TENSE USES STRUCTURE AUXILIARY KEYWORD RULES OF VERBS EXAMPLES

PRESENT We use the present + DOES/ Tip : the present simple is used to • (he, she, it), add s, +
SIMPLE simple tense to Subject + verb + DOESNT talk about the actions or states that es, or ies The sun sets in
express the following complement He occur at the precise moment in the west.
ideas: which it is spoken. THIS IS • To regular verbs
- She INCORRECT. For these situations just add an s - Ex: We produce
• To state facts or Subject + auxiliary the present continuous is used. travel >travels, give lasers for
general truths do/does not + verb + It > gives, cosmetic
complement surgery.
• To express habits DO/ DONT
or customs ¿? You • End in s, ss, sh, ch, -
Auxiliary do/does + x, and o, add an es - Jim doesn't
subject + verb + We Ex: wash > washes, work on
• To relate future complement Fridays.
plans (often They • End in y after a
regarding consonant change ¿?
programs and I the y to i and add es. Do you surf
timetables) Ex: study > studies, the Internet
every day?
• To tell jokes and • Negative an
stories or to report interrogative only
sporting events in aux, verb base form
real time.

PRESENT It is used to represent

CONTINOU an action that is
S happening or
progressing in the
moment that the
speaker is speaking.

PAST
SIMPLE +
She kissed me
on the cheek.

Did -
She didn't
Didnt have time.

¿?

Did you go to
work
yesterday?
PAST • while.
CONTINOU • when.
S • as.
• all (the whole) day (morning
/ evening / night) yesterday.
• yesterday at 6 (7, 8, ...)
o'clock / a.m. / p.m.
• this time yesterday / this
time last year (week /
month)

FUTURE For most verbs, "will" is

SIMPLE added before the verb in
its base form (infinitive)
WILL without "to."
Example: I will go.

WILL NOT Some modal verbs can

also be used to express
the future tense, such as
"shall", "can", "may",
"might", among others,
depending on the
context.
Example: Ella She may
arrive late.

Irregular verbs:
Some verbs have
irregular forms in the
simple future. For
example:
to be (ser/estar): I will be
(I will be/estar)
to have (tener): They will
have (They will have)