EAH 221

Aug 6th 2009

FLUID MECHANICS
for
CIVIL Engineers

Dr H Md Azamathulla
Lecturer,REDAC, USM
http://redac.eng.usm.my/eah221/
Determine the total force and it centre of pressure for 1 m wide and
2 m deep rectangular plane area immersed vertically with its top edge 1.5 m below
the water surface.

Water surface

1.5 m
F = γAh
h =1.5+1=2.5 m

F=9.81*(1x2)2.5= KN
. CG 2m 3.5

. CP ∫ h dA
2
∫ h dA
2

CP = = 1.5
3.5

∫ hdA ∫ hdh
2.5
1m
=2.633 m
Or u can try, as we know
Igg
CP = &h&& +
A&h&&
• Determine the total force and position of centre of
pressure for trapezium of sides 2 m and 4 m and
height 3 m, immersed in water at 30o inclination with
top edge 1 m below water surface
O
Water surface

1m 30o
Y
Water surface
ho h- 2m
2.5m
x

2m
O’
.CG
CP

4m
3 m Projected view
 • The resultant force on a curved surface is easily
computed by separating it into horizontal and vertical
components.
• Consider the arbitrary curved surface shown figure.
• Free –body diagram of the column of fluid contained in
vertical projection above the curved surface.
• The desired forces FH and FV
• The other forces are shown due to fluid weight and
horizontal pressure on the vertical sides of this column.
• The column of fluid must static equilibrium
The horizontal component of force on a curved surface equal the force on the
plane area formed by the projection of the curved surface on to a vertical plane
Normal to the component.
If there are two horizontal components, both can be computed by this scheme.

FV=W1+W2+Wair
• We can state this in words as our second
general rule.

• The vertical component of pressure force

on a curved surface equals in magnitude
and direction the weight of the entire
column of fluid, both liquid and
atmosphere, above the curved surface.
The calculation of Fv involves little more than finding centers
of mass of a column fluid –perhaps a little integration if the lower
portion abc in Figure has particularly vexing shape.
 Test-2 on 20-8-2009, 4 questions = 10 marks

• Assignment -2
• 4.23,4.24,4.27 and 4.29 from Mott book.