1 AY6QCGyyiTAGK6t847VyFwhag

m~PxcÎ
†gŠwjK eB mg~‡ni †bvU 19. Avgv‡ì wfkb t Avgv‡ì cÖZ¨q -46

1. msweavb -2 20. AvZ¥MVb -46
2. Kg©c×wZ -5 21. i“Kb kc‡_i ¸i“Z¡ I Dcvq -49
3. PwiÎ MV‡bi †gŠwjK Dcv`vb -10 22. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡ì eënvwiK Rxeb-50
4. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb t mvd‡jï kZ©vejx -11 23. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b Kgx©‡ì Z¨vM I Kzievbx -54
5. mjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi ˆbwZK wfwË -13 24. ‡h AZxZ †cÖiYv †RvMvq -55
6. m‡Zï mv¶¨ -16 25. wgwWqv mš¿vm t Avgv‡ì cÖPvi †KŠkj -59
7. Bmjvgx †i‡bmuv Av‡›`vjb -17 26. ‡bZ…Z¡ ˆZwi I msMVb cwiPvjbv -60
8. †n`vqvZ -21 27. cwiKíbv MÖnb I ev¯—evqb -64
9. fv½v I Mov -24 28. cwiKíbv cÖbqb, msMVb cwiPvjbv I gReywZ
10. Bmjvgx `vIqvZ I Kg©bxwZ -25 AR©b Ges g¨v‡bR‡g›U -67
11. Bmjvgx wec‡ei c_ -32 29. kvnv`vZ wQ‡jv Kvg¨ hv‡ì -71
12. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b Kg©x‡ì cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© -34 30. mgvR c~bM©V‡b gymwjg hyeK‡ì `vwqZ¡ I
13. Bmjvgx msMVb -38 KZ©e¨ -75
14. GKwU Av`k©ev`x `‡ji cZ‡bi Kvibt Zvi 31. msMVb cwiPvjbvq Mb‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi ¸i“Z¡-
†_‡K evuPvi Dcvq -3 76
15. Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡ -4 32. msMVb m¤cÖmviY I MYwfwË iPbv -77
16. Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸bvejx -11 33. mvs¯‹…wZK ØvwqZ¡kxj‡ì gvbDbœqb -78
34. mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb cÖwZôv I cwiPvjbv -80
†gŠwjK Av‡jvPbvi †bvU mg~n 35. ¯‹z‡j `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri ¸i“Z¡ -81
36. ¯‹zj `vIqvZx Kv‡R mgm¨v I mgvav‡bi Dcvq-82
1. Djygyj †KviAvb -13
37. msMV‡bi BwZnvm HwZn¨ -83
2. Djygyj nvw`m -16
38. D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b `vIqvZx ZrciZv-86
3. K¨wiqvi weKwkZ Rxe‡bi Øvi -19
39. BDwbU `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ -89
4. Movement expanding & techniques of
40. IqvW© msMVb cwiPvjbv t mgm¨v I KiYxq -93
Dawah : Present cituation -20
41. Avmnv‡e ivm~j (mv.) -98
5. Øxwb cwi‡ek msi¶‡b `vwqZ¡kxj fvB‡ì
42. Bmjvgx ivóª eë¯’v -100
fywgKv -21
43. Bmjv‡g †bZ…Z¡ -107
6. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kgx©‡ì Kvw•LZ gvb -22
44. msMVb cwiPvjbv -109
7. Avjvni c‡_ Avnevb -23
8. Kg©x MV‡b `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì KiYxq -24 45. msMVb cwiPvjbvq Avgv‡ì wewb‡qvM,
9. `vIqvZ -26 cÖZ¨vkv I cÖvwß -112
46. wewfbœ Kv‡R mgš^q mvab Ges nVvr D™¢~Z
10. Bmjv‡g `vIqvZ I `vÕqxi êwkó¨ -28
11. msMVb cwiPvjbvt `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì KiYxq -29 mgm¨vi †gvKv‡ejv -113
12. DckvLv cwiPvjbvq GKRb Av`k© 47. ˆbwZK PwiÎ -114
`vwqZ¡kx‡ji f~wgKv -34 48. mf¨Zv wewbg©v‡Y Bmjvg -116
13. QvÎRxeb, Kg©Rxeb I K¨vwiqvi -36 49. `vIqv‡Z Øxb t ¸i“Z¡ I c×wZ -120
14. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb Cgv‡bi Acwinvh© `vex -37 50. 21 kZ‡Ki G‡RÛv -124
15. Av`k© Kg©xi fvimvg¨c~Y© Rxeb -38 51. ev` w`b ev‡R Af¨vm -127
16. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi KvswLZ †gRvR I 52. Ab¨vb¨ QvÎmsMV‡bi †bZ…e„‡›ì mv‡_
cwi‡ek -39 Avgv‡ì m¤úK© -129
17. K¨vwiqvi MVb I Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb -40 53. AvbyMZ¨ civgk© I Bn‡Zmve -130
18. kc‡_i Av‡jv‡K Avgv‡ì Rxeb -41 54. wewea -133
1. msweavb
evsjv‡`k Bmjvgx QvÎwkwei
msweavb wK?
Ñ msMV‡bi †gŠwjK `wjj Ñ AvB‡bi mgwó
Ñ msMV‡bi Rxeb c×wZ Ñ †gŠwjK bxwZgvjv
 msweavb k‡ãi A_© :
1. msMVb + weavb 2. †gŠwjK `wjj
3. †gŠwjK bxwZgvjv 4. miKv‡ii wfwË
 cwifvlv :
 evsjvqÑ MVbZš¿, kvmbZš¿  Aviex‡ZÑ `¯‘i
 In English- Constitution  dvwm©‡ZÑ jvngy`vb
 D`y©‡ZÑ ivnbygv
 msÁv : †Kv‡bv cÖwZôvb, msMVb ev iv‡óªi MVb msi¶Y I cwiPvjbv c×wZ‡K msweavb e‡j|
Ñ hvi wfwË‡Z ivóª, miKvi, msMVb ev cÖwZôvb wbqwš¿Z I cwiPvwjZ nq Zv‡KB msweavb e‡j|
Ñ msweavb ej‡Z †mB mKj wjwLZ I AwjwLZ wbqgvejx‡K eySvqÑ hv †Kvb iv‡óªiI miKv‡ii MVb, Bnvi ¶gZv
eënv‡ii I eÈ‡bi bxwZ wba©viY K‡i Ges iv‡óªi wewfbœ wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© wba©viY K‡i|
Ñ AvB‡bi mgwó‡K msweavb e‡j|
 msweav‡bi Dcv`vb :
 * †bZ…Z¡ * Kg©xevwnbx * Kg©m~Px * Av`k© * j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨
 msweav‡bi cÖKvi‡f` :
g~jZ `yB cÖKvi : 1. ivóªxq msweavb, 2. `jxq msweavb|
 msweav‡bi †kªYxweb¨vm : wjwLZ I AwjwLZ
*mycwieZ©bxq I `y®úwieZ©bxq * †cÖwm‡WwÝqvj * ivRZvwš¿K
* hy³ivóªxq * msm`xq
* GK‡K›`ªxK * cÖRvZvwš¿K
 gvK©mxq `„wófw½‡Z †KvWvKm msweavb‡K `yÕfv‡M fvM K‡i‡QbÑ
A. Bourgeois Constitution (ey‡R©vqv msweavb)
B. Working Class Constitution (kªwgK †kªYxi msweavb)
 †jv‡qb óvBb msweavb‡K 3 fv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb| h_vÑ
A. †gŠwjK I †gŠwjKZvwenxb msweavb (Original & Derivative Constitution)
B. bxwZmse× I wbi‡c¶ msweavb (Ideologically Programatic & Neutral Constitution)
C. wbqgwbó, bvggvÎ I kãv‡_©i w`K †_‡K ¯^xK…Z msweavb (Narrative, Nominal and semantic consitution)
 msweavb cÖYqb c×wZ :
Ñ Aby‡gv`bm~‡Î Ñ avivevwnK weeZ©‡bi gva¨‡g
Ñ MYcwil` ev B”QvK…Z iPbvi gva¨‡g Ñ wecex cwil‡ì gva¨‡g|
 msweav‡bi ¸i“Z¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv :
Ñ mKj wPšÍv‡K GKB avivq †K›`ªxf~Z Kivi Rb¨| Ñ `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi mgš^q mva‡bi Rb¨|
Ñ wPšÍvaviv‡K GKB avivq cÖevwnZ Kivi Rb¨| Ñ g~j¨‡eva msi¶‡Yi Rb¨|
ÑmsMVb, cÖwZôvb ev iv‡óªi †ndvRZ I MwZkxjZvi Rb¨| Ñ HwZn¨ msi¶‡Yi Rb¨|
 HwZn¨ :
Ñ BwZnv‡mi avivevwnKZvq msNwUZ †h NUbv Kv‡ji cwiµgvq AbymiYxq I AbyKiYxq n‡q hvq ZvnvB HwZn¨|
Ñ mg‡qi weeZ©‡b †hme welq wk¶Yxq wn‡m‡e cwiYZ n‡q‡Q †mUvB HwZn¨|
 msweav‡bi êwkó¨ :
Ñ ¯^í kãgvjvq Mfxi Zvrch© I e¨vcK| Ñ cwieZ©bkxj nIqv|
Ñ msweav‡bi kã¸‡jv AZ¨šÍ ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Ñ †gŠwjK welqmg~n msw¶ß nIqv|
Ñ AZ¨waK RwUj ev AZ¨waK mnR‡eva¨ bq| Ñ mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i †NvlYv _vKv|
Ñ msweav‡bi wKQy AwjwLZ w`K _vKv| Ñ RbM‡Yi AwaKvimg~n wjwLZ _vKv|
2

 Av`k© I DËg msweav‡bi êwkó¨ :
Ñ wjwLZ I my¯úó| Ñ bvMwiK‡ì ev Kg©x‡ì †gŠwjK `vq`vwqZ¡ I
Ñ msw¶ß I RwUjZvgy³| AwaKvi eY©bvi myweb¨¯ÍZv|
Ñ ga¨gcš’x, mycwieZ©bxq bq Avevi `y®úwieZ©bxqI bq| Ñ msweavb cwieZ©‡bi aviv _vKv|
Ñ e³e¨ mnR‡eva¨ I my¯úó| Ñ mvgvwRK HwZn¨ I RvZxq AvKv•Lvi cÖwZ”Qwe|
Ñ hy‡Mvc‡hvMx|
 Avgv‡ì msweav‡bi êwkó¨ :
Ñ KziAvb I mybœvn wfwËK| Ñ K¨vWviwfwËK|
Ñ fvlv my¯úó, g‡bvgy»Ki, mnR I cÖvÄj| Ñ Bmjvgx g~j¨‡ev‡ai msi¶Y|
Ñ c~Y©v½ I cwic~Y©| Ñ ¶gZvi fvimvg¨|
Ñ RwUjZvgy³| Ñ kãwfwËK msweavb evK¨wfwËK bq|
Ñ msw¶ß| Ñ Abb¨ wbe©vPb c×wZ|
Ñ ga¨gcš’x, bgbxqZv I AbgbxqZvi mgš^q|
 Avgv‡ì msweav‡bi BwZnvm :
Ñ Avgv‡ì msweavbwU Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm I HwZ‡nï Av‡jv‡K iwPZ|
Ñ 1941 mv‡ji 25 †k AvM÷ jv‡nv‡i 75 R‡bi 1wU Ux‡g Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx cÖwZwôZ nq Ges gvIjvbv gI`y`x (i.)
Avgxi wbhy³ nb|
Ñ 1946 mv‡j Zviv 1wU QvÎ msMV‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Abyfe K‡ib Ges 1947 mv‡ji 23†k wW‡m¤î 25 Rb Qv‡Îi 1wU wgwUs nq
Ges bmi“jvn Lvb AvwRR Gi cÖavb nb| Students Forum, AvÄygv‡b bI‡Rvqvb, Rwgq‡Z Zvjvev 3wU bvg cÖ¯Íve nq|
Ñ 1948 mv‡ji 23 wW‡m¤î Bmjvgx Rwgq‡Z Zvjvev cÖwZôv nq| mfvcwZ-Rvdi“jvn Lvb AvwRR|
Ñ 1948 mv‡j msweav‡bi Lmov ˆZwi K‡ib- Lyiig Rvngyiv`|
Ñ 1948 mv‡j 3 m`m¨wewkó ïiv 1wU eyK‡jU ˆZwi K‡i hv w`‡q 1951 ch©šÍ msMVb P‡j|
Ñ 1951 mv‡ji Lyiig Rvn gyiv` msweavb cÖYq‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ m`m¨‡ì Wv‡Kb Ges mevi wbKU cÖkœ cvVvb Ges GKwU
Lmov msweavb ˆZix K‡ib Ges bvg iv‡Lb Ôiv‡n `¯‘iÕ|
Ñ 1956 mv‡j ÔQvÎ msNÕ bv‡g QvÎ msMV‡bi bvg iv‡Lb Ges msweav‡bi evsjvq Abyev` K‡ib gvIjvbv Ave`yi inxg|
Ñ 1973 mv‡j bZzb K‡i 19†k gvP© msweavb iPbv Kiv nq| G mgq 5 m`‡mï KwgwU wQjÑ
1. Avjx Avnmvb gynv¤§` gyRvwn`|
2. gxi Kv‡kg Avjx|
3. G.†K.Gg. bwRi Avngv`|
4. Av.b.g AvãyR Rv‡ni|
5. †gvt Kvgi“¾vgvb|
Ñ 1976 mv‡j 1wU êVK WvKv nq Ges Bmjvgx QvÎwkwei bvg ivLv nq|
wmwÏK Rvgvj fvB KZ…©K bvg cÖ`vb Kiv nq evsjv‡`k Bmjvwg QvÎwkwei| 1977 mv‡ji 6B †deª“qvwi cÖ_g KvR ïi“
nq Ges MVbZ‡š¿i bvg nq msweavb|
Ñ 1977 mv‡j †K›`ªxq mfvcwZÑ gxi Kv‡kg Avjx, Kvgi“¾vgvb, gvI Avey Zv‡ni|
Ñ 1979 mv‡j ivRkvnx †gwW‡K‡ji m`m¨ Wvt †gvi‡k` Avjx fvB wb‡Ri iwPZ Òwkwei msMxZÓ cwi‡ekb K‡ib hv
cieZx©‡Z Òwkwei msMxZÓ wn‡m‡e M„nxZ nq|
Ñ 1981-82 Gbvg~j nK gÄy fvB, mvBdzj Avjg Lvb|
Ñ 1982 Avn‡g` Avãyj Kv‡ì (ev”Pz)
Ñ 1983 Zvmbxg Avjg,
Wv. ˆmq` Av. †gv. Zv‡ni
kvgmyj Avjg
Wv. Avwgbyj Bmjvg gyKzj
Avey Rvdi gy. Ievq`yj-vn
nvwg` †nvmvBb AvRv`
iwdKzj Bmjvg Lvb
gynv¤§` kvnRvnvb
3
Ñ 1999-2000 gwZDi ingvb AvK›`
Ñ 2001 Gnmvbyj gvneye hyev‡qi
Ñ 2002-2003 byi“j Bmjvg eyjeyj
Ñ 2004 gwReyi ingvb gÄy
Ñ 2005-2006 gy. †mwjg DÏxb
Ñ 2006-2007 gy. kwdKzj Bmjvg gvmy`
2007-2008 gy. Rvwn`yi ingvb
2009-2010 W. gy. †iRvDj Kwig
2010-2011 Wv. gy. dLi“wÏb gvwbK
2011- gy. †`jvIqvi †nvmvBb
g~j eB Pvi fv‡M wef³ :
* c~e© K_v * f~wgKv * avivmg~n * cwiwkó
1. c~e©K_v t
1. msweavb GKwU †gŠwjK `jxj| 5. wkwe‡ii mKj ZrciZv msweav‡bi wfwË‡Z
2. msMV‡bi Rb¨ msweavb Ab¯^xKvh©| cwiPvwjZ|
3. QvÎwkwe‡ii msweavb GK cweÎ AvgvbZ| 6. cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZi Av‡jv‡K msweav‡b ms‡kvabx Avbv nq|
4. Zvi cÖwZwU w`K Kzivb, mybœvn-Bmjvgx 7. msweavb Abyhvqx KvR Kivi Rb¨ Avj-vni wbKU
Av‡›`vj‡bi HwZ‡nï Av‡jv‡K cÖYxZ| ZvIdxK Kvgbv|
ZvInx`
f~wgKv cÖZ¨q ev wek¦vm Av‡LivZ
†imvjvZ
Bmjvgx Rxebeë¯’v
AvbyMZ¨
wm×všÍ `vIqvZ
Bmjvgx wec-e
msweav‡bi f~wgKv:-
msweav‡bi f~wgKv cÖ_gZ `yB fv‡M wef³ -
1. CgvwbqvZ/cÖZ¨q:-
(K) ZvInx` -
1. Avjvn me wKQzi m„wóKZ©v 3. wZwb Rxeb I g„Zzï gvwjK
2. wZwb Amxg ¶gZvai 4. wZwb Avmgvb Rwg‡bi mªóv
(L) Av‡LivZ -
1. GB Rxeb †kl bq 4. Av‡Liv‡Zi mvdj¨B cÖK…Z mvdj¨ Avi e¨_©Zv
2. ciKv‡j AviI GKwU Rxeb Av‡Q cÖK…Zv e¨_©Zv|
3. me wKQzi wn‡me Zvi wbKU w`‡Z n‡e
(M) wimvjvZ -
1. gvbe RvwZi c_ cÖ`k©K bex ivm~jMY 3. mwVK c‡_i mÜvb n‡jv Avj-‡KviAvb
2. Avjvn cÖ`Ë weavbB kvwš—i c_
(N) wLjvdZ -
1. Bmjvgx Rxeb weavbB gyw³ I Kj¨vY
Bmjv‡gi weavb bv gvbvB gvbe RvZxq aŸs‡mi g~j KviY|
2. AvgvwjqvZ/wm×vš— :-
(K) AvbyMZ¨ -
1. Avj-vni cÖwZ 2. ivm~j (mv:) Gi cÖwZ 3. Bmjvgx Avgx‡ii cÖwZ
(L) Bmjvgx wec‡ei `vIqvZ -

1. Bmjv‡gi Avw½‡K Rxeb‡K D™¢vwmZ Kiv 3. Avj-vni evYx cÖwZôvq mwµq _vKv
2. gvbe mgvR‡K G c‡_ WvKv
4
(M) wec‡ei †¶Î wba©viY -
1. cÖ_‡g wbR GjvKvq 2. 2. AZ:ci evsjv‡`‡k 3. ‡MvUv we‡k¦
cÖ_g Aa¨vqt
 aviv 1-3t (bvg, j¶ I D‡Ïk¨ I Kg©m~Px )
 aviv-2t j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨: GB msMV‡bi j¶ I D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q Avjvn cÖ`Ë I ivmyj (mvt) cÖ`wk©Z weavb Abyhvqx
gvby‡li mvwe©K Rxe‡bi cybwe©b¨vm mvab K‡i Avjni m‡š—vl AR©b|
wØZxq Aa¨vqt
 aviv 4-11t (m`m¨, mv_x)
Z…Zxq Aa¨vqt
 aviv 12-50t (†K›`ªxq msMVb, †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ, Kvh©Kix cwil`, †m‡µUvwi‡qU, Ab¨vb¨ ¯—i,
m`m¨ kvLv, mv_x kvLv, wbe©vPb, A_© eë¯’v, c`Pz¨wZ, msweav‡bi ms‡kvab, wewea)
 aviv 12t †K›`ªxq msMVb:
 aviv 13t †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ wbe©vPb:
 aviv 16t †K›`ªxq mfvcwZi `vwqZ¡:
 aviv 19 - 22 t Kvh©Kwi cwil` MVb I KvR
 aviv 22t Kvh©Kwi cwil‡ì `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨:
 aviv 26 - 28 t †m‡µUvwi‡qU
 aviv 29t Ab¨vb¨ ¯—i
 aviv 30 - 32 t m`m¨ kvLv I mv_x kvLv
 aviv 33 - 34 t wbe©vPb
 aviv 36 - 40 t A_© eë¯’v - cÖ‡Z¨K ¯—‡i evBZzj gvj _vK‡Z n‡e|
Av‡qi Drmt
1. Kg©x I ïfvKv•Lx‡ì `vb|
2. msMVb cÖKvkbxi gybvdv|
3. hvKvZ|
8. aviv 41 - 46 t wewfbœ ai‡Yi c`Pz¨wZ
9. aviv 47 - 48 t msweav‡bi ms‡kvab
10. aviv 49 - 50t wewea
11. cwiwkó - kc_ (mv_x, m`m¨, mfvcwZ I Kvh©Kix cwil` m`m¨)
2. Kg© c×wZ (Strategy)

evsjv‡`k Bmjvgx QvÎwkwei
Kg©c×wZ t KvR Kivi †KŠkj/bxwZgvjv; Kg©m~Px‡K mdj Kivi Rb¨ †h bxwZgvjv MÖnY Kiv nq Zv-B Kg©c×wZ
Kg©c×wZi êwkó¨ t
1. ivmyj (mt)-Gi Abym„Z c×wZ
2. weÁvb m¤§Z, hyw³wfwËK
3. Bmjvgx †i‡bmuvi BwZnvmjä AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K iwPZ|
4. mg‡qvc‡hvMx I ev¯Íeagx©
5. cwi‡ek I cwiw¯’wZi Av‡jv‡K cwieZ©bkxj|
eBwU 2 fv‡M wef³ t
1. f~wgKv 2. g~j eB
5
f~wgKvÑ 6 fv‡M wef³
1. wkwe‡ii cÖwZôvi j¶¨Ñ D‡Ïk¨
2. QvÎ wkwei †Kb cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q cÖwZôvi KviY
3. Kg©c×wZi : e¨vL¨v cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
ÑKg©c×wZ Qvov †Kvb Av‡›`vjb mdjKvg n‡Z cv‡i bv|
ÑKg©kw³, Rbkw³ Ges Rbmg_©‡bi mygvÄm¨c~Y© eënvi
ÑcÖwZwU Kgx©i †hvM¨Zv, Kg©`¶Zv, wPšÍvkw³, Av‡›`vj‡bi wcQ‡b mg_©b mewKQy Avjvn cÖ`Ë AvgvbZ G
Avgvb‡Zi my®úó eënv‡ii Rb¨ h_vh_, myô Kg©c×wZi cÖ‡qvRb Zv bv n‡j Zv †Lqvb‡Zi kvwgj n‡e|
4. evwZj gZv`‡k©i mv‡_ cv_©K¨ t (1) `k©bMZ (2) c×wZMZ
5. ivmyj (mt) Gi Abym„Z c×wZ, Drm|
6. Kg©c×wZi †KŠkjMZ w`K cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZi Av‡jv‡K cwieZ©bkxj
cÖwZwôZ nIqvi KviY t
Avjvni GB Rwg‡b mKj cÖKvi hyjyg I wbh©vZ‡bi g~‡jv‡”Q` K‡i Avj †KviAvb I Avj nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K åvZ…Z¡ I b¨v‡qi
†mŠ‡ai Dci GK Av`k© Bmjvgx mgvR M‡o †Zvjvi gnvb j¶¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡LB cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`k Bmjvgx
QvÎwkwei| PgK jvMv‡bv mvgwqK †Kvb j¶¨ nvwmj Gi D‡Ïk¨ bq|
cuvP `dv Kg©m~Px I Zvi ev¯Íevqb
mwµq Kg©xi êwkó¨/¸Yvejx 8wU
1. gReyZ Cgvb 5. wbôv
2. †Lv`vfxwZ 6. Kg©¯ú„nv
3. Av`‡k©i my¯úó Ávb 7. PvwiwÎK gvayh©
4. AvšÍwiKZv 8. Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZi h_v_© Abyaveb
* Kg©c×wZ eySvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbÑ
1. evi evi Aa¨qb 4. Av‡jvPbv-ch©v‡jvPbv
2. wPšÍv, M‡elYv I Aaëmvq 5. cyivZb I `vwqZ¡kxj Kgx©‡ì AwfÁZv
3. mwµq KvR
cuvP `dv
1. `vIqvZ 4. Bmjvgx wk¶v Av‡›`vjb I QvÎ mgm¨vi
2. msMVb mgvavb
3. cÖwk¶Y 5. Bmjvgx mgvRwewbg©vY
cÖ_g `dv t `vIqvZ
`vIqvZ t
ÔZi“Y QvÎ mgv‡Ri Kv‡Q Bmjv‡gi AvnevÕb †cuŠwQ‡q Zv‡ì gv‡S Bmjvgx Ávb AR©b Ges ev¯Íe Rxe‡b Bmjv‡gi c~Y©
Abykxj‡bi `vwqZ¡vbyf~wZ RvMÖZ Kiv|
G `dvi 3wU w`K
cÖ_gZ t Bmjv‡gi e¨vcK cÖPvi
wØZxqZ t QvÎ‡ì gv‡S Bmjvgx Ávb AR©‡bi `vwqZ¡vbyf~wZ RvMÖZ Kiv|
Z…ZxqZ t Bmjvgx Abykvmb †g‡b Pjvi Rb¨ QvÎ‡ì gv‡S `vwqZ¡vbyf~wZ RvMÖZ Kiv
cÖ_g `dvi KiYxq KvRÑ 8wU
1. e¨w³MZ mv¶vrKvi I m¤cÖxwZ ¯’vcb 6. weZK© mfv, iPbv Ges e³…Zv cÖwZ‡hvwMZv I
2. mvßvwnK I gvwmK mvaviY mfv mvaviY Áv‡bi Avmi
3. wm‡¤úvwRqvg, †mwgbvi 7. †cv÷vwis, †`qvj wjLb, cwiwPwZ I wewfbœ
4. Pv-Pµ, eb‡fvRb mg‡q cÖKvwkZ mvgwqKx weZiY|
5. bevMZ m¤â©bv 8| wmwW wfwmwW K¨v‡mU weZib
* e¨w³MZ mv¶vrKvi I m¤cÖxwZ ¯’vcb t
Uv‡M©UK…Z Qv‡Îi ¸YvejxÑ 5wU
1. †gavex QvÎ 3. PwiÎevb 5. mgv‡R ev wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b
2. eyw×gvb I Kg©V 4. †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸Yvejx m¤úbœ cÖfvekvjx|
6
e¨w³MZ mv¶vrKv‡ii cš’v t
1. cwiKíbv 4. †hvMv‡hvMKvixi êwkó¨
2. m¤cÖxwZ ¯’vcb 5. µgvš^‡q Kgx© ch©v‡q wb‡q Avmv
3. µgaviv Aej¤^b
µgaviv Aej¤^bÑ cÖ_g mv¶v‡Z g~j `vIqvZ bv w`‡q eÜzZ¡ ¯’vwc‡Zi gva¨‡g Av¯’vi cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e|
cÖ_gZ t Uv‡M©UK…Z Qv‡Îi gb-gM‡R cÖwZwôZ Bmjvg I Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb m¤ú‡K© hveZxq fyj aviYvi AmviZv eyw×gËvi
mv‡_ Zz‡j ai‡Z n‡e|
wØZxqZ t Av‡LivZ Z_v ciKvj m¤ú‡K© my¯úó aviYv w`‡Z n‡e Ges hveZxq mgm¨vi mgvav‡b Bmjv‡gi mygnvb Av`‡k©i
cwiPq Zz‡j ai‡Z n‡e|
Z…ZxqZ t Zv‡K Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb I mvsMVwbK Rxe‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Dcjwä Kiv‡Z n‡e|
cieZx© ch©v‡q Zv‡K cÖZ¨¶fv‡e msMV‡b AskMÖnY Kivi Avnevb Rvbv‡Z n‡e|
†hvMv‡hvMKvixi êwkó¨ t 13wU
1. Kg K_v ejv 9. Zvi `ye©jZvi mgv‡jvPbv bv K‡i mr¸Yvejxi
2. AZ¨waK â‡h©i cwiPq †`qv weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv
3. †ekx K_vi cwie‡Z© PvwiwÎK gvayh© w`‡q cÖfve
m„wó Kiv| 10. eënv‡i AgvwqK nIqv
4. Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© mwVK I ¯úó aviYv ivLv 11. Zvi myL `yt‡Li Askx`vi nIqv|
5. †Kvb cÖ‡kœi DËi bv w`‡Z cvi‡j e¨w³Z¡ A¶zbœ 12. gb‡K A‡nZzK aviYv †_‡K gy³ ivLv|
†i‡L mgq †bqv| 13. m¤úK© e„w×i Rb¨ GKm‡½ ågY, GK‡Î bv¯Ív,
6. †MuvRvwg‡ji Avkªq bv †bqv|
7. hvi mv‡_ mv¶vZ Kiv n‡”Q Zvi gb gvbwmKZvi LvIqv, wbR evmvq wb‡q Avmv, Zvi evmvq
w`‡K j¶¨ ivLv| hvIqv, Dcnvi †`qv BZ¨vw`|
8. ‡hvMv‡hvMK…Z Qv‡Îi †ivM `~i Kivi Rb¨
GKRb AwfÁ wPwKrm‡Ki f~wgKv cvjb Kiv|
µgvš^‡q Kgx© ch©v‡q wb‡q Avmvi DcvqÑ 5wU
1. msMV‡bi wewfbœ Abyôv‡bi cÖwZ cÖZ¨¶ ev 4. wewfbœ Bev`‡Zi cÖwZ Zvi `„wó AvKl©Y Kiv
c‡iv¶fv‡e AvMÖnx Ki‡Z n‡e| 5. mgq mgq gb-gvbwmKZv ey‡S †QvU LvU KvR
2. mvaviY mfv, Pv-Pµ I eb‡fvR‡b kvwgj Kiv †`qv|
3. QvÎ‡ì Ávb, eyw×, AvšÍwiKZv, gvbwmKZv I
Cgv‡bi `„pZv j¶¨ K‡i cwiKwíZfv‡e eB
cov‡bv
cÖ_g `dvi AwZwi³ KvR t 5wU
1. MÖ“c `vIqvZx KvR 4. †gvnivg‡ì gv‡S KvR
2. `vIqvZx MÖ“c †cÖiY 5. gmwR`wfwËK `vIqvZx KvR
3. `vIqvZx mßvn I c¶
wØZxq `dvÑ msMVb t wee„wZ t †hme QvÎ Bmjvgx Rxeb weavb cÖwZôvi msMÖv‡g Ask
wb‡Z cÖ¯‘Z Zv‡ì‡K msMV‡bi Aax‡b msNe× Kiv|
msweavb Abyhvqx ¯ÍiÑ
1. m`m¨ 2. mv_x
Kg©c×wZ Av‡iv `yÕ¯Íi t
3. Kgx© 4. mg_©K
Kgx© t 4wU êwkó¨
1. mwµqfv‡e `vIqvZx KvR Kiv 3. evqZzj gv‡j wbqwgZ GqvbZ `vb
2. Kgx©mfvq wbqwgZfv‡e †hvM`vb Kiv 4. e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© ivLv I †`Lv‡bv|
Kgx©i KvRÑ 8wU
1. KziAvb I nv`xm wbqwgZ ey‡S covi †Póv Pvjv‡bv| 6. Kg©x mfv mvaviYmfv cÖf„wZ Abyôv‡b †hvM`vb
2. wbqwgZ Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ cov 7. msMVb KZ…©K Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ h_vh_fv‡e cvjb Kiv|
3. Bmjv‡gi cÖv_wgK `vexmg~n †g‡b Pjvi †Póv Kiv| 8. Ac‡ii Kv‡Q msMV‡bi `vIqvZ †cuŠ‡Q †`qvi †Póv
4. evqZzj gv‡j wbqwgZ GqvbZ `vb| Kiv|
5. wbqwgZ e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© ivLv I †`Lv‡bv
7
mv_x t
mv_x nIqvi kZ© msweav‡bi 9bs aviv Abyhvqx
1. msMV‡bi j¶¨ I D‡Ï‡kï mv‡_ HK¨gZ 3. Bmjv‡gi cÖv_wgK `vwqZ¡mg~n cvjb Kiv|
†cvlY Kiv| 4. msMV‡bi mvgwMÖK ZrciZvq c~Y©fv‡e mnvqZv
2. msMV‡bi Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZi mv‡_ Kivi cÖwZkÖ“wZ †`qv|
m‡PZbfv‡e GKgZ nIqv|
m`m¨ t
kZ©Ñ 4bs aviv AbyhvqxÑ 6wU
1. msMV‡bi j¶¨ D‡Ïk¨‡K Rxe‡bi j¶¨ wn‡m‡e 4. Zvi Rxe‡b Bmjvg wba©vwiZ diR I
†bqv| IqvwRemg~n h_vh_fv‡e m¤úv`b Kiv|
2. Kg©m~Px I Kg© c×wZi mv‡_ HK¨gZ¨ †cvlY 5. Kexiv ¸bvnmg~n †_‡K `~‡i _vKv|
Kiv| 6. msMV‡bi j¶¨ D‡Ï‡kï wecixZ †Kvb ms¯’vi
3. msweavb m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c †g‡b Pjv| mv‡_ m¤úK© bv ivLv|
wØZxq `dvi KiYxq KvRÑ 10wU

1. Kg©x êVKÑ m‡e©v”P mgq 1 NÈv 30 wgwbU 6. evqZzj gvj
2. mv_x êVKÑ m‡e©v”P 3 NÈv 7. mvsMVwbK mdi
3. m`m¨ êVKÑ m‡e©v”P 3 NÈv 8. cwiPvjK wbe©vPb
4. `vwqZ¡kxj êVKÑ m‡e©v”P 2 NÈv 30 wgwbU 9. cwiKíbv
5. Kgx© †hvMv‡hvM 10. wi‡cvwU©s
Kgx© êV‡Ki Kg©m~Px t
* A_©mn KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ-10wg. * Kg© eÈb-20 wg.
* e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© †ck, gšÍe¨ I civgk©Ñ 30 wg. * mfvcwZi e³e¨ I gybvRvZÑ 10 wg.
* cwiKíbv MÖnY-20 wg.
Kg©x †hvMv‡hv‡Mi c×wZ t
D‡Ïk¨ t wbw¯Œq Kg©x‡K mwµq Kiv I fyj eySveywS `~i Kiv
1. cwiKíbv 5. mvsMVwbK Av‡jvPbv
2. ¯’vb I mgq wbe©vPb 6. mvwe©K Av‡›`vj‡bi Av‡jvPbv
3. HKvwšÍKZv 7. mvjvg I †`vqv wewbgq
4. e¨w³MZ I cvwievwiK mgm¨v Av‡jvPbv
evqZzj gvj DrmÑ `ywUÑ
1. Kgx©‡ì GqvbZ 2. ïfvKvsLx‡ì `vb
mvsMVwbK cwiKíbv t cÖYq‡bi mgq
wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jvi cÖwZ mZK© bRi ivL‡Z n‡e|
1. Rbkw³ (†kªYxweb¨vmmn) 4. A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v
2. Kgx©‡ì gvb 5. cvwicvwk¦©K Ae¯’v|
3. Kv‡Ri cwiwa I cwimsL¨vbg~jK Z_¨ 6. we‡ivax kw³i ZrciZv|
Z…Zxq `dv Ñ cÖwk¶Y
wee„wZ t GB msMV‡bi Aax‡b msNe× QvÎ‡ì‡K Bmjvgx Ávb cÖ`vb Ges Av`k© PwiÎevbiƒ‡c M‡o Zz‡j Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi mg¯Í
P¨v‡j‡Äi †gvKvwejvq Bmjv‡gi †kªôZ¡ cÖgvY Kivi †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ Kgx© wn‡m‡e Movi Kvh©Kix eë¯’v Kiv|
Z…Zxq `dvi KiYxq KvR Ñ 13wU
1. cvVvMvi cÖwZôv 8. mvgwóK †fvR
2. Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ cvV I weZiY 9. e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© msi¶Y
3. cvVPµ, Av‡jvPbv Pµ, mvgwóK Aa¨qb 10. †`vqv I bdj Bev`Z
4. wk¶v wkwei, wk¶v‰eVK 11. Gn‡ZQve ev MVbg~jK mgv‡jvPbv
5. ¯úxKvm© †dvivg 12. AvZ¥mgv‡jvPbv
6. †jLK wkwei 13. KziAvb Zvwjg/KziAvb K¬vm
7. ke‡e`vix ev ˆbk Gev`Z
8
cvVPµ t cvVP‡µi kZ© 9 wU t
1. m`m¨ wbw`©óKiY 6. †bvU
2. cwiPvjK wba©viY 7. mgqvbyewZ©Zv
3. welqe¯‘ wba©viY 8. g‡bv‡hvM
4. j¶¨ wba©viY 9. mwµq mn‡hvwMZv
5. Aa¨qb
Av‡jvPbv Pµ t ÔKgx©‡ì (m‡e©v”P mgq 45 wg. mv_x‡ì ----- 2-2/30 wg.
ke‡e`vix ev ˆbk Gev`Z
ÒAvjvû¤§v jvKv AvmjvgZz Iqv †eKv AvgvbZz Iqv AvjvBKv ZvIqv°jZz Iqv BjvBKv AvbveZz Iqv †eKv AvmvgZz, Iqv
BjvBKv nvKvgZz|Ó (28 c„ôv)
ZIevi wbqg t
1. me©cÖ_g AvšÍwiKZvi mv‡_ wbR fy‡ji ¯^xK…wZ †`qv|
2. fy‡ji Rb¨ Avjvni Kv‡Q gvd PvIqv|
3. wØZxqevi fyj bv Kivi Iqv`v Kiv|
4. bvgvR †ivhv ev Avw_©K Kzievbxi wewbg‡q fy‡ji Kvddviv Av`vq Kiv|
AvZ¥ mgv‡jvPbvi c×wZ t 7wU
1. mgq wbe©vPb t †kvqvi mgq Gi †P‡q fvj 4. diR I IqvwRe Av`vqKv‡j AvšÍwiKZv h_v_©
dR‡ii ci Ges Gi †P‡qI fvj Ckvi wQj wK bv wPšÍv Kiv|
bvgv‡Ri ci| 5. AvR‡Ki mvsMVwbK KvR wb‡q wPšÍv Kiv, Awc©Z
2. Avjvn‡K nvwRi bvwRi †R‡b Rvqbvgv‡h `vwqZ¡ h_vh_fv‡e cvjb n‡q‡Q wKbv GR‡b¨
emv| mgq I mvg_© hv wQj Zv cy‡ivcywi e¨q n‡q‡Q
3. mvivw`‡bi Kg©e¨¯ÍZv‡K ¯§iY Kiv (fvj Kv‡Ri wK bv|
ïKwiqv I fy‡ji Rb¨ ZIev Kiv)| 6. eënvwiK Rxeb m¤ú‡K© wPšÍv Kiv|
7. Avjvni Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ PvIqv|
PZz_© `dv Ñ Bmjvgx wk¶v Av‡›`vjb I QvÎ mgm¨vi mgvavb
wee„wZ t Av`k© bvMwiK ˆZixi D‡Ï‡k¨ Bmjvgx g~j¨‡ev‡ai wfwË‡Z wk¶v eë¯’vi cwieZ©b mva‡bi `vex‡Z msMÖvg Ges QvÎ
mgv‡Ri cÖK…Z mgm¨v mgvav‡bi msMÖv‡g †bZ…Z¡ cÖ`vb|
G `dvi w`K `ywU
1. ÔBmjvgx wk¶v eë¯’v cÖwZôvi msMÖvgÕ Rvbv| 2.QvÎ mgv‡Ri cÖK…Z mgm¨v mgvav‡bi msMÖv‡g †bZ…Z¡ cÖ`vb|
Bmjvgx wk¶v cÖwZôvi msMÖvg Gi Kg©m~Px
1. Bmjvgx wk¶v wK? Gi êwkó¨ wKfv‡e cÖeZ©b 4. wk¶vi BmjvgxKi‡Yi cwiKíbv cÖYqb †gŠwjK
Kiv hvq? eZ©gvb wk¶v¯îƒc †`vl-GUv wK wK? Gi Mj` †Kv_vq wPšÍvwe`‡ì w`‡q Bmjvgx wk¶vi
my`~i cÖmvix wk¶veë¯’v| i~c‡iLv cÖYq‡b DØy× Kiv|
2. RbgZ msMÖn Kiv| 5. wk¶v eë¯’vi Dci we‡kl msKjb cÖKvk Kiv|
3. †cv÷vwis cwÎKvq wee„wZ, cwÎKvi wPwVcÎ
Kjv‡g wjLv|
QvÎ mgm¨v `yÕfv‡M wef³
1. e¨w³MZ 1. e¨w³MZ mgm¨vi †ewkifvM A_©‰bwZK
2. mgwóMZ
e¨w³MZ mgm¨v `~ixKi‡Y QvÎKj¨vY wefv‡Mi KvR
* jwRs †hvMvo K‡i †`qv * webvg~‡j¨ cÖkc
œ Î wewj
* ÷vB‡cÛ Pvjy Kiv * fwZ© mnvwqKv cÖKvk
* †jwÛs jvB‡eªix cÖwZôv Kiv * K‡R© nvmvbv
* wd« †KvwPs K¬vk Pvjy Kiv
mgwóMZ mgm¨vÑ
 fwZ© I Avmb mgm¨v|  †Kw›U‡bi mgm¨v|
 wk¶‡Ki Afve|  wbeZ©bg~jK eë¯’v|
 cvVvMv‡ii Afve|  cvV¨ eB Gi g~j¨ I †eZb e„w×|
 gmwR` bv _vKv|
9
mgvav‡bi Kg©m~Px
1. KviY wbY©q K‡i KZ…©c¶‡K AewnZKiY|
2. cÖwZev` mfv, wb›`v cÖ¯Íve MÖnY, †cv÷vwis, cwÎKvq wee„wZ cÖ`vb|
3. cÖZxK ag©NU cvjb I myk„sLj Av‡›`vjb
msm` wbe©vPb t wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡I Rb¨ QvÎ msm` wbe©vP‡b Ask MÖnY|
cÂg `dv Kg©m~PxÑ Bmjvgx mgvR wewbg©vY
wee„wZ t A_©‰bwZK †kvlY, ivR‰bwZK wbcxob Ges mvs¯‹…wZK †Mvjvgx †_‡K gvbeZvi gyw³i Rb¨ Bmjvgx mgvR wewbg©v‡Y
me©vZ¥K cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv|
G `dvi KvR `yfv‡e Kiv hvq
1. †hvM¨ †bZ…Z¡ I Kgx© evwnbx MVb
(K) K¨vwiqvi ˆZwi [TO BUILD UP CARREER] (M) Kgx© ˆZwi [TO BUILD WORKER]
(L) †bZ…Z¡ ˆZwi [TO MAKE UP LEADERSHIP] (N) Ávb AR©b [TO ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE]
2. ev¯Íe c`‡¶c MÖnY||
(K) mn‡hvwMZv (L) cwi‡ek m„wó I Pvc
PvwiwÎK kw³ w`‡q Avgiv KZ…©c‡¶i Dci Pvc m„wó Ki‡Z e× cwiKi|
Career ˆZwi t
mKj Sector G †jvK †`qvi gZ †hvM¨ †jvK ˆZix|
3. PwiÎ MV‡bi †gŠwjK Dcv`vb

bCg wmwÏKx
cÖKvk‡Ki K_v t
* Bmjvgx mgvR wec‡ei j‡¶¨ cwiPvwjZ Av‡›`vj‡b Kgx©‡ì PwiÎB gyL¨ nvwZqvi
* †jLK cwiwPwZ : bCg wmwÏKx, cÖwm× Bmjvgx mvwnwZ¨K| gvwmK ZiRgvbyj KziAvb Ges wb‡Ri cÖwZwôZ †Piv‡M ivn cwÎKvi
m¤úv`K wQ‡jb| ivm~j (mv.) Gi mxivZ gynwm‡b Bbmvwbq¨vZ bvgK MÖš’wU (Abyev`t-gvbeZvi eÜz gynv¤§` (mvt) cÖYqb K‡ib| G
eB‡qi g~j bvg wQj ÔZvgÕx‡i mxivZ †K jvIqvwhgÕ|
PwiÎ t
AvPvi, AvPiY, ¯^fve-cÖK…wZ, eënviwewa, ixwZbxwZ, Kvq`vKvbyb A_©vr hv Øviv gvby‡li fvjg›` wePvi Kiv hvq Zv‡K PwiÎ e‡j|
eBwU Pvi fv‡M wef³t
1. f~wgKv
2. Avjvni mv‡_ h_vh_ m¤úK©
3. msMV‡bi mv‡_ h_vh_ m¤úK©
4. mn‡hvMx‡ì mv‡_ h_vh_ m¤úK©| f~wgKv t Ñ
1. gvby‡li ZrciZv hZ e„w× cvq, kqZv‡bi n¯Í‡¶cI ZZB e¨vcKZi n‡Z _v‡K|
kqZvbx ZrciZvi i“ct
* cvðv‡Zï e¯‘ev`x I ¯^v_©cyRvix mf¨Zv RvwZi ˆbwZK cZb‡K Pig ch©v‡q DcbxZ K‡i‡Q
* mgvRZ‡š¿i bvw¯ÍKëv`x wPšÍvi nvgjv RvwZi †gŠwjK Cgvb AvKx`vi g‡a¨ m‡›`n-mskq m„wó K‡i‡Q|
GwU †hb m~iv Aviv‡di 17 bs Avqv‡Z ewY©Z kqZv‡bi P¨v‡j‡ÄiB ev¯—e i“ct
ÒAvwg (nvgjv Kivi Rb¨) G‡ì (gvbe RvwZi) mvg‡b †_‡K,†cQb †_‡K,Wvb w`K †_‡K evg w`K †_‡K Avm‡ev|Ó
2. G Ae¯’vq êivMëv`x wPšÍvi wKQy gymjgvb AvZ¥i¶vi Dc‡`k `vb K‡i,
hwÌ ˆbwZK D”Q„Lj cwi‡e‡k DbœZ ˆbwZK e„wËi Dci cÖwZwôZ _vKv PvwÆLvwb K_v bq| ZeyI Zv h‡_ó bq-
D`vnviYt-
1. gnvgvix Avµvš— GjvKv †_‡K AvZ¥i¶v‡_© cjvqb Kiv ¯^v_©ciZvi kvgxj
2. bygœZg cywR n‡jI Zv wb‡q gq`v‡b bvgv
3.Pwi‡Îi g~jab‡K Abyrcv`K bv †i‡L evRv‡i †Q‡o †`qv DwPZ| G‡¶‡Î c~Y© mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e? Gi cwiPvjbv I
†`Lvïbvi Rb¨ hveZxq DcvqË Aej¤^b Kiv DwPZ| Ògnvgvwi AvµvšÍ GjvKvq RbM‡Yi †mev Kivi Rb¨ Avgv‡ì wb‡R‡ì ¯^v_©i¶vi
m¤¢ve¨ mKj eë¯’v Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|Ó
10
wech©q I AwbóKvwiZvi wmcvnmvjvi kqZv‡bi P¨v‡jÄ t
Avj-vni mv‡_ h_vh_ m¤úK© t Dcvq 4wU
1. c~Y© wbqgvbyewZ©Zv Ges Avj-vn fxwZ, bZ I webgª fvemn †gŠwjK Bev`Z mg~n cvjbÑ we‡kl K‡i cuvP Iqv³ mvjvZ
Rvgvqv‡Zi mv‡_ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| wev`‡Zi mv‡_ mv‡_ AvZ¥wePv‡i Af¨¯Í n‡Z n‡e|
2. †KviAvb I nv`xm mivmwi Aa¨qb, mv‡_ Bmjvgx mvwnZÏ Aa¨qb Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. bdj Bev`Z-bdj bvgvR (Zvnv¾y`), bdj †ivRv, Avjvni c‡_ A_© e¨q G‡¶‡Î †MvcbxqZv i¶v Kiv|
4. mve©¶wYK whwKi I †`vqv|
msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK© t
Avgv‡ì wbKU msMVb †Kej GKwU ¯^vfvweK cÖ‡qvRbB bq eis Avgv‡ì Øxb`vix, ˆbwZKZv, Avjvni Bev`Z I ivm~‡ji
AvbyM‡Zï g~Z©cÖKvk|
1. Av‡`k AvbyM‡Zï fvimvg¨ i¶v Kiv| (wbmv-58)
2. AÜ AvbyMZ¨ bv Kiv| (gv‡q`v-2)
mgv‡jvPbv myaviYvi wfwË‡Z
3. e¨w³i cwieZ©‡b AvbyMZ¨ cwieZ©b bv Kiv| (Bgivb-144)
4. Kgx©‡ì Zzjbvq KZ…©Z¡kxj‡ì `vwqZ¡ A‡bK †ekx bvRyK cÖK…wZi|
(K) †Kvb †f`v‡f` bv Kiv
(L) gvd K‡i †`qv ms‡kvab Kiv I Zv‡ì Rb¨ †`vqv Kiv
(M) wewfbœ wel‡q Kgx©‡ì mv‡_ civgk© Kiv| (Bgivb-159)
(N) w¯’i wm×všÍ M„nxZ nIqvi ci Zvi Dci GKvMÖwP‡Ë AUj _vKv|
5. KZ…Z © ¡ I AvbyMZ¨ m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv wKQy K_v
(K) wPwV mvKz©jvi‡K ¸i“Z¡ `vb
(L) mgqgZ êV‡K nvwRi nIqv
(M) Avjvni Kv‡Q Revew`wnZvi Abyf~wZ wb‡q KvR Kiv| `jxq Pwi‡Î `ye©jZvi cÖKvk e„nËi †Mvbvn G Abyf~wZ wb‡q KvR Kiv|
(N) `vwqZ¡vbyf~wZ wb‡q KvR Kiv| (Avjvni wbKU A½xKv‡ii K_v ¯§iY Kiv)|
mn‡hvMx‡ì mv‡_ h_vh_ m¤úK© t 8wU
1. dv‡mK msev`-evn‡Ki msev‡` Z¡wor wm×všÍ bv †bqv| eis AbymÜvb Kiv| (ûRyivZ-6)
2. åvZ…Z¡ eRvq ivLv| (ûRyivZ-10)
3 KvD‡K we`ªƒc bv Kiv|
4. ci¯ú‡ii m¤ú‡K© KzaviYv bv Kiv, Ae¯’v Rvbevi Rb¨ †Mv‡q›`vwMwi bv Kiv, MxeZ bv Kiv| (ûRyivZ-12)
4. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb t mvd‡jï kZ©vejx

mvB‡q` Aveyj Avjv gI`y`x
cÖKvk‡Ki K_v :
†Kvb D‡Ïk¨, †Kvb Av‡›`vjb, †Kvb ms¯‹vig~jK c`‡¶c mdj n‡Z n‡j †m Av‡›`vj‡bi ˆmwbK‡ì we‡kl KZ¸‡jv ¸Y _vKv ìKvi|
1. my›ì, ewjô, DbœZ Avi D¾j Pwi‡Îi AwaKvix nIqv|
2. Av‡›`vjb I Bmjvgx mgvR cÖwZôv jvf|
3. Av‡Liv‡Z Avjvni mš‘wó jvf|
eBwU `yÕfv‡M wef³Ñ f~wgKv I g~j e³e¨|
f~wgKv 3 fv‡M wef³Ñ
1. nZvkvi w`K 2. Avkvi w`K 3. KiYxq
nZvkvi w`K : 3wU
1. Avgv‡ì RvwZi g‡a¨ GKwU Av`k© Bmjvgx mgvR cÖwZôvi AvKvsLvi †gv‡UB Afve †bB| Avmj Afve AvMÖn, D‡`¨vM MÖnY
Avi me‡P‡q †ewk Afve †hvM¨Zvi|
2. Avgv‡ì RvwZi mgMÖ cÖfvekvjx Ask AwaKvsk †¶‡Î mgv‡R weK…wZ I fv½b m„wó‡Z gyLi|
3. eZ©gvb hy‡M mgvR Rxeb cwiMVb Avi fv½vi e„nËg kw³ n‡”Q miKvi|
11
Avkvi w`K :
1. Avgv‡ì mgvR †Kej Amr †jv‡Ki Avevm¯’j bq, GLv‡b wKQy msL¨K mr‡jvKI Av‡QbÑ
2. Avgv‡ì RvwZ mvgwMÖKfv‡e AmrcÖeY bq|
3. mgvR weK…wZi Rb¨ hviv KvR Ki‡Q Zviv `ywU myweav AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡iwbÑ
K. PvwiwÎK kw³,
L. H‡Kï kw³
4. Øxb cÖwZôvi KvR Avjvn Zvqvjvi wb‡Ri KvR|
5. G Kv‡R Avjvn mvnvh¨ K‡ib Z‡e kZ© n‡”QÑ
K. Kg©x‡ì‡K mei I AvšÍwiKZvi mv‡_ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|
L. eyw× I weP¶YZv Kv‡R jvMv‡Z n‡e|
* mvd‡jï Rb¨ gq`v‡b AMÖmi n‡Z n‡e Avjvn I ivm~j (mv.) cÖewZ©Z c×wZ Abymv‡i|
* KvR Ki‡Z n‡e my¯’ gw¯Í‡®‹, †f‡e wP‡šÍ, D‡ËRbvi ekeZ©x n‡q bq|
 K‡g©i wm×všÍ I Kg©m~Pxi gaëZ©x¯’v‡b Kg©xi wb‡Ri mZ¡vB n‡”Q Kv‡Ri Avmj wfwË I wbf©i| Kv‡RB Kg©m~Px I cwiKíbv Avmj
bq| Avmj n‡”Q G¸‡jvi ev¯Íevq‡b wb‡qvwRZ e¨w³eM© I Zv‡ì PvwiwÎK ¸Yvejx Ges cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i e¨w³MZ I mvgwóK
¸Yvejx|
g~j e³e¨Ñ
MÖnYxq w`K :
1. e¨w³MZ ¸Yvejx 2. `jxq ¸Yvejx 3. c~Y©Zv`vbKvix ¸Yvejx
eR©bxq w`K :
4. †gŠwjK Amr ¸Yvejx 5. gvbweK `ye©jZv
e¨w³MZ ¸Yvejx : 4wU
1. Bmjv‡gi h_v_© Ávb : Bmjvgx AvwK`v wek¦vm‡K Rv‡njx wPšÍv Kíbv I Bmjvgx Kg©c×wZ‡K Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi bxwZ c×wZ †_‡K
Avjv`v K‡i Rvb‡Z n‡e Ges Rxe‡bi wewfbœ wefv‡M Bmjvg gvbyl‡K wK c_ †`wL‡q‡Q Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e|
2. Bmjv‡gi cÖwZ AwePj wek¦vm :
3. PwiÎ I Kg© : K_v Ges KvR GK n‡e|
4. Øxb n‡”Q Rxe‡bv‡Ïk¨ : Rxe‡bi mKj KvR Øx‡bi cÖwZ †K›`ªxf~Z n‡e|
`jxq ¸Yvejx : 4wU
1. åvZ…Z¡ I fvjevmv 3. msMVb I k„sLjv
2. cvi¯úwiK civgk© 4. ms¯‹v‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ mgv‡jvPbv
c~Y©Zv`vbKvix ¸Yvejx :
1. Avjvni mv‡_ m¤úK© I AvšÍwiKZv : 4. âh©
2. Av‡Liv‡Zi wPšÍv 5. cÖÁv
3. PwiÎ gvayh©
â‡h©i A_© t
1. Zvovûov bv Kiv, wb‡Ri cÖ‡Póvi Z¡wiZ dj jv‡fi Rb¨ Aw¯’i bv nIqv Ges wej¤^ †`‡L wn¤§Z nvwi‡q bv emv|
2. wZ³ ¯^fve, `ye©j gZ I msKínxbZvi †iv‡M AvµvšÍ bv nIqv|
3. evav wecwËi ex‡ivwPZ †gvKv‡ejv Kiv Ges kvšÍ wP‡Ë j¶¨ AR©‡bi c‡_ hveZxq `ytLKó ei`vkZ Kiv|
4. `ytL-†e`bv, fvivµvšÍ I †µvavwš^Z bv nIqv Ges mwnòz nIqv I â‡h©i GKwU A_©|
5. â‡h©i GK A_© n‡”Q mKj cÖKvi fq-fxwZ I †jvf-jvjmvi †gvKv‡ejvq mwVK c‡_ AwePj _vKv, kqZv‡bi Drmvn cÖ`vb I
bd‡mi Lv‡n‡ki wec‡¶ wb‡Ri KZ©e¨ m¤úv`b Kiv|
cÖÁvi A_© :
1. cÖÁvi Awee¨w³ n‡”Q gvbweK gb¯ÍZ¡ Abyaveb K‡i †mB Abyhvqx, gvby‡li mv‡_ eënvi Kiv Ges gvby‡li g‡bi Dci wb‡Ri
`vIqv‡Zi cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i Zv‡K j¶¨ AR©‡b wb‡qvwRZ Kivi c×wZ AeMZ Kiv|
2. wb‡Ri KvR I Zv m¤úv`b Kivi c×wZ Rvbv Ges Zvi c‡_ AvMZ hveZxq evav wecwË, cÖwZeÜKZv-we‡ivwaZv †gvKv‡ejv
KivI cÖÁvi Awfe¨w³|
3. cwiw¯’wZi cÖwZ bRi ivLv, mgq my‡hvM Abyaveb Kiv Ges †Kvb& mg‡q †Kvb& eë¯’v Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e, Gme RvbvI cÖÁvi
cwiPq|
4. Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i m~² ZË¡Ávb I `ywbqvi KvR-Kviev‡ii †¶‡Î Zx² `~i`„wó ivLvB n‡”Q mePvB‡Z eo cÖÁvi cwiPq|
12
†gŠwjK Amr ¸Yvejx :
1. Me© I AnsKviÑ euvPvi Dcvq t e‡›`Mxi Abyf~wZ, AvZ¥wePvi, gnr e¨w³‡ì cÖwZ `„wó, `jMZ cÖ‡Póv|
2. cÖ`k©‡b”QvÑ euvPvi Dcvq : e¨w³MZ cÖ‡Póv I mvgwMÖK cÖ‡Póv|
3. Î“wUc~Y© wbqZ|
wbq‡Z Mj` _vK‡j mrKv‡Ri wfwË ¯’vcb Kiv hvq bv| wbq‡Zi mv‡_ †Kvb e¨w³MZ ev `jxq ¯^v_© mswkó _vKv DwPr bq|
wbq‡Zi Î“wUi cÖfve Aek¨B Kv‡Ri Dci c‡o Ges Î“wUc~Y© KvR wb‡q Ggb †Kv‡bv cÖ‡Póvq mvdj¨ jvf Kiv m¤¢e bq| hvi
Avmj D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q g›`‡K LZg K‡i fv‡jv‡K cÖwZwôZ Kiv|
gvbweK `ye©jZv : 13wU
1. AvZ¥c~RvÑ euvPvi Dcvq : ZIev I G‡¯ÍMdvi Ges 7. KvbvKvwb I wdmwdmvbx
m‡Zï cÖKvk 8. †gRv‡Ri fvimvg¨nxbZv
2. AvZ¥cÖxwZ 9. GK‡N‡qgx
3. wnsmv-we‡Øl 10. GK‡`k `wk©Zv
4. Kz-aviYv 11. mvgwóK fvimvg¨nxbZv
5. MxeZ 12. msKxY©gbZv
6. †PvMj‡Lvix 13. `ye©j msKí
5. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi ˆbwZK wfwË

mvB‡q¨` Aveyj Avjv gI`y`x (it)
eBwU 1945 mv‡ji 21†k GwcÖj c~e© cvÄv‡ei cvVvb †KvU¯’ `vi“j Bmjv‡g giûg gvIjvbv mvB‡q¨` Aveyj Avjv gI`y`x
(it)-Gi GKwU e³…Zv|
eBwU `ywU g~j fv‡M wef³Ñ
1. f~wgKv 2. g~j e³e¨
f~wgKv t
G‡Z †gŠwjK †h welq Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv wbgœiƒcÑ
K. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi P~ovšÍ j¶¨ †bZ…‡Z¡i Avg~j cwieZ©b|
L. dvwmK Avjvn‡`ªvnx I cvwcó †jvK‡ì †bZ…Z¡ I KZ…©Z¡ wbgyj
© K‡i Avjvni m‡šÍvl jvf|
M. c„w_ex‡Z mKj wech©‡qi g~j KviY Amr †bZ…Z¡|
N. Amr †bZ…Z¡ DrLvZ I mr †bZ…Z¡ cÖwZôv Ges G D‡Ï‡k¨ cwiPvwjZ Av‡›`vjbB Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb|
* Amr †bZ…‡Z¡i djvdj t
Ñ wek¦e¨cx AkvwšÍ
Ñ Ryjyg wbh©vZ‡bi ¯^-c-vex mqjve|
Ñ ˆbwZKZvi Ae¶q
Ñ mvgvwRK fvOb
Ñ gvbe eyw×i Avwe®K…Z mgMÖ kw³ I hš¿ gvby‡li Kj¨vY I DbœwZ weav‡bi cwie‡Z© aŸsm mva‡bi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ
n‡”Q|
g~j e³e¨ t 6. Bmjvgx ‰bwZKZv|
†h welq¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| 7. †bZ…Z¡ m¤ú‡K© Avjvni bxwZi mviK_v|
1. †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸i“Z¡ 8. †gŠwjK gvbexq PwiÎ I Bmjvgx ˆbwZK kw³i
2. mr †bZ…‡Z¡i cÖwZôv Øxb Bmjv‡gi g~j j¶¨| ZviZg¨|
3. †bZ…‡Z¡i e¨vcv‡i Avjvni wbqg| 9. Bmjvgx ˆbwZKZvi Pvi ch©vq|
4. gvby‡li DÌvb-cZb Avj-vni wbqg| 10. fyj aviYvi Ac‡bv`b|
5. †gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi‡Îi we‡klY|
13
1. †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸i“Z¡ t
mKj cÖKvi wµqvKv‡Êi g~‡j i‡q‡Q †bZ…‡Z¡i f~wgKv| †`k, RvwZ, mgvR me wKQyB †bZ…‡ Z¡i Aax‡b cwiPvwjZ nq, Gi
Dci wbf©i K‡i †Kvb †`k ev RvwZi DbœwZ AMÖMwZ wKsev cZb|
mr †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸i“Z¡ t
1. mZZv b¨vq bxwZ Ges Kj¨vYKi Kvh©µg my›ì I myPvi“iƒ‡c ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡q mgvR my›`‡ii ci‡k weKwkZ I
cÖùzwUZ nq|
2. Amr †jvK GLv‡b mr n‡Z eva¨|
3. Ab¨vq, AbvPvi, cvcvPvi GLv‡b weKvk jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
Amr †bZ…‡Z¡i cwiYvg t
1. mZZv, b¨vq bxwZ I Kj¨vY mgvR n‡Z we`vq †bq
2. cvcvPvi, AbvPvi, Ab¨vq `ybx©wZ me©Î Qwo‡q c‡o|
3. mrfv‡e Pj‡Z PvB‡jI Pjv hvq bv|
2. mr †bZ…Z¡ cÖwZôv Øxb Bmjv‡gi g~j j¶¨ t
Øxb Bmjv‡gi †gŠwjK `vex-3wU
1. mKj gvbyl‡K GKgvÎ Avjvn&i `vm wn‡m‡e Rxeb hvcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
2. †Lv`vi †`qv AvBb‡KB GKgvÎ Rxeb weavb wn‡m‡e gvb‡Z n‡e|
3. c„w_exi eyK †_‡K mKj cÖKvi Ab¨vq, AkvwšÍ `~ixf~Z Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. †bZ…‡Z¡i e¨vcv‡i Avjvni wbqg t
1. ˆbwZK Pwi‡Îi DbœwZ mvab|
2. †hvM¨Zvi weKvk mvab| Ki‡jB Avjvn †bZ…Z¡ w`‡eb|
4. gvby‡li DÌvb cZb ˆbwZK Pwi‡Îi Dci wbf©ikxj t
* gvby‡li mvdj¨ I e¨_©Zvi `ywU w`K
1. ˆbwZK kw³ 2. êlwqK kw³
* ˆbwZK Pwi‡Îi `ywU w`K t
1. †gŠwjK gvbexq PwiÎ 2. Bmjvgx ˆbwZK PwiÎ
5. †gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi‡Îi we‡klY t
1. mr I Amr, cweÎ-AcweÎ BZ¨vw` cÖ‡kœi D‡×© †_‡K `ywbqvi mdjZv jv‡fi Rb¨ Acwinvh© ¸b¸wj †gŠwjK gvbexq
¸Y|
2. Gi Dci gvby‡li ˆbwZK mËvi wfwË ¯’vwcZ nq|
3. D‡Ïk¨ mva‡bi Rb¨ †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸b Aek¨ cÖ‡qvRb|
* †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸Yvewji wZbwU ¯ÍiÑ
1. †gŠwjK ¸b|
2. f`ªZvg~jK ¯^fve
3. c~Y©Zv`vbKvix ¸b|
# †gŠwjK ¸b 12. cwikªgwcÖqZv
1. B”Qv kw³ 13. D‡Ï‡kï AvKl©Y, wb‡Ri ü`qv‡eM
2. wm×všÍMÖnY kw³ 14. DrmM© Kivi cÖeYZv
3. cÖej evmbv 15. mZK©Zv
4. D”Pvkv 16. `~i`„wó I AšÍ`„©wó
5. wbfx©K mvnm 17. †eva kw³ I wePvi ¶gZv
6. mwnòzZv 18. cwiw¯’wZ ch©‡e¶b I Z`byhvqx wb‡R‡K M‡o
7. `„pZv †Zvjv
8. Z¨vMx g‡bvfve 19. AbyKzj Kg©bxwZ MÖnY
9. K…”QZv mvab 20. Ab¨vb¨ gvbyl‡K AvK…ó Kiv
10. exiZ¡ 21. cÖfve m„wó
11. mnbkxjZv 22. Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi ¶gZv
14
# f`ªZvg~jK ¸b t 9. mZëv`xZv
1. AvZ¥m¤§vb Ávb 10. mZ¨wcÖqZv
2. `qv-AbyMÖn 11. wek¦vm civqbZv
3. e`vb¨Zv 12. b¨vqwbôv
4. mnvbyf~wZ 13. Iqv`vc~Y© Kiv
5. my-wePvi 14. eyw×gËv
6. wbi‡c¶Zv 15. mf¨Zv
7. ü`q g‡bi cÖmviZv/wekvjZv 16. cweÎZv I cwi”QbœZv
8. `„wói D`viZv 17. AvZ¥mshg
* c~Y©Zv`vbKvix ¸Yvejx t
Ñ mgv‡Ri mgMª wKsev AwaKvsk gvbylB GKwU mvgwMÖK j¶¨‡K wb‡R‡ì Pig j¶ïƒ‡c MÖnY Ki‡e|
Ñ †m j¶¨‡K Zvi ab-m¤ú`, cÖvY, mšÍvb n‡ZI AwaK fvjevm‡e|
Ñ ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ †cÖg fvjevmv I mnvbyf~wZi g‡bvfve cÖej n‡e|
Ñ mymsMwVZ I msNe× _vK‡e|
Ñ AvZ¥`vb
Ñ fvj-g›` †bZv wbe©vP‡bi eyw× we‡ePbv
6. Bmjvgx ˆbwZKZv t
1. †gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi‡Îi weï×Kvix I cwic~iK|
2. Bmjvg †gŠwjK gvbexq PwiÎ‡K mwVK I wbfy©j †K‡›`ªi mv‡_ hy³ K‡i|
3. Bmjvg †gŠwjK gvbexq PwiÎ‡K my`„p K‡i †`q Ges Pig cÖvšÍmxgv ch©šÍ Gi †¶Î I cwiwa m¤cÖmvwiZ K‡i|
4. DbœZ ˆbwZKZvi GKwU AwZ RuvKRgKc~Y© ch©vq iPbv K‡i †`q| Gi d‡j gvbyl †mŠRb¨ I gvnv‡Z¥ï GK PzovšÍ I
D”P ch©v‡q Av‡ivnY K‡i _v‡K|
7. †bZ…Z¡ m¤ú‡K© Avjvni bxwZi mviK_v t K. Bmjvgx ˆbwZKZv I †gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi‡Î
1. †bZ…Z¡ `v‡bi e¨vcv‡i Avjvn&i wbqg I ixwZ f~wlZ|
¯’vqx (m„wó †_‡K aesm ch©šÍ) L. RvMwZK Kvh©KviY I Ro Dcvq-Dcv`vb
2. Avjvn Zvqvjv †bZ…Z¡ I KZ©…‡Z¡i PvweKvwV cÖ‡qvMKvix|
Ggb GKwU `‡ji nv‡Z b¨¯Í K‡ib hvivÑ M. mymsMwVZ `j|
†bZ…‡Z¡i eë¯’vq †gŠwjK cwieZ©b m„wói kZ© t
1. Rxe‡bi cÖ‡Z¨K †¶‡Î I wefv‡M, cÖ‡Z¨K 2. mZ¨-cÖwZôvi eÜzi c‡_ mKj cÖKvi Kzievbx
K`‡g-c`‡¶‡c Kv‡di I dv‡mKx kw³i mv‡_ w`‡Z n‡e|
Ø›Ø I cÖZ¨¶ †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z n‡e| 3. mZ¨ cªxwZi HKvwšÍK wbôv|
4. wb‡Ri AcÖwZf †hvM¨ZvI cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e|
8. †gŠwjK gvbexq I Bmjvgx ˆbwZK kw³i ZviZg¨ t
†hLv‡b ˆbwZK kw³ ej‡Z †KejgvÎ †gŠwjK gvbexq PwiÎB eySvq †mLv‡b RvMwZK Dcvq Dcv`vb I Rokw³i ¸i“Z¡
Acwimxg; †mLv‡b GKwU êlwqK Ro kw³ hw` wecyj cwigv‡Y eZ©gvb _v‡K Z‡e mvgvb¨ ˆbwZK kw³i mvnv‡h¨B †m
mvivwU `ywbqv MÖvm Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Ñ Aci `j ˆbwZK kw³‡Z †kªôZi n‡qI †KejgvÎ êlwqK kw³i Afve †nZz †m cðvrc` n‡q _vK‡e|
Ñ †hLv‡b ˆbwZK kw³ ej‡Z Bmjvgx ˆbwZKZv I †gŠwjK gvbexq PwiÎ Df‡qi cÖej kw³i mgš^q n‡e, †mLv‡b †elwqK
Rokw³i mvsNvwZK cwigv‡Y Afve n‡jI ˆbwZK kw³B Rqjvf Ki‡e|
# †gŠwjK gvbexq PwiÎ + 100% êlwqK Rokw³ = Bmjvgx ˆbwZKZv + †gŠwjK gvbexq PwiÎ + 25% êlwqK
Rokw³|
9. Bmjvgx ˆbwZKZvi Pvi ch©vqt
1. Cgvb 2. Bmjvg 3.ZvKIqv 4.Bnmvb
10. fyj aviYvi Ac‡bv`b t
Avw¤^qv‡q †Kivg AvMg‡bi D‡Ïk¨ t
Ñ gvby‡li g‡a¨ Avjvni `vmZ¡ I AvbyMZ¨ K‡i Pjvi AK…wÎg wbôv m„wó Kiv|
Ñ Avjvni mvg‡b Revew`wn m„wó Kivi cÖwZ m‡›`nvZxZ wek¦vm m„wó Kiv|
15
g~jj¶¨ t * Avw¤^qv‡q †Kiv‡gi AvMg‡bi GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨ m¤^wjZ
K. DbœZ ˆbwZK Pwi‡Îi weKvk mvab| ¸Yvejx me©v‡MÖ AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| evwn¨K w`‡Ki
L. myôz g~jbxwZi wfwË‡Z gvbe Rxe‡bi c~Y©v½ ms¯‹vi cÖ_gZ D³ ¸Yvejxi Awbevh© cwiYvg
eë¯’v cÖwZôvi Rb¨ †Póv Kiv| ¯^fveZB m¤úbœ n‡e|
M. g½j I Kj¨v‡Yi ¯^ZtùyZ© dêyaviv cÖevwnZ Kiv Ñ ZviciI †Kvb Am¤ú~Y©Zv _vK‡j µwgK Aa¨vq
N. Ab¨vq I cv‡ci mKj Drm eÜ Kiv| mg~n AwZµg Kivi m‡½ m‡½B Zv c~Y©Zv jvf
Ki‡e, Zv‡Z m‡›`n †bB|
6. m‡Zï mv¶¨
mvB‡q¨` Aveyj Avjv gI`y`x
# eBLvbv gvIjvbv gI`y`x (it) Gi 1946 mv‡j # f~wgKv t
30†k wW‡m¤î cvwK¯Ív‡bi wkqvj‡Kv‡Ui gyiv`cyi m‡¤§jb‡K `y‡Uv fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡QÑ
bvgK ¯’v‡b cÖ`Ë fvl‡Yi wjwLZ iƒc| 1. KvR K‡g©i hvPvB-evQvB I cvi¯úwiK civgk©
# eBLvbv‡K `yÕfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq t 2. mvavi‡Yi Kv‡Q Øx‡bi `vIqvZ †ck Kiv|
1. f~wgKv 2. gyj e³e¨
g~j e³e¨ t
†h welq¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡QÑ
(K) Avgv‡ì `vIqvZ (U) wewfbœ Øxwb msMVb
(L) gymjgvb‡ì `vwqZ¡ (V) Avgv‡ì `vex
(M) m‡Zï mv¶¨, mv¶¨`v‡bi ¸i“Z¡, P~ovšÍ (W) Awf‡hv‡Mi Reve, bZzb wdiKv
cÖ‡Póv, Revew`wn| (X) BRwZnv`x wel‡q Avgv‡ì AwfgZ,
(N) mv¶¨`v‡bi c×wZ (Y) †Muvovgx cwinvi|
(O) mZ¨ †Mvc‡bi kvw¯Í (Z) Av`k©ev`x Av‡›`vjb
(P) gymjgvb‡ì mgm¨v I Zvi mgvavb (_) Avgxi wbe©vPb
(Q) Avgv‡ì D‡Ïk¨ (`) c„_K `j MV‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
(R) Avgv‡ì Kvh©c×wZ (a) Avgxi ebvg †bZv
(S) msMVb cÖwZôv (b) Bmjv‡gi cÖK…wZ
(T) Kv‡Ri wZbwU c_ (c) hvKvZ Av`v‡qi AwaKvi I evqZzjgvj
* Avgv‡ì `vIqvZ t
Avgiv `yB †kªYxi †jvK‡K `vIqvZ w`‡q _vwK - 1. eskMZ gymjgvb 2. gymjgvb bq Ggb me gvbe‡Mvôx‡K
gymjgv‡bi `vwqZ¡
1. †h wel‡qi Dci Cgvb Avbv n‡q‡Q Zvi mv¶xiƒ‡c `ywbqvevmxi mvg‡b nvwRi nIqv|
2. mg¯Í gvby‡li mvg‡b cy‡ivcywi m‡Zï mv¶x n‡q `vov‡bv
Avj-vni evYx t Iqv KvhvwjKv RvAvjbvKzg D¤§vZuvI IqvmvZvwjKvKzb ïnv`vAv Avjvbœvm| Iqv KzÕbyi ivm~-jv AvjvBKzg
kvwn`v| (evKvivn-143)
* m‡Zï mv¶¨ t
Ñ mv¶¨`v‡bi ¸i“Z¡ Ñ PzovšÍ cÖ‡Póv Ñ Revew`wn
* mv¶¨`v‡bi c×wZ t 2wU
1. †gŠwLK mv¶¨`vb
2. ev¯Íe mv¶¨`vb
Ñ mv¶¨`v‡bi c~YZ © v Ñ †gŠwLK mv¶¨ we‡klY Ñev¯Íe mv¶¨ we‡klY
* mZ¨ †Mvc‡bi kvw¯Í t
1. `ywbqvi c‡` c‡` jvÂbv Avi Acgv‡bi ¯^xKvi 3. ciKv‡j kvw¯Í
2. †kvlY, wbh©vZb, wbcxob e„w×
16
* gymjgvb‡ì mgm¨v I Zvi mgvavbÑ
Ñ Avmj mgm¨v Ñ Avgv‡ì Kg©c×wZ
Ñ Avgv‡ì D‡Ïk¨ Ñ msMVb cÖwZôv
* Kv‡Ri wZbwU c_ t
1. hw` fv‡jv g‡b K‡ib Avgv‡ì mv‡_ kvwgj n‡q hvb|
2. bv nq Ab¨ †Kvb fv‡jv Bmjvgx msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ †nvb|
3. G‡ZI bv n‡j-LuvwU Bmjvgx cš’vq GKwU mymsnZ RvgvqvZ MVb Ki“b|
* wewfbœ Øxwb msMVb
* Avgv‡ì `vex
* Awf‡hv‡Mi Reve
# bZzb wdiKv Pvifv‡M wef³ t
1. Øx‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©nxb †KvbwKQy‡K Øx‡bi g‡a¨ kvwgj K‡i--- gvcKvwV wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv|
2. †Kvb gvmvAvjv †K KziAvb mybœvni PvB‡Z ¸i“Z¡ †`qv|
3. BR‡Znv`x wel‡q evovevwo Kiv|
4. †Kvb e¨w³‡K wb‡q AwZwi³ evovevwo Kiv|
* Bmjv‡gi cÖK…wZ t
* hvKvZ Av`v‡qi AwaKvi * evqZzj gvj
7. Bmjvgx †i‡bmuv Av‡›`vjb

mvB‡q¨` Aveyj Avjv gI`y`x (it)
◙ eBwU 3wU fv‡M wef³ t
1. f~wgKv 2. g~j Av‡jvPbv 3. cwiwkó
@ f~wgKv t
* †i‡bmuvÑcybR©vMiY
* gyRvwÏ` t
†h e¨w³ Øxb‡K bZzb K‡i mÄxweZ I m‡ZR K‡i †Zv‡jb|
* AÁZvi Kvi‡Y mvaviY gvbyl Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m Ggb e¨w³‡ì gyRvwÏ` AvL¨v w`‡q‡Q hviv c~‡e©Kvi gbxlx‡ì Kv‡Ri
wbLuyZ ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z A¶g|
* ZvR`x` Ñ ms¯‹vi
ZvR`x` m¤ú‡K© AwaKvsk †jv‡Ki ¯^”Q aviYv †bB|
* eZ©gv‡b Avgv‡ì‡K Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi ms¯‹vi I cyb‡iv¾xe‡b cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡Z n‡jÑ
K. fw³-kª×v I A¯úóZvi Øviv †Kvb KvR Kiv Pj‡e bv|
L. AZxZ BwZnv‡mi cvZvq `„wó wbe× Ki‡Z n‡e|
M. weMZ kZvãx‡Z Avgv‡ì †bZ…e„›` KZUv KvR wKfv‡e K‡i‡Qb Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e|
N. Avgiv Zuv‡ì KvR †_‡K KZUzKz jvfevb n‡Z cvwi|
O. Zuv‡ì Am¤úbœ KvR †Kvb¸wj Rvb‡Z n‡e|
g~j Av‡jvPbv t
g~j c‡q›U 6wU
mvec‡qÈ-36wU
g~j Av‡jvPbvq 5wU w`KÑ 4. kvn Iqvjx Djvn †`njfxi Kvh©vejx
1. Bmjvg I Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi Av`wk©K I HwZnvwmK 5. mvB‡q¨` Avn‡g` †ewijfx I kvn BmjgvBj
`Ü knx` (it)
2. gyRvwÏ‡ì KvR 6. cwiwkó
3. gymwjg RvwZi KwZcq eo gyRvwÏ` I Zv‡ì
Kvh©vejx|
17
Bmjvg I Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi Av`wk©K I HwZnvwmK Ø›Ø t AwZcÖK…Z (Metaphysical) gZev`
Rxeb m¤ú‡K© PviwU gZev` t
1. wb‡f©Rvj Rv‡nwjqvZ 2. †kK©wgwkªZ Rv‡nwjqvZ 3. êivMëv`x Rv‡nwjqvZ 4. Bmjvg
* wb‡f©Rvj Rv‡nwjqvZ t 6. Kviv MÖnY K‡i : ¯^v_©ev`xiv
1. c„w_ex m„wóÑAvKw¯§K NUbvi ev¯Íe cÖKvk gvÎ| 7. gymjgvb‡ì I A‡b‡K MÖnY K‡i
2. gvbyl m„wói D‡Ïk¨Ñ m„wói wcQ‡b †Kvb cÖÁv, 8. djvdj
mw`”Qv I gnvb D‡Ïk¨ Kvh©Kix †bB K. e¨w³RxebÑ cÖZviK
3. Áv‡bi DrmÑ gvby‡li AwfÁZv L. mgvR Rxeb ¯^v_©ci †bZ…Z¡
4. Revew`wnZvi Abyf~wZ †bB M. ivóªxq Rxeb
5. cvw_©e Rxeb me©¯^
* †kK©wgwkªZ Rv‡nwjqvZ t
mviK_vÑ `ywU t
1. wek¦Rvnv‡bi G eë¯’v †Kvb NUbvµwgK cÖKvk bq Ges †Lv`vnxb I bq|
2. wKš‘ GKwU †Lv`v bq, eû †Lv`v Av‡Q|
* Dc‡iv³ `yB Rv‡nwjqvZ‡K cÖvqB ci¯úi‡K mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z †`Lv †M‡QÑ
mn‡hvwMZvi KviYÑ
1. ˆbwZK PwiÎ I Kv‡Ri †¶‡Î Dfq ¯’v‡b †Kvb cv_©K¨ †bB|
2. wk¶v, wkí, `k©b, mvwnZ¨, ivRbxwZ, A_©bxwZ cÖf„wZi Rb¨ †kK©wgwkªZ gZev` †Kvb c„_K g~jbxwZ mieivn K‡ibv|
3. wb‡f©Rvj Rv‡njx mgvR †h mg¯Í ZgyÏywbK c×wZ Aej¤^b K‡i, gykwiK mgvR I †m¸‡jv MÖnY Ki‡Z m`v cÖ¯‘Z|
* êivMëv`x Rv‡nwjqvZ t
êwkó¨ t
1. c„w_ex GKwU KvivMvi
K. gvby‡li cÖvY GKwU kvw¯Í †fvMx K‡q`x|
L. mg¯Í Av‡gv`-Avnjv`, Kvgbv, evmbv ¯^v` I ˆ`wnK cÖ‡qvRb GB KvivMv‡ii †kKj I †jvnvi †eox gvÎ|
M. c„w_ex‡K fvjevm‡j kvw¯Í †c‡Z n‡e|
G‡ì g‡Z bvRvZ jv‡fi Dcvq n‡jvÑ
1. Rxe‡bi hveZxq Avb›` D”Qvm †_‡K m¤úK©nxb n‡Z 5. hveZxq †cÖg-fvjevmv‡K ü`q †_‡K wbwðý K‡i w`‡Z
n‡e| n‡e|
2. mg¯Í Kvgbv evmbv‡K wbgy©j Ki‡Z n‡e| 6. †`n I Bw›`ªqiƒc kÎ“‡K Z¨vM I mvabvi gva¨‡g cxob
3. mKj cÖKvi †fvM cwinvi Ki‡Z n‡e| Ki‡Z n‡e|
4.ˆ`wnK cÖ‡qvRb I Bw›`ª‡qi `vexmg~n A¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e|
# cÖ_g `yB ai‡bi Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi mv‡_ Z…ZxqwU wZb c×wZ‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|
1. mr I ag©fxi“‡ì‡K `ywbqv wegyL K‡i `yó‡ì‡K ¶gZvq emvq|
2. ivRv-ev`kvn, Avgxi-Igivn I agx©q KZ…Z © ¡kvjx †kªYx cÖPvi I cÖmv‡i AvMÖn †`Lvq|
3. myweavev`x nevi †¶‡Î mnvqZv K‡i|
* Bmjv‡gi mv‡_ we‡iva t
1. cÖ_g AvNvZ n‡jvÑ(†Lv`vi Øx‡bi Ici) †m `ywbqv‡K Kg©¯’j cix¶v¯îƒc I ciKv‡ji K…wl‡¶‡Îi cwie‡Z©
Ò`vi“j AvRveÓ I ÒgvqvRvjÓ wn‡m‡e gvby‡li mvg‡b †ck K‡i|
2. gvbyl fy‡j hvq †h, Zv‡K G c„w_ex‡Z Avjvni cÖwZwbwa wbhy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
3. †m g‡b Ki‡Z _v‡K †h, Bev`Z e‡›`Mx Ges KwZcq we‡kl agx©q KvR Rxe‡bi †Mvbvnmg~‡ni Kvddviv ¯îƒc|
* Bmjvg t
PZz_© AwZcÖK…Z G gZev`wU †ck K‡i‡Qb Avjvni bexMY-hvi msw¶ßmvi wbgœiƒc|
1. mªóvi cwiPq t mg¯Í ¶gZv c~Y©Zt GKRb gvwjK I kvm‡Ki nv‡Z †K›`ªxf~Z whwb G mvgªvR¨ m„wó K‡i‡Qb| wZwbB Gi
gvwjK GKgvÎ kvmK I cwiPvjK| G mvgªv‡R¨ Avi Kv‡iv ûKzg P‡j bv, mevB Zuvi wb‡`©‡ki AbyMZ|
2. gvby‡li cwiPq t
gvbyl‡K c~Y© ¯^vaxbZv †`qv nqwb|
gvby‡li Rb¨ G cvw_©e Rxeb GKwU cix¶vKvj|
18
gyRvwÏ‡ì KvR t
Bmjvg‡K Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi `~wlZ cvwb †_‡K †Qu‡K c„_K K‡i wb‡q †Kv‡bv bv †Kvb ch©v‡q Zv‡K Zvi mwZ¨Kvi wb‡f©Rvj
AvK…wZ‡Z cybe©vi AMÖmi Kiv‡bvi cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bvB gyRvwÏ‡ì KvR|
gyRvwÏ‡ì msÁv / êwkó¨
Ñ ¯^”Q wPšÍvi AwaKvix| Ñ hy‡Mi weK…Z MwZavivi m‡½ hy× Kivi ¶gZv I
Ñ mZ¨ Dcjwä Kivi gZ Mfxi `„wóm¤úbœ| mvnm|
Ñ eµZv †`vlgy³ mij eyw×e„wË‡Z Zuvi g‡bvRMZ Ñ †bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¥MZ †hvM¨Zv|
cwic~Y©| Ñ BRwZnv` I cybM©V‡bi A¯^vfvweK ¶gZv |
Ñ (ga¨gcš’v Aej¤^bKvix) Ñ Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© wØavgy³ cwic~Y© Áv‡bi AwaKvix|
Ñ cÖvwšÍKZvi wec`gy³ n‡q ga¨g cš’v Aej¤^‡bi Ñ `„wóf½x I eyw×Áv‡bi w`K w`‡q c~Y© gymjgvb|
cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z wb‡Ri fvimvg¨ i¶v Kivi we‡kl Ñ m~² †_‡K m~²Zi e¨vcv‡i Bmjvg I
†hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ| Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi gv‡S cv_©K¨ Kiv|
Ñ kZvãxi c~Äxf~Z I cÖwZwôZ we‡Ølgy³ n‡q wPšÍv Ñ AbymÜvb Pvwj‡q `xN©Kv‡ji RwUj AveZ© †_‡K
Kivi kw³| mZ¨‡K DwV‡q †bqv|
bex I gyRvwÏ‡ì g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ t
1. bex Hkx wb‡`©‡k Zuvi c‡_ wbhy³ nb| 5. wZwb gvbyl‡K wb‡Ri w`‡K Avnevb K‡ib|
2. wZwb wb‡Ri wb‡qvM m¤ú‡K© AewnZ _v‡Kb| 6. Zuvi `vIqvZ MÖnY Kiv ev bv Kivi Dci gvby‡li gywgb
3. Zuvi wbKU Inx bvwhj nq| I Kv‡di nIqv wbf©ikxj|
4. beyIqv‡Zi `vexi gva¨‡gB wZwb wb‡Ri Kv‡Ri m~Pbv 7. wecixZ c‡¶ gyRvwÏ` Gi g‡a¨ GKwUiI AwaKvix
K‡ib| bb|
* gyRvwÏ‡ì KvR t 5. mwµq ms¯‹vi cÖ‡Póv|
1. wb‡Ri cwi‡e‡ki wbfy©j wPÎvsKb 6. Øx‡bi wewfbœ †¶‡Î BRwZnv` Kivi cÖ‡Póv
2. ms¯‹v‡ii cwiKíbv cÖYqb| 7. cÖwZi¶vg~jK cÖ‡Póv
3. wb‡Ri mxgv-cwimxgv wba©viY| 8. Bmjvgx eë¯’vi cybi“¾xeb|
4. wPšÍviv‡R¨ wece m„wói cÖ‡Póv 9. wek¦Rbxb wece m„wó|
* Kv‡gj ev Av`k© gyRvwÏ` t
1. c„w_ex‡Z GL‡bv †Kv‡bv Kv‡gj gyRvwÏ‡ì 2. Lwjdv Dgi Be‡b Ave`yj Avhxh (it) Was nearer to that
Avwef©ve N‡Uwb| 3. Kv‡gj gyRvwÏ` n‡ebÑBgvg~j †g‡n`x|
Bgvg †g‡n`x t
cÖPwjZ aviYv t
1. Bgvg †g‡n`x cyivZb hy‡Mi †Kvb mydx ai‡bi †jvK n‡eb|
2. Zmwen nv‡Z wb‡q AK¯§vr †Kvb gvìvmv ev LvbKvn †_‡K †ei n‡q ÔAvbvj †gn`xÕ AvwgB †g‡n`x e‡j PZzw`©‡K †NvlYv
K‡i †`‡eb|
3. Ijvgv kvqLMY wKZve c‡Îi mv‡_ wgwj‡q wbwðZ Ki‡eb I evBqvZ n‡eb|
4. wRnv‡ì WvK w`‡eb Ges †`vqv-ì“`-†R‡Ki Zmweni †Rv‡i hy× Rq n‡e|
†jL‡Ki aviYv (Abyaveb)
1. Zuvi wb‡Ri hy‡Mi m¤ú~Y© AvaywbK ai‡bi †bZv n‡eb| 4. ivR‰bwZK cÖÁv I weP¶YZv I hy×we`¨vq cvi`wk©Zvi
2. mgKvjxb Ávb weÁv‡b wZwb n‡eb gyRZvwn‡ì b¨vq w`K w`‡q mgMÖ we‡k¦ wZwb wb‡R‡K †kªô cÖgvwYZ Ki‡eb|
Mfxi Ávb m¤úbœ| 5. mKj AvaywbK‡ì PvB‡Z †ekx AvaywbK cÖgvwYZ n‡eb|
3.Rxe‡bi mKj mgm¨v‡K wZwb fvjfv‡e Dcjwä Ki‡eb|
†g‡n`xi Kv‡Ri aib m¤ú‡K© †jL‡Ki aviYvÑ
1. Zuvi Kv‡Ri †Kvb As‡k †KivgwZ, A¯^vfvweKZv, Kvkd, njnvg, wPjv I gyRvnv`v gyivKvevi †Kv‡bv ¯’vb †bB|
2. GKRb wecex †bZv‡K †hfv‡e G `ywbqvi Ø›Ø, msMÖvg I cÖ‡Póvi ch©vq AwZµg Ki‡Z nq, Bgvg †g‡n`x‡K I Abyiƒc
ch©vq AwZµg Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. wZwb wb‡f©Rvj Bmjv‡gi wfwË‡Z GKwU bZzb School of thought M‡o Zzj‡eb|
4. gvby‡li wPšÍv I gvbwmKZvi cwieZ©b Ki‡eb|
5. GKwU wecyj kw³ai Av‡›`vjb M‡o Zzj‡eb|
6. Av‡›`vjb GKB m‡½ ivR‰bwZK I mvs¯‹…wZK DfqB nB‡e|
7. GKwU kw³kvjx Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôv Ki‡eb|
19
bex‡ì wgkb t
cÖ‡Z¨K bexB ivR‰bwZK wece m„wói †Póv K‡i‡QbÑ
K. A‡b‡Ki cÖ‡Póv †Kej †¶Î cÖ¯‘Z Kivi ch©všÍB wQj|
L. A‡b‡K-wecex Av‡›`vjb ïi“ K‡iwQ‡jb; wKš‘ ÔûKzgv‡Z BjvwnqvÕ Kv‡qg Kivi Av‡MB Zuv‡ì KvR †kl n‡q
wM‡qwQj| †hgb t Cmv (Avt)
M. A‡b‡K G Av‡›`vjb‡K mvd‡jï gwÄ‡j †cuŠwQ‡q w`‡q‡QbÑ
Ñ nhiZ BDmyd (Avt)
Ñ nhiZ gymv (Avt)
Ñ nhiZ gyn¤§` gy¯dÍ v mvj-vj-vû AvjvBwn Iqvmvj-vg|
bexi KvR t
1. mvaviY gvby‡li gv‡S wPšÍvi wece m„wó Kiv|
2. wb‡f©Rvj Bmjvgx wk¶vq cÖfvweZ GKwU kw³kvjx `j MVb|
3. Bmjvgx ivóª eë¯’v Kv‡qg K‡i ZgyÏy‡bi mg¯Í wefvM‡K wb‡f©Rvj Bmjv‡gi wfwË‡Z cybM©wVZ Kiv|
* †Ljvd‡Z iv‡k`v
1. nhiZ gynv¤§` (m.) †ZBk eQi beyIqZx wR‡›`Mx‡Z †h mg¯Í KvR c~Y©iƒ‡c m¤úv`b K‡ib|
2. Avey eKi wmwÏK (iv.) I Igi dvi“K (iv.) Gi †bZ…Z¡|
3. Dmgvb (iv.) Gi kvmbvg‡ji 1g w`KKvi mgq|
* Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi AvµgY
1. nhiZ Dmgvb (ivt) wki w`‡qI Rv‡nwjqvZ‡K cÖwZnZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb|
2. nhiZ Avjx (ivt) knx` n‡q‡Qb wKš‘ Rv‡nwjqvZ AcmvwiZ nqwb|
3. ˆ¯îvPvi Avi ivRZ‡š¿i aviKiv ¶gZv `Lj K‡i †bq|
4. Rv‡nwjqvZ K¨vÝv‡ii b¨vq mgv‡R Qwo‡q c‡o|
5. Rv‡nwjqvZ Ijvgv-gvkv‡qLMY‡K êivMëv`x K‡i †Zv‡j|
gyRvwÏ‡ì cÖ‡qvRb t
K. Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi nvZ †_‡K gy³ nIqvi Rb¨
L. Øx‡bi ev¯Íe cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨|
gymwjg RvwZi KwZcq eo eo gyRvwÏ` t 6. Bgvg Mvhhvjx (it)
1. Lwjdv Dgi Be‡b Avhxh 7. Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv (it)
2. Bgvg Avey nvwbdv (ivt) 8. kvn IqvjxDjvn †`njfx
3. Bgvg Avey kv‡dqx (it) 9. kvn BmgvCj knx`
4. Bgvg Avng` Be‡b nv¤^j (it) 10. mvB‡q¨` Avng` †ewijfx
5. Bgvg gv‡jK (it)
kvnIqvjxDjvn †`njfx (it) Gi Kvh©vejxÑ
`yÕfv‡M wef³Ñ
1. mgv‡jvPbv I ms‡kvabg~jK
2. MVbg~jK
* mvB‡q¨` Avng` †ewijfx (it) I BmgvCj knx` (it) Gi Av‡›`vjb e¨_© nevi KviY
1. ZvmvD‡di e¨vcv‡i gymjgvb‡ì †ivM cy‡ivcywi Abyaveb Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb|
2. †h GjvKvq Ae¯’vb K‡i wRnv` cwiPvjbv K‡ib Ges †hLv‡b Bmjvgx ûKzgvZ Kv‡qg K‡ib, †m GjvKvwU c~e© †_‡K
G wec‡ei Rb¨ fvjfv‡e cÖ¯‘Z K‡ibwb|
3. AvaywbK Ávb-weÁv‡b AbMÖmiZv|
* Dcgnv‡`‡ki 5Rb gynvwÏm

1. kvn-IqvjxDjvn †`njfx 3. kvqLyj wn›` BmgvBj †`njfx
2. gvngy`yj nvmvb †`njfx 4. kvn AvwRRyi ingvb
20
8. †n`vqvZ
mvB‡q¨` Aveyj Avjx gI`y`x
eBwU g~jZÑ13 b‡f¤î 1951 mv‡j KivwP‡Z AbywôZ Rvgvqv‡Zi Pviw`b e¨vcx m‡¤§j‡bi mgvcbx w`‡b cÖ`Ë gvIjvbvi
fvlY|
1983 m‡b eB AvKv‡i †n`vqvZ bv‡g Qvcv‡bv nq|
†n`vqvZÑ (kãwU wewfbœfv‡e 314 evi KziAv‡b G‡m‡Q)
K. c‡_i w`kv L. Av‡jvKewZ©Kv M. iv¯Ív †`Lv‡bv N. bxj bKkv
`y‡Uv A_©Ñ1. iv¯Ív †`Lv‡bv 2. †cuŠwQ‡q w`‡q Avmv
g~j D‡Ïk¨ 3. B. Av. Gi Kgx©‡ì mwVK gv‡bvbœqb|
1. gvby‡li cÖK…Z cwiPq †ck 4. Ava¨vwZ¥K kw³ Øviv gq`vb `Lj|
2. gvbyl I Avj-vni m¤úK© 5. BnKvjxb Kj¨vY I ciKvjxb gyw³|
†gvU 17/18wU wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q
Avjvni mv‡_ m¤úK©
1. Avjvn‡K fq Kiv 4. mšÍvbmn AvZ¥xq¯^Rb‡ì mv‡_ Zvi mš‘wói
2. g‡b cÖv‡Y Zuvi cÖwZ fw³fve †cvlY I m¤úK© Rb¨B m¤úK© ivLv|
NwbôKiY| 5. †`k I RvwZi †L`g‡Z (GKB D‡Ï‡k¨)
1. AvwK`v wek¦v‡mi e¨vcv‡i Avjvni cÖwZ Cgvb| wb‡R‡K wb‡qvM Kiv|
2. Bev`‡Zi †ejvq Avjvni mwnZ wbweoZi 6. Avjvni mv‡_ m¤úK© e„w×i Rb¨ mve©¶wYK
m¤úK© ¯’vcb| wPšÍv
3. ˆbwZK Pwi‡Î Avjvni fq Ges †jb‡`‡b
Avjvni m‡šÍvl AR©b|
m¤úK© †Kb e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e t
1. bex ivm~j‡ì wb‡`©k L. mKj Avkv AvKv•Lv GKgvÎ Avjvni Rb¨|
2. Avgv‡ì msMV‡bi j¶¨ M. Avj-vni mv‡_ m¤úK© e„w×i Rb¨ mve©¶wYK
3. Av‡›`vj‡bi mdjZvi Rb¨ wPšÍv|
K. Avjvni mv‡_ Mfxi m¤úK©
AvwK`v t Ggb wbw`©ó wKQy welq hv †`Lv hvqbv But Avjvn A_ev ivmyj e‡j w`‡q‡Qb, mdjZv Av‡m Avjvni mv‡_
m¤ú‡K©i wfwË‡ZB|
Avjvni mv‡_ m¤ú‡K©i A_© t
1. Rxeb giY mewKQy Avj-vni Rb¨ nIqv| (Avbqvg-162)
2. c~Y© GKvMÖZvi (Lv‡jQfv‡e) Zuvi Bev`Z Kiv| (eBwq¨bvn-5)
3. cÖKv‡k¨ I †Mvc‡b Avjvn‡K fq Kiv|
4. wb‡Ri Dcvq DcKiY bq eis Avjvni Dci fimv‡KB cÖvavb¨ †Ìqv| Avjvni mš‘wói Rb¨ gvby‡li
weivMfvRb nIqv
5. fvjevmv-N„Yv Kiv, `vb Kiv-bv Kiv Avj-vni Rb¨| eÜzZ¡-kÎ“Zv Avjvni Rb¨|
6. Mfxi iv‡Z Avjvn‡K WvKv (†`vqv KzbyZ, Zvnv¾y`)
m¤úK© ¯’vcb wKfv‡eÑ
1. Avjvn‡K Bjvn wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv| [mgMÖ we‡k¦i gvwjK e‡j ¯^xK…wZ †`qv]
2. cÖfy‡Z¡i hveZxq ¶gZv Avjvni Rb¨ wbe× Kiv| [wkiKgy³ nIqv]
3. AšÍi‡K wbg©j I cweÎ ivLv|
m¤úK© e„w×i DcvqÑ
K. wPšÍv-M‡elYv
L. ev¯Íe KvR
K. wPšÍv M‡elYv t
Ñ KziAvb nv`xm ey‡S ey‡S cov/evievi cov [AšÍwb©wnZ-fve eySvi †Póv Kiv]
Avgvi Ae¯’v
Avj-vni nK
21
Ñ AvZ¥we‡klY =
L. ev¯Íe KvR t
Ñ wbôvi mv‡_ Avjvni AvbyMZ¨ Kiv| wbôv t Result Ñ Kzievbx Kiv|
bv cvIqv ch©šÍ †j‡M _vKv Ñ Kzievbxi cÖPvi K‡i bv †eov‡bv |
Ñ me©ve¯’vq Avjvni mš‘wó Kvgbv|
Ñ mr KvR Kiv-wbwl× KvR †_‡K weiZ _vKv
Result :
1. hveZxq Kvh©Kjvc ZvKIqvi ch©v‡q DcbxZ n‡e|
2. Gi cieZx© Kg©cš’v Avcbv‡K Bnmv‡bi ¯Í‡i DbœxZ ivL‡e|
* Avjvni mv‡_ m¤úK© weKvk mva‡bi DcKiY t
mvjvZ t dih bvgvRÑdiR I IqvwRe Aek¨B Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e mybœZ I bdj-(bd‡j †MvcbxqZv i¶v cÖ‡qvRb) mvjv‡Zi
c~Y©Zv w`‡e)
Avj-vni whKi t 2. wPšÍv I fveaviv m¤ú‡K© ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv|
1. ivm~j (mt) Gi cš’vq whKi Kiv | (wb‡R‡K cÖk)œ
2. Kw_Z mydxiv †hfv‡e K‡i †mfv‡e bq| 1. Avjvni mv‡_ Kiv Pzw³ KZUzKz Av`vq n‡”Q?
3. ivmyj (mt) Abym„Z †`vqv, Avjvni whKi gyL¯’ 2. Avgvi mgq, kªg, cÖwZfv, †hvM¨Zv, abm¤ú`, †Kvb
K‡i †bqvI| c‡_ e¨q n‡”Q?
mvIg t dih mvI‡gi cvkvcvwk bdj mvIg cÖ‡Z¨K 3. wb‡Ri ¯^v‡_© bv Avjvni we‡`ªv‡n gb †ewk Kuv‡`?
gv‡m| 4. Avjvni cÖ`Ë Avgvb‡Zi h_v_©¨ eënvi n‡”Q wKbv?
Avj-vni iv¯Ívq A_© LiP t ïay dihB bq, mva¨vbymv‡i * c„w_ex cix¶v‡K›`ª
bdjI cix¶vi welq t †Ljvd‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvjb|
1. G‡¶‡Î cwigvY we‡eP¨ bq| cix¶vq cvk-RvbœvZx nIqv
2. eis Zvi mvg‡_©ï KZUzKz Kzievbx Kij/ nj * wb‡Ri ¯^v_© ¶zbœ n‡j âh©¨Pz¨wZ nq wKbv
ZvB we‡eP¨| * Av‡Liv‡Zi wPšÍv jvjb t
3. mv`Kv ZvKIqv‡K cvKv‡cv³ K‡i| Gi `ywU DcvqÑ
* Avjvni mv‡_ m¤úK© hvPvB‡qi Dcvq t 1. wPšÍv I Av`k©g~jK|
1. wb‡Ri Rxeb I Kg© cÖ‡Póv 2. ev¯Íe Kg©cš’v|
1. wPšÍv I Av`k©g~jK t
K. KziAvb Aa¨qb L. nv`xm cvV M. Kei whqviZ
2. ev¯Íe Kg©cš’v t
K. AvZ¥ ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv L. wb‡Ri †PóvqB ¸b m„wó nq|
* Ah_v AnwgKv eR©b t
1. Gfv‡e Me© Kiv hv‡e bv †h
Ñ Avgiv c~Y©Zv jvf K‡iwQ|
Ñ Avgiv mKj †hvM¨Zv nvwmj K‡iwQ|
2. AvZ¥ïw×i wZbwU c_ t
K. Kv‡gwjqv‡Zi †Kvb mxgv cwimxgv †bB|
L. Av`k© gvby‡li Av`k© mvg‡b ivLv|
M. Î“wU ¯^xKvi
i. webq cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ bq
ii. AvšÍwiK ¯^xK…wZi Rb¨|
iii.cwiïw×i Rb¨|
* †Uªwbs †K›`ªmg~‡ni DcKvwiZv t

K. wk¶vg~jK t
22
Ñ KziAvb nv`xm wk¶v| Ñ msMV‡bi cÖ‡qvbxq eB Rvbv|
Ñ †dKvni AvnKvg wk¶v| Ñ Bmjvgx mgv‡Ri ev¯Íe iƒcvqb|
L. Abykxjbg~jK t
Ñ ¯^”Q cwi‡e‡k emevm Kiv| Ñ mKj wPšÍv Øx‡bi Rb¨ †K›`ªxf~Z Kiv|
Ñ cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZvq Î“wU `~i Kiv
(Gn‡Zmve)
* wb‡Ri Ni mvgjvb t
1. wb‡Ri cwievi‡K BmjvgxKxKiY|
2. wbR mšÍv‡bi cvkvcvwk eÜzi mšÍvb‡KI j¶¨ ivLv|
* ci¯úwiK ms‡kvab I Zvi cš’v t
K. Kv‡iv cÖwZ Awf‡hvM _vK‡j
Ñ Zvovû‡ov bv Kiv| Ñ welqwU fvjfv‡e Rvbv|
L. GiciÑ
Ñ cÖ_g mv¶v‡ZB wbR©‡b Avjvc Ñ GiciI cÖ‡qvRb g‡b Ki‡j êV‡K welqwU
Ñ ZviciI ms‡kvab bv n‡j mswkó Avwgi‡K Dc¯’vcb Kiv|
Rvbv‡bv|
* mgv‡jvPbvi mwVK cš’v t
1. mKj ¯’v‡b me mgq Av‡jvPbv bv Kiv| 4. †hŠw³K Awf‡hv‡Mi mgv‡jvPbv Kiv|
2. AvZ¥ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g mgv‡jvPbv Kiv| 5. mgv‡jvPbv K_v KvUvKvwU‡Z cwiYZ bv nIqv|
3. ms‡kvabxg~jK †gvjv‡qg fvlvq|
* hvi mgv‡jvPbv n‡”Q Zvi KvR t
1. âh©¨ mnKv‡i mgv‡jvPbv †kvbv| 3. mgv‡jvPbv ï‡b ivMvwš^Z bv nIqv|
2. mZ¨ Ask †hvw³Kfv‡e LÊb|
* AvbyMZ¨ I wbqg k„sLjv msi¶Y t
1. wbqg-k„•LjvB Avgv‡ì eo nvwZqvi| 3. †bZvi †bK Kv‡Ri AvbyMZ¨ IqvwRe|
2. Avgv‡ì eZ©gvb k„sLjv h‡_ó bq| 4. wbtms‡Kv‡P AvbyMZ¨ Kiv|
* †bZ…e„‡›ì cÖwZ t
Ñ wb‡R KZ©vwMwi bv Kiv Ñ Dc‡`kB n‡e wb‡`©k Ggb cwi‡ek Mov|
Ñ mK‡ji mv‡_ GKB AvPiY bv Kiv| Ñ wb‡`©k ewÂZ|
* †kl Dc‡`k t
1. Avjvni c‡_ A_© e¨‡q Af¨¯Í nDb| 3. Øxb Kv‡q‡g Kg©x©‡ì †c‡ikvwb e„w× Ki“b|
2. wb‡R gymjgvb nDb, c‡KU‡KI gymjgvb 4. evwZj‡ì mv‡_ †c‡ikvwbi Zzjbv Ki“b|
Ki“b|
* we‡ivwaZvi aiYÑ
Ñ wg_¨v cÖPviYv Ñ Acev` iUv‡bv|
Kviv we‡ivaxZv K‡i t
Ñ ¶gZvmxb‡ì †bZ…e„›`| Ñ wewfbœ †Mvgivn `j|
Ñ Zv‡ì gZev` cyó cÎcwÎKv| Ñ wKQy Av‡jgI kvwgj nq|
Ñ cvðv‡Zï bvw¯ÍKMY|
†gvKv‡ejvi Dcvq t
1. D‡ËwRZ bv nIqv 5. we‡ivaxZv‡K BwZevPK wn‡m‡e †bqv|
2. we‡ivax Avwjg‡ì N„bv bv Kiv| 6. †hLv‡b Avgv‡ì Kzrmv iwPZ n‡”Q †mLv‡b
3. evwn‡ii we‡ivaxZvi †gvKv‡ejv Avwgi Ki‡eb| wb‡R‡ì cwiPq †`qv|
4. we‡ivaxZvi Rev‡e mxgvjsNb bv Kiv| 7. Avwjg‡ì eySv‡bv|
Avjvni mv‡_ m¤úK© hvPvB
1. Avjvn Avgv‡ì gwbe Avgiv Zvi †Mvjvg 3. Revew`wni Abyf~wZ|
2. Pzw³
23
9. fv½v I Mov
mvB‡q` Aveyj Avjv gI`~`
fywgKv :-
fviZ wefv‡Mi c~e©v‡ü c~e©-cvÄv‡e ‡h cv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½v msNwUZ nq Zvi wZb gvm c~‡e© 1947 mv‡ji 10B †g
cvVvb †Kv‡Ui `vi“j Bmjv‡g AbywôZ mvaviY mfvq mvB‡q` Aveyj Avjv gI`~`x (i:) cÖ`Ë e³„Zv|
cÖwZcv`¨ welq:-
 m„óªvi GB my›ì c„w_ex‡K aŸsmvZ¥K Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g bv fvw½‡q MVbg~jK Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g Mwo‡Z †`kevmx‡K D™¢~Ø
K‡ib, Ges hv‡ì MVbg~jK Kv‡Ri ‡hvM¨Zv †ekx, cÖvK…wZK wbq‡gi MwZavivq Zv‡ì nv‡ZB †h KZ…Z¡ Avwm‡e,
Avjvni †mB kvk¦Zv weavb I ¯§ib KivBqv †`b|
 D³ e³„Zv cyw¯—KvKv‡i- ÒevbvI AvIi weMviÓ bv‡g D`©~ fvlvq cÖKvwkZ nBqv‡Q|
 evsjv fvlvq Bnv Òfv½v I MovÓ bv‡g cÖKvwkZ nBqv‡Q|
gyj eB t-
Avjvni cÖksmv Av`vq K‡i gvIjvbv gI`~`x (i:) Zvi e³„Zv ïi“ K‡iY|
mg‡eZ f`ªgÛjx I gwnjve„›`, wZwb Av‡bK ¸‡jv K_v ejvi ci GK_vI e‡jb ‡h, Avjvn Mov cQ›` K‡ib
Ges fv½v cQ›` K‡ib bv| ‡h mg¯— †jvK `ywbqv cwiPvjbvi ¶gZv jvf Ki‡Z Pvq Zv‡ì †fZi †_‡K †KejgvÎ ZvivB
Avjvni `„wó‡Z †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ nq, hviv G `ywbqv‡K Movevi †hvM¨Zv Ab¨ mevi †P‡q †ekx iv‡L| Gi“c ‡hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ
†jvK‡ì‡KB wZwb `ywbqv cwiPvjbvi Ac©b K‡i _v‡Kb| AZ:ci Gme ¶gZvmxb †jv‡Kiv KZUzKz fv‡½ Ges KZUzKz M‡o
†mw`‡K wZwb Zx¶è `„wó iv‡Lb| hZ¶b ch©š— Zviv fv½vi †P‡q Mov‡Z _v‡K †ewk Ges Zv‡ì ‡P‡q †ekx M‡o I Kg fv‡½
Ggb †KD Kg©‡¶‡Î _v‡K bv| ZZ¶b ch©š— Avjvn Zv‡ì mg¯— ‡`vl-Î“wUi m‡ËI `ywbqv cwiPvjbvi ¶gZv Zv‡ì
nv‡ZB iv‡Lb| wKš‘y hLb Zviv M‡o Kg Ges fv‡½ †ekx, ZLb Avjvn Zv‡ì‡K ¶gZvPz¨Z ¶gZv w`‡q _v‡Kb|
1. mgvR fv‡½ ‡Kb?
1. Avjvn‡K fq bv Kiv 3. ¯^v_©ciZv
2. Avjvni weavb †g‡b bv Pjv 4. RoZv A_ev wec`MvwgZv
cÖ_g n‡”Q- Avjvn‡K fq bv Kiv| GUvB `ywbqvq me iK‡gi Ab¨vq, AwePvi, wbôziZv, wek¦vmNvZKZv I hveZxq
`ybx©wZig~j|
wØZxq n‡”Q- Avj-vni weavb †g‡b bv Pjv| GwUB gvby‡li R‡b¨ †Kvb e¨vcv‡iB AbymiY‡hvM¨ ¯’vqx ˆbwZK weavb
Aewkó iv‡Lwb| Gwi e‡`Šj‡Z e¨w³, `j I RvwZi mg¯— Kg©aviv ¯^v_©c~Rv, †fvM-wejvm I Kvgbv-jvjmvi `vm‡Z¡i Aaxb
n‡q wM‡q‡Q| Gwi d‡j Zviv wb‡R‡ì D‡Ï‡kï g‡a¨ êa I A‰ea cv_©K¨ K‡b bv|
Z„Zxq n‡”Q- ¯^v_©ciZv| Gwi Kvi‡Y gvbyl ci¯ú‡ii AwaKvi niY K‡i| Ggb wK e¨vcKfv‡e Lv›`vbx I RvZxq
AwfRvZ¨ Ges †kªbx we‡Ø‡li m„wó nq| Ges G‡_‡K bvbvb †dZbv I wech©‡qi D™¢e nq|
PZz_© n‡”Q- RoZv A_ev wec`MvwgZv, Gi ì“b Avjvn cÖ`Ë kw³ I ¶gZv nq‡Zv †Kvb Kv‡R eënviB K‡i bv, wKsev
Zvi Aceënvi K‡i A_ev Avjvn cÖ`Ë Dcvq-Dcv`vb‡K Kv‡RB jvMvq bv wKsev AKv‡R jvMvq| cÖ_g Ae¯’vq Avjvn G‡nb
Ac`v_© I Ajm †jvK‡ì‡K †ekx w`b `ywbqvq ¶gZvmxb _vK‡Z †`b bv eis Zv‡ì e`‡j hviv wKQy bv wKQy MVbg~jK KvR K‡i
Zv‡ì‡K ¶gZv †`b|
2. mgvR Movi Dcv`vb wK wK?
1. Avjvn‡K fq Kiv 3. gvbeZvi eë¯’v
2. Avj-vni weavb Abyhvqx Rxeb Rvcb Kiv 4. mr KvR
cÖ_g n‡”Q- Avjvn‡K fq Kiv, gvbyl‡K Amr c_ †_‡K weiZ _vKvi Rb¨ Avjvn‡K fq KivB n‡”Q GKgvÎ nvwZqvi|
Giƒc gyMwVZ PwiÎ ïay mxgveØ fv‡eB bq, e¨vcKfv‡eB hveZxq Kg©Kv‡Ûi Ici cÖfve we¯—vi K‡i|
wØZxq n‡”Q- Avjvni weavb Abyhvqx Rxeb Rvcb Kiv, gvby‡li cÖbqb Kiv ˆbwZK eë¯’v, K_v ejvi mgq eënvi K‡i|
‡hgb †jLK Zvi eB‡q bxwZi K_v wj‡L, ev¯—e Rxe‡b ¯^Zš¿ bxwZ Aej¤^b K‡i _v‡K| A‡bï Kv‡Q `vex Kivi mgq GK bxwZ, Zvi
wb‡Ri Kv‡Q A‡bï `vex †c‡ki bxwZ Ab¨ iKg| ZvB gvby‡li e¨w³MZ, mgwóMZ, RvZxq Ges Avš—R©vwZK KvR Kviev‡i ‰bwZK
Pwi‡Îi wPiš—b wbqg bxwZ Abyhvqx cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ Avjvni weav‡bi Abyhvqx Rxeb Rvcb Kiv GKgvÎ c_|
24
Z„Zxq n‡”Q- gvbeZvi eë¯’v, G‡Z e¨w³MZ, RvZxq, eskxq mv¤cÖ`vwqK ¯^v_©ciZvi cwie‡Z© mg¯— gvby‡li mgvb gh©v`v I
mgvb AwaKvi _vK‡e| Gi †fZi Ah_v êlg¨, D”P-bxPz, AcweÎZvi aviYv, K…wÎg †Muvovgx I c¶cvwZZ¡ _vK‡e bv| G‡Z meviB DbœwZ
I cÖMwZi my‡hvM myweav _vK‡e| `ywbqvi me gvbyl mgvbfv‡e wg‡j wg‡k _vK‡Z cv‡i, Ggb e¨vcK n‡Z n‡e G eë¯’v|
PZz_© n‡”Q- mr KvR, Gi gv‡b n‡”Q Avjvn cÖ`Ë kw³ I Dcvq Dcv`vb‡K c~Y©iƒ‡c I mwVKfv‡e Kv‡R jvMv‡bv|
10. Bmjvgx `vIqvZ I Kg©bxwZ
mvB‡q` Aveyj Avjv gI`~`
eBwUi ¸i“Z¡t
 eBwU wb‡iU GKwU mvsMVwbK eB|  hviv Øxb‡K Rxeb D‡Ïk¨ wnmv‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z cÖ¯‘Z
 `vqx‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ eBwU iwPZ| Zv‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ |
 Bmjvg‡K Rxebv`k© wnmv‡e cÖwZôvKvix‡ì Rb¨
eBwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y©|
eBwUi cwiPqt
1945 mv‡ji 19 GwcÖj Awef³ fvi‡Z cvVvb ‡Kv‡©Ui `vi“j Bmjv‡g AbywôZ Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi evwl©K Kgx© m‡b¥j‡b
cÖ`Ë gvIjvbv gI`y`xi fvlY
fywgKvq 3wU wel‡qi Av‡jvPbv
K. Avgv‡ì `vIqv‡Z nZvkvi w`K
1. Avgv‡ì Av‡›`vjb ï®‹, bxim I ¯^v`nxb|
2. Avgv‡ì `vIqvZ `ywbqvi ivR‰bwZK evRv‡i GKwU APj cY¨|
3. Avgv‡ì Kg©bxwZ‡Z Av‡›`vjb‡K Zxeª I RbMY‡K AvK„ó Ki‡Z eZ©gvb Kv‡ji Dcvq DcKiY †bB|
L. Avgv‡ì `vIqv‡Z Avkvi w`K
1. ax‡i ax‡i eû †jvK Avgv‡ì `vIqv‡Z AvK…ó n‡”Q|
2. m‡b¥jb mgy‡n `yi-`yivš— †_‡K †jvKRb †hvM`vb KiZ‡Q|
3. G mKj †jvK‡ì AvKl©Y wbwðZ m‡Zï w`‡K|
M. ZrKvjxb ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’v
1. Ògymwjg jxMÓ gynv¤§` Avjx wRbœvni †bZ…‡Z¡ fviZ wefvM K‡i cvwK¯—vb Kv‡q‡gi Av‡›`vjb K‡i|
2. Aciw`‡KÒKs‡MÖmÓ ALÛ fviZ i¶vi Av‡›`vj‡b †Rviv‡jv fywgKv iv‡L|
3. Gmgq RvgvqvZ ivR‰bwZK wgwQj-wgwUsG ‡hvM bv w`‡q bxi‡e `vIqvZ-msMV‡bi Kv‡R AvZ¥ wb‡qvM K‡i|
1.m‡¤§j‡bi D‡Ïk¨
K. Avgv‡ì m‡b¥jb mgy‡ni D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv
 m`m¨M‡Yi ci¯úi cwiwPwZ, msNe× I Mfxifv‡e wgwjZ nIqv|
 cvi¯úwiK civgk© I mn‡hvwMZvi Dcvq D™¢veb Kiv|
 wb‡R‡ì mvsMVwbK KvR‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K AMÖmi Kiv|
 wec`, mgm¨v, evav-wecwË mgyn `yi Kivi cš’v wba©viY Kiv|
 AZxZ Kv‡Ri †`vl-Î“wU Abyaveb I Zv `~i Ki‡Z wPš—v Kivi Aemi jvf|
 mg_©K‡ì‡K cÖZ¨¶fv‡e Avgv‡ì `vIqvZ I KvR eySvi my‡hvM K‡i †`qv|
 mZ¨ bxwZ m¤ú‡K© g‡bi åvš— aviYv `~i n‡j Zviv Rvgvqv‡Z †hvM`vb Ki‡e|
25
L. mvaviY †jv‡Kiv †Kb m‡b¥j‡b Av‡m
 gywó‡gq wKQ~ †jvK Avjvni bv‡g †h KvR ïi“ K‡i‡Q,Zv my¶ `„wó‡Z hvPvB Kivi Rb¨|
 cÖK…Z c‡¶ gywó‡gq †jvK‡ì KvR Avjvni Rb¨ wKbv Zv AbymÜvb Kivi Rb¨|
2.Avgv‡ì `vIqvZ
K. `vIqvZx Kv‡R Awf‡hvM ev evav
 `vIqvZ w`‡Z †M‡jB ejv nq,Avgiv Bmjvgx ivóª Kv‡qg Kivi `vIqvZ w`B|
 Avgv‡ì j¶¨ eySv‡bv nq-Avgiv ¶gZv `L‡ji Rb¨ ivRbxwZ Kwi|
 Avgv‡ì‡K cvw_©e ¯^v_©ev`x AvL¨v †`qv nq|
L. Awf‡hvM Kvix‡ì aviYv
 A_P gymjgvbiv †Zv Øxb-Bmjvg I ciKv‡ji Rb¨B KvR K‡i|
 ûKzgZ `vex Kivi e¯‘ bq, avwg©K Rxeb hvc‡bi Kvi‡Y Avjvni Zid †_‡K Av‡m|
M. Awf‡hv‡Mi KviY 3wU
 cÖK…Z ZË¡ bv eySvi Kvi‡Y|
 PvjvKxi mv‡_ K‡i, hv‡Z mvaviY †jvK m‡Zï Av‡›`vjb/`vIqvZ †_‡K weiZ _v‡K
 Av‡jg-cx‡iiv †Kb ivRbxwZi `vIqvZ †`q bv, ZvivB Bmjvg †ekx ey‡S (wbR)
N. Avgv‡ì D‡Ïk¨ ev Pzovš— j¶¨
1. gvby‡li mvgwMÖK Rxe‡b Bmjvg wba©vwiZ cwic~Y© wece m„wó Kiv|
2. bex †cÖi‡Yi D‡Ïk¨-1wU gymwjg RvwZ MVb,bex‡ì KvRB GLb Avgv‡ì|
O. Avgv‡ì `vIqvZ 3wU `dvt
1. Avj-vni `vmZ¡ MÖnYt mvaviYZt mKj gvbyl‡K we‡klZ gymjgvb‡`‡K Avnevb RvbvB|
2. gybv‡dKx Z¨vMt hviv gymjgvb nIqvi `vex K‡i,Zv‡ì‡K gybv‡dKx I K‡g© êlg¨ `yi K‡i Bmjv‡g cwicyY© cÖ‡e‡ki
`vIqvZ w`‡q _vwK|
3. †bZ…‡Z¡i Avgyj cwieZ©bt evwZj, dv‡mKx I Kvwdi‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡i Avgyj cwieZ©b K‡i †bZ…Z¡ I KZ…©Z¡ †bK ev›`v‡ì
nv‡Z †mvc`© Kiv|
P. †Lv`vi e‡›`Mx m¤ú‡K© wKQy †jv‡Ki åvš— aviYv
1. wbR‡K ev›`v g‡b KivB h†_ó, ˆbwZK-mgwóMZ Rxe‡b `vmZ¡ bvKi‡jI ¶wZ †bB
2. Avjvn‡K cÖvK…wZKfv‡e m„wóKZv©,wiwhK`vZv I gvey` ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges ev¯—e Rxe‡b †bZ…Z¡ I KZ…©Z¡ †_‡K
Avjvn‡K AcmvwiZ Kiv AmsMZ n‡e bv|
3. agx©q Rxe‡b AvKx`v-wek¦vm,Bev`vZ,nvjvj-nviv‡gi K‡qKwU kZ© gvbvB e‡›`Mx|
4. êlwqK e¨vcv‡i †Lv`vi e‡›`Mx n‡Z m¤ú~Y© gy³| ‡hgb-ZvgvÏyb, mgvR, ivóª,A_©bxwZ|
Q. Kv‡ì wei“‡× Avgv‡ì msMÖvg?
1. hZLvwb Kv‡di Rxeb eë¯’vi wei“‡× Avgv‡ì jovB|
2. ZZLvwb wZeªZvi mv‡_ e‡›`Mxi GB f~j aviYvi wei“‡× Avgv‡ì msMÖvg|
R. †Kb Avgv‡ì msMÖvg
D‡jwLZ aviYv mgyn Øxb Bmjv‡gi gyj wfwË I iƒc‡K m¤úyY© weK…Z K‡i w`‡q‡Q|
3. gybv‡dKxi gyjK_v
**K. gybv‡dKxi bxwZ 4wU
1. Cgvb I Øx‡bi m¤úyY© wecixZ Rxeb eë¯’v cÖwZwôZ †`‡L mš‘ó nIqv|
2. Gi Avgyj cwieZ©b K‡i wb‡Ri Rxeb eë¯’v‡K cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z †Póv bv Kiv|
3. cÖwZwôZ Rxeb eë¯’v AbyKzj g‡b K‡i Zv‡_‡K wb‡Ri dvq`v nvwm‡ji †Póv|
4. wKQy †jvK †Póv Ki‡jI Zv Av‡iKwU dv‡mKx ivóª cÖwZôvi D‡Ï‡k¨ K‡i|
L. Lv‡jm-wbôvc~Y© Cgv‡bi cwiPqt
 †h Rxeb eë¯’vi cÖwZ Cgvb Avb‡e, Zv Rxeb-weavb I AvBb wnmv‡e Pvjy Ki‡e|
 GB c‡_ hZB cÖwZeÜKZv AvmyK, Avgv‡ì cÖvY e¨vKzj I KvZi n‡q DV‡e|
 cÖK…Z Cgvb Zvi weKv‡k mvgvb¨Zg evav ei`vkZ Ki‡e bv|
M. my¯úó åvš— aviYvt
1. wKQy †`‡k Bmjv‡gi wKQ~ AvBb-bxwZ A¶wZKi g‡b K‡i AbyMÖn K‡i Pj‡Z †`q|
2. mgMÖ Rxeb Øx‡bi wecixZ wbq‡g P‡j, G‡Z Cgv‡bi ¶wZ nq bv e‡j g‡b K‡i|
3. GgbwK ‡mLv‡b Kzdzix ivóª eë¯’v‡K ¯’vqx wbqwZ g‡b Kiv nq|
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N. ev›`v‡K gybv‡dKx n‡Z cweÎ KivB Avgv‡ì j¶¨
1. †Lv`vi e‡›`Mxi mwVK aviYv Abyhvqx wbôvi mv‡_ cÖ‡Póv Pvjve|
2. Avj-vn cÖ`Ë Rxeb c×wZ c~Y© Rxe‡b AbymiY Kie|
3. Rxe‡bi ¶z`ª Kv‡RI evwZ‡ji cÖfve ei`vkZ Ki‡ev bv|
4.Kgx©i êmv`„‡kï ZË¡K_v
1. Kgx©q ‰emv`„k¨ Kv‡K e‡jt 4. wewfbœ bxwZ AbymiY Kiv‡K|
2. K_v I Kv‡Ri Miwgj‡K e‡j| 5. e‡›`Mxi wecixZ KvR Kiv‡K|
3. gy‡L Cgv‡bi `vex †i‡L Kv‡R Zvi wecixZ Kiv‡K|
L. êmv`„k¨,AmvgÄm¨,gybv‡dKxi I eûi“cxKv‡Ri D`vniY
1. ZvInx`, †imvjZ, Av‡LivZ,kixqZ‡K gvbvi `vex K‡i ‰elwqK ¯^v_© jv‡fi Rb¨ e¯‘ev`x, ZvInx‡ì wecixZ wk¶v
cÖwZôv‡b wk¶v jvf Kivi Rb¨ hvIqv|
2. Cgv‡bi `vex K‡i †Lv`vi `ykgb‡ì iwPZ AvB‡b ¯’vwcZ Av`vj‡Zi wePv‡ii Dci wbf©i Kwi|
3. gmwR‡` bvgvR Av`vq I evB‡i Avjvn‡K fy‡j wM‡q bd‡mi AbymiY Kwi|
4. GKw`‡K Avjvni wbKU cÖwZkÖ“wZ cÖ`vb, Ab¨w`‡K ¯^v_© mswkó gywZ©i cyRv Kiv|
M. Øxb m¤ú‡K© eZ©gvb gymjgvb‡ì Ae¯’v
1. Cgvb I Bmjv‡gi ¯^xKv‡ivw³B h‡_ó n‡e|
2. ZvInx`-†imvj‡Zi mv¶¨ I bvgvR-†ivRvmn K‡qKwU agx©q Abyôvb cvj‡bB h‡_ó|
3. ev¯—e Rxe‡b Øxb I Cgvb we‡ivax Kg©bxwZ Aej¤^b Ki‡j Cgv‡bi †Kvb ¶wZ †bB|
N. hvi djkÖ“wZ‡Z ¶wZ n‡”Q
1. dv‡mKx, Kv‡dix, cvc, bvdigvbx I hyjyg‡K Bmjv‡gi bv‡g Pvwj‡q †`qv n‡”Q|
2. Cgv‡bi wecix‡Z gymjgvbiv mgq, kªg,†hvM¨Zv I Rxeb wewj‡q w`‡”Q-Zv eySvi ÁvbUyKz †bB|
D`vniYt je‡bi Lwb‡Z wew”Qbœfv‡e hZ‡jvK cÖ‡ek Ki‡e Zviv je‡bi mv‡_ wg‡k hv‡e|
O. Avgv‡ì Avnevb
1. m¤ú~Y© GKgyLx bxwZ-Av`‡k©i Abymvix n‡q Øx‡bi wecixZ KvR-K‡g©i mv‡_ m¤úK© wQbœ Kiv|
2. Cgv‡bi `vex‡K Mfxifv‡e Dcjwä I Zv c~iY Kivi Avnevb|
5. †bZ…‡Z¡i †gŠwjK cwieZ©‡bi Avek¨K_v
K. Cgv‡bi `vex / gygx‡bi Awbevh© `vex-
eZ©gvb Rxeb I ivóª eë¯’vq wece m„wó Kiv
1. whwb wbR‡K †Lv`vi `vm‡Z¡i wbKU †mvc`© K‡ib|
2. Rxe‡b †Kvb cÖKvi gybv‡dKx I êmv`„†kï duvK bv iv‡Lb|
3. GKwbô gygxb nIqvi †Póv K‡ib-Zvi Dci|
L. eZ©gvb ivóª eë¯’vi wfwË wK‡mi Dci ¯’vwcZ
 Kzdixi Dci-cywRev` ev e¯‘ev` =Av‡gwiKv  wki‡Ki Dci-ivRZš¿-†mŠw` Avie =Kz‡qZ
 bvw¯—K_vi Dci-KwgDwbRg I ‡mKzjvwiRg  dv‡mKxi Dci-RvwZqZvev`
=Zzi®‹  Am”PwiÎZvi Dci-MbZš¿ =evsjv‡`k
M. †bZ…‡Z¡i †gŠwjK cwieZ©b ‡Kb ìKvit
G KvR bv Ki‡j ¶wZ 3wU
1. `ywbqv‡Z LuvwU gymjgvb wnmv‡e Rxeb hvcb Kiv m¤¢e bq|
2. †Lv`vi `vmZ¡‡K Rxe‡bi Av`k© wnmv‡e MÖnY Kiv m¤¢e bq|
3. fwel¨Z eskai‡ì Bmjv‡gi Dci wek¦vmx ivLv m¤¢e bq|
N. gygx‡bi KZ©e¨
1. †Lv`vi m‡š—vl AR©b,
2. aesm I wech©q †_‡K mgvR‡K i¶v,
3. kvwš—, wbivcËv I¯^w¯— cÖwZôv|
GB j‡¶¨ †cŠQ‡Z evavt- cÖwZwôZ Amr †bZ„Z¡|
O. †Kb we‡k¦ Akvwš—-hyjyg e„w× cvqt we‡e‡Ki gZvgZ wK?
1. KviYtwe‡k¦i †bZviv Amr, dv‡mK, dvwRi, †Lv`v‡`ªvnx, kqZv‡bi `vmvby`vmMY|
2. djvdjt hyjyg, wbhv©Zb, Akvwš—, wech©q I AZ¨vPvi e„w× cv‡e|
P. gymjgv‡bi Acwinvh© KvRt
1. c_åó †bZ…Z¡ LZg Kiv|
2. Kzdi I wki‡Ki cÖavb¨ wePzY© Kiv|
3. Øxb cÖwZôvi †Póv mvabv Kiv|
27
6. †bZ…Z¡ cwieZ©b wKiƒ‡c n‡e
K. wek¦ cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wK ìKvi
1. †hvM¨Zvt Ávb-weÁvb 3. êwkó¨t †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸Yvejx
2. kw³t AvaywbK cÖhyw³ mgyn
L. hv‡ì nv‡Z Avjvn †bZ…Z¡ †`‡eb Zv‡ì ¸Yvejx 4wU
1. Cgvbt hv‡ì LvwU Cgvb Av‡Q
2. mZZvt hviv cÖK…Zfv‡e mr
3. gvbweK †hvM¨Zvt hv‡ì ‡`k cwiPvjbvi Acwinvh© ¸Yvejx Av‡Q|
4. kw³t hv‡ì kw³ I ¶gZv Kv‡di‡ì †P‡q †ekx Av‡Q|-(b~i-55bs)
M. Avgv‡ì D‡Ïk¨t 2wU
1.`j MVbt Cgvb I mr †jvK‡ì GKwU `j MVb Kiv| -Av‡j Bgivb-103
2.mr †bZ…Z¡ cÖwZôvt `ywbqvi †bZ…Z¡ Kv‡di‡ì nvZ †_‡K mr I Cgvb`vi‡ì nv‡Z †mvc`© Kiv ZvIev-33, dvZvn-28, md-9
N. Avgv‡ì `vIqv‡Zi gyj Av‡e`bt
1. Cgvb`vi I mr†jvK‡ì wb‡q `j MVb 3. Zv‡ì e¨w³MZ I mvgwóMZ PwiÎ n‡e cweÎ I cwiï×
2. wbôvevb Bmjv‡gi Abymvix nIqv 4. mgvR I ivóª cwiPvjbvi m‡ev©”P †hvM¨Zvi AwaKvix n‡e
7. wei“×Zv I Dnvi KviY
K. Kv‡ì †_‡K we‡ivaxZv Av‡m
1. gymjgvbt me© cÖ_g `vIqv‡Z we‡ivaxZv Av‡m gymjgvb‡ì c¶ †_‡K|
2. Øxb`vit Avevi ZvI gymjgvb‡ì g‡a¨ hviv Øxb`vi ZvivB Av‡M evav †`q|
3. Bmjvgx `jt Zvi g‡aÏ Avevi †ekx Zrci ag©cš’x `j¸‡jv|
L. Avgv‡ì `vIqvZ m¤ú‡K© Agymwjg‡ì gš—e¨
1. Agymwjgiv AvR ch©š— we‡ivaxZvi Rb¨ m¤§y‡L AMÖmi nq bvB|
2. Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© GKRb wn›`y, wkL I Bs‡iRI mZ¨ bq GK_v e‡j bvB|
3. Bnvi we‡ivaxZv Kivi cÖ‡ªqvRbxqZvI cÖKvk K‡i bvB|
4. Zviv GK_vI e‡j‡Q-hw` †`‡k Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ Av‡MB †ck Kiv nZ Ges gymjgvbiv hw` Zv Kv‡qg Kivi †Póv
Ki‡Zv Z‡e †`‡ki Ae¯’v wfbœiƒc nZ|
M. wei“axZvi aiY
1. Avgv‡ì‡K †KD mb¥yL w`K †_‡K Avµgb Ki‡Z cv‡i bv-
2. ZvB Zviv wcQb w`K †_‡K wewfbœfv‡e Avµgb K‡i e‡jt
N. `vIqvZ wVK Av‡Q, Z‡e mgm¨v Av‡Q-
1. `vqx‡ì g‡a¨ wKQ~ †`vl-Î“wU Av‡Q|
2. GB Kv‡Ri Rb¨ mvnvex‡ì gZ †jvK cÖ‡qvRb|
3. GB hy‡M GB `vIqvZ Pjvi gZ bq, Bnv APj gZev`|
4. gymjgvb‡ì ivR‰bwZK-A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’vi Kvi‡Y G `vIqvZ MÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv
O. we‡ivaxZvKvix‡ì cwiPq
1. me© cÖ_‡g hviv evav w`‡e- wcZv-gvZv, AvZœxq ¯^Rb, eÜz evÜe|
2. avgx©K I gyËvKxiv-hv‡ì Kcv‡j wmR`vi wPý c‡o †M‡Q|
3. hviv 24 N›Uv ag© msµvš— Av‡jvPbv K‡i ZvivI we‡ivaxZv Ki‡Z ms‡KvP K‡i bv|
4. Zv‡ì cyÎ-åvZv wKsev AvZœxq‡ì Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM`vb Av‡`Š mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
P. we‡ivaxZvi cwie‡Z©© cy®ú I cÖksmv AvmZ hw` Avgiv
1. `vIqvZ‡K wbQK GKwU Ávb-M‡elYv gyjK Av‡›`vjb wnmv‡e †ck KiZvg|
2. GB D‡Ïk¨ ev¯—‡e cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z †jvK‡ì Avnevb bv RvbvBZvg|
Q. bex-ivmyj‡ì Av‡›`vj‡bi wei“axZvi KviY
1. Kwe, mvwnwZ¨K I `vk©wbK‡ì wei“axZv Kivi KviY t
2. wki‡Ki wfwË‡Z ¯’vwcZ Rxeb/mgvR eë¯’v‡K P~Y© K‡i Lvwjm ZvInx‡ì wfwË‡Z cwic~Y© Rxeb eë¯’v wnmv‡e †ck
Kivi Kvi‡Y Zviv Zv MÖn‡Y cÖ¯‘Z wQj bv|
3. eskxq cÖ_v, AvZœ †MŠie, AvwfRvZ¨, cvwievwiK êwkó¨ Z¨vM K‡i ZvInx‡ì wfwË‡Z RvwZ MVb Kivi Avnevb
Rvbv‡bvi Kvi‡Y|
4. A_©‰bwZK I cvwievwi ¯^v_©-ciZv I †jvf-jvjmvi cÖe„wË Z¨vM K‡i ‰bwZK Pwi‡Îi gyjbxwZ mgyn‡K ev¯—e Rxe‡bi
wfwË wnmv‡e ¯’vwcZ Ki‡Z ejvi Kvi‡Y|
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>>ivmyj mv.GB j‡¶¨ GKwU Av‡›`vj‡bi gva¨‡g †jvK‡ì msNe× K‡i †`‡ki Zvnhxe ZvgvÏyb I ˆbwZKZv‡K Av`k© w`‡q
cwieZ©b Kivi †Póv mvabv K‡i‡Qb|
R. evwZj mgvR eë¯’vi mv‡_ gymjgvb‡ì mg‡SvZvi aiY
1. gymjgvbiv evwZj eë¯’vi mv‡_ mg‡SvZvi d‡j Zv‡ì Dci wei“axZv Av‡m bvB|
2. GB mg‡SvZvq êlwqK I ag©xq my‡hvM myweav wQj|
3. ci‡nRMvixi ayg cov †jvK chš—© evwZj mg‡SvZvi mv‡_ RwoZ|
4. evwZj gZev‡ì Aax‡b ZvKIqv,Bev`vZmn K‡qKwU Abyôvb cvj‡bB h‡_ó g‡b Kiv|
5. eû Ava¨vwZœK †jv‡Ki evwZ‡ji mv‡_ mg‡SvZvi d‡j Ava¨vwZœKZvi ghv©`v ¶zbœ nq bvB
6. Kydi, Rv‡nwjqvZ, dv‡mKx I åvš— AvKx`vi cÖwZev` I Î“wU eY©bv K‡i gy‡L mvnvev hy‡Mi g‡bvgy»Ki wPÎ AsKb
Kiv Bmjv‡gi KZ©e¨ cvj‡b h‡_ó g‡b Kiv n‡q‡Q|
7. AvZœxq-¯^Rb,AvMvgx‡ì‡K evwZj mgv‡Ri mv‡_ IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e RwoZ ivLv m¤ú~Y© nvjvj
S. Avgv‡ì gvivZœK Aciva wK/†Kb wei“axZv Kiv n‡”Q
1. evwZ‡ji mv‡_ mKj my‡hvM myweav Z¨vM Ki‡Z ejwQ|
2. wbôv I Avš—wiKZvi mv‡_ Øx‡bi AbymiY Ki‡Z Avnevb Rvbvw”Q|
3. mZ¨ cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Rvb-gvj, mgq-kªg DrmM© K‡i †Póv mvabv Kivi Avnevb Rvbvw”Q|
T. Avgv‡ì `vIqvZ‡K mZ¨ e‡j †g‡b †bIqv n‡j Zv‡K †h †Kvb GKwU c_ †e‡Q wb‡Z n‡e-
1. ¯^v‡_©i Kzievbx ei`vkZ K‡i Av‡›`vj‡b Svwc‡q co‡Z n‡e| A_ev
2. ¯^xKvi Kivi ci g‡bi `~e©jZvi ‡`vnvB w`‡q Av‡›`vjb †_‡K `~‡i m‡i _vK‡Z n‡e
U. GB c_ Aej¤^b Kiv mnR bqt KviY-G‡Z
1. ciKv‡ji M¨vivw›U bó n‡q hv‡e| 2. Ava¨vwZ¡KZvi †kªôZ¡ I ghv©`v ¶zbœ n‡e|
V. GB Rb¨ eo GKwU `j Z…Zxq GKwU c_ Aej¤^b K‡i
1. Avgv‡‡ì `vIqvZ I Av‡›`vjb‡K f~j ej‡Z cv‡i bv
2. mZ¨Zv ¯^xKvi Ki‡jI gyjbxwZ‡K ev` w`‡q we‡kl †Kvb e¨w³i we‡lv`vMvi K‡i †Nvjv‡U K‡i Av‡›`vjb †_‡K `~‡i
m‡i _v‡K|
3. W. cwiYvgt Zviv hyw³ w`‡q gvby‡li gyL eÜ Kivi †Póv Ki‡jI †Lv`vi gyL eÜ Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|
8. Avgv‡ì Kg©bxwZ
K. Avgv‡ì Kg©©bxwZi Drm
1.Kzivb 2.nvw`m Ges 3.bex-ivmyj‡ì Kg©bxwZ
L. hviv `vIqvZ MÖnY K‡i Zv‡ì cÖwZ Kg©bxwZ/Avnevb
1. †Lv`vi `vmZ¡ Abyhvqx Rxeb M‡o Zyj‡Z ewj|
2. Kv‡R wb‡Ri HKvwš—KZvi cwiPq w`‡Z ewj|
3. Cgv‡bi wecixZ KvR n‡Z wbR‡K cweÎ ivL‡Z ewj|
M. Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM w`‡q †h Kg©bxwZ Z¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e
1. eo nIqvi j‡¶¨ D”P wk¶v MÖnY K‡i, Zv‡ì MMYPzw¤^ ¯^cœ-cÖmv` aywjm¨vr Ki‡Z nq|
2. A‰ea c‡_ AR©b Kiv ab-m¤ú` Z¨vM K‡i me©nviv n‡Z nq|
3. RxweKv wbev©‡ni kixqZ we‡ivax c_ Z¨vM I cweÎ cš’v MÖnY Kiv, Zv hZB wbK…ó †nvK|
N. Dc‡iv³ Kg©bxwZ‡Z Avjvni c¶ †_‡K cÖv_wgK †h AwMœ cix¶v/evuav/mgm¨v Av‡m
1. cÖ_‡g wcZv-gvZv I wbKU AvZ¡xq ¯^Rb, Zvi Cgv‡bi mv‡_ Ø‡Ü wjß nq|
2. A‡bK gvby‡li gvqv gynveŸZ I †mœn bxo †evjZvi evmvq cwiYZ nq|
O. cÖv_wgK cix¶vq DËxY©‡ì g‡a¨ ‡h ZvKIqvi m„wó nq
1. †h ZvKIqv wdKvn kv‡¯¿i gvb `‡Ûi DËxY© bq|
2. †h ZvKIqv LvbKv kix‡di gvb`‡Û Am¤ú~Y©|
3. wKš‘ †m ZvKIqv wek¦ cwiPvjbvi ¸i“ `vwqZ¡ I Avgvbv‡Zi `ye©n fvi enb Kivi gZ|
4. LvbKvi ZvKIqv GKkZ fv‡Mi GKfvMI enb Kivi gZ bq|
P. wØZxq `vwqZ¡-
wbKUeZx© cwi‡e‡k mKj †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ `vIqvZ weKxY© Kiv|
Q. `vIqv‡Zi djvdj ev jvf 2wU
1. `vIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g Rxe‡b Cgvb we‡ivax f~jÎ“wU †_‡K cwiï× Kivi AeKvk cvq|
2. `vIqv‡Zi d‡j wb‡Ri g‡a¨ A‡bK ¸Y êwk‡óï m„wó nq|
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R. †h me w`K n‡Z wec`/mgm¨v Avm‡Z cv‡i
1. cÖ_‡g nZvkv e¨vÄK Ae¯’vi m„wó nq| 5. ‡dZbvq Rov‡bvi Dcvq Aej¤^b Kiv|
2. AcgvbKi Dw³ I fr©mbv Kiv| 6. Ni n‡Z weZvwoZ Kiv I AvZœxqZvi m¤úK© wQbœ
3. gyL©Zv gyjK Kvh© Øviv Am¤§vb Kiv| Kiv|
4. bvbv cÖKvi Awf‡hvM I †`vlviƒc Kiv| 7. Zvi Rxeb `ywe©mn Kiv|
S. G me wec` gwme‡Z Kgx©i g‡a¨ †h ¸Y-êwk‡óï weKvk I DrKl© mvwaZ nq
1. mvnm nviv n‡q m‡Zï Av‡›`vjb †_‡K weiZ 4. ‰eÁvwbK Kg©cš’v,eyw×gËv,bgbxq
_v‡K bv| `„pZv,w¯’iZv,mZZv,ci‡nRMvixi AwaKvix nIqv
2. evwZ‡ji mvg‡b AvZœmgc©b K‡i bv| 5. GKwbô gb wb‡q wbR Av`‡k©i Dci AUj AwePj _v‡K|
3. we¶z× n‡q we‡eK-eyw× nvivq bv| 6. cwi‡ek‡K AbyKzj Kivi Awekªvš— †Póv Pvjvq|
T. Av`k© cÖPv‡i KziAv‡b Dc¯’vwcZ Kgx©i Kg©bxwZ
1. DËg Dc‡`‡ki gva¨‡g `vIqvZ Dc¯’vcb Kiv| 5. †gŠwjK †`vl-Î“wU `yi Kivi Av‡M evwn¨K †`vl-
2. ¯^vfvweK c×wZ‡Z Øx‡bi gyjbxwZi wfwË‡Z ev¯— Î“wU `yi Kivi †Póv Kiv|
e Rxe‡bi `vIqvZ †ck Kiv| 6. AeÁv wgwkªZ eënvi bv Kiv|
3. mva¨vZxZ †LvivK `vb bv Kiv| 7. g‡›ì wecix‡Z DËg eënvi|
4. LywUbvwU welq †ck bv Kiv I A‰eÁvwbK KvR 8. AZ¨vPvi I wbcxo‡bi d‡j âh¨ aviY Kiv|
Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv| 9. A_©nxb K_vevZv© D‡c¶v Kiv|
U. †h Kg©bxwZi Av‡jv‡K †jvK‡ì‡K Av‡›`vj‡b Uvbv hvq
1. wiqv I cÖ`k©b gyjK KvR n‡Z weiZ _vKv|
2. wb‡R‡ì KxwZ©-Kjvc †MŠi‡ei mwnZ †jvK‡ì mvg‡b †ck bv Kiv|
3. mKj KvR Avjvni mš‘wói Rb¨ Kiv I Zvi Kv‡Q djvdj Avkv Kiv|
4. g‡bi g‡a¨ me©`v Avjvni fq _vKv|
5. Zwor djvdj bv Avm‡j K…wÎg I cÖ`k©b gyjK Kg©bxwZ MÖnY bv Kiv|
V. Avgv‡ì ivR‰bwZK Kg©bxwZ
1. evwZj kvmb eë¯’vi AvBb-Av`vj‡Zi mvnvh¨ MÖnY Ki‡ev bv|
2. Rvb-gvj I B¾vZ-m¤§vb i¶vi Rb¨ evwZj ivóª eë¯’vi mvnvh¨ MÖnY Ki‡ev bv|
3. hviv GB mxgv jsMb Ki‡e Zv‡ì Rvgvqv‡Zi g‡a¨ _vK‡Z †`qv n‡e bv|
4. hviv ¯^v‡_©i-AvZœxqZv i¶vi Rb¨ wg_¨v gvgjvq Rwo‡q c‡o Rvgvqv‡Z Zvi ¯’vb †bB|
W. Avgv‡ì Kg©bxwZi hyw³KZv I ¯^v_©KZv 4wU
cÖ_gZt Avgiv GKwU Av`k©ev`x RvgvqvZ wKbv Zv cÖgvY Kiv hvq|
wØZxqZt m`m¨‡ì wek¦¯—Zv cÖgvY Kivi m‡›`nvZxZ gvb`Û|
Z…ZxqZt m`mïv AvB‡bi cwie‡Z© bxwZ-ˆbwZKZvi wfwË‡Z mgv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤úK© Ki‡e|
PZz_©Zt mgv‡R ˆbwZK I ev¯—e Ae¯’v DjsM K‡i †`Lv m¤¢e nq| a‡g©i Avei‡Y jyKvwqZ‡ì PwiÎ dy‡U DV‡e|
X. †klK_vt Avgv‡ì Kg©bxwZ‡K hvPvB Kivi Avnevb
1. Avgv‡ì Kg©bxwZ wK ai‡Yi,
2. gvbyl‡K †Kvb w`‡K WvKwQ Ges †mB `vIqvZ KZLvwb mZ¨,
3. KziAvb I nvw`‡mi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ Av‡Q wK bv,
4. eZ©gvb mgv‡Ri †ivM cÖwZ‡kvaK wnmv‡e evwZj gZev` wbg~©j Kivi gZ wK bv|
9.Avwjg I cxi mv‡ne‡ì †`vnvB
K. Av‡jg I cxi mv‡ne‡ì cÖwZ cÖk/œ wRÁvmv
1. eo Avwjg I cxi mv‡neiv wK Øxb m¤ú‡K© cwic~Y© IqvwKdnvj b‡nb ?
2. RvgvqvZ Bmjv‡gi ‡h iƒc cÖPvi K‡i _v‡K, Zviv wK Zv eyS‡Z cv‡i bvB|
3. Zv‡ì‡K evi evi ejv m‡Ë¡I Zviv mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z cÖ¯‘Z b‡n-Zvi KviY wK|
L. GB cÖ‡kœi DËi
1. Avwg (gI`y`x) Øxb-Bmjvg‡K eZ©gvb I AZxZ e¨w³‡ì ‡_‡K eyS‡Z †Póv Kwi bvB|
2. Bmjvg‡K KziAvb I ivmy‡ji mybœvn †_‡K eySvi †Póv K‡iwQ|
3. Øxb Avgvi I Bgvb`v‡ii wbKU Kx `vex K‡i, Zv Rvbvi Rb¨ †Kvb eyRyM© e¨w³ wK K‡ib/e‡jb-†m w`‡K å“‡¶c Kwi
bvB|
4. eis Avwg G‡¶‡Î KziAvb I bex-ivmy‡ji Kg©bxwZ eySvi †Póv K‡iwQ|
30
M.Avwjg I cxi mv‡ne‡ì cÖwZ Avgvi Avnevb
1. M„nxZ Kg©bxwZ KziAv‡bi wb‡`©k I bex‡ì Kvh©Kjvc n‡Z cÖgvwbZ nq wKbv, wbi‡c¶ `„wó‡Z Zv wePvi Ki“b|
2. Avcbviv KziAvb I mybœvn n‡Z Ávb jvf Ki‡Z cÖ¯‘Z _vKzb|
3. Avcbviv Avgvi `vIqvZ MÖnY K‡i Avgvi mv‡_ wgwjZ †nvb|
4. Avgv‡ì `vIqv‡Z KziAvb-mybœvni wecixZ wKQy _vK‡j Zv cÖgvwYZ Ki“b|
5. KziAvb-mybœvn n‡Z m‡i ‡MwQ cÖgvwYZ n‡j mZ¨ MÖn‡Y gyûZ© wej¤^ Kie bv|
6. wKš‘ nK I evwZ‡ji cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ hw` Kzivb-mybœvn e¨ZxZ e¨w³ we‡k‡li Dci wbf©i K‡ib, Zv Avcbv‡ì
B”Qvaxb|
10. ì‡ekxq we`ª“c
K. A‡b‡Ki Awf‡hvM n‡jv
1. Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx KZ¸‡jv ì‡ek I `ywbqv Z¨vMx †jvK‡ì `j|
2. c„w_exi ev¯—eZv I ivRbxwZ †_‡K Zviv A‡bK `~‡i|
3. gymjgvb‡ì eZ©gvb msKUc~Y© mg‡q mb¥y‡L AMÖmi nIqvi wPš—v Zv‡ì bvB|
4. hv‡ì ev¯—e Rxe‡bi mgm¨vi w`‡K bRi †ekx, Zviv G Av‡›`vj‡b †hvMw`‡Z cv‡i bv
L. Zv‡ì cÖwZ DËi nj
 eZ©gvb ivRbxwZexìv ¯’yj`„wó wb‡q gv‡V †b‡g‡Qb|
 Zviv ïay ivR‰bwZK mgm¨v I evwn¨K i`-e`j‡KB ¸i“Z¡c~Y© g‡b K‡i|
 wKš‘ ivRbxwZi cÖvmv` †h wfwËi Dci ¯’vwcZ, Zv‡Z Zv‡ì `„wó GL‡bv †cŠ‡Q bvB|
M. eZ©gvb (fvi‡Zi) ivR‰bwZK mgm¨v RwUj AvKvi aviY Kivi KviY n‡”Q
1. mgv‡Ri ˆbwZK PwiÎ, wek¦vm, Zvnhxe †h wfwËi Dci ¯’vwcZ wQj Zv `~e©j n‡q c‡o
2. c_ åó-åvš— 1wU RvwZ (Bs‡iRiv) mnmª gvBj `~i †_‡K G‡m ‡`k‡K civf~Z K‡i|
3. gymjgvb‡ì GB civaxbZv I `~e©jZvi my‡hv‡M Zv‡ì cÖwZ‡ekx RvwZ kw³kvjx n‡q Zv‡ì wei“‡× kÎ“Zv Avi¤¢
K‡i|
>ZvB N‡ii kÎ“ I evB‡ii kÎ“‡K gyKv‡ejv Kiv RwUj n‡q c‡o|
N. eZ©gvb wek¦e¨vcx wech©‡qi KviY
1. wb‡R‡ì ‰bwZKZv,Zvnhxe,A_©bxwZ,ivRbxwZi wfwË †i‡L‡Q †Lv`v‡`ªvnx kw³i Dci
2. dv‡mKx I Kydyix eë¯’vi evwn¨K iƒc cwieZ©b Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡”Q|
3. Avgvi (gI`y`x) `„wó‡Z-gyjZt Bmjv‡gi `„wó‡Z GB ivRbxwZ G‡Kev‡iB A_©nxb|
O. eZ©gvb wek¦ gymwj‡gi mgm¨v-RwUjZvi mgvavb n‡”Q
1. Zvi weavb‡K wb‡R‡ì Rxeb eë¯’v wnmv‡e MªnY Kiv|
2. c„w_exi KZ©„Z¡ †Lv`v‡`ªvnx,Kvwdi,dvwmK‡ì †_‡K †bKev›`v‡ì nv‡Z Zz‡j †`qv|
3. mK‡j wg‡j †Lv`vi `vmZ¡ Kiv|
P. Avgiv wK iKg `j MVb Ki‡Z PvB
1. hviv ZvKIqvi w`K †_‡K mgv‡Ri mvaviY ci‡nRMvi‡ì Zzjbvq †kªôZi n‡e|
2. wek¦ cwiPvjbvi †hvM¨Zv-`¶Zvi w`K w`‡q eZ©gvb †jvK‡ì †_‡K ‡ekx AMÖmi n‡e
Q. eZ©gv‡b ci‡nRMvix g‡b Kiv nq
N‡ii †KvYvq e‡m ev¯—e RM‡Zi KvR K‡g©i mv‡_ mKj m¤úK© wQbœ Kiv‡K|
R. wech©q ms‡kva‡bi Dcvq n‡”Q
1. †Lv`vi †bK ev›`v‡ì GKwU mymse× RvgvqvZ MVb|
2. `‡ji cÖ‡Z¨KwU †jvK †Lv`vfxi“, b¨vqcš’x I wek¦vm fvRb n‡e|
3. †Lvv`vi g‡bvbxZ PwiÎ I ¸Yvejx‡Z f~wlZ n‡e|
4. †m ms‡M `ywbqvi †jvK‡ì civwRZ Kivi gZ wek¦ cwiPvjbvi †hvM¨ZvI me©vwaK n‡e
>-Avgv‡ì `„wó‡Z Bnv A‡c¶v eo ivRbxwZ Avi n‡Z cv‡i bv|
11.Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi Kgx©‡ì cÖwZ gvIjvbv gI`y`xi Dc‡`k
1. †R‡b ey‡S Avjvni wbKU cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q †h `vwqZ¡ wb‡q‡Qb, Zv Mfxifv‡e Dcjwä Ki“b Ges GB ¸i“ `vwqZ¡ cvjb
Ki“b|
2. Øx‡bi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq ¸‡jv Abyaveb K‡i LywUbvwU welq ¸‡j cwiZ¨vM K‡i Pjyb|
3. A‡bK Kgx©iv Av`k©, D‡Ïk¨ I gZev` ey‡S‡Q, wKš‘ Kg©bxwZ Av‡`Š ey‡S bvB| ZvB Kg©bxwZI fvjfv‡e eySvi †Póv Ki“b|
4. ¯’yj`wk©Zv, cÖ`k©b gyjK g‡bve„wË Ges `ª“Z djvdj cvIqvi gvbwmKZv cwinvi Ki“b|
5. `vIqvZ I cÖPviYvi †¶‡Î wbg©gZv I K‡VviZv cwinvi K‡i mnR I mijfv‡e hyw³i gva¨‡g `vIqvZ Dc¯’vcb Ki“b|
31
11. Bmjvgx wec‡ei c_
1940 m‡bi e³…Zv
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx ZLbI cÖwZwôZ nqwb|
[Bmjvgx ûKzgZ wKmZivn Kv‡qg n‡Z nu¨v]
f~wgKv :
Bmjvgx wec‡ei c_ eBwUi g~j K_v nj ÔBmjvgx ivóª wKfv‡e cÖwZôv n‡eÕ GB j‡¶¨ eBwUi †jLK giûg gvIjvbv gI`y`x
(i) 1940 mv‡ji †m‡Þ¤î gv‡m fvi‡Zi AvjxMo wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †óªPx n‡j G m¤ú‡K© GK Abycg e³e¨ †ck K‡ib| e³‡eï
wk‡ivbvg wQj ÔBmjvgx ûKzgvZ †K¯Íiv Kv‡qg nwZ nvqÕ Gi A_© nj Bmjvgx ivóª wKfv‡e cªwZwôZ nq|
g~j Av‡jvPbv:
eBwUi g~j Av‡jvPbv‡K 8wU As‡k wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q h_v:
1. Bmjvgx ivóª wKfv‡e cÖwZwôZ nq 5. Bmjvgx wec‡ei c×wZ ev cš’v
2. ivóª eë¯’vi ¯^vfvweK weeZ©b 6. Aev¯Íe Kíbv ev avibv
3. Av`wk©K ivóª 7. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mwVK Kg©cš’v
4. Avjvni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ Ges gvby‡li cÖwZwbwaZ¡ 8. ms‡hvRb
wfwËK ivóª
Bmjvgx ivóª wKfv‡e cÖwZwôZ nq:
1. eZ©gv‡b Bmjvgx ivóªÕ bvg wkï‡ì nv‡Zi †Ljbvq cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|
2. hviv Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z Pvb Zviv GUv Rv‡bb bv wKfv‡e Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z nq Ges Rvbvi †PóvI
K‡ib bv|
3. hviv Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z Pvq Zviv †h cÖ¯Íve †`q †gvUi mvB‡K‡j †hgb Av‡gwiKvq †cŠQv‡bv m¤¢e bq †Zgwb
Zv‡ì cÖ¯Ív‡e g~j j‡¶¨ †cuŠQv‡bv m¤¢e bq|
ivóª eë¯’vi ¯^vfvweK weeZ©b:
K…wÎg I A¯^vfvweK Dcv‡q †Kvb ivóª cÖwZwôZ nq bv|
1. GKRvqMv †_‡K ˆZwi K‡i G‡b Ab¨ RvqMvq cÖwZôv Kiv m¤¢e bq|
2. ‡Kvb GKwU mgv‡Ri ga¨Kvi ˆbwZK PwiÎ, wPšÍv-†PZbv, gb-gvbwmKZv, mf¨Zv-ms¯‹„wZ Ges BwZnvm-HwZn¨MZ
Kvh©Kvi‡Yi mgwš^Z Kg©cÖwµqvi djkÖ“wZ‡Z|
3. m¤ú~Y© ¯^vfvweK wbq‡g Rb¥jvf K‡i Bmjvgx ivóª|
4. mvgvwRK D`¨g, DÏxcbv, †SuvKcÖeYZv cÖf…wZ wbweo m¤úK© ivóª MV‡bi c~e©kZ©|
5. cÖwk¶YcÖvß †bZ…Z¡ cÖ‡qvRb|
6. mvgvwRK Kvh©µg I cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e|
7. `xN© cÖvbvšÍKi †Póv (†hgb Ñ exR n‡Z dj)|
Av`wk©K ivóª :
1. Bmjvgx iv‡óªi êwkó¨ : (i) Bmjvgx ivóª GKwU Av`wk©K ivóª| (ii) msKxY© RvZxqZvev‡ì cÖfvegy³|
2. divmx wec‡ei Av`wk©K iv‡óªi ¶xY iwk¥ †`Lv †M‡jI RvZxqZvev‡ì cÖfv‡e Pvcv c‡o Zv wejyß nq| (i) ivwkqvi
Kgy¨wbRg I mgvRZ‡š¿i †gŠwjK bxwZi Dci cÖwZwôZ n‡jI AwZmË¡i Zv Av`k©Pz¨Z nq| (ii) gymwjg †`‡ki
KZ„Z¡kxj †jv‡Kiv RvZxqZvev‡ì AvLovq c‡o Bmjvgx fveaviv I Av`k©wfwËK iv‡óªi aviYv nvwi‡q †d‡j‡Q|
3. Av`k© ivóª ev¯Íevq‡bi cÖ‡qvRb: K) wfwË ¯’vcb n‡Z P‚ovšÍ ch©vq ch©š— cÖvq Aw¯—Z¡ i¶v Kiv| DË‡ivËi kw³ e„w×
Kiv| L) RvZxqZvev`x wPšÍv-c×wZ msMVb cÖYvjx cwinvi Kiv|
4. Av`k©wfwËK iv‡óªi j‡¶¨: K) RvwZ-eY©-†MvÎ wbwe©‡k‡l mK‡ji Kv‡Q Gi Av`k© †ck Kiv| L) †mB Av`k© Abyhvqx
mgvR Ges ivóª MVb K‡i Kj¨vY mvab|
Avjvni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ Ges gvby‡li cÖwZwbwaZ¡ wfwËK ivóª
(K) Bnvi êwkó¨:
1. Bmjvgx iv‡óªi g~j eywbqv`
2. wbwLj wek¦ RMr Avj-vn ZvAvjvi ivR¨| wZwb Bnvi cÖf‚, kvmK I weavb`vZv|
3. gvbyl GB `ywbqvq Avj-vni cÖwZwbwa|
4. †Ljvd‡Zi GB `vwq‡Z¡i Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB Avjvni Kv‡Q Revew`wn Ki‡Z n‡e|
(L) Bmjvgx iv‡óªi ¯îƒc:
1. GUv ag©nxb ivóª n‡Z m¤ú~Y© Avjv`v|
2. GUv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ GK we‡kl g‡bve„wË we‡kl cÖK…wZ Ges we‡kl ai‡bi wba©vib Avek¨K|
3. ag©nxb iv‡óªi RR I cÖavb wePvi cÖwZ Bmjvgx iv‡óªi †Kivbx nIqvi †hvM¨Zv iv‡L bv|
4. Bmjvgx iv‡óªi cÖwZwU wefv‡Mi Rb¨ †Lv`vfxwZ, wbR KZ©e¨ cvjb I †mRb¨ Avjvni Kv‡Q Reve w`wni Zxeª Abyf‚wZ
I DbœZ Pwi‡Îi AwaKvix †jv‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb|
32
M) Bmjvgx ivóª cwiPvjbv Kvix‡ì êwkó¨:
 c„w_exi wecyj cwigvb m¤úwË n¯ÍMZ _vK‡jI Zviv Zvi c~b© AvgvbZ`vi|
 ivRkw³ KivqË n‡jI myL wb`ªv Z¨vM K‡i Rb¯^v‡_© i¶Yv‡e¶Y|
 hy‡× weRqx †`‡k wnsmvZ¥K Kv‡R wjß bv n‡q Zv‡ì B¾Z Aveª“i †ndvRZKvix|
 wb‡R‡ì ¯^v_©‡K aywjm¨vr K‡i Ac‡ii ¯^v_©‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qv|
 Avš—R©vwZK ivRbxwZ‡Z Zviv Ggb gh©v`vi AwaKvix n‡e †h, Zv‡ì mZZv, mZëv`xZv, b¨vqciqbZv, ˆbwZK I
PvwiwÎK, g~j bxwZi AbymiY Ges cÖwZkÖ“wZ I Pzw³ cvj‡bi e¨vcv‡i †MvUv wek¦ Zv‡ì Dci Av¯’vkxj n‡e|
Bmjvgx wec‡ei c×wZ ev cš’v :
1. Bmjvgx iv‡óªi A‡jŠwKK Avwe©fve NUbv
 Bmjvgx Rxeb `k©b PwiÎ I cÖK…wZi we‡kl gvcKvwV Abyhvqx MwVZ e¨vcK Av‡›`vjb m„wó Kiv|
 ‡bZv I Kg©x‡ì GB wewkó Av`‡k© AvZ¥MVb Kiv|
 mgvR Rxe‡b Abyiƒc g‡bve„Ë I ˆbwZK DÏxcbv RvMÖZ Kiv|
 Bmjvgx Av`‡k© bvMwiK‡ì M‡o Zzj‡Z GKwU Awfbe wk¶v c×wZ Pvjy Kiv|
 Ávb-weÁv‡bi cÖ‡Z¨KwU kvLvq Bmjvgx `„wófw½‡Z wPš—v I KvR Ki‡Z m¶g Ggb †jvK M‡o †Zvjv|
 Bmjvgx Av`‡k©i wPš—v-‡PZbv I Kg© Rxe‡bi GKwU cwic~Y© cwiKíbv cÖYqb|
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb PZzcv‡k¦© hveZxq AevwÂZ Rxebavivi weiƒ‡× cÖKv‡k¨ msMÖvg Ki‡e|
2. Bnv‡Z wb‡gœv³ dj cvIqv hv‡e:
 cix¶vi AwMœ`n‡b DËxY© Z¨vMx †jvK ˆZwi n‡e|
 G Av‡›`vj‡b Ggbme †jvK ch©vqµ‡g †hvM`vb Ki‡e hv‡ì cÖK…wZ‡Z mZ¨-b¨v‡qi Dcv`vb Aš—wb©wnZ i‡q‡Q|
 me©‡k‡l Kvw•LZ ivóª eë¯’vi ¯^cœ ev¯—evwqZ n‡e|
3. †h †Kvb ai‡bi wece m„wó Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb :-
 GKwU we‡kl ai‡bi Av‡›`vjb|
 we‡kl ai‡bi mvgvwRK †PZbv m¤úbœ ˆbwZK I mvs¯‹…wZK cwi‡ek m„vó| D`vniY: i“k wece, Rvg©vwbi
mgvRZ‡š¿i wece|
Aev¯—e Kíbv ev avibv :
1. wKQz †jv‡Ki aviYv Ñ gymwjg RvwZ‡K GKwU †K›`ªxq †bZ…‡Z¡i Aax‡b GKB cvUd‡g© msMwVZ I cwiPvwjZ Ki‡Z
cvi‡jB Bmjvgx ivóª Avcbv AvcwbB cÖwZwôZ n‡e|
2. gymjgvb‡ì eZ©gvb ˆbwZK I ag©xq Ae¯’vi ¯îƒc †hgb- PwiÎMZ w`K †_‡K `ywbqvi gymwjg I Agymwjg RvwZ¸‡jvi
me¸‡jvi Ae¯’v cÖvq GKB| D`vniYt Av`vj‡Z wg_¨v mv¶x †Ìqv, eëmv-evwY‡R¨ `yb©xwZ, †ivRvi w`‡b GKB mv‡_
LvIqv, my`, Nyl, †Rbv BZ¨vwì mv‡_ wjß nIqv|
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mwVK Kg©cš’v:
nhiZ gynv¤§` (mv) Gi Kg©cš’vB n‡”Q Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mwVK Kg©cš’v| Zvi Abym„Z wewkó Kg©cš’v¸‡jv wbgœiƒc:
1. Bmjvg n‡jv †mB Av‡›`vj‡bi bvg hv gvbe Rxe‡bi †MvUv BgviZ wbg©vb Ki‡Z Pvq GK Avjvni mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i
`„wófw½i Dci|
2. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi j¶¨ †Kvb Bmy¨‡K †K›`ª K‡i bq|
3. g~j j¶¨ Avjvni GKZ¡ I mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i `vIqvZ †Ìqv|
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mwVK Kg©bxwZi PviwU w`K i‡q‡Q:
K) Avjvni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ †g‡b †bIqvi Avnevb| M) ‡bZv wQ‡jb Av`‡k©i g‡Wj|
L) AMœx cix¶vq wbLuv` cÖgvwbZ nIqv| N) Av`‡k©i Kvh©Ki ¯^vfvweK wece|
K) Avjvni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ †g‡b †bIqvi Avnevb:
1. eyw×gvb I ev¯—eev`x n‡q _vKv Z‡e eyw×gËv I ev¯—e ev`xZvi `vex n‡jv †mB gnvb mgªv‡Ui ûKz‡gi m¤§y‡L gv_v bZ
K‡i `vI Zvi GKvš— AvbyMZ¨ `vm n‡q hvI|
2. ‡MvUv RvwZi GKRbB mgªvU gvwjK Ges mve©‡fŠg KZ©v i‡q‡Qb| Ab¨ Kv‡iv KZ…Z¡ Kivi †Kvb AwaKvi bvB|
3. Avjvn Qvov Avwg mK‡ji weiƒ‡× we‡`ªvnx [Ges hviv Avjvn‡K gv‡b Zviv e¨wZZ]
4. GB †NvlYv D”PviY Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ wek¦evmx Avcbvi kÎ“ n‡e Ges PZzw`©K †_‡K mvc, we”Qz Avi wnsmª cïiv
Avcbv‡K wbg©gfv‡e AvµgY Ki‡Q|
L) AwMœ cix¶vq wbLuv` cÖgvwYZ nIqv:
1. jv Bjvnv Bjvjvn GB †NvlYv nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †cvc (L„÷vb) VuvKzi‡ì mKj kw³ HKë× n‡jv G¸‡jv MVb K‡i
n‡jv HK¨‡RvU|
2. Zv‡ì Dci †b‡g Av‡m KwVb AZ¨vPvi Ges Gi d‡jB Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb gReyZ nq Ges µgweKvk I cÖmvi jvf K‡i|
3. Gi d‡jB mgv‡Ri gwb-gy³v¸‡jv Av‡›`vj‡b kwiK nq|
4. GKw`‡K GB wecex Kv‡djvq hviv kwiK nw”Qj ev¯—‡e gq`v‡b Zv‡ì n‡Z _v‡K h_v_© cÖwk¶Y|
5. wKQz †jvK w`‡bi ci w`b gvi Lv‡”Q G †`‡L wKQz gvbyl Drmvnx nq Giv wK Kvi‡Y gvi Lv‡”Q|
33
M) †bZv wQ‡jb Av`‡k©i g‡Wj:
1. eZ©gvb Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZv Kg©x‡ì †mB gnvb †bZvi †bZ…Z¡ Av`k©, mnvbyf~wZ Ges mvwe©Kfv‡e Zvi g‡Wj‡K
AbymiY Kiv GKvš— ìKvi|
2. GB †bZvi ¯¿x wQ‡jb wecyj Hk¦‡h©i gvwjK|
3. Kvwjgvi `vIqvZ Keyj I gvbyl‡K G `vIqvZ †Ìqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv‡ì m¤ú` †kl n‡q hvq|
4. ‡bZv wQ‡jb AZ¨š— âh©kxj I mnbkxj|
5. mgKvjxb mg‡q Zv‡K Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi KvR bv Kivi cÖwZdj wnmv‡e Avie Rvnv‡bi ev`kvnx Ges Avi‡ei †kªô
my›ìx bvix w`‡Z †P‡q wQj| wKš‘ wZwb Zv N„Yvf‡i cÖZ¨vLvb K‡ib Ges wZi¯‹vi Avi cÖ¯—ve¨MZ mš‘ówP‡Ë MÖnY
K‡ib|
6. AZ¨š— Mi‡gi mgq gi“f~wgi ga¨ w`‡q cv‡q †nu‡U Øx‡bi `vIqvZ w`‡Zb mv_x‡ì mv‡_ wb‡q|
7. nv‡kgx †Mv‡Îi †jv‡Kiv GB Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖwZ Abxnv wQj|
N) Av`‡k©i Kvh©Ki ¯^vfvweK wece:
Bmjvgx ivóª cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ GK`j †jvK‡K m¤ú~Y©fv‡e ˆZwi Kiv n‡qwQj hviv Bmjv‡gi c~Y© cÖwk¶Y †c‡q GZUv
†hvM¨ n‡qwQj †h Zviv †h‡Kvb Ae¯’v I cwiw¯’wZ‡Z gymjgvb wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b m¶g wQj| D`vniY: g`xbvq GKwU
Bmjvgx ivóª|
GK_v mZ¨ †h, GKv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ‡hvRb Cgvb, BmjvgxK †PZbv, HKvwš—K wbôv, gReyZ B”Qvkw³ Ges e¨w³MZ
Av‡eM, D”Qvm I ¯^v‡_©i wbtkZ© KzievYx| GKv‡Ri Rb¨ Ggb GK`j `ytmvnmx hye‡Ki cª‡qvRb hviv m‡Zï cÖwZ Cgvb G‡b
Zvi Dci cvnv‡oi gZ AUj n‡q _vK‡e| Ab¨‡Kvb w`‡K Zv‡ì `„wó wbeÜ n‡e bv| c„w_ex‡Z hvB NUzKbv †Kb, Zviv wb‡R‡ì
j¶¨-D‡Ï‡kï c_ †_‡K GK BwÂI wePz¨Z n‡e bv|
12. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb : Kgx©‡ì cvi¯úwiK m¤úK©

Lyiig Rvn& gyiv`
‡jLK cwiwPwZ t
 bvg t BwÄwbqvi Lyi&ig Rvn& gyiv`
 wcZvi bvg t gÄyi Avjx gyiv`
 gvZvi bvg t †eMg AvbZzj nvB
 1932 mv‡ji fvi‡Zi ga¨cÖ‡`‡ki ivRavbx f~cv‡j
 MED BwÄwbqvwis K‡jR, KivPx †_‡K MÖvRy‡qkb
 hy³iv‡óªi wf‡bUv BDwbfvwm©wU †_‡K wmwf‡j ‡cv÷ MÖvRy‡qkb
 Bmjvgx Rwgq‡Z Zvjvev, cvwK¯—v‡bi †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ wQ‡jb
 1957 mv‡j ACE (Associate Council Engineer) Gi GgwW wn‡m‡e evsjv‡`‡k Av‡mb
 1960-70 ch©š— wZwb XvKv gnvbMix Rvgvqv‡Zi Avgxi wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib
 1970 mv‡j jÛ‡bi `vIqvZzj Bmjvg Uªv‡÷ †hvM`vb K‡ib
 Kvev kix‡di m¤cÖmviY Kv‡R wZwb AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib Ges Zvi bv‡g Kvev kix‡d ev‡e Lyiig gyiv` bv‡g
GKwU ìRv Av‡Q
 1996 mv‡j g„Zzï c~e© ch©š— wZwb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx cvwK¯—v‡bi bv‡q‡e Avgx‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|
cÖv_wgK K_vt
HwZnvwmKfv‡e GK_v mZ¨ †h, cªvK Bmjvgx hy‡M gvby‡l gvby‡l ‡Kvb fvZ„‡Z¡i eÜb wQjbv| wewfbœ †MvÎ, `j, Lv›`v‡b
wef³ wQj| wQj ci¯ú‡ii i³ wccvmy I Rvbgvj B¾‡Zi `ykgb| GgZe¯’vq kÎ“Zv fy‡j mym¤úK© I åvZ…‡Z¡ i gnvb wk¶v
w`‡qwQj nhiZ gynv¤§` (mv)|
hvi cÖfv‡e me©Kv‡ji me‡P‡q wek„OLj RvwZ me©‡kªó RvwZ‡Z iƒcvËwiZ n‡Z †c‡iwQj| cÖwZôv Ki‡Z‡c‡iwQj GKwU
Av`k© ivóª, Avi Zv m¤¢e n‡qwQj †KejgvÎ cvi¯úwiK åvZ…‡Z¡i my¯úó cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g| myZivs ejv hvq Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi
Kg©x‡ì Rb¨ Ggb GKwU Jla Z_v cvi¯úwiK mym¤úK© I åvZ…Z‡¡ ev‡ai RvMiY AwZe cÖ‡qvRb|
†gŠwjK Av‡jvPbvt
cÖK…Z c‡¶ Av‡jvP¨ welq n‡”Q wZbwU
1. cÖ‡qvRbxq ¸bvejx
2. aŸsm I `ye©jKvix Dcv`vb Ges Zv †Z‡K euvPvi Dcvq
3. ‡h mg¯— ¸bvejx m¤úK©‡K gReyZ I DbœZ K‡i
34
eBwUi 4wU fv‡M i‡q‡Qt
1. cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i wfwË, Zvi ¸i“Z¡ I 3. m¤úK©‡K weK…wZ †_‡K i¶v Kivi Dcvq
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv 4. m¤úK©‡K `©pZi Kivi cš’v|
2. Pwi‡Îi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I Zvi †gŠwjK ‰ewkó¨
১. cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i wfwË Zvi ¸i“Z¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
1. m¤ú‡K©i wfwË I gh©v`v
(K) m¤ú‡K©i cÖK…wZ
(L) Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡ì m¤úK© GKwU Av`wk©K m¤úK©
(M) GUv †Kvb nvjKv ev Vyb‡Kv m¤úK© bq| Mfxi I cÖMvi fvjevmv Ges w¯’wZkxjZvi mgš^‡q iwPZ|
2. åvZ…Z¡ Cgv‡bi Acwinvh© `vwe
(K) cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i Dci ‡MvUv Rxeb IZ‡cvZ fv‡e RwoZ GRb¨ Cgvb gywgb‡ì ‡K mKj gvbyl‡ì
mv‡_
mvaviY fv‡e Ges ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ we‡kl fv‡e m¤úK© ¯’vc‡bi wb‡`©k †`q|
(L) Avi G m¤úK©‡K Av`j I Bnmv‡bi Dci cªwZôv Kivi Rb¨ GKwU c~b©v½ Rxeb eë¯’vi w`K wb‡`©kbv ‡`q|
3. wek¦e¨vcx Bmjvgx wec‡ei Rb¨ åvZ…Z¡ Acwinvh©
(K) Cgv‡bi j¶¨ n‡”Q wek¦e¨vcx Bmjvgx wece m„wó
(L) wec‡ei Rb¨ GKwU myw`„p, w¯’wZkxj I åvZ…Z¡k~jf m¤úK© Acwinvh©|
(M) G m¤ú‡K©i cÖK…wZ n‡e kxlv Xvjv cÖvPx‡ii b¨vq|
4. åvZ…‡Z¡i `vwe Zvi ¸i“Z¡ I djvdj
(K) åvZ…‡Z¡i `vwe n‡”Q ‡mvnv`©¨g~jK m¤úK©, eÜzZ¡, ingZ I fvjevmvi m¤úK©
(L) åvZ…‡Z¡i ¸i“Z¡, ivmy‡ji evbx-Ò‡Zvgiv Z‡Zv¶Y ch©š— gywgb n‡e bv, h‡Zv¶Y bv ci¯úi‡K
ev‡jvevm‡eÓ (gymwjg-Avey ûivqiv)
(M) åvZ…‡Z¡i djvdj:-  Cgvb c~b© n‡e  Av‡Liv‡Zi mdjZv
5. AvwLiv‡Z åvZ…‡Z¡i mydj
(K) Avjvni D‡Ï‡k¨ fvjevmvi m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kvixiv Avi‡ki QvqvZ‡j _vK‡eb
(L) m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kvix‡ì Rb¨ b~‡ii wg¤î ‰Zwi n‡e|
6. cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i ¸i“Z¡
(K) †KejgvÎ Avjvni Rb¨ GK Bgv‡bi wfwË‡Z cvi¯úwiK fvjevmvi m¤úK© ¯’vcb Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi
Rb¨ ¸i“Z¡c~b©
(L) cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i weK…wZ ‡MvUv Øxb‡K wbwðý K‡i ‡`q|
২. Pwi‡Îi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I Zvi †gŠwjK êwkó¨
1. Kj¨vb Kvgbv :- Kj¨vY Kvgbvi cÖK…wZ gvb`Û n‡”Q ‡h, gvbym wb‡Ri Rb¨ hv cQ›` Ki‡e Zvi fvB‡qi Rb¨ ZvB
cQ›` Ki‡e| ZvB Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©xMY ci¯úi‡K fvjevm‡e Ges Kj¨vY Kvgbv Ki‡e ‡h i“c m‡nvì fvB‡qi Kj¨vY
Kvgbv Kiv nq|
2. AvZ¥Z¨vM :- GKRb gymjgvb Zvi fvB‡qi Rb¨ ïay wb‡Ri cQ›`B K‡ibv eis wb‡Ri Dci AMÖvwaKvi ‡`q|
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©xMY wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvRb‡K gyjZex ‡i‡L Ac‡ii cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡eb|
3. Av`j (mywePvi) :- K) †jvK‡ì AwaKv‡ii †¶‡Î mgZv I fvimvg¨ KRvq ivLv
L) cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki AwaKvi ¯^vaxb I wbi‡c¶ fv‡e eywS‡q w`‡Z n‡e|
4. Bn&mvb (m`vPiY) :- K) Bnmvb A_© nj m¤ú‡K©i ˆmv›`h© I c~b©Zv `vb Kiv|
L) m¤ú‡K©i †¶‡Î Av`j hw` AcªxwZ I wZ³Zv †_‡K i¶v K‡i Z‡e Bnmvb Zv‡Z gvayh© I
m¤cÖxwZ m„wó K‡i|
5. ingZ :- K) ing‡Zi G ¸YB e¨w³‡K RbwcÖq K‡i †Zv‡j Ges mvaviY †jvK‡ì‡K Zvi cªwZ AvK…ó K‡i|
L) ivmy‡ji evbx- Òhviv ing K‡i, ingvb Zv‡Ì cÖwZ ing K‡ib| †Zvgiv `ywbqvevmxi cÖwZ ing K‡iv,
†hb Avmgvbevmx †Zvgv‡ì ing K‡ib|Ó
6. gvR©bv :- Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©xMY ci¯úi G‡K A‡bï ‡`vlÎ“wU gvR©bv Ki‡e| KviY hviv `ywbqvi Rxe‡b
¶vgv K‡i
‡`‡eb| Zv‡ì‡K ¶gv K‡i ‡`‡eb| Zv‡ì‡K Avjvn Zvqvjvi ¶gv I gvR©bvi ZxwZ MÖnY Kiv DwPr|
7. wbf©eZv :- †gvwgbMb G‡K A‡bï Dci †hb wbf©i Ki‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr Zvi mg¯— ‡Mvcb welqvwì e¨vcv‡iI c~Y©
wbðqZvi
mv‡_ cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i A‡bï Kv‡Q| Avi GUvB nj åvZ…‡Z¡i `vwe|
8. g~‡j¨vcjwä :- gvbyl Zvi G m¤ú‡K©i ¸i“Z¡ I gh©v`v m¤ú‡K© GZUzKz AewnZ n‡e, hv‡Z K‡i Gi mwVK g~jÜv †m
Dcjwä
35
Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avi GUv ZLwb m¤¢e n‡e hLb †m †Kvb µ‡gB Zvi G m¤úK© wQbœ Ki‡Z m¤§Z n‡ebv|
৩. m¤úK©‡K weK„wZ †_‡K i¶v Kivi Dcvq
1. AwaKv‡i n¯—‡¶c :- GKRb gymjgv‡bi KZ©e¨ n‡”Q Zvi fvB‡qi AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ †Kvb GKwU AwaKvi I niY
Kivi Aciva
hv‡Z †m Aciva bv nq Zvi cÖwZKv‡ii w`‡K `„wó ivLv| ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb, Ò‡h e¨w³ Kmg †L‡q †Kvb gymjgv‡bi nK
bó K‡i‡Q,
Avjvn wbtm‡›`‡n Zvi cÖwZ Rvnvbœvg‡K Awbevh© Ges RvbœvZ‡K nvivg K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|
2. †`n I cÖv‡bi wbivcËv :- †Kvb gymwjg fvB‡qi †`n cÖv‡Yi wbivcËvi Rb¨ GKRb A‡bï Rb¨ me©`v cª¯—Z
_vK‡e| | ivmyj
(mv:) e‡jb, Ògymjgvb‡K Mvwj ‡`qv dv‡mKx Avi Zvi m‡½ jovB Kiv n‡”Q Kzdix|Ó (eyLvix, gymwjg)
3. KUyfvlv I MvjvMvj :- †Kvb fvB‡K mv¶v‡Z MvjvMvj Kiv Zvi m‡½ KUz fvlvq K_v ejv Ges VvUªv we`ªyc Kiv m¤ú~b©
bvRv‡qR| ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb, Ò†Kvb KUyfwl I ev` ¯^fve wewkó e¨w³ RvbœvZ cÖ‡ek Ki‡ebv|Ó
4. MxeZ :- MxeZ n‡”Q gvbyl Zvi fB‡qi mvb‡b bq eis Zvi ‡cQ‡b e‡m wb›`v Kiv|
5. †QvMj‡Lvix :- Mxe‡Zi GKwU we‡kl iƒc nj †QvMj‡Lvix| ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb, Ò‡QvMj‡Lvi Rvbœv‡Z hv‡ebv|Ó
6. kiwg›`v Kiv :- Avcb fvB‡K Zviv mv¶v‡Z ev Ab¨ †jv‡Ki mvg‡b Zvi †`vlÎ“wU Rb¨ j¾v †Ìqv Ges Gfv‡e
Acgvbbv
Kiv kiwg›`vi Aš—fy³ © | ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb, Ò‡h e¨w³ Zvi fvB‡K Zvi ¸bv‡ni Rb¨ j¾v w`j Zvi Øviv †mB ¸bvn
KvR bv nIqv ch©š— †m g„ZyëiY Ki‡ebv|Ó ivmyj (mv:) Av‡iv e‡jb, ÒZv‡ì‡K †Kvb †`vl ev ¸bv‡ni j¶¨ evwb‡q
kiwg›`v I AcgvbxZ K‡ibv|Ó
7. wQ`ªv‡š^lY :- †Kvb fvB‡qi †`vlÎ“wU Ly‡R †eov‡bvB wQ`ªv‡š^lY Kiv| | ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb, Ògymjgvb‡ì †`vl
Luy‡R †ewo‡qvbv| KviY, †h e¨w³ Zvi gymwjg fvB‡qi †Mvcb †`vl I ¸bvn LuyR‡Z _v‡K, Avjvn Zvi †Mvcb †`vl
duvm Ki‡Z †j‡M hvb| Avi Avjvn hvi †`vl cÖKvk Ki‡Z †j‡M hvb, Zv‡K wZwb Acgvb K‡iB Qv‡ob-‡m Zvi N‡ii
g‡a¨B jywK‡q _vKzK bv †Kb|Ó
8. Dcnvm Kiv :- VvUªv we`ª“‡ci gva¨‡g G‡K Ab¨‡K †nq cÖwZcbœ Kiv| Avjvn cweÎ KziAv‡b e‡jb, Ò‡n
Cgvb`viMY, †Kvb m¤cÖ`vq Aci †Kv‡bv m¤cÖ`vq‡K VvUªv K‡ivbv, m¤¢eZt †m Zvi PvB‡Z †kªô n‡e| Avi †Kvb bvix
Aci †Kvb bvix‡K VvUªv K‡iv bv, m¤¢eZ †m †kªô n‡e Zvi PvB‡Z|Ó (myiv ûRivZ : 11)
9. Zy”Q Ávb Kiv :- Aci fvB‡K Zz”Q Ávb Kiv gvivZ¥K ¸bv‡ni KvR| ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb, Ò‡Kvb gymjgvb Aci
gymjgvb‡K iv Acgvi Ki‡e Avi bv Zz”Q Ávb Ki‡e|Ó
10. wbK„ó Abygvb :- cÖZ¨¶ Ávb Qvov †Kvb gymjgvb hw` Zvi fvB m¤ú‡K© A‡nZzK m‡›`n K‡i Z‡e ZvnvB wbK…ó
Abygvb| Abygvb K‡i K_v ejv ¸bv‡ni KvR| G m¤ú‡K© Avjvn cÖweÎ KziAv‡b e‡jb, Ò†n Cgvb`viMb, eûAbygvb
†_‡K †Zvgiv †eu‡P _v‡Kv, wbtm‡›`‡n †Kvb-‡Kvb Abygvb n‡”Q ¸bvn|Ó (myiv ûRivZ: 12) ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb,
Ò‡Zvgiv Abygvb cwinvi K‡iv, †Kbbv Abygvb n‡”Q wbK…óZg wg_¨v K_v|Ó (eyLvix,gymwjg; Avey ûivqiv iv:)
11. Acev` :- Mxe‡Zi †P‡qI gvivZ¥K Aciva nj Ac‡ii Kv‡Q GK fvB m¤ú‡K© wg_¨v ejv ‡h †`vl Gi g‡a¨ †m
†bB| G m¤ú‡K© Avjvn cÖweÎ KziAv‡b e‡jb, Òhviv gymjgvb cyi“l I gymjgvb bvixi cÖwZ wg_¨v Acev` Pvwc‡q
Kó †`q, Zwiv Avcb gv_vq Ôeyn&ZvbÕ I ¯úó ¸bvn Pvwc‡q wb‡jv|Ó (myiv Avnhve: 58)
12. ¶wZmvab :- gywgb‡ì j¶¨ ivLv AwZe cÖ‡qvRb ‡h, Zvi Øvivq †hb A‡bï ¶wZ mvab bv nq| nvw`‡m ¶wZ mvab
Kvix‡K Awfkß ejv n‡q‡Q|
13. g‡bvKó :- gymjgvb‡ì Aek¨B Pjv-‡div, K_v-evZ©vq mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e †h, Zvi Øviv †hb †KD g‡bvKó bv
cvq| KviY Gi Øviv m¤úK© bó nq|
14. ‡avKuv ‡Ìqv :- K_v evZ©v ev †jb‡`‡b Avcb fvB‡K †avuKv †`qv ev wg‡Q K_vejv m¤ú‡K© gymjgvb‡ì‡K Aek¨B
¯îb ivL‡Z n‡e| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, Òme PvB‡Z eo wLqvbZ n‡”Q GB ‡h, Zzwg †Zvgvi fvB‡K †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡j
†m †Zvgv‡K mZëv`x g‡b Ki‡jv; A_P Zzwg Zv‡K wg_¨v K_v ej‡j|Ó (wZiwghx; mywdqvb web Avmv`)
15. wnsmv :- wnsmv ev cikªxKvZiZv GK N„Y¨ e¨vwa| GB gvivZ¥K e¨vwai cÖfv‡e †jvK‡ì Cgvb wecbœ n‡q c‡o|
wnsmvi g~‡j KZ¸‡jv wRwbm _v‡K| †hgb we‡Øl, kÎ“Zv, e¨w³MZ AnwgKv, Ac‡ii m¤ú©‡K nxbgbœZv Aci‡K
AbyMZ Kivi †cªibv BZ¨vw`| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, Ò‡Zvgiv wnsmv †_‡K †eu‡P _vK | Kvib Av¸b †hgb jvKwo‡K
†L‡q †d‡j , wnsmv wVK †Zgwb †bKx I cyY¨‡K †L‡‡h †d‡j|Ó
৪. m¤ú©‡K `„pZi Kivi cš’v

1. gvb B¾‡Zi wbivcËv :- GK gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ Av‡iK gymjgv‡bi gvb B¾‡Zi wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| GUv
m¤¢e n‡j Avš—wiKZv M‡o D‡V|
36
2. `ytL K‡ó AskMÖnY :- gywgYMb n‡”Q GKwU †`n| †`‡ni GK As‡k hw` AvNvZ cªvß nq| Z‡e Ab¨ Ask I †Zgb
Kó Abyfe K‡i| wVK †Zgwb GK gymjgvb Aci gymjgv‡bi `ytL K‡ó kixK _vK‡e|
3. mgv‡jvPbv I bmxnZ :- wb‡Ri †`vl GKwU wb‡Ri †Pv‡L aiv c‡obv| ZvB gywgbMb G‡K Aci‡K MVb gyjK
mgv‡jvPbv I
bwQn‡Zi gva¨‡g ms‡kvab Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY nv`x‡m ejv n‡q‡Q GK gymjgvb Aci gymjgv‡bi Avqbv ¯î~c|
4. †gvjvKvZ :- GKZv mZ¨ †h ci¯úi AwaK mv¶v‡Zi d‡jB GK Rb gvby‡li mv‡_ Av‡iK Rb gvby‡li eÜb wU‡K
_v‡K|
myZvivs †gvjvKv‡Zi ¸i“Z¡ Acwimxg|
5. i“Mœ fvB‡qi cwiPh©v :- †Kvb e¨w³ hw` †ivMvK&ªvš— n‡q c‡o Z‡e Zvi †mev k&ªïlvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| d‡j eÜz‡Z¡i
eÜb Av‡iv `„X nq| ivmyj (mv:)e‡jb ÒhLb †m †ivMvK&ªvš— nq Zv‡K †mev Ki Ó|
6. Av‡e‡Mi ewn:cÖKvk :- †Kvb gvby‡li g‡a¨ Kv‡iv cÖwZ †cªg fvjevmv _vK‡j Zv Av‡e‡Mi gva¨‡g ewn:cÖKvk cv‡e|
Gfv‡e cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© e„w× cv‡e|
7. cÖxwZ I †Lvk-‡gRv‡Ri mv‡_ gyjvKvZ :- cwi”Qbœ gb w`‡q mv¶v‡Z K_v ejvi mgq wgwó K_v ejvi Ges VvUªv
we`ª“c I Dcnvm †_‡K `~‡i _vKv| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, Ò‡bK Kv‡Ri †fZi †Kv‡bvUv‡K Zz”Q Ávb K‡iv bv, hw` Zv
Avcb fvB‡qi mv‡_ †Zvgvi nv‡m¨v¾¡j mv¶vr Kivi Z~jÏ n‡e|Ó (gymwjg; Avey hi iv.)
8. mvjvg :- cvi¯úwiK m¤ú©K e„w×‡Z mvjv‡gi weKí †bB| mvjv‡gi gva¨‡g AÜKvi `~ixf~Z nq| GRb¨ ivmyj (mv:)
e‡jb, Òcvi¯úi mvjvg wewbgq Ki|Ó
9. gyQvdvn :- gyQvdvni gva¨‡g cvi¯úwiK fv‡jvevmv I ü`qv‡eM cÖKv‡ki wØZxq gva¨g| A_©vr mvjv‡gi †MvUv
fveavivB GØviv c~b©ZvcÖvß nq| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, ÒgyQvdvnvi Øviv †Zvgv‡ì cvi¯úwiK mvjv‡gi c~Y©ZvcÖvwß
N‡U|Ó (wZiwghx; Avey Dgvjvû iv.)
10. DrK…ó bv‡g WvKv :- KvD‡K Zvi cQ›`bxq fvlvq m¤§‡avb Ki‡j †m Lykx nq| Avš—wiKZv P‡j Av‡m| c¶vš—‡Z
Dcbv‡g ev weK…Z bv‡g WvK‡j gb Lvivc K‡i m¤úK© bó nq|
11. e¨w³MZ e¨vcv‡i JrmyK¨ :- Avš—wiK fv‡jvevmvi GKwU Ab¨Zg ZvwK` n‡”Q, wb‡Ri e¨w³nZ e¨vcv‡ii b¨vq
Avcb fvB‡qi e¨w³nZ e¨vcv‡iI JrmyK¨ †cvlY Kiv| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, ÒGK e¨w³ hLb Ab¨ e¨w³i m‡½ eÜzZ¡
Ki‡e, ZLb Zvi Kv‡Q †_‡K Zvi bvg, Zvi wcZvi bvg Ges Zvi †MvÎ-cwiPq wR‡Ám K‡i wb‡e| KviY GiØviv
cvi¯úwiK fv‡jvevmvi wkKo AwaKZi gReyZ nq|Ó (wZiwghx, BqvwR` web bvAvgvn iv.)
12. nv`xqv :- m¤úK© e„w×i AwZ DËg cš’v nj gv‡m gv‡m Dcnvi †Ìqv| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, ÒG‡K Aci‡K nvw`qv
cvVvI, GiØviv cvi¯úwiK fv‡jvevmv e„w× cv‡e Ges ü`‡qi `~iZ¡ I kÎ“Zv wejxb n‡q hv‡e|Ó (gyqvËv gvwjK;
AvZ¡v)
13. †kvKi-‡MvRvix :- Ac‡ii fv‡jvevmv Dcjwä‡K cÖKvk Kivi R‡b¨ †kvKi-‡MvRvix n‡”Q GKwU DËg cš’v| ivmyj
(mv:) e‡j‡Qb, Ò‡KD hLb Zuvi †L`g‡Z wKQy †ck Ki‡Z wZwb ïKwiqvi mv‡_ Zv MÖnY Ki‡Zb Ges †KD Zvi †Kvb
KvR K‡i w`‡j †mR‡b¨ wZwb K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Ki‡Zb|
14. GK‡Î e‡m Avnvi :- Avš—wiKZv, fvjevmv cÖKv‡ki GKwU PgrKvi cš’v nj GK‡Î e‡m Avnvi Kiv| bex Kvixg
(mv:)-Gi Kv‡Q †Kvb Lvevi wRwbm _vK‡j A_ev †Kv_vI †_‡K wKQy Avm‡j wZwb †MvUv gRwjm‡K Zv‡Z kixK
Ki‡Zb|
15. ‡`vqv :- GKRb Av‡iKR‡bi Rb¨ †`vqv Ki‡j hw` †m e¨w³ Zv †`L‡Z cvq Z‡e ‡m gy» nq| Zfv‡e Avjvni
Kv‡Q cÖv_©bvi gva¨‡g c¯úK© e„w× cvq|
16. my›ìfv‡e Reve †`qv :- cvi¯úwiK K_v evZ©vq †Kvb cÖ‡kœi Reve my›ì fv‡e ‡`qv hvq| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb,
Ò`yBRb †cÖwg‡Ki g‡a¨ †mB n‡”P †kªô, †h Zvi fvB‡qi cÖwZ AwaK fv‡jvevmv †cvlY K‡i|Ó
17. Av‡cvl idv Ges Awf‡hv‡M LÛb :- †Kvb e¨vcv‡i g‡bv gvwjb¨ n‡j Av‡cv‡l K‡i †bqv Ges Awf‡hvM LÛb
Kiv| Awf‡hvM †_‡K evP‡Z n‡j Kibxq- cÖ_gZt Awf‡hv‡Mi my‡hvM bv †Ìqv, wØZxqZt ìvRw`j nIqv DwPZ,
Z…ZxqZt Awf‡hvM jvjb bv K‡i Zvi fvB‡qi wbKU cÖKvk Kiv DwPZ, PZz_©Zt Awf‡hv‡M Amš‘ó bv n‡q Zvi cªwZ
K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Kiv DwPZ, cÂgZt Awf‡hvM Rvbevi m‡½ m‡½B AvZ¥ms‡kva‡bi †Póv Kiv, lôZt Awf‡hvM ¯^xKvi
Ki‡j Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡Z ‡Kvbiƒc Kvc©b¨ bv Kiv|
18. cÖfyi Kv‡Q ZIwdK Kvgbv :- eÜzZ¡, åvZ…Z¡ I fv‡jvevmvi m¤úK© n‡”Q Cgv‡bi GKwU eywbqv`x kZ©| GKRi fvB
Av‡iKRb fvB‡qi Rb¨ Avjvni wbKU webxZfv‡e gybvRvZ Kiv DwPZ| Avjvn cweÎ KziAv‡b e‡jb, Ò‡n Avgv‡ì
cÖfy! Avgv‡ì‡K Ges Avgv‡ì †mB me fvB‡K ¶gv`vb Ki hviv Avgv‡ì c~‡e© Cgvb G‡b‡Q Ges Avgv‡ì w`‡j
Cgvb`vi †jvK‡ì Rv‡b ‡Kvb wnsmv I kÎ“Zvfve †i‡Lv bv| †n Avg‡ì cÖfy! Zzwg eoB AbyMÖn m¤úbœ Ges
Ki“Yvgq|Ó (myiv nvki : 10)
13. Bmjvgx msMVb

G. †K Gg. bvwRi Avn¤§`
37
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Myi“Z¡
 A_© msNe× Kib|  ivmyj (m:) Gi evYx
 Bmjvgx msMV‡bi ms½v (BKvgv‡Z Øx‡bi KvR AvÄvg  wZb Rb n‡jI RvgvqvZx Rxeb
‡`q †h msMVb Zv‡KB ejv nq Bmjvgx msMVb)  Rvbœv‡Zi ¯^v` Dc‡fv‡Mi Rb¨
 Avjvni wb‡`©k (†Zvgiv msNe×fv‡e Avjvni  msMVb m¤ú‡K© Ig‡ii evZ©v
i¾y‡K AvuK‡o ai| Avj Bgivb-103)
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Dcv`vb
1. Bmjvgx †bZ„Z¡ 2. Bmjvgx Kg©x evwnbx 3. Bmjvgx cwiPvjbv wewa
Bmjvgx msMVb I BKvg‡Z Øxb
 mgv‡Ri PvKv MwZkxj  wec‡ei cš’v evZjv‡bvi Rb¨ bex ivmyj
 Akvwš—i gyj Kvib Bmjv‡gi Abycw¯’wZ  `vIqvZ, msMVb, cÖwk¶‡bi gva¨‡g mgvR wece I
 wec‡ei Rb¨B Bmjv‡gi Avwe©fve kvwš— cÖwZôv|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi j¶¨
1. Avjvni m‡š—vl AR©‡bi Dcvq gvbe m„wói D‡Ïk¨ mvab Avi Zv Ave&` wnmv‡e Avjvni weavb gyZv‡eK AvZ¥MVb,
cwievi MVb, `j MVb I ivóª MVb|
2.Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j nZvkvi †Kvb KviY †bB|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi †bZ…Z¡ KvVv‡gv
 †bZv GKRb  Avgxi wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g nq  c¨v‡bj _vK‡Z cv‡i
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi †bZ…Z¡ wbe©vPb
1. ZvKIqv 3. K¨vbfvm †bB
2. †hvM¨Zg e¨w³ 4. cÖv_©x nIqv hvq bv|
Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸bvejx
1. Áv‡bi †¶‡Î †kªôZ¡ 6. mvsMVwbK cÖÁv
2. DbœZ Avgj 7. †cÖibv m„wói †hvM¨Zv
3. bgª eënvi 8. my-fvlY
4. mvnwmKZv 9. bw_ cÎ msi¶‡b cvi`wk©Zv
5. mgqvbyewZ©Zv 10. wnmve msi¶‡b cvi`wk©Zv|
Bmjvgx †bZ„‡Z¡i cÖavb f~wgKv
 †bZ…Z¡‡K †K›`ª K‡i mKj KvR AveZ©xZ nq
1. ZvKIqv 5. wec` gywme‡Z âh© Aej¤^‡bi Zvjxg
2. DLyqvZ m„wó 6. Avjvni m‡š—vl AR©b‡KB mKj ZrciZvi †K›`ªwe›`y
3. Z¨v‡Mi Aby‡cÖibv m„wó iƒ‡c Dc¯’vcb|
4. Kg©x‡ì gv‡S Bbmvd Kv‡qg
Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i Revew`wn
1. Revew`nx Ki‡Z cÖ¯‘Z _vK‡Z n‡e  wbe©vPK gÛwji Dci
2. Revew`nx Ki‡Z n‡e `yB ¯’v‡b  Avj-vni wbKU
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi AvbyMZ¨
1. Avj-vni AvbyMZ¨ 3. Dwjj Avgi ev `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì AvbyMZ¨
2. ivmy‡ji AvbMZ¨
Bmjvgx msMV‡b c`‡jvfxi ¯’vb
1. AvZ¥ c~Rvix ev ¯^v_©vÜ e¨w³B †bZ„‡Z¡i †jvf †cvlb K‡i|
2. c` PvB‡j Zv‡K ‡`qv hv‡ebv|
3. `yBRb evBqvZ MÖnb Kiv nq, ZLb hvi evBqvZ †k‡l cÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi wei“‡× jovB Ki|
4. Bmjvgx msMVb ev iv‡óªi Rbmg_©bcyó GKRb Avgxi eZ©gvb _vKv Ae¯’vq wØZxq †Kvb e¨w³‡K Avgxi ¯^xKvi Kiv hv‡e
bv|
5. c`‡jvfx e¨w³ AvwLivZ eiev` K‡i|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi civgk©
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖavb êwkó¨ civgk© ‡`qv I †bqv
 civg‡k©i ¸i“Z¡, cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I c×wZ|
Bmjgx msMV‡bi wm×vš— MÖnb
1. c~e© cÖwZwôZ †Kvb aviYv wb‡q mfvq Avm‡eb bv|
2. Cgvb, Bjg I wbi‡c¶ wPš—v-fvebv wb‡q; †jvf, fq †Kv›`‡j c‡o wb‡Ri cÖK…Z g‡bvfv‡ei wecixZ gZ e¨³ Ki‡eb bv|
38
3. g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i G‡K A‡bï e³e¨ kªeb I mwVK A_© Abyaveb|
4. wbtms‡Kv‡P gZvgZ †ck|
5. DË‡gi †gvKv‡ejvq g‡Zi Kzievbx|
6. me© m¤§Z wm×v‡š—i ‡Póv|
7. me© m¤§Z wm×vš— wb‡Z bv cvi‡j AwaKvsk g‡Zi Av‡jv‡K wØ-gZ †cvlb f~‡j hv‡eb|
8. Avgxi ØxgZ †cvlb Ki‡j m`m¨‡ì mv‡_ mvaviY civgk©|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Gn‡Zmve
1. f~j åvwš— nIqv Gi ¯^vfvweK ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ 2. Gn‡Zmve n‡jv gywgb‡ì Rb¨ Avqbv ¯î“c
Gn‡Zmve 3. Gn‡Zmve Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I c×wZ
Bmjvgx msMV‡b Kg©x cwiPvjbv
1. Av`‡k©i Av‡jv‡K gb gvbwmKZv MVb 14. Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv m¤ú‡K© my¯úó avibv `vb
2. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb I msMVb m¤ú‡K© my¯úó aviYv `vb 15. mywbw`©ó `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y
3. Bmjv‡gi eywbqv`x wb‡`©k¸‡jv‡K wb‡Ri Rxe‡b ev¯— 16. `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b DØy×KiY
evwqZ Kivi Rb¨ DØy×KiY 17. Kv‡Ri Z`viK KiY
4. gg© Dcjw× K‡i wbqwgZ Avj-KziAvb I Avj-nv`xm 18. Kv‡Ri wi‡cvU© MÖnY
Aa¨q‡b DØy×KiY 19. wi‡cvU© ch©v‡jvPbv
5. Rvgvqv‡Zi mv‡_ mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z DØy×KiY 20. mgvR Kg©xiƒ‡c f~wgKv cvj‡b DØy×KiY
6. AvZ¥mgv‡jvPbvq DØy×KiY 21. e¨vcK cwiwPwZ AR©‡b DØy×KiY
7. `vIqvZx Kv‡R DØy×KiY 22. Kg©x‡K mye³viƒ‡c Mob
8. `vIqvZx Kv‡R mn‡hvwMZv `vb 23. ¯^-PvwjZ Kg©xiƒ‡c AvZ¥MV‡b DØy×KiY
9. `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri wi‡cvU© MÖnY 24. bZzb Kgx© MV‡bi Rb¨ Kg©x‡K DØy×KiY
10. Bbmvd dx mvexwjj-vn-i Rb¨ DØy×KiY 25. msMV‡bi e³e¨ h_v kxNÖ AewnZ KiY
11. myk„•Lj Rxeb hvc‡b DØy×KiY 26. wbw®Œq Kg©xi mv‡_ h_v kxNÖ †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb
12. mgq m‡PZbZv m„wó 27. civgk© kªeY
13. cwi”Qbœ g‡bi AwaKvix nIqvi Rb¨ DØy×KiY 28. AMÖmi Kg©x‡K mvsMVwbK cÖwk¶Y `vb
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Kg©x‡ì cix¶v
1. cix¶v hvPvB Gi Rb¨
2. cÖwZKzjZvB cix¶v
3. `ywbqv evmxi Kv‡Q cwi®‹vi Kivi Rb¨ GB cix¶v|
2
Bmjvgx msMV‡b evBZzjgvj
1. Bmjvgx msMV‡b evBZyj gv‡ji Av‡qi cÖavb Drm n‡”Q Kg©x‡ì BbdvK dx mvexwjjvn A_©vr Avjvni c‡_ A_©`vb|
2. Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Kgx©iv gvj I Rvb w`‡q Avjvni c‡_ msMÖvg K‡i|
3. Zv‡ì gvj I Rvb Avjvn Rvbœv‡Zi wewbg‡q Lwi` K‡i wb‡q‡Qb|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Kg©xi AvZ¥MVb
1. Avjvni w`‡K Avnevb 5. mnvqK mvwnZ¨ Aa¨qb 9. ivm~‡ji cÖwZ ìƒ` cov
2. GKvMÖZv mnKv‡i mvjvZ Av`vq 6. ivwÎ RvMiY 10. AvZ¥ mgv‡jvPbv
3. Avj-KziAvb Aa¨qY 7. Avjvni c‡_ A_© `vb 11. mvIg cvjb
4. Avj-nv`xm Aa¨qY 8. mKj Kv‡R Avjvni ¯§iY 12. †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸Y AR©b
13. cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© webóKvix KvR eR©b
(K) Akvjxb I A‡kvfb K_vevZ©v (L) MxeZ (M) Av›`vR-Abygvb (N) wnsmv (O) ivM (P) AnsKvi
Bmjvgx msMV‡b Kg©x MVb
1. mvnPh© `vb
(K) Aš—Ø©›Ø wbimb (L) gvbwmK `„pZv AR©‡b mn‡hvwMZv `vb
2. mvsMVwbK cwi‡e‡k Avbqb 5. cÖv_wgK cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb
3. †QvU Lv‡Uv `vwqZ¡ Ac©b 6. Avnevb Ávc‡bi `vwqZ¡ Ac©b
4. A_© `v‡b DØy×KiY 7. Kv‡Ri wi‡cvU© MÖnY
Bmjvgx msMV‡b Kg©xi gv‡bvbœqb
1. mvßvwnK mfv 4. `xN© cÖwk¶Y wkwei
2. wk¶v êVK 5. e³…Zv Abykxjb Pµ
3. cvV Pµ 6. e¨w³MZ Avjvc, wRÁvmv I civgk© `vb|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi msnwZ
1. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖK…Z j¶¨ m¤ú‡K© A¯úóZv 4. wec` gywmevZ m¤ú‡K© mwVK `„wófswMi Afve
2. Bmjvgx msMV‡bi êwkó ¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Ac~Y©v½ aviYv 5. AMÖvwaKvi wba©vi‡Y A¶gZv
3. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©c×wZ m¤ú‡K© mskq
6. gvbwmK fvimvg¨nxbZv
(K) Z¡iv cÖeYZv (M) Pig cš’vi cÖwZ †SuvK (O) Awfgvb
(L) AwZ Avkv (N) AnsKvi
7. gy‡Lvm-civ `ykgb‡ì f~wgKv
gy‡Lvk civ `ykgb‡ì f~wgKv
1. Av‡›`vj‡bi ¶wZ Kivi Rb¨ Bmjvgx msMV‡b Xy‡K c‡o
2. Bmjvgx msMV‡b `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì AvbyM‡Zï wfwË‡Z AvNvZ nv‡b
3. ‡bZ…¯v’ bxq I Kg©x‡ì m¤ú‡K©i mskq m„wó K‡i
4. Bmjvgx msMV‡bi cÖwZ AvNvZ nvbvi Rb¨ gy‡Lvk avwiiv NycwU †g‡i e‡m _v‡K
`„óvš—:-  hvqbve web‡Z Rvnv‡ki we‡q‡K †K›`ª K‡i ivmy‡ji (m:) cÖwZ Acev`
 Avwqkv (iv) GK Awfhv‡b †cQ‡b c‡o hvIqv Ges GK mvnvexi mv‡_ g`xbvq Avkvi Acev`|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi ¯^vfvweK ea©b
1. Bmjvgx msMV‡bi µgweKv‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb wbijm Kg©x evwnbx
2. Kg©x‡ì gvb I RbM‡bi avibv e`jv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb mgq
3. Avjvn KziAv‡b Gi µgweKv‡ki PviwU ch©vq D‡jL i‡q‡Q
(K) AsKzi †ei Kiv (M) †gvUv-ZvRv nIqv
(L) kw³ AR©b Kiv (N) Kv‡Ûi Dci `„pfv‡e `vwo‡q hvIqv|
gaëZ©x ¯—‡ii msMV‡bi KvR
1. Da©Zb msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z KvR 3. Aat¯—b msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z KvR
2. wbR¯^ ¯—‡i Kvibxq KvR
2
14. GKwU Av`k©ev`x `‡ji cZ‡bi Kvibt
Zvi †_‡K evuPvi Dcvq
Rbve AveŸvm Avjx Lvb
 Rb¥ t 1321 mv‡ji dvêyb gv‡mi †kl mßv‡n
 ¯’vb t RqcyinvU
 cov‡jLv t cÖ_‡g wbR N‡i †KviAv‡bi QeK †bb| 1921 mv‡j 2q †kªYx‡Z fwZ© nb| 6ô †kªbxi
ci ûMjx gv`ªvmvq co‡Z hvb| ivRkvnx I KvigvB‡Kj K‡j‡R c‡ob| 1935 mv‡j †KvjKvZv
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Aax‡b wWw÷skbmn we. G. cvk K‡ib|
¯‹jvikxc t 6ô †kªbx‡Z 1 eQ‡ii Mfb©‡g›U e„wË I Pvievi †gqv`x e„wË jvf K‡ib|
Kg©Rxeb t 1935 mv‡j wZwb PvKzix MÖnY K‡ib| wKš‘ bvgv‡h evav †`qvq PvKzix‡Z B¯—dv †`b| 1936 mv‡j †e½j
†m‡µUvix‡q‡U †hvM †`b Ges †k‡i evsjvi †m‡µUvwi nb| †`k wefv‡Mi ci c~e© cvwK¯—v‡bi mv‡K©j Awdmvi nb| 1952
mv‡j RqcyinvU ¯‹z‡ji cÖavb wk¶K nb|
ivRbxwZ I Av‡›`vjb t
 1955 mv‡j wZwb gyËvwdK dig c~iY K‡ib|
 1956 mv‡j Rvgvqv‡Zi i“Kb nb|
 1957 mv‡j ivRkvnx wefvMxq Avgxi nb|
 1979 mvj †_‡K g„Zz¨ ch©š— wmwbqi bv‡q‡e Avgxi wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|
 1979 †_‡K 92 ch©š— fvicÖvß Avgx‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|
 1962 mv‡j cvwK¯—vb RvZxq cwil‡ì m`m¨ nb| AvBqye Lv‡bi gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb evwZ‡ji Rb¨ Av‡›`vjb
K‡ib| 1971 mv‡ji gš¿x cwil‡ì wk¶vgš¿x nb| 1980 mv‡ji 7 wW‡m¤î Bmjvgx wec‡ei 7 `dv MY`vex †NvlYv
K‡ib|
 lv‡Ui `k‡Ki cvwK¯—vb †W‡gv‡µwUK gyf‡g‡›Ui Ab¨Zg †bZv wQ‡jb| MY Av‡›`vjb Kg©m~Px I †Kqvi‡UKvi miKv‡ii
Rb¨ Av‡›`vjb K‡ib|
 1979 mv‡j **** Gi Avgš¿‡Y gvj‡qwkqv I wm½vcyi hvb|
 1984 mv‡j **** Gi Avš—R©vwZK m‡¤§j‡b Avgwš¿Z n‡q e„‡Ub hvb|
mvwnZ¨ PP©v t Abyev` I †gŠwjK iPbv 35wU †gŠwjK MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨
1. evsjvi gymjgvb‡ì BwZnvm 3. gymwjg D¤§vn
2. mgvRZš¿ I kªwgK
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb I Zvi `vex Ges Abyw`Z MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨
 c`©v I Bmjvg  RvZxq HK¨ I MYZ‡š¿i wfwË
 my` I AvaywbK e¨vswKs  Bmjvgx A_©bxwZ D‡jL‡hvM¨|
B‡š—Kvj : 3 A‡±vei 1999 mv‡j 1:25 wgwb‡U B‡š—Kvj K‡ib
Av`k©ev`x `j:
cÖwZwôZ mgvR eë¯’v cwieZ©b K‡i bZzb Av`‡k©i mgvR MV‡bi Rb¨ MwVZ `j‡K Av`k©ev`x `j e‡j
`‡ji Kg©x‡ì n‡Z nq-wbf©xK, mvnmx I ‰ah©kxj
‡bZv‡K n‡Z nq MwZkxj, `~i`k©x, mwVK wm×vš— MÖnYKvix
`‡ji j¶¨ t Avjøvni mš‘wó AR©b
 `vi“j Bmjvg Uªvó MVb I Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi j‡¶¨ `j MV‡bi cUf~wg iPbv
 1938 mv‡j gIjvbv gI`~`x KZ©„K Ô`vi“j BmjvgÕ bvgK Uªv÷ MwVZ nq
 1941 mv‡ji AvM‡ó 75 Rb‡K wb‡q Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx cÖwZwôZ nq|
3
Rvgvqv‡Zi KvR
 `ywbqvq ‡Lv`vi AvbyMZ¨ Kv‡qg Kiv - `jxq g~jbxwZ †g‡b bv Pjv
 `ywbqvi bxwZ - Bbmvd cÖwZôv bv Kiv
 `ywbqvi bxwZ ˆbwZKZv, ivRbxwZ, mf¨Zv, ms¯‹…wZ, * ¯^RbcÖxwZ * c¶cvwZZ¡ * AvÂwjKZv
A_©bxwZ, mgvRbxwZ cwieZ©b Kiv - åvZ…Z‡¡ ev‡ai Afve
Rvgvqv‡Zi Kg©x‡ì KvR - cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© bó
 ‡KviAvb, mxivZzbœex I mvnvev‡ì wel‡q Mfxi Ávb * wnsmv-we‡Øl * MxeZ-ciwb›`v-ciPP©v
 Avj-vni mv‡_ m¤úK© gReyZ Kiv * cikªxKvZiZv * Ab¨‡K m‡›`n Kiv
 wb‡R‡ì PvwiwÎK Dbœqb * A‡bï †LuvRLei bv †bqv
 wdiKv m„wóKvix KvR cwinvi * êlwqK ¯^v‡_© SMov-weev`
bvgv‡Ri gva¨‡g Avjvni mv‡_ m¤úK© ¯’vcb * Kz-avibv †cvlY Kiv
* cÖwZ gyn~‡Z© ¯§iY Kiv - ‰bivk¨ I nZvkv mw„ó
* wbqwgZ Rvgvqv‡Z bvgvR cov * åvš— wPš—vaviv * cwiï× wPš—vi Afve
* Zvnv¾y‡ì bvgvR - ‡bZ…‡Z¡i Awfjvl
- AwZwi³ whwKi - A_©-m¤ú‡ì cÖwZ jvjmv
- mKj KvR Avjvni mš‘wói Rb¨ - Rxeb gvb DbœZ Kivi cÖebZv
- AvZ¥mgv‡jvPbv-mvgwóK mgv‡jvPbv - mnR-mij Rxeb hvcb bv Kiv
- †µva `gb - ‡bZ…‡Z¡i `ye©jZv
 ¶gvkxj nIqv * e¨w³‡Z¡i `ye©jZv
 p„o AvPib Z¨vM * †hvM¨Zvi Afve
 D`vi n&Iqv * Ávb I ˆbwZKZv
- †gŠwjK wel‡q HK¨gZ ‡cvlY * mwVK wm×vš— Mªn‡Y AcviMZv
- we‡ivax cwi‡e‡k cwiw¯’wZ Øviv cÖfvweZ bv nIqv gb- - ‡bZ…‡Z¡i cÖwZ Abv¯’v-
gw¯—¯‹ I ¯^fve-PwiÎ cwic~Y© Bmjvgx nIqv mgm¨vi Z¡wir I mwVK mgvavb
* ¶gZvi Aceënvi bv Kiv * Amxg âh© * mnbkxjZv * †Lv`vfxi“Zv
weK…wZ I cZ‡bi Kvib -Z¨vM I Kzievbx
`‡ji j¶¨-D‡Ïk¨ †K Rxe‡bi j¶¨-D‡Ïk¨ wn‡m‡e MÖnY * `ywbqv-cÖxwZ Z¨vM
bv Kiv * mnbkxjZv
- ‡KviAvb, nv`xm I Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ Aa¨qb bv Kiv * †Lv`vfxi“Zv
- mgq I Avw_©K Kzievbxi cÖwZ Ae‡njv * Avw_©K
15. Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡

gynv¤§` Kvgvi“¾vgvb
BwZnv‡mi me hy‡MB GK †kªbxi †jv‡Ki mÜvb cvIqv hvq hviv †`k, mgvR RvwZ‡K cwiPvjbv K‡i| mgv‡Ri `vwqZ¡ cvjb
K‡ib| G‡ì‡KB ejv nq †bZv|
‡bZ…Z¡ Ggb GKwU cÖwµqv ev GKwU `j, MÖ“c ev gvbe †Mvôx‡K cwiKwíZ j¶¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ msMÖv‡g DØy× I cwiPvwjZ
K‡i| gvbe RvwZi BwZnv‡mi DÌvb-cZ‡bi Ges NUbv cÖev‡n gvbe mgv‡Ri Dbœqb AMÖMwZ‡Z Zviv mwµq f~wgKv iv‡Lb|
gvbe †Mvôx‡K cÖfvweZ I mse× K‡i we‡kl gh©v`v m¤úbœ GB e¨w³Mb j¶¨ nvwm‡j f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| mwZ¨Kv‡ii gvbe
Kj¨v‡bi Rb¨B †bZ…Z¡ gvbe †Mvôx‡K mwµq I m‡PZb K‡i Zz‡jb|
ÒIqv ivdvqvbv evq`vûg dvIKv evq‡`b `vivRv‡Zb †jBqevËv wLRv evq`ynvg evi`vb myLwiqv IqvivngvZz iv‡eŸKv LvBi“g
†g¤§v BqvRgvDb (hyLi“L 43t32)
4
ÒAvi Zv‡ì g‡a¨ wKQz †jvK‡K Aci wKQz †jv‡Ki Dci AvwgB cÖvavb¨ w`‡qwQ †hb Zviv ci¯ú‡ii †_‡K KvR wb‡Z
cv‡i| Avi †Zvgvi †Lv`vi ingZ †mB abm¤ú` †_‡K AwaK g~jëvb hv (abevbiv) `yB nv‡Z msMÖn Ki‡Q|Ó
Avjvn Zvqvjv gvby‡li g‡a¨ hv‡ì cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb ev we‡kl gh©v`v I `vwqZ¡ w`‡q _v‡Kb Zviv Ab¨‡ì wbKU †_‡K KvR
Av`vq K‡i Ab¨‡ì cwiPvjbv K‡i _v‡Kb| ‡bZ…Z¡ Qvov mgvR P‡j bv| Avw`Kvj †_‡KB Avjvn Zvqvjv G eë¯’v K‡i
w`‡q‡Qb|
Bbœv AvKivgvKzg Bb`vjvwn AvZKvKzg| Bbbvjjvnv Avwjgyj Lvwei (ûRivZ : 49t13)
Òe¯‘Z Avjvni wbKU †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ me©vwaK m¤§vwbZ †m †h †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ me‡P‡q bxwZcivqb/ gyËvKx wbtm‡›`‡n
Avjvn me wel‡q Rv‡bb Ges me wel‡q AewnZ|Ó
Bmjv‡g gvby‡li m¤§vb I gh©v`vi wfwË n‡”Q Zvi bxwZcivqbZv I PwiÎ| G¸‡bB GKRb A‡bï PvB‡Z †kªô ev m¤§vwbZ
n‡Z cv‡i|
Bmjv‡gi †bZ…Z¡ n‡e Rb cÖwZwbwag~jK
RbM‡bi mg_©b ev ivq wb‡q †bZv wbe©vwPZ n‡eb| A_ev Zvi †bZv nevi wcQ‡b RbM‡bi Aby‡gv`b _vK‡e| Avw¤^qv
‡Kivg‡K Avjvn Zvqvjv mivmwi †bZvi gh©v`v w`‡q `ywbqvq cvwV‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ beyI‡Zi ìRv eÜ nevi ci †bZ…Z¡
wbe©vP‡bi `vwqZ¡ gymwjg D¤§vn ev RbM‡bi Dci| ¯^‡NvwlZ †bZv nevi my‡hvM Bmjv‡g †bB| †bZ…‡Z¡i ‡jvf Kiv ev `vex
KivUv Bmjv‡gi `„wó‡Z †bZv nevi GKUv eo A‡hvM¨Zv| †h, †Kvb c` Pvq ev Zvi Rb¨ AvKv•Lv K‡i bex (mt) Zv‡K †m
c‡` wb‡qvM Ki‡Zb bv| (eyLvix)
Bmjv‡gi ¯^Y©hy‡Mi LwjdvMb g‡bvbxZ ev wbe©vwPZ nevi ci RbM‡bi wbKU wb‡R‡ì †ck K‡i‡Qb Ges RbM‡bi Aby‡gv`b
wb‡q‡Qb, evqAvZ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| wZwb RbM‡bi mvg‡b nvwRi n‡q Zvi HwZnvwmK fvl‡b e‡jwQ‡jb, Avwg †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨
m‡e©vËg e¨w³ bB| Z_vwc Avgv‡K G kvmb Kv‡h©i `vwqZ¡ †`qv n‡q‡Q| ---- Avwg mwZ¨Kvi fv‡eB cQ›` Kwi †h, †Zvgv‡ì
ga¨ †_‡K GKRb Avgv‡K gyw³ w`‡q G `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki|
Bmjv‡g †bZv n‡”Qb Lvw`g
ÒmvB‡q¨`yj KI‡g Lv`gyûgÓ
RvwZi †bZvMb n‡”Qb Zv‡ì Lv‡`g/ †meK / RbM‡bi Dci KZ…Z¡ Kivi Rb¨ bq eis RbMb I mgv‡Ri †mev K‡i Zv‡ì
my‡L `yt‡L cv‡k †_‡K Zv‡ì mgm¨v mgvav‡b f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| Zv‡ì Av¯’v AR©b K‡iB GKRb †bZv `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z
cv‡ib| hviv RbM‡bi Øv‡i wM‡q Zv‡ì ü`q Rq Ki‡Z cvi‡e RbMb Zv‡ì‡KB ü`q w`‡q MÖnb Ki‡e Ges Zv‡ì Wv‡K
Pzovš— Z¨vM I †Kvievbx ¯^xKv‡i cÖ¯‘Z _vK‡e|
k~iv c×wZt Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i cÖvwZôvwbK KvVv‡gv
k~iv n‡”Q Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i †gŠwjK cÖwZôvb| †KviAvb gymwjg †bZv‡ì Rb¨ civgk© MÖnb †K eva¨Zvg~jK K‡i w`‡q‡Q| ---
------------------- (Avkk~iv- 42t38)
Òhviv wb‡R‡ì †Lv`vi ûKzg gv‡b bvgvR Kv‡qg K‡i, wb‡R‡ì hveZxq e¨vcv‡i wb‡R‡ì cvi¯úvwiK civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z
m¤úbœ K‡i Avwg Zv‡ì †h wiwRK w`‡qwQ Zv †_‡K LiP K‡i Avjvn ieŸyj Avjvgxb gnvbex (mt) †K ch©š — Zvi m½x
mv_x‡ì mv‡_ civgk© Kivi wb‡`©k `vb K‡i‡Qb| ÒØxb Bmjv‡gi KvR K‡g© Zv‡ì civgk© MÖnY KiÓ (Avj Bgivb
3t159)|
gRwj‡k k~ivi gva¨‡g m`m¨Mb wm×vš— MÖn‡b Ges bxwZ wba©vibx cÖwµqvq AskMªn‡bi my‡hvM cvb| Zv‡ì †gav I wePvieyw×
Abyhvqx Av‡›`vj‡b Zviv Ae`vb ivL‡Z m¶g nb| Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i mKj wel‡q k~ivi civgk© MÖnb Acª‡qvRbxq|
¸i“Z¡c~b© bxwZ wba©vib cÖ‡kœB& civgk© Kiv Ri“ix| k~ivi AvIZv wbgœiƒc n‡Z cv‡i
1| cÖkvmwbK I wbe©vnx welq¸‡jvi `vwqZ¡ †bZvi Dci †Q‡o †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i|
2| †Kvb Ri“ix cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `ª“Z wm×vš— †bqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j †bZv wm×vš— MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb wKš‘ cieZ©x k~ivi êV‡K
Zv Aek¨ ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨ †ck Ki‡Z n‡e|
3| k~ivi m`m¨Mb hv‡Z ¯^vaxbfv‡e Zv‡ì gZvgZ †ck Ki‡Z cv‡ib, †bZvi wm×vš— ev Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© wbtms‡Kv‡P
wRÁvmvev` Ki‡Z cv‡ib Zvi wbðqZv k~ivq _vK‡Z n‡e|
4| ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wm×vš— mg~n, bxwZgvjv, Kg©‡KŠkj `xN©¯’vqx j¶¨ wba©vi‡bi welq mg~‡n gRwj‡k k~ivi wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa ev
Avn‡j evq‡ì civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z M„nxZ nIqv DwPZ| Gme wel‡q †Kvb †bZv‡K GKv wm×vš— w`‡Z †Ìqv DwPZ bv Ges
†bZvi GKv Gme wel‡q wm×vš— MÖn‡bi `vwqZ¡ †bqv wVK bq| Gm¤ú‡K© weZ©K i‡q‡Q †h †bZv Bgvg ev Avgxi k~iv‡K ïay
AewnZ Ki‡jB Pj‡e bv k~ivi civgk© MÖnY Zvi Rb¨ eva¨Zvg~jK| G m¤ú‡K© BRwZnv‡ì my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| ZvB †Kvb dZzqv
w`‡q GUvi mgvavb Kiv hv‡e bv| eZ©gvb †cª¶vc‡U Avgv‡ì Rb¨ k~ivi evaëvaKZvB cÖ‡qvRb| Avgv‡ì Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb
GKwU myk„•Lj gReyZ cÖvwZôvwbK KvVv‡gvi kw³kvjx k~iv| wm×vš— MÖnb cÖwµqvq k~iv m`m¨‡ì D‡jL‡hvM¨ mwµq
AskMÖnb GKvš— Ri“ix| Av‡›`vjb‡K MwZkxj I Rweš— Av‡›`vj‡b cwiYZ Kivi R‡b¨ KzivwbK k~iv c×wZi m‡e©vËg
eënvi Avgv‡ì wbwðZ Kiv DwPZ|
5
‡bZ…Z¡ Avjvni `vb t
Avjvn Zvqvjv A‡bK gvbyl‡K ‡bZ…‡Z¡i Amvavib ¸bvejx w`‡q m„wó K‡ib| me gvbyl‡K GKB ai‡bi †hvM¨Zv w`‡q m„wó
K‡ib bv| †bZ…Z¡ weKvk jv‡fi cvwicvwk¦K cwi‡e‡ki Dci †bZ…Z¡ M‡o DVv wbf©i K‡i| cwiw¯’wZMZ Kvi‡bI †bZ…‡Z¡i
Avwe©fve NU‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Avjvn cÖ`Ë ¸bvejxi mgv‡ek hv‡ì g‡a¨ j¶¨ Kiv hvq Zv‡ì‡K mvg‡b GwM‡q †`qv DwPZ|
Zviv hw` AbykxjbKvix ev Bmjvg PP©vKvix gymjgvb nb Zvn‡j Av‡›`vj‡bi ev mgv‡Ri †L`gZ Kivi my‡hvM Zv‡ì Rb¨ m„wó
K‡i †Ìqv Acwinvh© KZ©e¨| Zv‡ì †K Zv‡ì †hvM¨Zvbyhvqx `vwq‡Z¡ wbe©vwPZ ev wb‡qvvRZ Kiv DwPZ hv‡Z Zv‡ì we‡kl
†hvM¨Zv I AwfÁZv Bmjv‡gi R‡b¨ m¤ú‡` cwiYZ nq| we‡kl †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸bvejxi weKvk
NUv‡bv DwPZ mgvR I RvwZi Kj¨v‡bi cÖ‡qvR‡bB| Bmjvg Abykxjb K‡ibbv Ggb †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ †bZ…‡Z¡i m¤¢vebvgq
¸bvejx †`L‡Z †c‡j Avgv‡ì DwPZ Zv‡ì mv‡_ msjvc I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡g GwM‡q Avb‡Z D‡`¨vM ‡bqv| Avi hw`
Agymwjg Kv‡iv g‡a¨ †bZ…‡Z¡i Amvavib ¸bvejx j¶¨ Kiv hvq Zvn‡j Zvi mvg‡b Bmjv‡gi †mŠ›`h© I `vIqvZ Zz‡j aiv
Avvg‡ì `vwqZ¡| gnvbex mt e‡jb
gvbe mgvR n‡”Q Lwbi gZ| Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi hy‡M Zv‡ì g‡a¨ m‡e©vËg hviv Bmjv‡gI Zviv n‡eb m‡e©vËg hw` Zviv
mwZ¨Kvifv‡e Bmjvg‡K MÖnY K‡ib|
Bbmvd I Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡ t
‡bZv †Kvb Ae¯’vq Zvi Aaxb¯’ †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ êlg¨ Ki‡eb bv| mevi mv‡_ Bbmvd wfwËK AvPib Ki‡eb| ag© eb© ‡MvÎ
RvZxqZv ev AÂj wbwe©‡k‡l mK‡jB †bZvi KvQ †_‡K Bbmvd cv‡eb| GgbwK kÎ“i cÖwZ Bbmv‡di AvPib Ki‡Z wb‡`©k
K‡i Bmjvg|
ÒgymjgvbMb, Avjvn †Zvgvw`M‡K GB Av‡`k w`‡”Qb †h, hveZxq AvgvbZ Dnvi Dc‡hvMx †jvK‡ì wbKU †mvc`© K‡i
`vI| Avi †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ hLb (†Kvb wel‡q) dvqmvjv Ki‡e ZLb Bbmv‡di mv‡_ Ki‡e|Ó-wbmv : 58
Ò‡n Cgvb`vi †jvKRb! †Lv`vi Iqv‡¯— mZ¨ bxwZi Dci ¯’vqxfv‡e `Ûvqgvb I Bbmv‡di mv¶¨`vZv nI| †Kvb we‡kl `‡ji
kÎ“Zv †Zvgv‡ì‡K †hb GZ`~i D‡ËwRZ bv K‡i †`q †h (Zvi d‡j) Bbmvd Z¨vM K‡i †dj‡e| b¨vq wePvi Ki| e¯‘Z
†Lv`v ciw¯—i mv‡_ Gi Mfxi mvgÄm¨ i‡q‡Q| †Lv`v‡K fq K‡i KvR Ki‡Z _vK †Zvgiv hv wKQz Ki Avjvn †m m¤ú‡K©
cy‡ivcywi AewnZ|Ó- gv‡q`v : 08
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZv‡K msMV‡bi Af¨š—‡iI Bbmvd Kv‡qg Ki‡Z n‡e| G e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvR‡b wZwb GKwU Af¨š—ixb
KwgwU MVb Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ges KwgwU Af¨š—ixb hveZxq Ø›`, Am‡š—vl `~i Ki‡e|
MVbg~jK mgv‡jvPbv, evK-¯^vaxbZv, Revew`wnZv t
Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡ MVbg~jK mgv‡jvPbv Avnevb Ki‡eb| wbtms‡Kv‡P †jvK‡ì K_v ejv I gZvgZ †ck Kivi my‡hvM w`‡eb|
‡jvK‡ì cÖ‡kœi Reve w`‡eb| †bZv `‡j ev msMV‡b gy³ wPš—v my¯’¨ gZ wewbgq, mgv‡jvPbv cvi¯úvwiK Dc‡`k I
civg‡k©i Ggb GKwU my›ì cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡eb hv‡Z mevB †LvjvLywj Avjvc Av‡jvPbvq Ask wb‡Z ¯^w¯— Abyfe Ki‡eb|
GB cÖwµqvq †bZvi fyj nevi AvksKv Lye Kg †_‡K hv‡e| Kvib mevB †bZvi ZË¡veav‡bi my‡hvM cv‡eb|
Bmjvgx †bZ‡K RbM‡bi wbKU Revew`nx Ki‡Z n‡e| G ai‡bi mn‡hvwMZvg~jK Askx`vix †bZ…Z¡ Av‡›`vj‡bi g‡a¨ wPš—vi
HK¨ Ges wb‡R‡ì ¸bvejxi weKv‡k LyeB mnvqK n‡q _v‡K|
‡bZ…‡Z¡i `~i`„wó I cÖÁv t
gReyZ I Kvh©Ki †bZ…Z¡ `~i`„wó I cÖÁvi mv‡_ fwel¨Z Kvh©µg I j¶¨ wba©vib K‡i| †m j‡¶¨ †cuŠQvi Rb¨ hyw³msMZ
Kg©‡KŠkj wbg©vb K‡i| kw³‡K›`ª mg~‡ni g‡a¨ mgš^q mva‡bi gva¨‡g cÖ‡qvRbxq wUg IqvK© m„wó K‡i| hv‡ì gva¨‡g †KŠkj
ev¯—evqb Ki‡Z n‡e Zv‡ì‡K m‡e©v”P DØy™¢ I AbycÖvwbZ Kivi Rb¨ †bZ…Z¡ eë¯’v MÖnb K‡i| gvbe mgv‡R †bZ…‡Z¡i welqwU
Avm‡jB Lye RwUj| KviI g‡a¨ ‡bZ…‡Z¡i wecyj m¤¢vebv _vKv m‡Z¡I Abykxjb mvabvi Afv‡e Zv Kvh©Ki †bZ…‡Z¡i iƒc bvI
wb‡Z cv‡i| †bZ…‡Z¡i weKvk PP©v, cwi‡ek, my‡hvM myweav I bvbv mxgve×Zvi Øviv cÖevweZ n‡Z cv‡i| `~i`„wó m¤úbœ †bZv
ev¯—e `„óvš— m„wói gva¨‡g Zvi Abymvix‡ì j¶¨cv‡b GwM‡q †bb|
GKRb fvj AbymvixB GKRb fvj †bZv n‡Z cv‡ib| Aek¨ GKRb fvj Abymvix †Kvb Ae¯’vqB Zvi †bZvi mv‡_
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq wjß n‡eb bv| Z‡e Avš—wiKvZ I MVbg~jK fv‡e †bZvi avibv, g~j¨‡eva AvPi‡bi †gvKv‡ej Ki‡eb
cÖ‡qvR‡b| †bZv I Abymvix G‡K Ac‡ii mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| †bZv‡K me©e¯’vq Zvi Abymvix‡ì g½j wb‡q DwØMœ n‡Z n‡e|
Bmjvgx †bZ„‡Z¡i ‰ewkó¨ t
Avjvi cÖwZ AvbyZ¨kxjZv I ivm~j (mt) Gi Abym„wZ Bmjvgx †bZv I cwiPvwjZ mK‡ji R‡b¨ GKvš— Ri“ix| Bmjvgx
†bZ…Z¡ `jev`, msKxb©Zv I AvÂwjKZvi A‡bK D‡aŸ© _vK‡eb| e¨vcKZi Bmjvgx j¶¨ ev¯—evq‡b Ges Avš—©RvwZK †¶‡Î
Bmjv‡gi ¯^_© msi¶‡Y Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i Kov bRi _vK‡e|
Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡ kixq‡Zi wewaweavb KovKwofv‡e †g‡b Pj‡eb| `ykgb I cÖwZc‡¶i mv‡_ eënv‡iI wZwb kixq‡Zi evB‡i
†h‡Z cvi‡eb bv|
6
Awc©Z`vwqZ¡ Avjvi c¶ †_‡K t
Bmjvg GKRb †bZv‡K †h AwaKvi I KZ…Z¡`vb K‡i Zv g~jZ Avjvni c¶ †_‡K| Avjvn gnvb Hwk evbxi gva¨‡g G
`vwqZ¡ I AwaKvi Ac©b K‡i‡Qb| G cÖm‡½ Avjvn Zvqvjv e‡jbt
ÒGiv †mB †jvK hv‡ì `ywbqvq †bZ…Z¡ I ¶gZv `vb Ki‡j Zviv bvgvh Kv‡qg Ki‡e, hvKvZ Pvjy Ki‡e, †bKxi ûKzg †`‡e
Ges g‡›ì wb‡la Ki‡e| me e¨vcv‡i Pzovš— cwiYwZ Avjvni nv‡Z|Ó
(m~iv nR¡ 22t41)
Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡ †LjvdZx ev MbZvwš¿Kt
‡bZ…‡Z¡i wewfbœ aib n‡Z cv‡i| GK bvqK m~jf ev ˆ¯îvPvi †bZ…Z¡ Zvi `‡ji †jvK‡ì Dci Av¯’v iv‡L bv| Zvi wek¦vm
†KejgvÎ e¯‘MZ ¯^v_©B gvbyl‡K AbycÖvwYZ K‡i| wZwb Av‡`k Rvwi K‡ib Zv ev¯—evq‡bi R‡b¨ Ges †Kvb cÖkœ ev wRÁvmv
ei`vkZ K‡ib bv|
RbKj¨vbgyLx ev wn‰Zlx ˆ¯îvPvi e‡jI GK ai‡bi †bZ…Z¡ j¶¨ Kiv hvq| Giv Abymvix‡ì wbKU ‡_‡K †ek gb‡hv‡Mi
mv‡_B Zv‡ì e³e¨ †kv‡b Ges MbZvwš¿K nevi fvb K‡ib wKš‘ me©`v wm×vš— MÖnb K‡ib wb‡Ri gwR© gZ|
MbZvwš¿K †bZ…‡Z¡i aib n‡jv `‡ji †jvK‡ì‡K wm×vš— MÖn‡b Ask †bevi my‡hvM `vb K‡ib| KLbI wm×vš— wb‡j Zvi
cÖ‡qvRb I †hŠw³KZv e¨vL¨v K‡ib| wm×vš— Pvwc‡q †`b bv e¯‘wbô mgv‡jvPbv I cÖksmv K‡ib| Av‡iK ai‡bi D`vi
ˆbwZK †bZv †`Lv hvq G‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡i Dci wb‡RiB Av¯’v Lye Kg| `‡ji ev MÖ“‡ci Rb¨ †Kvb j¶¨ wba©vib K‡ib bv|
‡hvMv‡hvM I cvi¯úvwiK msjvc hZ K‡g cv‡ib| G ai‡bi †bZviv Zvi m½x‡ì e‡jb Avcbviv gZvgZ w`b AvwgI
Avcbv‡ì gZB GKRb gvbyl| AvcbvivB e‡jb wK Ki‡Z n‡e| Avcbviv hv wm×vš— Ki‡eb Avwg ZvB wb‡q GwM‡q hve|
Dc‡i †h ai‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡i K_v D‡jL Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi g‡a¨ MbZvwš¿K †bZ…Z¡B Kvh©Ki Ges Bmjv‡gi kixqZ I ‡LjvdwZ
eë¯’vi mv‡_ msMwZc~b©| MbZvwš¿K ‡bZ…Z¡ MwZkxj| GB †bZ…Z¡ BwZevPK cwieZ©b Avbqb Ges `‡ji g‡a¨ `vwqZ¡kxjZv I
`vwqZ¡ m‡PZbZv m„wó‡Z Kvh©Ki f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i g‡Wj t
hy‡M hy‡M Avw¤^qv †Kiv‡gi †h `jwU `ywbqvq G‡m‡Qb Ges gvbe RvwZ‡K †n`vqvZ I gyw³i c_ cÖ`k©b K‡i‡Qb ZvivB n‡”Qb
gvbe RvwZi mvg‡b †bZ…‡Z¡i bgybv| c„w_exi Ab¨vb¨ L¨vwZgvb hk¯^x e¨w³‡ì mv‡_ bex ivm~j (mt) Gi `‡ji cv_©K¨ n‡”Q
†h †k‡lv³ `jwU cÖZ¨v‡`k cÖvß Ges Avjn KZ…K wb‡qvwRZ| gvbe RvwZi mwZ¨Kv‡ii Kj¨v‡bi c_ ZvivB wbg©vb K‡i
†M‡Qb| †kl bex LvZvgyb bvwewq¨b nhiZ gynv¤§` (mt) n‡”Qb gvbe RvwZi mvg‡b me©‡kl g‡Wj| gnv wec‡ei gnv bvqK
wn‡m‡e ‡bZ…‡Z¡i GK Amvavib bRxi wZwb ¯’vcb K‡i wM‡q‡Qb| wek¦ BwZnvm‡K wZwb hZUv cÖfvweZ K‡i †M‡Qb Avi KviI
c‡¶ Zv m¤¢e nqwb| wek¦ mf¨Zvq Zvi †h Ae`vb Ab¨‡ì Zvi mv‡_ ZzjbvI P‡j bv|
wech©q I cZ‡bi MfxiZg Zj‡`k GKwU gvbe †Mvôx‡K wKwb wKfv‡e we‡k¦i ey‡K mymf¨ my`¶ gh©`vevb RvwZ‡Z cwiYZ
K‡iwQ‡jb Zv we‡klfv‡e cÖwYavb‡hvM¨| cÖwZ bvgv‡h Avgiv gynv¤§`yi imyjyjvn (mt) Gi kv‡b †h `yiƒ` cvV Kwi Zvi
Zvrch©I AvR‡Ki gymwjg mgvR †hb f~‡j wM‡q‡Q| `yiƒ‡` Avgiv †Nvlbv Kwi gynv¤§` (mt) Avgv‡ì †bZv| wZwb Avgv‡ì
Abymibxq Av`k© (ImqvZzb nvmvbv)| Ávb QvovI Avjvn Zvqvjv Zv‡K `vb K‡iwQ‡jb wnKgvn| im~j (mt) GB wnKgvi
cÖ‡qvM K‡i ev¯—e RMrevmx‡K Av‡jv `vb K‡i wM‡q‡Qb| bgybv ¯’vcb K‡i wM‡q‡Qb| Zvi bgybvB Avgv‡ì Pjvi cv‡_q|
‡bZ…‡Z¡i Af¨vmMZ ‰ewkó¨ t
1| mgq wKfv‡e e¨vq n‡”Q| cÖwZwU †m‡KÛ hviv Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cv‡ib `ywbqvq ZvivB eo KvR Ki‡Z cv‡ib| mgq‡K wbqš¿b
Ki‡Z n‡e mgq †hb †bZv‡K wbqš¿b bv K‡i|
2| djvd‡ji Dci ¸i“Z¡ cÖ`vb| Kv‡Ri Dci bq eis †bU djvd‡ji Dci g‡bvwb‡ek Kiv DwPZ| j¶¨ AR©‡b KZUv
AMªMwZ n‡jv †m w`‡K †`Lv ìKvi| KvR KZUv n‡q‡Q †mUv Lye eo e¨vcvi bq
3| `ye©jZv `~i Kivi w`‡K bRi w`‡Z n‡e| ïa~ wb‡Ri bq Av‡›`vj‡bi mKj fvB‡ev‡bi| wb‡Ri kw³ I `ye©iZvi ¯^xK…wZ
†`qv Zv MÖnb K‡i wb‡q A‡bï g‡a¨ hv wKQz fvj Av‡Q Zv MÖnb Ki‡Z m¶g nIqv DwPZ|
4| KwZcq cÖavb e¨vcv‡i cwikªg I mvabv †K›`ªxf~Z Kiv DwPZ hv fvj dj w`‡e| GUvI Kiv DwPZ AMÖvwavi we‡ePbv K‡i|
5| Avjvi Dci wbf©ikxjZv| wb‡R‡K mxgve× Kivi PvB‡Z D”PvKv•Lv †cvlY Kiv| †Kbbv †h gnvb cÖf~i KvR Avgiv
KiwQ wZwb A‡bK wekvj I kw³ai| Kv‡RB KviI fq ev c‡ivqv Kivi †Kvb †hŠw³KZv †bB|
‡bZ…‡Z¡i ¸bvejx t
1. e„w×e„wËK I gvbwmK kw³|
we¯§qKi cvwÛ‡Zï cÖ‡qvRb †bB| Z‡e gvbwlK w`K †_‡K kw³kvjx Ges e„w×e„wËK w`K †_‡K AMÖmi n‡Z n‡e| bex Kixg
(mt) e‡j‡Qb Ò†jvK‡ì †bZv (Bgvg) n‡eb †mB e¨w³ †h Zv‡ì g‡a¨ eo Avwjg| Gw`K w`‡q mgvb n‡j †mB e¨w³B
AMÖmi n‡eb whwb mybœZ m¤ú‡K© AwaK AwfÁ| G‡Z mgvb gv‡bi n‡j †mB e¨w³B bvgvh cov‡eb whwb wnRi‡Zi e¨vcv‡i
AMÖeZ©x| G‡ZI mgvb n‡j Bgvg n‡eb †mB e¨w³ whwb eq‡m eo| †Kvb e¨w³ †hb Aci fv‡qi cÖvfve cÖwZcwËi ¯’v‡b
7
BgvgwZ bv K‡i Ges Zvi N‡i Zvi Mwì Dci Zvi AbygwZ e¨ZxZ †hb †Kn bv e‡m|Ó gymbv‡` Avng` G nv`x‡m Bgv‡gi
¸bvejx m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q| †h‡nZz Bmjv‡g ag© I ivRbxwZ Avjv`v bq ZvB ivRbxwZ I ivóªxq †¶‡Îi Rb¨ †bZv wbe©vP‡bi
mgqI †mme ¸‡bi w`‡K j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e|
2. fv‡jv gvbyl nIqv
fvj gvbyl wnmv‡e m¤§vb AR©b| Avjvn Zvqvjv gvbyl‡K m¤§vwbZ K‡i‡Qb| Zvi Avš—wiKZv I BLjvm n‡e cÖkvœ ZxZ|
kÎ“ wgÎ mK‡jB gvbyl wn‡m‡e wZwb †h LyeB fvj Zv GK ev‡K¨ ¯^xKvi Ki‡e|
3. D‡`¨vM I D™¢vebx kw³
wPš—vfvebv Kiv Ges †Kvb wKQzi D‡`¨vM MÖnb ev D™¢ve‡bi †hvM¨Zv _vK‡Z n‡e|
4. †hvMv‡hv‡Mi `¶Zv
Avgv‡ì wcÖq bexwR‡K Avi‡ei Ab¨Zg †kªô e³v wn‡m‡e Mb¨ Kiv nZ| Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡mi mKj †bZ…¯v’ bxq e¨w³B e³…Zv
fvl‡b `¶Zv m¤úbœ wQ‡jb| Zv‡ì evPbfw½ fvlv Ávb cwi‡ek‡bi aib I óvBj gvbe gÛjx‡K Zxeªfv‡e AvKl©b KiZ|
c„w_exi eo eo wece Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZ…Z¡ hvivB w`‡q‡Qb Zviv wb‡R‡ì fvecÖKvk I e³e¨ cwi‡ek‡bi PgrKvi AvKl©bxq
êwk‡óï †Rv‡i gvbyl‡ì‡K Av‡jvwoZ Ki‡Z m¶g wQ‡jb| ïay e³e¨ fvlbB bq Zv‡ì Kjg I wjLwbI Zv‡ì ‡hvMv‡hvM
`¶Zvi ¯^v¶i|
5| wek¦cwiw¯’wZ m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv
mgKvjxb ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZK cwiw¯’wZ Dbœqb, AMÖMwZ I msNvZgq we‡k¦i NUbvejx m¤ú‡K©
IqvwKenvj _vK‡Z n‡e| wbqwgZ msev`cÎ I B‡jKwUªK wgwWqvi mv‡_ ms‡hvM _vK‡Z n‡e| wek¦ cwiw¯’wZ m¤ú‡K© bex
Kixg (mt) Gi mvnvevMb KZUv m‡UZb wQ‡jb Zvi cÖgvb enb K‡i ZrKvjxb GKwU hy‡×i AvksKv Ges †m hy‡× ‡ivgvb‡ì
weRq m¤ú‡K© nhiZ Avey eKi (ivt) Gi evwR aivi NUbv †_‡K| Zuvi we‡klb I avibv mwVK cÖgvwYZ n‡qwQj| wek¦
cwiw¯’wZ wb‡q KZUv wPš—v fvebv Ki‡j ev †LuvR Lei ivL‡j H evwR aivi NUbv NU‡Z cv‡i Zv †f‡e †`L‡jB Abyaveb Kiv
hv‡e| AvaywbK hy‡M †bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¨ wek¦ cwiw¯’wZ m¤ú‡K© AewnZ _vKv Ri“ix|
6| gvby‡li cÖwZ fvjevmv
nhiZ AvId Be‡b gvwjK ivm~‡j Kixg (mt) †_‡K eb©bv K‡i‡Qb, wZwb Bikv` K‡i‡Qb †Zvgv‡ì DËg †bZv n‡”Qb Zviv
Zv‡ì †K †Zvgiv fvjevm Ges ZvivI †Zvg‡ì fvjev‡m, Zviv wb‡R‡ì Rb¨ †`vqv K‡i, †ZvgivI Zv‡ì Rb¨ †`vqv Ki
Avi †Zvg‡ì wbK…ó †bZv n‡”Q Zviv hv‡ì †Zvgiv N„bv Ki Ges hviv †Zvg‡ì N„bv K‡i, †Zvgiv hv‡ì Dc‡i Awfkvc el©Y
Ki| mvnvev‡ì Zid †_‡K wR‡Ám Kiv n‡jv †n ivm~j (mt)! Avgiv wK Zievixi mvnv‡h¨ Zv‡ì †gvKv‡ejv Kie? wZwb
ej‡jb, bv hZ¶b bv Zviv †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ bvgv‡hi eë¯’v Kv‡qg Ki‡Z _vK‡e| ‡Zvgv‡ì †bZ…¯v’ bxq †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ hw`
†Zvgiv Ggb †Kvb wRwbm †`L‡Z cvI hv †Zvgiv AcQ›` Ki, Z‡e †Zvgiv Zvi KvR N„bv Ki‡Z _vK| wKš‘ Zvi AvbyMZ¨
†_‡K nvZ †U‡b wbI bv| (gymwjg)
GB nv`xm †_‡K fvj †bZv I Lvivc †bZvi cwiPq cvIqv hvq| RbMb hv‡ì fvjev‡m I Kj¨vb Kvgbv K‡i ZvivB fvj
†bZv wnmv‡e Mb¨ nb| †gvnv¤§` bv _vK‡j Aš—i †_‡KI †`vqv Av‡m bv|
7| `„p msKí I mvnwmKZv
`ye©j wPË I fxi“ †jv‡Ki c‡¶ †bË¡ `vb mgfe bq| fxi“ Kv cyi“l‡ì wcQ‡b RbMb msNe× nqbv KL‡bv| mvnmx
†jvKivB c„w_ex‡Z BwZnvm m„wó K‡i‡Q| Abïv Zv‡ì AbymiY K‡i‡Q gvÎ|
8| `vwqZ¡kxjZv t-
Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡ `vwqZ¡ †P‡q †bb bv| wKš‘ Zvi Dci `vwqZ¡ Avm‡j wZwb m‡e©vËgfv‡e Zv cvj‡bi †Póv K‡ib| gvKvj web
Bqvmvi †_‡K ewb©Z wZwb e‡j‡Qb †h, Avwg im~j (mt) †K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ, †h e¨w³ gymjgvb‡ì †Kvb welq I e¨vcv‡i
`vwqZ¡kxj n‡q emj wKš‘ AZtci †m Zv‡ì Kj¨vb Kvgbv I †L`g‡Zi Rb¨ G iKg ‡PóvI Kij bv hv †m wb‡Ri Rb¨ K‡i
_v‡K, Z‡e Avjvn Zv‡K Dcyo K‡i Rvnvbœv‡g wb‡¶c Ki‡eb| (Avj Zvevivbx)
Avjvni im~j (mt) e‡jb, Avgvi D¤§‡Zi †jvK‡ì RvZxq I ivóªxq Kv‡Ri ‡h wh¤§v`vi n‡e, †m hw` †jvK‡ì fqvbK
Akvwš— I `ytL K‡ó wb‡¶c K‡i Z‡Z †n Avjvn ! ZzwgI Zvi Rxeb‡K msKxb© I Kóc~b© K‡i `vI| Avi †h e¨w³ Avgvi
D¤§‡Zi mvgwMªK e¨vcvi I KvRK‡g©i `vwqZ¡kxj n‡e Ges AZtci †m hw` RbM‡bi cÖwZ fvjevmv I AbyMÖn cÖ`k©b K‡i Z‡e
†n Avjvn Zzwg Zvi cÖwZI AbyMÖn `vb Ki| (gymwjg)
D‡jwLZ nv`xm `ywU †_‡K cwi¯‹vi †h,hv‡ì Dci †bZ…‡Z¡i `vwqZ¡ Avm‡e Zv‡ì‡K gvby‡li cÖwZ ì`x n‡Z n‡e| RbM‡bi
cÖwZ fjevmv, Zv‡ì Kj¨vb Kvgbv, RbM‡bi cÖwZ mnvbyf~wZ hv‡ì †bB Ges hviv gvby‡li Dci `ytL Kó I wech©q Pvwc‡q
8
†`q gymjgvb‡ì †bZv nevi AwaKvi Zv‡ì †bB| GK gyn©‡Z©i Z‡iI gymwjg mgv‡Ri †bZv _vK‡Z cv‡i bv Zviv| Avi
‡bZv hw` gvby‡li cÖwZ fvjevmv iv‡Lb Ges RbM‡bi Kj¨v‡bi Rb¨ †c‡ikvb nb Zvn‡j Avjvni ingZ jvf Ki‡Z
cv‡ib| Avi hw` Zv bv K‡ib Zvn‡j BnKvj I ciKvj Dfq †¶‡Î Acivax, jvwÃZ I kvw¯—i †hvM¨ n‡eb Zv‡Z †Kvb
m‡›`n †bB|
ivm~‡j Kixg (mt) e‡jb, Øxb ejv nq bwmnZ I Kj¨vb Kvgbv‡K| GB K_v wZwb GKvwaKµ‡g wZbevi e‡j‡Qb| nv`xm
eb©bvKvix mvnvexMb e‡jb, Avgiv wRÁvmv Kijvg t †n Avjvi ivm~j! GB bwmnZ I Kj¨vb Kvgbv Kvi Rb¨ ? DË‡i wZwb
Gikv` Ki‡jb t Avjvn Zuvi wKZve, Zuvi ivm~j, gymjgvb‡ì Bgvg I †bZ…e„›` Ges gymwjg RbM‡bi Rb¨|
Kj¨vb Kvgbvi gva¨‡gB gvby‡li g‡a¨ `vwqZ¡kxjZv m„wó nq| Kj¨vb Kvgbvi A_© n‡jv Zviv mwVK KvR Ki‡j Zv‡ì
mn‡hvwMZv Kiv, Avi Ab¨vq KvR Ki‡j Zv‡ì mrc‡_ cwiPvjbvi †Póv Kiv| mvavib gymjgvb †Mvgivn n‡j Zv‡ì h_vmva¨
eywS‡q mrc‡_ Avb‡Z n‡e| Zviv g~L© n‡j Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Øx‡bi wk¶v cÖPvi Ki‡Z n‡e| †ivMvµvš— n‡j wPwKrmv I †mevi
eë¯’v wb‡Z n‡e| gRjyg n‡j e¨w³MZ I mvgwóMZfv‡e Ryjyg †_‡K gy³ Kivi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| Zv‡ì †KD g„Zzëib
Ki‡j Zvi Kvdb, Rvbvhvi eë¯’v Ki‡Z n‡e|
9| msKU †gvKv‡ejvq mvg_© t
Av‡›`vjb †K †h †Kvb msKU I wec`-Avc‡ì Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z _vK‡Z nq| msK‡Ui PovB-DrivB cvi K‡i GKwU Av‡›`vjb j¶¨
cv‡b GwM‡q P‡j| ZvB‡bZ…Z¡ Ggb n‡Z n‡e whwb msKU †gvKv‡ejv Kiv‡eb VvÛv gv_vq Ges exi‡Z¡i mv‡_| msKUKv‡j wK
ai‡bi eë¯’vcbv ev c`‡¶c MÖnb Ki‡Z cv‡ib Zvi Dci †bZ…‡Z¡i GKwU w`K gvÎ, †bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¨ Avi wKQz ìKvi|
10| mgq Dc‡hvMx wm×vš— MÖn‡bi ¶gZv t
K_vq e‡j mg‡qi GK †duvo Amg‡qi `k †duvo| h_vmg‡q mwVK wm×vš— I mgq Dc‡hvMx c`‡¶c wb‡Z cvi‡j Av‡›`vjb
A‡bK GwM‡q hv‡e| mgq my‡hvM ey‡S hviv KvR Ki‡Z cv‡ib Zviv gvby‡li mg‡e`bv I `„wó AvKl©Y Ki‡Z m¶g n‡eb|
11| mvsMVwbK †hvM¨Zv t
gvbyl‡K msNe× I msMwVZ Kiv Ges `jxq Kg©m~Pxi Avjv‡K cwiPvjbv ‡hvM¨Zv †bZvi g‡a¨ _vK‡Z n‡e| mvsMVwbK
†bUIqvK© M‡o Zz‡j cwiKwíZfv‡e KvR Kiv wi‡cvU© msMÖn ZËveavb cÖwk¶Y, ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g kw³ mÂq Ki‡Z cv‡ib
†R‡b Zv wZwbB Zvi j¶¨ nvwm‡j mvdj¨ jvf K‡ib|
eZ©gvb `ywbqvq †bZ…Z¡ KvRUvI GKwU cªvwZôvwbK i“c jvf K‡i‡Q| ZvB kvBL UvBc ev e¨w³Zvwš¿K †bZ„‡Z¡i †Kvb my‡hvM
†bB|
12| cÖkvmwbK I wbe©vnx †hvM¨Zv t
cwiKíbv MÖnY, e›Ub, ev¯—evq‡bi †gKvwbRg m¤ú‡K© ‡bZv mZ©K n‡eb Ges hveZxq Kvh©µ‡g k„•Ljv cÖwZôv Ki‡Z m¶g
n‡eb| hZvh_ †jvK wb‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡j AbK KvR mnR n‡q hvq| †Kvb KvRwU Kivi †hvM¨Zv Kvi Av‡Q G m¤ú‡K©
†bZvi my¯úó I Mfxi Ávb bv _vK‡j Zvi cwiKíbv e¨_© n‡q hv‡e| †Kv_vI †Kvb mgl¨v I RwUjZv †`Lv w`‡j `ª“ZZvi
mv‡_ Zvi mgvavb I wb¯úwË Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j msMVb ev Av‡›`vjb LyeB ¶wZMÖ¯’ nq| Gme e¨vcv‡i †hme †bZv ev
`vwqZ¡kxj D`vmxb Zviv †Kvb µ‡gB mwVK †bZ…Z¡ w`‡Z m¶g bb|
13| †bZv‡K m`vPvi‡bi AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e t
‡bZvi eënvi, PvjPjb gvwR©Z I my›ì n‡Z n‡e| Zvi eënv‡i †KvgjZv gvbyl‡KAvK…ó Ki‡e| m`vPvib‡bi Rb¨ `jgZ
wbwe©‡k‡l mKj gvbyl‡K Kv‡Q Uvb‡Z cvi‡eb| Zvi †mŠRb¨ I f`ªZv n‡e cÖkvœ ZxZ| Zvi mv‡_ mv¶v‡Z gvbyl g‡bi K_v
Zv‡K Ly‡j ej‡Z cvi‡e| Avjvibexi Kv‡Q †hgb gvbyl AKc‡U Zv‡ì †Mvcb Aciv‡ai Lei e‡j w`Z|
14| †bZv n‡eb ingw`j ¶gvkxj t
cweÎ †KviAv‡b Avjvn e‡jb: Òdvwegv ingvwZg --------Ó (Avj Bgivb : 159)|
Ò‡n bex Bnv †Lv`vi me‡P‡q eo AbyMÖ‡ni welq ‡h Zzwg GBme †jv‡Ki Rb¨ LyeB bgª ¯^fv‡ei †jvK n‡qQ| Ab¨_vq Zzwg
hw` DMÖ ¯^fve I cvlvb ü`‡qi AwaKvix n‡Z Z‡e GBme †jvK †Zvgvi PZ©yw`K n‡Z `~‡i m‡i †hZ, AZGe G‡ì gvd K‡i
`vI| Zv‡ì Rb¨ gvM‡div‡Zi †`vqv Ki Ges Øxb Bmjv‡gi KvRK‡g Zv‡ì mv‡_ civgk© Ki| Aek¨ †Kvb wel‡q †Zvgvi
gZ hw` my`„p n‡q hvq Z‡e †Lv`vi Dci fimv Ki| e¯‘Z Avjvn Zv‡ì fvjev‡mi hviv Zvi Dci fimv K‡i KvR K‡i|Ó
†KviAvb gRx‡ì GB AvqvZ Ges gnvbex (mt) Gi Rxeb BwZnvm †_‡K GUv cÖgvwYZ †h, †bZv‡K ing w`‡ji AwaKvix n‡Z
n‡e Ges Zvi g‡a¨ DMÖZv I KwVb¨ _vK‡e bv| cÖwZ‡kva †bqvi g‡bve„wËI Zvi _vK‡e bv| g°v weR‡qi ci gnvbex (mt)
¶gvi †h `„óvš— ¯’vcb K‡iwQ‡jb Zv wek¦ BwZnv‡m GK weij NUbv|
15| ‡bZv n‡eb wekvj ü`‡qi AwaKvix I AvKv‡ki gZ D`vi t
9
Avjvni ivm~j (mt) Zv‡q‡d Pig wbh©vZ‡bi gy‡LvgywL n‡qwQ‡jb| Avjvi mvnv‡h¨ Zv‡qd evmx‡K wZwb aŸsm K‡i w`‡Z
cvi‡Zb| wKš‘ wZwb Zv bv K‡i Zv‡ì †n`vq‡Zi Rb¨ †`vqv Ki‡jb| gnvb Avjvn ZvqvjvI bex (mt) †K ¶gvkxjZvi
bxwZ Abymib Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| Ò‡n bex! bgªZv I ¶gvkxjZvi bxwZ Aej¤^b Ki| gviƒd Kv‡Ri Dc‡`k `vb Ki‡Z
_vK I g~L© †jvK‡ì mv‡_ Rwo‡q co bv|Ó (Avivd : 199)
ÒI jv gvb Iqv mvMviv Bbœv RvwjKv jvwgb AvR‡gj DgyiÓ (m~iv Avk k~iv : 43)
ÒAek¨ †h e¨w³ ‰ah©¨ avib Ki‡e Ges ¶gv Ki‡e Bnv wbtm‡›`‡n eo D”Pgv‡bi mvnwmKZvc~b© Kv‡Ri Ab¨Zg|Ó ÒAvjvn
wb‡R †Kvgj I †g‡nievb| wZwb cÖ‡Z¨K Kv‡R ZvB †KvgjZv I †g‡nievbxi bxwZ cQ›` K‡ib|Ó (eyLvix I gymwjg)
ÒnhiZ Avey ûivqiv (ivt) †_‡K ewb©Z wZwb e‡jb GK MÖvgevmx gmwR‡` beex‡Z †ckve K‡i w`j| ZLb †jv‡Kiv Zv‡K
kv‡q¯—v Kivi Rb¨ D‡V ùvovj| bex (mt) ej‡jb t Qvo Zv‡K| Avi Zvi †ckv‡ei Dci GK evjwZ cvwb †X‡j `vI| hv‡Z
†ckv‡ei wPü `~i n‡q hvq| Kvib †Zvg‡ì mnR bxwZ I eënv‡ii aviK wn‡m‡e cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q| K‡Vvi bxwZi aviK
wn‡m‡e bq|Ó (eyLvix)
‡KviAvb gRx‡` Avjn Zvqvjv e‡jb ÒZiv †hb I‡ì ¶gv K‡i Ges Zv‡ì †`vl Î“wU D‡c¶v K‡i| †Zvgiv wK PvI bv
†h Avjvn †Zvgv‡ì‡K ¶gv Ki“b| Avjvn ¶gvkxj I cig `qvjy| (m~iv Avb b~i :22) gnvbex (mt) Gi mv‡_ hviv
A‡mŠRb¨ g~jK AvPib K‡i‡Qb gnvbex (mt) Zv‡ì mv‡_I nvwmgy‡L D`vi eënvi K‡i‡Qb|
16| †bZv n‡eb A‡í Zzó Ges Z¨vMx t
Bjvgx †bZ…Z¡ mnR mij Rxeb hvcb Ki‡eb| A‡í Zzó _vK‡eb| `ywbqvi m¤ú` I cÖwZcwË AR©‡bi wcQ‡b †`Šov‡e‡b bv|
ÒZviv wb‡R‡ì Zzjbvq Ab¨‡ì‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q _v‡K- hwÌ Zviv wb‡Riv Afy³ _v‡K|Ó (nvki:09)
gnvbex (mt) I mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi Rxe‡b Ab¨‡K AMÖvwaKvi †Ìqvi AmsL¨ bRxi cvI‡qv hvq| Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi ‡bZvi
Rb¨ GUv gvbvbmB bq †h wZwb ïay Zvi wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡bi w`‡K j¶¨ ivL‡eb| wb‡R Kó K‡i A‡bï cÖ‡qvRb c~iY
Kivi gZ eo g‡bi AwaKvix hviv n‡Z cv‡ib ZvivB mgvR I RvwZi †bZ…Z¡ Kivi AwaKvix n‡Z cv‡ib| Avi hviv wb‡Ri
mewKQz wVKVvK †i‡L †bZ…Z¡ Ki‡Z Pvb Zviv G‡¶‡Î mvdj¨ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| Ab¨‡K AMÖvwaKvi Kivi IqvR Kiv hZ
mnR Zvi ev¯—evqb Kiv Z‡ZvwaK KwVb| GB GKwU ¸b gvbyl‡K A‡bK eo I gnvb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
17| †bZv‡K Zvi wb‡Ri KvR m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb n‡Z n‡e t
‡bZv RvwZ‡K Av`wk©K w`M`k©b w`‡eb| wZwb RvwZ‡K HKë× I msMwVZ Ki‡eb my`„p RvZxq HK¨ M‡o Zzj‡eb| †bZv
gvby‡li g‡a¨ `vwqZ¡‡eva I m‡PZbZv m„wó Kieb| †bZv RbM‡bi g‡a¨ RRev I †cªiYv m„wó Ki‡eb| †bZv‡K Zvi g~j KvR
m¤ú‡K© mRvM I mZ©K _vK‡Z n‡e| j¶¨ nvwm‡ji Rb¨ Zv‡K GKwU kw³kvjx wUg M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| KviY †bZ…‡Z¡i mvdj¨
wbf©i K‡i Zvi m½x-mv_x‡ì †hvM¨Zv I `¶Zvi Dci|
MbwfwË I e¨cK Rbmg_©b I RbM‡bi mngwg©Zv jvf Qvov Bmjvgx wece mdj n‡Z cvi‡e bv| ZvB Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡ †K G
e¨vcv‡i me©vwaK m‡PZb n‡Z n‡e| Rbmg_©b I MbwfwË AR©‡bi KvR KZUv AMÖmi n‡”Q †m e¨vcv‡i †bZvi `vwqZ¡ A‡bK
†ewk| RbM‡bi g‡a¨ Bmjv‡gi e¨cK PP©v I Bmjv‡gi wk¶v m¤cÖmviY Qvov Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡ MbwfwË I Rbmg_©b AR©b
Ki‡Zcvi‡e bv| ZvB †bZv‡K G e¨vcv‡i mwµq n‡Z n‡e| Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb †h‡nZz RbM‡bi ga¨ †_‡K DwÌZ GKwU
Av‡›`vjb ZvB RbMb Bmjv‡gi w`‡K hZ‡ewk AMÖmi n‡eb Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡I ZZ‡ewk gReyZ n‡e| ZvQvov RbMbB GB
†bZ…Z¡ evQvB Ki‡e| bex Kwig (mt) e‡jb Ò†Zvgiv †h ai‡bi †jvK n‡e †Zvgv‡ì †bZvI wVK †m ai‡biB n‡e|Ó
(†gkKvZ) myZivs †`Lv hv‡”Q mr Av`k© †bZ…Z¡ mywói †¶Î RbMb| Kv‡RB RbMb hw` mr nq Zvn‡j Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K
mrcÖK…wZi I Av`k©wbô †bZv †ei n‡eb| Avi RbMb hw` Lvivc nq Zvn‡j Zv‡ì †bZvI Lvivc n‡e| Bmjv‡g †h‡nZz †bZv
wbe©vP‡bi RbM‡bi mg_©b cÖ‡qvRb nq †m‡nZz RbMb mr bv n‡j Zv‡ì wbe©vwPZ †bZv mr I †hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv Avevi Amr
†bZvivI RbMb‡K Amr K‡i Qv‡o| †bZvi Av‡iKwU eo KvR n‡”Q Zvi I RbM‡bi g‡a¨ hviv wjsK g¨vb wn‡m‡e KvR
Ki‡e Zv‡ì M‡o †Zvjvi e¨vcv‡i we‡kl hZœ †bIqv| †h ‡bZvi wjsKg¨vbiv MYgyLx †m †bZvI MYgyLx Ges RbwcÖq|
beyqZ cÖvwßi A‡bK Av‡MB gynv¤§` (mt) Gi mvgvwRK †bZ…‡Z¡i ¯^xK…wZ mgvR w`‡q‡Q| Zv‡K Avj-Avwgb, Avm-mvw`K
Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ K‡iwQj| Zvi e¨w³MZ ZrciZv I Kg©Kv‡Ûi gva¨‡gB wZwb Z`vbxš—b mgv‡R GK ¯^xK„wZ e¨w³Z¡ wnmv‡e
gh©v`v jvf K‡i‡wQ‡jb| †bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¨ mvsMVwbK cwigÛ‡ji Av¯’v I ¯^xK…wZB h‡_ó bq| mvaviY RbM‡bi Av¯’v I ¯^xK…wZ
jv‡f hZœevb n‡Z n‡e|
18| †bZv n‡eb fvimvg¨c~Y© I e¨w³Z¡m¤úbœ t
Bmjv‡g †h‡nZy †bZ„Z¡ LwÛZ Kivi †Kvb AeKvk ‡bB, ivR‰bwZK, ag©xq, I Ava¨vwZœK †¶‡Î Avjv`v †bZ…‡Z¡i Aw¯—Z¡ †bB
†m‡nZz Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡‡K fvimvg¨c~Y© e¨w³‡Z¡i AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e| †Kvb we‡kl ‡SvuvK cÖeYZv Zvi Rb¨ gvbvbmB bq| wZwb
ivRbxwZ, ag©, ms¯‹…wZ Ges AvwZœK DbœwZ mvwe©K e¨cv‡i ga¨g cš’vi Abymvix n‡eb| Zvi e¨w³‡Z¡ †hgb Mv¤¢xh© Ges
cwic°Zv _vK‡e Avevi †Zgwb mijZv I Ab¨‡ì nvwmgy‡L m¤¢vlb Rvbv‡bvi ¸bvejxI _vK‡Z n‡e| K…”QZv, Aaëmvq,
10
mvabv, cwikªgwcÖqZv, wbqgvbyewZ©Zv, k„•Ljv, DbœZ PwiÎ, mygayi eënvi I bgbxqZv Ges m‡e©vcwi Avjvn‡cÖg, gvbe‡cÖg
¸bvejx mgvnvi|
gvbyl Zv‡ì †bZv‡K †hgbwU †`L‡Z Pvq t

1. DbœZ ˆbwZKZv I wbg©j Pwi‡Îi AwaKvix 15. AvKl©Yxq I ‰kwíK g‡bve„wËi AwaKvix
2. Ávbx, cÖÁvevb I `~i`„wó m¤úbœ 16. wk¶vbyivMx I ‰kwíK g‡bve„wËi AwaKvix
3. `„pwPË I mvnmx 17. †`L‡Z †kvfb, gvbvbmB †cvkvK-cwi”Q‡`
4. AmvaviY mZZv I †hvM¨Zvi AwaKvix †PŠKl, ¯§vU©
5. wPš—vkxj I D™¢vebx kw³i AwaKvix 18. mK‡ji cÖwZ mgvb `„wó`vb I A‡bï gh©`vi
6. bgª, f`ª, webqx I mygayi eënv‡ii AwaKvix cÖwZ kª×vkxj
7. cwiw¯’wZ †gvKv‡ejv I msKU eë¯’vcbvq 19. gvbwlKfv‡e k³, mnvR I m‡PZb
cvi`k©x 20. `vwqZ¡kxj I KZ©e¨ civqb
8. Bbmvd I b¨vq wePv‡ii cÖZxK 21. D`vi, gnr I ¶gvkxj
9. Aaëmvqx, mvaK I cwikªgx 22. ‡Lv`vfxi“ I Avjvni †cÖwgK
10. mnbkxj, D`vi I cwic° 23. c¶cvZnxb I wbt¯^v_©
11. wb‡j©vf I wb‡g©vn 24. c‡ivcKvix I MYgyLx
12. msMVb cwiKíbv I k„•Ljv weav‡b cvi`k©x 25. mKj e¨vcv‡i AMÖMvgx I Av`k© ¯’vcbKvix
13. Av¯’vfvRb I Amnv‡qi Avkªq`vbKvix 26. wec-ex I msMÖvgx
14. D‡`¨vMx I mwµq
16. Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸bvejx

Lyiig gyiv`
†jLK cwiwPwZ- wZwb 1932 mv‡j cvwK¯—v‡b Rb¥ MÖnb K‡ib| BwÁwbqvi wQ‡jb D.N.D evu‡ai i“cKvi| †n‡ig kix‡d
Zvi bv‡g ev‡e gyiv` bv‡g GKwU ìRv Av‡Q| Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ wQ‡jb| 1996 mv‡ji 17 B wW‡m¤î
B‡š—Kvj K‡ib|
welq e¯‘ t- KivPx‡Z RvwgqvZzj dvjvni D‡`¨v‡M Av‡qvwRZ GK Abyôv‡b Ò‡bZv I wk¶K wn‡m‡e bex Kwig (mvt)Ó
wk‡ivbv‡g Zvi mxivZ I Av`‡k©i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z nq| Avi G Av‡jvPbv B ciewZ©‡Z eB AvKv‡i †ei nq|
cÖ_gZ t- Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b †bZvi ¸bvejx †Kgb nIqv cÖ‡qvRb Zv †jLK ivmyj (mvt) Gi Rxe‡bi Av‡jv‡K Dc¯’vcb
K‡i‡Qb| gyjZ t ivmyj (mvt) Gi †bZv wn‡m‡e wK ¸bvejx wQj ZvB wZwb Zz‡j a‡i‡Qb|
gyj eBwU‡Z 5 wU Aa¨vq t-
1- ivmyj (mvt) Gi Av`k©| 4- wei“×ev`x‡ì mv‡_ ivmyj (mvt) Gi AvPib|
2- ivmyj (mvt) Gi `vIqvZ I `vIqv‡Zi 5- Av‡›`vj‡bi mv_x‡ì mv‡_ ivmyj (mvt) Gi
D‡Ïk¨| AvPib|
3- bex cvK (mvt) Ges `vIqv‡Z Øxb|
cÖ_g Aa¨vq t- ivmyj (mvt) Gi Av`k©|
1- Av`k© †bZv I wk¶K|
2- ‡KviAvb I mxiv‡Z ivmy‡ji (mvt) m¤úK©|
3- ‡KviAv‡b mxivZ Aa¨v‡qi cš’v|
 Av`k© †bZv I wk¶K|
1- ivmyj (mvt) n‡jb wmivRvg gybxiv-Avnhve-46 4- Av`k© wk¶K|
b~n-16 bvev-13 5- wk¶v`vbB wimvjv‡Zi eywbqv`x `vwqZ¡|
2- i“n I AvZ¥vi Rb¨ cwiZywói ¯’vb †bZv| 6- ivmyj (mvt) †K Rxeb Kv‡djvi †mbvcwZ
3- Avgj I K‡g©i Rb¨ Av`k©| evbv‡Z n‡e
 †KviAvb I mxiv‡Z ivmy‡ji (mvt) m¤úK©|
1- m‡e©vËg mxivZ MÖš’ n‡jv †KviAvb gvRx`| 2- KziAvb mxiv‡Zi wbLyZ eY©bv Avi mxivZ
11
KziAv‡bi Rxeš— g‡Wj| 4- mxiv‡Zi Av‡jvPbv n‡e KziAv‡bi Av‡jv‡K|
3- ‡KviAvb co‡Z n‡e k‡ãi cwie‡Z© Avgjx
Rxe‡b|
 †KviAv‡b mxivZ Aa¨v‡qi cš’v|

1- ‡KviAv‡b †hme †n`vqvZ I ûKzg Ges weavb †`qv n‡q‡Q , †m¸‡jv bex (mvt) I Zvi mv_x gywgb‡ì ejv n‡q‡Q|
2- ‡h me ¯’v‡b ÒBqv AvBDnvbœvmÓ Av‡Q Zv mg¯’ gvbyl‡K eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
3- NUbvejx †hLv‡b Av‡Q †mLv‡bB mxiv‡Zi Av‡jvPbv|
4- ‡KviAvb Aa¨q‡bi gva¨‡g Avgiv †`wL ivmyj (mvt) BRwZnv` K‡i‡Qb|
wØZxq Aa¨vq t-
 ivmyj (mvt) Gi `vIqvZ I `vIqv‡Zi D‡Ïk¨|
1. `vIqv‡Zi m¤úK© Avjvni mv‡_-AvjvK- 4. wg_¨v †Lv`v‡ì wei“‡× wRnv`|
1-5 BDbym-35 5. `vIqv‡Zi †ndvRZ-BDbym-15
2. Avjvni †kªôZ¡ eY©bv Kiv nq- gyÏvm&wmi| 6. `vIqv‡Zi mKj As‡Mi cÖwZ j¶¨v‡ivc|
3. Avjvni e‡›`Mxi cÖvavb¨- AvbAvg-103
 wZbwU c×wZ‡Z `vIqvZ `vb t-
1. Avj-vni fq cÖ`k©b|
2. Avj-vni wbKU ¶gv PvIqv|
3. Avj-vni my-msev` †Ìqv|
Z…Zxq Aa¨vq t- bex cvK (mvt) Ges `vIqv‡Z Øxb
 ¸i“ `vwq‡Z¡i AbyfywZ I mve©¶wbK e¨vKzjZv|
1. Avjvni KvR g‡b Kivi aib| 4. `ye©n Kvjvg|
2. gvwj‡Ki ZZ¡veav‡b| 5. mve©¶wbK a¨vb I †c‡ikvbx|
3. gh©v`v I wh¤§v`vixi Abyf~wZ|
 ¯^xq cÖ¯‘wZ t- GB KvR ¸‡jv Kivi Rb¨
1. ‡KviAv‡bi mv‡_ wbweo m¤úK©| 4. whK‡i Bjvnx|
2. Ávb jv‡fi Zxeª AvKvsLv| 5. mei|
3. wKqvgyj jvBj I ZviZxjyj †KviAvb|
PZz_© Aa¨vq t- wei“×ev`x‡ì mv‡_ ivmyj (mvt) Gi AvPib
 ‡gŠwLK we‡ivaxZv|  DËg ˆbwZKZv|  Zvwq‡di NUbv|
 ‡gvKvwejv Ges †Rnv`|  g‡›ì Reve fv‡jv w`‡q|
5g Aa¨vq t- Av‡›`vj‡bi mv_x‡ì mv‡_ ivmyj (mvt) Gi AvPib|

 ivDdzi ivnxg-
 gh©v`vi Abyf~wZ I wbweo m¤úK©|  ‡KvgjZv I mnRZv|
 ZvÕjxg I ZvhwKqv|  ¶gv I gvR©bv|
 ch©‡e¶b I Bn‡Zmve|  webq|
 ‡hvM¨Zv I mvg_© Abyhvqx AvPib|
g‡bvevmbv t- me©‡kl ‡jL‡Ki g‡bvevmbv †c‡ki gva¨‡g Dcmsnvi Uvbv n‡q‡Q|
 wZbwU wel‡q ivmyj (mvt) ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Zb-
1. g‡bve„wË‡Z BLjvm|
2. m¤ú` †Kvievbxi cÖej AvMÖn|
3. Rxe‡bi j¶¨we›`y Av‡LivZ|
-m¤ú` †Kvievbxi gva¨‡g gb‡K cix¶v Kiv hvq|
-m¤ú` e¨vZxZ Av‡›`vjb P‡jbv|
12
1. Djygyj †KviAvb
 KziAvb wK?
 KziAvb k‡ãi A_© : cvV Kiv, †ewk †ewk cov|
 cwifvlvq : gnvb Avjvn iveyj Avjvgxb Zuvi ev›`vi c_ wb‡`©‡ki Rb¨ wReªvCj (Av.)- Gi gva¨‡g nhiZ gynv¤§v`
(mv.)-Gi Dci ch©vqµ‡g hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Zv-B Avj KziAvb|
 cweÎ KziAvbyj Kvixg we‡k¦i BwZnv‡m GK wbfy©j wKZve| hv gvbe RvwZi Rb¨ GK cwic~Y© †n`vqvZ MÖš’, cvw_©e I
cvi‡jŠwKK Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU w`K I wefv‡Mi my¯úó wb‡`©kbv Gi g‡a¨ wbwnZ| hv Avcb gwngvq fv¯î, Zzjbvnxb I
AcÖwZØ›`x gvbe gyw³i gnv ¯^viK|
 G n‡”Q GKgvÎ wKZve, hvi g‡a¨ †Kvb m‡›`n †bB| Avi BnvB Avjvn-fxi“‡ì Rb¨ wn`vqvZ ev Rxeb hvcb c×wZ| (evKviv :
2)
 igRvb gvm| G gv‡mB †n`vqvZ MÖš’ Avj-KziAvb bvwRj Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv‡Z i‡q‡Q gvbe RvwZi Rb¨ my¯úó w`K
wb‡`©kbv I mZ¨ wg_¨vi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Kivi Rb¨ Dc‡`kmg~n| (evKviv : 85)
 KziAvb cwic~Y© Rxeb weavb :
 G wKZv‡e Avgiv †Kvb wKQyB ev` †`Bwb| (AvbAvg : 38)
 Av‡jvP¨ welq : gvby‡li Kj¨vY I AKj¨v‡Yi c_ wb‡`©k Kiv|
 welq e¯‘ : gvbyl|
 evPb fw³ : †jLvi aib bq, e³…Zvc~Y©| Aa¨vc‡Ki e³…Zv bq, GKRb wecex †bZvi SsKvi c~Y© e³…Zvi b¨vq|
1. KziAv‡bi Aci K‡qKwU bvg :
1. Avj-û`v 5. wKZveyj-gyweb 9. wKZveyj nvKxg
2. Avj-dziKvb 6. Avj-Kvjvg 10. wmivZzj-gy¯ÍvwKg
3. Avb-b~i 7. wKZveyj gvmvbx 11. Avj nvw`
4. Avh-whKi 8. Avj-wnKgZ 12. Avj †evinvb
 m~iv dvwZnvi Aci K‡qKwU bvg
1. D¤g~j KziAvb 5. myivZzm wkdv 9. mvjvZ,
2. D¤g~j wKZve 6. †mivZzj nvg`, 10. wmR`vn
3. myivZzZ †`vqv 7. †mivZzk †kvKi, 11. wmdvn
4. myivZzj gybvhvZ 8. †gvbvhvZ,
 †KviAvb AeZx‡Y©i w`K eviwUt
 gv°x  bvnex  †Kivmx
 gv`vbx  jvBjx  cÖ_g AeZxY©
 wnRix  †mZvex  †kl AeZxY©
 mvdix  mvqdx
 nhiZ Avey eKi wmwÏK (ivt) Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ cweÎ †Kvi Avb wjwce× Kiv nq|
 nhiZ Igi Bebyj Ave`yj LvËve (ivt) Gi civg‡k© †KviAvb wjwce× Kiv nq|
 †KviAvb wKfv‡e bvwhj nqt cweÎ KziAvb GKmv‡_ Avjvni ivmyj (mt) Gi Dci bvwhj Kiv nqwb, wewfbœ Ae¯’v Ges
NUbvi cwi‡cw¶‡Z AvqvZ I m~iv bvwhj nq|
 Inx bvwh‡ji c×wZt 8 wU
1. N›Uvawbi mvnv‡h¨ 6. †gŠgvwQi ¸Y¸Y k‡ãi b¨vq
2. mZ¨-¯^cœ‡hv‡M 7. Aš—‡i †KvbwKQz †X‡j †`qv (Bjnv‡gi
3. nhiZ wReªvBj (Avt) ¯^qs wbR AvK…wZ‡Z gva¨‡g)|
Dcw¯’Z n‡q 8. Bmivwd‡ji Inx
4. gvby‡li AvK…wZ‡Z (nhiZ `vwnqvZzj K¡vjex (ivt)),
5. c`©vi Aš—ivj n‡Z Avjvni evYx kªeY
 KziAvb Aa¨q‡bi mgm¨v :
1. Ab¨vb¨ mvaviY MÖ‡š’i b¨vq g‡b Kiv| 2. GKB wel‡qi evi evi D‡jL|
13
3. †Kvb welq m~Px bv _vKv| 8. ivm~‡ji wecex Rxeb bv Rvbv|
4. KziAvb bvwR‡ji NUbv ev †cÖ¶vcU bv Rvbv| 9. wfbœ fvlv nIqv
5. bv‡mL-gvbmyL mgm¨v| 10. avivevwnKZvi Afve
6. Aviwe fvlv bv Rvbv| 11. mwbœ‡ek ci¯úi nIqv
7. Inxi fvlv bv eySv| 12. GKwU welq †kl bv n‡Z Ab¨ wel‡qi AeZviYv
 mgvav‡bi Dcvq :
i. Aa¨q‡bi mgq wbi‡c¶ gb gMR wb‡q emv| v. GKvMÖwP‡Ëi mv‡_ Aa¨vqY
ii. KziAvb bvwR‡ji †cÖ¶vcU I ivm~‡ji wecex vi. †KviAv‡bi j‡¶¨ mwVK c_ cÖ`k©b
Av‡›`vj‡bi wewfbœ Ae¯’v I ch©vq m¤ú‡K© vii. †KviAv‡bi fvlv †UwjMÖvdx fvlv
my¯úó Ávb _vKv| viii. †KviAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq gvbyl
iii. N‡i e‡m KziAvb eySvi †P‡q KziAvb cÖwZôvi
Av‡›`vj‡b kixK n‡Z n‡e|
iv. †ewVK aviYv gy‡Q †djv
 †KviAv‡bi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨t gvbyl‡K c_åóZv †_‡K evPv‡bv Ges †n`vqvZ, gyw³ I Kj¨v‡Yi c‡_ Zz‡j wb‡q Avmvq
†KviAv‡bi cÖK…Z j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨|
 †gŠwjK êwkó¨t
 me©hy‡Mi †kªô MÖš’  k¦vkZ AvBb
 †kl Hkx MÖš’  Ab¨Zg mvwnZ¨
 gvbe RvwZi BnKvjxb I ciKvjxb gyw³i mb`  ivmy‡ji (mt) †kªô †gv‡Rhv|
 fvimvg¨c~Y© c~Y©v½ Rxeb eë¯’v
 †bvKZv `vbKvixt
 hv‡q` web mvweZ (ivt)
 nv¾vR web BDmyd
 Aveyj Avmv` †`vnvBjx Avj emix (i)|
 KziAv‡bi m~iv I Avqv‡Zi cÖKvi‡f`t
welqwfwËK AvqvZ 3 cÖKvi : h_vÑ 1. nvjvj 2. nvivg 3. AvgQvj
 A_© eySvi w`K w`‡q 2 cÖKvi : 1. gynKvgvZ, 2. gyZvkv‡envZ|
 bvwR‡ji w`K w`‡q 2 cÖKvi : 1. gv°x 2. gv`vbx|
 gv°x m~iv msL¨v : 86wU| gv`vbx m~iv msL¨v : 28wU|
 gv°x m~iv : †h mg¯Í m~iv ivm~‡ji (mv.) gv°x Rxe‡b A_©vr wnRi‡Zi c~‡e© AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Zv‡ì‡K gv°x m~iv e‡j|
 gv°x m~ivi êwkó¨ :
1. ivmyj‡K (mt) †`qv weivU `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Dc‡hvMx Dc‡`k
2. Rxeb I RMZ m¤ú‡K© cÖPwjZ åvš— aviYv Ac‡bv`b I mwVK wek¦vm m„wói †Póv, Bmjv‡gi eywbqv`x wfwË‡K
wewfbœfv‡e †ck Kiv, ZvInx`, †imvjvZ I AvwLiv‡Zi †ewk PP©v|
3. gvby‡li NygšÍ we‡eK I ˆbwZKZv‡eva RvMÖZ K‡i wPšÍv kw³‡K mZ¨ MÖn‡Y AvMÖnx Kiv|
4. cÖv_wgKfv‡e me¸‡jvi fvlv ¯^”Q Sb©v avivi gZ SiS‡i, †QvU‡QvU, Q›`gq, mn‡R gyL¯’ nevi Dc‡hvMx|
5. gv°x m~iv e¨w³ MV‡b †n`vqvZ c~Y©|
6. gv°x m~ivq â‡h©i Dc‡`k, we‡ivwaZvi Reve I †gvKv‡ejv Kivi c_ †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
7. wnRi‡Zi c~‡e© bvwRj n‡q‡Q|
8. AwaKvsk m~iv †QvU †QvU|
 gv`vbx m~ivi êwkó¨t
1. AwaKvsk `xN© m~iv|
2. wnRi‡Zi c‡i bvwhj
3. mgvR MV‡b weavb
 †dŠR`vix AvBb, wgivmx weavb, we‡q-ZvjvK, hvKvZ-Dki BZ¨v`xi wbqg Kvbyb|
 `j, ivóª, mf¨Zv I mvgvwRKZvi wfwË
 gybvwdK, Kvwdi, wRw¤§, Avn‡j wKZve hy×gvb kÎ“, mwÜmy‡Î Ave× RvwZi cÖwZ AvPib|
 Rq civRq, wec`-kvwšÍ, wbivcËv I fxwZ BZ¨v`x Ae¯’vq gymjgvb‡ì KZ©e¨|
 GK bR‡i Avj KziAvb :
14
1. i“Kz : 554wU 14. me‡P‡q eo m~iv : AvjÑevKvivn|
2. wmR`v : 14wU 15. me‡P‡q †QvU m~iv : Avj-KvDmvi|
3. cviv : 30wU 16. m~iv ZIevi Aci bvg : evivAvZ|
4. KziAv‡bi kã msL¨v : 77277 (gZvšÍ‡i) 17. m~iv gynv¤§v‡ì Aci bvg : Avj-wKZvj|
77934wU| 18. KziAv‡b D‡jwLZ mvnvexi bvg : hv‡q` Be‡b
5. A¶i msL¨v : 338606wU| nv‡imv (iv.)|
6. cybive„wË Avqv‡Zi msL¨v : 2775wU| 19. m~iv Avbdv‡j e`‡ii, ZIevq Zvey‡Ki, Avnhv‡e
7. KziAv‡bi m~iv msL¨v : 114wU| L›`‡Ki, Bgiv‡b Dû‡ì hy‡×i Av‡jvPbv Kiv
8. AvqvZ msL¨v : 6666 (gZvšÍ‡i) 6236wU| n‡q‡Q|
9. KziAv‡b KziAvb kã G‡m‡Q : 61 evi| 20. KziAv‡b wReªvBj (Av.)-†K i“ûj Avgxb ejv
10. me©cÖ_g bvwhjK…Z c~Y©v½ m~iv : Avj-dvwZnv| n‡q‡Q|
11. me©cÖ_g bvwhjK…Z AvqvZ/Inx : Avj-AvjvK (1- 21. RvwgDj KziAvb nhiZ Dmgvb (iv.) Gi Avw`
5)| cvÛywjwc Zzi‡¯‹i hv`yN‡i msiw¶Z Av‡Q|
12. me©‡kl bvwhjK…Z c~Y©v½ m~iv : Avb-bmi| 22. KziAv‡b niKZ †`b nv¾vR web BDmyd|
13. me©‡kl bvwhjK…Z AvqvZ ev Inx : Avj-evKvivn 23. KziAv‡bi 1g Abyev` K‡ib (AvswkK) gvIjvbv
281| Avgxi DÏxb emywbqv|
 `vim ˆZixi wb‡`©wkKv :
1. mnxn †ZjvIqvZ| 4. m~iv/nv`xm cwiwPwZ| 7. m~ivi Av‡jvP¨ welq|
2. ZiRgv/ mij Abyev`| 5. m~ivi bvgKi‡Yi KviY| 9. Avqv‡Zi msL¨v|
3. `vi‡mi cwiwPwZ| 6. bvwh‡ji †cÖ¶vcU| 10. `vim †_‡K AwR©Z wk¶v|
 †KviAv‡b i“ûj Avgxb/Kz`m Kv‡K e‡jt nhiZ wReªvCj (Avt)|
 †KviAv‡b cÖ_g niKZ ms‡hvRb K‡ib t nv¾vR web BDmyd
 †KviAv‡b ewY©Z bexi msL¨vt 25 Rb|
 †Kvb& m~ivq wemwgjvn †bB I †Kvb& m~ivq 2evi wemwgjvn Av‡Qt m~iv ZvIevq wemwgjvn †bB I m~iv bg‡j 2 evi
wemwgjvn Av‡Q|
 †KviAv‡b ewY©Z mvnvexi bvgt nhiZ hv‡q` web nv‡imv (ivt)|
 m~iv ZvIevq Keyj cÖvß 3 Rb mvnvexi bvgt
1. nhiZ wnjvj Be‡b DgvBqv (ivt)
2. nhiZ gyiviv Be‡b i“evC (ivt)
3. nhiZ Kve Be‡b gvwjK (ivt)
 †KviAvb †evSvi DcKiYt
1. Aviex fvlv m¤ú‡K© Ávb AR©b 4. wewfbœ RvwZi DÌvb-cZ‡bi BwZnvm Mfxifv‡e
2. ivmy‡ji (mt) Gi Rxebx fvj K‡i Rvbv Aa¨qY
3. gynv¤§` (mt) †K GKgvÎ Av`k© wk¶K wn‡m‡e MÖnY 5. †KviAvb M‡elK ev AZxZ Avmgvbx wKZve cov
Kiv 6. m„wó RM‡Zi wewfbœ inm¨ Dcjwä Kiv (evK¡viv-190)|
 msKjKt nhiZ hv‡q` web mvweZ (ivt)|
 †KviAvb msKjbt 3 wU cš’v
 wjwLZ Ask
 mvnvev‡q †Kivg‡ì wbKU †_‡K
 nv‡dR‡ì wbKU †_‡K
 †KviAvb msKjb I msi¶‡Yi BwZnvmt
 gnvbex (mt) Gi RxweZ _vKv Ae¯’vq wewfbœ mvnvexiv †KviAvb gyL¯’ K‡i wb‡qwQ‡jb Ges wewfbœ gva¨‡g wj‡L †i‡L
wb‡qwQ‡jb|
 cieZ©x‡Z nhiZ AveyeKi (ivt) Gi Avg‡j hLb Bqvgvgvi hy‡× 70 Rb nv‡d‡R KziAvb kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib ZLb
nhiZ Igi (ivt) Gi civgk©µ‡g hv‡q` web mvweZ (ivt) Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ GKwU KwgwU MVb K‡ib I msKj‡bi KvR ïi“
K‡ib| Gi g~j GK Kwc nhiZ nvdmv (ivt) Gi Kv‡Q iv‡Lb|
 AviI c‡i nhiZ Dmgvb (ivt) Gi Avg‡j G‡m †h mvZwU fvlvq KziAvb iwPZ I cÖPwjZ wQj me¸‡jv cywo‡q †`b I
KzivBk fvlv e¨ZxZ me fvlvi †ZjvIqvZ jyß K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z GKwU Kwc Avevi nhiZ nvdmv (ivt) Gi wbKU iv‡Lb
Ges Zvi K‡qKwU Kwc K‡i wewfbœ †`‡ki cÖavb‡ì Kv‡Q cvVvb|
15
KziAvb msi¶‡bi BwZnvmt
1. mvnvex‡ì gyL¯’ K‡i Aš—Ki‡bi gva¨‡g 4. cïi Pvgovq wj‡L
2. Mv‡Qi cvZvq wj‡L 5. cïi nv‡o wj‡L
3. Mv‡Qi Qv‡j wj‡L 6. cv_‡ii Mv‡q wj‡L|
2. Djygyj nvw`m
1. nv`xm t nv`xm Aviex kã| Aviex Awfavb I †KviAv‡bi eënvi Abyhvqx nv`xm k‡ãi A_© -K_v, evYx, evZ©v, msev`,
welq, Lei, I e¨vcvi BZ¨vw`, cwifvlvq: bex (mt) Gi K_v, KvR I †gŠb m¤§wZ‡K ejv nq nv`xm, GK K_vq ivmyj
(mt) Gi beyqvZx Rxe†bi mKj K_v KvR Ges Aby‡gv`b‡K nvw`m e‡j|
 mvnvev‡ì K_v, KvR I Aby‡gv`b‡K ejv nq AvQvi|
 Zv‡eqx I Zv‡e Zv‡eqx‡ì K_v KvR I Aby‡gv`b‡K ejv nq d‡Zvqv|
 mvnvex t †h e¨w³ ivm~jyjvn (m:) -Gi mvnPh© jvf K‡i‡Qb, Zuv‡K †`‡L‡Qb I Zuvi GKwU
nv`xm eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Ges Cgv‡bi mv‡_ g„ZyëiY K‡i‡Qb Zuv‡K mvnvex e‡j |
 Zv‡eqx t whwb Cgv‡bi mv‡_ †Kvb mvnvexi mvnPh© jvf K‡i‡Qb Ges mvnvex‡ì AbyKiY
K‡i‡Qb Zuv‡K Zv‡eqx e‡j |
 Zv‡e Zv‡eqx t whwb Cgv‡bi mv‡_ †Kvb Zv‡eqxi mvnPh© jvf K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv‡eqx‡ì AbyKiY
K‡i‡Qb Zuv‡K Zv‡e Zv‡eqx e‡j |
†kªYxwefvMt
1. nvw`‡mi msÁv wfwËK cÖKvi‡f`t wZb cÖKvi
 K¡Ijx nvw`m  †dÕwj nvw`m  ZvK¡wiix nvw`m
2. ivexÕi msL¨vi w`K w`‡q nvw`m 2 cÖKvit
 nvw`‡m gyZvIqvwZi  nvw`‡m Iqvwn`
 nvw`‡m Iqvwn` Avevi 3 cÖKvi
 nvw`‡m gvkûi  nvw`‡m AvRxR  nvw`‡m Mixe
3. ivex ev` covi w`K w`‡q nvw`m 2 cÖKvi
 gyËvwmj nvw`m  gybKvwZ nvw`m
 gybKvwZ nvw`m Avevi 3 cÖKvi
 gyqvj-vK  gy`vj-vm  gyimvj nvw`m
nvw`m nvw`m
4. ivexÕi ¸Y Abyhvqx nvw`m 3 cÖKvit
 mnxn nvw`m  nvmvb nvw`m  Rqxd nvw`m
5. mb‡ì w`K w`‡q nvw`m wZb cÖKvit
 gvidz nvw`m  gvIKzd nvw`m  gvKZz nvw`m
6. Î“wUc~Y© eY©bvi w`K w`‡q nvw`m `yB cÖKvit
 kvh nvw`m  gyqvj-vj nvw`m
 nvw`m I mybœvni cv_©K¨t mybœvn nj ivmyj (mt) Gi ev¯—e Kg©bxwZ Avi nvw`m ej‡Z ivmyj (mt) Gi K_v, KvR I
mg_©b †K eySvq|
 AvQvit mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi K_v I KvR †K AvQvi e‡j|
 mb`t nvw`m eY©Yvi avivevwnKZv †K mb` e‡j|
 gZbt nvw`‡mi g~j Ask‡K gZb e‡j|
 ivÕext nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvix‡K ivÕex e‡j|
 †iIqv‡qZt nvw`‡mi eY©Yv‡K †iIqv‡qZ e‡j|
 gynvwÏmt whwb nvw`m PP©v K‡ib Ges eû msL¨K nvw`‡mi mb` I gZb m¤ú‡K© we‡kl Ávb iv‡Lb Zv‡K gynvwÏm e‡j|
 gvidyt †h nvw`‡mi eY©Yv ci¯úiv ivmyj (mt) †_‡K nvw`m MÖš’ msKjbKvix ch©š— myiw¶Z Av‡Q Ges gvSLvb †_‡K
†Kvb eY©YvKvixi bvg ev` c‡owb Zv‡K gvidz nvw`m e‡j|
 gvIKzdt †h nv`x‡mi eY©Yv myÎ ïay mvnvex ch©š— †cŠ‡Q‡Q Zv‡K nvw`‡m gvIKzd e‡j|
 gvKZzt †h nvw`‡mi eY©Yv myÎ ïay ZvweC ch©š— †cŠ‡Q‡Q Zv‡K nvw`‡m gvKZz e‡j|
 gyËvwmjt †h nv`x‡mi mb‡ì avivevwnKZv Dci †_‡K bxP ch©š— c~Y©i“‡c msiw¶Z Av‡Q, †Kvb ¯—‡iB ivÕexi bvg
ev` c‡owb Zv‡K gyËvwmj nvw`m e‡j|
16
 gybKv‡Zt †h nv`x‡mi mb‡ì avivevwnKZv iw¶Z nqwb, gvSLv‡bi †Kvb GK¯Í‡i eY©YvKvixi bvg ev` c‡o‡Q, Zv‡K
gybKv‡Z nvw`m e‡j|
 gyimvjt mb‡ì g‡a¨ ZvweÕCi ci eY©YvKvixi bvg ev` co‡j Zv‡K gyimvj nvw`m e‡j|
 gyÕ`vjt †h nvw`‡mi mb‡ì g‡a¨ †_‡K ch©vqµ‡g `yRb eY©YvKvixi bvg ev` c‡o †M‡Q Zv‡K nvw`‡m gyimvj e‡j|
 gy`vj-vmt †h me nvw`‡m ivex Da©Zb ivexi m‡›`ngy³ kã cÖ‡qv‡M D‡jL K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K gy`vjvm nvw`m e‡j|
 gyAvj-vKt †h nvw`‡m mvnvexi ci GK ev GKvwaK ivexi bvg ev` c‡o‡Q Zv‡K gyAvjvK nvw`m e‡j|
 gyAvj-vjt †h nvw`‡mi mb‡` wek¦¯—Zvi wecixZ Kvh©vejx †Mvcbfv‡e wbwnZ _v‡K Zv‡K nvw`‡m gyAvjvj e‡j|
 gyhZvwiet †h nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvix gZb ev mb`‡K wewfbœ cÖKvi G‡jv‡g‡jv K‡i eY©Yv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K gyhZvwie nvw`m
e‡j|
 gyìvRt †h nvw`‡mi g‡a¨ eY©YvKvix Zuvi wb‡Ri A_ev †Kvb mvnvex ev Zv‡eCi Awfe¨w³ ms‡hvRb K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K
gyìvR nvw`m e‡j|
 gymbv`t †h gvidz nvw`‡mi mb` m¤ú~Y©i“‡c gyËvwmj Zv‡K gymbv` nvw`m e‡j|
 gybKvit †h nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvix `~e©j Ges Zvi ewY©Z nvw`m Aci `~e©j eY©YvKvixi ewY©Z nvw`‡mi cwicwš’ nq Zv‡K
gybKvi nv`xm e‡j|
 gvZi“Kt nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvix hw` nvw`‡mi e¨vcv‡i wg_¨v cÖgvwYZ bv n‡q K_vq wg_¨v cÖgvwYZ nb Zv‡K gvZi“K
nvw`m e‡j|
 gvI`yt eY©YvKvix hw` mgv‡jvwPZ e¨w³ nb Avi hw` wZwb nvw`m eY©Yvq wg_¨vev`x nb Z‡e Zvi ewY©Z nvw`m‡K gvI`y
nvw`m e‡j|
 gyenvgt †h nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvixi mwVK cwiPq cvIqv hvqwb, hvi wfwË‡Z Zvi †`vl, ¸Y wePviKiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ggb
nvw`m‡K gyenvg nvw`m e‡j|
gyZvIqwZit †hme nvw`‡mi mb‡` eY©YvKvixi msL¨v GZ AwaK †h Zviv mevB GK‡hv‡M †Kvb wg_¨vi Dci HK¨gZ nIqv
Am¤¢e| Avi GB msL¨vwaK¨ hw` me©¯—‡i _v‡K Z‡e Zv‡K gyZvIqvwZi nvw`m e‡j|
 gvkûit †hme nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvixi msL¨v wZb ev wZ‡bi AwaK n‡e wKš‘ gyZvIqvwZ‡ii ch©vq ch©š— †cŠQ‡e bv Ggb
nvw`m‡K gvkûi nvw`m e‡j|
 gvi“dt †Kvb `~e©j eY©YvKvixi ewY©Z nvw`m Aci †Kvb `~e©j eY©YvKvixi ewY©Z nvw`‡mi we‡ivax n‡j A‡c¶vK…Z Kg
`~e©j eY©YvKvixi nvw`m‡K gvi“d nvw`m e‡j|
 gyZvwet GK ivwei nvw`‡mi Abyiƒc hw` Aci ivexi †Kvb nvw`m cvIqv hvq Z‡e wØZxq ivexi nvw`m‡K cÖ_g nvw`‡mi
gyZvwe e‡j|
 mnxnt †h gyËvwmj nvw`‡mi mb‡` D×„Z cÖ‡Z¨K eY©YvKvixB wbf©i‡hvM¨, wek¦¯—, cªLi ¯§iYkw³ m¤úbœ Ges nvw`mLvwb
mKj cÖKvi Î“wU wePÿwZ †_‡K gy³ Zv‡K mnxn nvw`m e‡j|
 nvmvbt †h nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvixi ¯§iYkw³ wKQzUv `~e©j e‡j cÖgvwYZ Zv‡K nvmvb nvw`m e‡j|
 hvqxdt †h nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvix †Kvb nvmvb eY©YvKvixi ¸Ym¤úbœ bb Zv‡K hvqxd nvw`m e‡j|
 Avhxht †h mnxn nvw`m cÖwZ¯—‡i Kgc‡¶ `yÕRb eY©YvKvix eY©Yv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K nvw`‡m Avwhh e‡j|
 Mvwiet †h mnxn nvw`m me©¯—‡i GKRb ivex eY©Yv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K Mvwie nvw`m e‡j|
 kvht †h nvw`m †Kvb wek¦¯’ eY©YvKvix GKvKx eY©Yv K‡i‡Qb Ges Zvi mg_©‡b Ab¨ †Kvb eY©Yv cvIqv hvqbv, Zv‡K kvh
nvw`m e‡j|
 Avnv`t †hme nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvixi msL¨v gyZvIqvwZ‡ii msL¨v ch©š— †cŠ‡Qwb Zv‡K Avnv` nv`xm e‡j|
 gyËvdvKzb AvjvBwnt †hme nvw`m Cgvg †evLvix I Cgvg gymwjg GK‡Î ¯^ ¯^ MÖ‡š’ eY©Yv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K gyËvdvKzb
AvjvBwn e‡j|
 Av`vjZt eY©YvKvix gymwjg c~Y© eq¯‹ Ávbx wdm‡Ki Dcvq DcKiY †_‡K Ges gvbeZv we‡ivax Kg©KvÛ †_‡K `~‡i
_vKv‡K Av`vjZ e‡j|
 hveZt kÖ“Z welq‡K RoZv I webó †_‡K Ggbfv‡e msi¶Y Kiv †hb Zv h_vh_fv‡e eY©Yv Kiv m¤¢e, Zv‡K hveZ e‡j|
 wQKvnt †h eY©YvKvixi g‡a¨ Av`vjZ I hveZ c~Y©fv‡e we`¨gvb, Zv‡K wQKvn e‡j|
 kvqLt nvw`‡mi wk¶v`vbKvix eY©YvKvix‡K kvqL e‡j|
 kvBLvBbt gynvwÏm‡ì cwifvlvq Cgvg eyLvix I Cgvg gymwjg (it) †K GK‡Î kvBLvBb e‡j|
 nvwdht whwb nvw`‡mi mb` I gZ‡bi mg¯— e„Ëvš— mn GKjvL nvw`m gyL¯’ K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K nvwdh e‡j|
 û¾vZt whwb wZb jvL nvw`m AvqZ¡ K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K û¾vZ e‡j|
 nvwKgt whwb mg¯— nvw`m mb` I gZb mn gyL¯’ K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K nvwKg e‡j|
 weRvjt nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvixi mgwó‡K weRvj e‡j|
17
 Zvwjet whwb nvw`m kv¯¿ wk¶vq wb‡qvwRZ Zv‡K Zvwje e‡j|
 nvw`‡m Kz`mxt †h nvw`‡mi g~jfve gnvb Avjvni Ges fvlv gnvbex nhiZ gynv¤§` (mt) Gi wbR¯^ Zv‡K nvw`‡m Kz`mx e‡j|
 †ìvqvZt nv`x‡mi g~j wel‡q Af¨š—ixb mv¶¨ cÖgv‡bi wfwË‡Z †h mgv‡jvPbv Kiv nq Zv‡K †ìvqvZ e‡j |
 †iRvj t nv`x‡mi ivex mgwó‡K †iRvj e‡j |
 AvÔ‡`j t †h e¨w³ ÔZvKIqv I gi“IZÕ AR©b Ki‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb Zv‡K AvÔ‡`j e‡j|
 †QKvn& t †h e¨w³i g‡a¨ Av`j ¸b cwic~Y©fv‡e cvIqv hv‡e Zv‡K †QKvn& e‡j |
 Avmnv‡e myd&dv& t †h mKj mvnvex me mgq ivm~j (m:) mvnP‡h© _vK‡Zb Zuvi Av‡`k wb‡la ïb‡Zb I KÚ¯’ Ki‡Zb GB
wbw`©ó msL¨K mvnvex‡ì‡K ÔAvmnv‡e myd&dvÕ e‡j |
gynvwÏm t whwb nv`xm kv‡¯¿i cwÛZ, nv`xm PP©v K‡ib Ges eû nv`x‡mi mb`,gZb m¤ú‡K© we‡kl ÁvY iv‡Lb Zv‡KB gynvwÏm e‡j |
 dKxn& t hviv nv`x‡mi AvBbMZ w`K chv©‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡ì‡K dKxn& e‡j |
 wmnvn& wmËv t †h QqLvbv nv`xm MÖš’ Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m AwaKZi weï× e‡j cÖgvwbZ n‡q‡Q Zv‡KÔ wmnvn& wmËvÕ e‡j |
 QqLvbv nv`xm MÖš’ n‡jv:
1. †evLvix kixd 4. wZiwgRx kixd
2. gymwjg kixd 5. bvmvqx kixd
3. Avey `vD` kixd 6. Be‡b gvRvn kixd |
 mnxnvBb t nv`xm kv‡¯¿ †evLvix kixd I gymwjg kixd‡K GK‡Î mnxnvBb e‡j |
 mybv‡b AvievÕAv t nv`xm kv‡¯¿ Avey `vD` kixd, wZiwgRx kixd, bvmvqx kixd I Be‡b gvRvn kixd‡K GKm‡½
Ômybv‡b AvievÕ e‡j |
 ÔgyËvdvKzb AvjvB‡nÕ t †h nv`xm GKB mvnvexi wbKU n‡Z Bgvg †evLvix I gymwjg GKB m~‡Î eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K
ÔgyËvdvKzb AvjvB‡nÕ e‡j |
 Inx t Inx k‡ãi kvwãK A_©: Bkviv Kiv, Bw½Z Kiv | cwifvlvq: wKQy wj‡L cvVv‡bv, †Kvb K_vmn †jvK cvVv‡bv,
Ac‡ii AÁvZmv‡i †Kvb †jvK‡K wKQy Rvwb‡q †`qv‡K Inx e‡j|
 me©vwaK nv`xm eY©bvKvix mvnvex †K Ges Zuvi ewY©Z nv`xm msL¨v t nhiZ Avey ûivqiv (iv:) Ges ewY©Z nv`xm msL¨v 5374
 nv`x‡m Kz`mx t †h nv`x‡mi g~j K_v mivmwi Avjvni c¶ †_‡K Gm‡Q †mB nv`xm‡KB nv`x‡m Kz`mx e‡j |
†KviAvb I nv`x‡m Kz`mxi cv_©K¨
†KviAvb nv`x‡m Kz`mx
†KviAvb RxeªvCj (Avt) Qvov bvwhj nqwb nv`x‡m Kz`mx Bjnvg ev ¯^cœ‡hv‡M cªvß Gi fvlv
ÔjvI‡n gvndzRÕ †_‡K AeZxY© ivm~j (m:)Gi
†KviAvb Qvov bvgvR mnxn nqbv nv`x‡m Kz`mx cv‡V bvgvR nq bv
AcweÎ Ae¯’vq †Kvivb ¯úk© Kiv nvivg AcweÎ e¨w³ GgbwK nv‡qh †bdvm m¤úbœv bvixI ¯úk©
Ki‡Z cv‡i
†KviAvb gRx` †kªô gyÕwRRv wKš‘ nv`x‡m Kz`mx gyÕwRRv bq
†KviAvb Agvb¨ Ki‡j Kv‡di n‡Z nq nv`x‡m Kz`mx Agvb¨ Ki‡j Kv‡di n‡Z nq bv
 nv`xm msKj‡bi msw¶ß BwZnvmt
 ivmyjyj-vn (m.)-Gi RxeÏkvq nv`xm msKwjZ nq wb| mvnvexMY nv`xm wjL‡Z ïi“ Ki‡j gnvbex (m.) KziAv‡bi
mv‡_ nv`x‡mi mswgkªY Gi AvksKvq nv`xm wjL‡Z wb‡la K‡ib| AZGe Gici wZwb we‡kl K‡qKRb mvnvex‡K nvw`m
wjL‡Z AbygwZ w`‡qwQ‡jb| cieZ©xKv‡j Ljxdv Dgi Be&b Ave`yj Avhxh KziAv‡bi mwVK gg© Dcjwä Kivi Rb¨ nvw`m
msMªn I msKjb Kivi Avnevb Rvbvb| Zuvi Avnev‡b me©cÖ_g Be&b wknve hynix, Avey eKi Be&b nvd&m cªgyL nvw`m msMªn I
msKj‡b GwM‡q Av‡mb| AZtci Bgvg gvwjK gyAvjøvdv, Bgvg kvwdC gymbv` Ges Bgvg Avng` gymbv` bv‡g nv`xm msKjb
K‡ib| cieZ©xKv‡j QqwU wewkó nvw`m Mªš’ msKwjZ nq, hv wmnvn wmËvn bv‡g L¨vZ|
wmnvn wmËvi cwimsL¨vb
µg MÖš’ msKjK nv`xm msL¨v
1 Avey Avãyjvn gynv¤§` Be‡b BmgvBj
†evLvix kixd 7397
Avj eyLvix
2 Aveyj †nvmvBb gymwjg Be‡b nv¾vR
gymwjg kixd 4000
Avj KzkvBix
3 Bgvg Avey `vD` myjvBgvb Avj Avmv`
Avey `vD` kixd 4800
mvwR¯—vbx
4 wZiwgRx kixd Bgvg Avey Cmv gynv¤§` Be‡b Cmv AvZ& 3812
18
wZiwghx
5 bvmvqx kixd Avng` Be‡b ïqvBe Avb bvmvqx 4482
6 Avey Avãyjvn gy: Be‡b gvRvn Avj
Be‡b gvRvn kixd 4338
KvRfxwb
 cuvP Rb weL¨vZ gyRvwÏ` :

1. nhiZ kvn Iqvwj Djvn †`njfx (in.)| 4. kvn BmgvBj knx` †`njfx (in.)|
2. nhiZ Avãyj AvwRR †`njfx (in.)| 5. kvqL Avngv` †kiwn›` gyRvwÏ` Avj‡dmvbx
3. mvC‡q` Avngv` †`njfx (in.)| (in.)|
 wZbRb weL¨vZ gynvwÏm
1. kvqL gynv¤§v` BmnvK †`njfx (in.)|
2. kvqLyj wn›` gvngy`yj nvmvb †`njfx (in.)|
kvqL Avãyj nK gynv‡Ïm †`njfx (in.)|
3. K¨wiqvi -weKwkZ Rxe‡bi Øvi

K¨wiqvi m¤úwK©Z wKQz K_vt
- Avgv‡ì gv‡S myß cÖwZfv Av‡Q wKš‘ †m e¨vcv‡i Avgv‡ì avibv Kg|
- Avgv‡ì A‡bK †hvM¨Zv Av‡Q, wKš‘ Zv Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi Afve i‡q‡Q|
- ‡QvU †ejv †_‡KB Avgiv †h K¨wiqvi (Wv³vi,BwÄwbqvi,cvBjU) †`‡LwQ ZvB nIqvi †Póv KiwQ|
- K¨vwiqvi †Kvb wbw`©ó welq bq, K¨wiqvi aviY Ki‡Z nq/a‡i ivL‡Z nq|
- wZ‡j wZ‡j wbR‡K m¤§y‡L GwM‡q †bqv K¨wiqvi MV‡bi Ab¨Zg mnvqK welq|
- `vwqZ¡kxj fvB‡ì K¨wiqvi MV‡bi my‡hvM me‡P‡q †ekx|
wfkb I wgkb wK?
wfkbt Long turm plan ev `xN© †gqv`x plan †K wfkb e‡j|
1. †hgb- fwel¨‡Z †K wK n‡e, †Kvb ch©v‡q hv‡e| 4. wfkb Change n‡Z cv‡i|
2. wb‡Ri wfkb wb‡R wVK Ki‡Z n‡e| 5. Avgv‡ì Kgb ev Total wfkb Bmjvgx mgvR Mov|
3. Rxe‡b A‡bK eo nevi wfkb _vK‡Z n‡e|
wgkbt Short turm plan ev ¯^í †gqv`x plan †K wgkb e‡j|
‡hgb- Rxe‡b mdjZvi j‡¶¨ GLbB KvR ïi“ Kiv|
mdj e¨w³Mb wKfv‡e mdj n‡q‡Qb?
1. wbR †hvM¨Zvi gva¨‡g 2. wbR †hvM¨Zv‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q cÖ‡Póvi gva¨‡g|
`vwqZ¡kxj fvB‡ì K¨vwiqvi MV‡bi my‡hvM me‡P‡q †ekx nIqvi Kvib wK?
- BCS Gi AwaKvsk cÖkœ Av‡k High School †j‡fj †_‡K
- Avi `vwqZ¡kxjiv High School †j‡fj Gi Kgx©‡ì †ekx bvwm©s K‡i _v‡K|
- Kgx©‡ì †LvR wb‡Z wM‡q Zvi covi †LvR †bqvi my‡hvM nq|
- †mB cov Ab¨ Kgx©i mv‡_ Discuss Ki‡j Kgx©i bvwm©s nq wb‡RiI cÖ¯‘wZ nq|
- cov‡kvbv+mvsMVwbK KvR+ZË¡veavb GB wZb KvR `vwqZ¡kxj GKmv‡_ Ki‡Z cv‡i|
- mvsMVwbK KvR Ki‡Z wM‡q wek¦‡K Rvbvi my‡hvM nq|
- mvsMVwbK `vwqZ¡ eo n‡j covi my‡hvM I †ekx _v‡K|
- Dc‡iv³ my‡hvM¸‡jv GKRb mvavib Qv‡Îi †P‡q `vwqZ¡kx‡ji †ekx|
wfk‡b †cŠQ‡Z Kibxq wK?
 Awfó wfk‡b gbms‡hvM Ki‡Z n‡e|  msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ _vKv ‡h †bqvgZ Zv wb‡R eyS‡Z
 ‡hLv‡b hv cvIqv hv‡e Zv †_‡K Ávb AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| n‡e Kgx©‡ì eySv‡Z n‡e|
 mevB wg‡j Ávb PP©vi cwi‡ek ‰Zix Ki‡Z n‡e|  wfk‡b c‡_ c‡_ evav Avm‡e, Z‡e †_‡g _vKv hv‡ebv|
 Av‡jvPbv ev e³e¨ hv †`qv nq Zv wb‡R Avgj Ki‡Z  hZ my‡hvM Av‡Q me my‡hvM‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q m¤§y‡L
n‡e| GwM‡q †h‡Z n‡e|
 e³‡eï D`vni‡bi †¶‡Î ¸i“Z¡cyY© wk¶bxq wel‡qi  wb‡R‡ì wfkb ev¯—evq‡b wb‡R‡ì‡K wb‡Riv ci¯úi
AeZvibv Ki‡Z n‡e| mn‡hvMx evbv‡Z n‡e|
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 m‡e©vcwi gnvb Avjvni mvnvh¨ Kvgbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
wfkb MÖnb bv Ki‡j wK ¶wZ?
 fwel¨Z Rxeb AÜKvi  mdjZvnxb K¨wiqvi
 wPš—vi iv‡R¨ wech©q  Av‡jvi c_ †_‡K nZvkvMÖ¯’ Rxe‡bi Øvi D‡b¥vPb|
4. Movement expanding & techniques of Dawah : Present cituation
# ‡Kb GB Av‡jvPbv bZzb K‡i Ki‡Z n‡”Qt
* `vIqvZx KvR GKwU wPiš—b e¨vcvi|
* msMVb _vK‡j `vIqvZx KvR _vK‡e|
* cwiewZ©Z cwiw¯’wZ weivR Kivq| * wb‡R‡ì gv‡S AvZsK _vKvq Zv `yi Kivi Rb¨|
* GB mgq `vIqvZx KvR Z_v mg_©K e„w× AvksKvRbK nv‡i Kg nIqvq|
# mg_©K e„w× Kg nIqvi Kvibt
* mKj ch©v‡qi Rbkw³i gv‡S P¨v‡jÄ MÖn‡bi gvbwmKZv bv _vKv|
* P¨v‡jÄ wZb ai‡bit
1. Fighting challenge
2. Technical challenge
3. Intellectual challenge
* Rbkw³ I `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì D™¢vebx I we‡klbx kw³i Proper use bv nIqv|
* wPš—vkw³‡K wbR¯^ MÛxi evB‡i †ei n‡Z bv †`qv|
* cwiewZ©Z cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `vwqZ¡kxjiv wb‡R‡ì Save Kivi cÖ‡Póv Kiv|
* Uv‡M©U G †cŠQvi Rb¨ †h A`g¨ ¯ú„nv _vKv ìKvi Zvi NvUwZ nIqv|
* Kvj/AvMvgx gv‡m ïi“ Ki‡ev G ai‡bi gvbwmKZv KvR Kiv|
# wb‡R‡ì ¸wU‡q ivLjvg †Kb?
* `vwqZ¡kxj wb‡R †ekx cwiwPZ nIqv|
* `vwqZ¡kx‡ji gv‡S GB wPš—v KvR Kiv †h Avgvi Øviv msMVb †hb eo ai‡bi †Kvb ¶wZi g‡a¨ bv c‡o|
# Avgiv hv Ki‡Z cviZvg wKš‘ Kwiwbt
* cÖ‡Z¨K Rbkw³‡K `vIqvZx Kv‡R cvMj cviv K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Z cvwiwb|
* `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri bZzb bZzb c×wZ Avwe¯‹vi Ki‡Z cvwiwb |
* Rbkw³i Skill Development Gi KvR Ki‡Z cvwiwb|
‰bwZKZv AR©‡bi Rb¨ `¶Zv Avek¨K G j‡¶¨ Rbkw³‡K `¶ K‡i M‡o Zzj‡Z cvwiwb|
* Pattern change K‡i District proper Gi evB‡i wM‡q Ae¯’vb K‡i msMV‡bi Kv‡R Ask wb‡Z cvwiwb|
# Avgiv GL‡bv hv Ki‡Z cvwit
evKx wZb gv‡m mg_©K e„w×i †iwkI (12-10-5) ev¯—evqb Ki‡Z cvwi|
* igRvb gvm‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cvwi| * cÖPzi C`KvW© weZiY Ki‡Z cvwi|
* Kg© c×wZi c~Y© Abymi‡Yi my‡hvM Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cvwi|
# `vIqvZ m¤cÖmvi‡bi †¶‡Î Avgv‡ì KiYxqt
* wb‡R‡ì cÖPvi Kivi †¶‡Î ÒcÖvwš—K Ó kã cwinvi Kiv|
* `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri †¶‡Î Extreme word eënvi bv Kiv|
* ‡Kvb gvbyl‡KB ¯’vqx kÎ“ g‡b bv Kiv| * ‡Kvb gvbyl‡K †nq cÖwZcbœ bv Kiv|
* `vIqvZx Kv‡R K…wÎgZv cwinvi Kiv| * gvby‡li BwZevPK w`‡Ki cÖmskv Kiv|
* Kv‡Ri GLbB mgq, GB‡Zv KiwQ/Ki‡ev Gai‡bi gvbwmKZv cwinvi Kiv|
# QvÎ ivRbxwZi e¨cv‡i `„wófs½xt
* QvÎ-wk¶K ivRbxwZ eÜ n‡Z cv‡i|
* eÜ nIqvi c~‡e©B wb‡R‡ì cÖ¯‘wZ _vKv DwPZ|
(We will never break the low and will never stop own works)
# msMVb we¯—…wZi †¶‡Î Kibxqt
* Humanistic value Gi cÖwZ j¶ ivLv|
* Awa¯—b‡ì cÖwZ Av¯’v ivLv|
* msMV‡bi Strategy †K AbymiY Kiv|
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* ‡gav I †hvM¨Zvi mgš^q Kiv|
5. Øxwb cwi‡ek msi¶‡b `vwqZ¡kxj fvB‡ì fywgKv

 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi `vwqZ¡kxj †K?
* gnvgvbe Rbv‡e gynv¤§v`yi ivmyjyj-vn(mv:)
* myZivs ivmyj (mv:) Gi †h gnvb f~wgKv wQj ZvB n‡”Q GKRb `vwqZ¡kx‡ji f~wgKv|
* KziAv‡b G‡m‡Q-Ò‡Zvgiv Avjvni AvbyMZ¨ Ki ivmyj (mv:) Gi AvbyMZ¨ Ki, Ges †Zvgv‡ì `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì AvbyMZ¨
KiÓ(myiv wbmv-59)
 `vwqZ¡kxj wnmv‡e ivmyj (mv:)Gi cwiPqt
1. ivmyj (mv:) GKRb gvbyl †KviAv‡b G‡m‡Q ÒAvwg †Zvgv‡ì gZB GKRb gvbylÓ
* ivmyj (m:) GKRb gvbyl, †Zgwb `vwqZ¡kxj I GKRb gvbylÓ
* ivmyj (m:) mvnvev‡ì gv‡S wePiY K‡ib, Zvi G wePiY mvnvev‡ì wbKU Zv‡K nvév K‡ibv eis Zv‡K gh©v`vevb K‡i
†Zv‡j|
* ØvwqZ¡kxj Kgx©‡ì gv‡S wePiY K‡ib, Zvi G wePiY Kgx©‡ì wbKU Zv‡K nvév K‡ibv eis Zv‡K Av‡iv gh©v`vevb K‡i
†Zv‡j|
* ivmyj (m:) Gi wbKU Inx Av‡m, Avi ØvwqZ¡kx‡ji Rxeb n‡e Inxi Áv‡bi Av‡jv‡K myweb¨¯—|
2. ivmyj (mv:) GKRb m‡Zï mv¶¨`vZv, m~‡h©i Av‡jvi b¨vq D™¢vwmZ Zvi PwiÎ|
* ØvwqZ¡kxjI n‡eb GKRb m‡Zï mv¶¨`vZv, Zvi PwiÎI n‡e m~‡h©i Av‡jvi b¨q D™¢vwmZ hv‡Z Kgx©iv Zvi PwiÎ †_‡K
wk¶v wb‡Z cv‡i|
3. ivmyj (m:) Kv‡di‡ì cÖwZ eRª K‡Vvi Ges Zvi mn‡hvMx‡ì cÖwZ ing w`j|-(myiv ûRivZ) ‡Zgwb ØvwqZ¡kxj Kzdi I
wb‡Ri e¨vcv‡i n‡eb K‡Vvi Ges Aci Z_v Rbkw³i cÖwZ n‡eb ing w`j|
 Øxwb cwi‡ek msi¶bt Øxwb cwi‡e†ki êwkó¨ t
1. mxmv Xvjv cÖvPx‡ii b¨vq msNe×t (myiv Avm-mvd, AvqvZ-4)
- msNe×Zvi †¶‡Î ivmyj (m:) Gi ‡KŠkjt
* e¨w³MZ m¤úK© ¯’vcb| * m¤cÖxwZ ¯’vcb| * Ac‡ii my‡L `y:†L AskMÖnb| * cwievi cwiR‡bi e¨vcv‡i †LvR ivLv|
2. mvwe©K fv‡e ¯^”Q Rxebt
-A¯^”QZvi cÖkœ wb‡b¥v³ wel‡qt
* e¨w³MZ I mvsMVwbK welq * evqZzjgv‡ji myô eënvi * m¤ú‡ì myô eënvi I i¶Yv‡e¶b * wn‡me wbKvk
* msMV‡bi evB‡ii mv‡K©j maintain welq
3. AvbyMZ¨c~b© cwi‡ekt
-Rbkw³‡K †kLv‡Z n‡et
* †Kvb wel‡q QzwU †bqv hvq|
* ‡Kvb †Kvb Ih‡ii Kvi‡b †cÖvMÖv‡g wej‡¤^ Avm‡j ¸bvn n‡ebv|
4.ZvKIqvi cwi‡ek cÖwZôvt
* ‰`bw›`b Rxe‡b ZvKIqvi cÖwZ‡hvMxZv m„wó| * myô I my›ì †gvqv‡gjvZ| * mZëv`x nIqv|
* i“g I †g‡mi my›ì cwi‡ek cÖwZôv Ges msi¶b|
5.D`viZv cÖ`k©Yt
* ¯^”Q, my›ì cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ D`viZv| * e¨w³MZ m¤úK© my`„p Ki‡b D`viZv|
*D`viZv cÖ`k©‡bi †¶‡Î Aš—ivqt
* mgv‡jvPbv mn¨ Ki‡Z bv cviv| * wb‡Ri cÖmskv ïb‡Z fvj jvMv| * wb‡Ri mgv‡jvPbv wb‡R Kivi Af¨vm bv _vKv|
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6. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kgx©‡ì Kvw•LZ gvb
gnvb Avjvn Zvqvjv gnvwe‡k¦i mKj m„wói mªóv Ges cÖwZcvjK| cÖ‡Z¨K m„wóB Zvi ûKzg AbeiZ cvjb Ki‡Q Ges wRwKi
Ki‡Q| mKj m„wóB wbw`©ó GKwU wbq‡g Pj‡Q| ïaygvÎ gvbylB e¨wZµg m„wó| hv‡K m„wó Kivi †cQ‡b mywbw`©ó KviY i‡q‡Q|
GB gvbylB GKgvÎ m„wó hvi wKbv mªóvi ûKzg Agvb¨ Kivi mvg_© i‡q‡Q| Avi Avjvn Zvqvjv †mUvB †`L‡eb †h, mvg_©
_vKv m‡Ë¡I Zv‡K †h fq K‡i Ges †h K‡ibv| †mUv wePvi Kivi Rb¨B `ywbqvi m„wó|
hv‡nvK, Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU †¶‡ÎB gvbyl Avjvni ûKzg Ges ivm~j (mvt) Gi Av`k© AbymiY Ki‡e GUvB ¯^vfvweK| wKš‘
A‡bK †¶‡Î gvbyl gnvb cÖf~i ûKzg Agvb¨ Ki‡Q Ges gnvb Av`k© wcÖq ivm~j (mvt) Gi Av`k© Gwo‡q Pj‡Q| wb‡Ri
Rwe‡bi cÖwZwU †¶‡Î Bmjvgx wewa weavb AbymiY Ges Ab¨‡ì wbKU Zv †cŠ‡Q †`qvi Rb¨ cÖvbcY †Póv Kiv Ges mgv‡R I
iv‡óª Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi †Póv Kivi bvg Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb|
GB Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb hviv Ki‡eb Z_v GB Av‡›`vj‡bi hviv Kgx© n‡eb Zv‡ì Acwinvh© wKQz ¸Yvejx AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e
Ges e¨w³ Rxeb I mvgvwRK Rxe‡b Avgj Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡eB wb‡R fvj gymjgvb n‡Z cvi‡e Ges PvwiwÎK gvayh© w`‡q
mgv‡Ri Acivci gvbyl‡ì‡K Avjvni Øx‡bi w`‡K WvK‡Z cvi‡e|
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kgx©‡ì Kvw•LZ gvb:
1. e¨w³MZ ¸Yv¸Y AR©b Ges cvjb: 5. ClYx©q PwiÎ
2. mnxn Cgvb 6. gvwR©Z eënvi
3. Bmjv‡gi h_v_© Ávb AR©b 7. ‰ah©¨
4. mgmvgwqK Ávb AR©b 8. me©‡¶‡Î Z¨v‡Mi `„óvš— ¯’vcb
mvsMVwbK ¸Yvejx AR©b I cvjb
1. mwVK †bZ…Z¡ 5. cvi¯úwiK mym¤úK© eRvq ivLv (åvZ…Z‡¡ eva)
2. h_vh_ AvbyMZ¨ 6. civgk© wfËK KvR Kiv
3. mvwe©K k„sLjv msi¶Y 7. A‡bï gZvgZ‡K ¸i“Z¡ †`qv
4. Af¨š—ixY cwi‡ek msi¶Y (m¤úK© I AvPiY)
mvgvwRK ¸Yv¸Y AR©b I cvjb:
1. mgv‡Ri Av¯’vfvRb wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K ˆZix Kiv 5. e¨w³i eqm, †ckv, ghv©`v wn‡m‡e eënvi
2. mgv‡Ri †h †Kvb NUbvq gZvgZ cÖKvk 6. fv‡jvKv‡R Drmvn `vb, g›` KvR †_‡K weiZ ivLvi
3. mvgvwRK mgm¨vi mgvav‡b AskMÖnY †Póv
4. gvby‡li `ytL I `~`©kvq cv‡k `vov‡bv I gvby‡li 7. wbR D‡`¨v‡M MVbg~jK Kv‡Ri D‡`¨vM MÖnY
Avb‡›` mvayev` Rvbv‡bv
cvwievwiK ¸Yv¸Y AR©b I cvjb:
1. wcZvgvZvi eva¨ _vKv
2. eo †QvU fvB †evb‡ì‡K nK Abyhvqx eënvi
3. cwiev‡i Bmjvgx bxwZ AbymiY Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ †Póv Kiv
4. cwiKwíZfv‡e mevi Kv‡Q Øx‡bi `vIqvZ †cŠQv‡bv
5. AvZ¥xq ¯^R‡bi mv‡_ c`v© msi¶‡Y hZœevb nIqv
6. cwiev‡ii A_©‰bwZK †jb‡`‡b b¨v‡qi e¨vcv‡i Av‡cvlnxb _vKv
7. AvZ¥xq ¯^R‡bi nK Av`v‡q m‡Pó _vKv
Dc‡iv‡jwLZ ¸Yv¸Y mg~‡ni g‡a¨ A‡bK Kvhv©ejx I D‡jL Kiv n‡q‡Q| Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi †Kvb Kgx© Gme ¸Yv¸Y
AR©b Ki‡j Zvi Ae¯’vb †hLv‡b †nvK †mLv‡bB †h wb‡R‡K cÖùzwUZ dz‡ji b¨vq †mŠif Qov‡Z m¶g n‡e| Avi hLb Ggb
Kgx© ˆZix †ewk n‡e ZLbB Avgiv mgvR cwieZ©‡bi Avkv Ki‡Z cvwi|
Dc‡iv‡jwLZ ¸‡Yi mgv‡ek NUv‡bv Lye KwVb KvR bq| wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jv Avi¤¢ Ki‡j GB me ¸Yv¸Y e¨w³i g‡a¨ ˆZix n‡e|
†m¸‡jv nj-
1. KziAvb nv`xm mivmwi Aa¨qb 5. mvsMVwbK gvb Dbœqb I msi¶Y Kiv
2. ‡ewk †ewk Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ Aa¨qb 6. ¶gv Kivi cÖeYZv
3. bex Rx‡›`Mx I mvnvev Rx‡›`Mx, Bmjvgx gwblx‡ì 7. Avjvni c‡_ A_© e¨q
Rxebx, we‡k¦i L¨vwZgvb e¨w³e‡M©i Rxebx Aa¨qb 8. ‡ewk †ewk bdj Bev`Z (bvgvR, †ivRv, wRwKi)
4. mZ¨ I b¨v‡qi e¨vcv‡i Av‡cvlnxb _vKv
22
Dc‡iv³ welq¸‡jvi cÖwZ Avgj Ki‡Z cvi‡j e¨w³ GKRb LvuwU gymwjg Ges Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Av`k© Kgx© n‡Z cvi‡eb|
Avi GB Kgx©‡ì mgš^‡qB MwVZ n‡e Bmjvgx mgvR I ivóª|
gnvb Avjvn Zvqvjv Avgv‡ì mevB‡K †kªô gv‡bi Kgx© wn‡m‡e Keyj Ki“b| Avgxb\
7. Avjvni c‡_ Avnevb
‡kvMvb- Avjvni c‡_ wPiw`b †gviv me gvby‡l‡i WvK‡ev
Avjvni c‡_ Avnevb:Ñ

1. Avj-vni c_|
2. kqZv‡bi c_|
3. Avjvni c‡_ gvbyl‡K Avnevb|
Avj-vni c_:Ñ
1. Cgvb (ZvInx`, wimvjvZ I Av‡LivZ)| 2. Cgv‡bi `vwe |
 Cgvb:-
(K) Avjvn‡K wb‡Ri Bjvn, ie wn‡m‡e wek¦vm Kiv ev †g‡b †bqv |
(L) Zvi ivm~j (m:) Gi cÖwZ c~Y© AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk K‡i Rxe‡bi mKj ‡¶‡Î Zvi Av`k© AbymiY Kivi wm×vš— MÖnb Kiv|
(M) cvw_©e Rxe‡bi mKj Kv‡Ri Rb¨ ciKvjxb Rxe‡b Revew`nx Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Cgv‡bi `vwe:Ñ
(K) ‡h wRwb‡mi cÖwZ Cgvb Avbv nj Zv fvj fv‡e Rvb‡Z I gvb‡Z n‡e|
(L) Avjvni †cÖwiZ wKZve mivmwi ev h_vh_ fv‡e Aa¨qb Kiv|
(M) ivm~j (m:) Gi evYx nv`xm MÖš’ Aa¨qb Kiv|
(N) AwR©Z Ávb Abyhvqx wb‡Ri mva¨gZ m‡ev©”P Avgj Kivi †Póv Kiv|
(O) GB Ávb A‡bï wbKU †cŠ‡Q †`qv|
kqZv‡bi c_:Ñ
1. Kzdi| 2. wkiK | 3. wbdvK|
 Kzdi:Ñ
(K) ZvInx` I wimvjvZ‡K A¯^xKvi Kiv| (L) Cgvb Avbvi ci ¯’vqx bv Kiv|
 wkiK:Ñ
(K) Avjvn‡K Avjvni g‡Zv K‡i bv gvbv|
(L) wb‡Ri cÖf~ wn‡m‡e A‡bK ¯^Ëv I cÖvK…wZK kw³‡K MÖnb Kiv|
(M) KZ©„‡Z¡i e¨vcv‡i Avjvni ¶gZv‡K h‡_ó g‡b bv Kiv (Av¯’vi msKU)|
(N) wb‡Ri †Póv I A‡bï mn‡hvwMZv‡K Kv‡Ri djvd‡ji Rb¨ KviY ev DcKiY g‡b Kiv|
wbdvK:Ñ
(K) fÛvgx I cÖZviYvi Avkªq †bqv| (M) gy‡Li K_v Abyhvqx Aš—‡ii B”Qv bv nIqv|
(L) wKQy ûKzg †g‡b †bqv wKQ~ ûKzg Agvb¨ Kiv| (N) ejv Abyhvqx wb‡R bv Kiv|
Avjvni c‡_ gvbyl‡K Avnevb:-
1. Cgv‡bi `vIqvZ †cŠQv‡bv| 3. kqZvb I `vIqvZ (cÖeYZv ‰Zix) †`q|
2. G Kv‡R evav Avm‡e| 4. G Kv‡R evav Avm‡e|
 Cgv‡bi `vIqvZ ‡cŠQv‡bv:Ñ
(K) G KvR bex ivm~j‡ì wKš‘ bex ivm~j (m:) Avi Avm‡eb bv weavq G KvR D¤§‡Z gynv¤§`xi|
(L) GB Avnevb me‡P‡q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Avnevb, GB Avnevb KL‡bv ev` †`qv hv‡ebv|
(M) mvnvexMY (iv:), Zv‡eCb, Zv‡e Zv‡eCb (i:) I hy‡M hy‡M Awj AvDwjqv Ges cxi gvkv‡qLMY GB `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri
gva¨‡g Zv‡ì wR‡›`Mx AwZevwnZ K‡i‡Qb|
 GB Kv‡R evav Avm‡e:Ñ
(K) ivóª, mgvR, cwievi Ges wb‡Ri bdm Gi c¶ †_‡K evav Avm‡e|
(L) Rxeb, ¯^v¯’¨ I m¤ú` BZ¨vw` ¶wZMÖ¯’ n‡e|
(M) KL‡bv KL‡bv AcÖvwß KvswLZ djvdj bv cvIqv A‰a‡h©i KviY n‡Z cv‡i|
 kqZv‡bi `vIqvZ:Ñ
23
1. cÖZ¨¶ fv‡e 2. c‡iv¶ fv‡e
o cÖZ¨¶ fv‡e :
(K) gvby‡li gva¨‡g mivmwi Avnevb| (L) bdm‡K mwµq K‡i|
o c‡iv¶ fv‡e :
(K) Amr Kv‡Ri cwi‡ek ˆZix K‡i Zv Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i ( ms¯‹…wZ)|
(L) mr Rxeb hvc‡bi cÖwZ Awbnv I wbægvb †eva m„wói †Póv K‡i|
G Kv‡R evav Avm‡e:Ñ
(K) wb‡Ri Ávb, Avgj Ges Avnevb cwiï× n‡Z n‡e|
(L) wb‡Ri PwiÎ‡K `vIqvZx PwiÎ wn‡m‡e M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e|
(M) cÖkvœ wZZ PvwiwÎK gva~h© ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e|
(N) Rxe‡bi wgkb wn‡m‡e MÖnb Ki‡Z n‡e|
8. Kg©x MV‡b `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì KiYxq

Kgx© t
whwb wbw`©ó j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L wbw`©ó Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZi Av‡jv‡K KvR K‡ib wZwbB Kgx©|
* `vwqZ¡kxj t
# whwb wbw`©ó j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L, wbw`©ó Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZi Av‡jv‡K gq`v‡bi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx Awc©Z `vwqZ¡
h_vh_fv‡e cvjb K‡ib Ges mywbw`©ófv‡e Kgx© cwiPvjbv K‡ib Zv‡K `vwqZ¡kxj e‡j|
1. Awc©Z `vwqZ¡| 3. Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZ|
2. Definite Target. 4. gq`v‡bi Pvwn`v|
Kgx©i êwkó¨ t
1. gReyZ Cgvb 5. wbôv
2. †Lv`vfxwZ 6. Kg©¯ú„nv
3. Av`‡k©i my¯úóZv Ávb 7. PvwiwÎK gvayh©
4. AvšÍwiKZv 8. Kg©m~wP I Kg©c×wZ h_v_© Abyaveb
GKRb Kgx©i wbqwgZ KvR t
1. wbqwgZ KziAvb nv`xm ey‡S cov| 6. Kgx© mfv, mvavib mfv cÖf„wZ Abyôv‡b
2. wbqwgZ Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ cov †Póv Pvjv‡bv| †hvM`vb|
3. Bmjv‡gi cÖv_wgK `vexmg~n †g‡b Pjvi †Póv 7. msMVb KZ…©K Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ h_vh_fv‡e cvjb
Kiv| Kiv|
4. evqZzj gv‡j wbqwgZ GqvbZ `vb| 8. Ac‡ii Kv‡Q msMV‡bi `vIqvZ †cuŠ‡Q †`qvi
5. wbqwgZ wi‡cvU© ivLv I †`Lv‡bv| †Póv Kiv|
# `vwqZ¡kx‡ji êwkó¨ t
1. Áv‡bi †¶‡Î †kªôZ¡ AR©b| 8. gyL Ab¨ w`‡K †i‡L K_v bv ejv|
2. Av`‡k©i g~Z© cÖZxK| 9. †MuvRvwg‡ji Avkªq bv †bqv|
3. m‡e©vËg Pwi‡Îi AwaKvix nIqv| 10. mK‡ji Rb¨ AvšÍwiKfv‡e Avjvni ìev‡i
4. ‰ah©¨kxj nIqv| †`vqv Kiv|
5. my›ì I ¯úó D”Pvi‡Y K_v ejv| 11. me©ve¯’vq Avjvni Dci c~Y© Av¯’v ivLv|
6. me mgq DËg K_v ejv| 12. cwi‡ek-cwiw¯’wZ ey‡S K_v ejv|
7. me mgq nvwmLywk _vKv|
iwdKzb-webqx eÜz
mvw`Kzb-mZëv`x eÜz|
# Kgx© MV‡b `vwqZ¡kx‡ji KvR t
cÖv_wgK KvR Ggb Avgj Kiv hv‡Z wmwbqi I Avcwb ej‡Z eva¨ nq|
avivevwnK KvR
1. Target wba©viY (Select Kiv) 3. µgaviv Aej¤^b
2. m¤cÖxwZ ¯’vcb 4. Kgx© nIqvi ¸i“Z¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Zz‡j aiv|
24
5. †gŠwjK Bev`‡Zi cÖwZ AvMÖn evov‡bv| 8. mvwnZ¨ Aa¨q‡bi gvbwmKZv ˆZwi|
6. e¨w³MZ Report msi¶‡Yi ¸i“Z¡ eySv‡bv| 9. Z¨vM Kzievbxi gvbwmKZv ˆZwi|
7. †cÖvMÖvg mg~‡n AskMÖnY Kiv‡bv| 10. bex-ivm~j‡ì Rxebx †ck Kiv|
# Kgx© nIqvi ¸i“Z¡ t
1. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb Kiv diR| †hgb-bvgvh, †ivRv diR
2. GKZve×fv‡e emevm diR|
3. KziAvb‡K cwic~Y© Avgj Kiv diR|
4. gvbyl c„w_ex‡Z Avjvni Lwjdv|
5. c„w_ex‡Z Bmjv‡gi cÖPvi, cÖmvi Ges Bmjvg Kv‡qg bex-ivm~j‡ì c‡i gyÕwgb‡ì `vwqZ¡|
6. Av‡Liv‡Zi RxebB ¯’vqx Rxeb Zv eyS‡Z n‡e| Av‡LivZgyLx Rxeb MVb Ki‡Z n‡e|
# Avgiv †Kvb ai‡bi Kgx© PvB t
1. †gavex QvÎ 4. †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸Yvejx m¤úbœ
2. PwiÎevb 5. mgv‡R ev wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b cÖfvekvjx|
3. eyw×gvb I Kg©V
# GKRb mg_©K †Kb Kgx© n‡Z Pvqbv/Kgx© bv nIqvi KviY|
 msMVb m¤ú‡K© ¯úó aviYv bv _vKv|  eÜz evÜe‡ì mvnPh©|
 Kgx© n‡j A‡bK KvR Ki‡Z n‡e Ggb aviYv|  KziAvb co‡Z bv Rvbv?
 †jLvcovq ¶wZi AvksKv|  Av‡Liv‡Zi Zzjbvq `ywbqv‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qv
 wbqwgZ †hvMv‡hvM bv ivLv|  Av‡›`vjb‡K ivRbxwZ g‡b Kiv|
 †Lqvj-LykxgZ Rxeb-hvc‡b Af¨¯’Zv  Kgx© nIqvi ¸i“Z¡ bv eySv|
 mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv‡K KwVb g‡b Kiv|  Report ivLvi ¸i“Z¡ bv eySv|
 cvwievwiK evav|  cÖvwZôvwbK evav|
 Kgx© ˆZixi †¶‡Î µgaviv Aej¤^b bv Kiv|  `vwqZ¡kx‡ji K_v Kv‡R wgj bv _vKv|
 AccÖPvi, Acms¯‹…wZ|  `vwqZ¡kxj AbyKiYxq Av`k© bv nIqv|
Av`k© Kg©xi êwkó¨
Kg©x Kv‡K e‡j t
whwb j¶¨-D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L, Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZi Av‡jv‡K KvR K‡ib Zv‡K Kg©x e‡j|
Bmjvgx Av`‡k©i Kg©x t Bmjvg‡K mgv‡Ri me©¯Í‡i Kv‡qg Kivi cÖ‡Póvq ev msMÖv‡g Ask MÖnYKvix e¨w³‡K Bmjvgx Av`‡k©i
Kg©x e‡j|
K. Av`k© Kg©xi KvR
1. Ávb AR©b Kiv 7. mg‡qi Kzievbx
2. AvbyMZ¨ Kiv 8. Av‡›`vj‡b wb‡R‡K GKvZ¥ Kiv
3. k„sLjv i¶v Kiv 9. civgk© †`qv I civgk© †bIqv
4. Kg©m~Px ev¯Íevq‡b m‡PZb _vKv 10. †h †Kvb Z¨vM ¯^xKv‡i cÖ¯‘Z _vKv
5. `vIqvZx KvR Kiv 11. wbR cwiev‡ii ms‡kvab Kiv
6. Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv
L. e¨w³MZ ¸Yvejx t
1. gReyZ Cgvb 5. wnKgZ ev cÖÁv 8. Øxwb Kv‡R cÖwZ‡hvwMZv
2. DËg ˆbwZK PwiÎ 6. weï× wbqvZ ev BLjvm 9. AvgvbZ`vix
3. ZvKIqv 7. ZvIqv°zj ev Avj-vn 10. Iqv`v cvjb
4. Qei wbf©ikxjZv
M. `vqx wnmv‡e ¸Yvejx
1. mnR I my›ì fvlvq K_v ejv 5. ¶gvkxjZv 9. me©`v nvwmLykx _vKv
2. bgªfvlx nIqv 6. Avj-vni mvnvh¨ Kvgbv 10. wbt¯^v_©Zv
3. †Kvgj ü`q 7. `vIqvZ Abyhvqx Avgj
4. fvj Øviv g‡›ì cÖwZ‡iva 8. webq I bgª nIqv
N. ¶wZKi eR©bxq ¸Yvejx
1. AnsKvi 3. wnsmv-we‡Øl 5. c‡ì †jvf
2. wiqv ev cÖ`k©‡b”Qv 4. AvZ¥cyRv I ¯^v_© cyRv 6. nxb gb¨Zv
25
7. Kz-aviYv 11. †gRv‡Ri fvimvg¨nxbZv 15. Zvovûov Kiv
8. MxeZ 12. GK¸‡qgx 16. nZvkv
9. †PvMj‡Lvix 13. AšÍ‡ii msKxb©Zv 17. Kvcyi“lZv
10. KvbvKvwb-wdmwdmvbx 14. i“¶ †gRvR 18. `~e©jZv
O. Av`k© Kg©xiƒ‡c M‡o DVvi Dcvq
1. `„p AsMxKvi-msKí 5. wbqwgZ mvjvZ Av`vq 10. bd‡mi mv‡_ wRnv`
2. wbqwgZ KziAvb I nv`xm 6. wbqwgZ Bev`vZ cvjb 11. †mvnevZ ev DËg msmM©
Aa¨qb 7. wbqwgZ wi‡cvU© ivLv 12. ZvIev-Bw¯ÍMdvi
3. wbqwgZ Bev`vZ cvjb 8. wbqwgZ AvZ¥ mgv‡jvPbv 13. gvby‡li †L`gZ Kiv
4. cov-†jLvi gvb e„w× 9. Avjvni c‡_ `vb Kiv 14. Av‡Liv‡Zi wPšÍv Kiv
9. `vIqvZ
Aviex kã
A_©-WvKv, Avnevb Kiv
msÁv t †Kvb j¶¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L H j‡¶ï w`‡K Avnevb Kiv|
* `vIqv‡Z Øxb t
Avjvni c‡_ gvbyl‡K Avnevb Kiv‡K `vIqvZ Bjvjvn ev `vIqv‡Z Øxb e‡j|
BnKvjxb kvwšÍ, ciKvjxb gyw³ Z_v Bmjvgx Rxeb weav‡bi c‡_ Avnevb Kiv‡K `vIqvZ Bjvjvn e‡j|
¸i“Z¡ t
1. nvgxg Avm-mvR`v-33-`vIqv‡Zi KvR n‡”Q m‡e©vËg KvR|
2. wRnv‡ì 1g KvR `vIqvZ
3. bvnj-125, mivmwi `vIqv‡Zi wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q|
** Av‡j-Bgivb-110, 104
Avnhve-45-46 kyiv-15
Avivd-59,73,85,65 dvwZi-24
BDmyd-158 Beªvnxg-5
gyÏvw”Qi-1-3 ewb-BmivCj-53
nv`xm t
* †Zvgiv Aek¨B mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k w`‡e Ges AmrKvR †_‡K weiZ ivL‡e|
** b‡Pr †Zvgv‡ì Dci hš¿YvKi Avhve †`qv n‡e, †Zvgiv †`vqv Ki‡e wKš‘ Keyj Kiv n‡e bv|
# `vIqvZx KvR †Kb Ki‡Z n‡e?
ivm~j (mt)-Gi me©‡kl wb‡`©k
 ivm~j (mt) D¤§Z wn‡m‡e `vIqvZx KvR eva¨Zvg~jK  `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri K_vB/KvRB m‡e©vËg|
 m‡e©vËg me©‡kªô RvwZ n‡Z n‡j  mn‡R RvbœvZ jv‡fi Dcvq|
 AvZ¥MV‡bi Rb¨  BnKvjxb kvwšÍ I ciKvjxb gyw³i Rb¨
Avj-vni bvdigvbxi mxgv t
1. wdmK t ¯^xKvi Kiv wKš‘ cvjb bv Kiv 3. Zv¸ZÑ`y‡UvB Kiv|
2. KzdiÑ A¯^xKvi Kiv
# cÖKvi t
(K) `vIqv‡Z Øxb, (L) `vIqv‡Z Zv¸Z
# `vIqv‡Z Øx‡bi D‡Ïk¨ t
1. Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi Rb¨ (GKgvÎ G D‡Ï‡k¨B gymjgvb‡ì‡K `vIqvZ †`qv nq|)
2. Øxb Kv‡qg Kiv bex ivmyj (mt)-Gi D‡Ïk¨ †L`g‡Z Øxb D‡Ïk¨ wQj bv|
3. Øxb‡K weRqx KivB D‡Ïk¨; Ab¨vb¨ gZv`k©‡K wbgy©j Kiv bq|
# ivm~j (mt)-Gi `vIqv‡Zi ¯Íi
K. `vIqvZ I ZvejxM
Ñ †Mvc‡b `vIqvZ Ñ cÖKv‡k¨ `vIqvZ
26
L. BKvgv‡Z Øxb
M. Avgi“ wej gvÕi“d, †bwn Avwbj gybKvi|
# `vÕqxi êwkó¨ t
 Bmjv‡gi h_v_© Ávb|  wbt¯^v_©fv‡e `vIqvZx KvR Kiv|
 †Kvgj ü`‡qi AwaKvix; big fvlvq K_v ej‡Z  `vÕqx Bjvj-vni gh©v`v I wh¤§v`vixi Abyf~wZ _vKv|
n‡e|  me©`v nv‡m¨¾¡j †Pnviv|
 âh©¨kxj; byn (Avt) †K cv_i †g‡i ¯‘‡ci wfZi  Bmjv‡gi cÖwZ AwePj wek¦vm
†d‡j w`‡qwQj|  cÖÁvi AwaKvix nIqv|
 ¶gvkxj; Zv‡q‡d Avjvni im~j (mt)  mvnmx PwiÎ|
 AvÕg‡j mv‡jnKvix|  mKj cÖKvi gvbweK `ye©jZv †_‡K weiZ _vKv|
 K_v I Kv‡R wgj _vKv|
 kqZv‡bi cÖ‡ivPbv †_‡K gy³ _vKv|
o `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri c×wZ t
 Uv‡M©U wba©viY  wnKgZ/†KŠkj Aej¤^b|
 m¤úK© ˆZix  VvÊv gv_v I cwi‡ekMZ DËg cš’v|
 my›ì m‡¤^vab  `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri myPbvq Av‡Liv‡Zi welq‡K AwaK
 wb‡R cweÎZv I cwi”QbœZvi gyZ© cÖZxK nIqv| ¸i“Z¡`vb|
 my›ì, †MvQv‡bv I cwicvwU K_v ejv|
# `vIqvZx Kv‡R we‡ivaxZv K‡i Kviv t
 Kv‡qgx ¯^v_©ev`x †Mvôx- [cÖwZwôZ A‰bmjvwgK mgvR eë¯’vi A_©‰bwZK PvweKvwV hv‡ì nv‡Z b¨¯Í _v‡K, ZvivB Kv‡qgx
¯^v_©ev`x]
 mgv‡R †bZ…Z¡`vbKvix e¨w³eM©|
 myweav‡fvMx agx©q m¤cÖ`vq| m~iv ZvIev-24
# we‡ivwaZvi kvLv t
1. we`ªƒc I Dcnvm-mncvVx, 4. bdm 7. A_©‰bwZK kw³
AvZ¥xq¯^Rb 5. mvgvwRK Kzms¯‹vi 8. Kv‡qgx ¯^v_©ev`x ivóªkw³|
2. cÖ‡jvfb I †jvf jvjmv 6. agx©q †bZv, cxi ì‡ek,
3. wbh©vZb I hyjyg| gyiex
# `vIqvZx Kv‡R we‡ivaxZv †Kb?
1. AÁvbZvi Kvi‡Y/bv Rvbvi Kvi‡Y|
2. Bmjvg mKj gZv`‡k©i Dci weRqx _vK‡Z Pvq
3. ¯^v‡_© AvNvZ
 Øxb cÖPv‡ii G c_ KÈKvKxY© evav Avm‡eB|
 evav ev we‡ivaxZv bv Avm‡j eyS‡Z n‡e `vIqvZ Ac~Y©vsM|
# `vIqvZx KvR djcÖmy bv nIqvi KviY t
1. Av`‡k©i Abymvixiv c~Y© AvšÍwiKZvi mwnZ KvR bv 3. gvby‡li ü`‡q bvov †`qvi gZ K_v ej‡Z bv cviv|
Kiv| 4. Kg©c×wZi h_vh_ ev¯Íevqb bv Kiv|
2. cwiKwíZ I Uv‡M©UwfwËK `vIqvZx KvR bv 5. `vÕqxi Avgwjqv‡Z NvUwZ|
nIqv/Kiv| 6. MZvbyMwZK `vIqvZx KvR|
27
10. Bmjv‡g `vIqvZ I `vÕqxi êwkó¨
(Preaching Islam & Characteristics of Da’ee)
¸i“Z¡ t
 Avjvni imyj (mt) Gi me©‡kl wb‡`©k wQj `vIqvZ `vb|
 `vIqvZ `vb Kiv di‡R AvBb|
 `vIqv‡Zi g~j welq t ZvInx`
 gvby‡li we‡e‡Ki mvg‡b KziAv‡bi `vIqvZ w`‡Z n‡e|
 Step by step w`‡Z n‡e
ZvInx`
↓
mvjvZ µgaviv Aej¤^b
↓
hvKvZ
 `vIqvZ †evaMg¨ fvlvq
 e¨w³MZ + mgwóMZ
 gvby‡li gh©v`vq AvNvZ w`‡q K_v ejv hv‡e bv|
 big fvlvq K_v ej‡Z n‡e|
 byn (Avt) †K cv_i †g‡i ¯‘‡ci wfZi †d‡j w`‡qwQj|
 hvKvwiqv (Avt) w`bgRyi wQ‡jb|
 Zv‡q‡d ivmyj (mt) beyIqv‡Zi mePvB‡Z KwVbZg mgq AwZµg K‡i‡Qb ïay `vIqv‡Zi Rb¨|
 ¶gv Kivi gvbwmKZv m¤úbœ|
 ü`q‡K cÖk¯’ Ki‡Z n‡e|
 mZ¨ ejvi A`g¨ mvnwmKZv m¤úbœ n‡Z n‡e|
 dvqvi weª‡M‡Wi Mvwoi Accident G †Kvb mgm¨v †bB|
 wb‡j©vf n‡Z n‡e
 ÑïAviv [Bqvwmb] `yÕLvb
 mei
 dvQwei Avjv gv mvwei
 BDbym (Avt) mvivw`b A‡c¶v K‡i `vIqvZx KvR K‡i †Kv‡bv djvdj bv †c‡q P‡j hvw”Q‡jb-b`x‡Z gvSvgvwS ch©v‡q
†bŠKv AvU‡K †Mj-†K ¯’vqx jUvwi Kiv nj jUvwi‡Z BDbym (Avt) Gi bvg DVj, AveviI jUvwi Kiv nj AveviI bvg
DVj, Zvici AveviI jUvwi Kiv nj AveviI BDbym (Avt) Gi bvg DVj| wZwb ej‡jb Avgv‡KB †d‡j `vI| Zv‡K
b`x‡Z †d‡j †`qv njÑ wZwg BDbym (Avt) †K †L‡q †djj-wZwgi †c‡U BDbym (Avt) †`vqv Ki‡jb, Avwg wb‡Ri Dci
Ryjyg K‡iwQ| (ivevbv hvjvgbv Avbdzmvbv)
 Ave`yjvn Be‡b D‡¤§ gvKZzg `yBevi g`xbvi Avgxi wQ‡jb|
 K_vi wfZi hv`y _vK‡Z n‡e|
 `vÕqxi PwiÎ n‡e Pz¤^‡Ki gZ|
 hvwiAvZ-9
# ivm~j (mt)-Gi 6wU êwkó¨-Bgvg gymwjg
o evM¥xZv, (K_vi hv`y)
o Personality (e¨w³Z¡)
o MYxgvZ nvivg
o mKj ¯’vb‡K gmwR` evbv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
o mgMÖ m„wói Rb¨ bex|
o LvZvgyb bvwewq¨b|
28
11. msMVb cwiPvjbvt `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì KiYxq
 Bgvg n‡”Q Xvj¯îƒc, hv‡K mvg‡b †i‡L c_ Pjv hvq, AvZ¥i¶vI Kiv hvq;
 Bgv‡gi wZbwU A_©t- (1) whwb mvg‡b c_ P‡jb (2) wb‡`©k `vbKvix (3) mevi c~‡e© wb‡`©k ev¯Íevqb K‡ib|
 †bZ…Z¡ t
Bmjvgx cwifvlvq t Lwjdv, Bgvg, Avwgi|
Bgvg-AbymiY, AbyKiY Kiv hvq-Beªvnxg (Avt)
Ñ ïay Av‡`k`vZv bb, †m Av‡`k wb‡RI cvjb Ki‡eb|
†bZ…Z¡ †`qvUv GKUv Sensitive welq|
 †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸Yvejx t
†mB †bZvivB DËg, hv‡ì †Zvgiv fvjevm, wZwbI †Zvgv‡ì fvjev‡mb, †Zvgiv Zvi Rb¨ †`vqv Ki, wZwbI †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨
†`vqv K‡ib| Ñnv`xm
(1) ewjô Cgv‡bi AwaKvix n‡eb
- bex (mt) Gi beyIqZ jvf cieZx© NUbv t cvnv‡o D‡V (mvdv I gviIqv) beyIqv‡Zi †NvlYv
- Avey eKi (ivt) Gi NUbv|
Ñ †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ Wvt Zv‡ni fvB‡K i¶v Kivi Rb¨ PÆMÖv‡g Av›ìwKjv kvnx gmwR‡ì mvg‡b nv‡dR Avt iwng I ¯‹zj
Kgx© Avwgi †nvmvBb ¸wji mvg‡b eyK †c‡Z w`‡q †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ‡K i¶v K‡i kvnv`Z eiY K‡i‡Qb|
(2) K_vbyiƒc KvR t
Bqv AvBqy¨nvjvwhbv Avgvbywjgv ZvKzjybv gv jv ZvdAvjyb| Kveyiv gvKZvb B›`vjvwn AvbZv Kzjy gv jv Zvdqvjyb|
m~iv Avm-mvd2-3
DËg Avg‡ji AwaKvix nIqv]
- ivm~j (mt)-Gi wgwó LvIqv
- Kg K_v ej‡Z n‡e-GK mvnvexi NUbv
GK mvnvex ivm~j (mt) Gi gy‡L Kg K_v ejvi ¸‡Yi K_v ï‡b gy‡L cv_i XywK‡q †i‡L Kg K_v ejvi Af¨vm M‡o‡Qb|
Ñ ZIevi LywUÑ
* Ggb Avgj Ki‡eb hv‡Z Senior I Avcwb K‡i m‡¤^vab Ki‡Z eva¨ nq|
(3) Kj¨vY Kvgbv Kiv t
Ñ Kgx©‡K, †bZv‡K wb‡q Awf‡hvM †ck Kiv hv‡ebv|
Ñ åvZ…‡Z¡i eÜb `„p Ki‡Z n‡e|
Ñ Mxe‡Zi PP©v Completely eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e|
(4) Bmjvgx e¨w³Z¡ MVb t
Ñ GKRb Av‡iKRb‡K cwiï× Kiv| (Gn‡Zmve)
(Avj-vû¤§v AvÕwZ bvdwm ZvKIqvnv Iqv hvw°nv)
(5) K‡VviZv bq †KvgjZv t
(dvwegv ivngvwZg---- gynv¤§v`yi ivm~jyj-vwn ---- (dvZ&nv-29)
(6) Bbmvd Kv‡qg Kiv t
Ñ gvIjvbv gI`y`x (it) weKv‡ji Avmi
(7) Øxwb †PZbv jvjb Kiv t
(8) DËg ¸Yvejxi weKvk mvab t
Ñ wb‡Ri †`vl¸wj wjwce× K‡i GK GK K‡i `~ixKiY|
(9) Avgvb‡Zi msi¶Y t
Iqvj-vwhbv ûg wj AvgvbvwZwng Iqv AvBw`wng ivDb|
Ñ gyÕwgbyb-8
Kzievbxi Mi“ wK‡b gvwj‡Ki wbKU ivLv (fiY-†cvlY w`‡q) Zvici mgq n‡j wb‡q Avmv, hv‡Z H Mi“i gvwj‡Ki †Kvb
AwaKvi _v‡K bv|
Ñ bv eySvi Kvi‡Y cÖwZwbqZ Avgiv Avgvb‡Zi †LqvbZ Kwi|
29
Ñ msMV‡bi UvKv Li‡Pi e¨vcv‡i m‡PZbZvi cwiPq †`qv-wb‡Ri UvKv LiP Ki‡Z †hgb wPšÍv msMV‡bi UvKv LiP Ki‡Z
Zvi †P‡q †ewk wPšÍv Kiv|
Ñ Avjvn RvbœvZ w`‡eb Avgvb‡Zi h_vh_ eënv‡ii wfwË‡Z|
(10) mK‡ji cÖwZ mgvb AvPiY t
Ñ Chain of leadership ˆZwi/GKvwaK †bZv ˆZwi|
Ñ Avgiv GLbI Chain of leadership Ki‡Z cvwiwb|
Ñ wZwbB †hvM¨ `vwqZ¡kxj whwb Zvi PvB‡ZI †hvM¨ †bZv ˆZwi K‡i hv‡eb|
(12) ewjô, mvnmx f~wgKv ivLv t
Ñ Avjx (ivt) Gi Lvgym `y‡M©i KcvU wb‡q hy× Kiv|
Ñ knx` iweDj Bmjvg fvB
(13) mvsMVwbK I Academic Aa¨qb wVK ivLv|
## Zviv iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i kvnv`v‡Zi g„Zz¨ Kvgbv K‡i| w`‡b kÎ“‡ì wei“‡× hy× K‡i|
** gyZvi hy× ZveyK hy×
†ivg mgªvU hy‡× civwRZ n‡q ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨-wZb m`m¨wewkó KwgwU K‡i hvi Report wQj gymjgvb‡ì ˆbwZKZv‡K
Target Ki‡Z n‡e|
msMVb cwiPvjbv
Dgi Bebyj LvËve (ivt) e‡jbÑ msMVb Qvov Bmjvg †bB|
eZ©gvb we‡k¦i weivRgvb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Abyf~Z n‡”Q msMV‡bi ¸i“Z¡, cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, cÖfve|
beyIqv‡Zi lô wnRjx‡Z 9wU †MvÎ GKwÎZ n‡q ivm~‡ji (mt) wei“‡× Pzw³ K‡i ivm~j‡K eqKU K‡i| 5 Rb hye‡Ki
mw¤§wjZ †KŠkjx f~wgKvq eqK‡Ui Aemvb N‡U| G †_‡K eySv hvq msMV‡bi ¸i“Z¡|
msNe× Rb †Mvôx GK weivU kw³| `ywbqvq civkw³¸‡jv AvR msNe× gymjgvb‡ì fq cv‡”Q| 130 †KvwU gymjgvb
bq-Zv‡ì fq K‡qK jvL RvgvZe× gymjgvb wb‡q|
msMVb cwiPvjbvi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© w`K t
o j¶¨ D‡Ï‡kï w`‡K †K›`ªxf~Z _vK‡Z n‡e Centralized to its aim and target
o Spiritual side ev i“nvbx kw³i cªwZ †ekx bRi
o j¶¨ AR©‡bi Rb¨ cwiKwíZfv‡e KvR Pvwj‡q hvIqv|
o Zvr¶wYK Bmyï PvB‡Z g~j Bmy¨‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qv|
* ZvInx` * Av‡LivZ * †imvjvZ
o cwieZ©b Kivi gZ †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ †jvK ˆZix
- hviv †mªv‡Zi cÖwZKz‡j Pj‡Z cv‡i, evZv‡mi MwZ cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡i
- wewìs ˆZixi c~‡e© BU ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e|
* Kgx©evwnbx t
- wec‡ei Rb¨ †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ Kg©x ˆZix Acwinvh©
- wecex Kg©x evwnbx M‡o †Zvjvi KwZcq w`K
o Av`wk©K Áv‡bi c~Y©Zv o Internal + external Gi g‡a¨ mgš^q
o Av`‡k©i Av‡jv‡K gbgvbwmKZv MVb o Physical, mental preparation.
o †gŠwjK gvbexq †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ †jvK
* msMV‡bi Kvh©µg cwiPvPjbvq cÖ‡qvRb t
o cwiKíbv MÖnY (Planning) Long tem, short term.
 †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB AwZwi³ Plan bv †bqv  cwiKíbvq mywbwÏ©ó j¶¨ ev Uv‡M©U wba©vib
 Avevi mvg_© _vKv m‡Z¡I Kg Plan †bqv wVK bq
o cwiKíbv ev¯Íveqb
4. me©¯Í‡ii `vwqZ¡kxj mn Rbkw³i Involvement Ri“ix
 AjmZv cwinvi/¯^ZtùyZ© mvov/ mevB‡K ¸i“Z¡ Dcjwä Ki‡Z n‡e/ AbvKvswLZ NUbv Avoid Kivi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e/
Plan ev¯Íevqb K‡i Rest
o ZË¡veavb
 cwiKíbv MÖn‡Yi ci Z`viKx evov‡bv  gvby‡li Mental investigation bv K‡i Kv‡Ri Av‡jv‡K
 †h Î“wU cwijw¶Z n‡e Zv `~i Ki‡Z n‡e `~e©jZv wPwýZ K‡i Zv `~i Ki‡Z n‡e|
o Reporting
30
GUv cwiKíbv ev¯Íevq‡bi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ask Report cyi‡bi Rb¨ Kg©x, mv_x, m`m¨ evwb‡q
Report e¯‘wbô I mwVK nIqv ìKvi wece n‡ebv
Av›`vR, Abygvb K‡i †Kvb Report †`qv ev mg_©K msL¨v mwVK wbi“wcZ nIqv ìKvi
†bqv wVK bq
gq`v‡bi Original wPÎ Avmv ìKvi
5. Review
cwiKíbv/ Report/ cwiw¯’wZi Av‡jv‡K cÖ‡qvR‡b Plan review Ki‡Z n‡e|
* GKwU mdj Bmjvgx wec‡ei Rb¨ t
me©‡¶‡Î †bZ…Z¡ mieivn
Power structure.
Political Leader
5. Social Leader
Leader in administration
gReyZ Network
o Informaion. o Law year
o Writer. o Social contorl-
o Journalist
 Economical Factor
 NGO Factor
* †hvM¨Zvi †Kvb weKí †bB|
msMVb cwiPvjbv
msMVb t GKwÎZ nIqv, Rgv‡qZ nIqv, msMwVZ nIqv BZ¨vw`| †Kvb GKwU j¶¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L GKRb †bZvi †bZ…‡Z¡ wKQy
†jv‡Ki GKwÎZ nIqv‡K msMVb e‡j|
Bs‡iRx‡Z- Organization, Organ-Body (A½ I kixi)|
msMV‡bi Dcv`vb t
1. Rbkw³ 2. †bZ…Z¡ 3. wbqg bxwZ
msMV‡bi ¸i“Z¡ t
1. j¶¨ D‡Ï‡kï w`‡K Rbkw³‡K †Kb`ªxf~Z Kiv|
2. i“nvbx w`‡Ki cÖwZ ¸i“Z¡ †`qv
3. g~j Bmy¨‡K cÖvavb¨ †`hv (ZvInx`, †imvjvZ, Av‡LivZ)
4. cwieZ©b Kivi gZ †jvK ˆZix (†gŠwjK gvbexq ¸Y m¤úbœ)
5. Rbkw³i Av`wk©K w`‡K †gvwU‡fkb
 Av`wk©K Ávb
 Av`‡k©i Dc¯’vcb
msMVb cwiPvjbvq cÖ‡qvRb t
1. cwiKíbv MÖnY t
fvimvg¨ c~Y© (Rbkw³, A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v, we‡ivax kw³ I cwicvwk¦K Ae¯’vi Av‡jv‡K)
`xN© †gqv`x/ ¯^í †gqv`x
2. ev¯Íevqb/eÈb t (Rbkw³i gv‡bi Av‡jv‡K)
3. ZZ¡veavb t
 Î“wU cwijw¶Z n‡j `~i Kiv
 Kv‡Ri Av‡jv‡K `ye©jZv wPwýZ K‡i `~i Kiv
4. wi‡cvwU©s t
 gq`v‡bi mwVK wPÎ Zz‡j aiv
 e¯‘wbô I mwVK wi‡cvU© †`qv
5. ch©v‡jvPbv t (mwVK KviY wPwýZ Kiv)
cwiPvj‡Ki Acwinvh© ¸Yvejx t
1. Áv‡bi †¶‡Î †kªôZ¡
31
 KziAvb I nvw`‡mi AšÍwb©wnZ Ávb AR©b  HwZnvwmK NUbvejx
Kiv (Igi ivt Ljxdv nIqvi ci †`vqv)  Rbkw³ I gq`vb
 Bmjvg I AvaywbK Ávb
 mgmvgwqK cwiw¯’wZ
2. g¨v‡bR‡g›U * cÖvavb¨Zvi Av‡jv‡K KvR wba©viY

* mgqgZ KvR * fvimvg¨c~Y©
3. cÖÁv t
* gb¯ÍË Abyaveb * cwiw¯’wZ †gvKv‡ejv (ivR‰bwZK, K¨v¤úvm,
* wbR Kv‡Ri c×wZ fvjfv‡e Rvbv Avf¨šÍixY)
* Øx‡bi LywUbvwU welq Rvbv|
4. Revew`wnZv t
* Avj-vni wbKU
* msMV‡bi wbKU (Rbkw³ I `vwqZ¡kx‡ji wbKU)
* wb‡Ri we‡eK
5. Avjvni mv‡_ m¤úK© t
* †gŠwjK Bev`Zmg~n AZ¨šÍ †Lv`vfxwZi mv‡_ cvjb
* bdj Bev`‡Zi cÖwZ ¸i“Z¡ `vb (bvgvR, †ivhv, A_© `vb)
* Avjvni wbKU †`vqv Kiv
cwiPvj‡Ki Ab¨vb¨ ¸Yvejx t
 cwikªgwcÖqZv  weP¶YZv/`~i`wk©Zv  Z¨vMx g‡bvfve
 KómwnòzZv  D`vi wPšÍv  wbqgvbyewZ©Zv
 mvnwmKZv  w¯’i wPËZv  evM¥xZv
 DËg eënvi
* †cÖiYv`vqK * mshZ K_v * ¶gv
 wbôvevb  Rbkw³ g~j¨vqb (eqm, AwfÁZv, wk¶v)
 AvgvbZ`vi (Rbkw³, †Uwj‡dvb, †gvevBj,  b¨vqcivqbZv
hvbevnb Ab¨vb¨ m¤ú`)
 mgv‡jvPbv nRg Kiv
cieZx© `vwqZ¡kxj ˆZix t
* †jvK evQvB (avivevwnKZvi Av‡jv‡K) * KvR †kLv‡bv
* wbexo ZË¡veavb * MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv ˆZix
* Î“wU `~ixKiY * mv‡_ †i‡L KvR Kiv‡bv
1. cwi‡ek
cwi‡ek e¨ZxZ †Kvb cÖvYx euvP‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB gvbyl ˆZixi Rb¨ cwi‡ek †gŠwjK kZ©|
cwi‡ek Abyhvqx †jvK ˆZix nq| cwi‡ek hZ fvj I DbœZ nq ZZB fvj gvbyl
‡jvK Abyhvqx cwi‡ek ˆZix nq bv| ˆZix nq|
2. cwi‡ek ej‡Z wK eywS t
* Oxford Dictionary †Z ejv n‡q‡Q- Sorrounding and conditions in which people. A_©- PZzcvk¦©
Ges Zvi Ae¯’v †hLv‡b gvbyl emevm K‡i|
* Avgiv mvaviYZt Avgv‡ì Pvicv‡k hv wKQy Av‡Q Zv‡K wb‡q cwi‡ek ewj|
* mvsMVwbK cwiwa Ges Zvi Ae¯’v †hLv‡b Kgx©, mv_x, m`m¨ ev †bZv Kgx© emevm K‡i|
* mvsMVwbKfv‡e Avgv‡ì Pvicv‡k Av‡QÑ
Ñ mg_©K, Kgx©, mv_x, m`m¨ I ïfvKvsLx|
1. `vwqZ¡kxj > Kgx©| 2. Kgx© > `vwqZ¡kxj|
3. `vwqZ¡kxj I Kgx© > mvaviY Gi mv‡_| (mg_©K, ïfvKvsLx|)
3. mvsMVwbK cwi‡ek ej‡Z Avgiv †Kvb cwi‡ek‡K eySvv‡ev t
HwZn¨ msi¶Y Kiv| fvimvg¨c~Y© Kg©m~Px cvjb|
msMV‡bi Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZ AbyKiY Kiv| cvi¯úwiK åvZ…Zc ¡ ~Y© cwi‡ek|
32
Av‡`k AvbyM‡Zï fvimvg¨ i¶v Kiv|
4. Øxb k‡ãi A_© t 4wU A_© cvIqv hvq t
cÖ_gZ t cÖwZ`vb, cÖwZdj ev e`jv,
* dvwZnv-gvwjwK BqvD wg` w`b
* BbwdZvi-Kvj-v evj ZzKvw¾eybv we` Øxb
wØZxqZ t AvbyMZ¨ ev ûKzg †g‡b Pjv t
* Bgivb-83-AvdvMvBiv Øxwbj-vwn Bqve¸bv Iqvjvû Avmjvgv
* ûRivZ-3- Avjv wjj&jvwn` Øxwbj Lv‡jm
Z…ZxqZ t Rxeb eë¯’v, AvbyM‡Zï weavb ev c×wZ t
* Bgivb-19-BbœvZ Øxb Bb`vj jvwnj Bmjvg|
* Bgivb-85-IqvgvB BqveZvwM MvBivj Bmjvgx Øxbvb dvjvb BDKevjv wgbû,
* gv‡q`v-3-Avj BqvIgv AvKgvjZz jvKzg ØxbyKzg,
* md-8-wjBDRwnivû Avjv` Øxwb Kzwj-nx
PZz_©Z t wbqg-bxwZ, AvBb Kvbyb, ivóª ev mgvR eë¯’v t
* gygxb-26-IqvKvjv wdiAvDhy Ri“bx Avb AvKZzjy gymv,
* m~iv-Avb AvwKgy` Øxb, Iqvjv ZvZvdvi ivKz wgwn|
5. Øxwb cwi‡ek wbf©i K‡i t
†bZv / `vwqZ¡kx‡ji AvPi‡Yi Dci|
Kgx©‡ì AvPi‡Yi Dci|
†bZv I Kgx©‡ì cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i Dci|
6. Øxwb cwi‡ek msi¶‡Y cÖwZeÜKZv t
AvKvk ms¯‹…wZi cÖfve|
gvb Avmvi Av‡M gv‡bvbœq‡bi †Póv Kiv|
7. †bZv / `vwqZ¡kx‡ji AvPiY ev f~wgKv n‡e t
webªg fvlvq wb‡`©k w`‡eb| cwi‡ek bóKvix ¸bvejx †_‡K msMVb‡K
†bZ…Z¡ Kgx©‡ì mv‡_ AbvbyôvwbK AvjvcI †ndvRZ Kiv|
Ki‡eb| mvsMVwbK k„sLjv weavb‡K me©vwaK ¸i“Z¡
†KvgjZv, D`viZv I ¶gvkxjZvi bxwZ †`qv|
Aej¤^b| `~i `„wó, †h †Kvb wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡b cieZ©x
mevB‡K mgvb ¸i“Z¡ †`qv I mgvb fvjevmv cwiw¯’wZ Abyaveb Ki‡Z cviv|
†`qv| êV‡Ki wm×všÍ h_vh_ ev¯Íevqb Kiv|
cÖvc¨ Abyhvqx gh©v`v †`qv wm×všÍ †Kvbfv‡eB †hb evwn‡i bv hvq|
mKj Rbkw³‡K cÖfve ej‡qi g‡a¨ ivLv| civgk© wfwËK wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv|
Rbkw³i gv‡bvbœq‡bi avivevwnKZv wVK ivLv| `vwqZ¡kxj evQvB Ki‡Z fzj bv Kiv|
†h †Kvb mgm¨vi Zvr¶wYK mgvavb| G‡¶‡Î `vwqZ¡kxjMY my›ì cwi‡ek msi¶‡b Zx² bRi
†hvM¨ Wv³v‡ii f~wgKvq AeZxY© nIqv| ivL‡eb|
Rbkw³i mv‡_ e¨w³MZ †hvMv‡hvM i¶v Kiv| AvÂwjK †PZbv K‡Vvi n‡¯Í `gb Kiv|
GUv †hb Mxe‡Zi cwi‡ek bv nq| †Kvb Awf‡hvM ïbv gvÎ KgvÛ bv Kiv|
Gn‡Zmve ev MVb g~jK mgv‡jvPbv Kiv| Rbkw³i e³e¨ axiw¯’ifv‡e ïbv|
mKj †¶‡Î mvsMVwbK `„wófsMxi AbymiY Kiv| wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡b wb‡Ri AMÖYx f~wgKv cvjb
mKj †¶‡Î msMV‡bi ¯^v_©‡KB cÖavb¨ †`qv| Kiv|
8. cwi‡ek webóKvix welq mg~n t
1. Av‡`‡ki my‡i K_v ejv| 5. †PvMjLyix 9. mvgwóK fvimvg¨nxbZv
2. MxeZ 6. KvbvKvwb I wdmwdmvbx, 10. msKxY©gbZv|
3. wnsmv-we‡Øl 7. †gRv‡Ri fvimvg¨nxbZv
4. KzaviYv 8. GK¸‡qgx
9. cwi‡ek msi¶‡b mnvqK welq mg~n t
1. `vwqZ¡kxj KZ©„K mKj Rbkw³‡K Kv‡R 2. MxeZ gy³ cwi‡ek msi¶Y Kiv|
jvMv‡bv| 3. Kg©m~Px cvj‡b Kg©c×wZi AbymiY Kiv|
33
4. Gn‡ZQv‡ei cÖPjb _vKv| 8. cÖv³b fvB‡ì mv‡_ civgk© Kiv|
5. Bmjvgx Ávb AR©‡bi cÖPzi eB cy¯K Í _vK‡Z 9. `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b m‡PZb _vKv|
n‡e| 10. knx`‡ì Rxebx Rvbv I kvnv`v‡Zi †PZbv|
6. wKQy Bmjvgx ¯‹jvi ˆZix Kiv| 11. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì DËg Avgj I DbœZ AvPiY|
7. Avgv‡ì msweavb AbymiY Kiv|
10. cwi‡ek msi¶‡Y Avgv‡ì `~e©jZv t
1. â‡h©ï Afve| 9. msKxY©Zvi D‡a© DV‡Z bv cviv|
2. `ª“Z c`‡¶c bv †bqv| 10. Kg© eÈ‡b mywePvi bv Kiv|
3. Bjg Abyhvqx Avgj bv Kiv| 11. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì †jb-†`b Acwi”QbœZv|
4. †hvM‡hv‡Mi Afve| 12. h_v mg‡q †cÖvMÖvg ïi“ Ki‡Z bv cviv|
5. fzj eySv eywS| 13. mKj Rbkw³i mv‡_ Bbmvdc~Y© AvPiY Ki‡Z
6. mg‡qi AcPq| bv cviv|
7. ZË¡veav‡bi bv‡g mxgv AwZµg Kiv| 14. Bmjv‡gi bxwZ AbymiY bv Kiv|
8. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì A`~i`k©x gšÍe¨|
11. cwi‡ek msi¶Y bv n‡j ¶wZ t
msMV‡bi KvVv‡gv †f‡½ c‡o| cÖwZôv‡b wk¶vi cwi‡ek bó nq|
msMV‡bi MÖnY †hvM¨Zv n«vm cvq| mvsMVwbK m¤úmviY eÜ n‡q hvq|
RvwZ mr I †hvM¨ †bZ…Z¡ †_‡K ewÂZ nq| we‡ivax‡ì AccÖPvi e„w× cvq|
mK‡ji gv‡S Bmjvgx `vIqv‡Zi cÖmvi K‡g
hvq|
12. DckvLv cwiPvjbvq GKRb Av`k© `vwqZ¡kx‡ji f~wgKv

(K) DckvLv t †K›`ªxq msMV‡bi kvLv mg~‡ni AvIZvq mviv †`‡ki msMVb‡K †h †QvU †QvU ¶z` ªZg Kg©‡¶‡Îi AvKvi wef³
Kiv nq ZvB DckvLv| cÖwZ DckvLvq GKRb `vwqZ¡kxjmn Kgc‡¶ wZbRb Kg©x _v‡K hviv KwZcq wba©vwiZ †gŠwjK
Kg© wbqwgZ m¤úv`‡b mwµq _v‡K|
(L) DckvLvi cwiPq t
* DckvLv msMVb ¯^xK…Z cÖv_wgK BDwbU|
* DckvLv n‡”Q-Kv‡Ri Practical Field.
* DckvLv n‡”Q Recruiting centre, Supply center, Production centre, One Kinds of industry.
DckvLvi GKwU D`vniY t iwk, Rvj I wmmv m¤^wjZ gvQ wkKv‡ii 1wU Rv‡ji gZ| iwk I Rvj hZB gReyZ †nvK, wmmv bv
_vK‡j †hgb KvswLZ gvQ wkKvi Kiv hvqbv, Abyiƒcfv‡e AvcvZ `„wó‡Z me wVK Av‡Q g‡b n‡jI wmmvmg DckvLv Kvh©µg
h_vh_ bv _vK‡j msMVb `~e©jB †_‡K hvq| Av`k© msMV‡bi Ab¨Zg êwkó¨ gReyZ DckvLv| DckvLvi Product †K
Purify I Modify K‡i _vbv I †Rjv msMVb|
(M) DckvLvi ¸i“Z¡ t
 DckvLvmg~n msMV‡bi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i| o †gŠwjK Kv‡Ri A‡bKvsk DckvLv m¤úv`b K‡i
 wiµzwUs †m›Uvi wn‡m‡e f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| _v‡K|
 wbw`©ó gvb ch©šÍ ˆjvK ˆZix nq DckvLvi o DckvLv †Kw›`ªK GjvKv Base area wn‡m‡e
gva¨‡g| KvR K‡i|
o cÖPzi msL¨K mg_©K DckvLvi mv‡_ RwoZ o gReyZ DckvLvi mgš^‡q M‡o D‡V gReyZ
_v‡K| msMVb|
o `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri Avmj †¶Î|
o †bZ…Z¡ ˆZixi cÖv_wgK ¯Íi|
(N) DckvLv MV‡bi c~e©kZ© wK wK? t
34
GKwU bZzb DckvLv MVb Ki‡Z n‡j A_ev mg_©K kvLv DckvLvq DbœxZ Ki‡Z n‡j Aek¨B wb‡gœv³ 4wU †gŠwjK kZ©
c~iY Ki‡Z nq t
Rbkw³ t Kgc‡¶ Kg©x 12 Rb, ïfvKvsLx 5 Rb|
cvVvMvi t Kgc‡¶ Avj-†KviAvb 5wU (LÊ), Avj-nvw`m 5wU I Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ 15wU (wm‡jevm wfwËK) (m¤¢e
n‡j 1 †mU Kg©x wm‡jevm)
dvBj t wi‡cvU© msi¶Y dvBj 1wU, cÖKvkbv msi¶b dvBj 1wU, dig msi¶Y dvBj 1wU I `vIqvZx DcKiY
dvBj 1wU|
LvZv t †cÖvMÖvg LvZv 1wU, evqZzjgvj †iwRóvi I Av`v‡qi LvZv 1wU, Rbkw³, mg_©K I ïfvKvsLx †iwRóvi LvvZv
1wU I cvVvMv‡ii eB †iwRóvi I wewji LvZv 1wU| G‡¶‡Î †K›`ª cÖKvwkZ GKwU LvZv eënvi KivB h‡_ó|
(O) Av`k© DckvLv t
1. DckvLvi KvRmg~n wbqwgZ nIqv| 6. Da©Zb cwiKíbv ev¯Íevq‡b mwµq Ask MÖnb|
2. wbqwgZ cwiKíbv MÖnY I wi‡cvwU©s| 7. wbqwgZ e„w× cv‡e (mv_x, Kg©x, mg_©K, myax)
3. cÖ‡Z¨K `dv wfwËK KvR n‡e| 8. D‡jL‡hvM¨ nv‡i evqZzjgvj Av`vq n‡e|
4. cieZ©x `vwqZ¡kxj (Chain of leadership) 9. cvVvMvi mPj _vK‡e|
_vK‡e|
5. D‡jL‡hvM¨ msL¨K Kg©xi e¨vP _vK‡e|
(P) Av`k© DckvLvi †gŠwjK êwkó¨ t
1. e„w× msµvšÍt
(K) cÖwZgv‡m Kgc‡¶ Kg©x e„w× 2 Rb, mg_©K e„w× 4 Rb, eÜz e„w× 6 Rb, ïfvKvsLx e„w× 2 Rb Kiv|
(L) cÖwZgv‡m Kgc‡¶ 5wU wK‡kvi KÉ, 2wU Bqy_ I‡qf I 3wU QvÎmsev‡ì MÖvnK e„w× Kiv|
2. †cÖvMÖvg msµvšÍ t
(K) gv‡mi cÖ_g w`‡K cÖwk¶Y g~jK †cÖvMÖvg 1wU (mvgwóK cvV/KziAvb Zvwjg)
(L) gv‡mi gvSvgvwS‡Z `vIqvZx g~jK †cÖvMÖvg GKwU (mvavib mfv, Pv-Pµ, mvaviY Áv‡bi Avmi BZ¨vw`)|
(M) gv‡mi †kl w`‡K Kg©x êVK 1wU, gv‡mi †h †Kvb mgq MÖ“c `vIqvZx KvR 1wU| GQvov cÖwZ †mvgevi‡K
`vIqvZx evi wn‡m‡e Kv‡R jvMv‡bv|
3. evqZzjgvj msµvšÍ t
(K) Rbkw³, mg_©K, ïfvKvsLx‡ì cÖwZgv‡m bZzb GqvbZ e„w× Kiv|
(L) Rbkw³ I ïfvKvsLx‡ì av‡h©i 100% I mg_©K‡ì 60% Av`vq wbwðZ Kiv|
(M) cÖwZgv‡m Kgc‡¶ 1wU †Uwej e¨vsK, 1wU †`vKvb e· I 1wU Kjm e„w× Kiv Ges Av`vq wbwðZ Kiv|
4. cvVvMvi msµvšÍ t
(K) cvVvMvi n‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K Rbkw³ cÖwZgv‡m Kgc‡¶ 1wU KziAvb, 1wU nv`xm I 1wU Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ Bmy¨ K‡i †bqv
Ges cov|
(L) cÖwZgv‡m Kgc‡¶ 1wU KziAvb, 1wU nv`xm I 2wU Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ e„w× Kiv| DckvLv mfvcwZ mv_x nIqv Ges
†m‡µUvixi mv_x cÖv_©x nIqv Avek¨K|
(Q) Av`k© DckvLv cwiPvjbv t
cwiPvj‡Ki ¸Yvejx t
1. Ávb I Avg‡ji †¶‡Î †kªôZ¡ AR©b| 6. åvZ…Z¡ I †cÖiYv m„wói †hvM¨Zv|
2. Kg©x I mg_©K‡ì g‡a¨ mePvB‡Z Av¯’vfvRb e¨w³ 7. Z¨v‡Mi †¶‡Î AMÖMvgx|
3. mePvB‡Z †ekx âh©¨kxj| 8. Kg©x‡ì mv‡_ mgvb eënvi I Bbmvd Kv‡qg|
4. mvnwmKZvc~Y©| 9. mye³v
5. Ri“ix cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Zwor wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y cvi`k©x| 10. bw_cÎ I wnmve msi¶‡Y cvi`k©x|
(R) cwiPvj‡Ki †gŠwjK `vwqZ¡ t
1. †hvM¨Zvi Av‡jv‡K Kg© eÈb| 5. msev` Av`vb cÖ`vb|
3. ZË¡veavb| 6. wi‡cvwU©s I ch©v‡jvPbv|
4. †cÖvMÖvg cwiPvjbv|
(S) Av`k© `vwqZ¡kx‡ji f~wgKv wK?
1. DckvLvi Gwiqv m¤^‡Ü h_v_© Ávb|
35
2. 5g †kªYx †_‡K K‡jR/BDwbfvwm©wU ch©v‡qi me QvÎ‡ì m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨ msi¶Y| G‡¶‡Î †gavex QvÎ,
¯’vbxq cÖfvekvjx QvÎ, Agymwjg QvÎ I Ab¨vb¨ QvÎ msMV‡bi †bZv Kg©x‡ì c„_K c„_K ZvwjKv msMÖn I
msi¶Y Kiv|
3. Da©Zb msMV‡bi mv‡_ wbqwgZ †hvM‡hvM ivLv Ges M„wnZ Kg©m~Px ev¯Íevq‡b h_v_© f~wgKv cvjb Kiv|
4. me Rbkw³‡K mwµq ivL‡Z Ges µgvš^‡q gv‡bvbœq‡bi me©vZ¥K †Póv Kiv|
5. me©¯Í‡i e„w×i `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b MÖnYx f~wgKv cvjb Kiv|
7. DckvLvi †cÖvMÖvg mg~n ev¯Íevq‡b me©vZ¥K †Póv Kiv|
8. evqZzjgv‡ji GqvbZ Av`vq I e„w×i e¨vcv‡i mwµq f~wgKv cvjb|
9. mKj Rbkw³i cvVvf¨vm e„w×‡Z DrmvwnZ Kiv, eB wewj Ges bZzb eB msMÖn Kiv|
10. AvQi †_‡K gvMwie cvovq I †Ljvi gv‡V f~wgKv cvjb Kiv| G‡¶‡Î DcKibmn GK gmwR‡ì AvQ‡ii bvgvR
Ges Ab¨ gmwR‡` gvMwi‡ei bvgvR cov|
11. ¯’vbxq gmwR‡ì Bgvg, gyqvw¾b I †gv‡ZvIqvwji mv‡_ my-m¤úK© M‡o †Zvjv|
12. mgv‡Ri ¯’vbxq cÖfvekvjx e¨w³‡ì ZvwjKv msMÖn K‡i ïfvKvsLx evbv‡bvi †Póv Kiv|
13. Mixe, Amnvq QvÎ‡ì cov‡bv, wk¶v DcKiY cÖ`vb I Avw_©K mn‡hvwMZvi cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv|
14. ¯§iYxq I RvZxq wè‡m evmvq wM‡q ï‡f”Qv wewbgq Kiv|
15. gvwmK `vwqZ¡kxj êV‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq wi‡cvU©mn h_vmg‡q Dcw¯’Z _vKv|
16. RvZxq, Bmjvgx I mvsMVwbK wèm mg~n cvjb Kiv I mvgvwRK Kvh©µ‡g Ask MÖnY Kiv|
17. mKj ch©v‡q civgk© K‡i wm×všÍ †bqvi †Póv Kiv|
18. wm×všÍ ev¯Ívevq‡b Av‡cvlnxb nIqv I Avjvni Dci wbf©i nIqv|
13. QvÎRxeb, Kg©Rxeb I K¨vwiqvi

 QvÎRxebt
1. Rxe‡bi cÖ¯‘wZ mgqB n‡jv QvÎRxeb
2. GB mgqB n‡”Q gy³ wPš—v ev gy³ ¯^”Q g‡bi gyûZ©
3. GB mgqB QvÎRxeb‡K m¤cÖmvib Kivi Dchy³ mgq
4. weKwkZ Kivi gyûZ©| we‡kl fv‡e wb‡R‡K bvwm©s Ki‡Z n‡e
5. wk¶v I ÁvbvR©‡bi †kªô mgq| GUv‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡Z n‡e
6. †`k I RvwZ MV‡bi Dchy³ eqm
7. K¨vwiqvi MV‡bi mgq
8. wb‡Ri Rxeb‡K k„sLjve× Kivi GUvB Dchy³ mgq|
 Kg©Rxebt
1. Kg©Rxeb n‡”Q QvÎRxe‡bi cÖ¯w‘ Zi mgwó 5. cvwievwiK bvbv mgm¨vi m¤§ywLb n‡Z n‡e
ev¯—eZv 6. bvMwiK `vwqZ¡
2. ev¯—e Rxe‡b cÖ‡ek 7. mxwgZ Av‡qi g‡a¨ mKj wKQzB cwiPvjbv
3. ¯¿x-cyÎ, msmvi Rxe‡b cÖ‡ek 8. e„nËi Av‡›`vj‡bi mvsMVwbK `vwqZ¡ cvjb
4. mvgvwRKZv 9. †eKvi‡Z¡i Awfkvc
 K¨vwiqvit K¨vwiqvi kãwU Bs‡iRx kã, hvi A_© nj †ckv, mgMÖ Rxe‡bi mKj ch©v‡qi DbœwZi Rb¨ †h cÖwµqv Zv‡K
K¨vwihvi e‡j|
 K¨vwiqv‡ii ¸i“Z¡t
1. mdj Bmjvgx wec‡ei Rb¨ K¨vwiqvi 4. Avš—R©vwZK P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ K¨vwiqvi
2. `ywbqvq gh©v`vi mv‡_ Rxeb hvcb Kivi Rb¨ 5. mwVK wm×vš— MÖn‡bi Rb¨ K¨vwiqvi cÖ‡qb
K¨vwiqvi MVb Kiv ìKvi 6. GKwU AvZœ gh©v`v m¤úbœ RvwZ MV‡bi Rb¨
3. mvgvwRK ¸i“Z¡ I gh©v`v cvIqvi Rb¨ 7. ivR‰bwZKfv‡e †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ K¨vwiqvi
 K¨vwiqv‡ii wewfbœ w`Kt
1. cÖkvmb 4. K…wl wefvM
2. wePvi wefvMxq 5. AvBwU †cÖvMÖvg wkL‡Z n‡e
3. wk¶v K¨vWvi 6. †mbvevwnbx
36
7. mvsevw`KZv 9. Wv³vi
8. AvBbwe`
 K¨vwiqvi wKfv‡e MVb Ki‡Z n‡e
1. †jLvcov/ cvV¨ cy¯—K
2. mg‡qi mwVK eënvi
3. QvÎRxe‡bB fwel¨r j¶¨ wba©vib Ki‡Z n‡e
Bmjvgx wec‡ei Rb¨ K¨vwiqvi| wecex †PZbvi Rb¨B K¨vwiqvi MVb Ki‡Z n‡e|
14. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjbt Cgv‡bi Acwinvh© `vex
 f~wgKvt
gnvb Avjvni ïKwiqv whwb Avgv‡ì‡K ïay m„wó K‡iB mvaviY Rx‡ei g‡Zv c„w_ex‡Z †cÖiY K‡ibwb, eis Zvi cÖwZwbwa
wn‡m‡e mgMÖ c„w_ex cwiPvjbvi RbÏ evQvB K‡i‡Qb|
Avjvn Zvqvjv e‡jb,
ÒAvwg c„w_ex‡Z Avgvi cÖwZwbwa †cÖiY Ki‡Z PvBÓ (myiv evKviv- 30) |
Ò‡MvUv c„w_ex‡Z Avwg m„wó K‡iwQ gvbeRvwZi eënv‡ii Rb¨ (evKviv- 29)|
 myZivs Avgv‡ì cwiPq n‡jvt
1. gvbyl 3. Avjvni †cÖwiZ 4. m„wói †miv Rxe
2. gymjgvb cÖwZwbwa 5. GKRb QvÎ
 wKQy welq Avgiv cÖ_‡gB †R‡b wbet
1. Cgvb wK 3. Av‡›`vjb wK
2. Bmjvg gv‡b wK 4. Bmjvgx ej‡Z wK eySvq BZ¨vw`|
 Cgvbt
Cgvb Aviwe kã| Gi A_© n‡jv wek¦vm| kvwãK A_© mZ¨ e‡j ¯^xKvi Kiv| Cgv‡bi Av‡iKwU A_© n‡jv Ò mZ¨ e‡j wek¦vm
¯’vcb KivÓ| mivmwi Ávb (Direct Knowledge) n‡jv ÒInxÓ| GwU AwZ mvgvb¨ e‡jB gvbyl eû wel‡q wek¦v‡mi
(Indirect Knowledge) gva¨‡g wm×všÍ wb‡Z eva¨ nq| †hgbt
K. UvKv avi †`qv N. K…l‡Ki Rwg‡Z dmj djv‡bv
L. Wv³v‡ii †`qv Jlya LvIqv O. mv¶¨ cÖgv‡bi wfwË‡Z wePvi‡Ki ivq cÖ`vb
M. †jLvcovi A¶i †Pbvi ‡¶‡Î P. †QvU †ejvq gv Zvi †Q‡j‡K wcZv wPwb‡q †`qv|
myZivs ejv hvq, †hme wel‡q Bw›`ª‡qi mvnv‡h¨ mivmwi Rvbvi Dcvq †bB †mBme wel‡q c‡iv¶ hyw³i gva¨‡g wm×všÍ †bqvi
bvg Òwek¦vmÓ| hvi Ab¨ A_© Cgvb| GKRb gymwjg‡K 7wU wel‡q wek¦vm ¯’vcb Ki‡Z nq| †hgbt
1. Avj-vni cÖwZ 5. Avmgvwb wKZve mg~‡ni cÖwZ
2. ivmyjM‡Yi cÖwZ 6. ZvKw`‡ii cÖwZ
3. ‡d‡i¯Ív‡ì cÖwZ 7. c~bi“Ìv‡bi cÖwZ
4. Av‡Liv‡Zi cÖwZ
Gme wel‡q Cgvb Avbv cÖ‡Z¨K gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ KZ©e¨|
 Bmjvgt
Bmjvg kãwU Aviwe ÒwmjgybÓ avZz n‡Z G‡m‡Q hvi A_© kvwšÍ, Pzw³ ev mwÜ| cvwifvwlK A_© AvbyMZ¨Kiv ev AvZ¥mgc©Y
Kiv| mvgwMÖKfv‡e ejv hvq, KziAvb I mybœvn Gi h_vh_ AbymiY Ges wecixZ hZ gZ ev c_ i‡q‡Q Zvi mewKQy‡K eR©b
K‡i Pjvi bvg Bmjvg|
Avjvn Zvqvjv e‡jb
Ò‡Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ GKgvÎ Rxeb eë¯’vi bvg BmjvgÓ (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb-19)|
 Av‡›`vjbt Av‡›`vjb kãwU Aviwe nvivKvZzb n‡Z G‡m‡Q| hvi A_© Movement ev bovPov Kiv, Osliation
BZ¨vw`|
mvaviY A‡_© †Kvb `vex-`vIqv cÖwZôv ev Av`v‡qi Rb¨ Ges †Kvb wKQy i` ev evwZ‡ji Rb¨ wKQy †jv‡Ki msNe× bovPov ev
D‡`¨vM MÖnY‡K Av‡›`vjb e‡j| mvgwMÖK iƒc n‡jv, cÖwZwôZ †Kvb wKQy‡K AcmviY K‡i †mLv‡b bZzb wKQy Kv‡qg ev Pvjy
Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ cwiPvwjZ msNe× cÖ‡Póv ev cÖvYvšÍKi †Póv| GK K_vq ejv hvq, mywbw`©ó j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ nvwm‡ji Rb¨
cwiPvwjZ msNe× cÖ‡Póv ev msMÖvg mvabvi bvg Av‡›`vjb|
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjbt
37
gvbe iwPZ AvBb I Amr †jv‡Ki kvmb n‡Z gvbeZv‡K gy³ K‡i †mLv‡b Avjvni AvBb Ges mr †jv‡Ki kvmb cÖwZôvi
†h cÖvYvšÍKi cÖ‡Póv Zv‡K Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb e‡j|
 wRnv` wd mvwewjjvn ev Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi AšÍf©~³ KvRt
1. `vIqvZ Bjvj-vn 4. BKvg‡Z Øxb
2. kvnv`vZ Avjvbœvm 5. Avgi wej gvÕi“d, ‡bnx Avwbj gybKvi
3. wKZvj wd mvwewjj-vn
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb ‡Kb cÖ‡qvRbt

1. Cgv‡bi `vex c~i‡bi Rb¨| cÖwZwbwa wnmv‡e Avjvni Rgx‡b Zvi weavb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ (m~iv evKviv-30, m~iv
ZvIev-111)
ÒAvwg c„w_ex‡Z Avgvi cÖwZwbwa †cÖiY Ki‡Z PvBÓ -- evKviv 30|
ÒAvjvn gywgb‡ì Rvb I gvj Lwi` K‡i wb‡q‡Qb Rvbœv‡Zi wewbg‡qÓ-- ZvIev 111|
2.Avjvni wb‡`©k cvj‡bi Rb¨ (†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ GK`j †jvK _vK‡Z n‡e hviv... Av‡j Bgivb-104, m~iv BDmyd
108, Avj Avbdvj-39)
Ò‡Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ Ggb GKwU `j Aek¨B _vK‡Z n‡e hviv gvbyl‡K Kj¨v‡Yi w`‡K Avnvb Rvbv‡e, mZ¨ I b¨vq Kv‡R evav
†`‡e Avi Amr Kv‡R evav †`‡e Avi GivB n‡e mdjKvgÓ -- Av‡j Bgivb 104|
Ò‡n bex, G‡ì e‡j `vI, G n‡”Q Avgvi c_, Avwg gvbyl‡ì Avjvni c‡_ Avnevb KwiÓ -- BDm~d 108|
Ò‡n Cgvb`viMY, †Zvgiv Kv‡di‡ì wei“‡× jovB Ki‡Z _v‡Kv hZ¶b bv †dZbv `~wif~Z nq Avi Øxb m¤ú~Y©fv‡e
Avjvni Rb¨ wbw`©ó n‡q hvqÓ- Avbdvj 39|
3. Avjvni Avnvb †cuŠ‡Q †`qvi Rb¨| (Avb bvnj-125, nv-gxg-Avm mvR`v- 33)
ÒWvK Zzwg †Zvgvi cÖfyi w`‡K cÖÁv I m`yc‡`k w`‡q Avi weZK© K‡iv DËg cš’vvqÓ -- bvnj 125|
ÒZvi K_vi †P‡q Avi Kvi K_v DËg †h gvbyl‡ì‡K Avjvni c‡_ Wv‡K Avi †Nvlbv K‡i Avwg gymjgvbÓ -- nvgxg Avm
†mR`v 33|
4. m‡Zï mv¶x nIqvi Rb¨|
Ò†n Cgvb‡ìMY! †Zvgiv Avjvni Rb¨ m‡Zï mv¶x n‡q `vovIÓ (gv‡q`v-8)
Òhvi Kv‡Q †Kvb mv¶ i‡q‡Q Avi †m hw` Zv †Mvcb K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi PvB‡Z Avi eo Rv‡jg †K n‡Z cv‡iÓ evKviv-140)
5. gybvwdwKi g„Zÿ n‡Z AvZ¥i¶vi Rb¨|
6. RvbœvZ jv‡fi Avkvq| (ZvIev-111)
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb bv Kivi cwibvgt
1. Cgvb`viMY c„ô cÖ`k©Y Ki‡j Zvi ¯’‡j Avjvn Ab¨ `j Pvwc‡q w`‡eb|
(Avj gv‡q`v-54)
Ò‡n Cgvb`viMY! †Zvgv‡ì wK n‡q‡Q †h, hLb †Zvgv‡ì‡K Avjvni c‡_ †ewi‡q co‡Z ejv nq ZLb †Zvgiv
gvwU AvuK‡o c‡o _vK| †Zvgiv wK `ywbqvi wR‡›`Mx wb‡qB Lywk _vK‡Z PvI? A_P `ywbqvi G cvw_© e Rxeb ‡Zv
Av‡Liv‡Zi Zzjbvq LyeB mvgvb¨| hw` †Zvgiv †ei bv nI Zvn‡j Avjvn †Zvgv‡ì RvqMvq Ab¨ RvwZ‡K my‡hvM
K‡i †`‡eb| Avi †Zvgiv Zvi †Kvb ¶wZ Ki‡Z cvi‡ebv| Avjvn †Zv mewKQyi Dc‡i ¶gZvkxj I KZ…‡© Z¡i
AwaKvixÓ| (ZvIevt 38-39)
2. AbšÍ Kv‡ji Avhve MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
15. Av`k© Kg©xi fvimvg¨c~Y© Rxeb

 Avgv‡ì cwiPqt
1. Avjvni ev›`v 3. Avjvni Kv‡Q cÖ`Ë cÖwZkÖ“wZ Rvb I gv‡ji
2. Avj-vni Lwjdv wewbg‡q RvbœvZ
4. Revew`nxZvi Ab~fywZ
 Kg©xi cwRkb 4wUt
1. Bgvb 2. gymwjg 3. gyËvKx 4. gynwmb
 Av`k© Kg©xi g~j j¶¨ Avj-vni Øxb cÖwZôv  wi‡cvwU©s wm‡÷g `‡ji Ab¨Zg ‰ewkó¨
 Av`k© Kg©xi Ab¨Zg êwkó¨ AYycg PwiÎ  fvimvg¨ i¶vi Rb¨ wi‡cvU© e¨v‡ivwgUvi ¯îƒc
 me‡P‡q eo †hvM¨Zv n‡jv-Avg‡j mv‡jn  mg‡qi mØënvi
38
 mg‡qi KvR mg‡q Kiv DwPZ  ga¨g cš’v Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e
 w`‡bi KvR w`‡bB Kiv  evovevwo cwinvi Ki‡Z n‡e
 h_vwbq‡g AvZœmgv‡jvPbv Kiv DwPr  gvmqvjv-gvmv‡q‡ji wewfbœ cv_©K¨¸‡jv wfbœ `„wófsMx‡Z
 Ac‡ii mgv‡jvPbv bv Kiv bv †`Lv
 ciwb›`v, ciPP©v, MxeZ, †PvMjLyix Z¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e  fvlv, AvPib, †cvlvK-cwi”Q`, BZ¨v`x ¸wQ‡q ivLv
 wiqv Avkªq bv †Ìqv  mvgvwRKZvq AskMÖnY Kiv
 cwikªg wcÖqZv GKwU eo ¸Y  m‡e©vcwi Avjvni Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Kiv \
 KómwnÂZvi Pig civKvôv †`Lv‡bv
 wb‡Ri `¶Zv e„w×i cvkvcvwk †Lv`vi Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv
16. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi KvswLZ †gRvR I cwi‡ek
 msMV‡bi Dcv`vb 3wUt
1. †bZ…Z¡ 2. Rbkw³ 3. Kvh©wewa
 Bmjvg n‡jvt
1. Bmjvg GKwU cwic~Y© ag© 3. Bmjvg GKwU Rxeb eë¯’v
2. Bmjvg n‡”Q kvwšÍi ag© 4. Bmjvg GKwU
 Bmjvgx msMVbt †h msN Avjvni Øxb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ KvR K‡i Zv‡K Bmjvgx msMVb e‡j|
 Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Dcv`vbt
1. Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡ 3. Bmjvgx cwiPvjbv wewa
2. Bmjvgx Kg©x evwnbx
 cwi‡e‡ki msÁvt msMV‡bi cwi‡ek wbf©i K‡i msMV‡bi †bZv I Kg©xi cvi¯úvwiK cÖ‡Póvi Dci|
 j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨, Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZi Av‡jv‡K gvbyl †h Kg©ZrciZv Pvjvq Zv‡Z GKUv Ae¯’v m„wó nq G‡KB e‡j
cwi‡ek|
 Bmjvgx msMV‡bi cwi‡ekt ZvInx`, wimvjvZ I AvwLivZ ev Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x wn‡m‡e j¶¨ D‡Ïk¨, Kg©m~Px
I Kg©c×wZi Av‡jv‡K †h Kg©ZrciZv Pvjvq Zv‡Z †h cwi‡ek Gi m„wó nq Zv‡K Bmjvgx msMV‡bi cwi‡ek e‡j|
 †bZv I Kg©xi gv‡S KvswLZ ¸Yvejx AR©‡bi gva¨‡g †h cwi‡e‡ki m„wó nq Zv‡K Bmjvgx msMV‡bi cwi‡ek e‡j|
 †Kvb cwi‡ek †gv‡ì Kvg¨t
o RvbœvwZ cwi‡ekt ZwU
1. Av‡Liv‡Zi Kj¨v‡Yi wPšÍv 3. mKj KvR Avjvni mš‘wói Rb¨
2. `ywbqvwe ¯^v_©Z¨v‡Mi gvbwmKZv
4.
 KvswLZ cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ †bZvi ¸Yvejxt
1. ÁvbMZ †hvM¨Zv 6. mg‡qvc‡hvMx wm×všÍ MÖn‡bi †hvM¨Zv
2. h_vh_ k„sLjv weav‡bi †hvM¨Zv 7. Da©Zb msMV‡bi h_vh_ AvbyMZ¨
3. cwiPvjbvi †hvM¨Zv 8. mvwe©K w`K †_‡K msMV‡bi MwZkxj Kiv †hvM¨Zv
4. Rbkw³i gv‡S ga¨gwY nIqv AR©b
5. Kg©xi †cÖiYvi Drm nIqv
9. mvgwMÖK Kv‡R fvimvg¨ i¶vt Gi Rb¨
 mg‡qi mØënvi  Kg K_v †ewk KvR
 cwikªgwcÖqZv  5 N›Uvi †ewk Nygv‡bv hv‡e bv
 Kg©x evwnbxi KvswLZ gv‡bi ¸Yvejxt
1. Awc©Z KvR h_vh_fv‡e cvjb 3. msMV‡bi m¤cÖmvi‡b c~Y©v½ AskMÖnY
2. ÁvbvR©b 4. gv‡bvbœq‡bi †c‡ikvbx
 mvgwMÖK cwi‡ek i¶v‡_© KiYxqt
1. cvi¯úvwiK m¤úK© 7. civgk© wfwËK KvR
2. ci¯ú‡ii Kj¨vY Kvgbv 8. civg‡k©i e¨vcv‡i †R` bv Kiv
3. ci¯ú‡ii †`vqv Kvgbv 9. Gn‡ZQve/MVbg~jK mgv‡jvPbv, myiv
4. Av‡`k I AvbyM‡Zï fvimvg¨ ZvIevn-43
5. Av‡`k n‡e wgwó fvlvq 10. `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b cÖwZ‡hvwMZv
6. fv‡jv Kv‡Ri ¯^xK…wZ 11. †Kvgj AvPib
39
12. mvgwMÖKfv‡e k„sLjv i¶v, m~iv b~i-65 (QywU 16. m¤ú‡K©i mxgv j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e
msµvšÍ) 17. gvbweK `~e©jZv gy³
13. Revew`nxZvi Abyf~wZ m„wó 18. mvg_© Abyhvqx AvPib Kiv
14. MxeZ bv Kiv 19. evwn¨K AvPib, Avf¨šÍixb AvPib AYyhvqx
15. m¤ú‡K©i ZviZg¨ Kiv hv‡e bv Ki‡Z n‡e \
17. K¨vwiqvi MVb I Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb

 K¨vwiqvi (Career )t
Career Gi AvwfavwbK A_© n‡”Q- Rxe‡bi c‡_ AMÖMwZ, Rxebvqb, weKvkµg, RxweKv AR©‡bi Dcvq ev e„wË|
Cambridge International Dictionary of English – G K¨vwiqv‡ii †h msMv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv n‡jvt Òwk¶v ev
cÖwk¶‡Yi wfwË‡Z AwR©Z Ggb GK Kg© †hLv‡b mgMÖ Kg©Rxe‡b ¸bMZ Ges AwfÁZv m¤úwK©Z DË‡ivËi m¤§„w× Av‡m,
`vwq‡Z¡i e¨vcKZv e„w× cvq Ges Rxeb hvc‡b ch©vß A‡_©i wbwðqZv _v‡K| Rxe‡bi av‡c av‡c AMÖmi nIqvi bvg
K¨vwiqvi| Ab¨fv‡e ejv hvq, mgMÖ Rxeb e¨vcx AMÖMwZi bvg n‡”Q K¨vwiqvi|
Career is progress through life.
Is there any difference between Career and Profession, Answer- YES.
 K¨vwiqvi cvwbs †Kb (Why Career Planning)t
1. Awfó j¶¨ cv‡b †cuŠQv‡bvi Rb¨ (To reach the final destination)
2. m‡e©v”P P~uovq DVvi Rb (Going to the top)
3. mdj Rxeb hvc‡bi Rb¨ (To lead a successful life)|
 K¨vwiqvi c-vwbs c×wZ (System of Career Planning )t
1. AvZ¥cÖK…wZ hvPvB
2. ‡ckv wbe©vP‡bi Dcvq (wb‡qvwRZ e¨w³‡ì mv‡_ civgk©, KvDwÝj‡ì †_‡K civgk©)
3. ‡ckv wbw`©ó KiY (m¤¢ve¨ †ckv wbw`©ó Kiv, g~j¨vqY Kiv, e¨wZµg mg~n‡K cix¶v-wbix¶v Kiv)
4. ‡ckv AR©‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY (AwZwi³ cÖwk¶Y, †KŠkj †LvuRv)
 K¨vwiqvi t ¯Íi web¨vm (Stage of Career)t
1. ¯^cœgq ¯Íi (ïi“ ‡_‡K 25 eQi ch©šÍ) 3. gaëZ©x ¯Íi (35†_‡K 55 eQi ch©šÍ )
2. cÖwZôvi ¯Íi (25 †_‡K 35 eQi ch©šÍ) 4. w¯’wZ ¯Íi (55†_‡K g„Zÿ ch©šÍ )
 K¨vwiqvi t MvQ (Career Tree)t
weÁvbt Wv³vi, BwÄwbqvi, wk¶K, weÁvbx, dvg©vwm÷, K¨vwg÷/ev‡qvK¨vwg÷, cwimsL¨vbwe`, K…wl Kg©KZv© BZ¨vw`|
evwYR¨t eë¯’vcK, wnmvei¶K, wk¶K, PvU©vW© GKvD‡›U›U BZ¨vw`|
Kjvt AvBbwe`, wk¶K, mvsevw`K, ‡jLK, Av‡jg, RR BZ¨vw`|
mvgvwRK weÁvbt A_©bxwZwe`, ivóªweÁvbx, wk¶K, g‡bvweÁvbx, mgvR‡mev Kg©KZ©v, AvšÍR©vwZK msMV‡bi wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v,
GbwRI Gi wbe©vnx Kg©KZ©v BZ¨vw`|
mKj MÖ“ct wmwfj, wgwjUvix, cywjk, wbe©vnx KZ©KZ©v, we‡`kx PvKzix, wgwWqv, eëmv, e¨vsKvi BZ¨vw`|
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjbt
gvbe iwPZ AvBb I Amr †jv‡Ki kvmb n‡Z gvbeZv‡K gy³ K‡i †mLv‡b Avjvni AvBb Ges mr †jv‡Ki kvmb cÖwZôvi
†h cÖvYvšÍKi cÖ‡Póv Zv‡K Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb e‡j|
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb ‡Kb cÖ‡qvRbt
1. Cgv‡bi `vex c~i‡bi Rb¨| cÖwZwbwa wnmv‡e Avjvni Rgx‡b Zvi weavb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ (m~iv evKviv-30, m~iv
ZvIev-111)
2. Avjvni wb‡`©k cvj‡bi Rb¨ (†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ GK`j †jvK _vK‡Z n‡e hviv... Av‡j Bgivb-104, m~iv BDmyd
108, Avj Avbdvj-39)
3. Avjvni Avnvb †cuŠ‡Q †`qvi Rb¨| (Avb bvnj-125, nv-gxg-Avm mvR`v- 33)
4. m‡Zï mv¶x nIqvi Rb¨|
5. Ò†n Cgvb‡ìMY! †Zvgiv Avjvni Rb¨ m‡Zï mv¶x n‡q `vovIÓ gv‡q`v-8
40
6. Òhvi Kv‡Q †Kvb mv¶ i‡q‡Q Avi †m hw` Zv †Mvcb K‡i Zvn‡j Zvi PvB‡Z Avi eo Rv‡jg †K n‡Z cv‡IÓ
evKviv-140)
7. gybvwdwKi g„Zÿ n‡Z AvZ¥i¶vi Rb¨|
8. RvbœvZ jv‡fi Avkvq| (ZvIev-111)
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb bv Kivi cwibvgt
1. Cgvb`viMY c„ô cÖ`k©Y Ki‡j Zvi ¯’‡j Avjvn Ab¨ `j Pvwc‡q w`‡eb| (Avj gv‡q`v-54)
2. `ywbqvi GB Rxeb Av‡Liv‡Zi Zzjbvq LyeB mvgvb¨|
Ò‡n Cgvb`viMY! †Zvgv‡ì wK n‡q‡Q †h, hLb †Zvgv‡ì‡K Avjvni c‡_ †ewi‡q co‡Z ejv nq ZLb †Zvgiv gvwU AvuK‡o
c‡o _vK| †Zvgiv wK `ywbqvi wR‡›`Mx wb‡qB Lywk _vK‡Z PvI? A_P `ywbqvi G cvw_©e Rxeb ‡Zv Av‡Liv‡Zi Zzjbvq LyeB
mvgvb¨| hw` †Zvgiv †ei bv nI Zvn‡j Avjvn †Zvgv‡ì RvqMvq Ab¨ RvwZ‡K my‡hvM K‡i †`‡eb| Avi †Zvgiv Zvi
†Kvb ¶wZ Ki‡Z cvi‡ebv| Avjvn †Zv mewKQyi Dc‡i ¶gZvkxj I KZ…©‡Z¡i AwaKvixÓ| (ZvIevt 38-39)
 Av‡›`vjb Dc‡hvwM K¨vwiqvi t
1. wbe©vnx wefvM (mwPe, Avgjv) 7. mvsevw`KZv
2. kvmb wefvM (wWwm, Gmwc) 8. AvBbwe`
3. wePvi wefvM (wePviK) 9. eëmvqx
4. ‡mbvevwnbx 10. Wv³vi
5. Z_¨-cÖhyw³we` 11. BwÄwbqvi
6. weÁvbx
 evsjv‡`‡k Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Ae¯’vbt
1. cÖkvm‡b ‡jvK †bB 4. ‡mbvevwnbx‡Z †jvK Kg
2. mgvR cwieZ©‡bi g‡Zv †jv‡Ki msL¨v LyeB Kg 5. e¨vcK MYRvMib GLbI nqwb|
3. ‡gavex I †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ †jvK msL¨v Kg
 K¨vwiqvi MV‡bi Dcvqt
1. cvV¨cy¯‡Í Ki cÖwZ Mfxi gb‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e 4. wbqgvbyeZ©x nIqv
2. mg‡qi mwVK eënvi 5. wek¦cwiw¯’wZ m¤ú‡K© Rvbv
3. fvlv Ávb wk¶v (Bs‡iRx, Aviex mv‡_ mv‡_ 6. mvBÝ GÛ †UK‡bvjwR m¤ú‡K© Rvbv
evsjv) 7. Bmjvg I AvaywbK Áv‡bi mgš^q mvab Kiv|
g‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h, Bmjvgx mgvR wewbg©v‡bi Rb¨B K¨vwiqvi| ZvB mgvR wewbg©v‡bi wPšÍv e¨vwZ‡i‡K K¨vwiqvi MV‡bi
ìKvi ‡bB|
gvSvwi eqm Kv‡ji GKwU Rxe‡b mgq AwZevwnZ Kv‡ji PvU©t
KvR mgq ‡Mvmj Lvbvq e¨wqZ mgq 6 gvm
RyZvi wdZv †e‡ua 8w`b eB c‡o 2 eQi
UªvwdK jvB‡Ui w`‡K ZvwK‡q 1 gvm LvIqv-`vIqvi mgq 4 eQi
bvwc‡Zi †`vKv‡b e¨wqZ mgq 1 gvm RxweKv DcvR©‡b e¨wqZ mgq 9 eQi
‡Uwj‡dv‡bi Wvqvj Nywo‡q 1 gvm ‡Uwjwfkb †`‡L 10 eQi
eo kn‡i wjd‡U P‡o 3 gvm Nywg‡q 20 eQi
wb‡Ri `vuZ †g‡R 3 gvm
kn‡i ev‡mi Rb¨ `vuwo‡q 5 gvm
18. kc‡_i Av‡jv‡K Avgv‡ì Rxeb

fywgKvt
 evBqvZ ev kc_ Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© cwifvlv|
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mdjZvi Rb¨ evBqv‡Zi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ab¯^xKvh©|
 ivmyj (mv.) Gi KvQ †_‡K mvnvexMY wewfbœ mgq wewfbœfv‡e evBqvZ wb‡q‡Qb|
o AvKvevi kc_ o û`vqweqvi kc_ o g°v weRq
wet `ªt beyq¨‡Zi 11 Zg eQ‡i --- 6 Rb
41
beyq¨‡Zi 12 Zg eQ‡i --- 6 Rb
beyq¨‡Zi 13 Zg eQ‡i --- 75 Rb (73 Rb cyi“l, 2 gwnjv)|
hy‡×i cÖv°v‡j mvnvexiv ivmyj (mv.) Gi Kv‡Q evBqvZ wb‡Zb|
ivmyj (mv.) Gi Idv‡Zi ciI gymjgvbiv Zvi ¯’jvwfwl‡³i wbKU evBqvZ
wb‡q‡Qb|
AvR‡Ki hy‡MI †Kvb wece ev Av`k© ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨ †h †Kvb ch©v‡q kc‡_i
cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q|
AvaywbK ivóª eë¯’v‡ZI kc‡_i weavb Av‡Q| ‡hgbt ‡cÖwm‡W›U, cÖavbgš¿x,
¯úxKvi, gš¿x, wePvicwZ, wbe©vPb Kwgkbvi, msm` m`m¨ BZ¨vw`|
gymwjg mgv‡RI cxi‡ì/AvIwjqv‡ì nv‡Z evBqv‡Zi c×wZ Av‡Q|
gymjgvb‡ì mvgwôK Rxeb cwiPvjbvi fvi hvi Dci b¨v¯— Kiv nq Zvi nv‡Z
evBqvZ †bqv Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m e¨vcKfv‡e ¯^xK„Z|
‡gvU K_v evBqvZ gymwjg D¤§vni GKwU mw¤§wjZ KvR hv †Kvb hy‡MB ev` _v‡Kwb|
 evBqv‡Zi ev kc‡_i A_©t
evBqvZ k‡ãi DrcwË Aviwe †_‡K hvi A_© †Kbv-‡ePv, †jb-‡`b, µq-weµq BZ¨vw`| evBqv‡Zi Bs‡iRx cÖwZkã mg~n
n‡jvt Agreement, Arrangement, Business, Deal, Contact, Commercial Transaction, Bargain,
Sale, Purchase etc.
cvwifvwlK A‡_©-- Pzw³, A½xKvi, eëmv, m¤úK©, †hvMv‡hvM, evwYwR¨K ‡jb‡`b, Av‡jvPbv-ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv, weµq, µq
BZ¨vw`| g~jZt weµq Kivi KvRwUB evBqvZ bv‡g AwfwnZ nq| evBqvZ weµq Kiv| cvwifvwlK A_© Kv‡iv nvZ aviY
K‡i †Kvb wel‡q A½xKvi Kiv| GB A½xKvi mvaviYZ AvbyMZ¨, wek¦vm ev Kv‡Ri A½xuKvi n‡q _v‡K| ivmyj (mv.) GB
c×wZ‡Z mvnvex‡ì wbKU n‡Z Bmjv‡gi, wRnv‡ì A_ev DËg Kv‡Ri A½xKvi MÖnY Ki‡Zb|
 mv_xt
hviv ev whwb wb‡Ri my‡L Ges `yt‡L me©ve¯’vq Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ GKvZ¥Zv †Nvlbv K‡i GKmv‡_ _v‡Kb Ges †h‡Kvb
cwiw¯’wZ‡ZB wZwb AMÖYx f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib Zv‡KB mv_x ejv n‡q _v‡K| nhiZ Avey eKi, nhiZ Avjx, knx` Avãyj
gv‡jK BZ¨vw`|
 KziAv‡b evBqvZ k‡ãi eënvit
1. †ePv-‡Kbv/ †jb‡`b A‡_© --
Ò‡n Cgvb`viMY! RygAvi w`‡b hLb †Zvgv‡ì bvgv‡Ri Rb¨ WvKv n‡e ZLb †Zvgiv (bvgv‡Ri gva¨‡g) Avjvni ¯§i‡Yi
w`‡K `ª“Z MwZ‡Z GwM‡q hvI| Avi †Kbv-‡ePv †Q‡o `vI, GUvB †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ DËg, hw` †Zvgiv Zv Dcjw× Ki‡Z
cvi|Ó (m~iv RygAv- 9)|
ÒAvi Zviv Ggb †jvK, eëmv-evwYR¨ Zv‡ì KL‡bvI Avjvn †_‡K Mv‡dj K‡i †`qbv| †ePv-‡Kbv Zv‡ì‡K Avjvni
¯§iY, bvgvR cÖwZôv I hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv‡_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z †`qbv| Zviv †mw`‡bi fq K‡i †hw`b Zv‡ì Aš—i I `„wókw³
fxZ-wenj n‡q co‡e|Ó (m~iv Avb b~i- 37)|
2. Pzw³ A‡_©- Rvbœv‡Zi wewbg‡q Rvb-gvj Drm‡M©i Pzw³ --
ÒwbðqB Avjvn gywgb‡ì Rvb Ges gvj Lwi` K‡i wb‡q‡Qb Rvbœv‡Zi wewbg‡q| Zviv Avjvni c‡_ msMÖvg K‡i,
KL‡bv Zviv Kv‡di‡ì nZ¨v K‡i Avevi KL‡bv Zv‡ì nv‡Z kvnv`vZ eiY K‡i| GB Iqv`v ZvIivZ I BwÄ‡j Kiv
n‡q‡Q Avi GLb KziAv‡bI Kiv n‡”Q| GB Iqv`v cvjb Kiv Avjvni wbR¯^ `vwqZ¡ Avi Iqv`v cvj‡b Avjvni PvB‡Z
†K †ekx m¶g? AZGe †n gywgbMY, †Zvgiv Avjvni mv‡_ †Kbv-‡ePvi KvRwU m¤úbœ K‡iv Avi Avbw›`Z nI| Avi
GwUB n‡”Q gnv mvdj¨Ó (m~iv AvZ ZvIev- 111)|
3. mve©‡fŠg kw³i AvbyM‡Zï kc_ --
Òwbtm‡›`‡n hviv AvR †Zvgvi Kv‡Q evBqvZ MÖnY K‡i‡Q Zviv cÖKvivš—‡i Avjvni Kv‡Q evBqvZ MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Zv‡ì
nv‡Zi Dci Avjvn Zvqvjvi KzìwZ wQj| Zv‡ì †KD hw` GB evBqvZ f½ K‡i Zvn‡j Gi cwibvg Zvi wb‡Ri DciB
G‡m co‡e| Avi Avjvn Zvi Dci †h cÖwZkÖ“wZ w`‡q‡Qb Zv †h †m c~Y© K‡i, wZwb AwP‡iB Zv‡K gnv cyi¯‹vi `vb
Ki‡eb|Ó (m~iv Avj dvZvn-10)|
4. evBqvZ A_© Avj-vni gwR©gZ Pjv --
Ò †n bex! hLb †Kvb Cgvb`vi bvix †Zvgvi Kv‡Q Avm‡e Ges GB e‡j †Zvgvi Kv‡Q AvbyM‡Zï kc_ Ki‡e- Zviv Avj-vni
mv‡_ KvD‡K kwiK Ki‡ebv, Pzwi Ki‡ebv, e¨vwfPvi Ki‡ebv, wb‡R‡ì mš—vb‡ì‡K nZ¨v Ki‡ebv, wbR nvZ I wbR cv‡qi
gvSLvb msµvš— welq (Z_v A‡bï JimRvZ mš—vb‡K wbR ¯^vgxi e‡j `vex Kivi ) gvivZ¥K Awf‡hv‡M Awfhy³ n‡q
42
Avm‡ebv Ges †Kvb mrKv‡R †Zvgvi bv digvwb Ki‡ebv, Zvn‡j Zzwg Zv‡ì AvbyMZ¨ MÖnY Ki Ges Zv‡ì c~e©eZ© x
K…ZKjv‡ci Rb¨ Avjvni Kv‡Q ¶gv PvI| Aek¨B Avjvn ¶gvkxj Ges cig `qvjy|Ó (m~iv Avj †gvgZv‡nbv- 12)|
5. g„Zzï kc_ --
1. û`vqweqvq - nhiZ Imgvb (iv.) Gi g„Zyï msev‡` gymjgvb‡ì Ae¯’v wQj GB, g‡i hve Zey Imgvb nZ¨vi e`jv
wbe|
2. gvndzR fvB- Pz‡q‡Ui mvg‡b AMÖmi nIqv gvÎ hv‡K ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kiv nq|
3. ‡gv¯—dv kIKZ Bgivb- Rxe‡b ïay GKwU †kvMvb wk‡LwQ - bviv‡q ZvKwei|
4. gyZvi hy‡× exi‡Z¡i cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb- hv‡q` Be‡b nv‡imv, Rvdi Be‡b Avwe Zvwje, Avãyjvn Be‡b ivIqvnv|
Rvdi Be‡b Avwe Zvwje
5. ‡ivgvb evwnbxi Af¨š—i ZQbQ K‡i †`b
6. Wvb Ges evg n‡Z wØ-LwÛZ
7. evû, eyK Ges gyL w`‡q cZvKv D‡Ëvjb
8. mviv †`‡n beBwU ¶Z wPý|
6. wRnv‡ì gq`v‡b AUj I AwePj _vKv --
ÒnhiZ Dgi (iv.) †K wRÁvmv Kiv n‡qwQj †Kvb wel‡qi Dci Avcbviv ‡mw`b evBqvZ MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb? wZwb ej‡jb
me‡ii Dci evBqvZ MÖnY K‡iwQjvg| Avgiv kc_ wb‡qwQjvg kÎ“ c¶ hZB kw³kvjx nDK bv †Kb Avgiv
wRnv‡ì Z¨vM K‡i P‡j hvebv|Ó (eyLvix)
Avey Rvb`vb web †mvnv‡qj -- û`vqweqvi mwÜi ci hv‡K ‡diZ cvVv‡bv nq|
nhiZ †ejvj, nhiZ Lveve, nhiZ LyevBe|
 evBqv‡Zi kiqx gh©v`v/¸i“Z¡t
1. Avjvni mš‘wói cqMvg -
ÒCgvb`viMY hLb Mv‡Qi bx‡P e‡m †Zvgvi nv‡Z evBqvZ MÖnY K‡iwQj, ZLb Avjvn Zvqvjv Zv‡ì g‡bi
(D‡ØMRwbZ) Ae¯’v fvj K‡iB Rvb‡Zb| ZvB wZwb Zv‡ì Dci gvbwmK cÖkvwš— bvwRj Ki‡jb Ges Avmbœ weRq
w`‡q Zv‡ì‡K cyi“¯‹…Z Ki‡jb|Ó (m~iv Avj dvZvn- 18)
2. Bmjvgx msMV‡bi wbKU evBqv‡Zi gva¨‡gB Avjvni wbKU evBqv‡Zi `vex c~iY K‡i -
Òivmyj (mv.) e‡j‡Qb, †h Avgvi AvbyMZ¨ Kij †m Avjvni AvbyMZ¨ Kij, Avi †h Avgvi AvbyMZ¨nxYZv ev Agvb¨ Kij
†m †hb Avjvn‡KB Agvb¨ Kij| ivmyj (mv.) Av‡iv e‡j‡Qb, †h e¨w³ Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨ Kij †m AvgviB
AvbyMZ¨ Kij Avi †h e¨w³ Avgx‡ii Aeva¨ n‡jv †m †hb AvgviB Aeva¨ n‡jv|Ó
3. Øx‡bi Rb¨ Rvb evRx ivLvi kc_ Cgv‡bi `vex --
ÒwbðqB Avjvn gywgb‡ì Rvb Ges gvj Lwi` K‡i wb‡q‡Qb Rvbœv‡Zi wewbg‡q|Ó (m~iv AvZ ZvIev- 111)
4. Avjvni fvjevmv AR©‡bi GKgvÎ Dcvq
Ò‡n ivm~j, Avcwb ejyb Zviv hw` Avjvn‡K fvjev‡m Ges Zvi AvbyMZ¨ K‡i Zvn‡j AvwgI Zv‡ì‡K fvjevme|Ó (m~iv)
5. evBqvZ Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi †cÖiYv--
1. MwZkxjZv m„wó K‡i 2. RvbevR Kg©x ˆZix K‡i
6. Øxb‡K weRqx Kivi Rb¨
7. bd‡mi IqvmIqvmv †_‡K evPuvi Rb¨
 evBqvZ bv Kivi cwibwZt
1. evBqvZ wenxb g„Zÿ Rvwnwjqv‡Zi g„Zy¨ --
2. wRnv‡ì evBqvZ †_‡K weiZ _vKv gybv‡dKxi j¶Y
3. AvbyM‡Zï kc_wenxb g„Zy¨ Rv‡njx g„Zy¨|
Ò‡h e¨w³ AvbyMZ¨ †_‡K `~‡i _vKj Ges RvgvqvZ †_‡K †ei n‡q †Mj †m Rvwnwjqv‡Zi g„Zy¨ eiY KijÓ|
 evBqv‡Zi Aš—ivqt
1. bdm -Òbvix RvwZ, mš—vb-mš‘wZ, Kvwo-Kvwo †mvbv-iƒcv, cQ›`mB †Nvov, M„ncvwjZ Rš‘ I hwg‡bi dmj (me
mgqB) gvbe mš—v‡bi Rb¨ †jvfbxq K‡i ivLv n‡q‡Q| Gme n‡”Q cvw_©e Rxe‡bi †fv‡Mi mvgMÖx gvÎ| ¯’vqx Rxe‡bi Avkªq
†Zv GKgvÎ Avjvni Kv‡QB i‡q‡Q|Ó (m~iv Avj Bgivb-14)
2. AvZ¥xq - ¯^Rb - Ò‡n bex e‡jv, hw` †Zvgv‡ì wcZv, †Zvgv‡ì fvB, †Zvgv‡ì cwievi cwiRb I †Zvgv‡ì AwR©Z ab-
m¤ú` Ges eëmv-evwYR¨, hv APj n‡q hv‡e e‡j †Zvgiv fq K‡iv, †Zvgv‡ì evoxNi mg~n, hv †Zvgiv GKvš—fv‡e Kvgbv
K‡iv, G¸‡jv hw` Avjvn Zvqvjv, Zvi ivm~j Ges Zvi c‡_ wRnv` Kivi PvB‡Z †ekx fv‡jvev‡mv, Zvn‡j †Zvgiv Avjvni
43
c¶ †_‡K Avhv‡ei †Nvlbv Avmv ch©š— A‡c¶v K‡iv| †R‡b ivL Avjvn KL‡bv dv‡mK m¤cÖ`vq‡K ‡n`vqvZ K‡ib bv|Ó
(m~iv AvZ ZvIev- 24)
3. `ywbqvi †gvn - ÒI‡n ‡Zvgiv hviv Cgvb G‡bQ! G wK n‡jv †Zvgv‡ì? hLb †Zvgv‡ì Avjvni c‡_ †ei n‡Z ejv nq,
ZLb †Zvgiv hgxb AvKu‡o a‡iv, †Zvgiv wK Av‡Liv‡Zi m¤§„w×i Zzjbvq `ywbqvi Rxeb‡KB †ekx fvjev‡mv? A_P ciKv‡ji
Zzjbvq `ywbqvi GB Rxeb LyeB bMb¨|Ó (m~iv AvZ ZvIev- 38)
K‡qKRb mvnvex ZveyK hy‡× bv ‡h‡q GB KvR K‡iwQ‡jb - KvÕe web gvwjK, gyiviv web ivweqv, †njvj web DgvBqv|
 evBqvZ Kvi Kv‡Q wb‡Z n‡et
1. Avjvni Kv‡Q
2. ivmy‡ji Kv‡Q
3. Djyj Avg‡ii Kv‡Q
Òwbtm‡›`‡n hviv AvR †Zvgvi Kv‡Q evBqvZ MÖnY K‡i‡Q Zviv cÖKviš—‡i Avjvni Kv‡Q evBqvZ MÖnY K‡i‡Q| Zv‡ì
nv‡Zi Dci Avjvn Zvqvjvi KzìwZ wQj|Ó (dvZvn - 10)
 evBqv‡Zi KvVv‡gv ev c×wZt
1. Avmj evBqvZ Avjvni Kv‡Q
2. Avjvn‡K †`Lv hvq bv Zvi c‡iI Avjvni Kv‡QB evBqvZ wb‡Z nq
3. Avjvn Zvqvjv GB evBqvZ †bqvi Rb¨ hy‡M hy‡M bex-ivmyj cvwV‡q‡Qb
4. bex-ivmyj †n`v‡qZ †cŠwuQ‡q‡Qb - hviv †n`v‡qZ MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Zviv bex-ivmyj‡ì gva¨‡g Avjvni Kv‡Q evBqvZ
wb‡q‡Qb
5. ivmyj P‡j hvIqvi c‡i Pvi LwjdvMY evBqvZ w`‡q‡Qb
6. wimvjvZ, wLjvdZ †kl wKš‘ evBqv‡Zi e¨vcv‡i Kv‡iv wØgZ †bB, wØgZ ïay gvÎ c×wZMZ
7. evBqv‡Zi c×wZ 2wUt
1. e¨w³i Kv‡Q 2. msMV‡bi Kv‡Q|
 e¨w³i nv‡Z evBqvZt
 whwb AwaK Rv‡bb I gv‡bb- Ggb e¨w³i Kv‡Q  e¨w³i nv‡Z evBqvZ SywKc~Y©|
evBqvZ Rv‡qR
 evBqvZ - mewKQz †mvc`© K‡i †`qv
 msMV‡bi Kv‡Q evBqvZt
 Ggb `j hviv Øxb cÖwZôv Ki‡Z Pvq  fyj n‡j ms‡kva‡bi c×wZ Av‡Q
 KyiAvb mybœvn wfwËK Av`k©  GwU Zzjbvg~jK Kg SzwuKc~Y©|
 civgk© wfwËK `j
 Avgv‡ì evBqvZt
 msMV‡bi Kv‡Q - e¨w³i cwieZ©‡b AvbyM‡Zï cwieZ©b n‡e bv
 Pzovš— evBqvZ - m`m¨ kc_
 mv_x m`m¨ nIqvi c~e©kZ©
 ¯—i web¨vm ivmy‡ji Avg‡j wQjbv
- GwU AvaywbK c×wZ|
1. evBqvZ MÖnYKvix msMV‡bi êwkó¨t
1. c~Yv© ½ Øx‡bi `vIqvZ --
ÒAvR Avwg Avgvi Øxb‡K cwic~Y© K‡i w`jvg, †Zvgv‡ì Dci †bqvgZ `vb Kijvg Ges Rxeb eë¯’v wnmv‡e GKgvÎ
Bmjvg‡KB g‡bvwbZ Kijvg|Ó (m~iv )
2. cwic~Y© gymjgvb wnmv‡e Rxeb hvc‡bi Abykxjb
Ò‡Zvgiv cwic~Y© fv‡e Bmjv‡g cÖ‡ek K‡iv|Ó(m~iv )
3. BKvg‡Z Øx‡bi `vwqZ¡ cvjb -
Ò‡Zvgiv Øxb Kv‡qg K‡iv Ges ci¯úi wew”Qbœ n‡qvbv|Ó(m~iv )
4. mymsMwVZ Dcv‡q wRnv` wd mvwewjjvni Kg©m~wP ev¯—evqb --
ÒnhiZ Rvixi (iv.) n‡Z ewY©Z wZwb ivmyj (mv.) e‡j‡Qb , Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K cvuPwU Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k w`w”Q hv Avgvi ie
Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qbt msNe× _vK‡Z, ïb‡Z, AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z, wnRiZ Ki‡Z Ges Avjvni c‡_ wRnv` Ki‡Z|Ó
2.evBqvZ I Bmjvgx QvÎwkweit
Cader System ---
44
 RvMwZK Av‡›`vjb †jwbb †_‡K  Avgv‡ì msMV‡b kc‡_i Rbkw³ivB gq`v‡bi
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv †_‡K Kvh©Kix kw³
 mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gv weÁvb wfwËK Kiv †_‡K  msweavb ¯^xK…Z Rbkw³
D`vniYt gvIjvbv gI`~`x I nvmvbyj evbœv  msMV‡bi AvgvbZ`vi
 ivmy‡ji hy‡M Avn‡j myd&dv I Avkviv‡q  msMV‡bi cwiPq Zv‡ì Dci wbf©i K‡i|
†gvevk&kviv
3. Cader c×wZi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvt
1. ‡hvM¨Zvi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ 3. msMV‡bi k„•Ljv weav‡bi Rb¨
2. `vwqZ¡ web¨v‡mi Rb¨ 4. cÖwk¶Y Kg©m~wP myô~ fv‡e m¤úv`b Kivi Rb¨|
4.evBqv‡Zi D‡Ïk¨t
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi `vIqvZ gvbe mgv‡Ri  Av‡Liv‡Zi mdjZvi Rb¨
Kv‡Q †cŠu‡Q †`qv  Rvb Ges gv‡ji Kzievbxi Rb¨
 Avgi wej gvÕi“d I †bnx Avwbj gybKv‡ii  DbœZ ˆbwZKZvi KvswLZ gv‡b †cŠuQv‡bvi Rb¨|
ev¯—evq‡bi Rb¨
 Ky cÖe„wË `gb I my cÖe„wË jvj‡bi Rb¨
5. kc‡_i Av‡jv‡K Avgv‡ì Rxebt
1. Avš—wiK wm×vš—
Ò‡Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì i‡ei ¶gv cvIqvi Kv‡R cÖwZ‡hvwMZv K‡iv, Avi †mB Rvbœv‡Zi Rb¨ cÖwZ‡hvwMZv K‡iv hvi wekvjZv I
cÖk¯—Zv AvKvk I c„w_exi mgvb, GB RvbœvZ cÖ¯‘Z Kiv n‡q‡Q †m me fvMëvb gvbyl‡ì Rb¨ hviv Avjvn‡K fq
K‡i|Ó (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb - 133)
2. cwiKíbv MÖnb (evwl©K, lvb¥vwmK, Î‡qvgvwmK, gvwmK, mvßvwnK, ˆ`wbK)
3. Bjgx cÖ¯‘wZ
 ‡n`vqv‡Zi wbq‡Z cwic~Y© Avš—wiKZvi mv‡_ KziAvb Aa¨qb
 nv`xm Aa¨qb - ivmyj (mv.) Gi gRwj‡mi GKRb g‡b K‡i nv`xm Aa¨qb
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb, msMVb, gZev`, A_©eë¯’v, wk¶veë¯’v, gvmAvjv-gvmv‡qj, BwZnvm I wm‡jevm wfwËK Aa¨qb
 Bmjv‡gi †gŠwjK Ávb
 mvaviY Ávb I cvwicvw¯^K © Ávb|
4.cwi”Qbœ Avgj
 Lyï I LyRyi mv‡_ bvgvR Av`vq  ‡jb‡`‡b cwi”QbœZv
 bvgvR KvRv bv Kiv  Iqv`v cvjb
 Rvgvqv‡Zi mv‡_ bvgvR Av`vq  AvgvbZ`vixZv
 mvnvev‡ì bvgvR  c`©v
 ‡gvqv‡gjvZ
5. wØavnxb AvbyMZ¨
o ‡h †Kvb wm×vš— †g‡b †bqvi gvbwmKZv
o wUDkwb - jwRs Qvov, cix¶v bv †`qv, evox bv hvIqv BZ¨vwì cix¶v
6.msMVb eySv
 wi‡cvwU©s c×wZ  msweavb - Kg©c×wZ
 BwZnvm-HwZn¨  kvLvi KvR
7. mKj Lvivc KvR †_‡K wb‡R‡K evuwP‡q fv‡jv Kv‡R e¨¯— ivLv
8. ZvIev, G‡¯—Mdvi Ges AvZ¥mgv‡jvPbv Kiv
9.AvZ¥MVb I gvbDbœq‡bi Ae¨vnZ cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv
 wi‡cvU© ev` bv †`qv
 wm‡jev‡mi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© eB †bvU
 `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
10. fvimvg¨c~Y© Rxeb MV‡bi †Póv Pvjv‡bv
 ‡jLvcov I mvsMVwbK KvR
 gbxlx‡ì Rxebx c‡o GKv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Kiv
11. bdj Bev`Z mvavib Af¨v‡m cwibZ nIqv
45
12. wRnv‡ì gq`v‡b wb‡R‡K DrmM© Kiv
13. mve©¶wYK wRwKi, †`vqv Ges Avjvni mvnvh¨ PvIqv|
19. Avgv‡ì wfkb t Avgv‡ì cÖZ¨q

Our vision : our assertiveness
 evsjv GKv‡Wwg Dictionary ‡Z Vision Gi A_© Kiv n‡q‡Q- `k©bkw³, Kíbvkw³,`~i`„wó, Aš—`„wó BZ¨vw`|
 Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary- ‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q,
1. the ability to see; the area that you can see from a particular position.
2. an idea or a picture in your imagination.
3. a dream or similar experience, especially of a religious Kind.
 Avgv‡ì wfkb t
Òmg„× evsjv‡`k Movi j‡¶¨ mr, `¶ I †`k‡cÖwgK bvMwiK ‰Zwii A½xKvi|Ó
 GLv‡b `yBwU w`K t
 mg„× evsjv‡`k t mg„× evsjv‡`k ej‡Z eySvq t
1. wk¶vi nvi e„w× cv‡e| eZ©gvb we‡k¦ wk¶vi nvi t
Bû`x‡ì 100% gymjgvb‡ì gvÎ 19%
Lªxóvb‡ì 98%
2. A_©‰bwZK cÖe„w×i nvi e„w× cv‡e, Kg©ms¯’vb I gv_vwcQz Avq evo‡e Ges †eKviiZ¡ K‡g Avm‡e|
3. ivR‰bwZK msnwZ M‡o DV‡e| ivR‰bwZK msKU _vK‡e bv| †hgb MZ `yB eQ‡ii kvmb|
4. ‡`kwU n‡e m¤ú` I m¤£‡g ¯^vej¤^x|
5. ‡`‡ki mKj gvby‡li g‡a¨ Kjylgy³ mvgvwRK m¤cÖxwZ msi¶‡Yi †¶‡Î ¯^PvwjZ I ¯^D‡`¨vMx gvbwmKZvi m„wó n‡e|
6. ‡`‡ki mgvwRK I cvwievwiK cÖ_v n‡e `„p I AUzU|
7. ‡`‡ki Af¨š—ixY mKj m¤¢vebv‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi gZ †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ GKwU cÖRb¥ M‡o DV‡e|
8. ‡hvMv‡hvM eë¯’v DbœZ I ê‡`wkK wewb‡qvM e„w× cv‡e|
 mr, `¶ I †`k‡cÖwgK bvMwiK ‰Zix t
 mZZv ej‡Z wK eySvq ?
 mZZv ej‡Z ïaygvÎ AmZ¨ K_v cwiZ¨vM  GB cÖwZkÖ“wZ Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev` Kivi
Kiv‡KB eySvq bv|  mvgªvRëv`x †Kvb kw³i Kv‡Q gv_v bZ bv Kivi
 mZZv GKwU cÖwZkÖ“wZ, GKwU cÖwZÁvi bvg|  GB cÖwZkÖ“wZ m‡PZbZv e„w× Kivi Ges
 GB cÖwZkÖ“wZ †`‡ki Rb¨ fvj KvR Kivi  wb‡Ri wm×v‡š— AUj _vKvi|
 †`‡ki gvbyl I m¤¢vebv‡K mwVK fv‡e Kv‡R
jvMv‡bvi
o `¶Zv ej‡Z wK eySvq ?
o Skill = the ability to do, Efficiency / Efficient = doing something well and thoroughly with
no waste of time, money, or energy.
o Survival of the fittest.
mg‡qi h_vh_ eënvi K‡i m‡e©v”P KvR Kivi †hvM¨ZvB `¶Zv|
20. AvZ¥MVb
1.AvZ¥v Kv‡K e‡jt
1. AvZ¥v kãwU evsjv, Aviex‡Z hv‡K ‫نفس‬I ‫ روح‬ejv nq|
2. Kv‡iv Kv‡iv g‡Z cvkweKZv‡K ‫ نفس‬e‡j Avi CgvbxqvZ‡K ‫ روح‬e‡j|
46
3. ‫ روح‬n‡jv Avjvni Av‡`k gvÎ, hv Qvov gvbyl ev‡P bv|
4. AvZ¥vi Aci bvg cÖvY, ZvB hvi cªvY Av‡Q Zv‡K cÖvYx ejv nq|
5. wKš‘ gvbyl‡K cÖvYx ejv nq bv, gvby‡li Avmj cwiPq n‡jv Avkivdyj gvLjyLvZ|
6. ‡Kvb cÖvYxi g‡a¨ we‡eK †bB, ïay gvby‡li we‡eK Av‡Q|
2.AvZ¥v KZ cÖKvi I wK wK?
AvZ¥v 3 cÖKvit h_v-
1. bd‡m Av¤§viv-hv gvbyl‡K me©`v g›` c‡_ avweZ Kiv|
2. bd‡m jvIqvgv-hv fvj I g›` Dfq w`‡K avweZ K‡i|
3. bd‡m gyZgvwqbœvn-hv gvbyl‡K me©`v fvj c‡_i mÜvb w`‡e|
3.AvZ¥ MVb ej‡Z wK eySv‡bv nqt
1. wb‡Ri bd‡mi Dci wbqš¿Y ivLv|
2. AvZ¥v‡K wb‡Ri †hvM¨Zv w`‡q eënvi Kiv|
3. bd‡mi wecixZ Pjvi ¶gZv ivLv|
4. bd‡mi ‡Mvjvg bv nIqv Ges bdm‡K wb‡Ri Avq‡Z¡ wb‡q Avmv|
AvZ¥MVb †Kb ? t-
1- Avjvni mš‘wói Rb¨| 3- †`‡ki Rb¨|
2- Av‡›`vj‡bi Rb¨| 4- hy‡Mi P¨v‡jÁ †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨|
4.AvZ¥ MV‡bi c×wZt
cÖ_gZt e¨w³MZfv‡e-
1. Bev`vZt bvgvR I e‡›`Mxi Abyf~wZ 10. civgk© MÖnY I mgv‡jvPbv bv Kiv
2. mKj Kv‡R Avjvn‡K ¯îY Kiv I ivmy‡ji mv. 11. AvZ¥ m‡PZbZv m„wó
Dci ì“` cov 12. cÖPÊ j¾v‡eva _vKv
3. AvZ¥ mgv‡jvPbv 13. mei Kiv
4. mvDg cvjb Kiv 14. wbin¼vix nIqv
5. Aa¨qbt Kzivb, nvw`m, mvwnZ¨, mgmvgwqK Ávb 15. axiwPË nIqv
I weÁvb 16. †MvcbxqZv i¶v Kiv
6. ‡hvM¨Zvi weKvk mvab 17. ga¨gcš’v Aej¤^b Kiv
7. we‡kl †hvM¨Zv AR©bt fvlv Ávb, cÖhyw³MZ 18. A‡í Zzó _vKv
Ávb, Z_¨ Ávb, 19. Iqv`v wVK ivLv I AvgvbvZ i¶v Kiv
8. `vb Kivi cÖeYZv 20. Aš—©`„wó-‡Kvb wel‡qi Mfxi Dcjwä Kiv|
9. mg‡qi mwVK eënvi wbwðZ Kiv|
wØZxqZt mvsMVwbKfv‡e-cvi®úwiK m¤úK© webóKvix KvR eR©b Kivt
1. Uv‡M©U wfwËK `vIqvZx KvR 6. Z¨vM-Kzievbx
2. Uv‡M©U wfwËK gv‡bvbœqb 7. AMÖvwaKvi `vb
3. wb‡f©Rvj AvbyMZ¨ 8. gh©v`v i¶v
4. åvZ…Z‡¡ eva 9. mvnmx fywgKv
5. k„sLjv‡eva 10. kvnv`v‡Zi RRev m„wó Kiv
Z…ZxqZt cwinvi Ki‡Z n‡e-

1. MxeZ I †PvMj‡Lvix 11. wnsmv-we‡×l
2. †Mv‡q›`vMxwi 12. ivM ev †Mv¯^v
3. ‡ekx K_v ejvi Af¨vm 13. hy³ wenxb K_v
4. cÖwZµxqvkxj AvPiY 14. eµ wPš—v cwinvi Kiv
5. AwZwi³ nvjKv I AwZwi³ fveMvw¤^h©Zv 15. ‰eVK ¸‡jv kU© Kiv
6. wW‡±U Kivi gvbwlKZv cwinvi| 16. mgv‡jvPbv
7. ‡gRvR †`Lv‡bv| 17. Dcnvm Kiv
8. AnsKvi I †MŠie| 18. A‡nZzK weZK© cwinvi Kiv
9. Avkvjxb K_v I fvlv 19. KvD‡K AvÛvi ÷xwgU Kiv
10. Av›`vR-Abygvb 20. fvimvg¨nxb †gRvR
47
21. Ky-aviYv 22. kiwg›`v Kiv
AvZ¥MV‡b evav t-
1. AvZ¥MV‡bi mydj m¤ú‡K© ¯úó avibv bv _vKv|
2. AvZ¥MVb‡K mvsMVwbK KvR g‡b Kiv|
AvZ¥MV‡bi cwiwa t-
1. gvby‡li Rxe‡bi †Kvb †Kvb Ask cybtMVb †hvM¨|
2. Basic human qualities
‡hgb t- mvnwmKZv, mZëvw`Zv, `„pZv, exiZ¡ BZ¨vw`|
3. gvby‡li Rxe‡bi †Kvb †Kvb Ask †Póv K‡iI cybtMVb m¤¢e bq|
‡hgbt- AvKvi AvK…wZ|
4. †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸bvejx‡K cybtMV‡bi Quranic `„wófw½|
AvZ¥MVb `yÕw`‡K n‡Z n‡e- 1- cvw_©e|
2- cvi‡jŠwKK|
cvw_©e AvZ¥MVb t-
4. Ava~wbK we‡k¦i P¨v‡jÄ I Avgv‡ì cÖ¯‘wZT 8. `„p wm×vš— I K‡Vvi Aa¨vemvqxivB AvR
5. Field specify K‡i cÖ¯‘wZ †bqv| BwZnv‡mi D¾j b¶Î|
6. ‡SvK cÖebZv †`‡L Rxe‡bi j¶¨ wVK Kiv| 9. gywg‡bi cÖwZwU KvRB cvi‡jŠwKK cÖ¯‘wZ gyjK
7. High ambition AvZ¥MV‡bi cÖ_g meK| c`‡¶c|
gvby‡li Rxe‡bi wKQz ¸i“Z¡c~Y© w`K t-
PwiÎ t-
K- m”PwiÎ MV‡b cÖwZeÜKZv I mv¤cÖwZK cÖebZv mg~n|
L- cÖwZRb bexi Ab¨Zg KvR wQj m”PwiÎ MVb|
M- PwiÎevbivB me©Î mdj|
N- †hM¨Zv I m”Pwi‡Îi mgš^q|
O- PwiÎevb †jv‡Ki ïb¨Zv cyib Ki‡Z wkwe‡ii f~wgKv I AvMvgxi cÖZ¨vkv|
P- Avgv‡ì g‡Wj ivmyj (mvt)|
ZvKIqv t-
K- ZvKIqvi A_©|
L- †KviAv‡bi `„wó‡Z ZvKIqvi `vex|
M- ZvKIqvevb‡ì ¸bvejx
5.c~Y© gvÎvq AvZ¥v MVbKvix K‡qKRb e¨w³t
1. LvRv gBbywÏb wkPwZ 5. Bgvg Avn` Be‡b nv¤^j 9. hqbe Avj MRvjx
2. ‡kL dwi` 6. knx` gvwjK 10. knx` mvC` KzZze
3. ev`kv wbhvgyj gyjK 7. nhiZ LveŸve 11. AvqvZzjvn †Lv‡gbx
4. Bgvb gvwjK 8. knx` nvmvbyj evbœv
gv‡bvbœqbt
1.e¨w³i (wb‡Ri) gv‡bvbœqbt
1. Ávb AR©‡bi gva¨‡g 4. DbœZ Bev`vZ ev‡›`Mxi gva¨‡g¨
2. wPš—vi DbœwZ mva‡bi gva¨‡g¨ 5. m‡ev©cwi Avgj-AvLjvK my›ì Kivi gva¨‡g¨
3. cwic~Y© AvbyM‡Zï gva¨‡g¨ 6. evwn¨K AvPi‡Yi my›ì Kivi gva¨‡g¨
2. Rbkw³i gv‡bvbœqbt
1. e¨w³MZ K›Uv‡±i gva¨‡g¨ 6. †hgb-wU Gm, k‡eŸ`vix, mvaviY mfv, eZ…Zv
2. myne‡Zi cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g¨ cÖwZ‡hvMxZvi gva¨‡g¨
3. cwiKwíZfv‡e cÖwk¶Y w`‡q 7. my›ì cwiKíbv K‡i †`qv gva¨‡g¨
4. †hgb-`vim, Av‡jvPbv, welqwfwËK †bvU w`‡q 8. †hgb-mßvwnK, gvwmK, evrmwiK cwiKíb K‡i
mn‡hvwMZv K‡i †Ìqv
5. cwiKwíZ cÖwk¶Y gyjK ‡cÖvMÖv‡gi gva¨‡g 9. KvR w`‡q Kv‡Ri Z`viK Kiv
10. Rbkw³i Rb¨ me©`v †`vqv Kiv
48
3. mvsMVwbK gv‡bvbœqbt
1. DckvLv ¸‡jv‡K h_v_© gv‡b DwbœZ Kiv 5. DckvLvi D‡`¨v‡M wbqwgZ `vIqvZx KvR Kiv
2. DckvLvi D‡`¨v‡M wbqwgZ †cÖvMÖvg nv‡Z †bqv 6. DckvLvi D‡`¨v‡M wbqwgZ gv‡bvbœ‡bi ‡Póv Kiv
3. chvß© cwigvY eB wb‡q Pvwn`v Abyhvqx cvVvMvi 7. Rbkw³i g‡a¨ Uxg¯cÖxU ˆZix Kiv
cÖwZôv Kiv 8. AvbyMZ¨ I Avš—wiK cwi‡ek ˆZix Kiv
4. gv‡mi k~i“‡Z cwiKíbv MÖnY I Rbkw³i 9. i“nvbx cwi‡ek msi¶Y Kiv
gv‡S Kg© e›Ub Kiv 10. mvsMVwbK k„sLjv cÖwZôv I msi¶Y Kiv
gvbexq ¸Yvejx AR©b Kivt †hgb
GKRb Av`k© msMV‡Ki ¸Yvejx ev êwkó¨t

1. D™¢veb kw³ 9. wbR‡K wbqš¿Y Kivi kw³ AR©b
2. DËg fvlY 10. f~jÎ“wU ¯^xKvi-ms‡kva‡bi
3. DËg wjLb gvbwlKZv
4. msMVb cwiPvjbvi †hvM¨Zv 11. Rbkw³i Av¯—v AR©b Kiv
5. `~e©jZvi D‡aŸ© _vKvi †Póv Kiv 12. wb‡R‡K mnR K‡i Dc¯’vcb Kiv
6. wm×v‡š—i Dci AUj-AwePj _vKv 13. mgv‡jvPbv †g‡b †bIqvi gvbwlKZv
7. Zwor wm×vš— MÖn‡Yi †hvM¨Zv 14. mr ¸Yvejxi PPv© Kiv
8. msMVb M‡o ‡Zvjvi †hvM¨Zv 15. cÖwZfv weKwkZ Kivi mvabv Kiv
21. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b evBqvZ I gvb Dbœqbt i“Kb kc‡_i ¸i“Z¡ I Dcvq
-b~i“j Bmjvg eyjeyj
 evBqvZt
o kc_t evBqvZ- evBqyb kã †_‡K G‡m‡Q|
-MVbZ‡š¿i 7 b¤î avivq 8 wU kZ©|
-MVbZ‡š¿i 9 b¤î avivq `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ (K) 8wU (L) |
-myiv dvZvn- 10, 18 b¤î AvqvZ|
-m~iv gyZgvwqbœvn- 12 b¤î AvqvZ, md -11 b¤î AvqvZ|
-m~iv Rygqv 9 bs AvqvZ, m~iv b~i- 34 b¤î AvqvZ|
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b ¸i“Z¡c~Y© evBqvZ mg~n|
1. evBqv‡Z †iÌqvb| 3. AvKvivq 2q kc_|
2. evBqv‡Z AvKvev (1g)| 4. AvKvevq 3q kc_|
 i“Kb kc_ MÖn‡Yi A_© t
-wb‡R‡ì mvgMÖxK gvb Dbœqb|
-wb‡R‡ì cwic~Y©iƒ‡c Avjvni Øxb cÖwZôvi Av‡›`vj‡b wb‡ew`Z Kiv|
- mKj KvR mvsMVwbK `„wófw½‡K †K›`ª K‡i AvewZ©Z n‡e|
-msMV‡bi m‡e©v”P cvh©v‡qi Rbkw³, wm×vš—Kvivx I cwPvjbvKvix|
 gvb Dbœqb Z_v i“Kwbq‡Zi Rb¨ Kibxq wK?
1. wm×vš— MÖnYt- G Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb-
-gvb Dbœq‡bi ¸i“Z¡ Abyaveb|
- i“Kwbqv‡Zi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ m¤ú‡K© AewnZ nIqv|
2. Ávb AR©bt-
- wm‡jevm wfwËK Aa¨qb- cÖwZ gv‡m 300 c„ôv|
- †KviAvb †ZjvIqvZ ï× Kivi wbqg- Kvbyb Rvbv|
-¸i“Z¡c~Y© eB Gi †bvU Kiv|
-‡KviAvb-nv`x‡mi `vim ˆZix Kiv|
-¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq wfwËK nvw`m I AvqvZ gyL¯— Kiv|
49
3. gvb m¤§Z avivevwnK wi‡cvU©t
-mgq `vb 90 N›Uv| -bvgvR-5 Iqv³ Rvgvqv‡Z|
-eB - 300 c„ôv| -BqvbZ-5 %|
- wewfbœ †hvMv‡hvM| -wi‡cvU© ‡`Lv‡bv, wi‡cvwU©s êV‡K Dcw¯’Z|
4. wbqwgZ `vIqvZx KvR
-IqvW©/ _vbv/ gnvbMix / †K›`ª †NvwlZ -e¨w³MZ wbqwgZ `vIqvZ|
`vIqvZ| -mv‡_ `vIqvZx DcKiY ivL‡Z n‡e;|
-BDwb‡Ui `vIqvZx MÖyc| -cwiev‡i `vIqvZ|
5. wbqwgZ Ab¨vb¨ mvsMVwbK `vwqZ¡ cvjbt

-‡cÖvMÖvgvw` h_vh_fv‡e cwiPvjbv- Dcw¯’wZ| -Awc©Z `vwq‡Zi¡ nK Av`vq K‡i cvjb|
-msMV‡bi wb‡`©kvejx h_vh_ Abymib| - cÖ‡qvRb n‡j QzwU PvIqv|
6. h_vh_ AvbyMZ¨ Kivt
7. mµxq mn‡hvMx I Kg©x e„w×i avivevwnKZv i¶vt
- 3 gv‡m Aš—Z 3 Rb Kg©x I 5 Rb mµxq mn‡hvMx e„w× n‡e|
8. AvgjK DbœZ KiYt
-bvgvR mn †gŠwjK Bev`Z h_vh_fv‡e Av`vq| -eëmv evwYR¨ ev PvKzix †¶‡Î I ¯^”QZv|
- e¨w³MZ AvPiY I PwiÎ ms‡kvab| -‡jb‡`b , Iqv`v BZ¨v`x h_vh_fv‡e cvjb|
-AvKl©bxq PwiÎ ˆZix Kiv| - cwiev‡i wb‡R‡ì Ae¯’v‡K msnZ Kib|
-‡gŠwjK Amr ¸Yvejx †_‡K wb‡RK †ndvRZ
Kiv|
9. Avq-DcvR©‡b nvjvj c_ Aej¤^bt

-Rxeb avi‡Y ga¨g cš’v Aej¤^b| -we‡q-kv`x †Lqvj ivLv|
10. mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv i¶vt
11. Avj-vni mvnvh¨ t
12. fvimvg¨ c~Y© Rxebt
-e¨w³, cwievi, cÖwZôvb I msMV‡bi Kv‡R mgš^q mvab-G Rb¨ cwiKíbv, Abyhvqx mgq e¨q Kiv|
22. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡ì eënvwiK Rxeb

f~wgKv t-
 GKRb Qv‡Îi Kibxq I AQv‡Îi Kibx‡qi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Av‡Q
 eënvwiK wR‡›`Mxi ev¯—e cÖwZdjb N‡U Practical life G.
 eënvwiK Rxeb mvaviYZ cwi‡ek I cvwicvwk¦©K Ae¯’vi cÖfv‡e cÖfvweZ nq- †hgb cix¶vi n‡j bKj cÖeYZv
 gy‡Li K_vi †P‡q bex I mvnvex‡ì eënvwiK Rxeb †`‡L †jvKRb †ewk AvK„ó n‡q‡Q| nv`xm- ÒeyBmZz wjDwZ¤§v
gvKv‡igvj AvLjvLÓ
 GKRb Cgvb`v‡ii ev¯—e Rxeb n‡e - i“wPm¤§Z, my›ì, gvwR©Z, AbyKibxq, AvKl©bxq|
eënvwiK wR‡›`Mxi wewfbœ w`K
1. e¨w³MZ Rxeb 3. cvwievwiK Rxeb
2. mvsMVwbK Rxeb 4. mvgvwRK Rxeb
1. e¨w³MZ Rxeb t
 cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv-
nv`xm ÒAvZ&Zzn‡iv mvZi“j CgvbÓ
50
ÒGKw`b GK e¨w³‡K ivm~j (mt) ej‡jb, Avcwb †h Pzj ivL‡Qb, Pz‡ji n° wK ? ZLb †jvKwU ejj †n ivm~j, Rvwb bv;
ZLb ivm~j (mt) ej‡jb Nyg †_‡K DVvi ci I Nygv‡bvi c~‡e© gv_v `yÕevi AvuPov‡e|Ó
- Ggb wK nv`x‡m KuvPv †cqvR †L‡q gmwR‡` hvIhv wb‡la Kiv n‡q‡Q|
- wKš‘ cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZvi Kvi‡b AvZ¥¤¢wiZvi my‡hvM †bB| †hgb ----
 k„•Ljve×Zv t
- mKj wKQz cwicvwU mvRv‡bv ¸Qv‡bv _vK‡e
- LvIqv, Nyg, wjLvcov, eB cy¯—K, Kvco †Pvco, ivLv †Uwej †Pqvi BZ¨vwì g‡a¨ †hb †Kvb wek„•Ljv bv _v‡K
- me wKQz‡Z myk„•Lj bv n‡j A‡bK mgq Wv‡qix LuyR‡Z Pvwe bvB, Pvwe LuyR‡Z AgyK bvB BZ¨vw`
- mewKQz myk„•Lj n‡j
1. gb fvj _v‡K
2. mg‡qi AcPq nq bv
 †µva `gb Kiv t
- GKwU NUbv- R‰bK e¨w³i †Q‡j mKvj †_‡K wZb Zjvi Dci KvR Ki‡Q| †m Zvi
†Q‡j‡K evi evi ej‡Z‡Q GZ †iŠ‡`ª KvR bv Kivi Rb¨|
KyiAvb : nvwgg Avm mvR`v - 36
A_© t hw` kqZv‡bi c¶ †_‡K Avcwb wKQz Kzgš¿Yv Abyfe K‡i, Z‡e Avjvni kibvcbœ nb, wbðqB wZwb me©‡kªvZv I
me©Á|
nv`xm : †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ H e¨w³ exi bq †h KvD‡K Mv‡qi †Rv‡i nvwi‡q †d‡j eis exi H e¨w³ †h ivM‡K nRg K‡i|
- GKevi nhiZ Avjx (ivt) GKRb †jv‡Ki ey‡K Qzwi Pvjv‡bvi my‡hvM †c‡qI ev` w`‡jb.....
 Z¨vMx g‡bvfve : AvZœZ¨vM:
1. Avw_©K Kzievbx
2. Avivg Av‡q‡ki Kzievbx
3. ¯^fve cÖK…wZi Kzievbx
ÒGKRb gymjgvb Zvi fv‡qi Rb¨ ïay wb‡Ri g‡ZvB cQ›` K‡i bv eis Zv‡K wb‡Ri Dci AMÖvwaKvi †`q,
ZLb Zvi G ¸bvejx‡K AvZœZ¨vM e‡j|Ó
4. wb‡Ri PvB‡Z A‡bï g½j‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`‡e
5. wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvRb‡K gyjZex †i‡L A‡bï cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡e
6. wb‡R Kó ¯^xKvi K‡i Ab¨‡K Avivg w`‡e
7. wb‡R ¶zavZ© †_‡K Ab¨‡K LvIqv‡e
8. wb‡Ri ¯^fve cÖK…wZi cÖwZK‚j wRwbm †g‡b †b‡e wKš‘ H fv‡qi w`j‡K h_vm¤¢e AcÖxwZKi Ae¯’v †_‡K i¶v Ki‡e|
‡KviAvb : m~iv nvki : ÒGes Zviv wb‡Ri Dci Ab¨vb¨‡ì AMÖvwaKvi †`q, hwÌ Zviv i‡q‡Q AbU‡bi g‡a¨|Ó
nv`xm : Afve AbU‡b AvZœZ¨vM t

ÒGKw`b ivm~‡j Kixg (mt) Gi Kv‡Q GKRb ¶zav_© †jvK Avmj| ZLb nhi‡Zi M„‡n †Kvb Lvevi wQj bv| wZwb ej‡jb :
†h e¨w³ AvRiv‡Z G e¨w³‡K †gngvb wnmv‡e ivL‡e, Avjvn Zvi cÖwZ Ki“Yv el©b Ki‡eb| nhiZ Avey Zvjnv †jvKwU‡K
wbR N‡i wb‡q †M‡jb|..
mKv‡j ivm~‡j Kixg (mt) †L`g‡Z nvwRi n‡j wZwb ej‡jb, Avjvn ‡Zvgvi G m`vPvi‡b AZ¨vš— Lywk n‡q‡Qb; Ges G
AvqvZ c‡o ïbv‡jbÓ|
wRnv‡ì gq`v‡b AvZœZ¨vM t
gyZvi hy× 1g-6ô e¨w³ ch©š— wb‡R cvwb cvb bv K‡i Ac‡ii cÖ‡qvRb‡K AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q mK‡jB Rxeb w`‡jb|
wb‡R wbægv‡bi wRwbm Zzó _vbv t
im~j (mt) ej‡jb : †KD hw` †Kvb e¨w³i mv‡_ GKN›Uv cwigvbI mskªe iv‡L, Z‡e †Kqvg‡Zi w`b Zv‡K wRÁvm Kiv n‡e
GB †jvKwU wK mskªeKvjxb nK Av`v‡qi cÖwZ j¶¨ †i‡L‡Q wKsev Zv‡K bó K‡i‡Q|
‡gmIqv‡Ki NUbv t
‡KviAvb t Ò‡Zvgiv G‡K Aci‡K AMÖvwaKvi `vb Ki|Ó
†Zvgiv Kw®§bKv‡jI Kj¨vb jvfKi‡Z cvi‡e bv, hw` †Zvgv‡ì wcÖq e¯‘ †_‡K e¨q bv Ki| Avi †Zvgiv hv wKQz e¨q Ki‡e
Avjvn Zv Rv‡bb|(m~iv Avj Bgivbt 92)
ÒBqv AvBqy¨nvj jvwRbv Avgvbym‡ii“, Agv‡ei“, Aiv‡KZz AvËv°zjvnv jvqvjvKzg Zzd‡jûb|Ó
51
(m~iv Bgivb t 200)
A_© t †n Cgvb`viMb âh©ävib Ki Ges †gvKv‡ejvq `„pZv Aej¤^b Ki, Avjvn‡K fq Ki‡Z _vK hv‡Z †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì
D‡Ïk¨ jv‡f mg_© n‡Z cv‡iv|
- wnRi‡Zi ci mvnvevMb wbR N‡ii A‡a©K gynvwRi‡ì w`‡qwQ‡jb|
 mei I Zvqv°zj :
me‡ii K‡qKwU A_© :
Avqv AvBqy¨nvj jvwRbv ......(m~iv Avj Bgivb t 200)
m~iv Avmi
Zvqv°zj - KwVb †_‡K KwVb Ae¯’vq Avjvni Dci Zvqv°zj Kiv
- wnRi‡Zi mgq ¸nvi wfZi ivm~j (mt) Gi Ae¯’vb
- Bevwng (Avt) †K Av¸‡b †djvi ci hLb †d‡i¯—v G‡m mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj ZLb †d‡i¯—vi Dci fimv bv K‡i
Avjvni Dci fimv K‡iwQ‡jb|
- †divDb hLb gymv (Avt) †K †`Šwo‡q wb‡q mgy‡`ªi avi ch©š— hvIqvi ci Avjvni Dci Zvqv°zj Kivq Zv nv‡Zi jvwVi
Bkvivq mgy‡`ª 12 wU †Mv‡Îi Rb¨ 12 wU iv¯—v n‡q hvq|
 Ávb wccvmv
 `„wó kw³i †ndvRZ t
Ògywgb‡ì ejyb Zviv †hb Zv‡ì `„wó bZ iv‡L Ges Zv‡ì †hŠbv‡½i †ndvRZ K‡i| G‡Z Zv‡ì Rb¨ Lye cweÎZv Av‡Q|
wbðqB Zviv hv K‡i Avjvn Zv AewnZ Av‡QbÓ(m~iv b~i 30)|
- †Pv‡Li †Rbvi kvw¯— n‡”Q : †Kvb e¨w³ B”QvK…Zfv‡e †Pv‡Li †Rbv Ki‡j wmmv‡K R¡vwj‡q Zvi †Pv‡L †QuKv †`qv n‡e|Ó
 evKkw³ ev Rev‡bi †ndvRZ t
1. ‡eû`v K_v ejv 4. Kz-bv‡g WvKv 6. Kv‡iv g‡b Confusion
2. MxeZ Kiv 5. Mvwj ‡`qv m„wó nq Ggb †Kvb K_v
3. ‡PvMj‡Lvix Kiv 7. Dcnvm bv Kiv
nv`xm Ò†Zvgiv nq fvj K_v ej bZzev Pzc _vKÓ
Ò †Zvgiv hw` 2 wU wRwb‡mi wR¤§v`vix nI Z‡e Avwg Rvbœv‡Zi wR¤§v`vix ne - †hŠbkw³ I evKkw³|Ó
Òivm~j (mt) e‡jb †Kvb KUzfvlx I e` ¯^fve wewkó †jvK Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e bv||
†Kvb gymjgvb‡K Mvjx †Ìqv dv‡mKx Avi Zvi m‡½ jovB Kiv dv‡mKx|Ó
ÒGK`v ivm~j (mt) gvqvR‡K wewfbœ bwmnZ Kivi ci wb‡Ri wRnev AvK‡o a‡i ej‡jb, †Zvgvi KZ©e¨ n‡”Q G‡K
weiZ ivLv| wZwb wR‡Ám Ki‡jb †n Avjvni ivm~j, Avgiv hv wKQz ejv-KIqv Kwi †m m¤ú‡K©I wK wRÁvmvev` Kiv n‡e?
wZwb ej‡jb : Rev‡bi KvgvB Qvov Avi †Kvb wRwbm gvbyl‡K †`vh‡Li Av¸‡b wb‡¶c Ki‡e?Ó
ÒAvi e`bvg Kibv weK…Z Dcvwai ms‡M, Cgv‡bi ci weK…Z bvgKiY n‡”Q e`Kvix|Ó
ÒwKqvg‡Zi w`b Avgvi `„wó‡Z mePvB‡Z Awflß Ges Avgv n‡Z mePvB‡Z `~‡i _vK‡e evPvj, Akjfvlx, Bj‡gi
wg_¨v `vex`vi, Ges AnsKvix e¨w³Mb|
 wiqv ev AnsKvi gy³ gb t
ÒRwg‡b `vw¤¢KZvi mv‡_ Pjbv,Ó wbðqB Zzwg f~-c„ô‡K KLbB wew`b© Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv Ges D”PZvq Zzwg KLbB ce©Z cÖgvY
n‡Z cvi‡e bv|Ó(m~iv ebx BmivBj - 37, †jvKgvb 38)
 Avo¤înxb Rxeb t
c`Pvibviq gaëwZ©Zv Aej¤^b Ki Ges KÚ¯î bxPz Ki| wbtm‡›`‡n Mvavi ¯îB me©v‡c¶v AcÖZxKi|
( m~iv †jvKgvb 19)
 cÖKvk¨ AcÖKvk¨ mKj ¸bvn †_‡K i¶v t
Òhviv eo eo ¸bvn I Akxj Kvh© †_‡K †eu‡P _v‡K †QvU Lv‡Uv Aciva Ki‡jI wbðqB Avcbvi cvjb KZ©vi ¶gv m~`~i
we¯—…Z| wZwb †Zvgv‡ì m¤ú‡K© fvj Rv‡bb, hLb wZwb †Zvgv‡ì m„wó K‡i‡Qb g„wËKv †_‡K Ges hLb †Zvgiv gvZ…M‡f© KwP
wkï wQ‡j| AZGe †Zvgiv AvZœcÖksmv Kibv| wZwb fvj Rv‡bb †K mshgx?( m~iv bvRg - 32)Ó|
wbj¾©Zvi Kv‡QI †hIbv, cÖKv‡k¨ †nvK wKsev AcÖKv‡k¨|( m~iv Avb Avg - 151)
 AvZœmgv‡jvPbv
1. AvZœch©v‡jvPbvq Af¨¯— nIqv 2. wb‡R‡K hvPvB Kiv
nv`xm : ÒZzwg wb‡R‡K Ggbfv‡e hvPvB Ki hv‡Z A‡bï w`‡K PvIqvi my‡hvM bv _v‡K|Ó
 cwiKwíZ Rxeb
52
 K_v I Kv‡Ri wgj t
1. wgj bv _vKv gybvwdwKi j¶b 3. Cgvb`v‡ii ev¯—e Rxeb n‡e K_v I Kv‡Ri wgj
2. Z¨v‡Mi e³„Zv Kv‡R bvB 4. gybvwd‡Ki Avkªq¯’j Rvnvbœvg
2. mvsMVwbK Rxeb
 mn‡hvMx‡ì mv‡_ eënvi :
1. wZbwU †bK Kv‡R cvc KvR gvR©bv nq:
K. mij eënvi L. cÖdzj-gb M. wgwó fvlb
2. kZ e¨¯—Zvi gv‡SI Aci fvB‡K †`L‡j mvjvg †`qv nvZ †gjv‡bv, nvwmgy‡L K_v ejv
3. ‡KD †ivMvµvš— ev AfveMÖ¯’ n‡j †`L‡Z hvIqv
4. mnbkxjZv I D`viZv
m~iv Bgivb - 159
Avivd - 199
GKwU NUbv t
GKRb †jvK gmwR‡` beex‡Z cÖkvª e K‡i P‡j hvw”Qj....
 hvPvB bv K‡i ïbv K_vi Dci avibv bv Kiv t
ebx BmivBj - 36
ûRivZ
RvKvZ Av`v‡qi NUbv-
3. cvwievwiK Rxeb t
 gvZv wcZvi cÖwZ eënvi
nv`xm ÒAve`yjvn Be‡b gvmD` (ivt) ivm~j (mt) †K wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, Avjvni wbKU wcÖq KvR †KvbwU? wZwb ej‡jb,
bvgvR, Avevi cÖkœ Ki‡jb ci ci `yB evi ej‡jb gvZvwcZvi †L`gZ I wRnv` Kiv|Ó
1. g‡qi c`Z‡j RvbœvZ
2. ‡Zvgiv gvZvwcZv‡K Mvwj wÌ bv
3. `ywbqvq GKgvÎ wb:¯^v_©fv‡e fvjevm gvZvwcZv‡K
4. we‡ivax gvZvwcZvi RbÏ †`vqv Ki - (Avey ûivqivi NUbv)
5. Avgv‡ì eënv‡i †hb wcZv gvZvi gb †_‡K Avn kãI †ei bv nq|
 fvB‡evb‡ì cÖwZ eënvi t
 AvZœxq ¯^Rb‡ì cÖwZ eënvi t
4. mvgvwRK Rxeb t
 g‡›ì †gvKvwejvq DËg AvPib t
- Tit for tat Cgvb`vi‡ì Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq|
fvj I g›` mgvb bq| RIqv‡e ZvB ejyb hv DrK…ó| ZLb †`L‡eb Avcbvi mv‡_ †h e¨w³i kµZv Av‡Q, †m †hb Aš—i½
eÜz| G PwiÎ ZvivB jvf K‡i, hviv mei K‡i Ges G Pwi‡Îi AwaKvix ZvivB nq hviv AZ¨š— fvMëvb|( nvwgg Avm
mvR`v : 34-35)
 cÖwZ‡ewki mv‡_ eënvi
nv`xm t Ò†mB e¨w³ gymjgvb hvi nvZ I gyL n‡Z cÖwZ‡ewk wbivc`, hviv gymjgvb‡ì Kó †`q Zv‡ì‡K †Kqvg‡Zi w`b
cvKovI Kiv n‡e|Ó
Ò‡h e¨w³ Avjvn I ciKv‡ji cÖwZ wek¦vm K‡i †m †hb cÖwZ‡ewk‡K m¤§vb K‡i|Ó
Ò‡h e¨w³ eo‡ì m¤§vb I †QvU‡ì †mœn K‡i bv †m Avgvi D¤§‡Zi Aš—if~³ bq|Ó
1. mvnvh¨ PvB‡j †`qv 3. ‡LvR Lei †bqv
2. RvbvRv cov 4. we‡q kv`x Abyôvbvw`‡Z mvnvh¨ Kiv
 PvKi evK‡ii cÖwZ eënvi t
Ò‡Zvgiv hv LvI I ci PvKi‡ìI Zv LvB‡Z I ci‡Z `vI|Ó
GKwU NUbv nhiZ Dgi (ivt) Gi DU †U‡b wb‡q hvIqv
 we‡ivax‡ì mv‡_ eënvi t
 Ab¨vb¨
1. wk¶K-Kg©Pvix 3. wi·vIqvjv 5. cïcw¶
2. ‡ivMx‡ì cÖwZ 4. dwKi ev mvnvh¨cÖv_x© 6. MvQcvjv
53
23. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b Kgx©‡ì Z¨vM I Kzievbx
 Bmjvg  Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb
 Av‡›`vjb  Z¨vM I Kzievbx
* Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b †h me KzievYxi cÖ‡qvRb nq t
1. mg‡qi Kzievbx 4. Avivg-Av‡q‡ki Kzievbx
2. gvbwlKZvi Kzievbx 5. Rxe‡bi Kzievbx
3. Avw_©K Kzievbx
* Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Z¨vM I KzievYxi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv t-
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mdjZvi Rb¨ Z¨vM Kzievbx Acwinvh©|
 gnvb iveŸyj Avjvgxb Rxeb I m¤ú` w`‡q Avjvni c‡_ msMÖvg Kivi Rb¨ e‡j‡Qb|
 ivm~j m. Gi 23 eQ‡ii wR‡›`Mx Z¨vM I Kzievbxi D¾j bgybv|
 mvnvexMY Z¨vM I KzievYxi `„óvš— Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb|
 mKj bex ivm~j‡K Z¨vM I Kzievbxi civKvôv cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q|
 hy‡M hy‡M hviv Bmjvg cÖwZôvi Av‡›`vjb K‡i‡Qb Zv‡ì‡K Z¨vM I KzievYxi bRivbv †ck Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q|
 Pjgvb Av‡›`vj‡bI Z¨vM I Kzievbxi avivevwnKZv Ae¨vnZ Av‡Q|
 e¨w³i mdjZvi RbÏ Z¨vM I Kzievbx cÖ‡qvRb|
1. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mdjZvi Rb¨ Z¨vM I Kzievbx Acwinvh© t

2. e¨w³i mdjZvi Rb¨ -
- Avnvwmevbœvmy AvB BDïvKz AvB BqvKzjy
- Avg nvwmeZzg Avb Zv`Lyjyj RvbœvZv ..........
 ........... GQvov Aa© iv‡Zi ci Zvnv¾y‡ì bvgvR co| Gici wZwb G AvqvZ cvV K‡ib| - Avm mvR`v - 16,
17 bs
Ògywgbiv wb`ªv Z¨vM K‡i kh¨v †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q fw³ fvjevmv I fq mn‡hv‡M wbR cÖfy‡K Wv‡K Ges Avj-vni
cÖ`Ë gvj †_‡K Avjvni c‡_ LiP K‡i| †Kvb cÖvYx Rv‡bbv KZ †h bqb wø»Kvix wbqvgZivRx Avjvn Zvqvjv
Zv‡ì GB Kv‡Ri cÖwZ`vb wn‡m‡e Zv‡ì Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z K‡i †i‡L‡Qb|Ó
(- GKwU eo nvw`‡mi Ask gyqvR web Rvev‡ji (ivt) Av‡e`‡bi †cÖw¶‡Z ivmyj m. Gi e³e¨)
......... Avevi wZwb Gikv` Ki‡jb, Avwg wK †Zvgv‡K †mB wRwbl Rvbv‡ev bv - D³ mg¯— cÖKvi †bKxi g~j? Avwg
ejjvg nv †n Avjvni ivmyj (m.)! Avcwb wbðq Zv Avgv‡K Rvbvb! wZwb wb‡Ri cweÎ wRnŸv a‡i ej‡jb Zzwg GUv‡K
wb‡Ri wbqš¿‡b †i‡Lv| Avwg cÖkœ Kijvg, †n Avjvni ivm~j! hv wKQy Avgiv e‡j _vwK Zvi Rb¨ wK Avgiv cvKovI
n‡ev?
ivm~j m. Gikv` Ki‡jb t †n gyqvR †Zvgvi Rxeb `xN©vwqZ †nvK| wRnŸv †_‡K wbM©Z K_vB‡Zv - hv bv ey‡S my‡S ejv
nq Zv gvbyl‡K wbægyLx K‡i †`vh‡L wb‡¶c K‡i| (wgkKvZ) hv‡ìvn- 095-96 c„ôv
ÒDev`v web mvwgZ iv. eY©bv K‡ib, ivmyj m. Gikv` K‡i‡Qb t Avwg wK †Zvgv‡ì †mB Kv‡Ri K_v Rvbve bv hvi Øviv
Avjvn Zvqvjv wbR ev›`v‡ì D”P gh©v`v `vb K‡ib?
‡jv‡Kiv ejj t n¨vu †n ivm~j m. Aek¨B Avgv‡ì ejyb| ivm~j m. Gikv` Ki‡jb t
54
‡h †Zvgvi mv‡_ gy‡L©i gZ eënvi K‡i Zzwg Zvi mv‡_ weÁZvi mv‡_ AvPiY K‡iv|
‡h †Zvgvi cÖwZ hyjyg K‡i Zv‡K Zzwg ¶gv K‡iv|
‡h †Zvgv‡K ewÂZ K‡i Zv‡K Zzwg cÖ`vb K‡iv|
‡h AvZ¥xq †Zvgvi mv‡_ m¤úK© wQbœ K‡i Zzwg Zvi mv‡_ m¤úK© Ry‡o iv‡Lv-
- Gme Kv‡R gvby‡li gh©v`v DbœZ n‡q _v‡K| (Zveivbx) hv‡ìvn 111 c„ôv
Avey hvi iv. eY©bv K‡ib †h ivmyj m. Avgv‡K AmxqZ K‡i‡Qb t
1. Avwg †hb Zv‡ì w`‡K bv †`wL hviv Avgvi †_‡K A_© I gh©v`v cÖf„wZ‡Z †kªôZi, eis Avwg †hb Zv‡ì wK ZvKvq
hviv Avgvi †_‡K bx‡P|
2. Avwg †hb `wi`ª‡ì fvjevwm Ges Kv‡Q Kv‡Q _vwK|
3. Avgvi AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb hw` Avgvi nK Av`vq bvI K‡i Zey Avwg †hb Zv‡ì ms‡M mym¤úK© ivwL Ges Zv‡ì nK
Av`vq Ki‡Z _vwK| hv‡ìvn - 113 c„ôv
 Aci GK nvw`‡m ivmyj m. Gikv` K‡ib t 5wU K_v , Gi g‡a¨ `yB bv¤^viwU n‡”Q-
1. Avjvn Zvqvjv †Zvgvi Rb¨ h‡ZvUv i“Rx wba©viY K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z Z…ß I mš‘ó _v‡Kv - me‡P‡q †ekx Afvegy³
_vK‡Z cvi‡e|
(wgkKvZ) Rv‡ìvn - 114 c„ôv
ÒAvãyjvn Be‡b Dgvi iv. eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, ivmyj m. e‡jbt hLb †Zgiv Cbvn Gi mv‡_ µq weµq Ki‡e, Mi“i †jR
a‡i _vK‡e, Pvlev‡` gvb n‡q hv‡e Ges `x‡bi Rb¨ cwikªg Kiv Ges abgvj Kzievbx Kiv Z¨vM Ki‡e, ZLb Avjvn
†Zvgv‡ì Dci Ggb Acgvb I †Mvjvgx Pvwc‡q †`‡eb - †Zvgiv h‡Zv¶Y ch©š— w`‡bi w`‡K bv wd‡i Avm‡e ZZ¶Y
ch©š— Zv †Zvgv‡ì Dci †_‡K `ywifyZ n‡e bv| Avey `vD` hv‡ìvn - 161.
 gnvb iveŸyj Avjvgxb Avjvni c‡_ Rvb I gvj w`‡q msMÖv‡gi Rb¨ e‡j‡Qb-
* ivmy‡j Kixg m. Gi 23 eQ‡ii wR‡›`Mx Z¨vM I Kzievbxi D¾j bgybv t
 AccÖPv‡ii gy‡LvgywL  Zv‡q‡di gq`vb
 Ae‡eva t wkqv‡e Avey Zv‡je  Iû‡ì gq`v‡b
 cÖvYbv‡mi ûgKx  mKj bex ivmyj‡K Z¨vM I Kzievbxi bRivbv
 Ryjyg wbh©vZb †ck Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q|
* mvnvexMY Z¨vM I Kzievbxi `„óvš— Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb t
 nhiZ †ejvj (iv.)  nhiZ LyevBe (iv.)
 nhiZ LveŸve (iv.)  nhiZ mygvBqv (iv.)
24. ‡h AZxZ †cÖiYv †RvMvq

 AZxZ t
 ‡cÖiYv t
- AZx‡Zi AwfÁZv mvg‡b c_ Pjvi mnvqK|
- AZx‡Zi HwZn¨‡K aviY K‡iB mvg‡b G¸‡Z nq|
- AvR ev eZ©gvb Kvj ev AZxZ|
- gnvb iveŸyj Avjvgxb †KviAv‡bI AZx‡Zi wk¶Yxq w`K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|
- ivm~j m. Zuvi e³‡e¨ nvw`‡m AZx‡Zi wel‡qi AeZviYv K‡i‡Qb|
 AZxZ eY©bvi j¶¨ n‡”Q -
1. †mLvb †_‡K wk¶v AR©b Kiv|
2. fvj w`K¸‡jv MÖnY, g›`¸‡jv cwinvi Kiv|
 Bmjvg I gymjgvb‡ì e¨vcv‡i fyj aviYv †`qv nq
1. Ávb-weÁvb, wkí-mvwnZ¨ I mf¨Zvi Dbœq‡b Bmjv‡gi †Kvb Ae`vb †bB|
2. me wKQy‡ZB Agymwjg‡ì Kv‡Q FwY|
- wKš‘ GK_v Av‡`Š wVK bq-
55
KviY BD‡ivcxqiv Z_v AgymwjgMY gymjgvb‡ì Ávb-weÁvb‡K PP©v K‡i M‡elYv K‡i we‡k¦i DbœZ RvwZ‡Z
cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|
- gymwjg gwblx‡ì Ávb weÁv‡bi Agyj¨ MÖš’¸‡jv‡K wewfbœ fvlvq Abyev` K‡i wb‡R‡ì bv‡g Pvwj‡q w`‡q‡Q|
- wek¦weL¨vZ gwblx‡ì bvg we¯§„Z Kivi Rb¨ AwaKvs‡ki bvg weK…Z K‡i w`‡q‡Q|
3. gymjgvbiv †KviAvb †_‡K `~‡i m‡i‡Q Ges Zv‡ì c~e© cyi“l‡ì Ávb-weÁvb †_‡K wePz¨r nevi Rb¨B
ciwbf©ikxj GKwU RvwZ‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|
4. Bs‡iR kvm‡bi c~‡e© 700 eQi kvmb ¶gZv (fviZ Dcgnv‡`k) wQj gymjgvb‡ì nv‡Z| gymwjg mf¨Zv cÖvq
nvRvi eQi `xN©¯’vqx|
- †Kvb mgvR eë¯’v GZw`b ¯’vqx nqwb|
5. ‡Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`x‡bi 30 eQ‡ii kvmbvgj c„w_ex‡Z †mvbvjx hyM wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ|
 Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡B mvgMÖxK w`K †_‡K †kªô Ges KvjRqx -
- KziAv‡b Avjvn iveŸyj Avjvgxb e‡jb, jvKv` Kvbv jvKzg wd........ (Avnhve 21 bs)
- L„óvb †jLK, HwZnvwmK Gwjqvg gy‡i e‡j‡Qb t He was the mater mind not only of His own age
but of all ages. A_©vr Ògynv¤§` m. †h hy‡M c„w_ex‡Z Avwef~Z
© n‡qwQ‡jb Zv‡K ïay †m hy‡MiB GKRb gbxlx
ejv n‡e bv, eis wZwb wQ‡jb me©Kv‡ji me©hy‡Mi me©‡kªô gbxlx|Ó
- jvjv jvRcvZ ivq t fviZ t ÒAvwg Bmjvg‡K cQ›` Kwi Ges Bmjv‡gi cqM¤î‡K `ywbqvi GKRb †kªô
gnvcyi“l e‡j ¯^xKvi Kwi|Ó
 Avj KziAvb t
- AvaywbK Ávb-weÁv‡bi Drm¯’j n‡”Q Avj KziAvb|
- KziAvb †ndvR‡Zi `vwqZ¡ Avjvni| ÒwbðqB KziAvb AvwgB bvwRj K‡iwQ, Avi Aek¨B Dnvi †ndvR‡Zi
`vwqZ¡ AvgviB| (wnRi 1g i“Kz)
- ivm~j m. e‡jb t
ÒAvwg †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ `yÕwU wRwbl †i‡L hvw”Q| G `ywU‡K †h ch©š— †Zvgiv AvK‡o _vK‡e c_åó n‡ebv| Dnv
nj Avjvni †KZve I ivm~‡ji mybœZ|Ó (†gkKvZ-gyqvËv)
- ‡h e¨w³ DËgiƒ‡c KziAvb cvV KiZ : Dnvi nvjvj nvivg †g‡b Pj‡e, Avjvn Zv‡K †e‡n‡¯— cÖ‡ek
Kiv‡eb| Avi Zvi esk n‡Z Zv‡K Ggb 10 Rb †jv‡Ki mycvwik Kivi AwaKvi †`‡eb hv‡ì cÖwZ Rvnvbœvg
wQj Iqv‡Re|Ó
ÒnhiZ Av‡qkv iv. n‡Z ewY©Z| ivm~‡j Kixg m. e‡j‡Qb, KziAvb Mfxi Áv‡bi AwaKvix e¨w³ whwb wbqZB
KziAvb cvV K‡i _v‡Kb, wZwb bex‡ì m½x n‡eb| Avi whwb Kó K‡i KziAvb cvV K‡ib wZwb wØ¸b cÖwZ`vb
cv‡eb|Ó
 Agymwjg cwÛZMY e‡j‡Qb t
(1) RR© †mj t wbtm‡›`‡n KziAvb Aviex fvlvq m‡e©vËg Ges `ywbqvi me‡P‡q wbf©i‡hvM¨ MÖš’| ‡Kvb gvby‡li
c‡¶B G ai‡bi GKLvbv A‡jŠwKK MÖš’ iPbv Kiv wKQy‡ZB m¤¢e bq| KziAvb g„Z‡K RxweZ Kivi †P‡qI
†kªô †gvÕ‡RRv| GKRb Awkw¶Z †jvK wK K‡i G ai‡bi Î“wUgy³ I bwRiwewnb evK¨vejx iPbv Ki‡Z
cv‡i Zv fvf‡ZI Avðh© jv‡M|Ó
(2) Avibì U‡qbex - wcÖwPs Ae Bmjvg t
ÒKziAv‡bi weavbvejx ¯^qs m¤ú~Y© I c~Y©v½|Ó
(3) Pvj©m d¨vÝ cyUvi t
Ò`ywbqvi †Kvb MÖš’B KziAv‡bi b¨vq †ekx cvV Kiv nqbv| ........... wKš‘ gynv¤§‡ì †KvwU †KvwU Abymvixiv
†hw`b †_‡K K_v ejvi ¶gZv AR©b K‡i †mBw`b †_‡KB ˆ`wbK 5 evi KziAv‡bi `xN© `xN© AvqvZ mgyn cvV
Kiv ïi“ K‡i|Ó
(4) Wv. gwBRDb t
ÒcweÎ KziAvb ïaygvÎ KZ¸wj agx©q weavbvejxi mgwóB bq, eis Dnv‡Z Ggb Ggb mvgvwRK I ivóªxq
weavbejxI i‡q hv †MvUv gvbe RvwZi Rb¨B mgvb Kj¨vYKi|Ó
(5) MvÜx t
ÒAvwg KziAv‡bi wk¶v mg~‡ni Dci M‡elYv K‡i GB wm×v‡š— †cŠu‡QwY †h, KziAvb bvwRjK…Z Avmgvbx
wKZve Ges Dnvi wk¶v mg~n gvbe ¯^fv‡ei mv‡_ m¤ú~Y© mvgÄm¨kxj|Ó
(6) jvj jvRcvZ ivq t fviZ
56
ÒAvwg KziAv‡bi mvgvwRK ivR‰bwZK, AvwZ¡K I ˆbwZK weavbvejx‡K Aš—‡ii mwnZ cQ›` K‡i|Ó
(7) ‡Kv÷ †nvbix t
ÒKziAv‡bi Aa¨q‡bi we‡eK nqivb n‡q hvq †h, GKRb Awkw¶Z †jv‡Ki gyL n‡Z G ai‡bi Kvjvg
wKfv‡e †ei nj|Ó
(8) gynv¤§` m. Gi `vex Avwg me©vš—Ki‡b ¯^xKvi Kwi †h, KziAvb gynv¤§` m. GKwU me©Kvjxb †kªªô †gv‡RRv|Ó
(wg. †evi_ mg~L)
(9) Ò‡ZikZ eQi c‡iI KziAv‡bi wk¶v mg~n GZB Rxeš— †h, Av‡Rv GKRb Svo–`vi gymjgvb n‡q †h †Kvb
Lv›`vbx gymwjg‡ì mv‡_ mgZvi `vex Ki‡Z cv‡i|Ó (wgt fy‡c›`ªbv_ †evm)
(10) ÒBmjvg‡K hviv cÖwZwµqvkxj ag© e‡j wb›`v K‡i, Zviv KziAv‡bi wk¶v‡K mwVKfv‡e Dcjwä Ki‡Z
cv‡iwb|Ó (d«vÝ-‡gvwmDwg©Ie)
(11) Avie gymjgvb‡ì mdjZvi wcQ‡b g~j¨ kw³ wQj t
cvðvZ¨ cwÛZ Bgvby‡qj Wy‡qrP e‡j‡Qb-
ÒGB GKgvÎ MÖš’Lvbvi mvnv‡h¨B Avieiv Av‡jKRvÛvi I †ivg A‡c¶vI e„nËi f~-fvM Rq Ki‡Z m¶g
n‡qwQj| †iv‡gi hZ kZ eQi †j‡MwQj Zv‡ì weRq m¤ú~Y© Ki‡Z, Avie‡ì †j‡MwQj ZZ `kK| GKgvÎ
KziAv‡bi g`‡`B mg¯— †mwgwUK RvwZ mg~‡ni wfZ‡i †Kej Avieiv G‡mwQj BD‡iv‡ci evRvii“‡c
bZzev Bû`xiv G‡mwQj e›`xiƒ‡c, Avi wdwbwmqiv GwmwQj eëmvqx iƒ‡c|Ó
 mvnvexMY D¾j b¶Î t
Avjvgv Be‡b nvRvi mvnvexi msMv w`‡q‡Qb -
Òmvnvex †mn e¨w³ whwb ivm~j m. Gi cÖwZ Cgvb mnKv‡i mv¶vZ jvf K‡i‡Qb Ges Bmjv‡gi DciB g„ZzëiY
K‡i‡Qb|Ó (m~iv Avj dvZvn t 29)
gynv¤§v`yi ivm~j ...
Ògynv¤§` Avjvni ivm~j; Zvi mnPiMY Kvwdi‡ì cÖwZ K‡Vvi Ges wb‡R‡ì ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZ mnvbyf~wZkxj|
Avjvni AbyMÖn I mš‘wói Kvgbvq Zzwg Zv‡ì‡K i“Kz I †mR`vq AebZ †`L‡e| Zv‡ì gyLgÛ‡j wmR`vi wPý
_vK‡e, ZvIiv‡Z Zv‡ì eY©bv GiƒcB Ges BwÄ‡jI|Ó
Ñ ivm~i m. e‡j‡Qb,
Ò Avgvi c‡i Avgvi mvnvex‡ì cvi¯úwiK gZ cv_©K¨ m¤ú‡K© Avgvi ie cÖf~‡K wR‡Ám Kijvg| Avjvn Avgvi
Kv‡Q Iwn cvVv‡jb t †n gynv¤§`, †Zvgvi mvnvexiv Avgvi Kv‡Q AvKv‡ki ZviKv m`„k| ZviKvi gZ ZvivI GKwU
†_‡K Ab¨wU D¾jZi| Zv‡ì weZwK©Z wel‡qi †Kvb GKwU‡K †h AvuK‡o _vK‡e, Avgvi Kv‡Q †m n‡e wn`vqv‡Zi
Dc‡i|Ó
ÒAvgvi D¤§v‡Zi g‡a¨ mvnvex‡ì ¯’vb †Zgb, †hgb Lvev‡ii g‡a¨ je‡bi ¯’vb|Ó
(1) ivm~j m. Gi cÖwZ wek¦vm t
- nhiZ Lvw`Rv iv. cÖ_g wek¦vm ¯’vcbKvix I cÖ_g mvjvZ Av`vqKvix wZwb|
Òivmyj m. ej‡jb t K¶bI bv| gvbyl hLb Avgv‡K wg_¨v e‡j †g‡b wb‡q‡Q| mevB hLb Kvwdi wQj ZLb †m
gymjgvb, †KD hLb Avgvi mvnv‡h¨ GwM‡q Av‡mwb ZLb †m Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i‡Q|Ó
- nhiZ Avey eKi iv. eq¯‹ AvRv` †jvK‡ì g‡a¨ cÖ_g gymjgvb|
- ivm~j m. e‡j‡Qb t Avwg hv‡KB Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ w`‡qwQ, GKgvÎ Avey eKi Qvov cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki g‡a¨ wKQy bv
wKQy wØavi fve j¶¨ K‡iwQ|
- nhiZ nvmvb iv. e‡jb t
wgiv‡Ri K_v ï‡b eû msL¨K gymjgvb Bmjvg Z¨vM K‡ib †jv‡Kiv Avey eK‡ii Kv‡Q wM‡q e‡j t Avey eKi
†Zvgvi eÜz‡K Zzwg wek¦vm Ki? †m e‡j‡Q, †m bvwK MZiv‡Z evBZzj gvK`v‡m wM‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b †m bvgvR
c‡o‡Q, AZci g°vq wd‡i G‡m‡Q| Avey eKi ej‡jb t †Zvgiv wK Zv‡K Awek¦vm Ki? Zviv ejj .... Avey
eKi ej‡jb t Avjvni Kmg, wZwb hw` GK_v e‡j _v‡Kb Zvn‡j mZ¨ K_vB e‡j‡Qb| G‡Z AevK nevi wK
†`L‡j? .
- Awš—g †ivM kh¨vq Dmvgv web Rv‡q‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡ ivm~j m. hy× Awfhv‡b cvwV‡qwQ‡jb-
ÒwZwb Dgv‡ii `vox myU K‡i a‡i e‡jb t Òivm~j m. hv‡K wb‡qvM K‡i‡Qb, Avey eKi Zv‡K Acmvib
Ki‡e?Ó
- Avey eKi ej‡jb t ÒAvjvni Kmg, ivmyjyjvni hy‡M D‡Ui †h ev”PvwU hvKvZ cvVv‡bv n‡Zv GLb hw` †KD
Zv w`‡Z Aw¯^Kvi K‡i Avwg Zvi wei“‡× hy× †NvlYv Ki‡ev|Ó
(2) ivm~j m. cÖwZ fvjevmv -
57
- Lyev‡qi (ivt) GLb †Zvgv‡K hw` †Q‡o †`qv nq ....
- Dgvi dvi“K ivt
ivm~j m. Gi B‡š—vKv‡ji c‡i gmwR‡` beexi mvg‡b †h‡q Zievix †Kvlgy³ K‡i †NvlYv K‡ib t
Ò‡h ej‡e ivm~j m. BbwZKvj K‡i‡Qb, Avwg Zvi gv_v wØLwÛZ K‡i †dj‡ev|Ó
(3) mvnmxKZvi †¶‡Î t
- Dû` hy‡×i wech©‡q cvnv‡oi cv`‡`‡k Avkªq t
Avey mywdqv‡bi WvK........
Igi e‡j DV‡jb t I‡i Avjvni `ykgb! Avgiv mevB †eu‡P AvwQ|Ó
Avey mywdqvb ej‡jv ÔDjy ûej-ûe‡ji Rq †nvKÕ
Dgvi ivt Reve w`‡jb t Avjvû AvÕjv IqvRvjy- Avj-vn gnvb I m¤§vbx|
- gw`bvq hvÎvi c~‡e© wZwb Kvevq ZvIqvd Ki‡jb Zvici †KvivBk‡ì AvÇvq wM‡q †NvlYv Ki‡jb t
ÒAvwg gw`bvq P‡jwQ, †KD hw` Zvi gv‡K cyÎ‡kvK w`‡Z Pvq †m †hb G DcZ¨vKvi Aci cÖv‡š— Avgvi
gy‡LvgywL nq|
(4) AvbyM‡Zï Pig civKvóv cÖ`k©bt
- nhiZ Avjx (ivt) - nhiZ Avey eKi (ivt)
(5) kvnv`v‡Zi Zvgvbœv t
(6) Øxb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ A_© e¨q t
- Avey eKi (ivt) mewKQy w`‡q w`‡qwQ‡jb
beyq‡Zi mgq 40 nvRvi ‡ìnvg
13 eQi ci gw`bvq wnRi‡Zi mgqwQj 2500 †ìnvg
ivm~j m. e‡j‡Qbt
ÒAvwg cÖwZwU gvby‡li Bnmvb cwi‡kva K‡iwQ| wKš‘ Avey eK‡ii Bnmvb mgyn Ggb †h Zv cwi‡kva Ki‡Z Avwg
A¶g| Zvi cÖwZ`vb Avjvn †`‡eb| Zvi A_© Avgvi DcKv‡i †hgb G‡m‡Q, Ab¨ Kv‡iv A_© †Zgb Av‡mwb|
 gymwjg gwblx‡ì g‡a¨ †_‡K t

1. Cgvg Avey nvwbdv t (702 - 772 L„t)
- Bgvg gv‡j‡Ki wbKU †_‡K wZwb nvw`m wk¶v jvf Ki‡Zb hwÌ wZwb 13 eQ‡ii eo wQ‡jb| wZwb wb‡RI
e‡j‡Qb †h,
ÒAvgvi wk¶K Bgvg nv¤§v` (i.) hZw`b †e‡P wQ‡jb ZZw`b Avwg Zvi evoxi w`‡K cv †g‡j ewmwb| Zvi
KviY Avgvi fq nZ †h wk¶‡Ki cÖwZ Avgvi †eqvèx n‡q hvq wKbv?Ó
- wZwb `xN© 40 eQi Gkvi bvgv‡Ri IRy w`‡q dR‡ii bvgvR co‡Zb|Ó
- Ò‡µZvi wbKU hLb G¸‡jv wewµ Ki‡e ZLb Kvc‡oi G †`vl¸‡jv †`wL‡q †`‡e Ges g~j¨ Kg ai‡e|Ó
- c‡i wewµZ Kvc‡oi mgy`q A_© m`Kv K‡i †`b|
2. gvIjvbv gI`~`x (int) G kZvwãi gyRvwÏ
- wZwb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`‡ki cÖwZôvZv Avgxi 70 R‡bi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z G †Nvlbv †`qv nq| 1941-26 †k
AvM÷
- 1903 mv‡j nvB`ªvev‡ì AvIi½ev` kn‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib|
- 1979 mv‡j 22 †m‡Þ¤î mÜ¨v 5.45 wg. B‡š—Kvj|
- 1953 mv‡ji 8 †g dvmxi Av‡`k †`qv| GK mßv‡ni g‡a¨ cÖvY wf¶v PvB‡Z ejv nq|
ÒAvcbviv g‡b ivL‡eb †h, Avwg †Kvb Aciva Kwiwb| Avwg Zv‡ì Kv‡Q wKQy‡ZB cÖvY wf¶v PvBe bv|Ó
- dvmx Kv‡ó BRvie›`wenxb cvqRvgv †`qv n‡j wZwb wR‡Ám K‡ib?
ÒgvIjvbv g„`ynvm¨ mnKv‡i ej‡jb, Av‡i †h cÖvY f‡i kvnv`v‡Zi myav cvb Ki‡Z hv‡”Q †m wK GgbB wb‡e©va
†h AvZ¥nZ¨v K‡i Rvnvbœv‡g hv‡e|Ó
gvIjvbv dvwmi Av‡`‡k wePwjZ n‡q co‡j wZwb ¯^Rb‡ì kvš—bv w`‡q e‡jb- ÒRxeb g„Zzï dqmvjv Rgx‡b
bq, Avmgv‡b|
- 1963 †Z jv‡nv‡i m‡¤§jb-
ÒAvwg hw` e‡m cwo Z‡e `vwo‡q _vK‡e †K?
- Zvi Zvdnxgyj KziAvb I wjLybx|
58
25. wgwWqv mš¿vm t Avgv‡ì cÖPvi †KŠkj
wgwWqv wK?
 wgwWqv `yÕcÖKvi - (K) B‡jKUªwbK wgwWqv (L) wcÖw›Us wgwWqv
 wgwWqvi ¸i“Z¡ I cÖfve t weåvwš—Ki, wg_¨v I D¯‹vbxg~jK Lei Qvwc‡q Ø›Ø-msN‡l©i cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i
Ges Ae¨vnZ AccÖPvi Pvwj‡q e¨w³/`j‡K Rbmg‡¶ †nq cÖwZcbœ Kiv m¤¢e|
wgwWqv mš¿vm wK?
wgwWqv mš¿v‡mi fqsKi iƒc
1) wgwWqv mš¿vm AmZ¨‡K mZ¨ Ges mZ¨‡K wg_¨v evbv‡Z †Póv K‡i|
2) A‡nZzK A‡bï wei“‡× we‡Øl Qovq
3) D¯‹vbx w`‡q Ø›Ø, msNl© evavq
4) RbgZ‡K weåvš— K‡i
5) Sensitive news Qwo‡q nVvr D‡ËRbv Qovq|
6) `ªe¨g~‡jï Dci wbDR †j gRyZ`viMY `ªe¨g~j¨ e„w× Kivi d‡j Rb`~‡f©vM ev‡o
7) wgwWqv mš¿vm my‡hvM mÜvbx‡ì ¯^v_© nvwmj K‡i|
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi wei“‡× wgwWqv mš¿vm †Kb?
1) RvgvqvZ evsjv‡`‡k m¤¢vebvgq GKwU Bmjvgx ivR‰bwZK kw³
2) RvgvqvZ G‡`‡k Bmjvg cÖwZôv Ki‡Z Pvq|
3) RvgvqvZ Av`‡k©i e¨vcv‡i Av‡cvlnxb! RvgvqvZ †bZ…e„›`‡K A_©, cÖ‡jvfb w`‡q µq Kiv hvq bv|
4) RvgvqvZ mvgªvRëv`x kw³i wei“‡× K_v e‡j|
5) Rvgvqv‡Zi Kvi‡Y Pvi`‡ji HK¨ AUzU Av‡Q|
6) Pvi`jxq HK¨ †Rv‡U fv½b m„wói †Póv
7) Bmjvgx `‡ji g‡a¨ A‰bK¨ m„wói D‡Ïk¨
8) evsjv‡`k GKwU MYZvwš¿K gymwjg †`k| gymwjg †`k¸‡jv‡Z MYZš¿ _vKzK GUv cwðgv kw³ AvwacZëv`x I
Bû`xev`xI Pvq bv| RvgvqvZ DbœZ I mg„×kvjx evsjv‡`k MV‡b wek¦vmx| ZvB RvgvqvZ‡K `~e©j Kiv A_©vr
evsjv‡`k‡K `~e©j Kivi Rb¨ Rvgvqv‡Zi wei“‡× GB wgwWqv mš¿vm|
9) evsjv‡`‡ki gymwjg RvwZmËv, BwZnvm-HwZn¨, KvjPvi BZ¨vwì cÖwZ weiƒc g‡bvfve ˆZix
Rvgvqv‡Zi cÖPv‡ii j¶¨
1) Rvgvqv‡Zi D‡Ïk¨ j¶¨ I Kg©KvÛ RbM‡Yi mvg‡b Zz‡j aiv Ges Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖwZ RbgZ m„wó Kiv|
2) ‡bZ…e„‡›ì e³e¨ Rbkw³i Kv‡Q †cŠuQv‡bv|
3) Rbkw³‡K m‡PZb Kiv|
4) we‡ivax‡ì AccÖPv‡ii hyw³ msMZ Reve †`qv|
cwiKíbv t
1) ¯^í †gqv`x 2) `xN© †gqv`x
¯^í †gqv`x cwiKíbv t
 cÖwZw`b Rvgvqv‡Zi Kg©KvÛ wgwWqv‡Z Avbv
 ‡KŠkj
1) mgqgZ wbDR ˆZix K‡i mgqgZ cwÎKvq cvVv‡bv| we‡Kj 5-6 Uvi g‡a¨ wbDR cvVv‡bv|
59
2) wbDR msw¶ß Kiv Ges g~j K_v¸‡jv Avbv| wbDR ˆZixi wbqgvw` AbymiY Kiv|
3) nv‡Zi †jLv bv w`‡q Kw¤úDUv‡i K‡¤úvR K‡i †`qv
4) wbDR cvVv‡bvi ci cwÎKvq Qvcv‡bvi Rb¨ evZ©v m¤úv`K‡K Aby‡iva Kiv
5) cwÎKvq wbDR Qvcv n‡j abëv` Rvbv‡bv|
6) cwÎKvi wi‡cvU©vi‡ì mv‡_ e¨w³MZ m¤úK© m„wó Kiv|
7) gv‡S gv‡S wi‡cvU©vi‡ì GKwÎZ K‡i Avc¨vqb Kiv|
8) Rbmfv A_ev eo mgv‡ek n‡j c~‡e©B †hvMv‡hvM Kiv, m¤¢e n‡j †cÖm weªwds †`qv Ges †cÖvMÖv‡gi w`b nvwRi
Kiv‡bvi †Póv Kiv|
9) AvMZ mvsevw`K‡ì Af¨_©bv I Avc¨vq‡bi mye‡›`ve¯— ivLv|
10) wbDR cvVv‡bvi †¶‡Î mn‡hvwMZv Kiv (†dvb, d¨v· BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g)
11) RvZxq cwÎKv QvovI ¯’vbxq cwÎKv¸‡jvi mvsevw`K‡ì mv‡_ m¤úK© m„wó Ges wbqwgZ Lei cvVv‡bv
12) ‡cÖm wiwjR `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì c¶ †_‡K †`‡L †`qv|
13) Kgx©‡ì‡K cÎ cwÎKvq †jLvi Rb¨ DØy× Kiv| wPwV-cÎ Kjv‡g †jLvi Rb¨ AbycÖvwYZ Kiv|
14) cwÎKvq †Kvb fv‡jv Dcm¤úv`Kxq Avm‡j †jLK‡K abëv` Rvbv‡bv|
15) B‡jKwUªK wgwWqvi ¯’vbxq cÖwZwbwai mv‡_ fv‡jv m¤úK© m„wó Kiv|
16) B‡jKUªwbK wgwWqvi wbDR, Abyôvbvw` †`Lv I Rvgvhv‡Zi wec‡¶ †Kvb wKQy Avm‡j mv‡_ mv‡_ cÖwZwµqv
†`Lv‡bv, wPwVcÎ A_ev †dv‡bi gva¨‡g †hvMv‡hvM Kiv|
17) bZzb cwÎKv †ei n‡jB wbR¯^ †jvK‡ì mvsevw`K wn‡m‡e XyKv‡bvi †Póv Kiv|
`xN© †gqv`x cwiKíbv t
1) mvsevw`K ˆZixi Rb¨ cÖwk¶Y †`qv
2) Kjvwg÷ ˆZixi †Póv (hviv wjL‡Z cv‡i Zv‡ì cÖwk¶Y †`qv I DrmvwnZ Kiv Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b mn‡hvwMZv Kiv)
3) Rvb©vwjR‡g QvÎ‡ì‡K fwZ© nevi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Kiv|
4) wbR¯^ mvsevw`K‡ì cÖwk¶‡Yi e¨vcv‡i mn‡hvwMZv Kiv|
5) I‡qe mvBU ˆZix Kiv Ges RvgvqvZ m¤ú‡K© I‡qe mvB‡U Z_¨ †`qv|
g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e wgwWqv AZ¨š— Pjgvb I AMÖMwZkxj GKwU gva¨g| bZzb bZzb c×wZ †ei n‡j mv‡_ mv‡_ Zvi mv‡_
mshy³ nIqv Ges Zvi cÖhyw³MZ ÁvbvR©b Kiv|
26. ‡bZ…Z¡ ˆZwi I msMVb cwiPvjbv

-wkwe‡ii cÖwZôv n‡q‡Q †bZ…Z¡ ˆZwii R‡b¨
Bmjvgx mgvR cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ evwnbx ˆZwii D‡Ï‡k¨
AvZœMVb t
 ‡bZ…Z¡ ˆZwii Av‡MB wb‡R‡K ˆZwi Ki‡Z n‡e|
 AvZœMVb Qvov †bZ…Z¡ ˆZwi nq bv
 AvZœMVb gv‡b wb‡Ri bd‡mi Dci wbqš¿Y jvf
1. bd‡mi Dci wbqš¿Y _vK‡j †m AvZœMVb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
- bdm‡K Dictate Kivi gZ kw³ AR©b
2. †KviAv‡b Avg‡j mv‡jn Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q; GUv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e
1. Avjvi mš‘wó AR©‡bi Abyf~wZ Zxeª n‡Z n‡e- †jvK †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨ bq
- †Kqvg‡Zi w`b wePv‡ii Rb¨ WvKv n‡e
 knx`  `vZv  K¡vix/Av‡jg
2. bvgvh Ges e‡›`Mxi Abyf~wZ
- Rvgv‡Z bvgvh - Lyï Lyhyi mv‡_ bvmvh Av`vq
- mvZvj k‡ãi e¨vL¨v - wbðq bvgvh mg¯— dv‡nkv KvR †_‡K weiZ iv‡L
- AvBb Rvbvi Practice - bvgvh I co‡Q AkxjZvI Ki‡Q Zv n‡j eySv
- AvmmvjvZzj †givRyj gyÕwgwbb hv‡e h_v_© bvgvh n‡”Q bv
60
- bvgv‡h dvwK †`qv cÖebZv cÖgvY K‡i me RvqMvq `ye©jZv Av‡Q
3. Aa¨qb
 cvV¨cy¯—K  Rvbvi AvMÖn evov‡Z n‡e
 Bmjvgx eB cy¯—K  wbZ¨bZzb Ávb Avnib / Latest
 mgmvgwqK K‡ji cwiw¯’wZ Rvbv information
 Education is the name of some combination of informmation
- wk¶v n‡”Q KZ¸‡jv Z‡_ï GKÎxKi‡Yi bvg - Áv‡bi ¯^íZv †i‡L †bZ…Z¡ †`qv hvq bv|
- hvi Kv‡Q hZ‡ewk Information wZwb ZZ †ewk - ‡bZvB GKUv g‡Wj
cwÛZ
1 fvlvwfwËK Ávb
- At least two languages - evsjv, Bs‡iRx A_ev Aviex
- Kgc‡¶ 2 wU fvlv
4. †hvM¨Zvi weKvk mva‡b hZœevb nIqv
· mvabvi †Kvb weKí †bB
· Kg †hvM¨Zv ev †gav ZvK‡jI mvabvi gva¨‡g A‡bK wKQz AR©b Kiv hvq|
· gQbex kixd wjL‡Z gvIjvbv iƒgx‡K A‡bK mvabv Ki‡Z n‡q‡Q
· c„w_exi †Kvb wKQzB mvabv Qvov nq bv
5. mg‡qi mwVK eënvi
· ‡Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB mgq bó bv Kiv
· mg‡qi GK †duvo Amg‡qi `k †duvo
· mg‡qi ¸i“Z¡ †evSvevi Kvi‡Y Avjvn †KviAv‡b mg‡qi Kmg †L‡q‡Qb
· AvBmwµg we‡µZvi †Nvlbv mg‡qi ¸i“Z¡ †evSvi DrK…ó D`vnib
· 5 wU wRwb‡mi c~‡e© 5wU wRwbm †K MwbgZ g‡b Ki‡e
- eva©¨‡Ki c~‡e© ‡hŠeb - Amy¯Z ’ vi c~‡e© my¯’Zv‡K
- `vwi‡`ªi c~‡e© cÖvPzh© -g„Zzï c~‡e© Rxeb‡K
- e¨¯—Zvi c~‡e© Aemi
6. we‡kl †hvM¨Zv AR©b
· Bmjvgx ¸bvejxi cvkvcvwk
· Technical ‡hvM¨Zv AR©b
1. ‡jLwb kw³ 6. XvKv kn‡i B‡ËdvK P‡j 60
2. evwMœZv nvRvi Avi msMÖvg P‡j 1200
3. Kw¤úDUvi 7. fvj Colamist †bB, bZzb †jvK
4. WªvBwfs †bB
5. fvlv Ávb
9. gvbyl‡K wKQz †`qv ev `vb Kivi cÖebZv
∙ `vb Kivi ga¨ w`‡qB e¨w³‡K mn‡RB ek Kiv hvq
∙ hviv wKQz w`‡Z cv‡i bv †jv‡Kiv Zv‡ì fvjev‡mbv|
∙ gvIjvbviv ïay wb‡Z I †L‡Z cv‡i; w`‡Z Rv‡b bv
- GB ai‡bi K_v mgv‡R Pvjy Av‡Q
10. mgv‡jvPbv I civgk© MÖnb Kiv
∙ mgv‡jvPbv MÖnY Kivi mentality kª×v‡eva RvMÖZ K‡i
∙ civgk© MÖnY Ki‡j †jv‡Kiv DrmwvnZ nq
∙ KviI civgk© Lv‡Uv K‡i bv †`Lv
∙ mvgvb¨ mgv‡jvPbv‡K AvZœms‡kvabxi gvbwmKZv wb‡q MÖnb Kiv
11. AvZœm‡PZbv m„wó t
∙ wb‡Ri Personality m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb
∙ wb‡Ri †hvM¨Zvi e¨vcv‡i ¯úó Idea
61
∙ wb‡Ri Capability Abyhvqx K_v ejv
∙ cwi‡ek ey‡S Option †Ìqv Dictate Kiv
∙ wb‡Ri †Kvb PvjPjb,AvPvi-AvPib,f~wgKv Ac‡ii gv‡S wKfv‡e M„nxZ n‡”Q Zv gyj¨vqb
Kiv
∙ wb‡Ri mvg‡_©i evB‡i †Kvb wKQz cÖZ¨vkv bv Kiv
12.Aš—`„wó t
∙ ‡Kvb wel‡qi MfxiZv Dcjw× ∙ evZv‡m MÜ †`‡L cwi‡ek AvP Kiv
c`‡¶c wb‡j wK cwZweªqv n‡e Zvi w`‡K †Lqvj Kiv
‡bZ…Z¡ ev †jvK ˆZixi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb t

1. †gavex,mvnmx,†gŠwjK gvbexq ¸bveYx m¤úbœ †jvK evQvB
∙ evQvB A_©vr Uv‡©MU Ggbfv‡e wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z †KD bv Rv‡b
∙ Uv‡©MU wba©vi‡bB †jvK ˆZixi A‡a©K KvR m¤úbœ nq
∙ ivmyj(mt) Dgvi I Avey †R‡n‡ji †n`vqv‡Zi R‡b¨ †`vqv K‡i‡Qb
2. mvnPh© `vb t
∙ e¨w³MZ †QvneZB †jvK ˆZixi DËg cš’v
∙ wb‡Ri e¨w³Z¡,†hvM¨Zv,Avgjx wR‡›`Mxi cÖfve w`‡q †jvK ˆZixi cš’vB ¯’vwqZ¡ jvf K‡i
∙ åvZ…Z¡ I fv‡jvevmvi mgš^q mvab Ki‡Z n‡e
∙ G‡Kev‡iB nvjKv bv nIqv
3. eyw×e„wËK Ávb AR©‡bi w`‡K bRi ivL‡Z n‡e
∙ wfwË Qvov cÖmv` ¯’vqx nq bv| mvgvb¨ So ev fywgK‡¤ú wfwËnxb cÖmv` `yg‡o c‡o hvq
∙ hvi g‡a¨ Av`wk©K Ávb ev eyw×e„wËK †hvM¨Zv Mfxi ch©v‡q DbœxZ nqwb †m †h‡Kvb gyû‡Z© wQU‡K co‡Z
cv‡i|
∙ †KiAvb GB Rb¨ 13 eQi ch©š— †jvK‰Zwii ZvwM` w`‡qwQj|
4. mKj‡K mgvb bR‡i †`Lv t
∙ mevB ‡hb g‡b K‡ib `vwqZ¡kxj Zv‡KB fvjevm‡Qb
∙ mK‡ji gv‡S Bbmvd Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j †Kqvg‡Zi w`b KwVb Revew`nx Ki‡Z n‡e
5. gayi AvwZœK m¤úK©
 Psychological Involvement  m¤úK© wbg©j wb¯úvc
 Av‡e‡Mi eÜ‡b Ave×
6. gh©v`v `vb t
 gvbyl‡K Due gh©v`v w`‡Z n‡e  gh©v`v †c‡j gvbyl K…ZÁ nq
 gh©`v gvby‡li Kv‡Q LyeB ¸i“Z¡c~Y©  ivm~j (mt) wb‡Ri Mv‡qi Pvì w`‡q‡Qb mvnvex
 mK‡jB PvB Zvi ¸i“Z¡ †Ìqv ‡nvK (ivt) †K emvi Rb¨
7. bRi ivLv
1 Rbkw³i Dc‡i Zx¶è bRi ivLv
2 Zvi AvMÖn DÏxcbvi e¨vcv‡i AeMZ nIqv
3 ‡Kvb e³e¨ †Ìqvi mgq Observation Gi Av‡jv‡K †Ìqv
4 ‡gRvR, Avè, K…wó †mŠRb¨Zv, K_vevZ©v, †jb‡`b cÖf„wZ †¶‡Î bRi ivLv
8. AvZœ wek¦vm m„wó t
1 Confidence ev Avkvev` m„wó Kiv
2 ‡Kvb KvR Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j wbi“rmvwnZ bv Kiv
3 ‡QvU †QvU KvR w`‡q Af¨¯— K‡i †Zvjv
9. Î“wU `~ixKiY t
1 gvbe mgvR †_‡KB gvby‡li ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`qvi gZ †jvK ˆZwi K‡iwQ‡jb ivm~j (mt)
2 ‡d‡ikZv G‡m KvR Ki‡e bv
3 fvj †jvK ˆZwii Rb¨ Î“wUIqvjv †jvK‡ì Î“wU `~i K‡i fvj c‡_ Avb‡Z n‡e
62
4 Î“wUc~Y© Dgi †kªô Dg‡i cwiYZ n‡qwQj
5 Lvwj` web Iqvwj` mvBdzjvn Dcvwa †c‡qwQj
10. `vwqZ¡ w`‡q `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi my‡hvM K‡i †Ìqv t
1 `vwqZ¡cvj‡b MvBWjvBb I Drmvn †Ìqv
2 ev¯—ewfwËK Î“wU awi‡q †Ìqv
3 gv‡S gv‡S Abycw¯’Z †_‡K `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv‡bv
11. mgv‡jvPbv I wZi¯‹vi eR©b t
1 c„w_ex‡Z mnR KvR mgv‡jvPbv 4 ùvwo‡q Af¨_©bv Rvbv‡Z Af¨¯—
2 gvóvwi gvóvwi fve cwinvi 5 gyi“eŸx‡ì mvg‡b nv¤^wi fve cwinvi
3 gy`ªv‡`vl cwinvi 6 ‡KD Avm‡j ivm~j (mt) b‡o P‡o em‡Qb
12. ‡ckv wba©vi‡bi w`K wb‡`©kbv t
1 Practical civgk© 3 ‡eKvi †jvK ˆZwi K‡i †Kvb Kj¨vb n‡e bv
2 mvg‡_©ï Av‡jv‡K MvBW Kiv 4 AvZœwbf©ikxjZv AR©‡bi c_ wb‡`©k
13. mvgvwRK Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖn‡bi my‡hvM t
1 cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv
2 we‡q Rvbvhv BZvw`‡Z AskMÖnY
3 Avc¨vqb Dcnvi BZ¨vw`‡Z Af¨¯— Kiv
4 mvgvwRK Kv‡R AskMÖn‡b †hvM¨Zv, cwiwPwZ, cwiwa I AwfÁZv ev‡o
14. hv‡K ˆZwi Ki‡Z Pvb Zvi Rb¨ Avjvni ìev‡i wbf„‡Z dwiqv` Kiv
msMVb cwiPvjbv t
1. cwiKíbv ˆZix (Planing)
Distribution
Supervision
Report
Review
∙ Balance Plan
∙ `ª“Z me wKQz K‡i †djvi Tendency cwinvi
∙ ‡ewkI bq KgI bq Ggb Plan ˆZwi
2. cwiKíbv ev¯—evqb
1 Plane K‡i bq ev¯—evqbB Avmj KvR
2 Kv¸‡R Plane Gi †Kvb g~j¨ †bB
3. Kv‡Ri AMÖvwaKvi ZvwjKv
1 g~j e¨w³‡ì Standered wVK ivLv 3 kvLv h_v_©fv‡e cwiPvjbv
2 m`m¨ mv_x‡ì gvb msi¶Y
4. Dictate Kivi gvbwmKZv cwinvi
1 ûKzg`vix Kiv wVK bq 5 wb‡`©k (Command) †PvL ivOv‡bv,
2 ‰¯îvPvix g‡bvfve cwinvi `‡qv‡MvwMix cwinvi
3 A‡bï gZvg‡Zi ¸i“Z¡ cÖ`vb 6 e` †gRvR cwinvi
4 ¶wZKi bv n‡j A‡bï gZ MÖnY K‡i 7 Formal eënvi ev` †`qv
Drmvn cÖ`vb 8 Informal eënvi Qvov †jvK ˆZwi n‡e
bv
5. AwZwi³ Mv¤¢xh©Zv cwinvi
1 Friendship ev Lovely Nature Gi 2 ‡bZv †bZv fve cwinvi
†jv‡Kiv †jvK ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i 3 D`viZvi ¸b AR©b
63
4‡Kvb wKQzB Seceriously bv †bqv 5 Liberal Mentality –i AR©b
6. Serious ControlGi g‡bvfve cwinvi
7. Aa¯—b‡ì Dci ‡`vl Pvcv‡bv hv‡e bv
1 e¨_©Zvi `vwqZ¡ wb‡R gv_v †c‡Z †bqv
2 A‡bï hZUzKz e¨_©Zv ZZUzKzB ejv, bv ejvB DËg
8. wb‡Ri †hvM¨Zvi mKj wKQz DRvo K‡i †`qv
1. Avgvi Prestige _vK‡e bv g‡b K‡i †hvM¨ e¨w³‡K `wg‡q ivLv; Show bv Kiv BZ¨vw` cwinvi
27. cwiKíbv MÖnb I ev¯—evqb

f~wgKv-
hw` Avgiv cwiKíbv Ki‡Z e¨_© nB , Zvn‡j Avgiv e¨_© nIqvi cwiKíbvB MÖnb Kijvg
cwiKíbvwenxb KvR gv‡bB D‡Ïk¨ wenxb KvR
Well plan is half done
cwiKíbvi m~Pbv nq A_©bxwZi †¶‡Î mgvRZvwš¿K ivwkqvq , cieZx© chv©‡q cyuwRev`x †`‡kI ivóªxq I cÖvB‡fU
†m±‡i m¤ú‡ì cvuPkvjv ,`kkvjv cwiKíbv M„nxZ nq
cwiKíbv GKwU ‡UKwbK¨vj welq ,GwelqwU‡K h_vh_fv‡e Kv‡R jvwM‡q msMVb‡K mdjZvi P~ovš— gwÄ‡j wb‡q
‡h‡Z n‡e |
Bmjvgx wec‡ei& D‡Ïk¨ ïaygvÎ ¶gZv `Lj ev ¶gZvi iè`j bq eis mgvRKvVv‡gvi GK ‰ecweK cwieZ©b ,
wjwLZ I AwjwLZ cwiKíbv Qvov GB KvR m¤¢e bq |
cwiKíbvi m½v
1.mvsMVwbK D‡Ïk¨ nvwm‡ji Rb¨ wewfbœ Kvhv©ejx D™¢ve‡bi gva¨‡g fwel¨r m¤ú‡K© aviYv Kiv Ge&s Z_¨ msMÖn
Kivi c×wZ‡K cwiKíbv ejv nq |
2.AZxZ AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K eZ©gvb I fwel¨r ev¯—eZv‡K mvg‡b †i‡L †Kvb wbw`©ó j‡¶¨ †cŠQv‡bv ev D‡Ïk¨
mva‡bi Rb¨ AMÖxg Kv‡Ri ZvwjKv cÖYqb‡K cwiKíbv e‡j |
3.cwiKíbv gv‡bB av‡c av‡c †Kvb j‡¶¨ †cŠQvi cÖvYvš—Ki cÖ‡Póv
cwiKíbvi cÖKvi†f`
Ñmywbw`©ó †Kvb Uv‡M©‡U †cŠQ‡Z n‡j wZb ai‡Yi cwiKíbv MÖnb Ki‡Z nq
1.`xN© †gqv`x cwiKíbv
ÑmsMVb †hw`‡K GwM‡q hvIqv DwPr †mw`‡K j¶¨ †i‡L `xN© †gqv`x cwiKíbv cÖYqb‡K †KŠkjMZ cwiKíbv ejv nq |
2.ga¨‡gqv`x cwiKíbv
ÑGwU ev¯—evq‡b evwl©K /wØevwl©K cwiKíbv MÖnb
3.¯^í †gqv`x cwiKíbv
Ñwbw`©ó Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g Zzjbvg~jK fv‡e `ª“Z djjv‡fi Rb¨ ¯^í †gqv`x cwiKíbv cÖYqb‡K †KŠkj MZ ev¯—evqb
cwiKíbv ejv nq|
#G‡¶‡Î KiYxq
1.†h‡Kvb g~‡j¨ Uv‡M©U ev¯—evqb 3.mgm¨v I m¤¢vebv wePvi K‡i wm×vš—
2.wbw`©ó mg‡q KvR †kl Kiv
#cwiKíbv MÖn‡bi mgq †hme wel‡q j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e

1. Rbkw³i Ae¯’v 3. we‡ivax kw³i ZrciZv 5. mgqmxgv wba©viY
2. A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v 4. cwi‡ek wePvi
#mvsMVwbK w`K †_‡K cwiKíbv `yB ai‡Yi
1.Rbkw³i cwiKíbv 2.Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv
@.Rbkw³i cwiKíbv `yB ai‡Yi
1.ev‡qvWvUv msMÖn Kiv
G‡¶‡Î j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e ===
64
K.wk¶vMZ †hvM¨Zv M.mvgvwRK Ae¯’v
L. †gavwfwËK ‡kªYxweb¨vm N.mvsMVwbK †hvM¨Zv
2.gvb Abyhvqx fvM K‡i ‡`qv
K.A - Group L.B- Group M.C- Group
G‡¶‡Î †gavex I ‡hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ †ì g~j¨vqb Kiv
@Rbkw³‡K †hme ¸Yvejx‡Z DØy× Kiv cÖ‡qvRb
1. MYgyLx PwiÎ 5. cwikªg wcÖqZv
2. AvwLivZ wfwËK Rxeb 6. ‰ah¨©kxj
3. ZvK¡Iqv 7. BwZnvm I HwZ‡nï h_v_© Ávb
4. AvgvbZ`vix
@Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv -
cÖ_‡gB AMÖvwaKvi wfwË‡Z Kv‡Ri GKwU wj÷ ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e |
AvR/Gmßv‡n/Ggv‡m/G eQ‡i wK wK KvR Ki‡ev | AZtci ¸i“Z¡vbymv‡i †kªYxe× Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb Ñ
1.Grade – A : Most important work
AvRB Kiv ìKvi Ges Avgv‡KB Ki‡Z n‡e |
2.Grade – B : Very important work
AvRB Kiv ìKvi Z‡e A‡bï mn‡hvwMZv ‡bqv †h‡Z cv‡i
3.Grade – C :Important work
AvMvgx Kvj Ki‡jI Pj‡e
4.Grade – D: Less important work
Kg ¸i“Z¡c~Y©,Ki‡j Kj¨vY Av‡Q bv Ki‡j ¶wZ †bB |
D`vniYt Most important work Ges Very important work
Avcwb cwi¶v_©x ,mKvj `kUvq cix¶v ,Iw`‡K gv Amy¯’¨ , Zv‡K nvmcvZv‡j wb‡Z n‡e Ñ G‡¶‡Î Avcwb wK Ki‡eb ?
@Gg.we.I c×wZ‡Z cwiKíbv&
Management by objectives (MBO) ev D‡Ïk¨ Abyhvqx eë¯’vcbv |
Gg.we.I cwiKíbvi 4 wU ch©vq |
K.cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnb M.†hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb ev Rvbv‡bv
L.wm×vš— MÖnb N.wbqš¿b
K.cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnb
cwiKíbv c×wZi cÖ¯‘wZ ch©v‡q msMVb‡K †hmKj KvR Kiv DwPZ :
1.D‡Ïk¨ mg~n‡K ¯úó Ges wbw`©ófv‡e e¨³ Kiv
2.G¸wji Dc‡i cÖfvekxj mKj mZ¨ NUbv , Z_¨cywÄ , gZvgZ Ges AwfÁZv msMÖn Kiv
3.cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡bi mv‡_ cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶fv‡e RwoZ mK‡ji mv‡_ civgk© Kiv
L.wm×vš— MÖnb
Gch©v‡q msMVb‡K †h mKj KvR Ki‡Z n‡e
1.mKj Z_¨cywÄ ev WvUv we‡klY Kiv Ges m¤¢ve¨ mKj djvd‡ji WvUv Zz‡j aiv
2.weKí Kv‡Ri aviv wPš—v K‡i cÖwZwU weKí‡K D‡Ï‡k¨ i w`‡K wb‡q hvIqv
3.weKí¸wji g~j¨vqb Kiv Ges m‡e©vËgwU MÖnb Kiv
4.ev¯—em¤§Z , ev¯—evqb‡hvM¨ Ges wePvi‡hvM¨ Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv hvq Ggb gvb wba©vib Kiv
M.†hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb ev Rvbv‡bv
GKwU ev¯—e cwiKíbv Mªnb Kivi ci Rvbv‡bvi ch©v‡q Av‡m |
1.j¶¨w¯’Z e¨w³‡ì m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ †R‡b wm×vš— wb‡Z n‡e †h , cwiKíbvi mv‡_ Kviv RwoZ _vK‡eb (cÖZ¨¶ ev
c‡iv¶fv‡e)
2.Zv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vc‡bi m‡e©vËg gva¨g mg~n evQvB I cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z n‡e |
3.cwiKíbvfy³ wbav©wiZ KvR ev¯—evq‡b wKQyUv bgbxqZv ev cwieZ©‡bi my‡hvM †i‡L wbwðZfv‡e †`L‡Z n‡e †h ,
cÖ‡Z¨‡K †hb cwiKíbvwU ey‡Sb Ges Zv mg_©b K‡ib |
N.wbqš¿Y
wbqš¿b ch©v‡q †hmKj w`K¸‡jv we‡eP¨ t
1.†cÖvMÖvg g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ †PKc‡q›U emv‡Z n‡e |
65
2.c~ev©fv‡li mv‡_ mwZ¨Kvi djvd‡ji Zzjbv Ki‡Z n‡e |
3.cÖ‡qvvR‡b ms‡kvabx c`‡¶c wb‡Z n‡e | †Kbbv †k‡li wech©‡qi †P‡q cw_g‡aï ms‡kvab A‡bK fv‡jv |
@Kvh©Kix cwiKíbvi êwkó¨
1.mywbw`©ó nIqv
Ñ wbw`©ó Kv‡Ri w`‡K m`m¨‡ì‡K wb‡q hvIqvi Rb¨ cwiKíbv mywbw`©ó nIqv cÖ‡qvRb |
2.KvRwfwËK
Ñ cwiKíbv Aek¨B KvRwfwËK n‡e ,bv AwZ KwVb bv AwZ mnR |
ÑmnR‡eva¨ fvlvq Zv e¨³ Ki‡Z n‡e |
3.cwieZ©b‡hvM¨
4.mvgÄm¨kxj
-e„nrfv‡e gymwjg D¤§vni D‡Ïk¨ I j‡¶ï mv‡_ cwiKíbv Aek¨B mvgÄm¨kxj n‡e |
@cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡b mgm¨v
9. cwiw¯’wZi mwVK g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z bv cviv 15. cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKi‡Yi Afve
10. A_©‰bwZK mgm¨v 16. `vIqvZx Kv‡R Rbkw³i AskMÖnb Kg
11. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì mxgve×Zv 17. ‡h ‡h wel‡q †hvM¨ Zv‡K †mwel‡q Kv‡R bv
12. MZvbyMwZK cwiKíbv MÖnb jvMv‡bv
13. Zwor dj jv‡fi wPš—vKiv 18. e¨vcK AccÖPvi
14. mgm¨v m¤¢vebvi Av‡jv‡K cwiKíbv MÖnb bv Kiv
@mgvavb
1. eQ‡ii cÖ_g †_‡KB cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K h_vh_ 6. ‡eBR Gwiqv gReyZ Kiv
†gvwU‡fkb Pvjv‡bv 7. cwiKíbv evievi chv©‡jvPbv Kiv
2. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì gv‡S cwiKíbv e›Ub K‡i †`qv 8. Rbkw³i mwVK cwimsL¨vb I †kªYxweb¨vm Kiv
3. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì AwaKZi cwikªg wcªq nIqv 9. cwiKíbv MÖn‡bi mgq ev¯—e Ae¯’vi cÖwZ j¶¨
4. Rbkw³‡K Áv‡bi RM‡Z †kªôZ¡ AR©‡bi cÖwZ ivLv
¸i“Z¡ Av‡ivc K‡i 10. M„nxZ cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡b wm×v‡š—i cÖwZ
5. Bbd‡g©kb †mj MVb AUj _vKv |
@cwiKíbvi Bb‡fjvc: Q-8 ¯‹xg
A¨vKkb cvb ˆZwii Rb¨ cwiKíbvi Bb‡fjc eënvi n‡q _v‡K| cwiKíbvKvix KZ„K Aek¨B †Ìqv AvUwU cÖkœ Øviv GB
Bb‡fjc ‰Zwi Kiv nq|
1. cwiKíbv cÖY‡qvb cÖ‡Póv D‡Ïk¨ wK? 5. KLb ev¯—evqb me‡P‡q Kvh©Ki n‡e?
2. ‡Kb GB D‡Ïk¨ A_©c~b©? 6. wK Li‡P, †Kvb mg‡q RbM‡bi gv‡S GB
3. ‡K GB cwiKíbvi `k©KgÛjx ev ev¯— cwiKíbv djcÖmy n‡e?
evqbKvix? 7. ‡Kvb DcKv‡ii cÖZ¨vkvq GB cwiKíbv cÖwYZ
4. Zviv wKfv‡e GB D‡Ïk¨ AR©b Ki‡e? n‡q‡Q?
# gymjgvb QvÎ‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡ cÖwk¶‡bi D`vnib:
Q -1 wK?
GB cwiKíbvi D‡Ïk¨ wK?
D`vnib: gymjgvb QvÎ‡bZv‡ì†K AwaKZi fvjfv‡e KvR Kivi Rb¨ cÖwkw¶Z Kiv|
Q -2 ‡Kb?
‡Kb GB D‡Ïk¨ A_©c~b©?
D`vnib: Zv‡ì cwiPvwjZ msMVb †hb AwaKZi Kvh©Ki nq|
Q -3 ‡K?
‡K GB cwiKíbvi `k©KgÛjx ev ev¯—evqbKvix n‡e?
D`vnib: myax gÛjx Ges Rbkw³|
Q -4 wKfv‡e?
Zviv wKfv‡e GB cÖ‡Póvi D‡Ïk¨ m¤úv`b Ki‡e?
D`vnib: wk¶vwkwei Ges covkybvi gva¨‡g|
Q -5 KLb?
ev¯—evqb me‡P‡q †ewk Kvh©Ki n‡e| D`vnib: wec‡ei mv‡_ mv‡_|
66
Q -6 †Kv_vq?
GwU me‡P‡q †ewk Kvh©Ki n‡e? D`vnib: BwÛqvbvq Aew¯’Z BmjvwgK †m›Uv‡i|
Q -7 KZ Li‡P?
D`vnib: cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx|
Q -8 wK DcKvi n‡e?
D`vnib: Bbkvjvn GB msMV‡bi AvIZvaxb mKj gymjxg I Agymjxg AwaKZi fvj †mev I `vIqvZ cv‡e|
# nhiZ b~n (Avt) Gi †bŠKvi NUbv:
Q -1 wK?
GB cwiKíbvi D‡Ïk¨ wK? D`vnib: wbe©vwPZ RxweZ‡ì wbivc` ¯’v‡b ¯’vbvš—i|
Q -2†Kb?
‡Kb GB cwiKíbv A_©c~b©? D`vnib: hv‡Z eb¨vi c‡i Zviv †e‡P _vK‡Z cv‡i|
Q -3 †K?
Kviv GB cwiKwY&cZ Kv‡R ‡kªvZvgÛjx Ges ev¯—evqbKvix n‡e?
D`vnib: nhiZ b~n (Avt) Zvi Abymvix gyÕgxbMb Ges wewfbœ cÖKvi †Rvove×cï|
Q -4 wKfv‡e?
Zviv wKfv‡e GB cÖ‡Póvi D‡Ïk¨ m¤úv`b Ki‡e?
D`vnib: mvM‡i hvZvqv‡Zi †Kvb bv †Kvb c×wZi gva¨‡g|
Q - 5 KLb?
KLb ev¯—evqb me‡P‡q †ewk Kvh©Ki n‡e?
D`vnib: eb¨ ïi“i mv‡_ mv‡_|
Q - 6 †Kv_vq?
‡Kv_vq GwU me‡P‡q †ewk Kvh©Kix n‡e?
D`vnib: kn‡ii c~e© cÖv‡š—|
Q -7 KZ Li‡P?
RbMb, mgq Ges UvKvi wn‡m‡e KZ LiP n‡e?
D`vnib: A‡bKw`b e¨wc nhiZ b~n(Avt) Zvi Avw¯—K †¯^”Qv‡mex‡ì wb‡q KvR Ki‡eb Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq
†hvMv‡bi Rb¨ e¨q Ki‡eb|
Q -8 wK DcKvi n‡e?
G‡Z m‡e©v†gvU wK DcKvi n‡e?
D`vnib: AvjvnÍ wbKU AvZœmgc©bKvix RbMb Ges cïcvwL Øviv `ywbqv cybivq Avev` n‡e|
28. cwiKíbv cÖbqb, msMVb cwiPvjbv I gReywZ AR©b Ges g¨v‡bR‡g›U

cwiKíbv cÖbqb
cwiKíbv wK ?
cwiKíbv gv‡b av‡c av‡c †Kvb j‡¶¨ †cuQv‡bvi cÖ‡Póv| A_©¨vr cÖvß Dcvq DcKi‡bi gva¨‡g wbw`©ó GKUv mg‡q GKUv gvÎv
†cuŠQvi Uv‡M©U MÖnb I GKUv gvÎ j‡¶¨ †cŠQvi †Póv|
myZivs cwiKíbvi Rb¨ wZbwU wRwbm Acwinvh© t
1| mgqmxgv wba©vib t
- `xN© †gqv`x t `kkvjv, cuvPkvjv (evsjv‡`k †bq) evwl©K (wkwei wb‡q _v‡K)
- ¯^í‡gqv`x t gvwmK, cvw¶K, ˆ`wbK BZ¨vw`|
2| Dcvq DcKi‡bi h_v_© wi‡cvU©, cÖ‡qvRbxq mv‡f© I wnmve wbKvk|
Rbkw³, evqZzjgv‡ji Ae¯’v, cvwicvwk¦K cwi‡e‡ki mwVK wPÎ Zz‡j aiv|
3| j¶¨gvÎv wba©vib t
cÖ_g, wØZxq - cÂg j¶¨gvÎv BZ¨vw`|
j¶¨gvÎv wKQz AwZiwÄZ wKQz nIqv †hgb wVK bq †Zgwb †gv‡UI Kómva¨ bq Ggb nIqv wVK bq|
67
 cviKíbvi Ab¨Zg cÖavb j¶¨ n‡jv mxwgZ kw³ I m¤ú` Øviv me©vwaK djvdj jvf|
 cwiKíbvnxb KvR gv‡bB Uv‡M©U ev D‡Ïk¨ wenxb KvR
 cwiKíbvnxb KvR gv‡bB †bŠKv fwZ© hvÎxi `vo wenxb mgy`ª hvÎv
msMVb cwiPvjbv t
msMVb wK ?
 msMVb k‡ãi mvavib A_© msNe×KiY ev GKwÎKiY|
 ‡Kvb Av‡›`vjb ev †Póv mvabvi Rb¨ wb‡qvwRZ †h ms¯’v Zvi bvg msMVb
 BKvg‡Z Øx‡bi KvR AvÄvg †`q †h msMVb Zv‡KB ejv nq Bmjvgx msMVb|
 m~iv Av‡j Bgivb- 11, 103, 104
 eyLvix, gymwj‡gi I nv‡im Avkqvixi msMVb msµvš— nv`xm
cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡b Kibxq w`K t
msMV‡bi Dcv`vb
‡h †Kvb msMV‡bi wb‡gœv³ Dcv`vb _vK‡Z nq t
1. Av`©k, D‡Ï‡k¨, j¶¨ Kg©m~Px, I Kg©c×wZ 3. Kg©xevwnbx
2. ‡bZ…Z¡ 4. Kg©‡¶Î
myZivs Bmjvgx Dcv`vb¸‡jv n‡jv t
1. †KviAvb I mybœvn wfwËK Av`k©, D‡Ïk¨, j¶¨, Kg©m~Px Ges Kg©c×wZ
2. ‡KviAvb I mybœvni Abyhvqx †bZ…Z¡
3. ‡KviAvb I mybœvni Kvw•LZ gv‡bi AvbyMZ¨
4. mvavib Ges e„nËi Kg©‡¶Î mgMÖ `ywbqv, mgMÖ `ywbqvi gvbyl
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi msMVb cwiPvjbv ej‡Z eySvq t-
 Kg©xi AvZœMVb  Kg©x cwiPvjbv
 Kg©x MVb  Kg©xi AvZœMVb t
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡ì AvZœMVb wbgœiƒc t
1. Avjvni w`‡K Avnevb 8. mvIg cvjb
2. GKvMÖZv mnKv‡i mvjvZ Av`vq 9. ‡gŠwjK gvbexq ¸b AR©b, cwikªgwcÖqZv, Kó
3. ‡KviAvb nv`xm Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ wbqwgZ Aa¨qb mwnòzZv, mshg, wec‡` `„pZv, mgqvbyewZ©Zv,
4. ivwÎ RvMib / bdj Gev`Z mvnwmKZv, D`viZv, we‡klY kw³, D™¢veb
5. Avjvni c‡_ A_© e¨vq kw³, Zwor wm×vš— MÖnY †hvM¨Zv, msMVb M‡o
6. mKj Kv‡R Avjvn‡K ¯§iY Ges ivm~j (mt) Gi †Zvjv I cwiPvjbvi †hvM¨Zv, ü`‡qi cÖk¯—Zv,
cÖwZ ìƒ` †ck| bgª eënvi, DËg wjLb I fvlb BZ¨vw`|
7. AvZœmgv‡jvPbv
10. cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© webóKvix KvR eR©b Kiv t-
 Akvjxb I A‡kvfb K_v evZ©v  ivM
 MxeZ  AnsKvi BZ¨vw`
 Av›`vR-Abygvb  Kg©xMVb
 wnsmv
Kg©xMVb cÖwµqv¸‡jv n‡jv t-
 mvnPh© `vb  cÖv_wgK cÖwk¶b cÖ`vb
 Aš—©Ø›` wbimb  Avnevb Ávc‡bi `vwqZ¡ Ac©b
 gvbwmK `„pZv AR©‡b mnPh© `vb  Kv‡Ri wi‡cvU© MÖnb
 mvsMVwbK cwi‡ek Avbqb  Avjvni wbKU †`vqv Kiv
 ‡QvU LvU `vwqZ¡ Ac©b  Kg©x cwiPvjbv
 A_©`v‡b DØy× KiY
G‡¶‡Î cwiPvjK `vwqZ¡kx‡ji KvR t-
 Av`‡k©i Av‡jv‡K gb gvbwmKZv MVb  Bmjv‡gi eywbqv` wb‡Ri Rxe‡b ev¯—evwqZ
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb I msMVb m¤ú‡K© my¯úó Kivi Rb¨ DØy×Kib
avibv `vb  gg© Dcjw× K‡i wbqwgZ Avj †KviAvb I Avj
nv`xm Aa¨q‡b DØy×Kib
68
 Rvgvqv‡Z mvjvZ Av`v‡qi †¶‡Î Drmvn cÖ`vb  Kv‡Ri wi‡cvU© MÖnb
 AvZœmgv‡jvPbvq DØy×Kib  wi‡cvU© ch©v‡jvPbv
 `vIqvZx Kv‡R †cÖibv ˆZwi  mgvR Kg©xiƒ‡c f~wgKv cvj‡b DØy×KiY
 `vIqvZx Kv‡R mn‡hvMxZv cÖ`vb  e¨cK cwiwPwZ AR©‡b DØy×KiY
 `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri wi‡cvU© MÖnb  Kg©x‡K mye³v wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjv
 BbdvK wd mvwewjj-vni Rb¨ DØy×Kib  ¯^-PvwjZ Kg©x iƒ‡c AvZœMV‡b DØy×KiY
 mgq m‡PZbZv m„wó  bZzb Kg©x MV‡bi Rb¨ Kg©x‡K Aby‡cÖibv †`qv
 cwi”Qbœ g‡bi AwaKvix Kivi Rb¨ †Póv  wbwµq Kg©x‡ì mv‡_ h_vkxNÖ †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb
 Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv m¤ú‡K© my¯úó avibv `vb Kiv
 mywbw`©ó `vwqZ¡ Ac©b  civgk© kªeY
 `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b Drmvn `vb  AMªmi Kg©x‡K mvsMVwbK mnPh© cÖ`vb
 Kv‡Ri Z`viK Kiv
msMVb cwiPvjbvi ‡¶‡Î GKRb †hvM¨ msMV‡Ki f~wgKv me©vwaK
GKRb msMVK‡K ZLbB †hvM¨ ejv hvq hLb Zvi wb‡gœv³ ¸bmg~n _vK‡e t
1. Áv‡bi †¶‡Î †kªôZ¡ 20. m~`~i cÖmvix wPš—v wb‡q cÖwZfvevb Kg©x‡ì
2. DbœZ Avgj eënvi
3. my›ì eënvi 21. Kg©ZrciZv j¶¨ K‡i `ª“Z AMÖmigvb Kg©x‡ì
4. AMÖbx f~wgKv cvjb evQvB KiY
5. mvnmx f~wgKv cvjb 22. evQvB Kiv Kg©x‡ì e¨cKZi cÖwk¶Y
6. mwVK gv‡bi Kg©x MVb 23. cvi¯úwiK mym¤úK© m„wó
7. mg‡qvc‡hvMx cwiKíbv MÖnY 24. wbw¯ŒqZvi cªwZKvi
8. Ri“ix cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Zwor wm×vš— MÖnb 25. ¯’weiZvi cÖwZ‡iva
9. civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z wm×vš— MÖnY 26. wewfbœ Kv‡Ri fvimvg¨ msi¶Y
10. cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡b Kg©x cwiPvjbv 27. AvgvbZ msi¶Y
11. mwVK e¨w³‡ì evQvB K‡i `vwqZ¡c~b© c‡` 28. mwVKfv‡e ‡iKW©cÎ msi¶Y
wb‡qvM 29. mwVKfv‡e wnmve msi¶Y
12. mvsMVwbK †bUIqvK© m¤úªmviY 30. ‰ewi kw³¸‡jvi †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ weÁvbm¤§Z
13. Kv‡Ri ZË¡veavb cš’v D™¢veb
14. ‡cÖiYv `vqK e³…Zv fvlb 31. Mb wfwË iPbv
15. ¯’vb Kvj cvÎ we‡ePbv K‡i e³e¨ †ck 32. Aa¯—b e¨w³ I msMVb n‡Z Kv‡Ri wi‡cvU©
16. mvsMVwbK Kvh©µ‡gi avivevwnKZv msi¶b Av`vq
17. Avw_©K ¯^qsm¤ú~bvZv AR©b 33. wi‡cv‡U©i Av‡jv‡K Kv‡Ri ch©v‡jvPbv
18. k„•Ljv msi¶Y 34. KzÚvwenxb Revew`nx
19. Kg©x‡ì wewfbœ gyLx cÖwZfv weKv‡ki eë¯’v MÖnY 35. ‡hvM¨ DËim~ix m„wó
GKRb ‡hvM¨ msMVK‡K me‡P‡q †ewk ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e
 ZvhwKqv - (Avj RygAv-2, Avkkvgm-9)
 DLyqvZ m„wó - Avj ûRyivZ-10
 Z¨v‡Mi Aby‡cÖibv m„wó
 Kg©x‡ì gv‡S Bbmvd Kv‡qg - Avb bvnj-90
 wec` gywme‡Z âh©¨ Aej¤^‡bi Zvwjg - Avj evKviv:155, Avb KveyZ:23, Avj Bgivb:142
 Avjvni m‡š—vl AR©b‡KB mKj ZrciZvi †K›`ªwe›`y iƒ‡c Dc¯’vcb - Avj Bgivb:196, 133, Avj dvZn:29
gReywZ AR©b
 gReywZ AR©b wK ?
‡Kvb msMVb mvsMVwbK `~e©jZv¸‡jv cwinvi K‡i µgk kw³ AR©b K‡i Mb gvby‡li msMV‡b cwiYZ n‡jB Zv‡K gReyZ
msMVb ejv hvq| GKwU gRe„Z msMV‡bi wbgœwjwLZ êwkó¨¸‡jv _vK‡Z n‡e t-
1. my‡hvM¨ †bZ…‡Z¡i mgv‡ek 5. wkKo ch©vq ch©š— mvsMVwbK †bUIqvK©
2. bexb‡ì‡K m¤ú„³ Kivi ¶gZv m¤cÖmviY
3. eë¯’vcbvB †hvM¨ e¨w³‡Z¡i mgv‡ek 6. ‡bZ…Z¡ I Kg©x‡ì g‡a¨ mym¤úK©
4. cÖ‡qvRbxq Ges DbœZZi DcKi‡bi mgv‡ek 7. Kg©x‡ì cvi¯úwiK mym¤úK©
69
8. fvimvg¨c~Y© eûgyLx ZrciZv 10. ‰ewi kw³¸‡jvi Pµvš— bm¨vZ Kivi ¶gZv
9. Kg© GjvKvq †bZv I Kg©x‡ì e¨cK cÖfve m„wó
¯§ib ivL‡Z n‡e gReyZ msMV‡bi êwkó¨ n‡jv t-
 wPš—vi HK¨  evqZyjgvj e„w×
 mg‡qvc‡hvMx wmÏvš— MÖnb  msMV‡bi Af¨š—ixb my¯’¨ cwi‡ek
 Rbkw³i gv‡bi µge„w×
g¨v‡bR‡g›U
mgq eë¯’vcbv t-
 G‡`‡k Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi eZ©gvb mg‡qi GKvU eo mgm¨v n‡jv mgq eë¯’vcbv| cÖK…Z c‡¶ mgq Avgv‡ì
bq| mgq Avjvn ieŸyj Avjvgxb Avgv‡ì w`‡q‡Qb Avgv‡ì cix¶v Kivi Rb¨| ivm~j (mt) Avgv‡ì e‡j‡Qb,
Ò`yÕRb †d‡i¯—vi wbgœiƒc Avnevb e¨ZxZ GKwU cÖfvZI Av‡m bv t †n Av`g mš—vb! Avwg GKwU bZzb w`b Ges
Avwg †Zvgvi Kv‡Ri mv¶x! myZivs Avgvi m‡e©vËg eënvi K‡i| †kl wePvi w`‡bi Av‡M Avwg Avi KLbI wd‡i
Avme bv| nv`x‡m Av‡Q Ò†h e¨w³ ¶wZMÖ¯’ n‡jv hvi AvR‡Ki w`b MZKv‡ji †P‡q DËg n‡jv bv|Ó
wKfv‡e mgq AwZevwnZ nq ?
gvSvwi eqmKv‡ji GKwU Rxe‡bi Avcwb Avcbvi mgq wKfv‡e e¨q Ki‡Z cv‡ib Zv wb‡gœv³ Pv‡U© †`Lv‡bv n‡jv t-
KvR mgq
1. RyZvi wdZv †eu‡a 8 w`b
2. UªvwdK jvB‡Ui evwZi w`‡K ZvwK‡q 1 gvm
3. bvwc‡Zi †`vKv‡b e¨wqZ mgq 1 gvm
4. †Uwj‡dv‡bi Wvqvj Nywi‡q 1 gvm
5. eo kn‡i wjd‡U P‡o 3 gvm
6. wb‡Ri ùvZ †g‡R 3 gvm
7. kn‡i ev‡mi Rb¨ ùvwo‡q 5 gvm
8. †MvmjLvbvq e¨wqZ mgq 6 gvm
9. LvIqv `vIqvi mgq 4 eQi
10. RxweKv DcvR©‡bi e¨wqZ mgq 9 eQi
11. †Uwjwfkb †`‡L 10 eQi
12. Nywg‡q 20 eQi
D`vnvib¯îƒc cÖwZwU Kg© wèm †_‡K GK N›Uv mgq †ei K‡i wb‡j eQ‡i Avcwb 260 N›Uv ev c~b© 32 wU Kg© wèm cv‡eb
hv‡Z A‡bK eo KvR m¤úv`b Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| Avcwb .......
 ‡KviAvb kix‡di eû Ask †ndR ev gyL¯’  GKwU eB wjL‡Z cvi‡eb
Ki‡Z cvi‡eb  GKwU wel‡q wW‡cvgv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
 `ª“Z covi †KŠkj wkL‡Z cvi‡eb  A_ev wKQz UvKv DcvR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
 KZ¸‡jv wbw`©ó `¶Zv AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡eb
 we‡`kx fvlv wkL‡Z cvi‡eb
mgq euvPv‡bvi K‡qKwU Bw½Z t-
 cÖ‡Z¨K mKv‡j wjwLZfv‡e Avcbvi w`‡bi KvR¸jv cwiKíbv Ki“b Ges n‡q †M‡j GKwU GKwU K‡i Zv †K‡U w`b|
1. ‡Uwj‡dv‡b bv Rvwb‡q †Kvb eÜzi wbKU hv‡eb bv
2. KvMR Kjg ev †QvU †bvU memgq c‡K‡U ivL‡eb hv‡Z Aemi mg‡q Avcbvi wPš—v cwiKíbv wj‡L wb‡Z cv‡ib|
3. wekªv‡gi mgq‡K bvgv‡hi mg‡qi mv‡_ wgwj‡q cwiKíbv Ki“b|
4. Z_¨ I cÖhyw³i eënvi Ki“b
5. ‡jLvcov K‡i †Kvb wKQz gyL¯’ K‡i ev MVbg~jK wKQz K‡i Aemi mg‡qi mØënvi Ki“b|
6. `~‡i hvIqv Kv‡j m¤¢ve¨ mg‡qi †P‡q †ewk mgq nv‡Z ivL‡eb|
7. cÖeÜ †jLvi ev e³…Zv cÖ¯‘yZ Kvi ev G ai‡bi †h †Kvb KvR Kivi mgq mKj Dcv`vb nv‡Zi Kv‡Q w`‡q ivL‡eb|
8. Avcbvi mgq‡¶cb Ki‡Z cv‡i Ggb wPš—v k~b¨ Ges AvZœ‡Kw›`ªK †jvK Gwo‡q Pjyb|
9. wPwV ev †Uwj‡dv‡b †m‡i †bIqv hvq Ggb †Kvb Kv‡Ri Rb¨ wb‡R e¨w³MZfv‡e hv‡eb bv|
 AwaKZi fvj Ges `ª“Z KvR m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨
1. GKev‡iB GKwU KvR Ki“b 2. mgm¨vwU ey‡S wbb
70
3. ïb‡Z wkLyb 7. f~j †g‡b wbb
4. cÖkœ Ki‡Z wkLyb 8. mnR K‡i K_v ejyb
5. A_©c~b© K_v †_‡K A_©nxb K_v c„_K Ki“b 9. kvš— _vKzb
6. f~j ¯^xKvi K‡i wbb 10. nvwm Lywk _vKzb
 ¯§ib ivLyb !
ÒgyywgbMb! †Zvgiv Avjvn †K fq K‡iv| cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i DwPZ, AvMvgx w`‡bi Rb¨ †m wK mvgMÖx eë¯’v K‡i †i‡L‡Q
Zv wPš—v Kiv| Avjvn Zvqvjv‡K fq Ki‡Z _vKzb| †Zvgiv hv Ki Avjvn Zvqvjv †m m¤ú‡K© Lie iv‡Lb|Ó m~iv
nvki:18
ÒGes gvbyl ZvB cvq- hv †m K‡i| Zvi Kg© kxNÖB †`Lv n‡e|Ó Avb-bRg:39-40
29. kvnv`vZ wQ‡jv Kvg¨ hv‡ì
kvnv`vZ wK ? kvnv`vZ Aviex kã †_‡K wbM©Z
kvnv`vZ k‡ãi A_© mv¶¨ †`qv|
KziAv‡b kvnv`vZ k‡ãi A_©
K. Model- bgybv
A_©- †n bex| Avgiv †Zvgv‡K †cÖiY K‡iwQ mv¶x, mymsev``vZv Ges fq cÖ`k©bKvix wn‡m‡e|
L. Avjvni c‡_ wbnZ nevi A‡_©t
A_© t- Avjvn †R‡b wb‡Z Pvb †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †K mv”Pv Cgvb`vi Ges GRb¨ †m †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †_‡K wKQz †jvK‡K knx`
wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z Pvb|
M. Dcw¯’Z †_‡K mv¶¨ cÖZ¨¶ Kiv t (m~iv b~i :2)
N. Ávb AeMwZ I Rvbv A‡_© : (Avnhve:55)
O. Av`vj‡Zi mv¶¨ A‡_©: (Avj-b~i : 4)
 knx` Kv‡K e‡j-
c„w_ex‡Z †Lv`v‡`ªvnxZvi wei“‡× msMÖvg K‡i Avjvni Øxb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ hviv wbnZ nq †KviAvi Ges nv`x‡mi
cwifvlvq Zv‡ì‡K knx` e‡j| (m~iv evKviv-154)
 knx` nIqvi kZ©-
cÖ_gZ : Cgvb`vi n‡Z n‡e
wØZxqZ : Avjvni c‡_ wbnZ n‡Z n‡e|
wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b hvi Zvi bv‡gi c~‡e© knx` jvMv‡bv nq|
kvnv`vZ Cgv‡bi Acwinvh© `vex t-
 c„w_ex m„wói ci †_‡K knx` nevi NUbv NU‡Q
 Bmjv‡gi g~j cÖvY kw³ - hZw`b ch©š— gymjgvb knx` n‡Z cÖ¯‘Z wQj, ZZw`b c„w_ex‡Z †bZ„Z¡ w`‡q‡Q|
 Avjvgv BKevj - ÒBmjvg wR›`v †nvZv‡n nvq Kvievjv wK ev`Ó
kvnv`v‡Zi gh©v`v t-
 i‡³i gwZnvi 4-8 c„ôv / Av‡bvqvi m¨v‡ii 67-95 c„ôv
kvnv`vZ Kvgbv bv Kivi cwiYwZ t-
1. cyi¯‹vi I gh©`v †_‡K ewÂZ nIqv 5. `ywbqvi mKj kw³ gymjgvb‡ì fq †`Lv‡”Q
2. Avjvni fvjevmv †_‡K `~‡i _vKv 6. Avivg Av‡q‡ki Kvi‡b gymjgvbiv jvwÃZ n‡”Q
3. Rvbœv‡Zi D”P gh©v`v bv cvIqv 7. wek¦e¨vcx gymwjg wbh©vZ‡bi óxg i“jvi Pj‡Q
4. g„Zz¨ f‡q me©`v fxZ _vKv 8. ivRvi RvwZ †Mvjv‡g cwiYZ n‡q‡Q
kvnv`vZ I wRnv‡ì mv‡_ m¤úK© t-
 wRnv` n‡”Q knx` nIqvi †mZzeÜb
 wRnv` wenxb kvnv`vZ m¤¢e bq
 wRnv‡ì gq`v‡b e¨w³i knx` nIqvi Ae¯’vi Dci Avjvn cyi®‹vi w`‡eb
c„w_ex‡Z knx` nIqvi jvf t-
 knx‡ì i³ †hLv‡b Si‡e, †mLv‡b msMVb gReyZ n‡e
Òknx‡ì hZ Lyb Si‡e
ZZ Lyb wgk‡e G gvwU‡Z
cwiYZ K‡i w`‡e †`kUv
71
Avgv‡ì gReyZ NuvwU‡ZÓ
 evwZ‡jiv f‡q Kuvc‡e
 m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ Ae¯’vb Kiv hv‡e
 knx‡ì i³ Aek¨B `vg w`‡e
BwZnvm-HwZ‡n¨ kvnv`vZ Kvgbv-
Av‡jvPbvi myweav‡_© mg‡qi wefw³
1. ivm~j (mt) c~e© hyM 4. MZ kZvãx
2. ivm~j (mt) I Zuvi cieZ©x mgq 5. QvÎwkwei
3. ga¨hyM
1. ivm~j (mt) c~e© hyM
 nhiZ RvKvwiqv (Avt) - KivZ w`‡q wP‡o nZ¨v
 nhiZ Beªvwng (Avt) - AwMœKz‡Û
 nhiZ Cmv (Avt) - 4_©© Avmgv‡b Zz‡j wb‡jb
2. ivm~j (mt) I Zuvi cieZ©x mgq
 nhiZ †ejvj (ivt) - wbh©vZb Zey Kv‡jgv Z¨vM K‡ibwb
 nhiZ mygvBqv (ivt) - Zvi gwbe DgvBqv ¸ßv‡½ ek©v wb‡¶c K‡i nZ¨v K‡i
 nhiZ LyevBi (ivt) - KzivBkiv knx` K‡i
- Zv‡K cÖkœ Kiv nq- ÒZzwg wK ivRx AvQ, †Zvgv‡K †Q‡o w`‡q †Zvgvi cwie‡Z© gynv¤§` (mt) nZ¨v Kiv nK|Ó
- DË‡i LyevBi (ivt) e‡jb - ÒAvjvni kc_| Avwg gyw³ †c‡q cwievi cwiR‡bi wbKU wd‡i hve Avi gynv¤§` (mt) Gi
cv‡q GKwU KuvUvi AvuvPo jvM‡e Zv n‡Z cv‡i bv|Ó
- we¯—vwiZ mvnvex‡ì wecex Rxeb- 1g LÛ - 12-
 eì hy‡× nvgv` (ivt) †LRyi Qz‡o †d‡j hy‡× AskMÖnb I knx` nIqv
 gvqvR I gyqvAvR bvgK `yB wK‡kv‡ii eì hy‡× AskMÖnY
 Aû` hy‡× Ave`yjvn web Rvnvk (ivt) †`vqv-
Ò†n Avjvn! Zzwg Avgv‡K GKRb kw³kvjx exi †hv×vi m¤§yLxb Ki, †h Aš— weµ‡gi mv‡_ Avgvi Dci Suvwc‡q co‡e|
Avwg ïay †Zvgvi mvwbœa¨ jv‡fi Rb¨ Db¥y³ Zievix nv‡Z Zvi Dci Suvwc‡q coe| hy‡×i GK Pig gyû‡Z© Zvi Zievixi
AvNv‡Z †hb Avwg kvnv`v‡Zi g„Zz¨ ïav cvb Ki‡Z cvwi| Avi †m †hb Lywk‡Z Avgvi bvK I Kvb †K‡U Avgvi g„Z †`n‡K
¶Z-we¶Z K‡i †`q Ges wKqvg‡Zi w`b †Zvgvi mvg‡b `Ûvqgvb n‡j, Zzwg cÖkœ Ki‡j Avwg †hb ej‡Z cvwi - Ò‡n Avjvn!
ïay †Zvgi I †Zvgvi ivm~‡ji ˆmwbK nIqvi Rb¨ Avgvi GB Ae¯’v| ZLb Zzwg ej‡e - Zzwg mwZ¨B e‡jQ|Ó
 gyZvi hy‡× wZb †mbvcwZ-
1. q` Be‡b nv‡im (ivt)
2. Rvdi Be‡b Avey Zv‡je (ivt) - `yB nvZB KvUv †h‡q knx` nb
3. Ave`yjvn Be‡b iIqvnv (ivt) - Kwe †Mv¯— Lvw”Q‡jb hy‡×i Wv‡K Zv †d‡j †`b
 nhiZ nvbhvjv (ivt) - m`¨ weevwnZ, evmi kh¨v †_‡K wRnv‡` AskMÖnY K‡i knx` n‡j †d‡i¯—viv Zv‡K †Mvmj
Kivq
 nhiZ Avey AvBDe Avbmvix (ivt)
- 80 ermi eq‡m KÝUvw›U‡bvcj weR‡q Ask MÖnY K‡ib
- Amy¯¨’ Zvi Rb¨ gviv hvevi c~‡e© bwQnZ K‡ib -
- ÒAvgvi jvk †Zvgiv enb K‡i wb‡q hv‡e Ges KÝUvw›U‡bvcj Gi cÖvPx‡ii wbKU gvwU w`‡e
- mvnvex‡ì wecex Rxeb- 1g LÛ- 115 c„t
 ZvwiK web whqv` -†¯úb DcK‚‡j Rvnv‡R Av¸b w`‡q †h e³e¨ †`b|
 gynv¤§` Be‡b Kvwkg - 18 ermi eq‡m wmÜz weRq
3. ga¨hyM t
 BLwZqvi DwÏb eLwZqvi LjRx - 1200 L„t
mß`k Ak¦v‡ivnx es½ Kwij Rq
†gv‡ì ey‡K jywK‡q Av‡Q Zv‡ì cwiPq|Ó
4. MZ kZvãx
 mvB‡q` Aveyj AvÕjv (it)
duvwmi g‡Â †M‡q †Mj hviv Bmjv‡gi RqMvb-
72
-ÒAvcbviv g‡b ivL‡eb †h, Avwg †Kvb Aciva Kwiwb| Avwg Zv‡ì Kv‡Q wKQz‡ZB cÖvb wf¶v PvBe bv|Ó
-1853 mv‡j 8B †g mvgwiK Av`vjZ KZ…K duvwmi Av‡`‡ki c‡i gI`~`x (it) Dw³|
- Rxeb g„Zzi dqmvjv Avmgv‡b nq, Rwg‡b bq|
 knx` Avãyj Kv‡ì AvI`v
- wgk‡ii cÖavb wePvicwZ wQ‡jb
BLIqvbyj gymwjwgb gvgjvi wePviK _vKv Kv‡j c`Z¨vM K‡i BLIqv‡bi c‡¶ AvBbRxwe n‡q j‡ob|
- 1954 mv‡ji 8B wW‡m¤î duvmx †Ìqv nq|
 knx` wbmvi Avjx wZZzgxi - euv‡ki ‡Kjv
 d‡Zn Avjx / wUcy myjZvb
1. 7 mv‡j knx` nq
2. weov‡ji gZ nvRvi eQi euvPvi †P‡q wms‡ni gZ GKw`b euvPvI †kªq|Ó
 knx` Avãyj gv‡jK-
5. Bmjvgx QvÎwkwei
 knx` iweDj Bmjvg
 knx` gÄyi“j Kwei
knx` gÄyi“j Bmjvg-1995 mv‡ji 16 B wW‡m¤î K…wl wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎ`‡ji †bZ…‡Z¡ me©`jxq H‡Kï
AZ©wKZ Avµgb| 1g e‡l©i †gavevx QvÎ|
 ¯^cœ †`L‡Qb, cweÎ igRvb gv‡mi 29 Zvs 95 Gi 2 iv gvP© evox‡Z Zvivexn bvgvR c‡o Nywg‡q ¯^&cœ †`L‡Qb
Zvi wcÖq wek¦vwe`¨vj‡q fxlY msNl© n‡”Q| nvgjvq AvnZ n‡q wZwb wb‡RB kvnv`vZ eiY K‡i‡Qb|
 11 gvm evB‡i _vKvi ci wkwei n‡j D‡V‡Q| (1994 mv‡ji 20†k b‡f¤î †ei nq)
 7/8 gvm ci Avevi evox‡Z wM‡q Z›`ªv”Qbœ n‡q ¯^cœ †`L‡Qb, Òwek¦we`¨vj‡q evwZ‡ji me©MÖvmx nvgjv ïi“
n‡q‡Q, AvnZ n‡q wb‡RB kvnv`vZ eiY K‡i‡QbÓ-‡m Nyg fv½vi ci fve‡Z jvM‡jv †Kb evi evi
GKB wel‡q ¯^cœ †`L‡Q| Zvn‡j wK Avjvn Zv‡K kvnv`v‡Zi gh©v`v w`‡Z Pvb|
-G ¯^‡cœi K_v Zvi †evb‡K Qvov Avi KvD‡K ejj bv|
 nv`x‡m c‡o‡Q ÒevBqvZwenxb g„Zz¨ Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi g„Zz¨- ZvB evBqvZ MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ †m cvMj civ n‡q †M‡jb|
-mvivivZ n‡jv cvnviv Avi w`‡bi †ejv †KviAvb nv`xm, Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ c‡o K‡qK w`‡bi g‡a¨ †m mv_x n‡q †Mj| . 14B
A‡±vei 95
-‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi mgq Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kiv n‡qwQj, ÒK…wl wek¦ve`¨vj‡q evwZ‡ji Ae¨vnZ lohš¿ †gvKv‡ejvq mv_x kc_ wb‡q wK
Zzwg `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡e?
ÒgÄyi“j Kexi Reve w`‡qwQ‡jb, Avwg K…wl wek¦we`¨vj‡q fwZ© n‡qwQ kvnv`Z eiY Kivi Rb¨|
kc_ nevi ci †KvjvKzwji mgq AkÖ“mRj bq‡b wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb ÒhvB †nvK GLb hw` knx` nB
Zvn‡j Aš—Z: mv_x wn‡m‡e knx` n‡Z cvie|Ó evi evi wZwb Kvbœvq †f‡½ co‡jb|
 K¨v¤úv‡mi Ae¯’v ¯^vfvweK| evwo‡Z LvIqv `vIqv ‡L‡q Nywg‡q co‡jb| Ny‡gi g‡a¨ GK ¯^M©xq Abyf~wZ Abyfe
Ki‡jb| wek¦‡bZv Rbve ivm~j (mt) †K wè¨ †Pv‡L †`L‡Z cv‡”Q| cÖkvwš—‡Z gb f‡i †Mj
Ggb my›ì gvbyl †Zv †m Avi †Kvb w`b †`‡L wb| Nyg †f‡½ †MY, IRy K‡i Zvnv¾y‡ì bvgR
Av`vq Ki‡jv| mKv‡j AvZœxq ¯^RbiK †W‡K ¯^‡cœi K_v ej‡jv|
- Gici †_‡K wbqwgZ Zvnv¾y` co‡e e‡j wm×vš— wbj|
 kvnv`v‡Zi wKQyw`b c~‡e© evox †_‡K wek¦we`¨vj‡q Avmvi c~‡e© Avevi ¯^‡cœ †`L‡jv - GK`j mv`v Kvco
cwiwnZ †jvK nvm¨D¾j gy‡L gÄyi“j Kex‡ii w`‡K GwM‡q Avm‡Z _v‡K Ges e‡j, ÔgÄy cÖ¯‘wZ
bvI †Zvgvi Avi mgq bvBÕ
-‡mw`b wZwb gv fvB †evb mn mevB‡K wb‡q GKwU Abyôvb KiwQ‡jb Ges ¯^‡cœi eY©bv w`‡qwQ‡jb|
- Zvici ej‡jv nqZ GUvB Avgvi †kl we`vq, Avwg hw` knx` nB Zvn‡j, GKwU RvqMv †`wL‡q
ej‡jv, Avgv‡K †hb H ¯’v‡b Kei †`qv nqÓ
-gvÎ 13 w`b ci msN‡l© mš¿vmx‡ì GKwU ey‡jU e¶ †f` K‡i P‡j hvq| Kv‡jgvq kvnv`vZ co‡Z
co‡Z cÖfyi mvwbœ‡a¨ P‡j hvq knx` gÄyi“j Kexi|
 GKw`b GKRb mv_x fvB gÄyi“j Kexi fvB‡K e‡jwQj, Ò‡gv‡gbkvnx‡Z Avjvni cÖwZôvi Rb¨ GLbI
†Kvb knx‡ì i³ S‡iwb| G Rwg‡b Avjvni Øx‡bi cÖmv‡ii Rb¨ knx`x Ly‡bi eo cÖ‡qvRb|
73
†mB mv_xi K_v †kl bv n‡ZB knx` gÄyi“j e‡jwQ‡jb ÒAvwg †hb †gv‡gbkvnx‡Z Avjvni
Øxb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ cÖ_g knx` n‡Z cvwi-Zzwg †`vqv Ki fvB|Ó
-‡mB mv_x Zvi nvZ a‡i e‡jwQj, Avwg K_v †kl Kivi Av‡MB Zzwg †Zvgvi K_v e‡j †dj‡j?
gÄyi“j Kexi e‡jwQ‡jb, ÒAvwg Av‡M e‡j †d‡ijwQ †`wL Avjvn Kvi K_v cÖZ¨vkv c~ib K‡iY|
 17 B wW‡m¤î knx‡ì evwM‡Z wb‡q wcZ…nxb G cwiev‡ii kvš—bv w`‡Z †M‡j Zvi †evb ej‡Z jvM‡jb -
ÒAvgv‡ì‡K gÄyi“j Kexi A‡bK Av‡MB e‡j w`‡qQ, †m knx` n‡e|Õ Kv‡RB Avgv‡ì‡K mvš—bv
†èvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv|
 wewfbœ Av‡jvPbvi c‡i cÖ‡kœvËi c‡e©, †ewkifvM †gŠwLK cÖkœ wQj gÄyi“j Kex‡ii Ges cÖk¸
œ ‡jv wQj kvnv`vZ
m¤úwK©Z|
 FYgy³ knx` gÄyi“j;
gÄyi“j Kexi †hLv‡b knx` n‡q‡Qb †mLvbKvi gwnjviv mv¶¨ w`‡jb, ¸wjwe× gÄyi“j Kexi g„Zz¨
hš¿bvq QUdU Ki‡Qb wKš‘ gy‡L K_v wQj Ò‡`vKv‡b Avgvi 28 UvKv evuvKx Av‡Q, Avgvi fvB‡ì
ej‡eb Avgvi †mB FY cwi‡kva K‡i w`‡Z|Ó
 Ab¨‡K AMÖvwaKvi;
 1994 Gi wek¦Kvc †gŠmyg Pj‡Q|
- †gv‡gbkvnx kni mfvcwZ Kvgi“j nvmvb wgjb fvB dRjyj nK n‡j wU wf †Z †Ljv †`_vi Rb¨
†M‡jb| gÄyi“j Kexi fvB wb‡R cix¶vi K_v e‡j Zv‡ì‡K weQvbvq _vK‡Z
w`‡q wZwb mviv ivZ †R‡M †KviAvb nv`xm Aa¨qb I Zvnv¾y‡` e¨¯— iB‡jb|
Zv‡ì Kó n‡e e‡j `yÕRb‡K `y weQvbvq w`‡q wb‡R †R‡M iB‡jb|
 55 bs knx` (GgGmwm ivwe) `vwhZ¡kx‡ji Kv‡Q QzwU, gv‡qi Kv‡Q wPwV gv‡qi Abyf~wZ|
 16/17 bsknx` Avgxi †nvmvBb I knx` Ave`yi inxg 1987 wkwe‡i 10g cÖwZôv evwl©Kx PU&MÖv‡g cwUqvq wbmsk
nvgjvi cÖwZev` Aa©‡ejv niZvj|
 51 bs knx` KzZze DwÏb 1993
 100 bs knx` †hvevBi evox UvsMvBj Pvwe 1999 Gg A_©bxwZ Awdm m¤ú`vK
 102 bs knx` Avng` hv‡q` 1999 j²xcyi 10g †kªYxii QvÎ kvnv‡Zi ci wRwcG-5 cvb|
 125 bs knx` kvdv‡qZ Djøvn kvnv`vZ-2006
 133 bs knx` kixdzR¾gvb †bvgvbx 11 gvP© 2009
 2010 knx` nvwdRyi ingvb knxb
 1985 11†g †KvjKvZv nvB‡KvU© G KziAvb ev‡Rqvß Kivi cÖwZev`, PvcvBbeveMÄ
 10g †kªYxi QÎ Ave`yj gwZb
 10g †kªYxi QvÎ ivwk`yj nK
 9g †kªYxi QvÎ mxk gynv¤§v`
 8g †kªYxi QvÎ knx` †mwjg DwÏb
 6ô †kªYxi QvÎ kvneyÏxb 2006-28 A‡±vei
 28 knx` †nvmvBb gynv¤§` gyRvwn`yj Bmjvg
m`m¨ wQ‡jb ÷vg‡dvW© BDwbfvwm©wUi weweG 3q e‡l©i QvÎ, 10 bs wgicyi IqvW© mfvcwZ|
 28 knx` nv‡dR †Mvjvg wKewiqv wkcb
mv_x IqvW© BM m¤úv`K
 28 knx` mvBdzjøvn gynv¤§v` gvmyg mv_x I 27 bs IqvW© `wÿY †m‡µUvwi
 28 knx` Ave`yjøvn Av‡j dqmj, Kgx©
 28 knx` iwdKzj Bmjvg mv_x I BDwbqb †m‡µUvwi evox KzwoMÖvg
 31 knx` †gv: kvnRvnvb Avjx m`m¨ bv½j‡KvU© _vbv `wÿY mfvcwZ| 73 Zg knx` Lvqiæj Bmjvg 22
†deªæqvwi 2000 mvj& bIgymwjg Zj‡c‡U AvNvZ K‡i wj½ †K‡U †d‡j| mÿg cwiev‡i Rb¨ 1984 mv‡j
evBZzj kid Gi cxi Ave`yj ReŸvi Gi Kv‡Q Bmjvg MÖnY K‡ib| 
74
30. mgvR c~bM©V‡b gymwjg hyeK‡ì `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨
DUTIES & RESPONSIBILITIES OF YOUTH MUSLIM FOR SOCIAL REFORMS
 mgvR  gymwjg  `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨

 c~Y©MVb  hyeK
 `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ t
(1) e¨vcK wfwËK Ávb PP©v
- †KvivwbK Ávb - ‡`k I we‡k¦i me©‡kl cwiw¯’wZ
- Science & Technology Gi Ávb - ‡`‡ki Av_© mvgvwRK ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ
- Zzjbvg~jK Ávb msµvš— Ávb
GRb¨ -
- wbqwgZ wewewm, †fvqv, wewUwf, Ab¨vb¨ - Internet, website searching
P¨v‡b‡ji wbDR, - CD, VCD
- wbqwgZ cwÎKv, A_©‰bwZK cwÎKv
(2) ‡hvM¨Zvq mg„× n‡Z n‡e t
- Kw¤úDUvi| ïay K‡¤úvR bq - Bmjvgx e¨vswKs I e¨vswKs msµvš— wWMÖx
- Bs‡iRx, Aviex fvlv Kgc‡¶ fvjfv‡e - cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK cix¶vq fvj Ki‡Z
Rvb‡Z n‡e| n‡e|
- g¨v‡bR‡g›U
- ‡ckvMZ `¶Zv/†Uªwbs
(3) m‡PZb Rb‡Mvwôi cÖwZwa‡Z¡i f~wgKvq AeZxY© n‡Z n‡e|
- mvgvwRK cÖwZwbwaZ¡ - GBRb¨ cÖ‡qvRb MYgywL PwiÎ
(4) Bmjv‡gi e¨vcK cÖPvi I cÖmv‡ii ZrciZvq AskMÖnY Kiv|
(5) gvbeZvi cÖwZ ì`, mnvbyf~wZ I fvjevmv _vK‡Z n‡e|
(6) ‡`k †cÖ‡g D¾xweZ n‡Z n‡e| †`k‡cÖ‡gi c‡¶ RbgZ ˆZix‡Z f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e|
(7) ‡`‡ki wei“‡× lohš¿ m¤ú‡K© mRvM _vK‡Z n‡e| RbMY‡K mRvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
(8) Bmjv‡gi wei“‡× lohš¿ m¤ú‡K© mRvM _vK‡Z n‡e RbMb‡K mRvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
(9) mvgvwRK mgm¨v mg~n Abyaveb Kiv Ges †m¸‡jvi g~‡jvrcvU‡b Kvh©Ki f~wgKv ivLv|
(10) Bmjvgx Rxeb eë¯’vi cÖwZôv Qvov †h mgvR c~bM©Vb m¤¢e bq †m wel‡q RbMY‡K mRvM m‡PZb Kiv
(11) gymwjg hye mgvR‡K mgvR c~b©MV‡b AbyKiYxq Av`‡k©i AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e|
- Zv‡K n‡Z n‡e m‡Zï mv¶¨ hv‡Z K‡i RbMb Abyaveb Ki‡Z cv‡i G ai‡bi e¨w³‡ì w`‡qB Zv‡ì Kvsw¶Z
mgvR cÖwZôv I cwiPvjbv m¤¢e v
(12) mvgvwRK Kg©ZrciZvq mµxqfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
- RbM‡bi Avkªq ¯’‡j cwiYZ n‡Z n‡e|
(13) mgv‡R fvsMb, wek„sLjv I Akvwš—i KviY Rbmvavi‡bi mvg‡b Zz‡j Avb‡Z n‡e| G †_‡K cwiÎvb cvIqvi Dcvq
†h gymjgvb‡ì Av`k© ÔBmjv‡gÕ wbnxZ Av‡Q †m e¨vcv‡i RbMb‡K m‡PZb Ki‡Z n‡e|
75
(14) A_©‰bwZK mg„w× I `vwi`ªZv `~ixKi‡Yi gva¨‡g myLx mg„×kvjx mgvR Mo‡Z Bmjv‡gi weKí †bB †m welqwU
RbM‡bi Kv‡Q cwi¯‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e|
(15) wb‡R‡ì K¨vwiqvi MVb K‡i †`k cwiPvjbvi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© RvqMvq wb‡R‡ì‡K AwawôZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
- Avcbviv A_©‰bwZK †¶‡Î e¨vswKs †m±‡i ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ae`vb ivL‡eb|
- gymwjg hye mgvR‡K Ab¨vb¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wefvM¸‡jvi w`‡K we‡klfv‡e bRi w`‡Z n‡e|
(16) hyeKivB kw³| †m kw³‡K aŸsm Kivi Ae¨vnZ bxj b·vi wei“‡× RbMb‡K m‡PZb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges loh‡š¿i
Reve †`qvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
(17) Bmjvg, Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb I mgvRwec‡ei åvš— aviYv †_‡K hyemgvR I me©¯—‡ii RbMb‡K †ndvRZ Ki‡Z
n‡e|
(18) mgv‡R AvewZ©Z cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zv I ms¯‹…wZi †h †Rvqvi Pj‡Q †m e¨vcv‡i RbMY‡K m‡PZb Ki‡Z n‡e| G wecixZ
†mªvZ aviv ˆZixi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
(19) ‰bwZK AatcZ‡bi nvZ †_‡K mgvR‡K c~Y©MV‡b Kvh©Ki D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
 eZ©gv‡b mvgvwRK wech©q wK wK t
(1) ˆbwZK wech©q
- `~bx©wZ‡Z P¨vw¤úqb - AR©b ev cvIqvi Rb¨ †h †Kvb KvR
- AkxjZv I †envqvcbvi cÖwZ‡hvMxZv Ki‡Z Øxav †bB|
- mvs¯‹…wZK AvMÖvmb
(2) g~j¨‡ev‡ai AatcZb
- mvgMÖxKfv‡e Amr cÖebZv evo‡Q| - Z¨v‡Mi cwie‡Z© †fv‡Mi gvbwlKZv
- b¨vq Ab¨vq cv_©K¨ †jvc cv‡”Q| evo‡Q|
(3) `vwi`ªZv I †eKviZ¡ t
- 2 †KvwU wkw¶Z †eKvi - ivR‰bwZK nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡”Q
- Aciva cÖebZv evo‡Q - mvgvwRK fvimvg¨ bó n‡”Q
31. msMVb cwiPvjbvq Mb‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi ¸i“Z¡

@ msMVb @cÖ‡qvRbxqZv ev ¸i“Z¡
@cwiPvjbv @msMVb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb
@Mb‡hvMv‡hvM
1.Mbg~Lx †bZ…Z¡ 4.A‡bï gvbwmK Ae¯’v Ki‡Z cvÍv
2.mevi mv‡_ wgk‡Z cviv 5.A‡bï my‡L `yt †L AskMÖnb Kiv
3.mevB‡K Avcb K‡i †bqv 6.me©¯—‡ii gvbyl‡K cÖfve ej‡q wb‡q Avmv
@MY‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi ¸i“Z¡
1.MwZkxj †bZ„‡Z¡i c~e© kZ© MY‡hvMv‡hvM
2.MwZkxj †bZ…Z¡B msMVb‡K MwZkxj Ki‡Z cv‡i
3.MY‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡g msMV‡bi my`„p wfwË cÖwZwôZ nq
4.Gi gva¨‡g msMV‡bi fvegh©`v I cÖfve †e‡o hvq
5.MY‡hvMv‡hvM mKj msMV‡bi ‡¶‡Î we‡klZ t Bmjvgx msMV‡b LyeB ¸i“Z¡c~Y©
6.ivm~j(mv) I †Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`xb MY MY‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi GK Abb¨ D`vniY
@MYms‡hvM
1.e¨w³i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM 4.cwiev‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
2.mn‡hvMx‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM 5.cÖkvm‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
3.`vwqZ¡kxj‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM 6.Ab¨vb¨ msMV‡bi cwiPvjK‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
7.AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
3.`vwqZ¡kxj‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
K.DaŸ©Zb `vwqZ¡kxj
76
ÑwbqwgZ wi‡cvU© †`qvi Rb¨ ÑZ_¨ †`qvi Rb¨
L.AaŸ¯—b `vwqZ¡kxj
Ñ mvsMVwbK Kv‡Ri wbqwgZ ZË¡veavb ÑZ_¨ †bqvi Rb¨
ÑmsMVK‡ì wbqwgZ ZË¡veavb b¨vb¨ msMV‡bi Ae¯’v Rvbvi Rb¨
5.cÖkvm‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
ÑcÖkvm‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì Ab¨Zg KvR
Ñcªkvm‡bi mKj ¯—‡iB wePiY _vK‡Z n‡e
ÑG‡¶‡Î KiYxq
K.msMVK‡ì ¯§vU©‡bm _vKv ìKvi
L.cwi¯‹vi cwi”QbœZv
M.m¤úK© e„w×i Rb¨ cwiKwíZ †hvMv‡hvM
32. msMVb m¤cÖmviY I MYwfwË iPbv
 msMVb m¤cÖmviY
# msMVb m¤cÖmviY ej‡Z Ñ
ÑmKj cvov gnjvq msMV‡bi `vIqvZ †cŠ‡Q †`qv
ÑmKj wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b msMV‡bi `vIqvZ †cŠ‡Q †`qv
ÑmsMV‡bi cwiwPwZ we¯Z…Z Kiv
Ñm‡e©v¯—‡i ïfvKvsLx‡ì Kv‡Q msMV‡bi cwiwPwZ Zz‡j aiv
#msMVb m¤cÖmvi‡Y KiYxq welq
1.cwiKíbv MÖnb 4.†hvM¨ `vwqZ¡kxj
2.cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡b c`‡¶c †bqv 5.me©¯—‡ii Rbkw³i mvsMVwbK `¶Zv e„w×i eë¯’v Kiv
3.Rbkw³i `vIqvZx †gRvR M‡o †Zvjv
6.gv‡bvbœvq‡bvi Rb¨ avivevwnK †cÖvMÖvg
ÑcÖwk¶Y †cÖvMvªg ÑmvnPh© `vb -e¨cK †KviAvb nvw`m Aa¨qb
7.†PBb Ae wjWvikxc
8.Avw_©K Am”QjZv `yixKiY
#msMVb m¤cÖmvi‡Y mgm¨v I cÖwZeÜKZv
1.h_vh_ cwiKíbv Mªn‡bi Afve 4.AvMÖn I DwÏcbvi Afve
2.m‡e©v¯—‡iii Rbkw³vi †c‡ikvbxi Afve 5.`vIqvZx PwiÎ ˆZix bv nIq v
3.`¶ Rbkw³i msKU 6.Avw_©K msKU
 MYwfwË iPbv
Ñ bex (mv) Gi Av‡›`vjb ch©v‡jvvPb v Ki‡j `ywU cªav&b ‰ewkó¨ dz‡U I‡V
1.Bmjvgx ‰bwZKZv m¤úbœ Av`k© PwiÎevb †hvM¨‡bZv I Kgx© evwnbxi mgš^‡q M‡o IVv GKwU gheyZ msMVb
2.Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZv I Kgx©‡ì e¨cK `vIqvZx KvR I MYms‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡g Bmjvgx wec‡ei j‡¶¨ †`ke¨cx
GKwU AbyKj ~ RbgZ M‡o †Zvjv
#MYwfwË wK I †Kb
ÑMYwfwË n‡”Q RbM‡Yvi gv‡~S ¯’vqx Ae¯’vb ˆZix Z_v m‡ev©¯—‡ii gvby‡lvi gv‡S Av‡›`vjb I msMVb‡K RbwcÖq K‡i †Zvjvi bvg |
ÑBmjvgx msMV‡b Av`k© D‡Ïk¨ I Kg©m~Px m¤ú‡K© RbM‡bi `„p Av¯’v , Z¨v‡Mi gvbwmKZv , Ges Av`k© cÖwZôvq me©vZ¥K
mg_©b Av`v‡qi †hvM¨Zv‡K Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi MYwfwË ejv nq |
Ñ cÖ‡Z¨K Rbkw³i e¨w³MZ MYwfwËi mgwš^Z †h iƒc Zv Av‡›`vj‡bi MYwfwË‡Z cwiYZ nq |
ÑRbkw³i& DbœZ K¨vwiqvi I mvsMVwbK `¶Zvi cvkvcvwk †bZ…Z¡ I Kgx© evwnbxi mvgvwRK PwiÎI _vK‡Z n‡e |
Ñwec‡ei Rb¨ I Zv a‡i ivLv i Rb¨ MYwfwË ìKvi
ÑAv‡›`vj‡bi avivevwnKZvq evwZ‡ji P¨v‡jÄ Aek¨¤¢vex Zv †gvKvwejvi Rb¨ MYwfwË ìKvi
ÑmvgvwRK wec-e Qvov Bmjvgx wec-e m¤¢e bq |
#MYwfwË iPbvi cÖwµqv
nVvr ev ivZvivwZ PgK jvMv‡bv †Kvb Kg©m~Pxi gva¨‡g Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi MYwfwË iPb v m¤¢e bq | we‡kl cwiKíbv
MÖn‡bi gva¨‡g avivevwnK wbiwew”Qbœfv‡e KvR Kivi ga¨ w`‡q MYwfwË iPbvi cÖ‡Póv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e | G‡¶‡Î KiYxq Ñ
77
1.e¨vcK wfwËK cwiKíbv Mªnb Kiv
K.cwiKíbv wK n‡e Zv wbav©iY
L.GjvKv ev wk¶vcÖwZôv‡bi cvwicvwk¦©K GjvKvi mwVK g~j¨vqb
M.Kv‡Ri †¶‡Î cÖwZeÜKZv wK?& Ges Zv `yi Kivi wK eë¯’v Av‡Q?
N. wK wK m¤¢vebv Av‡Q ?Ges G¸‡jv‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡b vi wKwK my‡hvM Av‡Q |
O. †bZ…Z¡ I Kgx©evwnbxi gvb I †hvM¨Zv
2.cwiKíbv MÖn‡bi c~‡e© mvwe©K Ae¯’vi Dc‡i GKwU Rwic |
K. GjvKvi AvqZb ev mxgvbv P.Rbmvavi‡bi ivR‰bwZK g‡bvfve wKiƒc
L.†gvU RbmsL¨v KZ Q.GjvKvq KZwU gmwR` Av‡Q
M.wkw¶‡Zi nvi KZ R.KZwU wk¶vcÖwZôvb Av‡Q
N. QvÎQvÎx‡ì msL¨v c„_K fv‡e wba©viY S.cwiKíbvi mgqmxgv wbav©iY
O.†eKvi hyeK‡ì msL¨v KZ .
3.MYg~Lx gReyZ msMVb
4.MwZkxj mvgvwRK †bZ„Z¡
5.wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b GK”QÎ cÖfve m„wó
6.agx©q cÖwZôvb I mvgvwRK ms¯’v mg~‡ni mv‡_ Mfxi m¤úK© ¯’vcb
7.Av‡jg mgv‡Ri gv‡S KvR Kiv
8.bvix I gwnjv mgv‡R Ae¯’vb gReyZ Kiv
9.kªgRxwe ‡gnbZx gvby‡li gv‡S msMVb‡K RbwcÖq K‡i †Zvjv
10.cÖfvekvjx e¨w³Z¡ I ‡ckvRxwe †kªYx‡K msMV‡bi cÖfve ej‡q wb‡q Avmv
11.e¨vcK `vIqvZx ZrciZv
K.†gŠwLK fv‡e Bmjvgx Av`‡k©i e¨vcK cÖPvi
L.wjwLZ c‡Î `vIqvZ m¤cÖmviY
o cÖPvicÎ wewj o MYgva¨g I msev`cÎ‡K e¨venvi
o ‡`qvj wjLb I †cv÷vwis o Acms¯‹…wZ †iva I Bmjvgx ms¯‹…wZi
o Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ , nvw`m, Zvdmxi wewj I weKvk
wewµ o MYms‡hvM Awfhvb I mdi
o AvaywbK cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g `vIqvZ
M.e¨w³MZ Avgj
12.mgvR‡mev I Rb‡mev g~jK Kvh©µg
33. mvs¯‹…wZK ØvwqZ¡kxj‡ì gvbDbœqb

# mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb cÖwZôv:
# mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb we¯Z…wZ:
# mvs¯‹„wZK Kgx© wn‡m‡e Kvw•LZ gvb:( e¨w³MZ fv‡e)
01. h_vh_ AvbyMZ¨ Kiv| 10. msMV‡bi AbygwZ Qvov †Kvb †cÖvMvg †b‡eb bv|
02. gvbDIbœvq‡bi avivevwnKZv eRvq ivL‡eb| 11. mvsMVwbK AbygwZ Qvov †Kvb †cÖvWv± †ei
03. msMV‡bi †gŠwjK †cÖvMÖvgv`x‡Z AskMÖnb| Ki‡eb bv|
04. †h mKj wel‡q AvMÖnx †m mKj wel‡q gvb 12. Zvi wb‡Ri †hvM¨Zv Aek¨B Avjvn& cÖ`Ë
evov‡bvi DË‡ivËi ‡Póv Ki‡eb| †hvM¨Zv G Rb¨ AvjvnÍ Kv‡Q †ewk aibv †Ìqv|
05. mvs¯‹…wZK †cÖvMªvg mg~‡n wbqwgZ Dcw¯’Z _vK‡Z 13. hZB †hvM¨Zvi AwaKvix †nvb bv †Kb msMV‡bi
n‡e| Ae`v‡bi K_v fy‡j hv‡eb bv|
06. †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸bvejx AR©b Kiv| 14. Zvi mKj ZrciZv n‡e †MvQv‡bv AvKl©bxq|
07. ˆbwZK w`K †_‡K mg„× Ki‡Z n‡e| 15. wb‡Rj mKj cÖ‡Póvi wi‡cvU© msi¶b Ki‡eb|
08. †jvf jvjmv gy³ n‡eb| 16. G KvR‡K Bev`Z g‡b K‡i f~wgKv cvjb Kiv|
09. Avf¨š—ixb mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv †g‡b Pj‡eb| 17. âh©kxj I K‡Vvi cwikªgx nIqv|
78
18. AvjvnÍ mš‘wói j‡¶¨ cÖ‡Z¨KwUP KvR Ki‡Z 20. Aci‡K AMÖvaxKvi|
n‡e| 21. mn‡hvMx‡ì †K m¯§vb †Ìqv|
19. msKxb©Zv cwinvi K‡i wekvj ü`‡qi AwaKvix
n‡eb|
# Rbkw³ †K wbqwgZ cÖwk¶‡bi eëš’v:
1. mvsMVwbK †gŠwjK cÖwk¶b| 2. mvs¯‹„wZK wewfbœ wel‡q cÖwk¶b|
# g~j msMV‡bi mv‡_ mgbœq:
01. ¯’vbxq I †K›`ªxq msMVb 03. wPwV †Ìqv †bIqv|
02. ‡LvR Lei ivLv| 04. mfvcwZi mv‡_ m¤úK© Dbœqb|
# mvs¯‹…wZK msMV‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM:
# mvs¯‹…wZK Kgx©‡ì †gavweKv‡k Kvh©Ki D‡Ï¨vM|
# †SvKcÖebZv Abyhvqx Rbkw³ cwiPvjbvq fywgKv cvjb|
01.†SvK Abyhvqx ØvwqZ¡| 02. gb gvbwmKZv ey‡S KvR †Ìqv|
# Avf¨š—ixb mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv wbwðZ Kiv|
# Rbkw³i gvb Dbœ‡qvb I ˆbwZK gvb msi¶b|
# ØvwqZ¡kxjM‡bi wb‡Ri gvb msi¶b|
# mvs¯‹…wZK Dcv`vb¸‡jv msi¶‡bi eë¯’v Kiv|
# wewfbœ w`K I wefv‡M bZzb bZzb welq D™¢veb|
01. e¨w³i D‡Ï¨vM †K DrmvwnZ Kiv| 03. mvs¯‹…wZK Drme|
02. mvgwóK D‡Ï¨vM MÖnb Kiv| 04. Gi Rb¨ wewfbœ cÖwk¶b I cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi eë¯’v Kiv|
# mvs¯‹…wZK ØvwqZ¡kxj‡ì gvb DbœqY|
- gvb Dbœqb †Kb Ki‡eb|
01. GB A½‡b gvb Aebg‡bi m¤¢vebv †ewk|
02. GB A½‡bi Rbkw³ wb‡R‡K wKQyUv D`wi fve‡Z wM‡q wec‡ì m¤¢vebv _v‡K|
03. ØvwqZ¡kxjMb mMvM bv _vK‡j Gi †bwZevPv cÖfve Kgx©‡ì Dci c‡i|
04. ‡hvM¨Zvi I cÖwZfvi AvwaK¨ Zv‡K A‡bK mgq AnsKvix K‡i †Zv‡j|
05. GB A½‡bi Rbkw³i Av‡eM AbyfywZ wZ¶è _v‡K weavq †QvULv‡Uv welq wb‡qB gZwe‡iva n‡Z cv‡i, g‡b Kó †c‡Z
cv‡i| GB G‡` †K h_vh_ fv‡e cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ mvsMVwbK gvb cÖ‡qvRb|
06. cÖwZwU Rbkw³‡K memgq cvnvov †Ìqv hvq bv| mvsMVwbK gvbB Zv‡ì †K cvnvov †`‡e|
07. mvs¯‹…wZK Kg©Kv‡Û Zviv AvMÖnx _v‡K wKš‘ †gŠwjK Kv‡R AvMÖn _v‡K bv| GUv cieZx©‡Z wec‡ì Kvib n‡Z cv‡i|
# gvb Dbœq‡b Kibxq wK?
01. evwl©K cwiKíbv MÖnb|
- cwiKíbvi wewfbœ w`K
- ‡K›`ª †_‡K GKwU wi‡cvU© di‡gi Av‡jv‡K cwiKíbv MÖnb Kiv ìKvi|
02. Kvh©Kix cwiKíbv MÖnb|
- †Kvb gv‡m †Kvb KvR †K Ki‡e wKfv‡e|
03. gvwmK/ wØgvwmK wi‡cvU© chv©‡jvPbvi eë¯’v|
- GB êV‡K kvLvi ØvwqZ¡kxjMb‡K Dcw¯’Z Ki‡Z n‡e|
04. mvs¯‹…wZK ØvwqZ¡kxj‡ì †K kvLvi cvVP‡µ Aš—f©y³ Ki‡bi j‡¶¨ †K‡›`ªi †gvwU‡fkb|
05. msMV‡bi †gŠwjK †cÖvMÖv‡g Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Kiv|
06. msMV‡bi †gŠwjK †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv wbqwgZ Kivi eë¯’v Kiv|
07. e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© h_vh_fv‡e msi¶b Kiv|
08. msMV‡bi h_vh_ AvbyMZ¨ Kiv|
09. wb‡Ri Rxeb‡K fvm©vg¨c~b© Kiv|
10. ‰bwZK w`K †_‡K wb‡R‡K mg„× Kiv|
11. h_vh_ AvZœgh©v`vi gva¨‡g e¨w³MZ Î“wUwePÿwU `yi Kivi eë¯’v Kiv|
12. hv‡ì gvb D‡bœvqb Kiv n‡e Zv‡ì ZvwjKv ˆZwi K‡i wbhwgZ Av‡jvPbv Pµ/ cvVP‡µi eë¯’v Kiv|
-‡cÖvMÖv‡gb eë¯’vcbv memgq cwiPvj‡Ki| - Gi Rb¨¯úw¯’vZ wbwðZ Kiv|
13. mvs¯‹…wZK e¨w³Z¡ wn‡m‡e †hb M‡o DV‡Z cv‡i GB Rb¨ cÖwk¶‡bi eë¯’v|
79
14. msMV‡bi AbygywZ wb‡qB mKj KvR Kiv|
- evB‡ii †cÖvMÖv‡g hvIqvi Av‡M AbygwZ| - K¨v‡mU †ei Kivi c~‡e© AbygywZ|
- wewfbœ Wªvd&U¸wj‡q †`wL‡q †bIqv|
# hv eR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
01. †jvf jvjmv| 02. nxbgb¨Zv, msKxb©gbZv 03. MxeZ, ciPP©v|
34. mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb cÖwZôv I cwiPvjbv

# ms¯‹…wZ Kv‡K e‡j ?
# mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb Kv‡K e‡j?
# mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb cÖwZôvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv t
1. ms¯‹„wZ n‡”Q Rxe‡bi AsM
2. myZivs ivóª I mgv‡Ri AsM
3. ivR‰bwZK wec‡ei Rb¨ mvs¯‹…wZK wece Acwinvh©
4. ivR‰bwZK wec‡ei Rb¨ mvs¯‹…wZK wece c~e© kZ©
5. GKwU MwZkxj I wecegyLx Z_v cwieZ©bgyLx msMV‡bi Rb¨ mvs¯‹…wZK ZrciZv Acwinvh©
6. ZrciZv Pvjv‡Z Aek¨B mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb cÖ‡qvRb
7. AvKvk ms¯‹…wZi we¯—vi †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨
# mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb cÖwZôvi c×wZ :
1. cwiKíbv MÖnb
- evwl©K cwiKíbv I Kvh©Kix cwiKíbvi wb‡q Avbvi eë¯’v Kiv|
- G Rb¨ `vwqZ¡kxj‡K h_vmg‡q ¯îb Kwi‡q †`qv|
2. ‡PŠKl I †hvM¨ msMVK evQvq Kiv|
- fvj D‡`¨v³v - †hvMv‡hvM Kiv
- AsMb m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb| - Zv‡ì‡K D™¢y× Kivi eë¯’v Kiv
-gwU Kiv hvq Ggb cwigvb Rbkw³ evQvq - `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì mv‡_ eywS‡q Zv‡ì †bqvi eë¯’v
- ZvwjKv Kiv Kiv|
3. GKwU cwic~b© KwgwU MV‡bi †Póv Pvjvb
 cwiPvjK  A_© m¤úv`K  cvVvMvi m¤úv`K
 mn cwiPvjK  cÖPvi m¤úv`K  wkï wefvMxq
 cÖwk¶b m¤úv`K  Awdm m¤úv`K cwiPvjK
- G QvovI cÖ‡qvRbxq m¤úv`K ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i|
4. G QvovI cÖ‡qvRb wefvM wfwËK c„_K c„_K c~b©v½ KwgwU
- GwU eo kvLv¸‡jvi Rb¨
 bvU¨ wefvM  KweZv
 AvU©/ wWRvBb  msMxZ
 mvwnZ¨  mvBg
 cwÎKv
- G‡¶‡Î Avg‡eªjv msMVb n‡Z cv‡i
- GKwU AvKl©bxq bvg _vK‡e
- cÖwZwU wefv‡Mi c„_K c„_K bvg _vK‡e
5. GKwU Dc‡`óv cwil` MVb Ki‡Z n‡e
80
- hviv ms¯‹…wZ gbv| - G AsM‡b wewfbœ †¶‡Î †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ
- Avw_©K †_‡K ¯^”Qj - ‰eV‡K hv‡ì cvevi m¤¢vebv
6. Avg‡eªjv msMV‡bi †¶‡Î :
35. ¯‹z‡j `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri ¸i“Z¡

Ô`vIqvZÕ Aviex kã
A_©-WvKv, Avnevb Kiv
msÁv t †Kvb j¶¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L H j‡¶ï w`‡K Avnevb Kiv|
* `vIqv‡Z Øxb t
Avjvni c‡_ gvbyl‡K Avnevb Kiv‡K `vIqvZ Bjvjvn ev `vIqv‡Z Øxb e‡j|
BnKvjxb kvwšÍ, ciKvjxb gyw³ Z_v Bmjvgx Rxeb weav‡bi c‡_ Avnevb Kiv‡K `vIqvZ Bjvjvn e‡j|
¸i“Z¡ t
4. nvgxg Avm-mvR`v-33-`vIqv‡Zi KvR n‡”Q m‡e©vËg KvR|
5. wRnv‡ì 1g KvR `vIqvZ
6. bvnj-125, mivmwi `vIqv‡Zi wb‡`©k †`qv n‡q‡Q|
Av‡j-Bgivb-110, 104 Avivd-59,73,85,65 BDmyd-158 Beªvnxg-5
Avnhve-45-46 kyiv-15 dvwZi-24 gyÏvw”Qi-1-3 ewb-BmivCj-53
nv`xm t
* †Zvgiv Aek¨B mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k w`‡e Ges AmrKvR †_‡K weiZ ivL‡e|
** b‡Pr †Zvgv‡ì Dci hš¿YvKi Avhve †`qv n‡e, †Zvgiv †`vqv Ki‡e wKš‘ Keyj Kiv n‡e bv|
# `vIqvZx KvR †Kb Ki‡Z n‡e?
ivm~j (mt)-Gi me©‡kl wb‡`©k
 ivm~j (mt) D¤§Z wn‡m‡e `vIqvZx KvR eva¨Zvg~jK  `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri K_vB/KvRB m‡e©vËg|
 m‡e©vËg me©‡kªô RvwZ n‡Z n‡j  mn‡R RvbœvZ jv‡fi Dcvq|
 AvZ¥MV‡bi Rb¨  BnKvjxb kvwšÍ I ciKvjxb gyw³i Rb¨
# ¯‹zj t
# `vIqvZx KvR t
# ¯‹z‡j `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri ¸i“Z¡ t
1. ¯‹zj ch©vq wk¶v eë¯’vi cÖv_wgK wfwË 5. ¯‹zj ch©v‡qi †KvgjgwZ QvÎ‡ì Kv‡Q mn‡RB
2. ¯‹zj ch©v‡q †ewk QvÎ QvÎx †jLv cov K‡i| `vIqvZ †cŠQv‡bv hvq|
3. AvR‡Ki wkïivB AvMvgx w`‡b RvwZi KvÛvix 6. Zv‡ì we‡ivaxZvi gvbwmKZv Kg _v‡K|
4. ¯‹z‡ji Qv&Î QvÎxivB AvMvgx w`‡b wewfbœ 7. ¯‹zj ch©v‡q AY¨vb¨ msMV‡bi ZrcoZv Zzjbvg~jK
wk¶vcÖwZôv‡b †jLv cov Ki‡e| fv‡e Kg|
`vIqvZx Kv‡R wkwe‡ii DcKib mg~n t
1. `vIqvZ wefvM t
 wK‡kvi KÚ  At a glance
 Ry‡fbvBj f‡qm  wWwRUvj wK‡kviKÚ
 QvÎ msev`  wWwRUvBj Ry‡fbvBjf‡qm
 Student voice
81
2. cÖKvkbv wefvM t
 wmwiR  kZ kZ ÷xKvi
 Z_¨ mg„× K¨‡jÛvi  wmwW / wfwmwW
 Z_¨ eûj Wv‡qix  Mv‡bi K¨‡mU
 K¬vk i“wUb  wkwe‡ii Dci msw¶ß wfwmwW
 Bs‡iRx, evsjv I As‡Ki †Uwej IqvK©  Bs‡iRx cÖKvkbv mgyn
3. Z_¨ I M‡elbv wefvM t
 wkwe‡ii Dc‡i wmwW  knx`‡ì Dc‡i VCD
 i³v³ Rbc` 1 I 2
G Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb-
1. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì m‡PZbZv 3 Avw_©K mv‡cvU©
2. msKxb©Zv cwinvi 4. Z_¨ cÖhyw³‡Z †hvM¨Zv AR©b|
36. ¯‹zj `vIqvZx Kv‡R mgm¨v I mgvav‡bi Dcvq
mgm¨v mg~n t
1. mg_©K di‡g m‡PZbfv‡e †hvM`vb KiwQ K_vwU 17. A_©‰bwZK mgm¨v
D‡jL _vKv| 18. hvbevn‡bi mgm¨v
2. wk¶K‡ì we‡ivwaZv| 19. ¯‹zj‡Kw›`ªK mgq Kg †Ìqv
3. QvÎiv AwaK msL¨K cÖvB‡f‡U e¨¯— _vKv| 20. Avgv‡ì gbv wk¶K‡ì mv‡_ mgš^q bv _vKv|
4. `vwqZ¡kxjiv ¯‹z‡j cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z bv cviv| 21. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì †iRv‡ë mgm¨v|
5. QvÎwkwei m¤ú‡K© åvš— avibv| 22. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì Dc¯’vcbv Z_v `vIqvZx Pwi‡Îi
6. AwaKgvÎvq †Ljva~jvq e¨¯— _vKv Afve|
7. ‡gavm¤úbœ `vwqZ¡kx‡ji Afve| 23. cÖhyw³ eënvi Ki‡Z bv cviv|
8. Acms¯‹…wZi mqjve| 24. `vIqvZx DcKi‡bi h_vh_ eënvi Ki‡Z bv
9. QvÎwkwei‡K ivR‰bwZK `j g‡b Kiv| cviv|
10. Chain of Leadership mgm¨v| 25. Ly‡` wkwei ev wkï msMVb bv _vKv|
11. AvKl©Yxq MVbg~jK †cÖvMÖvg bv †bIqv| 26. wek¦ mvwnZ¨ †K‡›`ªi mvwn‡Zï gva¨‡g Bmjvg
12. mivmwi msMV‡bi bv‡g cÖ_‡g `vIqvZ †Ìqv| wegyL f~wgKv cvjb Kiv|
13. ¯‹zj QvÎ‡ì wb‡q wbqwgZ Avjv`v †cÖvMÖvg bv 27. `ª“Z †iRvë cÖvwßi cÖZ¨vkv (‰a‡h©ï Afve)
Kiv| 28. kvLv `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì c¶ †_‡K we‡kl
14. `vwqZ¡kx‡ji AwfeveK‡ì mv‡_ fvj m¤úK© bv ZË¡veav‡bi Afve Ges ¯‹zj wefvM‡K Kg
_vKv| ¸i“Z¡ †Ìqv|
15. ¯‹zj `vwqZ¡xk‡ì ¯’vwq‡Z¡i Afve| 29. Kg©c×wZi h_vh_ AbyKiY bv Kiv
16. Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨¸‡jv Bs‡iRx‡Z bv nIqvq 30. cvVvMv‡i ¯‹zj Dc‡hvMx eB‡qi Afve|
Bswjk wgwWqvg ¯‹z‡j `vIqvZ `v‡b mgm¨v 31. ‡KviAvb †ZjvIqv‡Z mgm¨v|
mgvavb mg~nt
1. ¯‹zj QvÎ‡ì Rb¨ Avjv`v dig ˆZwi - mg_©b KiwQ K_vwU D‡jL _vKv|
2. wk¶K‡ì mv‡_ e¨w³MZ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡g m¤úK© Dbœqb|
3. GKv‡WwgK †KvwPs Gi gva¨‡g wb‡RB wk¶‡Ki f~wgKv cvjb Kiv|
4. A½msMV‡bi gva¨‡g ¯‹z‡j †XvKvi eë¯’v Kiv|
5. wewfbœ †cÖvMªv‡g mvavib cÖ‡kœvË‡ii gva¨‡g åvš— aviYv `~i Kiv|
6. µxov cÖZw‡hvwMZvi gva¨‡g `vIqvZx KvR Kiv|
7. ¯‹zj `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì GKv‡WwgK K¨vwiqvi Dbœqb I fvlvÁvb AR©b Ges †gavex QvÎ‡ì `vwqZ¡kxj wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM
Kiv|
8. Bmjvgx ms¯‹…wZi gva¨‡g Acms¯‹…wZ `~i Kiv|
9. Chain of Leadership ˆZwi Kiv|
10. wkwei m¤ú‡K© my¯úó avibv `vb|
11. cix¶vi djvdj fvj Kivi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvwMZv|
82
12. `vwq‡Z¡i †¶‡Î Ae‡njv bv Kiv|
13. AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ mym¤úK© Movi †Póv|
14. Bswjk wgwWqvg ¯‹z‡j `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Bmjvgx mvwn‡Zï Bs‡iRx ms¯‹iY cÖ‡qvRb|
15. cwiKwíZfv‡e myax ïfvKv•Lx e„w×i gva¨‡g A_©‰bwZK mgm¨v `~i Kiv|
16. cwiKwíZfv‡e wbqwgZ ZË¡veavb Kiv|
17. ¯‹zj wefv‡Mi evqZzjgvj A‡c¶vK…Z Kg wba©viY Kiv ìKvi cª‡qvR‡b DaŸ©Zb msMVb †_‡K fZz©Kxi eë¯’v Kiv|
18. gq`v‡bi Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK mvB‡Kj A_ev Ab¨ hvbevn‡bi eë¯’v Kiv|
19. AwaK cwigv‡b ¯‹zj co–qv `vwqZ¡kxj ˆZwii Ges KvR wkLv‡bv ìKvi|
20. Zv‡ì mv‡_ wbqwgZ †hvMv‡hvM ivLv, wewfbœ cÖKvwkZ mvgMÖx weZib Ges gv‡S g‡a¨ ‰eV‡K emv|
21. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì mvsMVwbK Ges GKv‡WwgK †¶‡Î fvimvg¨ i¶v Kiv|
22. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì †K e¨cK mvsMVwbK Aa¨qbmn Dc¯’vc‡bi †¶‡Î nxbgb¨Zv `~i Kiv|
23. cÖhyw³i h_vh_ eënvi (Kw¤úDUvi, wm wW, AwWI, wfwWI, wmwW K¨v‡mU cÖ`k©b)
24. `vIqvZx DcKi‡bi h_vh_ eënvi (wK‡kvi KÚ, Ry‡fbvBj f‡qm, weÁvb wmwiR mn wewfbœ mg‡q cÖKvwkZ
`vIqvZx DcKiY)|
25. ¶z‡`ª wkwei Ges wkï msMVb Kv‡qg Kiv|
26. G †¶‡Î Bmjvg gbv wewfbœ †jLK‡ì mvwnZ¨mn Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ w`‡q ¯‹j †Kw›`ªK cvVvMvi cÖwZôv Kiv|
27. `ª“Z †iRvë cÖvwßi cÖZ¨vkv bv Kiv| G‡¶‡Î `xN© †gqv`x I ¯^í ‡gqv`x cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K KvR Kiv|
28. wewfbœfv‡e ¯‹zj wefvM‡K mn‡hvwMZvmn `vwqZ¡kxj †mUAv‡ci †¶‡Î AZ¨vwaK ¸i“Z¡ †Ìqv|
29. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì Kg©c×wZi h_vh_ Abymi‡bi gva¨‡g gq`v‡b Zv cÖ‡qvM Kiv|
30. cvVvMv‡i †KviAvb nv`xmmn ¯‹zj Dc‡hvMx mvwn‡Zï Afve `~i Kiv|
31. ¯‹zj QvÎ‡ì‡K †KviAvb †kLv‡bvi Rb¨ kvLvi c¶ ‡_‡K †KviAvb K¬vm Pvjy Kiv|
37. msMV‡bi BwZnvm HwZn¨

# Dcgnv‡`‡k Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb:
 gnv¤§` web Kvwk‡gi †bZ…‡Z¡ me©cÖ_g wmÜz cÖ‡`‡k Bmjvg cÖPvi ïi“ nq|
 A‡bK cxi ì‡e‡ki c`vc©b G‡`‡k Bmjvg cÖPvi I cÖmvi jvf K‡i|
 ‡gvNj mgªvU AvKei Bmjv‡gi wPÎ‡K wee„Z K‡ib|
 Gici kvnIqvwjDjvn †`njfx I Zvi mvM‡iìv Bmjv‡gi cÖPvi K‡ib|
 me©‡k‡l mvB‡q` Aveyj Avjv gI`y`x i: Bmjv‡gi cÖPvi I cÖevi NUvb wjLbx I gy‡Li gva¨‡g Ges 1941 mv‡j
RvgvqvZ MV‡bi gva¨‡g|
# QvÎ Av‡›`vjb:
 Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjv‡gi wm×v‡š— 1947 mv‡ji 23†k wW‡m¤î jv‡nv‡i Bmjvgx QvÎ msN cÖwZwôZ nq|
 cÖ_g mfvcwZ nb Rvdi Dj-vn Lvb AvwRR| wcZv -bmi“jvn Lvb|
 ZLb QvÎ msN RvgvqvZ f~³ wQj
 3-4 Rb wb‡q KvR ïi“ nq| ZLb c~e© evsjvq †Kvb KvR wQj bv|
# evsjv‡`‡k QvÎ Av‡›`vjbt
 c_g ms‡Ni `vIqvZ wb‡q Av‡mb ûmvBb Lvb|
 mvB‡q` gynv¤§` Avjx Øviv cÖ_g KvR ïi“ nq wZwb cÖ_g evOjvfvlx C.P wQ‡jb|
 1956-58 mv‡j ØvqxZ¡ cvjb K‡ib&|
 1958 mv‡j mvgwiK kvmb nq Ges mKj QvÎ msMVb evwZj |
 ZLb gymjxg gRwjk bv‡g KvR ïi“ nq|
 1962 mv‡j G msMVb‡K evwZi †Nvlbv Kiv nq|
 G mgq †kL gvneye Avjx gv`ªvmvi QvÎ‡ì wb‡q Av‡›`vjb K‡ib|
83
 1961-63 ch©š— nvweeyi ingvb KvR K‡ib|
 1963 mv‡ji wKQz mgq Wv: G. we. Gg bv‡Rg Øvqx‡Z¡ wQ‡jb| m`m¨ wQj 32 Rb|
 1963-65 ch©š— `vwqZ¡ wQ‡jb G. GK. Gg bvwRi Avn‡g`
 G mgq mO‡Ni Kv‡Ri cÖmvi N‡U|
 1965-67 mfvcwZ †Mvjvg miIqvi
-bvwRi Avng` †¶Î ˆZix K‡ib|
-miIqvi mv‡ne exR ecb K‡ib|
 1968-69 gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx Dfq cvw¯—v‡bi bv‡Rg wn‡m‡e ØvwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|
 g~jZ 66-70 ch©š— †Zgb †Kvb KvR Kiv m¤¢e nqwb, G mgq RvgvqvZ †K evievi AvNvZ Kiv nq|
 1970 †_‡K 72 ch©š— `vwq‡Z¡ wQ‡jb Avjx Avnmvb gy-gyRvwn`|
 1973-75 Avey bv‡mi †gvnv¤§` Avey Rv‡ni
 1976-78 gxi Kv‡kg Avjx
 1977 mv‡ji 6B †deª“qvix Bmjvgx QvÎwkwei bvgKib|
 cÖwZôvKvix‡ì bvg †kl c„ôvq-
# Bmjvgx QvÎwkwei:
 1978 mvj ch©š— gxi Kv‡kg Avjx fvB
 1978-79 mvj ch©š— gynv¤§` Kvgi“¾vgvb fvB
 1979-81 mvj ch©š— gnv: Avey Zv‡ni fvB
 1981-82 Gbvgyj nK gÄy fvB
 1982 Gi ga¨B Avãyj Kv‡ì ev”Py fvB
 1982-83 mvi ch©š— mvBdyj Avjg Lvb wgjb fvB
 1983-85 mvj ch©š— Zvmbxg Avjg fvB
 1985-87 mvj ch©š— Wv: ˆmq` Avãyjvn gy: Zv‡ni fvB
 1987-89 mvj ch©š— gynv: kvgmyj Avjg fvB
 1989-91 mvj ch©š— Wv: Avwgbyj Bmjvg gyKzj fvB
 1991-92 mvj ch©š— Avey Rvdi gy: Ievq`yj-vn fvB
 1993- †mkb nvwg` ûmvBb AvRv` fvB
 1994-95 gy: iwdKzj Bmjvg Lvb fvB
 1995-97 gy: kvnRvnvb fvB
 1998-99 gwZDi ingvb AvK›`|
# msMV‡bi µg weKvk
1. 1954-60 ch©š—
 ‡jvK msMÖn I msMV‡bi cwiwPwZ NUv‡bv|
 ivR‰bwZK msMVb bq gymwjg wgkb wn‡m‡e KvR|
 cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi we‡ivaxZv VvUªv we`ª“c|
2. 1961-66 mvj ch©š—
 msMVb m¤cÖmvi‡bi w`‡K †Lqvj †`qv nq|
 `vwqZ¡kxj ˆZix I mvsMVwbK gReywZ Avbq‡bi †Póv Kiv nh|
 e¨w³MZ ch©v‡q ivR‰bwZK ZrciZv ïi“ nq|
 we‡ivaxZv Avm‡Z _v‡K|
3. 1967-68 mvj ch©š—:
 msMV‡bi e¨vcK we¯—…wZ Kiv nq|
 cÖwk¶b cÖMÖv‡gi eë¯’v
 ¯‹zj QvÎ‡ì gv‡S KvR ïi“
 Bmjvgx wk¶v Av‡›`vj‡b Ask †bqv nq|
 msMV‡bi ivR‰bwZK cwiwPwZ evo‡Z _v‡K|
84
 A‡bK RvqMvq g„`y msNl©
4. 1968-69 mvj ch©š—:
 c~b© kw³‡Z AvZ¡ cÖKvk I KvR ïi“ Kiv nq|
 e¨vcK cwiwPwZ NUv‡bv nq|
 cÖZ¨¶ ivRbxwZ‡Z AskMÖnb
 Rvgvqv‡Zi mv‡_ †hvMmyÎ ¯’vcb
 cÖwk¶b h_vixwZ Pj‡Z _v‡K|
 miKvi KZ…©K cÖbxZ wk¶v bxwZi wei“‡× wk¶v Av‡›`vjb Kiv nq|
 1969 mv‡ji 15B AvM÷ gv‡jK fvB knx` nb|
 G kvnv`v‡Zi gva¨‡g Kv‡Ri cÖmvi N‡U|
 Bmjvg we‡ivax gnj ms‡Ni wcQ‡b †j‡N hvq|
5. 1970 mvj :
 miKvi we‡ivax Av‡›`vjb 8 `dv `vex wb‡q msN Av‡›`vjb ïi“ K‡i|
 ms‡Ni e¨vcK cwiwPwZ Zz‡j aiv nq|
 cÖv‡`wkK wbe©vP‡b RvgvqvZ †K mn‡hvMxZv Kiv nq|
 18 B Rvby: B‡Wb K‡j‡R iwdK m‡¤§jb nq| msNl© n‡j AvIqvj I gv‡R` bv‡g `yRb fvB gvnv`vZ
eib K‡ib|
 RvgvqvZ I ms‡Ni m¤úK© Nwbó nq|
6. 1971 mvj
 AvIqvgx wbe©vP‡b weRqx nq|
 RvgvqvZ ¶gZv n¯—vš—i Ki‡Z e‡j|
 ¯^vaxbZv Kv‡j we‡ivax gnj 2500 ms‡Ni Kgx©‡K nZ¨v K‡i|
 ‡gv¯—dv gIKvZ Bgivb fvB‡K wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq| wb‡Ri nv‡Z Kei Lywo‡q ZvRv Ae¯’vq gvwU
Pvcv †`qv nq| wZwb XvKv kni mfvcwZ I †gwW‡Kj QvÎ wQ‡jb|
7. 1972-73 mvj ch©š—
 ‡Mvc‡b KvR ïi“ nq| cÖKvk n‡j g„Zz¨ AeavwiZ
 c~be©vm‡bi KvR Kiv nq AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb‡ìÿvmvq|
8. 1974 mvj
 bZzb KvR ïi“ nq|
 msweavb ms‡kvab K‡i c~b© kw³ w`‡q †Mvc‡b KvR ïi“ Kiv nq|
 Avš—R©vwZK †¶‡Î m¤úK© ¯’vc‡bi †Póv Kiv nq|
9. 1975-77 mvj ch©š—
 mvsMVwbK gReyZ I Avš—R©vwZK m¤úK© evov‡bv nq|
 1976 G cÖKv‡k¨ KvR ïi“ Kiv nq|
 Kgx©iv Lye `ymn I KwVbfv‡e KvR ïi“ K‡i| gvÎ 1 Uv gUi mvB‡Kj wQj| cv‡q †n‡U ivZ †R‡M KvR
Kiv nq|
 msMVb MyQv‡bv †bZ…Z¡ ˆZix nq|
10. 1977-80 mvj ch©š—
 bZzb bv‡g e¨vcK fv‡e KvR Kiv nq|
 80 w`‡K QvÎ mgv‡Ri gv‡S e¨vcK mvov c‡o|
 QvÎ msm` wbe©vP‡b Ask MÖnb Kiv nq|
11. 1980 mvj †_‡K eZ©gvb ch©š—
 Rb wcÖqZv jvf K‡i| wbe©vP‡b weRqx nq| e¨vcK cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i|
 1981 mv‡j wekvj Kg©x m‡¤§jb|
 1982 iv:we‡Z cÖ_g 4 Rb knx`|
85
 1983 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q cÖwZôv evwl©Kx m‡¤§j‡b evav, msNl©, cÖPzi AvnZ|
 1982 mv‡i PvKmy‡Z weRq|
 85 mv‡ji 11 B †g beveMÄ †Kvivb wèm wkwe‡ii 5 Rb mn 8 Rb fv‡qi kvnv`vZ|
 e¨vcK msNl© AmsL¨ knx`|
# HwZn¨:
-BwZnv‡mi wk¶bxq welq B HwZn¨ -civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z KvR|
-‡Kn fyj Ki‡j Avgiv mivmwi ewj| -AvbyM‡Zï civKvóv cÖ`k©b
-MxeZ Kwi bv| -e¨w³cyRv eR©b Kiv nq|
-Gn‡Zmve c×wZ Øviv ms‡kvab| -msMV‡bi wbqg bxwZ †g‡b Pjv|
-gZvg‡Zi Kzievbxi gvbwlKZv| -ci¯ú‡ii m½j Kvgbv Kiv nq|
-wm×vš—‡K Pzovš— g‡b K‡i KvR Kwi| -mwVK mg‡q ‡cÖvMÖvg ïi“ Kiv|
-`vwqZ¡ †P‡q †bqv nq bv|
 1977- 6B †deª“qvix: wkwe‡ii cÖwZôv
1. gxi Kv‡kg Avjx| 4. ‡gv: Avey Zv‡ni
2. Avãyj evix| 5. Gbvgyj nK gÄy
3. ‡gv: Kvgvi“¾vgvb| 6. kvnvRvnvb Lvb gyKzj|
38. D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b `vIqvZx ZrciZv

# D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôvb :
- K‡jR, wek¦we`¨vjq K‡jR
- wek¦we`¨vjq
- Avwjg, dwRj Kvwgj gv`ªvmv
# D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b
`vIqvZx ZrciZvi cÖ‡qvRb t
1. wkwei GKwU QvÎ msMVb wn‡m‡e D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b Zvi `vIqvZx ZrcoZv _vK‡e GUvB ¯^vfvweK|
2. D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bB ˆbwZK Ae¶‡qi mqjvf| G mqjvf †_‡K QvÎ mgvR‡K D×vi Ki‡Z n‡j e¨cK
wfwËK `vIqvZx ZrciZvi †Kvb weKí †bB|
3. D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi QvÎ/QvÎxiv gvbwmK w`K w`‡q cwiPvqK| †Kvb wKQz‡K eyw×gËv w`‡q MÖnb I
eR©‡bi kw³ Zv‡ì i‡q‡Q| GgZve¯’vq Avgv‡ì `vIqvZ †K cwic~b©i“‡c Zz‡j aivi ¸i“Z¡c~b© mgq GwUB|
4. AwaKvsk †¶‡Î D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b 4/5 eQi Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z nq| G Rb¨ Ae¨nZ fv‡e avivewnK
cÖwµqvq e¨w³i Kv‡Q Kvh©Ki `vIqvZ †cŠwQ‡q †Ìqv m¤¢e nq|
5. D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bB wkwe‡ii c~b©v½ Kg©m~wPi mKj ev¯—evqb m¤¢e nq|
6. †bZ„‡Ë¡i mKj weKvk I cwic~b©Zvi Rb¨ D”PZi wk¶vcÖwZôvb wfwËK ZrcoZv AZxe Ri“ix|
7. D”PZi wk¶vcÖwZôv‡b wewfbœ msMVb¸‡jvi _v‡K mwµq ZrciZv| ZzjbvgyjKfv‡e MÖnb‡hvM¨ ev¯—e
ZrciZvi gva¨‡gB wkwe‡ii Av`wk©K †mŠ›`h©‡K Zy‡j aiv Ri“ix n‡q c‡o| d‡j Rbkw³i g‡a¨
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq weRqx nevi g‡bve„wË M‡o D‡V|
8. D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b Ávb M‡elbvi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv|
# D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b `vIqv‡Zi †¶‡Î `vqxi wK wK ¸bvejx we‡klfv‡e _vKv ìKvi:
1. fvimvg¨c~b© Áv‡bi AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e|
2. e¨w³MZ Rxe‡bi `vIqv‡Zi ev¯—e Abymvix n‡Z n‡e|
3. A‡bï Dc‡i mn‡R cÖfve we¯—v‡ii ¸bvejx AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
4. m`vjvcx, m`vPÂj I mZ:ùzZ© n‡Z n‡e|
5. cÖwZôvb I QvÎmsMVb¸wji me©‡kl Z_¨ _vK‡Z n‡e|
6. cÖÁvi AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e|
86
7. †KŠkjx n‡Z n‡e|
8. Pig âh©¨kxj n‡Z n‡e|
9. †`‡ki ivRbxwZ we‡kl K‡i msNvZgq cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi me©‡kl Z_¨ ivLvi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e|
# D”PZi wk¶vcÖwZôv‡b `vIqv‡Zi †¶Î wK wK?
cÖ_gZ :
1. QvÎ QvÎx 2. wk¶K wkw¶Kv 3. Kg©KZ©v - Kg©Pvix

4. cÖkvmb- cÖwZôvb cwiPvjbv cwil`
 wm‡bU  Aa¨¶ V.C , P.VC
 wmwÛ‡KU  QvÎ Dc‡`óv cÖ±wiqvj Uvg©
 k„•Ljv KwgwU  ‡Pqvig¨vb
 cwi‡ek cwil`  GKv‡WwgK KwgwU
 msm`  wk¶K KwgwU
5. Ab¨vb¨ msMV‡bi †bZ…e„‡›ì
wØZxqZ t
1. K¨¤úvm 3. nj
2. wWcvU©‡g›U / Abyl` 4. cvk¦eZx© GjvKv
# K¨¤úvm wfwËK ZrciZv t
 K¨¤úv‡m wkwe‡ii Kgx©‡ì wbqwgZ emvi Rb¨ GKwU RvqMv _vK‡e| GUv bv‡g Tend AwfwnZ|
 GB Tend †_‡KB wkwe‡ii K¨¤úvmwfwËK ZrciZv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Tend G GKwU mg‡q Rbkw³i Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
- hv‡ì Avmvi †¶‡Î mgm¨v Av‡Q Zviv cÖ‡qvR‡b QzwU †b‡e|
- wbqwgZ Dcw¯’wZi ch©v‡jvPbvi eë¯’v _vK‡e|
- Rbkw³ I ØvwqZ¡kxjMb e¨w³MZ Contract †m‡i wb‡Z cv‡ib|
 cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZi Av‡jv‡K cÖ‡hvRbxq wgwQj wgwUs mgv‡ek `vIqv‡Zi ewntcÖKvk _vK‡e|
- MVbg~jK †kvMvb
- cwic~b© k„•Ljv
- wk¶bxq, AvKl©bxq I me©‡kl Z_¨ Zz‡j a‡i e³e¨
- A‡b‡Ki Mvwj †`qvi cÖebZvi cwie‡Z© BwZevPK e³e¨
- mKj †¶‡ÎB cÖwZôvb I QvÎ‡ì ¯^v_© mswkó wel‡q K_v ej‡Z n‡e|
 wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi mgm¨v wb‡q Kg©m~Px _vK‡Z n‡e

- Ab¨‡ì †`‡L bq eis Avgv‡ì †`‡L †hb Ab¨‡ì Kg©m~Px wb‡Z nq| mgqgZ c`‡¶c MÖnb
- G Rb¨ me©‡kl Information _vK‡Z n‡e|
- G e¨cv‡i †h me KvR Avgiv KiwQ Zv QvÎ QvÎx‡ì AewnZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
- mvg‡_©i Av‡jv‡K Kg©m~Px MÖnb Ki‡Z n‡e|
- G Rb¨ kvLv `vwqZ¡kxj we‡kl †¶‡Î ZË¡eavqK GgbwK †K›`ªxq mfvcwZi Aby‡gv`b wb‡Z n‡e|
- mvavib QvÎ QvÎx‡ì hZ †ewk cviv hvq mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e|
 K¨¤úv‡m MÖ“c wfwËK Pjv‡div `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri Ask
 cÖkvm‡bi mv‡_ wbqwgZ †hvMv‡hvM _vK‡Z n‡e
- e¨w³MZ ch©v‡q m¤úK© ¯’vcb
- ˆbwZK cÖfve m„wó
1. wec‡ì mgq mn‡hvwMZv 5. MÖnb‡hvM¨ civgk© cÖ`vb
2. K¨¤úv‡mi AcZrciZv ev 6. wek¦¯— eÜz wn‡m‡e AvZ¡cÖKvk
we‡ivax‡ì ZrciZv †`qv 7. ¸i“Z¡c~b© `vIqvZx cÖKvkbv / DcKib wbqwgZ
3. avivevwnK †hvMv‡hvM †cŠQv‡bv|
4. e¨w³MZ Pwi‡Îi gva¨‡g
87
 ‡gavex QvÎ-QvÎx‡ì `„wó AvKl©b Kivi gZ `vIqvZx Kg©m~Px _vK‡Z n‡e|
 mevB †K mswkó Kivi gZ Kg©m~Px _vK‡Z n‡e|
 cÖwZôv‡bi wewfbœ cÖvwZôvbK †cÖvMÖv‡g `¶Zv I mZZvi ¯^v¶i †i‡L Ab¨‡ì `„wó AvKl©b Kiv|
# wWcvU©‡g›U I Abyl` wfwËK ZrciZv t
 fvj QvÎ wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ/ GwU  K¬v‡mi I Abyl‡ì mgm¨v mgvav‡bi
msMV‡bi cwiwPwZ †bZ…Z¡ †`qv
 wbqwgZ K¬v‡k AskMÖn‡bi †Póv Kiv  wk¶K Kg©KZ©v Kg©Pvix‡ì `„wó
 K¬v‡k I cix¶vq fvj Result Kiv| AvKl©b Kiv|
 wk¶K‡ì mv‡_ m¤úK© ¯’vcb
 cov †jLv w`‡q  ‡hvM¨Zv w`‡q
 AvPvi AvPib w`‡q  ‡iRvë w`‡q
 e¨w³Z¡ w`‡q  K¬v‡k `„wó AvKl©b w`‡q
 ‡bZ…Z¡ w`‡q  GjvKv ev AvZœxqZvi m¤úK© Ly‡R
# nj ev †nv‡ój wfwËK ZrciZv --
 GLv‡b hviv _v‡K Zv‡ì mevi mv‡_ Mfxi m¤úK© ¯’vcb I ˆbwZK cÖfve m„wó Kiv|
 nj †cÖvf÷, nj Kg©Pvix, WvBwbs K¨w›Ub eq mevi `„wó AvKl©b Kiv
 ‡h †Kvb e¨cv‡i †hb Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Abyfe K‡ib
 nj mgm¨vi mgvav‡b AMÖbx f~wgKv cvjb
 AvKl©bxq RvqMvq e¨bvi jvMv‡bv
 mg‡q mg‡q GKmv‡_ Pjv‡div Kiv/ WvBwbs, K¨w›Ub bvgvR
 ‡M÷ i“g wfwËK ZrciZv
 fwZ©i mg‡q me©vZœK mn‡hvMxZv I Kzievbxi gvbwmKZv wb‡q KvR Kiv|
 Ab¨vY¨ msMV‡bi †bZv Kgx©‡ì mv‡_ †mŠnv`© g~jK m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kiv|
 ‡QvU LvU mgm¨v n‡jI Zvr¶wbK mgvavb Kiv|
 cÖkvmwbK †Kvb `vwqZ¡ Avm‡j `¶Zv I mZZvi ¯^¶i ivLv
 wbqwgZ mvßvwnK `vIqvZx MÖ“c †ei Kiv
 e¨w³MZ fv‡e Uv‡M©U wfwËK KvR Kiv
 QvÎ‡ì e¨w³MZ myweav Amyweav we‡kl K‡i cix¶v, cov‡jLv BZ¨vwì †LvR Lei ‡bqv
 ‡QvU eo mevB †K m¤§vb Kiv
 mKj QvÎ‡ì m¤ú„³ Kiv hvq Ggb Kg©m~Px †bqv
# cvk¦eZx© GjvKvi `vIqvZx ZrciZv t
 GKwU D”PZi wk¶vcÖwZôv‡bi cvk¦eZx© GjvKv‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j wk¶vcÖwZôv‡b Ae¯’vb my`„p Kiv
hv‡e bv|
 G Rb¨ cvk¦eZx© GjvKvi †KŠkjMZ ¸i“Z¡c~b© GjvKv wPwýZ K‡i cwiKíbv MÖnb
 ZvwjKv ˆZwi Kiv- Zv‡ì gv‡S cwiKwíZ KvR Kiv
* wewkó e¨w³Z¡
* mvgwMÖZ fv‡e cÖfvekvjx e¨w³Z¡
* mš¿vmx I wewfbœ msMV‡bi K¨Wvi
* ivR‰bwZK e¨w³Z¡
* Gme e¨w³‡ì cwiev‡i cÖfvekjx mš—vb‡ì ZvwjKv ˆZix Kiv
 cwiKwíZ Personal m¤úK© ¯’vcb t
* beel©, C`, wewfbœRvZxq wèm‡K Kv‡R ivMv‡bv| Dcnvi †`qv
* AmyL I wec‡` Help Kiv
* nvjKv †cÖvMÖvg, we‡kl K‡i Pv Pµ, e¨w³MZ `vIqvZ, LvIqv `vIqvi †cÖvMÖv‡g
nvwRi Kiv|
 Ab¨vb¨ QvÎ-msMV‡bi †bZvKgx©‡ì Dc‡i `vIqvZ :
 Kg©KZ©v Kg©Pvix‡ì Dci `vIqvZ --
 ‡h me wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b Avgv‡ì ZrciZv Open bq †mLv‡b f~wgKv :
88
1. Open nevi Rb¨ GKwU Long time cixKíbv MÖnb Kiv| †m cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K cwiKíbv MÖnb|
2. cwiKíbv ev¯—evq‡b GKwU ev‡RU ˆZwi Kiv|
3. cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZ‡K h_vh_ we‡klb K‡i Kg©m~Px MÖnb| KZUzKz ZrciZv Pvjv‡bv hv‡e bv hv‡ebv|
4. kw³kvjx Bbdi‡gkb †mj MVb Ki‡Z n‡e †hb Ab¨‡ì ZrciZv wbqwgZ Rvbv hvq|
5. cÖvwZôvwbK Kg©m~wP‡Z ga¨gwbi fywgKv cvjb
6. Ab¨‡ì Dci e¨w³MZ ˆbwZK cÖfve m„wó
- mš¿vmx, cÖfvekvjx, QvÎ wk¶K
7. cÖwZôvb cÖavb †hb e¨w³i gyLv‡cw¶ nq †m eë¯’v Kiv
8. wewfbœ bv‡g wewfbœ BwZevPK Kg©m~Px MÖnb
9. Ae¯’v †f‡` mvavib QvÎ‡ì e¨vbvi‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv
10. Rb kw³i e¨w³MZ cov‡jLvi ZË¡veavb
11. mKj †m±‡i Avgv‡ì Ae¯’vb wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|
# cÖwZôvb wfwËK ZrciZvq †h me wel‡q we‡klfv‡e bRi w`‡Z n‡e t

1. m`v me©`v mRvM _vK‡Z n‡e
2. Rbkw³i ˆbwZK Motivation Gi ev¨cv‡i hZœevb n‡Z n‡e|
3. me msMVb I cÖkvm‡bi Information Gi eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e
4. cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZi h_vh_ g~j¨vq‡bi eë¯’v _vK‡Z n‡e
5. Rbkw³i g‡a¨ Uxg ¯cÖxU ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e|
6. mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv K‡Vvifv‡e Maintain Ki‡Z n‡e
7. mKj Kg©m~Pxi g~j j¶¨ AvjvnÍ mš‘wó AR©b n‡Z n‡e| ‡m Motivation Ae¨nZ ivL‡Z n‡e|
8. mg‡qi KvR mg‡q Ki‡Z n‡e|
9. mKj KvR †hb ¸Qv‡bv, AvKl©bxq I my›ì nq †mw`‡K bRi w`‡Z n‡e|
39. BDwbU `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨

 BDwbU t
1| msMV‡bi Z…Yg~j chv©‡q GKRb mfvcwZmn K‡qKRb Kgx©i Aew¯’wZ‡K ejv nq BDwbU|
2| BDwb‡Ui bvg Zvrch©en|
†Kvb e¨w³i bv‡g BDwb‡Ui bvg ivLv nq bv, bvg ivLv nq †Kvb GjvKvi bv‡g| Gi A_© n‡”Q D³ GjvKv Kl©‡Yi
Rb¨B GB BDwbU MwVZ n‡q‡Q|
3| BDwb‡Ui Kg©- GjvKvi cwiwa|
bvgKi‡Yi gva¨‡gB Kg©-GjvKvi cwiwa wba©vwiZ n‡q _v‡K|
4| BDwbU n‡”Q Kg©-GjvKvq msMV‡bi mvsMVwbK mvDÛ e·| A_©vr GwU Da©Zb msMV‡bi e³e¨ Z…Y-g~j ch©v‡qi
†cvuQv‡bvi gva¨g|
5| BDwbU n‡”Q Kg©- GjvKvi RbM‡bi mv‡_ Da©Zb msMV‡bi ms‡hvM ¯’vc‡bi gva¨g|
6| BDwbU n‡”Q Kgx© wiµzU‡g‡›Ui Avmj gq`vb|
7| BDwbU n‡”Q Z„Y-g~j chv©‡q msMV‡bi cÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj ms¯’v| msMVb wK Pvq, †Kb PvqI wKfv‡e Pvq BDwb‡Ui
Kvh©µgB Zv RbM‡Yi wbKU ¯úófv‡e Zz‡j a‡i|
8| BDwbU mfvcwZ I mswkó Kgx©‡ì‡K cÖZ¨¶ K‡iB Kg©- GjvKvi †jv‡Kiv †MvUv msMVb m¤ú‡K© aviYv wbav©iY
K‡i|
MwZkxj BDwbU
cÖavbZ PviwU êwkó _vK‡j GKwU BDwbU‡K MwZkxj BDwbU ejv hvq|
h_vt
89
1| Kg©- GjvKvq msMV‡bi cÖfve ejq e„w× †c‡Z _vKv| 2| mvsMVwbK Kvh©µg mwVK gv‡b Pj‡Z _vKv|
A_©vr Kg© GjvKvq ïfvKvsLx, mvwnZ¨ cvVK, 3| Kgx© msL¨v e„w× †c‡Z _vKv|
cwÎKvi MÖvnK I A_©`vZvi msL¨v evo‡Z _vKv| 4| evBZzj gv‡ji Avq evo‡Z _vKv|
¯’wei BDwbU
cÖavbZ PviwU Kvi‡Y GKwU BDwbU‡K ¯’wei BDwbU ejv hvq|
h_vt
1| Kg©- GjvKvq msMV‡bi cÖfve ejq e„w× bv cvIqv| 2| mvsMVwbK Kvh©µg mwVK gv‡b Pj‡Z bv _vKv|
A_©vr ïfvKvsLx, mvwnZ¨ cvVK, cwÎKvi MÖvnK 3| Kgx© msL¨v e„w× bv cvIqv|
I A_©`vZvi msL¨v e„w× bv cvIqv| 4| evBZzj gv‡ji Avq evo‡Z bv _vKv|
Av`k© BDwbU
AvUwU êwkó _vK‡j GKwU BDwbU‡K Av`k© BDwbU ejv hvq|
h_vt
1| BDwb‡Ui mKj Kgx© mwµq| 6| evqZzj gvb mg„×|
A_©vr mK‡jB ¯^-PvwjZ I ¯^tù~Z©fv‡e Zrci| 7| wUg-w¯úwiU we`¨gvb|
2| BDwb‡Ui mfvcwZ I BDwb‡Ui AšÍfy©³ Kgx©iv Kg©- wUg w¯úwiU A_© n‡”Q Ôwb‡Ri e¨w³MZ K…wZZ¡
GjvKvq mycwiwPZ| djv‡bvi †Póv bv K‡i `‡ji mgwóMZ mvd‡j¨ Rb¨
3| BDwb‡Ui mfvcwZ I Kgx©‡ì Ávb, Avgb I Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k KvR Kivi g‡bve„wË|Õ
AvPviYMZ gvb DbœZ| 8| wiµzU‡g›U m‡šÍvlRbK|
4| mvsMVwbK Kvh©µ‡gi gvb DbœZ| A_©vr bZzb Kgx© ˆZwi n‡”Q| Kgx© msL¨v
5| `vIqvZx, mvsMVwbK, ZviweqvZx I ivR‰bwZK DË‡ivËi †e‡oB Pj‡Q|
Kvhv©ejx fvimvg¨c~Y©|
BDwbU mfvcwZ
GKwU Av`k© BBwb‡Ui mfvcwZ †hgbwU nIqv PvB-
1| wZwb n‡eb Kgx©‡ì kª×vi cvÎ| 8| wZwb n‡eb mgqvbyeZx©|
2| wZwb n‡eb fv‡jv eënv‡ii weg~Z© iƒc| 9| wZwb Kgx©‡ì mgv‡jvPbvgyLi n‡eb bv|
(Zuvi K_v I AvPi‡Y †KD AvnZ n‡eb bv|) 10| wZwb Kgx©‡ì cÖkœ I mgv‡jvPbvq wee„Z n‡eb bv|
3| Zvui K_v I Kv‡R êcixZ¨ _vK‡e bv| 11| Zvui cÖwZwU c`‡¶c n‡e mywbw`©ó j¶¨vwfmvix|
4| wZwb n‡eb Ávb-Mf© Av‡jvPK| 12| wZwb mvsMVwbK Kvh©µ‡gi DbœZ gvb wbwðZ
5| Zviu K_vevZ©v n‡e cwikxjZ| Ki‡eb|
(wZwb Akxj K_v, A‡kvfb K_v, †edvum 13| wZwb Da©Zb msMV‡bi wb‡`©k Zvui Kg© GjvKvi
K_v, evûj¨ K_v I D¯‹vwbg~jK K_v ej‡eb bv|) h_vh_fv‡e Kvh©Ki Ki‡eb|
6| wZwb n‡eb civgk©`vZv I civgk© MÖwnZv| 14| wZwb Da©Zb msMV‡b mwVK mg‡q BDwb‡Ui Kv‡Ri
7| wZwb n‡eb LvuwU AvgvbZ`vi | wi‡cvU© I evBZzj gv‡ji wbmve †cvuQv‡eb|
 `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ t
1. cwiKíbv MÖnY I ev¯—evqb
 Kg©x êV‡K cwiKíbv MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e (evwl©K/gvwmK)  ZË¡veavb t ïay êV‡K ZË¡veavb bq| e¨w³MZ
 evwl©K cwiKíbv/Iqv‡W©i cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K gvwmK †hvMv‡hvM I †LuvR Le‡ii gva¨‡g gq`v‡b
cwiKíbv MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| ZË¡veavb †ewk cÖ‡qvRb|
 Kg©e›Ub t cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K KvR fvM K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|  wiwfD|
 wi‡cvwU©s I ch©v‡jvPbv|
2. ‰eVKvw` wbqwgZ Kiv|
 Kg©x êVK - cÖ_g êVK
 `vi‡m †KviAvb/nv`xm|  weMZ gv‡mi Kv‡Ri ch©v‡jvPbv|
 e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© †ck I ch©v‡jvPbv|  PjwZ gv‡mi cwiKíbv ˆZwi|
 e¨w³MZ Uv‡M©U ch©v‡jvPbv|  ZviweqvZx êV‡Ki †cÖvMÖvg ˆZix|
90
 `vIqvZx MÖ“c †ei nIqvi cwiKíbv MÖnY|  eë gynvmvevi ¯’v Kiv|
 mvaviY mfvi ZvwiL, ¯’vb I mgq wba©viY|  †klK_v I †gvbvRvZ|
 D×©Zb `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì Dcw¯’wZ‡Z gv‡S g‡
 MÖ“cwfwËK `vIqvZx KvR- wØZxq mßv‡n|
 `vIqvZx KvR djcÖmy Kivi Rb¨ mKj Rbkw³‡K Ges Uv‡M©UK…Z mn‡hvMx‡ì Kv‡R jvMv‡bv|
 msw¶ß `vi‡mi †cÖvMÖvg K‡i wbw`©ó GjvKv I e¨w³‡ì wbKU `vIqvZ|
 A_ev MÖ“c wfwËK `vIqvZx KvR K‡i GjvKvi †jvK‡ì‡K GKwÎZ K‡i `vIqvZx êVK I Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
 cÖ‡qvRbxq eBcy¯—K I Ab¨vb¨ `vIqvZx DcKiY mv‡_ ivLv|
 cÖ‡qvRbxq mgq wb‡q KvR Kiv|
 ZvwjKv K‡i bZzb †jvK‡ì Kv‡Q hvIqv|
 cwiKíbv gvwdK avivevwnK KvR Kiv|
 †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e t
 cÖwZwU êVK 11/2- 2 N›Uv g‡a¨ †kl Ki‡Z n‡e|
 †h gv‡m 5 mßvn n‡e †m gv‡m AwZwi³ ZviweqvZx êVK n‡e|
 `vim †`qvi †jvK bv †c‡j Zvdwngyj †KviAvb †_‡K c‡o †kvbv‡Z n‡e|
 ZviweqvZx êVK- Z…Zxq mßv‡n t
 A_©mn †KviAvb †ZjvIqvZ|  mvgwóK cvV|
 mnxn K‡i †KviAvb kixd co‡Z †kLv|  ‡klK_v I ‡gvbvRvZ|
 Ri“ix †`vqv/gvmjv-gvmv‡qj †kLv|
 gvwmK mvaviY mfv I MÖ“c `vIqvZx KvR- PZz_© mßv‡n
 `vi‡m †KviAvb/nv`xm|  mn‡hvMx m`m¨ KiY|
 wbw`©ó wel‡qi Dci e³…Zv|  mfvcwZi fvlY I ‡gvbvRvZ|
 mvaviY cÖ‡kœvËi (hw` †gngvb _v‡Kb)|
3. mKj †cÖvMÖv‡gi cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡q Avmv Ges bZzb wKQy †`qvi †Póv Kiv
4. wb‡R‡ì gvb Dbœqb
- `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì gvb Dbœqb bv n‡j Aa¯—b Rbkw³‡ì gvb Dbœqb n‡e bv|
- `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì gvb Dbœq‡bi gva¨‡g Avjvni mš‘wó AR©b I Av‡›`vjb‡K j¶¨ AR©‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q ‡bqv m¤¢e|
- GRb¨ †gŠwjK KiYxq w`K¸‡jv t
 Ávb I †hvM¨Zv e„w×  Kgc‡¶ 5wU `vi‡m KziAvb I 3wU `vi‡m
 wb‡R‡ì Avgj‡K DbœZ I AbyKiYxq Ki‡Z nv`xm cÖ¯‘Z Kiv
n‡e  gvmjv-gvmv‡qj I A_©mn ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †`vqv
 h_vh_ AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z n‡e gyL¯— Kiv
 Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ h_vh_fv‡e cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e  msMV‡bi me© ch©v‡qi Bbdi‡gkb Rvbv
 wm‡jevm wfwËK Aa¨qb  wb‡R‡ì cÖ‡kœi D‡a© ivLvi †Póv Kiv|
 KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ ï× Kiv
 welq wfwËK AvqvZ-nv`xm gyL¯— Kiv
5. ch©vqµwgKfv‡e Rbkw³i gvb Dbœqb I gvb msi¶Y|
 cÖ‡Z¨K Kg©x‡K `vIqvZx Uv‡M©U I Kg©x Uv‡M©U wba©viY K‡i †`qv|
 Rbkw³i e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© †`Lv I civgk© †`qv|
 wbqwgZ Kg©x êVK I K›Uv‡±i mgq e¨w³MZ Uv‡M©U Z`viwK Kiv|
 Uv‡M©UK…Z‡ì mv‡_ cÖwZ gv‡mi 15 Zvwi‡Li g‡a¨ Aš—Zt 1 evi K›Uv± Kiv|
 `vIqvZx Uv‡M©UK…Z e¨w³‡ì `vIqvZx †cÖvMÖv‡g Dcw¯’Z Kiv‡bv|
 IqvW© I _vbvi wewfbœ †cÖvMÖv‡g Zv‡ì Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Kiv|
- we‡kl K‡i cvVPµ, TS,TC ‡Z (cÖwk¶Y ‡cÖvMÖvgvw`‡Z)|
 ax‡i ax‡i Kg©x ch©v‡q wb‡q Avmvi †Póv Pvjv‡bv|
- wi‡cvU© †`qv, eB †`qv, GqvbZ †bqv, gb gvbwmKZv ey‡S KvR †`qv, mvnPvh© †`qv, gb gvbwmKZv‡K
Av‡›`vj‡bi AbyKz‡j M‡o †Zvjv
 BDwbU mfvcwZ i“Kb n‡j i“Kb Uv‡M©U †bqv I Z`viwK Kiv|
91
 Rbkw³‡K Avw_©K Kzievbx I mgq `v‡b DØy× Kiv|
 Rbkw³‡K cÖfve ej‡qi g‡a¨ ivLv|
 Î“wU wPwýZKiY I `yixKiY|
 Kgx© êV‡K Abycw¯’Z Kg©x‡ì mv‡_ Zvr¶wYK †hvMv‡hv‡Mi eë¯’v Kiv|
6. h_vh_fv‡e evqZzjgvj Av`vq I Iqv‡W© †cŠQv‡bvi eë¯’v MÖnY|
 wb‡Ri BqvbZ cÖ_‡g †`qv|  wbqwgZ evqZzj gvj Av`vq wbwðZ Kiv|
 wb‡R 5% †`qv I Rbkw³‡K 5% w`‡Z DØy× Kiv|  evqZzjgvj h_vmg‡q Av`vq|
 gvwmK †KvUv c~i‡Y me©vZ¥K †Póv Pvjv‡bv|  bZzb bZzb GqvbZ `vZv I m~ax e„w×|
 wba©vwiZ mg‡q Iqv‡W© cvVv‡bvi eë¯’v Kiv|  wnmve msi¶Y|
7. e¨vcK wfwËK `vIqvZ m¤cÖmvi‡Yi Kvh©Ki D‡`¨vM|

 MÖ“c `vIqvZx KvR|  åvg¨gvb `vÕqx wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K Dc¯’vcb|
 mßv‡n GKw`b e¨w³MZ `vIqvZ wbwðZ Kiv|  me mgq wb‡Ri Kv‡Q `vIqvZx DcKiY ivLv|
 we‡kl we‡kl e¨w³‡ì ZvwjKv ˆZwi I `vIqvZ †cŠQv‡bv|
 e¨vcK wfwËK eB weZiY I wewµi eë¯’v|
8. bZzb `vIqvZx BDwbU ˆZwi Kiv| `vIqvZx BDwbU‡K BDwb‡U cwiYZ Kiv|
 BDwbU `yÕai‡Yi Ñ `vIqvZx BDwbU, BDwbU|
BDwb‡Ui MVb c×wZ t `vIqvZx BDwbU -
 ‡h GjvKvq KvR †bB Zv wPwýZ Kiv|  A_ev †Kvb GjvKvq cvk¦©eZ©x BDwb‡Ui †Kvb
 H GjvKvi GKRb‡K Kg©x Uv‡M©U wb‡q Kg©x Kg©x‡K w`‡q `vIqvZx BDwbU ˆZix Kiv|
evbv‡bv|  `vIqvZx BDwb‡Ui wi‡cvU© IqvW© êV‡K
 Zvui gva¨‡g Av‡iv wKQz e¨w³‡K eB-cy¯—K wbqwgZ †ck Kiv|
cov‡bv Ges Av‡iv wKQy evQvK…Z e¨w³‡K  cÖwZ gv‡m Kgc‡¶ GKwU ‡cÖvMÖvg n‡Z n‡e|
wi‡cvU© †`qv| ax‡i ax‡i †cÖvMÖv‡gi msL¨v evov‡Z n‡e|
 hv‡ì wi‡cvU© †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv‡ì wb‡q êVK  cÖ_g I wØZxq gv‡m 1wU, Z…Zxq I PZz_©
Kiv Ges nvjKv Drmvn e¨ÄK ch©v‡jvPbv gv‡m 2wU (hv‡ì‡K wi‡cvU© †`qv n‡q‡Q
Kiv| ax‡i ax‡i Zv‡ì KvQ †_‡K evqZzjgvj Zv‡ì‡K wb‡q †cÖvMÖvg), cÂg gv‡m 3wU, 6ô
Av`vq Kiv| gv‡m 4wU †cÖvMÖvg (BwZg‡a¨B hv‡ì‡K
 G‡ì ga¨ †_‡K †hvM¨ e¨w³‡K mfvcwZ K‡i wi‡cvU© †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K
GKwU cÖv_wgK ev `vIqvZx BDwbU MVb| K‡qKRb‡K Kgx© ˆZix Kiv)|
BDwbU t BDwb‡Ui Rb¨ wbgœwjwLZ kZ©¸‡jv c~iY Ki‡Z n‡et
 Kgc‡¶ wZb Rb Kg©x _vKv| XvKv gnvbMixi  GKRb mwµq mfvcwZ KZ©„K KvR cwiPvjbv Kiv|
Rb¨ cuvPRb Kg©x cÖ‡qvRb|  gvwmK wi‡cvU© I †bmve h_vixwZ Av`vq Kiv|
 wbqwgZ êVKvw` nIqv|  †NvlYv †`qvi mgq IqvW© mfvcwZi AbygwZ MÖnY
 gv‡m Kgc‡¶ GK evi `vIqvZx MÖ“c †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|
Kiv|
- G me kZ© c~iY n‡j †m BDwbU‡K BDwbU ejv nq|
9. D×©Zb msMV‡bi Kg©m~Px ev¯—evq‡b mn‡hvwMZv Kiv|
 IqvW© wfwËZ Kg©x m‡¤§j‡b Rbkw³i Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Kiv|
 IqvW© wfwËK `vIqvZx mfvq Rbkw³i Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Kiv|
 MY k‡eŸ`vix/MY wk¶v êV‡K AskMÖnY wbwðZ Kiv|
 IqvW©, _vbv, gnvbMix A_ev †K‡›`ªi Ab¨vb¨ ‡cÖvMÖvgvw`‡Z AskMÖn‡Yi eë¯’v Kiv|
10. `vIqvZx eB‡qi eë¯’vmn GKwU kw³kvjx cvVvMvi|
 Rbkw³‡K e¨w³MZ jvB‡eªwi MV‡b DØy×  †mvbvi evsjv cwÎKv ivLv I MÖvnK e„w×
Kiv| Kiv|
 h_vh_fv‡e eB‡qi wnmve msi¶Y|  msMÖvg, Kjg I c„w_exi MÖvnK e„w× Kiv|
 eB weZiY, msMÖn I msi¶Y|  `vIqvZx †mU memgq cÖ¯‘Z ivLv|
 eB e„w×i D‡`¨vM MÖnY|
11. ‡cÖvMÖvgvw`‡Z mKj Rbkw³i Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Kivi †Póv Kiv|
92
 wba©vwiZ mgq nv‡Z †i‡L c~‡e©B †cÖvMÖv‡gi `vIqvZ †cŠuQv‡bv|
 Rbkw³‡K mswkó †cÖvMÖv‡gi ¸i“Z¡ eySv‡bv|
 ‡cÖvMÖv‡g Abycw¯’Z Rbkw³i †LuvR-Lei †bqv|
12. Rbkw³‡K h_vh_fv‡e cwiPvjbv I Zv‡ì cÖwZfv weKv‡k mn‡hvwMZv Kiv|
 cÖwZfvi Av‡jv‡K mevB‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv|  Rbkw³‡K D‡Ï‡kï w`‡K cÖfvweZ Kiv|
 Av`‡k©i mwVK Ávb AR©‡bi †Póvq  Rbkw³‡ì g‡a¨ AvKv•Lv ˆZwi Kiv|
mn‡hvwMZv Kiv|
13. Rbkw³i g‡a¨ wUg w¯cÖU ˆZwi I Øxwb AbyfywZ ‰Zwi|
 cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© gReyZ Kiv|  Kg©x‡ì ¯^Zù‚Z© K‡i M‡o ‡Zvjv|
 wbqwgZ †gvnvmvev Kiv|  Rbkw³‡K D‡Ï‡kï w`‡K cÖfvweZ Kiv|
 h_vh_ Motivation Pvjv‡bv|
14. Avf¨š—ixY mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv wbwðZ Kiv|
 Avf¨š—ixb cwi‡ek n‡e RvbœvZx cwi‡ek|
 AvbyMZ¨, civgk© I Gn‡Zmv‡ei eÜ‡b Ave× Kiv|

15. my›ì Awdm eë¯’vcbv|
 wewfbœ Documents msMÖn I msi¶Y|  wPwV-cÎ, ¯§vi‡Ki dvBj|
 Rbkw³i †iwRóvi|  wewkó e¨w³‡ì ZvwjKv|
 mn‡hvMx, m~ax‡ì †iwRóvi|  cwiKíbv dvBj|
 evqZzjgvj Avq-e¨‡qi LvZv|  wi‡cvU© msi¶Y dvBj|
16. gvwmK wi‡cvU© ˆZwi, ch©v‡jvPbv I Iqv‡W© †cŠQv‡bv|
 gvm †kl nevi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv †cŠ‡Q w`‡Z n‡e|
 wi‡cvU© ‡hb c~Y©v½ I cwi”Qbœ nq|
 Rbkw³i bZzb e„w× NvUwZi bvg wj‡L ivL‡Z n‡e|
 G mKj KvR my›ìfv‡e m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ KiYxqt
1. Av‡`k I AvbyM‡Zï fvimvg¨| 6. ‰a‡h©i mv‡_ wbiwew”Qbœfv‡e KvR Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e|
2. fvimvg¨c~Y© Rxe‡b Af¨¯— n‡Z n‡e| 7. Avjvni mvnvh¨ Kvgbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. mgq‡K cwiKwíZfv‡e Kv‡R jvMv‡Z n‡e| 8. Revew`wni gvbwmKZv wb‡q KvR Kiv|
4. mKj Kv‡R Avš—wiKZv _vK‡Z n‡e| 9. wbqwgZ Aa¨qb Kiv|
5. gvbwmK `„pZv I cwikªgwcÖqZv m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e|
40. IqvW© msMVb cwiPvjbv t mgm¨v I KiYxq
 IqvW© t MVbZvwš¿Kfv‡e BDwbqb/†cŠimfv me©‡kl ¯—i n‡jI cÖkvmwbKfv‡e BDwbqb mg~n‡K 9wU IqvW© wef³ Kiv
n‡q‡Q| XvKv gnvbMix‡Z 90wU IqvW© i‡q‡Q| wewfbœ gnvbMix‡Z Iqv‡W©i msL¨v wewfbœ|
 msMwVZ IqvW© t †cŠimfv ev BDwbq‡bi Iqv‡W© GKRb mµxq mfvcwZ I GKwU BDwbU _vK‡j Zv‡K msMwVZ IqvW©
e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡e| wKš‘ gnvbMix¸‡jvi Iqv‡W©i †¶‡Î GKRb mµxq mfvcwZ I `ywU cyi“l BDwbU Ges GKwU
gwnjv BDwbU _vK‡j Zv‡K msMwVZ e‡j MY¨ Kiv n‡e|
o Bmjvg‡K weRqx Av`k© wn‡m‡e cÖwZôvi Rb¨ msMwVZ kw³i cÖ‡qvRb|
o RvgvqvZ GKwU kw³, Kvib RvgvqvZ GKwU mymsMwVZ `j|
o ïay mvaviY gvbyl bq; hviv mgv‡Ri PvwjKv kw³ H mg¯— e¨w³‡ì GKwU Ask‡K Av‡›`vj‡b m¤c„³ Ki‡Z bv
cvi‡j wece m¤¢e bq|
o gvIjvbv gI`~`x G‡ì‡K †Uª‡bi WªvBfv‡ii mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb|
o BDwb‡Ui gva¨‡gB RbMY msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ nq|
93
o IqvW© msMV‡bi Aax‡b †QvU †QvU GjvKv‡K †K›`ª K‡i wZb ev Zvi AwaK Kg©x wb‡q BDwbU MwVZ nq|
o `ye©j BDwb‡Ui mgš^‡q `ye©j IqvW©|
o kw³kvjx BDwb‡Ui mgš^‡q kw³kvjx IqvW©|
o Iqv‡W©i ZË¡veav‡b BDwbU †_‡KB AvMvgx w`‡bi †bZ…Z¡ ˆZwi nq|
o ‡jvK msMÖn Ges Kg©x m„wói Rb¨ BDwbUB n‡”Q Rvgvqv‡Zi g~j mvsMVwbK †K›`ª|
o Kv‡Ri m¤cÖmvib, Kg©x MVb, mvsMVwbK kw³ e„w× bZzb bZzb BDwbU MV‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i|
o BDwbU¸‡jv‡K msMwVZ I kw³kvjx Kiv Ges h_vh_fv‡e cwiPvjbv KivB n‡”Q Iqv‡W©i Ab¨Zg KvR|
 IqvW© cwiPvjbvq KiYxq t
5. cwiKíbv MÖnY I ev¯—evqb t
 IqvW© Uxg êV‡K cwiKíbv MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e (evwl©K/gvwmK)
 evwl©K cwiKíbv I Iqv‡W©i cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K gvwmK cwiKíbv MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
 Kg©e›Ub t cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K KvR fvM K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|
 ZË¡veavb t ïay êV‡K ZË¡veavb bq| e¨w³MZ †hvMv‡hvM I †LuvR Le‡ii gva¨‡g gq`v‡b ZË¡veavb †ewk
cÖ‡qvRb|
 wiwfD| gv‡mi gvSvgvwSi c~‡e©B cwiKíbvi ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv| evKx KvR¸‡jv Z…Zxq mßv‡ni g‡a¨B †kl Kiv|
 wi‡cvwU©s I ch©v‡jvPbv t h_vmg‡q _vbvq wi‡cvU© †cŠQv‡bv| Zvi c~‡e© IqvW© `vwqZ¡kxj êV‡K wi‡cvU© ch©v‡jvPbv
Kiv ìKvi|
6. Iqv‡W©i êVKvw` wbqwgZ Kiv t
 Kgx© m‡¤§jb|  Iqv‡W©i D‡`¨v‡M wba©vwiZ wUGm
 MYke‡e`vix/MY wUGm/`vIqvZx mfv  Iqv‡W©i D‡`¨v‡M wb`©vwiZ `vIqvZx Awfhvb|
avivevwnKfv‡e wZb †cÖvMv‡gi GK †cÖvMÖvg  `vIqvZx Awfhvb Kvh©Ki Kiv|
wbqwgZ Kiv|  GQvovI †h mg¯— †cÖvMÖvgvw` mg‡q mg‡q
 IqvW© Uxg †eVK wbqwgZ Kiv Ki‡Z nq|
 BDwbU `vwqZ¡kxj êVK wbqwgZ Kiv|
7. BDwbU mg~‡ni h_vh_ ZË¡veavb t
 BDwbU¸‡jv h_vh_fv‡e cwiPvwjZ n‡”Q wKbv Zv †`Lv|
 BDwb‡U 4wU †cÖvMÖvg wbwðZ Kivi Kvh©Kix D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv|
 BDwb‡Ui 4 †cÖvMÖvg wZb mßv‡ni g‡a¨B †kl Kiv|
 BDwb‡Ui †cÖvMÖvg¸‡jv gvbm¤§Z n‡”Q wKbv Zv ch©‡e¶Y Kiv|
 Kg©x êVK - cÖ_g êVK
 `vi‡m †KviAvb/nv`xm|  `vIqvZx MÖ“c †ei nIqvi cwiKíbv
 e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© †ck I ch©v‡jvPbv| MÖnY|
 e¨w³MZ Uv‡M©U ch©v‡jvPbv|  mvaviY mfvi ZvwiL, ¯’vb I mgq
 weMZ gv‡mi Kv‡Ri ch©v‡jvPbv| wba©viY|
 PjwZ gv‡mi cwiKíbv ˆZwi|  D×©Zb `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì Dcw¯’wZ‡Z gv‡S
 ZviweqvZx êV‡Ki †cÖvMÖvg ˆZix| g‡a¨ gynvmvevi eë¯’v Kiv|
 †klK_v I †gvbvRvZ|
 MÖ“cwfwËK `vIqvZx KvR- wØZxq mßv‡n|
 `vIqvZx KvR djcÖmy Kivi Rb¨ mKj Rbkw³‡K Ges Uv‡M©UK…Z mn‡hvMx‡ì Kv‡R jvMv‡bv|
 msw¶ß `vi‡mi †cÖvMÖvg K‡i wbw`©ó GjvKv I e¨w³‡ì wbKU `vIqvZ|
 A_ev MÖ“c wfwËK `vIqvZx KvR K‡i GjvKvi †jvK‡ì‡K GKwÎZ K‡i `vIqvZx êVK I Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
 cÖ‡qvRbxq eBcy¯—K I Ab¨vb¨ `vIqvZx DcKiY mv‡_ ivLv|
 cÖ‡qvRbxq mgq wb‡q KvR Kiv|
 ZvwjKv K‡i bZzb †jvK‡ì Kv‡Q hvIqv|
 cwiKíbv gvwdK avivevwnK KvR Kiv|
 †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e t
 cÖwZwU êVK 11/2- 2 N›Uv g‡a¨ †kl Ki‡Z n‡e|
 †h gv‡m 5 mßvn n‡e †m gv‡m AwZwi³ ZviweqvZx êVK n‡e|
94
 `vim †`qvi †jvK bv †c‡j Zvdwngyj †KviAvb †_‡K c‡o †kvbv‡Z n‡e|
 ZviweqvZx êVK- Z…Zxq mßv‡n t
 A_©mn †KviAvb †ZjvIqvZ|  mvgwóK cvV|
 mnxn K‡i †KviAvb kixd co‡Z †kLv|  ‡klK_v I ‡gvbvRvZ|
 Ri“ix †`vqv/gvmjv-gvmv‡qj †kLv|
 gvwmK mvaviY mfv I MÖ“c `vIqvZx KvR- PZz_© mßv‡n
 `vi‡m †KviAvb/nv`xm|  mn‡hvMx m`m¨ KiY|
 wbw`©ó wel‡qi Dci e³…Zv|  mfvcwZi fvlY I ‡gvbvRvZ|
 mvaviY cÖ‡kœvËi (hw` †gngvb _v‡Kb)|
 ‡hme mfvcwZ `ye©j Zvi we‡kl ZË¡veavb
 cÖ_g 3 mßv‡n BDwb‡Ui 4wU ‡cÖvMÖvg K‡i †djv|
 ‡Kvb †cÖvMÖvg bv n‡j c‡ii mßv‡n bq c‡ii w`b Zv Kwi‡q †bqv|
 BDwbU¸‡jv‡K me mgq mµxq ivLvi eë¯’v Kiv|
 BDwbU mfvcwZ‡ì mv‡_ cvi‡mvbvj K›Uv± wbqwgZ Kiv|
 cÖ‡qvR‡b `vwqZ¡kxj †PÄ Kiv|
 Abycw¯’Z Rbkw³i ch©v‡jvPbv
 Uxg‡K mµxq ivLv, mdi †`qv, mdi ZË¡veavb, mdi‡K djcÖmy Kiv‡bv|
 Kgx© êVK¸‡jv‡Z mfvcwZ/†m‡µUvix A_ev †h‡Kvb Uxg m`m¨ Dcw¯’Z _vKv|
8. mKj †cÖvMÖv‡gi cÖ¯‘wZ wb‡q Avmv Ges bZzb wKQy †`qvi †Póv Kiv
 IqvW© I BDwb‡Ui †cÖvMÖvg¸wj‡K AvKl©Yxq Kiv|
9. wb‡R‡ì gvb Dbœqb I msi¶Y t
- `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì gvb Dbœqb bv n‡j Aa¯—b Rbkw³‡ì gvb Dbœqb n‡e bv|
- `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì gvb Dbœq‡bi gva¨‡g Avjvni mš‘wó AR©b I Av‡›`vjb‡K j¶¨ AR©‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q ‡bqv m¤¢e|
- GRb¨ †gŠwjK KiYxq w`K¸‡jv t
 Ávb I †hvM¨Zv e„w×|  Kgc‡¶ 5wU `vi‡m KziAvb I 3wU `vi‡m
 wb‡R‡ì Avgj‡K DbœZ I AbyKiYxq Ki‡Z nv`xm cÖ¯‘Z Kiv
n‡e  gvmjv-gvmv‡qj I A_©mn ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †`vqv
 h_vh_ AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z n‡e gyL¯— Kiv
 Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ h_vh_fv‡e cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e  msMV‡bi me© ch©v‡qi Bbdi‡gkb Rvbv
 wm‡jevm wfwËK Aa¨qb  wb‡R‡ì cÖ‡kœi D‡a© ivLvi †Póv Kiv|
 KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ ï× Kiv  KziAvb nvw`m h_vh_fv‡e Aa¨vqb|
 welq wfwËK AvqvZ-nv`xm gyL¯— Kiv  Avjvni mv‡_ m¤úK© Mfxi Kivi Rb¨
e¨w³MZ Bev`Z †ekx †ekx Kiv|
17. ch©vqµwgKfv‡e Rbkw³i gvb Dbœqb I gvb msi¶Y|
 mKj BDwbU mfvcwZ/†m‡µUvix‡K gvb Dbœq‡bi cwiKíbvi AvIZvq wb‡q Avmv|
 Kgx© ˆZixi D‡Ï‡k¨ mn‡hvMx‡ì ZvwjKv ˆZix K‡i BDwb‡U †`qv|
 Kgx© ˆZixi D‡Ï‡k¨ cÖ‡Z¨K Kg©x‡K `vIqvZx Uv‡M©U I Kg©x Uv‡M©U wba©viY K‡i †`qv|
 Rbkw³i e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© †`Lv I civgk© †`qv|
 BDwb‡Ui Kg©x êVK I K›Uv‡±i mgq e¨w³MZ Uv‡M©U Z`viwK Kiv|
 Uv‡M©UK…Z‡ì mv‡_ cÖwZ gv‡mi 15 Zvwi‡Li g‡a¨ Aš—Zt 1 evi K›Uv± Kiv|
 `vIqvZx Uv‡M©UK…Z e¨w³‡ì `vIqvZx †cÖvMÖv‡g Dcw¯’Z Kiv‡bv|
 IqvW© I _vbvi wewfbœ †cÖvMÖv‡g Zv‡ì Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Kiv|
- we‡kl K‡i cvVPµ, TS,TC ‡Z (cÖwk¶Y ‡cÖvMÖvgvw`‡Z)|
 ax‡i ax‡i Kg©x ch©v‡q wb‡q Avmvi †Póv Pvjv‡bv|
- wi‡cvU© †`qv, eB †`qv, GqvbZ †bqv, gb gvbwmKZv ey‡S KvR †`qv, mvnPvh© †`qv, gb gvbwmKZv‡K
Av‡›`vj‡bi AbyKz‡j M‡o †Zvjv
 BDwbU mfvcwZ i“Kb bv n‡j i“Kb evbv‡bvi Uv‡M©U †bqv|
 Rbkw³‡K Avw_©K Kzievbx I mgq `v‡b DØy× Kiv|
 Rbkw³‡K cÖfve ej‡qi g‡a¨ ivLv|
95
 Î“wU wPwýZKiY I `yixKiY|
18. h_vh_fv‡e evqZzjgvj Av`vq I _vbvq †cŠQv‡bvi eë¯’v MÖnY|
 wb‡Ri BqvbZ cÖ_‡g †`qv|  wbqwgZ evqZzj gvj Av`vq wbwðZ Kiv|
 wb‡R 5% †`qv I Rbkw³‡K 5% w`‡Z DØy× Kiv|  evqZzjgvj h_vmg‡q Av`vq|
 gvwmK †KvUv c~i‡Y me©vZ¥K †Póv Pvjv‡bv|  Iqv‡W©i D‡`¨v‡M bZzb bZzb GqvbZ `vZv I m~ax e„w×|
 wba©vwiZ mg‡q _vbvq cvVv‡bvi eë¯’v Kiv|  Avq-e¨‡qi wnmve h_vh_fv‡e msi¶Y|
19. e¨vcK wfwËK `vIqvZ m¤cÖmvi‡Yi Kvh©Ki D‡`¨vM|

 BDwbU mg~‡n MÖ“c `vIqvZx KvR wbwðZ Kiv|
 `vIqvZx Awfhvb‡K djcÖmy Ki‡Z h_vh_ c`‡¶c MÖnY|
 Rbkw³i mßv‡n GKw`b e¨w³MZ `vIqvZ wbwðZ Kiv|
 we‡kl we‡kl e¨w³‡ì ZvwjKv ˆZwi I `vIqvZ †cŠQv‡bv|
 e¨vcK wfwËK eB weZiY I wewµi eë¯’v|
 åvg¨gvb `vÕqx wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K Dc¯’vcb|
 me mgq wb‡Ri Kv‡Q `vIqvZx DcKiY ivLv|
20. bZzb `vIqvZx BDwbU ˆZwi Kiv| `vIqvZx BDwbU‡K BDwb‡U cwiYZ Kiv|
 BDwbU `yÕai‡Yi Ñ `vIqvZx BDwbU, BDwbU|
BDwb‡Ui MVb c×wZ t `vIqvZx BDwbU -

 BDwbU ˆZixi Rb¨ cwiKíbv MÖnY I GjvKv wPwýZKiY|
 ‡h GjvKvq KvR †bB Zv wPwýZ Kiv|
 H GjvKvi GKRb‡K Kg©x Uv‡M©U wb‡q Kg©x evbv‡bv|
 Zvui gva¨‡g Av‡iv wKQz e¨w³‡K eB-cy¯—K cov‡bv Ges Av‡iv wKQy evQvK…Z e¨w³‡K wi‡cvU© †`qv|
 hv‡ì wi‡cvU© †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv‡ì wb‡q êVK Kiv Ges nvjKv Drmvn e¨ÄK ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv| ax‡i ax‡i Zv‡ì
KvQ †_‡K evqZzjgvj Av`vq Kiv|
 G‡ì ga¨ †_‡K †hvM¨ e¨w³‡K mfvcwZ K‡i GKwU cÖv_wgK ev `vIqvZx BDwbU MVb|
 A_ev †Kvb GjvKvq cvk¦©eZ©x BDwb‡Ui †Kvb Kg©x‡K w`‡q `vIqvZx BDwbU ˆZix Kiv|
 `vIqvZx BDwb‡Ui wi‡cvU© IqvW© êV‡K wbqwgZ †ck Kiv|
 cÖwZ gv‡m Kgc‡¶ GKwU ‡cÖvMÖvg n‡Z n‡e| ax‡i ax‡i †cÖvMÖv‡gi msL¨v evov‡Z n‡e|
 cÖ_g I wØZxq gv‡m 1wU, Z…Zxq I PZz_© gv‡m 2wU (hv‡ì‡K wi‡cvU© †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv‡ì‡K wb‡q †cÖvMÖvg), cÂg
gv‡m 3wU, 6ô gv‡m 4wU †cÖvMÖvg (BwZg‡a¨B hv‡ì‡K wi‡cvU© †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K K‡qKRb‡K Kgx©
ˆZix Kiv)|
BDwbU t BDwb‡Ui Rb¨ wbgœwjwLZ kZ©¸‡jv c~iY Ki‡Z n‡et
 Kgc‡¶ wZb Rb Kg©x _vKv| XvKv gnvbMixi  GKRb mwµq mfvcwZ KZ©„K KvR cwiPvjbv
Rb¨ cuvPRb Kg©x cÖ‡qvRb| Kiv|
 wbqwgZ êVKvw` nIqv|  gvwmK wi‡cvU© I †bmve h_vixwZ Av`vq Kiv|
 gv‡m Kgc‡¶ GK evi `vIqvZx MÖ“c †ei  †NvlYv †`qvi mgq IqvW© mfvcwZi AbygwZ
Kiv| MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
- G me kZ© c~iY n‡j †m BDwbU‡K BDwbU ejv nq|
21. D×©Zb msMV‡bi Kg©m~Px ev¯—evq‡b mn‡hvwMZv Kiv|
 _vbv, gnvbMix A_ev †K‡›`ªi Ab¨vb¨ ‡cÖvMÖvgvw`‡Z AskMÖn‡Yi eë¯’v Kiv|
 hviv Abycw¯’Z _v‡Kb Zv‡ì †LvR-Lei †bqv|
22. ‡cÖvMÖvgvw`‡Z mKj Rbkw³i Dcw¯’wZ wbwðZ Kivi †Póv Kiv|
 wba©vwiZ mgq nv‡Z †i‡L c~‡e©B †cÖvMÖv‡gi `vIqvZ †cŠuQv‡bv|
 Rbkw³‡K mswkó †cÖvMÖv‡gi ¸i“Z¡ eySv‡bv|
 ‡cÖvMÖv‡g Abycw¯’Z Rbkw³i †LuvR-Lei †bqv|
23. `vIqvZx eB‡qi eë¯’vmn GKwU kw³kvjx cvVvMvi|
 Rbkw³‡K e¨w³MZ jvB‡eªwi MV‡b DØy× Kiv|  eB e„w×i D‡`¨vM MÖnY|
 h_vh_fv‡e eB‡qi wnmve msi¶Y|  †mvbvi evsjv cwÎKv ivLv I MÖvnK e„w× Kiv|
 eB weZiY, msMÖn I msi¶Y|  msMÖvg, Kjg I c„w_exi MÖvnK e„w× Kiv|
96
 `vIqvZx †mU memgq cÖ¯‘Z ivLv|  cÖwZwU BDwb‡U eB wbwðZ Kiv|
24. Rbkw³‡K h_vh_fv‡e cwiPvjbv I Zv‡ì cÖwZfv weKv‡k mn‡hvwMZv Kiv|
 cÖwZfvi Av‡jv‡K mKj Rbkw³‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv|
 Av`‡k©i mwVK Ávb AR©‡bi †Póvq mn‡hvwMZv Kiv|
 Rbkw³‡K D‡Ï‡kï w`‡K cÖfvweZ Kiv|
 Rbkw³‡ì g‡a¨ AvKv•Lv ˆZwi Kiv|
 Rbkw³i Conception cwi¯‹vi Kiv ìKvi|
25. Rbkw³i g‡a¨ wUg w¯cÖU ˆZwi I Øxwb AbyfywZ ‰Zwi|
 cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© gReyZ Kiv|  Kg©x‡ì ¯^Zù‚Z© K‡i M‡o ‡Zvjv|
 wbqwgZ †gvnvmvev Kiv|  Rbkw³‡K D‡Ï‡kï w`‡K cÖfvweZ Kiv|
 h_vh_ Motivation Pvjv‡bv|
26. Avf¨š—ixY mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv wbwðZ Kiv|
 Avf¨š—ixb cwi‡ek n‡e RvbœvZx cwi‡ek|
 AvbyMZ¨, civgk© I Gn‡Zmv‡ei eÜ‡b Ave× Kiv|
27. my›ì Awdm eë¯’vcbv|

 wewfbœ Documents msMÖn I msi¶Y|  wewkó e¨w³‡ì ZvwjKv|
 Rbkw³i †iwRóvi|  cwiKíbv dvBj|
 mn‡hvMx, m~ax‡ì †iwRóvi|  wi‡cvU© msi¶Y dvBj|
 evqZzjgvj Avq-e¨‡qi LvZv|  mv‡eK‡ì ZvwjKv msµvš— dvBj|
 wPwV-cÎ, ¯§vi‡Ki dvBj|
28. BDwbUmg~‡n DcKiY h‡_ó cwigv‡Y mieivn Kiv IqvW© mfvcwZ‡ì `vwqZ¡ t
29. me GjvKvi †fvUvi ZvwjKv msMÖn K‡i GK Kwc Iqv‡W© I GK Kwc BDwb‡U †`qv ìKvi|
30. Iqv‡W©i wewkó e¨w³‡ì mv‡_ IqvW© mfvcwZ‡ì ‡hvMv‡hvM _vK‡Z n‡e|
 WvB‡i±ix msMÖn, ZvwjKv ˆZix, †Uwj‡dvb b¤î msMÖn|
 WvK‡hv‡M DcKiY cvVv‡bv|
31. gvwmK wi‡cvU© ˆZwi, ch©v‡jvPbv I _vbvq †cŠQv‡bv|
 gvm †kl nevi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zv †cŠ‡Q w`‡Z n‡e|
 wi‡cvU© ‡hb c~Y©v½ I cwi”Qbœ nq|
 Rbkw³i bZzb e„w× NvUwZi bvg wj‡L ivL‡Z n‡e|
 G mKj KvR my›ìfv‡e m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ KiYxqt
1. Av‡`k I AvbyM‡Zï fvimvg¨| 6. ‰a‡h©i mv‡_ wbiwew”Qbœfv‡e KvR Pvwj‡q
2. fvimvg¨c~Y© Rxe‡b Af¨¯— n‡Z n‡e| †h‡Z n‡e|
3. mgq‡K cwiKwíZfv‡e Kv‡R jvMv‡Z n‡e| 7. Avjvni mvnvh¨ Kvgbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
4. mKj Kv‡R Avš—wiKZv _vK‡Z n‡e| 8. Revew`wni gvbwmKZv wb‡q KvR Kiv|
5. gvbwmK `„pZv I cwikªgwcÖqZv m„wó Ki‡Z 9. wbqwgZ Aa¨qb Kiv|
n‡e| 10. AMÖvwaKvi wfwË‡Z KvR Kiv|
mgm¨v t
1. _vbvi A‡bK Information A‡bK mg‡q 7. A‡bK mgq c~bivq ¯§iY Kwi‡q ‡`qvi ciI
h_vh_fv‡e †cŠ‡Q bv, KvR ey‡S †`q bv| wba©vwiZ md‡i Avm‡b bv|
2. IqvW© A‡bK mg‡q h_vh_fv‡e KvR ey‡S †bq bv| 8. mdi¸‡jv Kvh©Ki nqbv| `vwqZ¡kxjMY md‡i
BDwb‡UI A‡bK mgq KvR eywS‡q †`qv nq bv| G‡m ïay e³e¨ w`‡q; `vim ev Av‡jvPbv †i‡LB
3. _vbvi `vwqZ¡kxj, Kg©cwil` I ïivi m`m¨MY ZwoNwo K‡i P‡j hvb|
h_vh_ ZZ¡veavb K‡ib bv| 9. ‡cÖvMÖvgvw`‡Z `vwqZ¡kxjMY cÖ¯‘wZ QvovB
4. _vbv Kg©cwil`, ïivi cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K I Av‡mb|
gvbm¤§Z md‡ii Afve 10. mivmwi ZZ¡veav‡bi PvB‡Z †Uwj‡dvb I †gvevB‡j
5. IqvW© mfvcwZ/†m‡µUvix‡ì cÖ‡qvRbxq †hvMv‡hvM K‡iB †ekxifvM KvR †m‡i †d‡jb|
md‡ii Afve| 11. ‡Kvb we‡kl Information ev wb‡`©kbv †Kvb BDwbU
6. wba©vwiZ md‡i c~bivq Lei bv w`‡j Av‡mb bv| mfvcwZ bv †c‡j Zv‡K Lei w`‡Z Qy‡U hvq|
97
12. ‡Kvb †Kvb Information Kg©m~Pxi Lei Ggb 22. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì e¨w³MZ mgm¨v
mg‡q cvIqv hvq †h c`‡¶c †bqv m¤¢e nq bv| 23. msMV‡bi mKj Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ mgš^‡qi Afve
13. A‡bK Kgx© wKQy wKQy †ivKb A‡bK w`b hver 24. mg‡qi KvR mg‡q bv Kiv
wb¯Œxq| Zv‡ì wb¯ŒxqZvi cÖfve mµxq Kgx©‡ì 25. BDwbU `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì GKwU Ask wb¯Œxq| A_P
Dci c‡o| c`‡¶c †bB|
14. `vwqZ¡kxj ev †Kvb Kgx©i mv‡_ m¤ú‡K©i 26. gvbm¤§Z `vwqZ¡kx‡ji Afve
AebwZi Kvi‡Y †m wb¯Œxq _v‡K| `vwqZ¡kxj Zv 27. mvsMVwbK †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î k„•Ljvi Afve n‡Z
`~i Kivi c`‡¶c †bb bv| cv‡i|
15. wb¯Œxq‡ì mµxq Kivi †¶‡Î h_vh_ I 28. `vwqZ¡kxjMY me ai‡bi RbMY‡K
Zvr¶wbK c`‡¶‡ci Afve Accommodate Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv|
16. ‡Kvb mgm¨vi mgvav‡b h_vh_ c`‡¶‡ci Afve| 29. me ai‡bi Rbkw³‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cv‡ib bv|
17. cÖ‡qvRbxq md‡ii Afve| 30. `vwqZ¡kx‡ji e¨w³MZ AvPiY
18. msMVb eySvi †¶‡Î Afve| 31. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì Avg‡ji Afve|
19. cÖ‡qvRbxq eB cy¯—‡Ki Afve| 32. ‡Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î `vwqZ¡kxjMY cÖk‡œ evaK|
20. Avw_©K Afve 33. jvMvZvi ivR‰bwZK †cÖvMÖvg|
21. we‡ivwaZv
KiYxq t
1. IqvW© I BDwb‡Ui wewfbœ ch©v‡qi `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì‡K mwµq ivL‡Z wbweo avivevwnK Ae¨vnZ ZË¡veavb
2. e¨w³MZ †hvMv‡hvM I _vbv †j‡e‡ji `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì mdi evov‡bv| e¨w³MZ †hvMv‡hvM I mdi gvbm¤§Z n‡Z n‡e
3. Rbkw³‡K cÖfve ej‡qi g‡a¨ ivL‡Z n‡e A_©vr Rbkw³i mvgwMÖK †LvR-Lei, myweav Amyweav b‡j‡R _vK‡Z n‡e|
4. ïay †Uwj‡dvb ev †gvevB‡ji gva¨‡g ZË¡veavb ev †hvMv‡hvM bq Ñ n‡Z n‡e mivmwi
5. Rbkw³‡K Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, bv Kivi cwiYvg Z_v Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb m¤ú‡K© Kb‡mckb cwi¯‹vi
Ki‡Z n‡e|
6. Rbkw³i Kv‡Q `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì‡K AbyKibxq n‡Z n‡e|
7. `vwqZ¡kxjMY wb‡R‡ì‡K cÖ‡kœi D‡aŸ© Zz‡j ai‡eb|
8. ‡Kvb mgm¨vi †`Lv w`‡j Zvr¶wbK I b¨vq m½Z mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡e|
9. KvR eywS‡q †`qv I ey‡S †bqv|
10. Avw_©K mgm¨vi mgvav‡b Kvh©Ki D‡`¨vM MÖnY|
11. we‡ivax cwi‡e‡k h_vh_ †ndvh‡Zi gva¨‡g KvR Kiv|
12. my‡hvM †c‡jB wba©vwiZ †cÖvMÖvgvw` †m‡i †bqv| mg‡qi KvR mg‡q Kiv|
13. mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv‡K me©vwaK ¸i“Z¡ †`qv|
14. Rbkw³‡K Z¨vM I KzievYxi gvbwlKZvq ˆZix Kiv|
15. me ai‡bi †gvwU‡fk‡bi †K›`ªwe›`y n‡e Avjvni mš‘wó AR©b|
41. Avmnv‡e ivm~j (mv.)

Avjvn iveŸyj Avjvgxb hy‡M hy‡M AmsL¨ bex-ivm~j cvVv‡bvi gva¨‡g G `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b gvbyl‡K wb‡qvwRZ K‡i‡Qb| ZviB
avivevwnKZvq me©‡kl bex gynv¤§` (mvt) G Kv‡R wb‡Ri ùvZ knx` K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡q‡di gq`v‡b wb‡Ri i³ Swi‡q‡Qb| Zvi
mvnvexiv (ivt) mn¨ K‡i‡Qb AeY©bxq wbh©vZb, K‡i‡Qb †`k Z¨vM, A‡b‡K kvnv`v‡Zi bvRivbvI †ck K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Øx‡bi G
gnvb `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi †¶‡Î mvgvb¨Zg `~e©jZvi cwiPqI Zviv †`bwb| Øx‡bi Dci wQ‡jb AUj, AwePj, `„p cÖwZÁ| Pvwj‡q‡Qb
wb‡R‡ì Kvh©µg Aweivg I wbiwew”Qbœ|
AvR‡Ki cwi‡e‡k Avgv‡ì †K Avjvni ivm~‡ji (mvt) mvnvex‡ì †m †mvbvjx BwZnvm Abymi‡Y wb‡R‡ì `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b _vK‡Z
n‡e `„p, wb‡R‡ì‡K M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e Zv‡ì †mvbvjx Pwi‡Îi Av‡jv‡K| mvnvex‡ì (ivt) Abycg PvwiwÎK êwk‡óï ¸i“Z¡c~Y© w`K
Abymibv‡_© wb‡gœ Zz‡j aiwQÑ
mvnvex‡ì Cgv‡bi `„pZv t
98
Imgvb Beby Avddvb (ivt) Gi PvPv wbôzi nvKvg Beby Avwej Avm Zvi Bmjvg MÖnY mn¨ Ki‡Z bv ‡c‡i Zv‡K N‡ii GKwU LyuwUi
mv‡_ †eu‡a ivL‡Zb| Lvevi-cvbxq eÜ K‡i Cgvb wePz¨wZi Rb¨ Pvc w`‡Zb| wKš‘ G gnvb mvnvex Cgv‡bi G Hk¦h© nvZQvov K‡ib
wb| AUj AwePj wQ‡jb Cgvbx `„pZvq|
g°vi Kv‡diiv LveŸve (ivt) †K †jvnvi †cvlvK cwi‡q DËß †iv‡` ùvo Kwi‡h iv‡L| wccvmvq KvZi n‡q gvwU‡Z c‡o QUdU
Ki‡Z _v‡K, G AK_¨ wbh©vZbI cv‡iwb gynv¤§` (mvt) m¤ú‡K© KUzevK¨ D”PviY Kiv‡Z| wZwb Cgv‡bi Dci wQ‡jb cvnv‡oi gZ `„p
I AUj|
KziAv‡bi nv-gxg Avm mvR`vq Gi 30 bs Avqv‡Z ejv n‡q‡QÑ
wbðq hviv e‡j, Avgv‡ì cvjbKZ©v Avjvn, AZtci Zv‡ZB `„p _v‡K, Zv‡ì cÖwZ †d‡ikZv AeZxY© nq Ges e‡j, †Zvgiv fq
K‡iv bv wPšÍv K‡iv bv Ges †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZkÖ“Z Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev` MÖnb Ki|
ïay wZwb bb Zvjnv web Devq`yjvn‡K AZ¨vPv‡i ¶Z-we¶Z Kiv, mygvBqv (ivt) Gi Zj‡c‡U ejg w`‡q AvNvZ K‡i knx` Kiv,
jyevBbv (ivt), D¤§y ïevB, wejvj (ivt), LyevBe (ivt) Gi gZ mvnvex‡ì cÖwZ AK_¨ wbh©vZb cv‡iwb Cgvbx `„pZv †_‡K Zv‡ì GK
we›`y cwigvY we”QywZ NUv‡Z| Avi G‡ì Rb¨B gnvb iveŸyj Avjvgxb †d‡i¯Ív‡ì gva¨‡g mvnv‡hï Iqv`v K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡jbÑ
Avwg Aek¨B †Zvgv‡ì cix¶v Ki‡ev, fq-fxwZ, ¶zav-Abvnvi, †Zvgv‡ì Rvb-gvj I dmjvwì ¶wZmvab K‡i, Zzwg âh©¨kxj‡ì
mymsev` `vb K‡iv| (Avj-evK¡viv-155)
mvnvex‡ì `vIqvZx KvR t
`vIqvZx Kv‡R mvnvexiv (ivt) Abb¨ `„óvšÍ Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb| Avey eKi (ivt) Bmjvg MÖn‡Yi ciciB wb‡R‡K `vIqvZx Kv‡R
wb‡qvwRZ K‡ib| `vIqvZ †`b ZrKvjxb Avi‡ei †kªô Pvi e¨w³‡K| Zvi `vIqv‡Z Bmjv‡g cÖ‡ek K‡ib Imgvb web Avddvb
(ivt) Zvjnv web Ievq`yjvn (ivt) †hvevBi Bebyj AvIqvg (ivt) I Avãyi ingvb web AvId (ivt)| G Pvi RbB wQ‡jb Avkvivq
gyevkkvi m`m¨, Imgvb (ivt) †Zv Bmjv‡gi Lwjdv wbe©vwPZ n‡qwQ‡jb|
gymAve Beby IgvBi (ivt) ‡K hLb g`xbvq Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ w`‡Z ivm~j (mvt) cvwV‡q †`b ZLb ¯^v”Q‡›` P‡j hvb g`xbvq| †m
w`b GKwU AcwiwPZ ¯’v‡b †Kv_vq _vK‡eb, †Kv_vq Lv‡eb? BZ¨vw` cÖkœ wZwb K‡ibwb eis ZviB `vIqv‡Z Bmjvg MÖnY K‡i
AvKvevq 1g, 2q I 3q ev‡i h_vµ‡g 8, 12 I 72 Rb ivm~j (mvt) Gi nv‡Z evBqvZ †bb| GiB avivevwnKZvq g`xbvq GKwU
Øxwb cwi‡ek ˆZix nq Ges ivm~j (mvt) †mLv‡b wnRiZ K‡ib|
Gfv‡e nhiZ Zvjnv, Avey gymv Avkqvix, Zzdv‡qj Be‡b Av‡gi, DgvBi Be‡b Iqvnve, Lvwj` web Iqvwj`, Rvgvg web mvjvevi
gZ mvnvex‡ì `vIqv‡Z Øx‡bi Kvwnbx BwZnvm L¨vZ| we`vq n‡¾i fvl‡b ivm~j (mvt) Gi †mB HwZnvwmK wb‡`©kbv ÒDcw¯’Ziv
Abycw¯’Z‡ì wbKU Avgvi G evbx †cŠwQ‡q †`‡eÓ ev¯Íevq‡b mvnvexiv †ewi‡q c‡ob c„w_exi wewfbœ w`‡K| Avjvn Zvqvjv
`vIqv‡Zi G `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi wb‡`©kbvq e‡jbÑ
Zzwg †Zvgvi i‡ei c‡_ cÖÁv I m`yc‡`k Øviv AvnŸvb K‡iv, (KL‡bv Z‡K© †h‡Z n‡j) Zzwg m‡e©vrK…ó cš’vq hyw³-ZK© K‡iv| (m~iv-
bvnj-125)
Zvi K_v A‡c¶v Kvi K_v DËg n‡Z cv‡i| †h (gvbyl‡K) Avjvni w`‡K Wv‡K, mrKvR K‡i Ges e‡j wbðqB Avwg gymjgvb‡ì
AšÍ©f~³| (m~iv-nv-gxg Avm mvR`v-33)
mvnvex‡ì KziAvb PP©v t
Avãyjvn Be‡b gvmD` (ivt) Gi KziAvb PP©vi K_v Avgiv mK‡jB Rvwb| ïay m~iv evK¡vivB wZwb c‡o‡Qb Qq gvm| GKwU Avqv‡Zi
gg©v_© Dcjwä K‡iB Ab¨ AvqvZ co‡Zb| GKevi GKwU Kv‡djvi mv‡_ iv‡Z Igi (ivt) Gi mv‡_ mv¶vZ nq| wZwb Kv‡djv‡K
j¶¨ K‡i K‡qKwU cÖkœ K‡ib cÖ‡Z¨K cÖ‡kœi Reve KziAv‡bi fvlvq Avm‡Q †`‡L wZwb gšÍe¨ K‡ib G Kv‡djvq wbtm‡›`‡n Avt web
gvmD` (ivt) Av‡Qb| Ave~ Avãyjvn mv‡jg (ivt) wek¦ weL¨vZ K¡vix wQ‡jb| hv‡q` web mvweZ DevB Beby KvÕe KziAv‡bi LyuwU-bvwU
welqI Rvb‡Zb| Ave~ eKi (ivt) Gi KziAvb msKjb †ev‡W©i Ab¨Zg m`m¨ wQ‡jb Zviv| GgbwK hv‡q` web mvweZ (ivt) Gi
eë¯’vcbvqB KziAvb msKwjZ nq| gyqvh Be‡b Rvevj, Ave~ gymv Avkqvix, Avãyjvn Be‡b û`vBi (ivt) Gi KziAvb PP©v mvnvex‡ì
g‡a¨ Av‡jvwPZ n‡Zv| Be‡b AveŸvm (ivt) †K Zvi KziAvb PP©vq L¨vwZi Kvi‡b gydvmwmi‡ì m`©vi Dcvwa †`qv n‡q‡Q| Avjvn
Zvqvjv e‡jbÑ
Zviv wK KziAvb m¤ú‡K© wPšÍv M‡elbv K‡iwb? bv Zv‡ì AšÍi mg~‡n Zvjv c‡o †M‡Q? (m~iv-gynv¤§`-24)
hviv Cgvb`vi, Zviv Ggb †h, hLb Avjvni bvg ¯§iY nq ZLb fxZ n‡q c‡o Zv‡ì AšÍi| Avi hLb Zv‡ì mvg‡b KziAvb cvV
Kiv nq, ZLb Zv‡ì Cgvb †e‡o hvq Ges Zvi ¯^xq i‡ei cÖwZ fimv K‡i| (m~iv Avbdvj-02)|
mvnvex‡ì AvZ¥Z¨vM t
wek¦ BwZnv‡m mvnvexiv (ivt) AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi GK Abycg `„óvšÍ Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb| ivm~j (mvt) Gi Dci Inx bvwhj nj A_©vr †Zvgiv
c~Y¨ †c‡Z cvibv †h ch©šÍ wcÖq e¯‘ Avjvni c‡_ e¨q/ `vb Ki‡e|
hvwq` web mvnj (ivt) Zvi wcÖq evMvbwU Avjvni ivm~j (mvt) †K `vb K‡i †`b| Ggwb fv‡e Avey `vn`vn mvweZ Avj Avbmvix
wb‡Ri wcÖq evMvb ivm~j (mvt) Gi nv‡Z `vb K‡i e‡jb Avjvn‡K FY w`jvg|
99
ZveyK hy‡× Avey eKi (ivt) Zvi mewKQy wb‡q nvwRi nb, ivm~j (mvt) Gi cÖ‡kœi Rev‡e wZwb e‡jbÑ Avgvi cwiev‡ii Rb¨ Avjvn
I Zvi ivm~j (mvt) h‡_ó| Ggwbfv‡e Imgv‡bi (ivt) `vb, Avey Zvjnv (ivt) `vb, Avey Zvjnv (ivt) wb‡R ¶zavZ© †_‡K †gngvb‡K
Avc¨vqb Kiv‡bv, nvwim I BKivgv (ivt) Gi hy‡×i gq`v‡b gyg~l© Ae¯’vq Ab¨‡K cvwb cvb Ki‡Z AMÖvwaKvi †`qvi gZ AvZ¥Z¨vM
BwZnv‡m AvRI ¯§iYxq n‡q i‡q‡Q| Avjvn e‡jbÑ
†K †mB e¨w³, †h Avjvn‡K DËg avi w`‡e, Gi ci wZwb Zvi R‡b¨ Zv eû¸‡Y e„w× Ki‡eb Ges Zvi Rb¨ i‡q‡Q m¤§vwbZ cyi¯‹vi
(m~iv nv`x`-11)
Zviv wb‡R‡ì Dc‡i Ab¨‡ì‡K cÖvavb¨ †`q| hwÌ Zviv wb‡Riv Abvnv‡i _v‡K| (m~iv nvki-9)
mvnvex‡ì A‡í Zzó t
Avey eKi (ivt) Gi A‡í Zzwó wek¦ L¨vZ| wZwb Lwjdv n‡qI mv`vwm‡` Rxeb-hvcb Ki‡Zb| Dgi (ivt) Gi mv`vwm‡` Rxeb-
hvc‡bi Kvi‡b †ivgxq `~Z cÖ_g mv¶v‡Z wek¦vm Ki‡ZB cviwQj bv Avgxi“j gywgbxb‡K| wng‡mi RbMb‡K Dgi (ivt) mvnvh¨v‡_©
Zv‡ì‡K Mixe‡ì ZvwjKv K‡i Zvi wbKU Rgv w`‡Z ej‡j, Zviv †h ZvwjKv wb‡q Av‡mb Zvi cÖ_g e¨w³ wQj wngm Mfb©i nhiZ
mvqx` Be‡b Av‡gi Avj-Rygvnx (ivt)| G †_‡KB eySv hvq Avjvni ivm~j (mt) Gi mvnvexiv GZ †ekx Aí Zzó gvbwmKZv †cvlb Ki‡Zb|
Avjvn e‡jbÑ
wbðqB mvdj¨ jvf Ki‡e †m, †h ï× nq Ges Zvi cvjbKZ©vi bvg ¯§iY K‡i AZtci bvgvh Av`vq K‡i| e¯‘Zt †Zvgiv cvw_©e
Rxeb‡K AMÖvwaKvi `vI, A_P ciKv‡ji Rxeb DrK…ó I ¯’vqx| (m~iv-Avjv 14-17)
Avi `ywbqvi Rxeb, G †Zv wbQK wKQy ‡Lj-Zvgvkv Qvov Avi wKQyB bq| ciKv‡j evox-Ni Zv‡ì R‡b¨, DrK…ó, hviv Avjvn
Zvqvjv‡K fq K‡i| †Zvgiv wK Abyaveb K‡iv bv? (m~iv Avb Avg-32)
mvnvex‡ì ivwÎ RvMiY t
mvnvex‡ì g‡a¨ ivwÎ RvMi‡Yi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv wQj| Zv‡ì ejv nZ (Aviex n‡e) w`‡b †Nvpvq mIqvi Avi ivwÎ‡Z bvgv‡h
`Êvqgvb| wnRi‡Zi mgq ivm~j (mt) Gi cÖwZ Avey eKi (ivt) ivÎx‡Z GK Wv‡K mvov †Ìqvi `„óvšÍ ZviB cÖgvY| Dgi (ivt)
mvivivZ Zvi †`kevmxi `ytL Kó cÖZ¨¶ Ki‡Zb Avi G‡m bvgv‡h ùvwo‡q †h‡Zb| Avãyj vn B‡eb Avgi (ivt) mvivw`b †ivhv
ivL‡Zb Avi iv‡Z bvgv‡h iZ _vK‡Zb| Avjvn Zvqvjv e‡jb-
Avi ivwÎ‡ejv Zvnv¾y` co| Bnv †Zvgvi Rb¨ bdj| Am¤¢e bq †h, †Zvgvi gvÔey` †Zvgv‡K gvKv‡g gvngy‡` mycwÖ ZwôZ K‡i w`‡eb
(m~iv ebx BmivBj-79)
hviv e‡j, †n Avgv‡ì gvwjK, Avgiv Aek¨B †Zvgvi Dci Cgvb G‡bwQ, AZtci Avgv‡ì ¸bvn LvZv Zzwg gvd K‡i `vI Ges
Zzwg Avgv‡ì Rvnvbœv‡gi Av¸b †_‡K euvwP‡q w`‡qv| Giv n‡”Q âh©¨kxj, mZ¨vkªqx, AbyMZ Ges `vbkxj, Giv n‡”Q †kl iv‡Z
wKsev cÖvZtKvjxb mg‡qi ¶gv cÖv_©bvKvix| (m~iv Avj Bgivb-16-17)
mvnex‡ì mvnwmKZv t
Avjvni ivm~‡ji (mt) mvnvexiv Øxb cÖwZôvq A¯^vfvweK mvnwmKZvq cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb| †Kvb †¶‡Î nZvk nbwb, fxZ mš¿¯Í nbwb|
Iû` hy‡× Zvjnv (ivt) Gi ey‡K mËiwU Zx‡ii AvNvZ mn¨ K‡i ivm~j (mvt) †K i¶v Kivi cÖ‡Póv K‡ib, gyZvi hy‡×i Rvdi web
Avwe Zvwje (ivt) GK nvZ wew”Qbœ nIqvi ciI jovB Pvwj‡q hvIqv GK D¾j `„óvšÍ| Avjx (ivt) I Lvwj` web Iqvwj` (ivt) Gi
exiZ¡ BwZnvm L¨vZ| ivm~j (mt) Zv‡ì `yÕRb‡K Avmv`yjvn (Avjvni wmsn) I mvBdzjvn (Avjvni Zievix) Dcvwa `vb K‡ib|
Avjvn Zvqvjv e‡jb-
†Zvgiv Avjvni c‡_ h_vh_fv‡e jovB K‡iv, wZwb †Zvgv‡ì‡K G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cQ›` K‡i‡Qb Ges Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i †Zvgv‡ì Dci
†Kvb msKxY©Zv iv‡Lbwb| (m~iv nv¾-78)
Avi †Zvgiv wbivk n‡qvbv Ges wPwšÍZ n‡qvbv| †ZvgivB Rqx n‡e, hw` †Zvgiv gywgb nI| (m~iv Avj Bgivb-139)
AvR‡Ki G cwi‡e‡k Avgiv hw` ivm~j (mvt) Gi mvnvex‡ì Abymi‡Y Øx‡bi `vIqv‡Z e¨vc„Z _vwK G Av‡›`vj‡bi `vIqvZ
mvnvex‡ì g‡Zv AwP‡iB †UKbvd †_‡K ‡ZZzwjqv ch©šÍ we¯—…Z n‡e| AmsL¨ c_ nviv w`MåvšÍ QvÎ hyeK c‡_i w`kv cv‡e| KziAvb
PP©vq wb‡R‡ì‡K e¨vc„Z ivL‡Z n‡e| wbqwgZ KziAvb nv`xm Aa¨qb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|
mvnvex‡ì A‡í Zzwó Abymib Ki‡j c„w_exi †Kvb †jvf-jvjmv Avgv‡ì‡K wb®Œxq Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| eZ©gv‡b †WmwUwb, Bbmy¨‡iÝ,
eëmv-evwYR¨, wUDkbx Kiv mn AmsL¨ †jv‡fi nvZQvbx †KvbUvB Avgv‡ì‡K Øxwb Av‡›`vjb †_‡K wePz¨Z Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|
ivwÎ RvMi‡bi Af¨vm K‡i Zvnv¾y` Av`v‡qi gva¨‡g Avjvni wbKU mvnh¨ PvIqv DwPZ| mvnvex‡ì Abymi‡Y mvnwmKZvi mv‡_
mKj evav-wecwË AwZµg K‡i AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi bvRivbv †ck K‡i Cgv‡bi Dci `„p _vK‡Z cvi‡j Aek¨B Avjvn mvnvh¨ Avm‡e Ges
Øxb weRqx n‡e| BbkvAvjvn| Avjvn Zvqvjv e‡jb-
Avi gywgb‡ì mvnvh¨ Kiv Avgv‡ì `vwqZ¡| (m~iv Avi iƒg-47)
Avjvn iveŸvyj Avjvgxb Avgv‡ì‡K mvnvex‡ì Abymi‡Y gq`v‡b h_vh_ f~wgKv ivLvi ZvIwdK w`b| Avgxb|
100
42. Bmjvgx ivóª eë¯’v
1. Bmjvgx ivRbxwZ diR
1. Bmjvgx ivRbxwZ‡Z Ask MÖnY bv Ki‡j gymjgvb _vKv hvq bv t
2. fyL‡Êi gvwjK n‡eb †bKKvi ev›`vivt Avw¤^qv-105, Avivd-125
3. Cgvb`vi †jvK‡ì‡K Avjvn ¶gZvi gvwjK evbv‡ebt byi-55
4. c„w_ex‡Z ûKzg Pj‡e GKgvÎ Avj-vnit BDmyd-40
5. wePvi dqmvjv Ki‡Z n‡e Avjvni weavb g‡Zt gv‡q`v-49
6. hviv Avjvni weavb g‡Z Rxeb cwiPvjbv K‡ibv Zviv Kv‡dit gv‡q`v-47
7. hviv Avjvni ûKzg m¤ú‡K© Mv‡dj Zv‡ì AvbyMZ¨ Kiv hv‡e bv t Kvnvd-28
8. hviv hgx‡b †drbv m„wó K‡i Zv‡ì K_v gvbv hv‡e bvt ïqviv-151
9. mgMÖ KziAv‡bi 4fv‡Mi 1 fvM ivRbxwZ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv G‡m‡Q|
2. GK bR‡i Bmjvgx wLjvdZ ev ivóª eë¯’v t
1. ivmyj mv. g°vq 13 eQi ivóª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z bv †c‡i g`xbvq ivóª ¶gZv nv‡Z Avmvi ci Bmjvg cÖPvi I cÖmvi Kiv m¤¢e nq|
2. gymjgvbiv ivóªxq ¶gZv nviv‡jv, †jR ¸wU‡q Avevi Avie f~L‡Ê mxgve× n‡jv|
3. Dmgv‡bi kvnv`v‡Zi ci wmdwd‡bi hy‡× 10 nvRvi mvnvex kvnv`vZ ei‡Yi ci wKQy mvnvex ivRbxwZ †_‡K gy³ _v‡K|
4. gybv‡dK Avãyjvn Be‡b mvevn, Bû`x Pµ Ges Lv‡iRxiv AmsL¨ Rvj nvw`m iPbv K‡i ag© †_‡K ivRbxwZ‡K Avjv`v K‡i|
5. 1924 mv‡ji 1 gvP© gy¯vÍ dv Kvgvj AvZvZzK© G‡m¤^wj‡Z †kl Dmgvbx myjZvb Avãyj gwR`‡K c`Pz¨Z K‡i ivóª ¶gZv K‡i|
6. RbMY me©gq ¶gZvi AwaKvix, ag© †_‡K ivRbxwZ Avjv`v, RvZxqZv wfwËK ivóª MVb Kvgvj AvZvZz‡K©i KvR|
7. G‡K G‡K `v‡g¯‹‡K DgvBqv wLjvd‡Zi, evM`v‡` AveŸvvwmq wLjvd‡Zi, wgk‡i dv‡Zgx wLjvd‡Zi I K‡W©vfvq
(†¯ú‡b) DgvBqv wLjvd‡Zi cZb nq|
8. cÖ_‡g Avey eKi (iv) me©‡kl ivmy‡ji ci 100Zg Lwjdv wQ‡jb wØZxq Avãyj AvwRR
9. wLjvdZ ïi“ nq 11 wn/ 632 L„. Avi †kl nq 1343 wn/1924 mv‡ji gvP©|
10. 1332 eQi ch©šÍ c„w_ex‡Z Bmjvgx kvmb wQ‡jv|
11. 1258-evM`v` cZ‡bi ci mv‡o 4 eQi gymwjg we‡k¦ Bmjvgx kvmb k~b¨ wQ‡jv|
12. ‡mB mgq gymjgvbiv ¯^cœ †`L‡Zv Avevi gymwjg we‡k¦ wLjvdZ eë¯’v cÖwZôvi|
13. †hgb-gvIjvbv RvgvjywÏb AvdMvbx, gvIjvbv gynv¤§` Avjx, gvIjvbv mIKvZ Avjx|
14. 1924-ZzKx© †bZv Kvgvj AvZvZzK© a‡g©i mv‡_ wLjvd‡Zi ev Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB e‡j Awf‡hvM G‡b
Lwjdvi c`wU wPiZ‡i gy‡Q w`‡q Bmjvgx wLjvd‡Zi cZb NUvq|
3. iv‡óªi msÁv t
* Bs‡iRx‡Z ejv nq-State Aviex‡Z ejv nq-`vDjvZzb, evjv`yb ev Avi`yb BZ¨vw`|
* ivóª kãwU me© cÖ_g eënvi K‡ib BZvwjqvb ivóª wPšÍvwe` g¨vwKqv‡ejx|
* ivóª kãwU A‡bK †¶‡Î miKvi, mgvR, †`k I RvwZ BZ¨vw` A‡_© eënvi Kiv nq|
1. Gwi÷U‡ji g‡Z- The State is a unit of familiabes and villages having for its end, perfect and
self-sufficing life the politically; KwZcq MÖvg I cwiev‡ii mgš^‡q ivóª MwVZ nq Ges gvbe mgv‡Ri
Kj¨vY mvabB j¶¨
2. eyë mwji g‡ZÑState is the politically organised people of a definite territory GKwU wbw`©ó f~L‡Ê
ivR‰bwZKfv‡e msMwVZ RbmgwóB nj ivóª|
3. Wt DW‡iv DBjm e‡jbÑ State is a people organised for law with in a definfte territory. Ò†Kvb
wbw`©ó f~L‡Ê AvB‡bi kvmb cÖwZôvi Rb¨ msMwVZ RbmgwóB nj ivóªÓ|
4. Aa¨vcK ev‡R©m tÑ Particular portion of mankind viewed as an organised unit (pro Burgess)
gvbe RvwZi †Kvb GKwU we‡kl Ask msNe× n‡q evm Ki‡j ivóª MwVZ nq|
5. Wt Mvb©vi Gi g‡ZÑivóª n‡”Q Ggb GK Rb mgvR hv msL¨vq wecyj, hv ¯’vqxfv‡e †Kvb wbw`©ó f~L‡Ê emevm K‡i,
hv †Kvb kw³i wbqš¿Y †_‡K ¯^vaxb A_ev cÖvq ¯^vaxb Ges hvi GKwU msMwVZ miKvi Av‡Q, hvi cÖwZ mK‡jB
AvbyMZ¨ ¯^xKvi K‡i|
6. gvK©m-Gi g‡Z ivóª n‡”Q wbcxo‡bi Avkªq gvÎ|
4. Bmjvgx iv‡óªi msÁv t
1. Aa¨vcK Lyiwk` e‡jb t †h iv‡óªi mvgwMÖK Kg©KvÊ Bmjvgx weavb Abyhvqx cwiPvwjZ I Avjvni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ I
Zvi AvB‡bi cÖavb¨‡K cÖwZôvi j‡¶¨ me©vZ¥K cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv nq|
101
2. Avjvgv gykvwn` Avjx e‡jb t Bmjvgx ivóª Ggb GKwU ivóª eë¯’v †hLv‡b Avjvni ev›`v‡ì g‡a¨ mywePvi
cÖwZôv jvf K‡i Ges hvi gva¨‡g RbM‡Yi mvgMÖxK Rxeb aviv cwiï× I cwiPvwjZ n‡Z cv‡i| (MÖš’ t dvZn~j
Kwig wd wmqvmvwZb bvexqxj Avwgb)
3. Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv e‡jb t RbM‡Yi hveZxq e¨vcvi my-m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ ivóª cÖwZôv Kiv Øx‡bi me© cÖavb `vwqZ¡|
eis Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôv Qvov Øxb cÖwZôv n‡Z cv‡i bv|
4. †gvÏvK_v-gvbeZvi BnKvjxb I ciKvjxb gyw³i j‡¶¨ gnvb Avjvn †h weavb w`‡q‡Qb Zv cÖwZôvi wbwg‡Ë
cÖwZwôZ ivóª eë¯’vB Bmjvgx ivóª|
5. wdKvnex`MY e‡jb t Bmjvgx ivóª Ggb AÂ‡ji bvg hv gymjgvb‡ì KZ…©Z¡vax‡b _v‡K|
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi kã, cwifvlv, Dcv`vb, j¶¨-D‡Ïk¨ mg~n t
Bmjvgx ivóª weÁv‡bi kãmg~n t
Kzivb, nv`xm I Bmjvgx Rxeb `k©‡bi Av‡jv‡K t
1. Avj-ûKvgvn AvBbvbyM `k©b 6. wiqvmvn †bZ…©Z¡
2. Avj-Lwjdv- cÖwZwbwa welqK Ávb 7. wfjvqvn- AwffveKKZ¡
3. wmqvwmq¨v- ivRbxwZ 8. Bgvwgq¨vn- BgvgZ ev AwabvqKZ¡
4. wbqvevn- bv‡qe ev ¯’jvwfwl³ 9. Bgivn-Awdm, gbœvjq, ¶z`ªivR
5. wmqv`vn- KZ…Z© ¡ 10. g~jywKq¨v- Royal Kingdom, ivR¨
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi cwifvlv t
1. wLjvdZ 4. `vi“j Bmjvg
2. wLjvdZ Bjvwnqv ev ûKzg‡Z Bjvwnqv 5. wLjvdZ Avjvwgb nvwRwnb beyqZ
3. Bmjvgx wLjvdZ
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi Dcv`vb t
1. Rb mgwó-AvbœvmÑ Population. 4. mve©‡fŠgZ¡-wmqv`v‡Z gyZj ¡ vKvnÑ
2. wbw`©ó f~LÊ-AvjAvi`Ñ Definite territory. Universal/Sovereignty.
3. miKvi-ûKzgZÑ Government. 5. msweavb AvBbÑ Constitution.
Bmjvgx ivóª weÁvbx Wt Ave`yj Kwig Rq`v‡bi g‡Z 5wU Dcv`vb t
1. GKwU mymse× RbmgvR 4. mve©‡fŠg ¶gZvm¤úbœ
2. GKwU e¨vcK eë¯’vi AvbyMZ¨ 5. fveMZ ¯^vZš¿
3. GKwU wbw`©ó AÂ‡j emevmKvix
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ t
* mvjvZ wfwËK mgvR Kv‡qg * Avgvi wej gvi“d †bnx Avwbj gybKvi
* hvKvZ wfwËK A_©eë¯’v Kv‡qg * kixqvZ Rvwi I Kvh©Ki Kiv
* Av`j I Bbmvd cÖwZôv (ïiv-15, wbmv- 135, * gvby‡li †gŠwjK cÖ‡qvRb cyiY
58, bvnj-90, gv‡q`v-8, mv`-26) * Avj-vni Øxb cÖPvi I cÖmvi Kiv
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi, bxwZgvjv, MVb cÖYvjx, êwkó¨
Bmjv‡gi ivR‰bwZK eë¯’vi Avek¨Kxq bxwZgvjv
1. ZvInx` 3. Av`vjvn 5. k~iv
2. kixqvn 4. mvg¨
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi MVb cÖYvjx t
1.Avgxi ev ivóª cÖavb-cÖZ¨¶ †fv‡U wbe©vwPZ n‡e| 3. gRwj‡k ïiv
2. kvmbZš¿-KziAvb I nvw`m 4. Bmjvgx kixq‡Zi AbymiY
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi êwkó¨ t
1. KziAvb mybœvnwfwËK ivóª 11. miKv‡ii AvbyMZ¨ kZ©mv‡c‡¶
2. mve©‡fŠgZ¡ GKgvÎ Avjvni 12. e¨w³ I mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ fvimvg¨
3. Av`k©wfwËK ivóª 13. bvix-cyi“‡li Dci wk¶v eva¨Zvg~jK
5. wbe©vwPZ kvmK 14. Bmjvgx wk¶v Pvjy Kiv
6. ïivwfwËK miKvi 15. ‡gŠwjK Pvwn`v c~iY Kiv|
7. ivóªxq †KvlvMvi t evqZzjgvj GKwU AvgvbZ 16. bvix AwaKvi cÖwZôv Kiv
8. miKv‡ii `vwqZ¡kxjZv I Revew`wnZv 17. Agymwj‡gi AwaKvi cÖwZôv Kiv|
9. AvB‡bi kvmb cÖwZôv 18. AvKx`v gyZv‡eK Bev`vZ Kiv|
10. wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv 19. hyjyg wbh©vZb eÜ Kiv|
102
Bmjvgx ivóª cÖav‡bi cwiPq, ¸Yvejx, êwkó¨, AwaKvi
Bmjvgx ivóª cÖav‡bi cwiPq t
Kziv‡b 3wU kã cvIqv hvqÑ
1. wLjvdvZ †_‡K Lwjdv-evKviv-30
2. BgvgvZ †_‡K Bgvg ev Avwgi-evKviv-124
3. mvjZvwbqvZ †_‡K myjZvb-nvw`‡m Avm myjZvby wRj-yj-vwn wdj Avi`
Bmjvgx ivóª cÖav‡bi AvBbMZ ¸bvejx|
1. e¨w³ n‡e gymjgvb 3. cÖvß eq¯‹ n‡Z n‡e
2. cyi“l n‡Z n‡e 4. Bmjvgx iv‡óªi Awaevmx n‡Z n‡e|
Bmjvgx ivóª cÖav‡bi êwkó¨/¸bvejx t
1. Cgv‡bi AwaKvix 6. b¨vq-civqYZv I mywePvi-Avw¤^qv-105
2. ivóªxq `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi †hvM¨Zv I cÖwZfv m¤úbœ 7. cyi“l nIqv
3. cÖvß eq¯‹, my¯’ I we‡eK eyw× m¤úbœ 8. AvB‡bi Áv‡b `¶ I cvi`wk© nIqv
4. iv‡óªi ¯’vqx Awaevmx nIqv| 9. Rb¥ m~‡Î cweÎ nIqv
5. ivR‰bwZK `~i`„wó I eyw×gËv m¤úbœ nIqv 10. gvbweKZv m¤úbœ I PwiÎevb
Bmjvgx ivóª cÖav‡bi AwaKvi t

1. Zvi cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ Kiv diR-wbmv-50, 3. Øxb I Av‡Liv‡Zi Rb¨ Zvi wbKU evqvZ MÖnY
2. Zv‡K fvjevmv kZ©Ñ
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi wbe©vnx‡ì ¸Yvejx t
nhiZ Avjxi g‡Z Avj dvivexi g‡Z Bgvg Mv¾vjxi g‡Z
1. †Lv`vfxi“Zv 1. eyw×gËv 1. ah©¨kxj
2. b¨vqcivqYZv 2. DËg gv‡bi ¯§„wZ kw³ 2. webqx
3. mr I mrK‡g©i cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ 3. evwMœZv 3. wnsmv gy³
4. Av¯’vkxjZv 4. b¨vqcivqbZv 4. msKxY©Zv gy³
5. ¶gvkxjZv 5. `„pZv
6. Awf‡hvM kªeYKvix 6. D”Pj I cÖvYešÍ
7. RbM‡Yi Av¯’vfvRb
8. AvZ¥wbqš¿bKvix
9. Bev`Z ¸Rvix
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi Kvh©vejx, `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨

Bmjvgx iv‡óªi Kg©m~Px/ Kvh©vejx t
1. mvjvZ Kv‡hg 7. AvB‡bi kvmb cÖwZôv Kiv
2. hvKvZ wfwËK A_© eë¯’v Kv‡qg 8. bvixi gh©v`v cÖwZôv Kiv
3. gvi“‡di wb‡`©k I gybKvi `gb 9. cÖwZi¶v eë¯’v Kiv
4. gvby‡li Ri“wiqvZ c~iY Kiv 10. msLvjNy‡ì AwaKvi msi¶Y Kiv|
5. Avj-vni AvBb Kvh©Ki Kiv 11. myôz I m¤§vbRbK ê‡`wkK bxwZ AbymiY Kiv
6. Bmjv‡gi cÖPvi cÖmvi Kiv 12. A‰eZwbK wk¶v eë¯’v Pvjy Kiv|
ivm~‡ji g`xbv Bmjvgx iv‡óªi Kvh©vejx mg~n t
1. g`xbv iv‡óªi wfwË ¯’vcb 4. ewn kÎ“i Avµg‡Y 27/28 wU hy× cwiPvjbv
2. msweavb iPbv Kiv 5. iv‡óªi wfwË gReywZi ci we‡`‡k `yZ †cÖiY
3. iv‡óªi wbivcËvi Rb¨ †MvÎcÖxwZ ¯’vcb I †MvÎ
cÖavb‡ì mv‡_ ¯^v¶i
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi `vwhZ¡ I KZ©e¨ t
1. Øxb Bmjv‡gi c~Y© cÖwZôv Kiv
2. ‡`k i¶vi mKj eë¯’v Kiv| Avbdvj-6
3. Avf¨šÍwiY kvwšÍk„sLjv, kvmb I wePvi Bbmvd cÖwZôv Kiv|
4. bvMwiK‡ì bvMwiK AwaKvi msi¶Y Kiv|
5. mKj bvMwi‡Ki †gŠwjK AwaKvi c~iY Kiv|
103
6. Avf¨šÍixY †hvMv‡hvM eë¯’v-iv¯Ív, †ij c_, wegvb I †Uwj‡dvb †hvMv‡hvM|
7. ê‡`wkK evwYR¨ Avg`vbx I ißvbxi Rb¨ hvbevnb, e›ì, Lvj, Kzc Lbb, euva wbg©vY I hš¿cvwZi eë¯’v Kiv|
8. K…wlKv‡Ri Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ †m‡Pi eë¯’v, cyKzi Lbb, Lvj Kzc Lbb, euva wbg©vY I hš¿cvwZi eë¯’v Kiv|
9. cÖ‡qvRbxq wk‡íi Dbœqb, Drcv`b, eÈb I Rxeb hvÎvi gvb Dbœqb Kiv|
10. ‰e‡`wkK m¤úK© ¯’vc‡b ivóª`~Z wb‡qvM, gymvwdiLvbv ¯’vcb, hvZvqvZ eë¯’vi DbœwZ
11. f~wg, eb, RsMj BZ¨vw` I RvZxq m¤ú` msi¶Y Kiv|
12. nhiZ Igi-GK iv‡Î gq`vi e¯Ív enb K‡i GK e„× †jv‡Ki evmvq w`‡Z †M‡j nhiZ AveŸvm †`‡L e‡jb
Avgv‡K †`b, ZLb Igi e‡jb-jv Iqvj-vwn jv Zvnwgjy RvivAvwg IqvRyjgx BqvDwg` Øxb-A_©vr Avj-vni
kc_; wePv‡ii w`b Zzwg Avgvi Aciva I hyjy‡gi †evSv enb Ki‡e bv|
Bmjvgx iv‡óª bvMwiK‡ì KZ©e¨, mvgvwRK, ivR‰bwZK I A_©‰bwZK AwaKvi
K. bvMwiK‡ì KZ©e¨ t
1. iv‡óªi AvbyMZ¨ ¯^xKvi Kiv 6. Ki cÖ`vb Kiv
2. iv‡óªi wek„sLjv m„wó bv Kiv| 7. ivóªxq `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv
3. iv‡óªi ¶wZKi Kv‡R wjß bv nIqv 8. Rb‡mev Kiv
4. mr Kv‡R iv‡óªi mn‡hvwMZvKiv 9. mZZvi mv‡_ ivq cÖ`vb Kiv
5. iv‡óªi ¯^vaxbZv-mve©‡fŠgZ¡ i¶v Kiv 10. iv‡óªi AvBb †g‡b Pjv|
L. mvgvwRK AwaKvi t
1. euvPvi AwaKvi 6. Ryjyg wbh©vZ‡bi cÖwZev` Kivi AwaKvi
2. m¤ú` †fv‡Mi AwaKvi 7. agx©q ¯^vaxbZv
3. evm¯’v‡bi AwaKvi 8. evK ¯^vaxbZv
4. e¨w³ m¤§v‡bi AwaKvi 9. AvBbMZ mv‡gï AwaKvi
5. mvgvwRK wbivcËvi AwaKvi 10. my-wPwKrmvi AwaKvi
L. ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi t
1. gZvgZ cÖ`v‡bi AwaKvi 6. b¨v‡qi Av‡`k I Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev` Kivi
2. †fvU `v‡bi AwaKvi AwaKvi
3. wbe©vP‡b cÖv_x© nIqvi AwaKvi 7. msMV‡bi ¯^vaxbZvi AwaKvi
4. mgv‡jvPbv Kivi AwaKvi 8. mfv-mwgwZi AwaKvi
5. Awf‡hvc †ck Kivi AwaKvi 9. Ryjyg wbh©vZ‡bi cÖwZev` Kivi AwaKvi
M. ivR‰bwZK AwaKvi t
1. iv‡óªi A_©‰bwZK Dcvq-Dcv`vb †_‡K DcK…Z nIqvi AwaKvi
2. †ckv wbe©vP‡bi AwaKvi
3. PvKzix Kivi AwaKvi
4. †gŠwjK Pvwn`v cyi‡Yi AwaKvi
Bmjvgx ivóª cÖav‡bi my‡hvM-myweav, `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨, c`Pz¨wZ
1. Bmjvgx ivóª cÖav‡bi my‡hvM-myweav t m~iv wbmv-6 ivmyj‡K (mv) ¯¿xMY Rxeb hvÎvi gvb evov‡Z ej‡j wZwb
Avjv`v n‡q GKgvm GKvKx KvUvb
2. Avey eKi (iv) cÖ_g w`‡K †KvlvMvi †_‡K wKQy bv wb‡q eëmv Ki‡Zb|
3. Igi‡K Rvgv j¤^v nIqvi KviY `k©v‡Z n‡qwQ‡jv|
4. Igi web Avãyj AvwRR wKQyB MÖnY Ki‡Zb bv|
5. AwaKvsk bex ivm~j Uzwc †mjvB, Kziv‡bi Kwc bKj Ki‡Zb|
Bmjvgx ivóª cÖav‡bi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ t
1. Øx‡bi cÖPvi I cÖmvi, ¯’vwqZ¡ I Dbœqb g~jK Kg©KvÊ cwiPvjbv Kiv|
2. Øx‡bi g~j wfwË-mvjvZ, †ivRv, n¾, hvKvZ cÖwZôZ ivLv †Kvb cÖKvi MvdjwZ bv Kiv|
3. Bmjvgx kvmb cÖwZôv I AvBb ˆZix Kiv|
4. weev`gvb c¶ mg~‡ni Dci Avjvni AvBb w`‡q wePvi wggvsmv Kiv|
5. mKj bvMwi‡Ki êa ¯^Ë cÖwZwôZ Kiv Ges †eAvBbxfv‡e `Lj bv Kiv|
6. kvw¯Íi weavb Z_v †Kmvm I nÏ Kvh©Ki Kiv|
7. mgv‡Ri †jvK‡ì Rvb gv‡ji †ndvRZ Kiv Ges ¯’vqxfv‡e kvwšÍ cÖwZwôZ Kiv|
8. mgv‡Ri wfZi evB‡i Avgi wej gvi“d I †bnx Avwbj gybKvi Pvjy Kiv|
9. ewnivµgb †_‡K †`‡ki cÖwZwU BwÂ gvwU‡K †ndvRZ Kivi eë¯’v Pvjy Kiv|
104
10. Bmjvg I gymwjg‡ì kÎ“‡ì wei“‡× wRnv` hveZxq KZ©e¨ cvjb Kiv|
11. Ki, LvRbv, †U· I Ab¨vb¨ Avq mg~n mwVKfv‡e Av`vq Kiv|
12. evqZzjgvj h_vh_ msi¶Y Kiv|
13. ivRKxq Kv‡R `vwqZ¡kxj e¨w³ wbhy³ Kiv|
14. mKj RvZxq I mvgwóK Kv‡R cÖZ¨¶fv‡e RwoZ n‡q cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZ wbqš¿Y Kiv|
5 Rb bex ivóªcwZ wQ‡jb t
1. nhiZ hyjKviYvBb Av. 4. nhiZ myjvBgvb Av.
2. nhiZ Bdmyd Av. 5. nhiZ gynv¤§` mv.
3. nhiZ `vD` Av.
G QvovI 1. nhiZ ZvjyZ‡K ivRZ¡-Bbœvjvn K¡v` evqvmv jvKzg ZvjyZv gvwiKv-evKviv-247, 2. nhiZ Beªvnxg‡K
†bZ…Z¡ w`‡qwQ‡jb-Bwbœ RvwqjyKv wjbœvwm Bgvgv-evKviv-124,
GB 7Rb‡K Bmjvgx wPšÍvavivi g‡Wj wnmv‡e wb‡Z cvwi|
Bmjvgx ivóª cÖav‡bi c`Pz¨wZ t
1. Rbmvavi‡Yi AwaKvi Av`vq bv K‡i Zv‡ì Dci Ryjyg Ki‡j
2. Rbc`‡K Avjvni bvdigvbx Kivi wb‡`©k †`b
3. wZwb Am”PwiÎ nb, cÖKv‡k¨ Mwn©Z KvR K‡ib
4. hw` Bmjv‡gi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© AviKvb mg~n cvjb bv K‡ib
5.Bmjvgx kvmbZ‡š¿i cwieZ©b K‡i Bmjvg we‡ivax Kvh©vejx cÖ‡ek Kiv‡j
Bmjvgx ivóª I AvaywbK iv‡óªi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv t
cv_©‡Kï wfwË Bmjvgx ivóª AvaywbK ivóª
¶gZvi Drm ¶gZvi Drm GKgvÎ Avj-vn RbMY ¶gZvi Drm
mve©‡fŠgZ¡ gvwjK GKgvÎ Avj-vni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ RbM‡Yi
ag© I ivRbxwZ ag© I ivóª GKxf~Z ag© I ivóª c„_K: GK n‡Z cv‡ibv
Revew`nxZv PZz_©gyLx t we‡eK, Da©Zb, RbMY, I ïay RbM‡Yi wbKU Revew`nx Kiv
Avj-vni wbKU
AvBb cÖYqb kixqvi mv‡_ mvsNwl©K AvBb cvj©v‡g‡›U cvj©v‡g‡›U mKj AvBb cÖYqb
cvk n‡e bv Ki‡Z cv‡i
KvVv‡gvMZ Bmjvgx Av`‡k© cÖwZwôZ, RbKj¨vY gyjK ag©nxb, †mKzjvi, RvZxqZvev`x
MYZvwš¿K ivóª
wbe©vPb mvaviYZ t cÖv_x© _vK‡ebv, ¯^vaxb wbw`©ó cÖv_x© _v‡K, G‡Z g‡Zi
gZvg‡Zi cÖwZdjb n‡e cÖwZcjb bvI n‡Z cv‡i
‡bZ…Z¡ wbe©vPb Cgvb`vi mr I †hvM¨ nIqv kZ© ‡h †KD cÖv_x© n‡Z cvi‡e
wePvi eë¯’v AvB‡bi Aax‡b m¤ú~Y© ¯^vaxb gvbe iwPZ AvB‡b wePvi nq
ab fvÊvi A‡_©i gvwjK Avjvni I RbMY ¶gZvmxb †jv‡Ki gZvg‡Z
cwiPvwjZ
cÖkvmwbK bxwZgvjv I Revew`nxi Abyf~wZ wb‡q cÖkvmb wbišÍi cywRev`x Avgj eë¯’vi t Kv‡qgx
c×wZ Kvh©Ki _vK‡e ¯^v_©ev`x‡ì †`ŠivZ¡
Bmjvgx ivóª I gymwjg iv‡óªi cv_©K¨ t

Bmjvgx ivóª gymwjg ivóª
m½v t gvIjvbv gI`y`xi g‡Z-KziAvb-mybœvni m½v t Wt Lyikx` Avng‡ì g‡Z-gymwjg kvmK Øviv
Av‡jv‡K cwiPvwjZ ivóª‡K Bmjvgx ivóª e‡j kvwmZ/cwiPvwjZ ivóª‡K gymwjg ivóª e‡j
kixqv n‡”Q iv‡óªi m‡e©v”P AvBb (KziAvb) gvbe iwPZ AvBb ØvivB ivóª cwiPvwjZ n‡e
Avjvni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ ¯^xK…Z n‡e RbM‡Yi mve©‡fŠgZ¡ ¯^xK…Z _vK‡e
ivóª Av`k©/ag© n‡e GKgvÎ Bmjvg ag© e¨w³MZ e¨vcvi gvÎ| ivóªxq Av`k© _vK‡e bv
ivóª wbe©vnxMY Avjvn, RbMY I we‡e‡Ki wbKU Avjvni Kv‡Q Revew`nxi Abyf~wZ mwµq _v‡K bv
Revew`wni Abyf~wZ wb‡q `vwqZ¡ cvjb
Bmjvg cÖwZôv KivB ivóªxq `vwqZ¡ Bmjvg ev¯Íevqb Kiv ivóªxq `vwqZ¡ bq
Bmjvgx Av`‡k© wek¦vmx †bZ…Z¡ Øviv cwiPvwjZ ‡h †Kvb Av`‡k© wek¦vmx †bZ…Z¡ Øviv cwiPvwjZ nq
105
Bmjvgx iv‡óª Agymwjg I wRw¤§‡ì AwaKvi
K. Agymwj‡gi mvaviY AwaKvi t
1. Rv‡bi wbivcËv 7. N‡ivqv Kg©Kv‡Êi ¯^vaxbZv
2. gv‡ji wbivcËv 8. agx©q Abyôvb ¯^vaxbZv
3. m¤§v‡bi †ndvRZ 9. Ki cÖ`v‡bi myweav
4. wPi¯’vqx wbivcËv 10. evK ¯^vaxbZv, wjLvi ¯^vaxbZv
5. ‡Ìqvbx AvBb 11. PvKix jv‡fi AwaKvi
6. ‡dŠR`vix `Êwewa 12. A_©‰bwZK Kg©KvÊ AwaKvi
L. wRw¤§‡ì AwaKvi t
1. gymjgvb‡ì mgvb AwaKvi 4. wRnv‡` †hvM w`‡Z eva¨ bv Kiv
2. wbR ag© cvj‡bi wePv‡ii †¶‡Î mgvb AwaKvi 5. ¸i“Z¡c~Y© c` e¨ZxZ mKj miKvix †emiKvix
3. †gŠwjK AwaKvi mg~n wbwðZKiY c‡` wb‡qvM
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi AvB‡bi Drm t
Bmjvgx AvB‡bi Drm t 2 fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq t
(K) cÖavb Drm mg~n
1. Avj Kzivb 2. Avj nvw`m 3. BRgv 4. wKqvm
(L) m¤úyiK Drm mg~n t
1. BmwZnmvb-weavb m½Z b¨vq civqbZv‡K e‡j|
2. BmwZ`jvj-hyw³ wbwY©Z wm×všÍ‡K e‡j|
3. BmwZmvjvn-RbKj¨vY g~jK ev RbwnZKi ev Rb¯^v_© bxwZ| Gi cÖe³v Bgvg gvwjK
4. BmwZmnvi-AZxZ kixq‡Zi †h weavb †hfv‡e wQj †m ûKzg‡K †mfv‡e ivLv‡K e‡j| gymjvnv gyimvjv-Ggb cÖwZwU
Kj¨vY, †h wel‡q kixqZ `vZvi c¶ †_‡K Ggb †Kvb AKvU¨ cÖgvY †cŠQvqwb, hv Zv‡K MY¨ Kivi Avnevb Rvbvq,
hvi Dci wfwË K‡i wKqvm Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
ag© I ivRbxwZi m¤úK©
K. ag© I ivRbxwZ IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e RwoZÑ
1. Kziv‡bi 4fv‡Mi 1 fvM ivRbxwZi AvqvZ
2. ¶gZv nv‡Z bv _vK‡j †Lv`vqx kvmb Kv‡qg nq bv
3. ivmyj gv°vq 13 eQi ivóª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb
4. hLb g`xbvq ivóª ¶gZv nv‡Z Av‡m ZLbB Bmjvg cÖPvi I cÖmvi m¤¢e nq
5. gymjgvbiv ivóªxq ¶gZv nviv‡jv, †jR ¸wU‡q Avevi Avie f~L‡Ê mxgve× n‡jv
6. 1492 mvj †_‡K †¯ú‡b K‡W©vevi nvgivDj Avmv` †_‡K Avhv‡bi aŸwb Avi Av‡m bv
7. A_P ga¨ Gwkqv‡K weÁv‡bi Rb¥ f~wg ejv nq|
L. ag© I ivRbxwZ m¤ú‡K© GK †kªYxi Av‡j‡gi aviYv t
1. Zv‡ì aviYv-Avj Bmjvg Øxbyb hvKvZ, Iqv, jvBmv `vBjvZzb
2. Bmjvg a‡g©i bvg, ivRbxwZi bvg bq, Zviv Zmwen Zvnwjj‡KB Bmjvg g‡b K‡i
3. Avjvgv BKevj e‡j‡Qb-Bmjvgx ûKzgZ Abykxj‡bi cwie‡Z© †h w`b †_‡K gymjgvb‡ì nv‡Z Zvmwen Abykxjb
n‡q‡Q, †m w`b †_‡K gymjgvb‡ì cZb ïi“ n‡q‡Q|
M. ag© †_‡K ivRbxwZ wew”Qbœ nIqvi BwZnvm t
1. Dmgv‡bi kvnv`v‡Zi ci wmdwd‡bi hy‡× 10 nvRvi mvnvex kvnv`Z eiY K‡i
2. Bnv weagx©i mv‡_ hy×/ ag© hy× wQ‡jv bv, ZvB wKQy mvnvex ivRbxwZ †_‡K gy³ _v‡K
3. G my‡hv‡M gybv‡dK Avãyjvn Be‡b mvevn, Bû`x Pµ, Lv‡iRxiv AmsL¨ Rvj nvw`m iPbv K‡i ag© †_‡K
ivRbxwZ‡K Avjv`v †Ki|
4. mvaviY †jvK I mywdiv Gi wkKvi n‡q GK`j Av‡jg L„óvb P‡µi Kv‡Q wewµ n‡q hvq
5. 1921 mv‡j Zzi‡¯‹i G‡m¤^wj‡Z †NvlYv Kiv nq-RbMY mve©‡fŠg ¶gZvi AwaKvix,
6. wLjvdZ GKwU ivR‰bwZK cÖwZôvb, Lwjdvi †Kvb ivR‰bwZK ¶gZv †bB
7. G mKj d‡Zvqv‡Zv Dw¾exZ n‡q 1924 mv‡j 1 gvP© gy¯Ívdv Kvgvj AvZvZzK© G‡m¤^wj‡Z †kl Dmgvbx myjZvb
Avãyj gwR`‡K c`Pz¨Z K‡i ¯^cwiev‡i myBRvij¨v‡Ê wbe©vmb w`‡q ag© wbi‡c¶ iv‡óªi †Mvov cËb| nq| Gici
†_‡K gymwjg we‡k¦ 3wU aviYv AbycÖ‡ek K‡i
K. RbMY me©gq ¶gZvi AwaKvix
L. a‡g©i mv‡_ ivRbxwZi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB
106
M. RvZxqZv wfwËK ivóª MVb Kiv hvq
eZ©gvb wek¦ eë¯’v 3wU gyj wfwËi Dci cÖwZwôZ t
Z_v †MvUv `vk©wbK, ˆbwZK, mvgvwRK, ivR‰bwZK I A_©‰bwZK eë¯’v-
1. Secularism- ag©wbi‡c¶Zv ev ag©nxb RvMwZKZv
2. NationalismÑ RvwZqZvev` ev RvwZ c~Rv
3. Democracy Ñ RbM‡Yi kvmb ev RbM‡Yi mve©‡fŠgZ¡- GB wZbwUi mv‡_ Bmjv‡gi we‡iva Av‡Q|
Bmjv‡gi Kj¨vYagx© wZbwU g~jbxwZ t
1. ag© wbi‡c¶Zv ev ag©nxbZvi cwie‡Z© Avjvni `vmZ¡
2. RvwZqZvev` ev RvwZ c~Rvi cwie‡Z© gvbeZvev`
3. RbM‡Yi kvm‡bi cwie‡Z© Avjvni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ ev RbM‡Yi cÖwZwbwaZ¡
Bmjvgx wLjvdZ wKfv‡e iwnZ n‡q ivRZ‡š¿ cwieZ©b n‡jv
1. `v‡g¯‹‡K DgvBqv †LjvdZ t
1. 661/41 wn. Avjxi g„Zzï ci gyqvweqv DgvBqv es‡ki ¯^‡NvwlZ Lwjdv nb|
2. wZwbB cÖ_g DËivwaKvi m~‡Î Lwjdv wb‡qvM cÖ_v Pvjy K‡ib|
3. `v‡g¯‹‡K †K›`ª K‡i 750/132 wn.ch©šÍ DgvBqv kvm‡b 14 Rb Lwjdv AwZevwnZ nq
4. cÖ_g Lwjdv gyqvweqv Avi †kl Lwjdv wQ‡jb gvIqvb|
2. evM`v‡` AveŸvwmq wLjvdZ t
1. AveŸvmxq wLjvdZ P‡j 750 mvj/132 wn †_‡K 656 wn/ 1258 mvj ch©šÍ
2. AveŸvwmq wLjvd‡Zi cÖwZôvZv Avm&mvd&dv Aveyj AveŸvm Avãyjvn|
3. `xN© kvm‡b 37 Lwjdv AwZevwnZ nq|
4. cÖ_g Aveyj AveŸvm †kl Lwjdv gy¯Ívwmg wejvn
5. 656 wn./1258 mv‡i †Pw½m Lv‡bi eskai nvjvKz Lvb Øviv cZb nq|
6. evM`v‡ì 20 j¶ †jv‡Ki g‡a¨ 16 j¶ †jvK nZ¨v Kiv nq|
7. Igi web Avãyj AvwRR Qvov A‡bK DgvBqv kvmK‡ì Kei †_‡K nvo Zz‡j R¡vwj‡q †`b|
3. wgk‡i dv‡Zgx wLjvdZ t
1. nhiZ dvwZgvi eskai ev mg_©K‡ì‡K dv‡Zgx kvmK e‡j|
2. AveŸvwmqiv G‡ì mn‡hvwMZv wb‡q ¶gZv MÖnY K‡i Zv‡ì Dci wbh©vZb Pvjvq|
3. †m `yt‡L wgk‡i Zviv 296 wn. 908 mv‡j dv‡Zgx kvmb Pvjy K‡i|
4. Zv‡ì 14 Rb Lwjdv AwZevwnZ nq|
5. cÖ_g Lwjdv Avj gvn`x DevB`yjvn Avi †kl Lwjdv Avj Avwm` wj Øxwbjvn|
4. K‡W©vfvq (†¯ú‡b) DgvBqv wLjvdZ t
1. 138 wn/ 756 mv‡j K‡W©vfvq Avãyi ingvb AvÏvwLj cybivq DgvBqv wLjvdZ cÖwZôv K‡i
2. 24Rb gymwjg Lwjdv †mLv‡b 1 nvRvi eQi kvmbKvh© cwiPvjbv K‡ib|
3. 1492 mv‡j ¶gZv L„÷vb‡ì nv‡Z P‡j †M‡j gymwjg wLjvd‡Zi †kl wPýUzKz gy‡Q hvq
5. wLjvdZ iwnZ KiY t (wLjvdZ ïi“ 11 wn. Avi †kl1343 wn./ 1943 mvj)
1. cÖ_g Lwjdv nhiZ Avey eKi (iv) 11 wn./632 †kl nq wØZxq Avãyj AwRR 1343 wn/ 1924 mv‡ji 1 gvP© Gi
gva¨‡g|
2. †m Abycv‡Z 1332 eQi ch©šÍ c„w_ex‡Z Bmjvgx kvmb wQ‡jv|
3. 1258 mv‡j evM`v` cZ‡bi ci mv‡o 4 eQi gymwjg we‡k¦ Bmjvgx kvmb k~b¨ wQ‡jv|
4. ZvB wgk‡ii gvgjyK evBevim AveŸvwmq Lwjdv hvwn‡ii cyÎ gy¯Ívbwmi‡K 660 wn./1261 mv‡j Kvq‡iv‡Z gymwjg
Lwjdv wnmv‡e †NvlYv Kiv nq|
5. 1517 mv‡j Dmgvbxq ZzKx© myjZvb †mwjg weRqx †e‡k Kvq‡iv‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i, †kl AveŸvwmq Lwjdv Avng`‡K
Kb÷vBbwUc‡ji gmwR` Avqv‡mvwcqvq G‡b Lwjdv c`wU MÖnY K‡ib
6. †mB mgq gymjgvbiv ¯^cœ †`L‡Zv Avevi gymwjg we‡k¦ wLjvdZ eë¯’v cÖwZôvi|
7. †hgb-gvIjvbv RvgvjywÏb AvdMvbx, gvIjvbv gynv¤§` Avjx, gvIjvbv mIKZ Avjx|
8.1924 mv‡j ZzKx© †bZv Kvgvj AvZvZzK© a‡g©i mv‡_ wLjvd‡Zi ev Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB e‡j Awf‡hvM G‡b
Lwjdvi c`wU wPiZ‡i gy‡Q †`b|
9.me©‡kl Lwjdv wQ‡jb wØZxq Avãyj AvwRR, whwb ivm~‡ji ci 100 Zg Lwjdv wQ‡jb|
107
43. Bmjv‡g †bZ…Z¡
(Leadership in Islam)
* †bZ…Z¡ Avjvn Zvqvjvi Lvm †bqvgZ|
* wKQy msL¨K wbe©vwPZ e¨w³ G †bqvgZ jvf K‡ib|
* wZwb wb‡R AMÖmi n‡eb Ges w`Kwb‡`©kbv w`‡eb|
†bZ…‡Z¡i A_© t
1. Bgvg 2. Lwjdv 3. Avwgi
* Lwjdv
* LwjdvZzj-vn
Representative, On behalf of Allah (Sw)
* LwjdvZzj gymwjwgb [Representive of general people.]
* Bgvg
mvaviY A_©-†bZv
wZbwU A_© t
1. whwb mvg‡b P‡jb|
2. wb‡`©k `vbKvix|
3. mevi c~‡e© wb‡`©k ev¯Íevqb K‡ib|
* Avgxi
evsjv A_©-Av‡`k`vZv
Avjvni ûKzg w`‡eb (Just transformation)
# †bZ„‡Z¡i gvb`Ê t
evsjv‡`‡k †bZ…‡Z¡i gvb`Ê
ÑMÖ“c eo Ñ e³…Zv mvsNvwZK fvj
Ñ A_© †ewk Ñ `vcU Av‡Q|
Bmjvgx t
1. Av`‡k©i gv‡b DbœxZ n‡Z n‡e|
[hvi ZvKIqv mePvB‡Z †ewk]
2. Av`‡k©i gv‡b DbœxZ nIqvi ¯^Ztù~Z© ¯^xK„wZ [By the members of the country]
* Cgv‡bi cÖ‡Z¨K kvLvi Ávb AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
* Cgv‡bi cix¶vq DËxY© n‡Z n‡e|
# †bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¨ Acwinvh© ¸b t
1. Rbkw³i gv‡S Awfbœ wPšÍvi cÖwZdjb (wPšÍvi HK¨)
wPšÍvi HK¨ (Avjvni Rb¨ `vIqvZ wimvjv‡Zi `vIqvZ Av‡Liv‡Zi `vIqvZ)|
2. mdjZv m¤ú‡K© Clear Conception
3. e¨w³i RvbœvZ
4. Av‡›`vjb-Bmjvgx ivóª|
# †bZ…‡Z¡i mvaviY ¸Yvejx t
1. KziAvb-nv`x‡mi AšÍwbwn©Z fve Dcjwä Kivi ¶gZv
2. Bmjvg I AvaywbK Áv‡b cvi`wk©Zv|
3. mgmvgwqK cwiw¯’wZi my¯úó Lei ivLv|
4. HwZnvwmK NUbvejx
Ñ gvbe mf¨Zvi DÌvb cZb|
Ñ bex-ivm~j I mvnvex‡ì BwZnvm
5. Rbkw³ m¤ú‡K© Clear observations. Kv‡K †Kv_vq Set Ki‡Z n‡e Zv eyS‡Z n‡e|
6. Management power
Ñmgq Ñ A_©
7. e¨_©Zvi KviY wPwýZ Kib|
108
# †bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¨ gvbexq ¸b t
1. cwikªgwcÖqZv| 10. DËg eënvi|
2. KómwnòzZv Ñ†cÖibv`vqK|
3. weP¶YZv (Wisdom) Ñ BwZevPK
4. A`g¨ mvnm| Ñ K_vevZ©v mshZ|
5. D`viwPËZv| Ñ ¯’vb, Kvj, cvÎ we‡ePbv K‡i|
6. axiwPËZv| Ñ gb Lvivc n‡jI eënvi fvj n‡e|
7. Z¨vMx g‡bvfve| 11. wbôvevb|
8. wbqgvbyewZ©Zv| 12. AvgvbZ`vi|
9. evM¥xZv (ZË¡ I Z_¨wfwËK)| 13. mgv‡jvPbv nRg Kivi ¶gZv|
14. gy³ wPšÍv Kivi kw³|
44. msMVb cwiPvjbv

 Dgi Bebyj LvËve (ivt) e‡jbÑ
msMVb Qvov Bmjvg †bB|
 eZ©gvb we‡k¦i weivRgvb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Abyf~Z n‡”Q msMV‡bi ¸i“Z¡, cÖ‡qvRbxqZv, cÖfve|
 beyIq¨‡Zi lô mv‡j 9wU †MvÎ GKwÎZ n‡q ivm~‡ji (mt) wei“‡× Pzw³ K‡i ivm~j‡K eqKU K‡i| 5 Rb
hye‡Ki mw¤§wjZ †KŠkjx f~wgKvq eqK‡Ui Aemvb N‡U| G †_‡K eySv hvq msMV‡bi ¸i“Z¡|
 msNe× Rb †Mvôx GK weivU kw³| `ywbqvq civkw³¸‡jv AvR msNe× gymjgvb‡ì fq cv‡”Q| 130 †KvwU
gymjgvb bq-Zv‡ì fq K‡qK jvL RvgvZe× gymjgvb wb‡q|
msMVb t GKwÎZ nIqv, Rgv‡qZ nIqv, msMwVZ nIqv BZ¨vw`|
†Kvb GKwU j¶¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L GKRb †bZvi †bZ…‡Z¡ wKQy †jv‡Ki GKwÎZ nIqv‡K msMVb e‡j|
Bs‡iRx‡Z- Organization, Organ-Body (A½ I kixi)
msMV‡bi Dcv`vb t 1. Rbkw³ 2. †bZ…Z¡ 3. wbqg bxwZ
msMV‡bi ¸i“Z¡ t
1. j¶¨ D‡Ï‡kï w`‡K Rbkw³‡K †Kb`ªxf~Z Kiv|
2. i“nvbx w`‡Ki cÖwZ ¸i“Z¡ †`qv
3. g~j Bmy¨‡K cÖvavb¨ †`hv (ZvInx`, †imvjvZ, Av‡LivZ)
4. cwieZ©b Kivi gZ †jvK ˆZix (†gŠwjK gvbexq ¸Y m¤úbœ)
5. Rbkw³i Av`wk©K w`‡K †gvwU‡fkb
 Av`wk©K Ávb
 Av`‡k©i Dc¯’vcb
msMVb cwiPvjbvq cÖ‡qvRb t
cwiKíbv MÖnY t
 fvimvg¨ c~Y© (Rbkw³, A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v, we‡ivax kw³ I cwicvwk¦K Ae¯’vi Av‡jv‡K)
 `xN© †gqv`x/ ¯^í †gqv`x
ev¯Íevqb/eÈb t (Rbkw³i gv‡bi Av‡jv‡K)
ZZ¡veavb t
 Î“wU cwijw¶Z n‡j `~i Kiv  Kv‡Ri Av‡jv‡K `ye©jZv wPwýZ K‡i `~i Kiv
wi‡cvwU©s t
 gq`v‡bi mwVK wPÎ Zz‡j aiv  e¯‘wbô I mwVK wi‡cvU© †`qv
ch©v‡jvPbv t (mwVK KviY wPwýZ Kiv)
cwiPvj‡Ki Acwinvh© ¸Yvejx t
1. Áv‡bi †¶‡Î †kªôZ¡
109
 KziAvb I nvw`‡mi AšÍwb©wnZ Ávb AR©b  HwZnvwmK NUbvejx
Kiv (Igi ivt Ljxdv nIqvi ci †`vqv)  Rbkw³ I gq`vb
 Bmjvg I AvaywbK Ávb
 mgmvgwqK cwiw¯’wZ
2. g¨v‡bR‡g›U
* mgqgZ KvR * fvimvg¨c~Y©
* cÖvavb¨Zvi Av‡jv‡K KvR wba©viY
3. cÖÁv t
* gb¯ÍË Abyaveb * cwiw¯’wZ †gvKv‡ejv (ivR‰bwZK, K¨v¤úvm, Avf¨šÍixY)
* wbR Kv‡Ri c×wZ fvjfv‡e Rvbv * Øx‡bi LywUbvwU welq Rvbv|
4. Revew`wnZv t
* Avj-vni wbKU
* msMV‡bi wbKU (Rbkw³ I `vwqZ¡kx‡ji wbKU)
* wb‡Ri we‡eK
5. Avjvni mv‡_ m¤úK© t
* †gŠwjK Bev`Zmg~n AZ¨šÍ †Lv`vfxwZi mv‡_ cvjb
* bdj Bev`‡Zi cÖwZ ¸i“Z¡ `vb (bvgvR, †ivhv, A_© `vb)
* Avjvni wbKU †`vqv Kiv
cwiPvj‡Ki Ab¨vb¨ ¸Yvejx t
1. cwikªgwcÖqZv 8. wbqgvbyewZ©Zv 12. AvgvbZ`vi (Rbkw³,
2. KómwnòzZv 9. evM¥xZv †Uwj‡dvb, †gvevBj, hvbevnb
3. mvnwmKZv 10. DËg eënvi Ab¨vb¨ m¤ú`)
4. weP¶YZv/`~i`wk©Zv * †cÖiYv`vqK 13. mgv‡jvPbv nRg Kiv
5. D`vi wPšÍv * mshZ K_v 14. Rbkw³ g~j¨vqb (eqm,
6. w¯’i wPËZv * ¶gv AwfÁZv, wk¶v)
7. Z¨vMx g‡bvfve 11. wbôvevb 15. b¨vqcivqbZv
cieZx© `vwqZ¡kxj ˆZix t
* †jvK evQvB (avivevwnKZvi Av‡jv‡K) * KvR †kLv‡bv
* wbexo ZË¡veavb * MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv ˆZix
* Î“wU `~ixKiY * mv‡_ †i‡L KvR Kiv‡bv
1. cwi‡ek
1. cwi‡ek e¨ZxZ †Kvb cÖvYx euvP‡Z cv‡i bv| 4. ZvB gvbyl ˆZixi Rb¨ cwi‡ek †gŠwjK kZ©|
2. cwi‡ek Abyhvqx †jvK ˆZix nq| 5. cwi‡ek hZ fvj I DbœZ nq ZZB fvj gvbyl ˆZix
3. ‡jvK Abyhvqx cwi‡ek ˆZix nq bv| nq|
2. cwi‡ek ej‡Z wK eywS t
* Oxford Dictionary †Z ejv n‡q‡Q
Ñ Sorrounding and conditions in which people. A_©- PZzcvk¦© Ges Zvi Ae¯’v †hLv‡b gvbyl emevm
K‡i|
* Avgiv mvaviYZt Avgv‡ì Pvicv‡k hv wKQy Av‡Q Zv‡K wb‡q cwi‡ek ewj|
* mvsMVwbK cwiwa Ges Zvi Ae¯’v †hLv‡b Kgx©, mv_x, m`m¨ ev †bZv Kgx© emevm K‡i|
* mvsMVwbKfv‡e Avgv‡ì Pvicv‡k Av‡QÑ
Ñ mg_©K, Kgx©, mv_x, m`m¨ I ïfvKvsLx|
1. `vwqZ¡kxj > Kgx©|
2. Kgx© > `vwqZ¡kxj|
3. `vwqZ¡kxj I Kgx© > mvaviY Gi mv‡_| (mg_©K, ïfvKvsLx|)
3. mvsMVwbK cwi‡ek ej‡Z Avgiv †Kvb cwi‡ek‡K eySvv‡ev t
1. HwZn¨ msi¶Y Kiv| 3. fvimvg¨c~Y© Kg©m~Px cvjb|
2. msMV‡bi Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZ AbyKiY 4. cvi¯úwiK åvZ…Zc ¡ ~Y© cwi‡ek|
Kiv| 5. Av‡`k AvbyM‡Zï fvimvg¨ i¶v Kiv|
110
4. Øxb k‡ãi A_© t 4wU A_© cvIqv hvq t
cÖ_gZ t cÖwZ`vb, cÖwZdj ev e`jv,
* dvwZnv-gvwjwK BqvD wg` w`b * BbwdZvi-Kvj-v evj ZzKvw¾eybv we` Øxb
wØZxqZ t AvbyMZ¨ ev ûKzg †g‡b Pjv t
* Bgivb-83-AvdvMvBiv Øxwbj-vwn Bqve¸bv Iqvjvû Avmjvgv
* ûRivZ-3- Avjv wjj&jvwn` Øxwbj Lv‡jm
Z…ZxqZ t Rxeb eë¯’v, AvbyM‡Zï weavb ev c×wZ t
* Bgivb-19-BbœvZ Øxb Bb`vj jvwnj Bmjvg|
* Bgivb-85-IqvgvB BqveZvwM MvBivj Bmjvgx Øxbvb dvjvb BDKevjv wgbû,
* gv‡q`v-3-Avj BqvIgv AvKgvjZz jvKzg ØxbyKzg,
* md-8-wjBDRwnivû Avjv` Øxwb Kzwj-nx
PZz_©Z t wbqg-bxwZ, AvBb Kvbyb, ivóª ev mgvR eë¯’v t
* gygxb-26-IqvKvjv wdiAvDhy Ri“bx Avb AvKZzjy gymv,
* m~iv-Avb AvwKgy` Øxb, Iqvjv ZvZvdvi ivKz wgwn|
5. Øxwb cwi‡ek wbf©i K‡i t
1. †bZv / `vwqZ¡kx‡ji AvPi‡Yi Dci|
2. Kgx©‡ì AvPi‡Yi Dci|
3. †bZv I Kgx©‡ì cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i Dci|
6. Øxwb cwi‡ek msi¶‡Y cÖwZeÜKZv t
1. AvKvk ms¯‹…wZi cÖfve| 2. gvb Avmvi Av‡M gv‡bvbœq‡bi †Póv Kiv|
7. †bZv / `vwqZ¡kx‡ji AvPiY ev f~wgKv n‡e t
1. webªg fvlvq wb‡`©k w`‡eb|
2. †bZ…Z¡ Kgx©‡ì mv‡_ AbvbyôvwbK AvjvcI Ki‡eb|
3. †KvgjZv, D`viZv I ¶gvkxjZvi bxwZ Aej¤^b|
4. mevB‡K mgvb ¸i“Z¡ †`qv I mgvb fvjevmv †`qv|
5. cÖvc¨ Abyhvqx gh©v`v †`qv
6. mKj Rbkw³‡K cÖfve ej‡qi g‡a¨ ivLv|
7. Rbkw³i gv‡bvbœq‡bi avivevwnKZv wVK ivLv|
8. †h †Kvb mgm¨vi Zvr¶wYK mgvavb| G‡¶‡Î †hvM¨ Wv³v‡ii f~wgKvq AeZxY© nIqv|
9. Rbkw³i mv‡_ e¨w³MZ †hvMv‡hvM i¶v Kiv| GUv †hb Mxe‡Zi cwi‡ek bv nq|
10. Gn‡Zmve ev MVb g~jK mgv‡jvPbv Kiv|
11. mKj †¶‡Î mvsMVwbK `„wófsMxi AbymiY Kiv|
12. mKj †¶‡Î msMV‡bi ¯^v_©‡KB cÖavb¨ †`qv|
13. cwi‡ek bóKvix ¸bvejx †_‡K msMVb‡K †ndvRZ Kiv|
14. mvsMVwbK k„sLjv weavb‡K me©vwaK ¸i“Z¡ †`qv|
15. `~i `„wó, †h †Kvb wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡b cieZ©x cwiw¯’wZ Abyaveb Ki‡Z cviv|
16. êV‡Ki wm×všÍ h_vh_ ev¯Íevqb Kiv|
17. wm×všÍ †Kvbfv‡eB †hb evwn‡i bv hvq|
18. civgk© wfwËK wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv|
19. `vwqZ¡kxj evQvB Ki‡Z fzj bv Kiv|
20. `vwqZ¡kxjMY my›ì cwi‡ek msi¶‡b Zx² bRi ivL‡eb|
21. AvÂwjK †PZbv K‡Vvi n‡¯Í `gb Kiv|
22. †Kvb Awf‡hvM ïbv gvÎ KgvÛ bv Kiv|
23. Rbkw³i e³e¨ axiw¯’ifv‡e ïbv|
24. wm×všÍ ev¯Íevq‡b wb‡Ri AMÖYx f~wgKv cvjb Kiv|
8. cwi‡ek webóKvix welq mg~n t
1. Av‡`‡ki my‡i K_v ejv| 4. KzaviYv
2. MxeZ 5. †PvMjLyix
3. wnsmv-we‡Øl 6. KvbvKvwb I wdmwdmvbx,
111
7. †gRv‡Ri fvimvg¨nxbZv 9. mvgwóK fvimvg¨nxbZv
8. GK‡Mu‡qgx 10. msKxY©gbZv|
9. cwi‡ek msi¶‡b mnvqK welq mg~n t
1. `vwqZ¡kxj KZ©„K mKj Rbkw³‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv| 7. Avgv‡ì msweavb AbymiY Kiv|
2. MxeZ gy³ cwi‡ek msi¶Y Kiv| 8. cÖv³b fvB‡ì mv‡_ civgk© Kiv|
3. Kg©m~Px cvj‡b Kg©c×wZi AbymiY Kiv| 9. `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b m‡PZb _vKv|
4. Gn‡ZQv‡ei cÖPjb _vKv| 10. knx`‡ì Rxebx Rvbv I kvnv`v‡Zi †PZbv|
5. Bmjvgx Ávb AR©‡bi cÖPzi eB cy¯K Í _vK‡Z n‡e| 11. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì DËg Avgj I DbœZ AvPiY|
6. wKQy Bmjvgx ¯‹jvi ˆZix Kiv|
10. cwi‡ek msi¶‡Y Avgv‡ì `~e©jZv t
1. â‡h©ï Afve| 8. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì A`~i`k©x gšÍe¨|
2. `ª“Z c`‡¶c bv †bqv| 9. msKxY©Zvi D‡aŸ© DV‡Z bv cviv|
3. Bjg Abyhvqx Avgj bv Kiv| 10. Kg© eÈ‡b mywePvi bv Kiv|
4. †hvM‡hv‡Mi Afve| 11. `vwqZ¡kxj‡ì †jb-†`b Acwi”QbœZv|
5. fzj eySv eywS| 12. h_v mg‡q †cÖvMÖvg ïi“ Ki‡Z bv cviv|
6. mg‡qi AcPq| 13. mKj Rbkw³i mv‡_ Bbmvdc~Y© AvPiY Ki‡Z bv cviv|
7. ZË¡veav‡bi bv‡g mxgv AwZµg Kiv| 14. Bmjv‡gi bxwZ AbymiY bv Kiv|
11. cwi‡ek msi¶Y bv n‡j ¶wZ t
1. msMV‡bi KvVv‡gv †f‡½ c‡o| 5. cÖwZôv‡b wk¶vi cwi‡ek bó nq|
2. msMV‡bi MÖnY †hvM¨Zv n«vm cvq| 6. mvsMVwbK m¤úmviY eÜ n‡q hvq|
3. RvwZ mr I †hvM¨ †bZ…Z¡ †_‡K ewÂZ nq| 7. we‡ivax‡ì AccÖPvi e„w× cvq|
4. mK‡ji gv‡S Bmjvgx `vIqv‡Zi cÖmvi K‡g hvq|
45. msMVb cwiPvjbvq Avgv‡ì wewb‡qvM, cÖZ¨vkv I cÖvwß

* wewb‡qvM t
1. Rbkw³ 3. mgq 5. kªg 7. DcKiY
2. ‡hvM¨Zv 4. A_© 6. ‡gav
* wewb‡qv‡Mi LvZ t
1. Building of Career-[Manpower in all side.] 6. gv‡bvbœqb t g„Zzï AvM ch©šÍ I Avcbvi
2. Rbkw³ ˆZwi| gv‡bvbœqb †kl n‡e bv|
3. Building of chain of leadership. 7. Spreading of Organisation. [msMVb
4. RbMY ˆZix ev MYwfwË iPbv m¤cÖmviY]
5. `vIqvZ 8. mvwnZ¨ mvs¯‹…wZK A½b|
9. QvÎmgm¨vi mgvavb|
10. eyw×wfwËK †¶Î|
Career :
Doctor Social leader M. P
Engineer Chairman,
RbMY ˆZwi t
* gmwR` †_‡K †ei n‡q ïay Avgv‡ì 2/3 Rb Kgx©i mv‡_ K_v ejv bq-mK‡ji mv‡_ cwiwPZ nIqv ìKvi|
* djcÖmy Kivi Rb¨ †gŠwjK welq t
(a) ZË¡veavb, Follow up; Motivation] hZ‡ekx ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KvR, ZZ‡ekx Follow up.
(b) †cÖvMÖv‡g bZzbZ¡ Avbqb|
112
(c) Kv‡Ri ZvwjKv cÖ¯‘Z K‡i AMÖvwaKvi Abyhvqx ev¯Íevqb|
(d) `xN©‡gqv`x I ¯^í‡gqv`x cwiKíbv _vKv I bR‡i _vKv|
(e) Acedemic T. S. ivLv|
(f) Kg©c×wZ Follow Kiv| ev‡e-Lyiig/gyiv`] Kvev kix‡di 99bs ìRv
(g) mKj ch©v‡q `vwqZ¡kxjiv `vIqvZx KvR Kiv
(h) hZUzKz m¤¢e Z_¨ cÖhyw³i eënvi|
46. wewfbœ Kv‡R mgš^q mvab Ges nVvr D™¢~Z mgm¨vi †gvKv‡ejv
Balancing between different activities & solution of acute crisis.
Avgv‡ì KvR t
mvsMVwbK
1. `vIqvZx ZrciZv + cÖKvkbv L. eb¨v, NywY©So|
2. cÖwk¶Yg~jK M. Heavy Rain
3. êVKvw` N. nVvr Avmv KvR
4. AwbqwgZ KvR
K. Retina, MvBW,†jKPvikxU, Suggestion
Ab¨vb¨
 Base Area MVb msµvšÍ KvR  cwiev‡ii KvR
 wk¶v½‡b QvÎmgm¨vi mgvavb msµvšÍ KvR
* e¨w³MZ
1. Academic study
mgš^q mvab t
mvsMVwbK t
1. mKj KvR‡K cwiKíbvi g‡a¨ Avb‡Z n‡e|
2. AMÖvwaKv‡ii wfwË‡Z cwiKíbv‡K mgqwfwËK fvM K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| cwiKíbvi evB‡i h_vm¤¢e Kg KvR w`‡Z n‡e|
3. cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K Kg©eÈb I ZË¡veavb|
4. e¨vcKwfwËK ZË¡eav‡bi gva¨‡g cwiKíbvi KvR¸‡jv wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ †kl Ki‡Z n‡e|
5. †Kvb KvR Qy‡U †Mj wKbv, gv‡mi gvSvgvwS mg‡q ch©v‡jvPbv êV‡K (Kg mg‡qi Rb¨ n‡jI) em‡Z n‡e|
6. nVvr †Kvb Programme G‡m †M‡j, h_vh_ ¸i“‡Z¡i mwnZ Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e|
7. Base Area †K h‡_ó ¸i“‡Z¡i mwnZ †`L‡Z n‡e|
8. wefvMwfwËK Kv‡Ri eÈb eQ‡ii ïi“‡ZB Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡¶‡Î mswkó wel‡q †SuvK cÖeYZv hvi †hw`‡K †mw`‡K
`vwqZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|
9. ch©v‡jvPbv êV‡K wefvMwfwËK Kv‡Ri ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv|
10. UvKvi Afv‡e †Kvb KvR †hb e¨nZ bv nq †mRb¨ Av‡M †_‡KB UvKvi eë¯’v Kiv|
11. kZ e¨¯ÍZvi gv‡SI wb‡Ri Rbkw³i Academic study mvsMVwbK gv‡bvbœqb Ki‡Z n‡e|
Fuel bv _vK‡j BwÄb Pj‡ebv †Zgwb Result fvj bv n‡j msMVb Pj‡ebv|
dR‡ii Nyg nvivg Ki‡Z n‡e|
12. K¨v¤úv‡mi Rbkw³ wn‡m‡e GKwU wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b wbw`©ó mg‡q cÖwZw`b †h‡Z n‡e|
13. cÖwZôvb cÖav‡bi mv‡_ Mfxi m¤úK©, ZvQvov cÖkvmb cªav‡bi mv‡_ Mfxi m¤úK©|
e¨w³MZ t
1. fvimvg¨c~Y© Rxeb MV‡b Af¨¯’ nIqv|
2. mgq‡K AZ¨šÍ ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e|
113
3. †Kvbfv‡eB †hb mgq bó bv nq|
4. mg‡qi KvR mg‡q Ki‡Z n‡e|
5. K‡Vvi cwikªgx n‡Z n‡e; [cwikªg K‡i Avb›` †c‡Z n‡e]
wbôvevb I †ah©¨kxj n‡Z n‡e| [nv-gxg-†mR`v-34]
¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e AvMÖn DÏxcbvi mwnZ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e; Kv‡Ri cÖwZ ì` jvM‡e|
6. cÖwZw`‡bi Kv‡Ri ZvwjKv K‡i KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|
7. hLb hv Ki‡eb g‡bv‡h‡Mi mwnZ AvšÍwiKZvi mwnZ KvR Ki‡eb|
8. †h‡Kvb KvR K‡iB nK Av`vq K‡i cÖwZw`b cÖwZw`‡bi Kv‡Ri AvZ¥ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e|
9. KziAvb-nv`xm-mvnvex‡ì Rxebx Mfxifv‡e Aa¨q‡bi gva¨‡g cÖÁv AR©‡bi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e|
10. †¶Îwe‡k‡l †KŠkj Aej¤^b|
11. m‡e©vcwi Avjvni Dci fimv|
cwiw¯’wZ †gvKv‡ejv t
c~e© cÖ¯‘wZ t
1. fvjfv‡e cwiw¯’wZ eySv| 7. cvk¦©eZx© GjvKvi cÖfvekvjx cwiw¯’wZ mv‡_
2. cÖv_wgK cÖ¯‘wZi eë¯’v _vKv| m¤úK©|
3. MÖ“cwfwËK Dcw¯’wZi eë¯’v| 8. †`‡ki ¸i“Z¡c~Y© D‡ËvRbvKi e¨w³‡Z¡i
4. Information cell + Information m¤ú‡K© †LuvR Lei ivLv Ri“ix|
centre 9. gvgjv cÖ¯‘Z ivLv|
5. mš¿vmx‡ì mv‡_ m¤ú‡K©vbœqb| 10. cwÎKvq msev` †`qv [†cÖm Release] KvwUs
6. Ab¨vb¨ msMV‡bi †bZv‡ì mv‡_ fvj m¤úK© ivLv; cÖ‡qvR‡b Video Kiv|
ˆZwi|
[cÖ‡qvR‡b we‡kl MÖ“c †hb GwM‡q Av‡m]
47. ˆbwZK PwiÎ

Moral stnength; the main strength of Da’ee
gvby‡li `ywU ¯^Ë¡v t
Physical and Moral
ˆRweK gvbweK/ˆbwZK
Ñ†fvM Ki‡Z Pvq - we‡eK
bd‡mi Pvwn`v mxgvnxb fvjg‡›ì wePvi K‡i|
* ˆRweK mËv I ˆbwZK ¯^Ëvi mgš^qB gvbyl|
* ˆRweK mËv cÖvK…wZK weav‡b P‡j/cwiPvwjZ nq|
* wKš‘ ˆbwZK mËv hw` ˆRweK mËvi wb‡`©‡k cwiPvwjZ nq Z‡e †m gvbyl n‡Z cv‡i bv|
* bdm Should be controled by sense (we‡eK)|
ˆbwZK PwiÎ t
e¨w³i mePvB‡Z DbœZ ¸bmg~n hv GKwU RvwZ‡K aŸs‡mi nvZ n‡Z i¶v K‡i, RvwZ‡K DbœwZ, AMÖMwZ, mg„w× Avi
kvwšÍi c‡_ cwiPvwjZ K‡i|
* ˆbwZK PwiÎ RvwZi Rxebxkw³|
Importance of Moral Character :
1. Moral Charecter is the life (strangth) of a nation- Rxebxkw³
2. Even Nabi (sm) said- ÔÔAvwg G‡mwQ ˆbwZK Pwi‡Îi DrKl©Zv mva‡bi Rb¨|Ó
3. A person with good career without morality is like a lion of forest.
4. The identity of a great mumin is a high standard moral characterfull person.
5. To tell a lie creates all sin] It’s the mother of- ¸bvn [wg_¨v ¸bvni gv]
114
6. hvi Pwi‡Îi cvjv fvix, AwLiv‡Z Zvi gxhv‡bi cvjv fvix|
7. Character is the pillar of Islamic Movement.
8. Religion & character can’t be separated. – where there is no character there is no religion
on the other hand Where there is no religion there is no character.
eì hy‡× hLbB Kv‡diiv Zievwi Zz‡j‡Q ZLbB we‡eK Zv‡ì‡K ej‡Q Giv n‡”Q ZvivB hviv Moral
characterable person †Zvgiv Zvi wei“‡× Zievwi ZzjQ †h †Zvgv‡ì gv‡S mePvB‡Z †ewk ˆbwZK PwiÎevb|
d‡j Zv‡ì nvZ `ye©j n‡q †M‡Q|
ˆbwZK Pwi‡Îi gvb t
* KziAvb I mybœvni KvswLZ g‡b †cuŠQvi AvM ch©šÍ wece n‡e bv|
* Be colorered by the colour of Allah (Sw) ¶gv, D`viZv, b¨vqwbôZv|
ˆbwZK PwiÎ MVb Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRb t
1. Ávb t AMva Áv‡bi AwaKvix n‡Z n‡e|
Ñ Avg‡j cwiïw× Avb‡Z n‡j wPšÍvi cwiïw× Avb‡Z n‡e|
Ñ Pvl Ki‡Z n‡j AvMvQv `yi Ki‡Z n‡e|
Ñ wPšÍvi cwiïw×i Rb¨ Inxi Ávb cÖ‡qvRb
The Knowledge of Quran and Hadith is immense need.
2. Cgvb t
wkiKgy³ wnsmv we‡Ølgy³
wiqvgy³ AnsKvigy³
* gymv (Avt) Gi jvwV wb‡¶‡ci NUbv|
3. whKi-Avjvni ¯§iY mve©¶wYK Av‡Liv‡Zi wPšÍv|
4. hev‡bi wh¤§v`vi-ivm~j (mt) e‡j‡Qb Ò†h e¨w³ `ywU gvsm L‡Êi wh¤§v`vi n‡e Avwg Zvi Rvbœv‡Zi wh¤§v`vi ne| Avi G
`ywU n‡”Q wRnŸv I j¾v¯’vb|Ó
5. Avq DcvR©‡bi cweÎZv hvi kix‡i GK †duvUv nvivg i³ Zvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ nvivg|
6. bd‡mi cweÎZv-mshg kw³ e„w× Kiv|
7. ZvIqv°zj wej-vn|
8. ZvKIqvi Rxebhvcb|
9. mei Ñ gq`v‡b `„pZvi mv‡_ ùvwo‡q _vKv|
10. Gn‡Zmve
11. Avj-vni wbKU mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv|
Life sketch of Ashabe Rasul (sm)
mvnvex t
→ Cgvb Ae¯’vq ivm~j (mt) †K †`‡L‡Qb Ges Cgvb wb‡qB g„ZzëiY K‡i‡Qb|
* nv‡Zg ZvÕqx
Ñ `vbexi
Ñ ivRv
Ñ ivm~j (mt) Gi beyIqv‡Zi c~‡e©B B‡šÍKvj K‡i‡Qb| Zvi †Q‡j ivm~j (mt) †K nZ¨vi †NvlYv w`‡q‡Q| Zvi †g‡q
ew›`bx n‡q ivm~j (mt) Gi ìev‡i Avmj| - eënv‡i mš‘ó/gy» n‡q Bmjvg MÖnY Kij|
* Avey eKi (ivt)Õi eëmvwqK eÜz †Kjve web Dmv‡q` -- †m mg‡qi †kªô BwZnvmwe`|
* Igi (ivt) wQ‡jb †kªô mvwnZ¨ mgS`vi, mvwnZ¨ mgv‡jvPK|
1. †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì †Q‡j‡ì KweZv †kLvI KviY3. 3. ivm~j (mt) Gi fvlv, mvwnZ¨, ms¯‹…wZi mybZ
œ ‡K Avgiv
Zv‡ì K_v n‡e wgwó I my‡ijv| MÖnY KiwQbv|
2. †KviAv‡bi PP©v Ki‡j fvlv my›ì n‡q hv‡e| 4. Zv‡q‡di fvlv wQj me‡P‡q my›ì|
5. evsjv‡`‡k Kzwóqv †Rjvi fvlv me‡P‡q weï×|
115
48. mf¨Zv wewbg©v‡Y Bmjvg
Contribution of Islam to civilization
mf¨Zv, ms¯‹…wZ, g~j¨‡eva-G kã¸‡jv GKwU RvwZ ev gvbe gÛjxi †gŠwjK cwiPq Zz‡j aivi Rb¨ cÖvqktB eënvi Kiv
n‡q _v‡K| G iKg GK GKwU kã GZ †ekx e¨vcK A_© enb K‡i hv e¨L¨v Ki‡Z †M‡j GKwUi g‡a¨ AciwU wejxb
n‡q hvq| KL‡bv iƒc GKB Avevi KL‡bv we¯Íi Zdvr cwijw¶Z nq| Avgv‡ì Rxeb `k©‡bi †m iKgB GKB cÖm½
n‡jv Ômf¨ZvÕ|
Bs‡iRx‡Z Civis ej‡Z kn‡ii Awaevmx †evSvq, hvi weKwkZ iƒc Civilization, evsjvq Gi A_© Kiv n‡q‡Q
mf¨Zv| Aviex fvlvqI Abyiƒcfv‡e Avj-nv`vi †_‡K Ônv`vivnÕ ev kni evmx‡KB mf¨Zvi cÖwZkã wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv
n‡q‡Q| Bs‡iRx‡Z Gi wecixZ kã ejv nq Barbarism †K| hviv eb-R½j, cvnvo-ce©Z I gi“ AÂ‡j emevm
K‡i, hvhvei wn‡m‡e RxweKvi mÜv‡b GK GjvKv †_‡K Ab¨ GjvKvq ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nq, ¯’vqxfv‡e †Kv_vI Nievwo wbg©vY
K‡i bv| wk¶v-`x¶v †_‡K cðvrc` †_‡K D”P„sLj Rxeb hvc‡b Af¨¯’ n‡q c‡o Zv‡ì †K mvavibZt Amf¨ I ee©i
(Uncivilized, Barbarian) e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv nq| evsjv fvlvq Ômf¨Õ avZz †_‡K Ômf¨ZvÕ kãwU wbM©Z| mvaviYZt
gvwR©Z I AvKvswLZ my›ì AvPiY cÖKvkKvix‡K mf¨ Ges Gi wecixZ AvPiY cÖKvwkZ n‡j Zvi evnK †K Avgiv
ÔAmf¨Õ- ÔAf`ªÕ BZ¨vw` e‡j _vwK| mf¨Zvi cÖKvk wn‡m‡e aiv nq-¯’vqxfv‡e †Kv_vI emwZ ¯’vcb Kiv, evwo-Ni wbg©vY,
iv¯Ív-NvU ˆZix, Rxeb hvc‡bi DbœZ c×wZ D™¢veb, cÖK…wZi m¤ú`‡K eënvi K‡i Lv`¨, †cvlvK I Rxeb‡K Avivg`vqK
Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ Drcv`‡b AvZ¥wb‡qvM, ÁvbvR©b-†jLvcov Kiv BZ¨vw`|
kn‡ii my›ì, myk„sLj Rxe‡bi mv‡_ mf¨Zvi G kvwãK mvhyR¨ LyeB cÖvmswMK| The History of civilization MÖ‡š’
`vk©wbK Will Durant e‡j‡Qb- Ò‡Kvb mf¨Zv †Kvb K…l‡Ki Kzu‡o N‡i Rb¥ wb‡jI Zv kn‡i Qvov weKwkZ nq bvÓ|
A_©vr mf¨Zvi †h cÖvwZôvwbK we¯Ívi Zv †mŠKh©gwÛZ nq bMi †K›`ªxK cwicvwU Rxe‡bi gva¨‡g| Avi ZvB AZx‡Zi
mvf¨Zv¸‡jv cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i‡Q ¯^xq mf¨Zvi jvjb f~wg wn‡m‡e L¨vZ †m mKj Sjg‡j kni, AÂj ev ¯’v‡bi bv‡g|
†hgb, gy‡nb‡Rv`v‡iv, niàv, MÖxK, †ivgvb, cvim¨, wgkixq, ˆPwbK BZ¨vw` mf¨Zv| Gi e¨wZµg †`Lv hvq Bmjvgx
mf¨Zv I Lªxóxq mf¨Zvi †ejvq| Bmjvgx mf¨Zv cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i‡Q Gi g~j wek¦vm ev Av`wk©K g~j¨‡ev‡ai bv‡g,
†Kvb we‡kl bMi ev AÂ‡ji bv‡g bq| Avi Lªxóxq mf¨Zv Avjvni wKZve I Rxeb eë¯’v‡K weK…Z Kivi gva¨‡g Gi
cÖeZ©K hxï Lªx‡ói bv‡g cwiwPwZ †c‡jI cieZ©x‰Z ¯^xq cwiP‡q wU‡K _vK‡Z cv‡iwb| eZ©gv‡b cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi
†gvo‡K †h be mf¨Zvi DÌvb g~jZt cy‡e©v³ Lªxóxq mf¨Zvi be ms¯‹iY|
mf¨Zvi DÌvb ev wewbg©vY m~Î t
cÖL¨vZ M‡elK Dr. Mahmood Fauzi Hamd Zvi ‘Al-Islam, Al- Hadarah oa- Dawrush Shabab’
cÖe‡Ü mf¨Zvi msÁv cÖm‡½ e‡jb- ÒAvwe®‹‹vi, D™¢veb, DbœwZ, AMÖMwZ, myweb¨¯Í KiY I ms¯‹v‡ii †¶‡Î kx‡l©
†cŠQv‡bvi j‡¶¨ †Kvb gvbe mgv‡Ri wbiew”Qbœ cÖ‡Póv‡K mf¨Zv ejv hvqÓ| g~jZt wek¦RMr I gvbe Rxeb m¤ú‡K© mKj
gvby‡li aviYv GK iKg bq| G c„w_ex wKfv‡e m„wó n‡jv? Gi †Kvb mªóv Av‡Q wK? GLv‡b KLb wKfv‡e cÖv‡Yi mÂvi
n‡jv? wekvj cÖvK…wZK RMZ wKfv‡e Pj‡Q? G mKj AMwYZ cÖkœ gvby‡li wPšÍvkxj g‡b RvMÖZ nIqv ¯^vfvweK G mKj
ARvbv wel‡qi DËi Avwe¯‹vi ev D™¢veb Ki‡Z wM‡q hy‡M hy‡M gvbe g‡b wewfbœ gZ m„wó n‡q‡Q| d‡j RMZ I Rxeb
m¤ú‡K© gvby‡li g‡a¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi wek¦vm I `„wóf½x Rb¥jvf K‡i‡Q| G wek¦vm I `„wóf½xi wfwË‡Z hLb wKQy gvby‡li
g‡a¨ GKvZ¥Zv m„wó nq, Ges µ‡g Zv GKwU mgvR KvVv‡gv, mvs¯‹…wZK cwigÛj I ivóªxq eë¯’vi iƒc cwiMÖn K‡i ZLb
Zv‡K Avgiv mf¨Zv wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvwi| GKwU mf¨Zv Zvi wek¦v‡mi myÎ a‡i wbw`©ó kvmb, AvBb, wePvi I wk¶v
eë¯’vi Rb¥ w`‡Z cv‡i| Gi ivóªxq mvgwiK kw³ µg we¯Ívi jvf K‡i wekvj mvgªv‡R¨ I cwiYZ n‡Z cv‡i|
116
A_©vr eySv †Mj gvby‡li Rxeb †eva msµvšÍ Ôwek¦vmÕ B n‡jv mf¨Zvi g~j Drm Ges G‡K †K›`ª K‡i Rxeb hvc‡bi
mvwe©K weKvk, DbœwZ, AMÖMwZ I cÖhyw³MZ DrKl©ZvB n‡jv mf¨Zvi cÖKvk| cÖm½µ‡gB c~b‡iv‡jL K‡i ej‡Z nq
mf¨Zvi cÖKvk‡KB fzjµ‡g cªvq mKj †¶‡Î mf¨Zv wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q ïaygvÎ Bmjvg Qvov|
mf¨Zvi ØÜ ev we‡iva t
GUv AZ¨šÍ ¯^vfvweK †h GKwU bZzb mf¨Zvi DÌvb Lye mnR e¨cvi bq| c~e© cÖwZwôZ mf¨Zvi e¨wZµg GKwU bZzb
wek¦vm I mfZvi weKvk †h †KD mn‡R †g‡b †bq bv, d‡j bZzb I cyivZ‡bi ØÜ nq| ZvQvov wek¦eë¯’vq cvkvcvwk `ywU
mf¨Zvi Aw¯—Z¡ _vK‡j wbR †kªôZ¡ cÖgvY ev cÖvavb¨ cÖwZôvq Zv‡ì g‡a¨ I we‡iva ev cÖwZ‡hvwMZg~j ØÜ m„wó nh|
gvbe m„wói m~Pbv‡ZB Av`g I Bewj‡mi ØÜ, nK I Zv¸‡Zi m„wó Ges Bmjv‡g gnvb Avjvn mš‘wói GKgvÎ c_
ÒwRnv` wd mvwewjjvnÓ A_©vr Avjvni iv¯Ívq Rvb I gv‡ji Øviv msMÖvg msµvšÍ wb‡`©‡k mf¨Zvi Ø‡Üi Aw¯ÍZ¡ cvIqv
hvq| cweÎ Avj KziAv‡b ejv n‡q‡Q Òhviv gywgb Zviv msMÖvg K‡i Avjvni c‡_ Avi hviv Awek¦vmx- Kv‡di Zviv
msMÖvg K‡i Zv¸‡Zi c‡_Ó| G Øviv †evSv hvq-gvbe Rxe‡b mf¨Zvi jovB ev nK I evwZ‡ji msNvZ Awbevh©| gRvi
e¨cvi n‡jv G M~p `vk©wbK ZË¡wU GZ cªvPxb I Ab¯^xKvh© n‡jI G m¤ú‡K© mevi m‡PZbZv wQj bv| 1997 mv‡j
hy³iv‡óªi nvf©vW© BDwbfvwm©wUi cÖ‡di Sammuel P. Huntington Gi wjLv “The Clash of Civilizations
and the Remaking of world order” bvgK MÖš’wU cÖKvwkZ nIqvi ci MZ GK `kK a‡i Ômf¨Zvi ØÜÕ K_vwU
we`» gn‡j e¨vcK fv‡e Av‡jvwPZ n‡”Q| Av‡gwiKvb‡ì Kv‡Q AZ¨šÍ g~jëvb I Zv‡ì fvlvq ‘National Best
Seller’ (RvZxq ch©v‡q me©vwaK msL¨vq Qvcv‡bv I weµqK…Z)-G eBwU‡Z Zvi AwfgZ wQj GBiƒc- “The
Underlying problem for the west is not Fundamentalism. It is Islam a different civilization
whose people are convinced of the superiority of their culture and one obsessed with the
inferiority of their power”(cvðv‡Zï Rb¨ Bmjvgx ‡gŠjev` †gŠwjK mg¨v bq| Bmjvg-B Avmj mgm¨v| Bmjvg
n‡”Q GKwU wfbœ mf¨Zv, hvi Abymvixiv Zv‡ì Av`k© I ms¯‹…wZi †kªôZ¡ m¤ú‡K© `„p wek¦vmx Ges Zviv ¶gZvi w`K w`‡q
†cQ‡b c‡o Av‡Q e‡j Av‡eM ZvwoZ fv‡e m‡PZb n‡q mvg‡b AvMv‡Z Pvq)| “The Problem for Islam is not
C.I.A or the U.S Department of Defense. It is the west a differnt civilization whose people
are convinced of the Universality of their culture and belive that their superior, if declining,
power imposes on them the obligation to extend that culure through out the world.(wm AvB G ev
hy³iv‡óªi cÖwZi¶v wefvM Bmjv‡gi Rb¨ †Kvb mgm¨vB bq| cvðvZ¨ mf¨ZvB nj Bmjv‡gi Avmj mgm¨v| GKwU
mf¨Zv wn‡m‡e hv Bmjvg †_‡K wfbœ Ges Gi RbMY `„p cÖZ¨qx †h, G mf¨Zvi K…wó wek¦Rbxb| cvðv‡Zï RbMY wek¦vm
K‡i †h, Zv‡ì ¶gZvi cÖvavb¨ wek¦ve¨vcx we¯—…Z n‡e| G `yÕw`‡Ki K_v Zz‡j Gici wZwb wj‡L‡Qb-“These are the
basic ingredients that fuel conflict between Islam and the West” (G meB nj †gŠwjK `„wóf½x hv
Bmjvg I cvðv‡Zï g‡a¨ ØÜ ev msNv‡Zi BÜb †hvMvq) Huntigton Lye my‡KŠk‡j hyw³c~Y©fv‡e Dc¯’vcb Ki‡jb †h,
cvðv‡Zï Rb¨ GLb GKgvÎ mgm¨v ïay Bmjvg|
mf¨Zv wn‡m‡e cvðvZ¨ I Bmjvg t
BwZnv‡m †h mKj mf¨Zvi bvg Lye Me©fv‡e ¯§iY Kiv nqÑZvi meB GLb ¯§„wZ| G‡ì eY©vX¨ DÌvb Ges Ki“Y
wech©q AvR †KejB BwZnv‡mi wk¶bxq Aa¨vq n‡q Av‡Q| Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbv †_‡K †evSv †Mj Seculer democracy
(ag© wbi‡c¶ MYZš¿) nj eZ©gvb cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi †MŠiegq Av`k©| †mvwf‡qZ BDwbq‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ gvSc‡_ cÖvq 70
eQi mgvRZvwš¿K eë¯’v kw³kvjx mf¨Zv wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i MYZš¿‡K P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡jI µ‡g Zv Avevi wejxb n‡q
hvq| ZvB eZ©gvb c~e©-cwð‡gi mKj RvwZ †Mvôxi gv‡S Pj‡Q ÔcvðvZ¨ mf¨ZviÕ Rq RqKvi|
Bmjvgx mf¨Zvi cÖvwZôvwbK Aciƒc †mŠ›`h© ivm~j (mt) Gi kvmb Kvj, †Ljvd‡Z iv‡k`vi hyM Ges ZrcieZ©x gymwjg
b¨vq civqY kvmK‡ì mgqKv‡j †hfv‡e wki DuPz K‡i `vwo‡qwQj BwZnv‡m Zv AvRI ¯^‡Y©vR¡j| ivóªxq fv‡e eZ©gv‡b
Bmjv‡gi Ae¯’vb Kg RvqMvq cÖwZwôZ _vK‡jI- Bmjv‡gi cybR©vMiY Av‡›`vjb hy‡M hy‡M cÖ‡Z¨K cÖwZwôZ mf¨Zvi
Rb¨ cÖavb gv_ve¨_vi KviY wQj| Beªvwng (Avt) Gi mv‡_ bgi“`, g~mv (Avt) Gi mv‡_ †divDb, gynv¤§` (mt) Gi
mgqKv‡j ZrKvjxb †ivgvb I cvim¨ mf¨Zvi mv‡_ ØÜ-G meB BwZnv‡mi Awbevh© avivevwnKZv gvÎ| ZvB ‘Clash of
civilization’Gi aviYv BmjvwgK gbxlx‡ì Rb¨ bZzb †Kvb welq bq|
Bmjvg I cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi wek¦v‡mi wfwË t
Bmjv‡g Rxeb RMZ I gvbe msmvi wZbwU †gŠwjK wek¦v‡mi `„p wfwËi Dci cÖwZwôZ Zv nj ZvInx` †imvjvZ,
†LjvdZ I AvwLivZ| c¶všÍ‡i cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi wek¦v‡mi wfwË n‡jv †mKz¨jvwiRg, †W‡gv‡µmx, WvB‡jKwURg I
†g‡Uwi‡qwjRg| wb‡gœ Gme wek¦v‡mi ¯îƒc m¤ú‡K© Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Kiv nj|
ZvInx` †imvjvZ, †LjvdZ I Av‡LivZ t
Bmjvg †NvlYv K‡i †h, gvbeRvwZ I †MvUv wek¦ RMZ‡K Avjvn Zvqvjv mycwiKwíZfv‡e m„wó K‡i‡Qb| wZwb mgMÖ
we‡k¦i cwiPvjK, c_ wb‡`©kK Ges Zvi me©vZ¥K ¶gvZvi Kv‡Q gvbyl‡K c~bivq cÖZ¨veZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| Zvi Aw¯ÍZ¡ me©Î
117
weivRgvb, †Kvb we‡kl KvVv‡gv ev Aw¯Í‡Z¡ wZwb cÖKvwkZ bb| KvíwbK †Kvb Aeqe bq eis Zvi wbisKzk kw³i ejq
Abyfe K‡i Zvi Kv‡Q cwic~Y©fv‡e AvZ¥mgc©b Ki‡Z n‡e| wZwb gvbe RvwZ‡K mwVK c‡_ Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ Devine
Guidence wn‡m‡e Avj KziAvb Ges me©‡kªô gvbe PwiÎ bex I ivm~j MY †K †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| G `yÕ‡qi mgš^‡q
wbR‡K M‡o †Zvjv Ges mgvR ivóª c×wZi ms¯‹vi K‡i Avjvni †LjvdZ cÖwZôvi †Póv Kiv gvby‡li GKgvÎ KZ©e¨-G
aviYvi Dci wek¦vm ¯’vcb Ges †m wek¦v‡mi wfwË‡Z `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi DciB gvbe Rxe‡bi mvdj¨ I e¨_©Zv wbf©ikxj|
G‡¶‡Î mePvB‡Z D‡jL‡hvM¨ welq nj gvbyl G wek¦vm ¯’vcb I KZ©e¨ cvj‡b ¯^vaxb| mªóvi Aw¯ÍZ¡ †K Zvi mvg‡b
cÖKv‡k¨ G‡b gvbyl‡K Zvi cÖwZ Cgvb Avb‡Z eva¨ Kiv nqwb| ZvQvov Zvi weavb Agvb¨Kvix‡K mivmwi kvw¯ÍÕi eë¯’v
bv K‡i my‡hvM †`qv n‡q‡Q hv‡Z cvw_©e RM‡Zi G myweb¨v¯Í msmvi †`‡L †m †Kvb bv †Kvbfv‡e gnvb cÖfyi weavb
Abyhvqx c_ Pjvq kvgxj n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘, G ¯^vaxbZvi my‡hv‡M †K KZUzKz †¯^”QvPvix nj Avi †K AbyMZ nj Zvi
wnmve †bqvi Rb¨ GK gnv wnmve-wb‡K‡ki w`b w¯’i Kiv Av‡Q hvi bvg Av‡LivZ| †mLv‡b mevB †K Avcb Kg©Kv‡Ûi
Rb¨ Revew`wn Ki‡Z n‡e| †gvUvgywU G †gŠwjK wek¦vm¸‡jvi DciB Bmjvgx mf¨Zvi cÖvPxi `vwo‡q Av‡Q|
cvðv‡Zï wek¦vmMZ wfwË t
cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi wfwËg~‡j wek¦mªóvi †Kvb ¯’vb †bB| Zv‡ì Áv‡bi Drm Zv‡ì God bq| BwZnvmjä gvbe RvwZi
AwR©Z AwfÁZv Ges gvby‡li †gav, cÖÁv, I mvabvjä ÁvbB Zv‡ì GKgvÎ m¤^j Zviv Devine Guidence G wek¦vm
K‡i bv ZvB gvbe Aw¯ÍZ¡ wb‡q Zviv ÒweM e¨vs w_DwiÓ Ges ÔweeZ©b ev`Õ †K mvg‡b wb‡q G‡mwQj| Bmjvg †hLv‡b mªóv
cÖ`Ë Ávb †K wbf©~j I k¦vk¦Z e‡j †Nvlbv K‡i Zv‡KB GKgvÎ cv‡_q wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i †mLv‡b cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zv G iKg
†Kvb aviYvq wek¦vm K‡i bv d‡j wePvi, we‡klY, M‡elYv I ev¯Íe AwfÁZvi wfwË‡Z Zviv †h Ávb AvniY K‡i Zv
m¤ú~Y© wbf©~j nq bv| g~jZt G cÖm‡½ Rvg©vb `vk©wbK Fredaric Hegel Gi Dialectism ev ØÜev` bvgK ZË¡wUB nj
Zv‡ì Ab¨Zg Rxeb `k©b, ØÜev` cÖm‡½ †n‡M‡ji e³e¨t Ògvbyl Rxe‡bi wewfbœ †¶‡Î wPšÍv-M‡elYv, mvabv I
AwfÁZvi wfwË‡Z †Kvb Ávb‡K mwVK wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i| G ÁvbwU ZLb w_wmm (Thesis) wn‡m‡e MY¨ nq| hLb G
w_wmm ev¯Í‡e cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq ZLb AwfÁZvq KZK fyj aiv c‡o| G fyj¸‡jv‡K wZwb Anti-thesis bvg w`‡q‡Qb|
Thesis I Anti-thesis-Gi Ø‡Ü hv fyj e‡j cÖgvwYZ Zv eR©b K‡i bZzb Ávb ms‡hvRb Ki‡Z nq| Thesis Gi
g‡a¨ hv wbf©yj Zv envj †i‡L Ges hv fyj Zv cwieZ©b K‡i bZzb Áv‡bi mgš^‡q †h wm×všÍ MÖnY Kiv nq Gi bvg wZwb
w`‡q‡Qb Synthesis G Synthesis ZLb bZzb Thesis-Gi gh©v`v cvq| hLb G bZzb w_wmmwU ev¯Í‡e cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq
ZLb Avevi KZK fyj aiv co‡Z cv‡i| †m fyj¸‡jv Avevi bZzb Gw›UÑw_wmm wn‡m‡e MY¨ nq| w_wmm I Gw›U-
w_wm‡mi G Ø‡Üi cwiYv‡g Avevi wmbw_wmm Rb¥ †bq|
‡n‡M‡ji g‡Z, G ØvwÜK c×wZ‡ZB fyj ms‡kvab K‡i K‡i (Trial and Error ev cix¶vg~jK †Póv I fyj K‡i K‡i)
gvbe mf¨Zv DbœwZi c‡_ GwM‡q Pj‡Q| cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zv G gZev`‡KB mwVK e‡j wek¦vm K‡i| Gfv‡eB gvbeRvwZ
wPiKvj fy‡ji wkKvi n‡q weï× cš’v Avwe¯‹vi Ki‡Z Ki‡ZB G¸‡Z eva¨ e‡j †g‡b †bIqv Qvov cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi wbKU
Avi †Kvb weKí †bB| G w_Dwii cwiYv‡g Ggb GK wek¦vm Rb¥ †bq, hv AZ¨šÍ gvivZ¥K I weåvwšÍKi| Avi Zv n‡jv,
cyivZb‡K cwiZ¨vR¨ e‡j wek¦vm Kiv| †h‡nZz Gw›UÑw_wmm wn‡m‡e hv fyj wn‡m‡e aiv co‡jv Zv Z¨vM K‡iB G¸‡Z
n‡”Q, †m‡nZz hv cyivZb wnm‡e cwiZ¨vM Kiv nq Zv wPiKvjB cwiZ¨vR¨| G w_Dwi Abyhvqx hv cyiv‡bv Zv‡K wKQy‡ZB
MÖnY Kiv P‡j bv| gvbe mf¨Zv bZzbZv MÖnY K‡i K‡iB GwM‡q Pj‡Q, cyiv‡bv wPšÍv, gZ I c_ wKQyB‡ZB MÖnY‡hvM¨
bq|
Secular democracy ev ag©wbi‡c¶ MYZš¿ t
cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi †MŠiegq Av`k© n‡jv Secular democracy.Gi Zvrch© n‡jv, me© wel‡q msL¨vMwiô †jv‡Ki
gZ‡KB MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| GgbwK ˆbwZK wel‡qI †gRwiwUi ivq‡KB mwVK e‡j †g‡b wb‡Z n‡e| Bmjvg MYZš¿‡K
†Kvb c~Y©v½ Av`k© e‡j ¯^xKvi K‡i bv| miKvi MV‡bi c×wZ wn‡m‡e Ges cvw_©e hveZxq wel‡q wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi cš’v
wn‡m‡e Bmjvg MYZš¿‡K mwVK e‡j g‡b K‡i| wKš‘ ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva I MYZ‡š¿i AvIZvq c‡o e‡j Bmjvg wKQy‡ZB
¯^xKvi K‡i bv| AwaKvsk †jvK wg_¨v ejv fv‡jv e‡j `vwe Ki‡jI Zv MÖnY‡hvM¨ e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡Z cv‡i bv| cvðvZ¨
mf¨Zvq weevn QvovB †hŠb m¤úK© m¤ú~Y© êa e‡j me©m¤§Zfv‡e ¯^xK…Z| G w`K w`‡q cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zv AviI A‡bK
GwM‡q †M‡Q| K‡qKwU †`‡k mgKvwgZv êa e‡j AvBbI n‡q‡Q| GKB wj‡½i `yÕR‡bi g‡a¨ †hŠb m¤úK© ch©šÍ
MYZvwš¿K c×wZ‡Z êa e‡j ¯^xK…Z n‡”Q| Zvì MYZvwš¿K g~j¨‡ev‡ai g~j e³e¨ nj RbM‡Yi mve©‡fŠgZ¡ A_©vr RbMY
ev RbgZB mKj ¶gZvi Drm| Bmjvg g‡b K‡i mve©‡fŠg ¶gZvi gvwjK Avjvn| `~e©j wPšÍv †PZbvi AwaKvix gvbyl
KL‡bvB mve©‡fŠg wPšÍvi aviK n‡Z cv‡i bv| mªóvi mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i Aaxb †_‡K gvbyl †h gZvgZ e¨³ Ki‡e Zvi ga¨
†_‡K me©vwaK gZ MÖnY Kivi MYZvwš¿K c×wZ‡K Bmjvg mg_©b K‡i|
Materialism ev e¯‘ev` t
Matter ev e¯‘ ev Roc`v_© gvby‡li Bw›`ªqMÖvn¨| hv wKQy †`Lv hvq, aiv hvq, hvi Aw¯ÍZ¡ ev¯Í‡e †Ui cvIqv hvq Zv‡KB
e¯‘ ejv nq| wLªóa‡g©i mv‡_ AvaywbK weÁv‡bi we‡iva hLb Pi‡g †cŠ‡Q ZLb `vk©wbK Hume `vwe K‡ib †h, e¯‘i
118
D‡aŸ© Avi wKQy †bB| hw` _v‡KI Zv Avgv‡ì cÖ‡qvR‡b Av‡m bv| G gZev`‡KB Materialism ev e¯‘ev` ev Roev`
ejv nq| weÁvb ïay e¯‘ ev e¯ÍMZ kw³ (Matter and Material energy) wb‡qB PP©v K‡i| weÁv‡bi DbœwZ gvbyl‡K
AZ¨šÍ mn‡RB cÖfvevwš^Z K‡i, weÁv‡bi Avwe®‹vi ‡Zv ev¯Íe mZ¨ wn‡m‡eB aiv †`q| wLªóvb cvw`ªiv G weÁv‡bi
we‡ivwaZv Kivi d‡j weÁv‡b cÖfvweZ gvbyl a‡g©i wei“‡× we¶z× nq| MW, evB‡ej, cÖ‡dU, ciKvj, †`vhL, †e‡nkZ
BZ¨vw` †h‡nZz weÁv‡bi bvMv‡ji evB‡i, †m‡nZz Gme‡K ag© †bZvì gbMov wPšÍvi dmj e‡j Dwo‡q †ÌqvB
¯^vfvweK| a‡g©i bv‡g †hŠw³K evovevwoB a‡g©i wei“‡× G we‡Øl m„wó K‡i|
Hume G g‡bvfvewU‡K `vk©wbKZvi iƒc `vb K‡i `vwe K‡ib †h, e¯‘i evBii †Kvb wKQy‡K wek¦vm I ¯^xKvi Kivi †Kvb
cÖ‡qvRb †bB| KviY †mme gvby‡li ev¯Íe Rxe‡b Kv‡R Av‡m bv| ZvB e¯‘ev‡` hviv wek¦vmx Zv‡ì wbKU Avjvn,
ivm~j, Inx, ciKvj wbQK AÜwek¦vm I Kzms¯‹vi| AvaywbK gZev` wn‡m‡e e¯Íev` cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi Ab¨Zg wfwË‡Z
cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|
Bmjv‡gi `„wó‡Z G gZev` Pig Rv‡nwjqvZ| G gZev`‡K mZ¨ e‡j ¯^xKvi Ki‡j gvby‡li Aw¯ÍZ¡‡KB A¯^xKvi Kiv
nq| Bmjv‡gi g‡Z, gvbe‡`nwU e¯ÍMZ mËv n‡jI Avmj gvbylwU e¯‘ bq, Zv iƒn| Avi iƒn n‡jv ˆbwZK mËv| fv‡jv I
g‡›ì wePvi‡eva ev we‡e‡Ki Aw¯ÍZ¡‡K †Kgb K‡i A¯^xKvi Kiv hvq? we‡eK‡K Ro c`v_© `vwe Kivi Kx hyw³ _vK‡Z
cv‡i?
we‡k¦ wK e¯‘B mewKQy? fv‡jvevmv, †mœn, ggZv, mnvbyfywZ, `qv BZ¨vwì wK †Kvb Aw¯ÍZ¡ †bB? e¯‘RMr wb‡q M‡elYvq
Zrci j¨ve‡iUwi wK Gme M‡elYv Ki‡Z m¶g? G meB weÁv‡bi bvMv‡ji evB‡i| A_P Gm‡ei Aw¯ÍZ¡ gvbe Rxe‡b
¯^xK…Z gnvmZ¨| mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ gv‡qi Z¨vM, †`‡ki Rb¨ AvZ¥¨Z¨v‡Mi Rhev‡K A¯^xKvi Kiv wK m¤¢e? Gme Aw¯ÍZ¡evb
n‡jI weÁv‡bi bvMv‡ji g‡a¨ c‡o bv| ZvB e¯‘i D‡aŸ©I m‡Zï Aw¯ÍZ¡ i‡q‡Q|
Bmjvg I cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zvi G Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Avgv‡ì mvg‡b Dfq mf¨Zvi GKwU cÖv_wgK aviYv w`‡q‡Q e‡j
Avgvi wek¦vm| G `y mf¨Zvi gv‡S †Kvb mf¨ZvwU Kj¨vYKi ev †kªô G we‡ePbvi Rb¨ Dc‡iv³ we‡klb Dc¯’vcb Kiv
nqwb KviY Zv AZx‡Z I cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q eZ©gv‡bI cÖwZfvZ n‡”Q Ges fwel¨‡Z I Gi djvdj wek¦evmx cÖZ¨¶ Ki‡e|
cÖkœ nj mf¨Zvi †h msÁv ev aviYv Avgiv m~Pbvq Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ Zvi †cÖw¶‡Z wek¦ gvbeZv‡K mf¨ I Kj¨vYKi RvwZ
wn‡m‡e M‡o Zzj‡Z †K †ekx f~wgKv †i‡L‡Q cvðvZ¨ bv Bmjvg?
cvðv‡Zï aviK Ges evnKiv †h Rb¨ Zv‡ì †kªôZ¡ `vex Ki‡Qb Zv nj Zv‡ì cÖhyw³MZ DrKl©Zv| cÖhyw³ Zv‡ì †K
MwZkxj I DbœZ Avivg`vqK Rxeb hvc‡bi mÜvb w`‡q‡Q mZ¨ wKš‘ Zv †KejB evwn¨K Ges †jŠwKK| †h wg_¨v aviYv ev
boe‡o wek¦v‡mi Dci Zv‡ì mf¨Zvi wfwË ¯’vwcZ Zv LyeB `ye©j Ges f½yi| e¨w³MZ åóvPvi, cvwievwiK eÜ‡bi
wejywß, gv`Kvmw³, Aeva †hŠbvPvi, mvgªvRëv`x ‡PZbvi, we‡k¦ fqven hy‡×i we¯Ívi, R¡vjvI-†cvovI wbwe©Pvi MYnZ¨v
A_©vr Zv‡ì my›ì mynvm¨ gyLveqe Ges D”QwjZ Drm‡ei Av¯Íi‡Yi bx‡P jywK‡q Av‡Q Pig nZvkv I wek¦v‡mi KOKvj|
ZvB Z_vKw_Z mymf¨, D`vi, kvwšÍgq I DbœZ mgv‡Ri whwb cÖavb hy³iv‡óªi †cÖwm‡W›U A_ev e„wUk cÖavbgš¿x Zvi Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRb nq mePvB‡Z †ekx wbivcËv cÖnix ev wbivcËv ejq|
Av`k© wn‡m‡e Bmjvg †h mf¨Zvi m~Pbv K‡i‡Q Zv Av‡Rv Agwjb I AweK…Zfv‡e wU‡K Av‡Q| gvby‡li †gŠwjK cwiPq
Rxeb aviY c×wZ Ges Revew`wnZvi †h mymg I me©Kvjxb eë¯’v Bmjvg w`‡q‡Q Zvi PvB‡Z †kªô Avi wK n‡Z cv‡i|
e¨w³ Rxe‡bi ¶z`ªvwZ¶z`ª welq †_‡K ïi“ K‡i bvix AwaKvi, kªwg‡Ki gh©v`v, A_©‰bwZK fvimvg¨ bxwZ I wek¦
gvbevwaKv‡ii †h mve©Rbxb †NvlYv GUv †Kej mªóvi †`qv wbf©yj Ávb wbf©i mf¨Zv Bmjv‡gB m¤¢e Ab¨ wKQy‡Z bq|
ivóªxq fv‡e Bmjv‡gi eZ©gvb Ae¯’v wek¦e¨cx mymsnZ bv _vKvq cÖhyw³MZ fv‡e gymjgv‡biv Dc‡i DV‡Z cv‡iwb GUv
†hgb wVK †Zgwb Huntington Gi g‡š¿ D¾xweZ n‡q cvðvZ¨ †hfv‡e Bmjv‡gi Dci AvNvZ nvb‡Q Zv‡Z Bmjvgx
mf¨Zvi cÖhyw³MZ weKvk KZUzKz m¤¢e Zv cÖkœ mv‡c¶| wKš‘ e¨w³MZ, cvwievwiK ev mvgvwRKfv‡e Bmjv‡gi hZUzKz
†mŠ›`h© Av‡Rv cÖwZwôZ Av‡Q cvðv‡Zï Ggb †Kvb cÖhyw³ †bB hv w`‡q Zvi †gvKvwejv Kiv hvq| d‡j Bmjvg hw`
ivóªxq kw³ wn‡m‡e mgMÖwe‡k¦ Avwef©~Z n‡Z cv‡i Zvn‡j cvðv‡Zï mKj AnwgKv Zv‡mi N‡ii gZ †f‡½ co‡e e‡j
A‡bK we`» mgvR weÁvbx g‡b K‡ib| cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zv I ms¯‹…wZ Abymi‡Yi Rb¨ †hgb †mªvZ eZ©gv‡b we`¨gvb †m
†mªvZ Ny‡i ùvov‡ev GK_v wbwðZ, †`k¸‡jv‡Z Bmjvg MÖn‡Yi wnwoK GK_v cÖgvY K‡i|
AZGe mfZvi µgweKv‡k Kvi Ae`vb †ekx? G cÖm‡½ AvR Avi cªvmw½K bq| bZzb we‡k¦i Kv‡Q cÖ‡kœ GLb GKUvB
mf¨Zvi †KvbwU-Bmjvg bv cvðvZ¨? Avgiv MÖnY Ki‡ev? DËi GKUvB hv mZ¨ ZvB mf¨Zv Avi ZvB GKgvÎ MÖnYxq| Zvn‡j
mZ¨ †KvbwU †KvbwU? mZ¨ nj Zv hv KL‡bv wg_¨v n‡q hvq bv| †m Awebvkx Awbevh© m‡Zï bvg Bmjvg| Avi evKx me
wg_¨v, meB cwiZ¨vR¨|
119
49. `vIqv‡Z Øxb t ¸i“Z¡ I c×wZ
1.`vIqv‡Z Øx‡bi A_© t
`vIqvZ A_© Ñ WvKv ev Avnevb Kiv| Z‡e Øxb k‡ãi KziAv‡b A‡bK ¸‡jv A_© G‡m‡Q Ñ
1. KL‡bv Øxb kã wePvi, cÖwZ`vb ev cÖwZdj BZ¨vw` A‡_© G‡m‡Q t
0 ‫ َم ِل ِك َي ْو ِم الدّي ِْن‬ÒAvjvn wePvi w`‡bi gvwjK|Ó (myiv dvwZnv Ñ 3) 0 ‫ َكالَّ َب ْل ت ُ َك ِذّ َب ْونَ ِباالدِّن‬ÒK¶bI bq, eis
†Zvgiv
cÖwZ`vb ev cÖwZdj wèm‡K A¯^xKvi KiQ|Ó (myiv BbwdZvi Ñ 9)
2. Avevi †Kv_vI Øxb kã AvbyMZ¨ I AvZœmgc©Y A‡_© G‡m‡Q t
0 َ‫ط ْوعا ً َو ك َْرها ً َو اِلَ ْي ِه ي ُْر َجعُ ْون‬ َ ‫ض‬ ِ ‫ت َوا ْْلَ ْر‬ ِ ‫س َم َو‬ ّ ِ ‫ اَفَغَي َْر ِدي ِْن هللاِ يَ ْبغُ ْونَ َو لَهُ ا َ ْسلَ َم َم ْن فِى ال‬ÒGme †jv‡Kiv wK
Avjvni Øx‡bi cwie‡Z© Ab¨
†Kvb cš’v Zvjvk Ki‡Q? A_P AvKvk I c„w_wei mewKQzB B”Qvq †nvK Avi Awb”Qvq †nvK ZviB Kv‡Q AvZœmgc©Y
Ki‡Q| Avi mKj‡K Zvi w`‡KB cÖZ¨vewZ©Z Kiv n‡e|Ó (myiv Av‡j Bgivb Ñ 83)
3. †Kvb †Kvb hvqMvq Øxb kã AvbyM‡Zï weavb I AvBb-Kvbyb A‡_© G‡m‡Q t
ِ ْ ِ‫َّللا‬
‫اْلس َْال ُم‬ َّ َ‫ ا َِّن الدّيْنَ ِع ْند‬ÒwbðB Avj-vni wbKU GKgvÎ Rxeb-eë¯’v n†”Q Bmjvg|Ó (myiv Av‡j Bgivb Ñ 19)
ِ ْ ‫َو َم ْن َي ْبت َغِ َغي َْر‬
ۚ ُ‫اْلس َْال ِم ِد ْينًا فَلَ ْن يُّ ْق َب َل ِم ْنه‬ ÒGes hviv Avjvni †`qv Rxeb weavb Bmjvg Qvov Ab¨ wKQz Zvjvk
K‡i Zv
KLbB Keyj Kiv n‡e bv |Ó (myiv Av‡j Bgivb Ñ 85)
0 ‫صير‬ ِ َ‫َّللاَ ِب َما َي ْع َملُونَ ب‬ َّ ‫ َوقَاتِلُو ُه ْم َحت َّ ٰى َْل تَ ُكونَ فِتْنَةٌ َويَ ُكونَ ال ِدّينُ ُكلُّهُ ِ َّّلِلِ فَإ ِ ِن انت َ َه ْوا فَإ ِ َّن‬Ò‡n
Cgvb`viMY ! ‡Zvgiv Zv‡ì mv‡_ Ggb
fv‡e msMÖvg K‡iv †hb mg¯— wek„sLjv wbg©yj n‡q hvq Ges Øxb Avjvni Rb¨ cy‡ivcywi wbw`©ó n‡q hvq| Zvici hw`
Zviv wdZbv †_‡K weiZ nq Zvn‡j AvjvnB Zv‡ì Avgj †`L‡eb|Ó (myiv Avbdvj Ñ 39)
4. †Kv_vI Avevi Øxb kã mgvR I ivóª eë¯’v A‡_© G‡m‡Q t
0 َ ‫سا د‬َ َ‫ض ْالف‬ ِ ‫ُّظ َه َر فِى ْاْلَ ْر‬ ْ ‫َاف ا َ ْن يُّبَ ِدّ َل ِد ْينَ ُك ْم ا َ ْو اَ ْن ي‬ ُ ‫ع َربَّهُ اِنِّ ْى اَخ‬ ُ ْ‫سى َو ْليَد‬ٰ ‫ َوقَا َل فِ ْر َع ْونُ ذَ ُر ْونِ ْي ا َ ْقت ُ ْل َم ْو‬ÒGes
†diAvDb ej, Avgv‡K Qvo!
Avwg gymv‡K nZ¨v Kie, Ges †m Zvi ie †K WvKzK| Avwg AvksKv KiwQ †m †Zvgv‡ì Øxb‡K cwieZ©b Ki‡e wKsev
†`‡k wech©q †W‡K Avb‡e|Ó (myiv ‡gvÕ†gb Ñ 26)
myZivs `vIqv‡Z Øxb ej‡Z eySvq, gvbyl ‡K ÑÑÑ
Avjvni e‡›`Mx, `vmZ¡ I †Mvjvgx, Avjvni cÖwZ c~Y© AvbyMZ¨ I AvZ¥mgc©b, Bmjvg‡K GKgvÎ Rxeb weavb wn‡m‡e
MÖnY, Bmjvgx AvBb, mgvR I ivóª eë¯’v Ges ciKv‡ji fq I Revew`wni w`‡K gvbyl‡K Avnevb Kiv|
2.`vIqv‡Z Øx‡bi ¸i“Z¡ t
1. G Kv‡Ri wb‡`©k ¯^qs Avjvn w`‡q‡Qb t
- ُ‫سن‬ َ ْ‫ِى اَح‬ َ ‫سنَ ِة َو َجاد ِْل ُه ْم ِبالَّتِ ْى ه‬ َ ‫ظ ِة ْال َح‬ َ ‫س ِب ْي ِل َر ِبّكَ ِب ْال ِح ْك َم ِة َو ْال َم ْو ِع‬َ ‫ع اِلَى‬ ُ ْ‫ اُد‬ÒWv‡Kv †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki w`‡K
cÖÁv I AwZ DËg
Dc‡`‡ki gva¨‡g Ges †jvK‡ì mv‡_ weZK© Av‡jvPbv Ki DËg c×wZ‡Z|Ó (myiv bnj Ñ 125)
2. gymjgvb‡ì GKwU `j _vK‡ZB n‡e hviv `vIqv‡Z Øx‡bi KvR Ki‡e t
0 َ‫ َو اُلَئِكَ ُه ُم ْال ُم ْف ِل ُح ْون‬. ‫ف َو َي ْن َه ْونَ َع ِن ْال ُم ْنك َِر‬ ِ ‫ َو ْلت َ ُك ْن ِّم ْن ُك ْم ا ُ َّمةٌ َّيدْع ُْونَ اِلَى ْال َخيْر ِ َو َيا ْ ُم ُر ْونَ ِبا ْل َم ْع ُر ْو‬Ò
†Zvgv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K Ggb GKwU `j
Aek¨B _vK‡Z n‡e, hviv (gvbyl‡K) Kj¨v‡bi w`‡K Avnevb Ki‡e, mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k Ki‡e Ges Amr Kv‡R wb‡la
Ki‡e Avi GivB Kj¨vb jvf Ki‡e|Ó (myiv Av‡j Bgivb Ñ 104)
3. `vIqv‡Z Øx‡bi KvR Avjvni Kv‡Q LyeB cQ›`bxq t
120
0 َ‫صا ِل ًحا َّو َقا َل اِ َّننِ ْى ِمنَ ْال ُم ْس ِل ِميْن‬ َ ‫َّللاِ َو َع ِم َل‬ َّ ‫سنُ َق ْو ًْل ِم َّم ْن دَ َعا اِ َلى‬ َ ْ‫ َو َم ْن اَح‬ÒZvi †P‡q DËg K_v Avi Kvi n‡Z
cv‡i †h Avjvni w`‡K
gvbyl‡K Wv‡K, wb‡R †bK Avgj K‡i Ges e‡j Avwg GKRb gymwjg ev AvZœmgc©YKvix| (nv-gxg Avm&mvR`vnÑ33)
4. ivmyj (mt) †cÖi‡Yi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨ `vIqv‡Z Øxb t
0 ‫يرا‬ ً ِ‫َّللا ِۚ بِإِذْنِ ِه َو ِس َرا ًجا ُّمن‬ َّ ‫ِيرا و َدَا ِعيًا إِلَى‬ ً ‫ش ًِرا َونَذ‬ ّ َ‫س ْلنَاكَ شَا ِهدًا َو ُمب‬َ ‫ي إِنَّا أ َ ْر‬ ُّ ِ‫ يَا أَيُّ َها النَّب‬Ò‡n bex !
Avwg Avcbv‡K †cÖiY K‡iwQ ¯^v¶x
¯î“c, mymsev``vZv I fq cÖ`k©bKvix wn‡m‡e Ges Avjvni AbygwZ µ‡g Zvui cÖwZ AvnevbKvix I D¾j cÖØxc
wn‡m‡e| (myiv Avnhve Ñ 45,46)
5. cÖ‡Z¨K bex-ivmyj `vIqv‡Z Øx‡bi KvR K‡i‡Qb t
ۚ َ‫غ ْوت‬ ُ ‫طا‬ َّ ‫َّللاَ َواجْ ت َ ِنبُوا ال‬ ّ ‫س ْو ًْل ا َ ِن ل ْعبُد ُوا‬ ُ ‫ َولَقَدْ َب َعثْنَا فَ ْى ُك ِّل ا ُ َّم ٍة َّر‬ÒGes Avwg cÖ‡Z¨K RvZxi Kv‡Q ivmyj †cÖiY K‡iwQ,
(Zviv GB
e‡j gvbyl‡K Avnevb K‡i‡Qb †h) †Zvgiv GKgvÎ AvjvniB `vmZ Ki‡e Ges Zv¸Z Z_v †Lv`v‡`ªvnx kw³‡K
cwiZ¨vM Ki‡e|Ó (myiv bnj Ñ 36)
6. ivmyj (mt) G KvR Kivi e¨cv‡i K‡Vvi ZvwM` K‡i‡Qb t
ٌ‫َّللاِ (ص) َب ِلّغُ ْوا َع ِنّى َو لَ ْو اَ َية‬ ُ ‫َّللاِ ب ِْن َع ْم ٍر (رض) قَا َل قَا َل َر‬
َّ ‫س ْو َل‬ َّ ُ‫ َع ْن َع ْبد‬ÒnhiZ Avãyjvn Be‡b Avgi (ivt)
n‡Z ewb©Z| wZwb e‡jb,
ivmyjyjvn (mt) e‡j‡Qb, Avgvi c¶ †_‡K GKwU AvqvZ (welq) Rvb‡jI †Zvgiv Zv Ac‡ii wbKU †cŠ†Q
`vI|Ó (mnxn eyLvix)
3.bex I ivmyjM‡Yi `vIqvZ t
1. nhiZ b~n (Avt) Gi `vIqvZ t
0‫اب يَ ْو ٍم َع ِظي ٍْم‬ َ َ‫َاف َعلَ ْي ُك ْم َعذ‬ ُ ‫ اِنِّى اَخ‬-ُ‫َّللاَ ما َ لَ ُك ْم ِم ْن اِلَ ٍه َغي ُْره‬ َّ ‫س ْلنَا نُ ْو ًحا اِلَى قَ ْو ِم ِه فَقَا َل يَقَ ْو ِۚم ا ْعبُد ُوا‬ َ ‫لَقَدْ اَ ْر‬
ÒAvgiv b~n& †K Zvi RvwZi †jvK‡ì
cÖwZ †cÖiY K‡iwQ; wZwb e‡jb, †n RvwZi †jv‡Kiv †Zvgiv Avjvni `vmZ¡ Keyj Ki| †Kbbv wZwb Qvov †Zvgv‡ì †Kvb
Bjvn bvB| Avwg †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ GKwU eo AvRv‡ei fq †cvlb Kwi|Ó (myiv AvÕivd Ñ 59)
2. nhiZ û` (Avt) Gi `vIqvZ t
0 َ‫ اَفَ َال تَتَّقُ ْون‬-ُ‫َّللاَ َمالَ ُك ْم ِم ْن اِلَه ٍ َغي ُْره‬ َّ ‫ قَا َل َياقَ ْو ِم ا ْع َبدُوا‬-‫َو اِلَى َعا ٍد اَخَا ُه ْم ه ُْودًا‬ ÒGes ÔAv`Õ RvwZi cÖwZ Avgiv
Zv‡ì fvB Ôû`Õ †K
cvwV‡qwQ| wZwb e‡jb, †n RvwZi †jv‡Kiv, †Zvgiv Avjvni `vmZ¡ Ki| wZwb Qvov †Zvgv‡ì †Kvb Bjvn bvB| Gi
c‡iI wK †Zvgiv fq K‡i Pj‡e bv|Ó (myiv AvÕivd Ñ 65)
3. nhiZ mv‡jn (Avt) Gi `vIqvZ t
ُ‫َّللاَ َمالَ ُك ْم ِم ْن اِلَ ٍه َغي ُْره‬ َّ ‫ قَا َل َياقَ ْو ِم ا ْع َبدُوا‬-‫صا ِل ًحا‬ َ ‫ َو اِلَى َعا ٍد اَخَا ُه ْم‬ÒGes Ômvgy`Õ RvwZi cÖwZ Avgiv Zv‡ì fvB
Ômv‡jnÕ †K
cvwV‡qwQ| wZwb e‡jb, †n RvwZi †jv‡Kiv, †Zvgiv Avjvni `vmZ¡ Keyj Ki, wZwb Qvov †Zvgv‡ì †Kvb Bjvn bvB|
(myiv AvÕivd Ñ 73)
4. nhiZ jyZ (Avt) Gi `vIqvZ t
‫اء‬
ِ ‫س‬ َ ِّ‫ُون الن‬ ِ ‫ش ْه َوة ً ِّمن د‬ َ ‫الر َجا َل‬ ّ ِ َ‫ ِإنَّ ُك ْم لَتَأْتُون‬0 َ‫سبَقَ ُكم ِب َها ِم ْن أ َ َح ٍد ِ ّمنَ ْال َعالَ ِمين‬ َ ‫شةَ َما‬ َ ‫اح‬ ِ َ‫طا ِإذْ قَا َل ِلقَ ْو ِم ِه أَتَأْتُونَ ْالف‬ ً ‫َولُو‬
ُ َ
0َ ‫بَل أنت ْم ق ْو ٌم ُّمس ِْرفون‬ ُ َ ْ
ÒGes jyZ hLb wbR RvwZi †jvK‡ì e‡jb, †Zvgiv Ggb me wbj©¾ KvR KiQ †h, †Zvgv‡ì c~‡e© `ywbqvq †KD G KvR
K‡iwb| ‡Zvgiv bvix‡ì‡K ev` w`‡q cyi“l‡ì mv‡_ Kvgiv evmbv PwiZv_© Ki‡ZQ; eis †Zvgiv mxgv jsNbKvix GKwU
RvZx|Ó (myi AvÕivd Ñ 80)
5. nhiZ †kvqvBe (Avt) Gi `vIqvZ t
‫َّللاَ َما لَ ُكم ِ ّم ْن ِإ ٰلَ ٍه َغي ُْر ُۖهُ قَدْ َجا َءتْ ُكم بَ ِّينَةٌ ِ ّمن َّر ِبّ ُك ْم ُۖ فَأ َ ْوفُوا ْال َك ْي َل‬ ُ ‫َو ِإلَ ٰى َمدْيَنَ أَخَا ُه ْم‬
َّ ‫ش َع ْيبًا ۗ قَا َل يَا قَ ْو ِم ا ْعبُد ُوا‬
ُ ُ ُ َّ
0 َ‫صال ِح َها ذ ِلك ْم َخي ٌْر لك ْم إِن كنتم ُّمؤْ ِمنِين‬ ُ َ ٰ َ ْ ِ‫ض َب ْعدَ إ‬ َ ْ ْ ُ َ
ِ ‫اس أشيَا َء ه ْم َوْل تف ِسد ُوا فِي اْل ْر‬ ُ ْ َ َّ ُ ‫َو ْال ِميزَ انَ َو َْل ت َ ْب َخ‬
َ ‫سوا الن‬
ÒAvi gvw`qvbevwm‡ì cÖwZ Avgiv Zv‡ì fvB †kvqvBe †K cvwV‡qwQ| wZwb e‡jb; †n RvwZi †jv‡Kiv, Avjvni `vmZ¡
Ki, wZwb Qvov †Zvgv‡ì †Kvb Bjvn †bB| †Zvgv‡ì wbKU †Zvgv‡ì i‡ei c¶ †_‡K my¯úó `wjj G‡m †M‡Q|AZGe
Ihb I cwigvc c~Y©gvÎvq Ki, †jvK‡ì Zv‡ì `ª‡e¨ ¶wZMÖ¯’ K‡i wÌbv Ges c„w_we‡Z dvmv` m„wó K‡iv bv, hLb Zv
ms‡kvab I ms¯‹vi n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ †Zvgv‡ì Kj¨vb wbwnZ, hw` †Zvgiv gyÕwgb n‡q _vK|Ó (myiv AvÕivd Ñ 85)
6. nhiZ BDmyd (Avt) Gi `vIqvZ t
121
‫ ُ َما ت َ ْعبُدُونَ ِمن دُونِ ِه ِإ َّْل أَ ْس َما ًء َس َّم ْيت ُ ُموهَا أَنت ُ ْم َوآبَا ُُ ُكم َّما أَنزَ َل‬-‫احد ُ ْالقَ َّهار‬ ِ ‫َّللاُ ْال َو‬
َّ ‫سِجْ ِن أَأ َ ْربَابٌ ُّمت َ َف ِ ّرقُونَ َخي ٌْر أ َ ِم‬ّ ‫احبَي ِ ال‬ ِ ‫ص‬ َ ‫يَا‬
َ
0 َ‫اس ْل يَ ْعل ُمون‬ َ َ ْ َ َ ٰ ْ َ ٰ َّ َّ َ
ِ َّ‫إِْل ِ َّّلِلِ أ َم َر أْل ت َ ْعبُد ُوا إِْل إِيَّاهُ ذلِكَ ال ِدّينُ القَيِّ ُم َول ِك َّن أكث َر الن‬ َ َّ ْ ْ
‫ان إِ ِن ال ُحك ُم‬ َ ْ َّ Ò†n
ٍ ‫سلط‬ ُ ‫َّللاُ بِ َها ِمن‬
Kviv eÜzMY! wewfbœ ei wK DËg bv gnvcÖvµgkvjx
GK Avjvn? †Zvgiv †Zv Avjvn‡K †Q‡o Aev¯—e bv‡gi cyRv Ki†Qv- hv‡ì‡K †Zvgiv I †Zvgv‡ì wcZ…cyi“‡liv
mve¨¯—
K‡i wb‡q‡Q, Avjvn †Zv †m¸wj mg‡Ü †Kvb cÖgvb cvVvb bvB| wbðB ûKzg †`qvi AwaKvi GKgvÎ Avjvni, †Zvgv‡`-
i‡K GB g‡g© wb‡`©k †`qv n‡”Q †h, GKwbó fv‡e †KejgvÎ ZviB Bev`Z Ki‡e| GwUB n‡”Q †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ ¯’vqx
weavb| (myiv BDmyd Ñ 39,40)
7. nhiZ Beªvwng (Avt) Gi `vIqvZ t ‫ض َال ٍل‬ َ ‫صنَا ًما آ ِل َهةً ُۖ إِ ِنّي أ َ َراكَ َوقَ ْو َمكَ فِي‬ ْ َ ‫َوإِذْ قَا َل إِب َْراهِي ُم ِْلَبِي ِه آزَ َر أَتَت َّ ِخذ ُ أ‬
0 ‫ين‬ ٍ ‫ُّم ِب‬
Ò¯§iY Ki Beªvwn‡gi NUbv, hLb wZwb Zvi wcZv AvRi‡K e‡jwQ‡jb, Zzwg‡Zv g~wZ© ¸‡jv‡KB Bjvn wn‡m‡e MÖnY
K‡iQ| Avwg‡Zv †Zvgv‡K Ges †Zvgvi RvwZ‡K my¯úó †Mvgivnx‡Z wjß †`L‡Z cvw”Q| (myiv AvbÔAvg Ñ 74)
8. nhiZ gymv (Avt) Gi `vIqvZ t
‫ين َوقُولُوا‬ َ ‫سانًا َوذِي ْالقُ ْر َب ٰى َو ْال َيتَا َم ٰى َو ْال َم‬
ِ ‫سا ِك‬ َ ْ‫َّللاَ َو ِب ْال َوا ِلدَي ِْن ِإح‬َّ ‫َو ِإذْ أَ َخذْنَا ِميثَاقَ َب ِني ِإس َْرا ِئي َل َْل ت َ ْعبُدُونَ ِإ َّْل‬
َ ً َّ َّ
0 َ‫الزكَاة َ ث َّم ت ََول ْيت ُ ْم إِْل قَ ِليال ِّمن ُك ْم َوأنتُم ُّم ْع ِرضُون‬ ُ َّ ‫ص َالةَ َوآتُوا‬ َّ ‫اس ُح ْسنًا َوأَقِي ُموا ال‬ ِ َّ‫ِللن‬ Ò¯§iY Ki hLb Avgiv
ewb BmivBj‡ì wbKU †_‡K GB cÖwZkÖ“wZ wb‡qwQjvg †h,
Avjvn Qvov Avi Kv‡iv Bev`vZ Ki‡e bv| gvZv-wcZv, AvZœxq-¯^Rb, GwZg I wgmKx‡bi mv‡_ fv‡jv eënvi Ki‡e|
gvby‡li mv‡_ my›ì my›ì K_vevZ©v ej‡e, bvgvR Kv‡qg Ki‡e Ges hvKvZ †`‡e| gywó‡gq †jvK Qvov †Zgiv mK‡jB
GB cÖwZkÖ“wZ fsM K‡iQ Ges †kl ch©š— H Ae¯’vq i‡q †MQ|Ó (myiv evKvivn Ñ 83)
9. nhiZ Cmv (Avt) Gi `vIqvZ t
ُ َّ‫َّللاُ َعلَ ْي ِه ْال َجنَّةَ َو َمأ ْ َواهُ الن‬
ُۖ ‫ار‬ َّ ‫َّللاَ َر ِبّي َو َربَّ ُك ْم ُۖ ِإنَّهُ َمن يُ ْش ِر ْك ِب‬
َّ ‫اّلِل ِ فَقَدْ َح َّر َم‬ َّ ‫َوقَا َل ْال َمسِي ُح َيا َبنِي ِإس َْرائِي َل ا ْعبُد ُوا‬
0ٍ ‫صار‬ َ َّ
َ ‫َو َما ِللظا ِل ِمينَ ِم ْن أن‬
ÒGes gmxn †Zv e‡jwQj; †n ebx BmivB‡ji †jv‡Kiv, Avjvn `vmZ¡ Ki, whwb AvgviI ie †Zvgv‡ìI ie| e¯‘Zt
Avjvni mv‡_ Ab¨ KvD‡K †h kixK K‡i‡Q Avjvn Zvi Rb¨ RvbœvZ nvivg K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| Avi Zv‡ì cwYwZ n‡e
Rvnvbœvg| GB hv‡jg‡ì †Kvb mvnvh¨Kvix bvB|Ó (myiv gv‡q`v Ñ 72)
4.bex (Avt) M‡bi `vIqv‡Zi êwkó t
1. mKj `vIqv‡Zi g~j K_v GK I Awfbœ
2. mKj bexB gvby‡li ˆbwZK g~j¨‡eva †K ¸i“Z¡ w`‡q‡Qb 3.mK‡jB mgKvjxb mgm¨vi cÖwZ bRi w`‡q‡Qb
4. cÖwZwôZ †Lv`v‡`ªvnx kw³i mv‡_ msNl© n‡q‡Q I Zv‡ì cZb n‡q†Q
5.`vIqv‡Z Øx‡bi kZ©vejx t `vqxi Rb¨ Ñ
1. cÖ‡qvRbxq Ávb _vKv t
2. wb‡Ri Rxeb‡K kvnv`‡Z n‡Ki Dc‡qvMx K‡i M‡o †Zvjv t we‡kl K‡i ÑÑÑ
1. cwievi I mgv‡R 2. cvi¯úvwiK m¤ú‡K© 3. AvPvi-eënvi I †jb-‡`‡b 4.Iqv`v i¶vq 5. we‡kl gyû‡Z©
3. c¶cvZ `y‡ói Awf‡hvM †_‡K wb‡R‡K g~³ ivLv t
ً ‫ش َهدَا َء ِ َّّلِلِ َولَ ْو َعلَ ٰى أَنفُ ِس ُك ْم أَ ِو ْال َوا ِلدَي ِْن َو ْاْل َ ْق َربِينَ إِن يَ ُك ْن َغنِياا أَ ْو فَ ِق‬
‫يرا‬ ُ ‫ْط‬ ِ ‫يَا أَيُّ َها الَّذِينَ آ َمنُوا ُكونُوا قَ َّو ِامينَ بِ ْال ِقس‬
0 ‫يرا‬ ُ
ً ‫َّللاَ َكانَ ِب َما ت َ ْع َملونَ َخ ِب‬ َّ ‫اّلِلُ أ َ ْولَ ٰى ِب ِه َما ُۖ فَ َال تَت َّ ِبعُوا ْال َه َو ٰى أَن ت َ ْع ِدلوا َو ِإن ت َل ُووا أ ْو ت ُ ْع ِرضُوا فَإ ِ َّن‬
َ ْ ُ َّ َ‫ف‬
Ò‡n Cgvb`viMY, †Zvgiv Bbmv‡di aviK nI, I Avjvni Iqv‡¯— mv¶x nI| GB mv¶x hw` †Zvgv‡ì wb‡Ri, †Zvgv‡ì
wcZv- gvZv I AvZœxq-¯^R‡bi wec‡¶I nq| Avi c¶Øq abx wKsev Mixe hvB †nvK bv †Kb, Zv‡ì mK‡ji A‡c¶v
Avjvni GB AwaKvi A‡bK †ekx †h, †Zvgiv Zvi w`‡KB †ekx j¶¨ ivL‡e| wb‡Ri bd‡mi AbymiY Ki‡Z wM‡q mywePvi
†_‡K weiZ †_‡Kv bv|†Zgiv hw` gb ivLv K_v ej wKsev mZëvw`Zv n‡Z `y‡i m‡i _vK Z‡e †R‡b †iL †Zvgiv hv wKQz
Ki Avjvn me wKQzi Lei iv‡Lb|Ó (myiv wbmv Ñ 135)
َّ ‫شنَآنُ قَ ْو ٍم َعلَ ٰى أَ َّْل ت َ ْع ِدلُوا ا ْع ِدلُوا ه َُو أَ ْق َربُ ِللتَّ ْق َو ٰى ُۖ َواتَّقُوا‬
َ‫َّللا‬ َ ‫ْط ُۖ َو َْل يَجْ ِر َم َّن ُك ْم‬ ِ ‫ش َهدَا َء ِب ْال ِقس‬ ُ ِ‫يَا أَيُّ َها الَّذِينَ آ َمنُوا ُكونُوا قَ َّو ِامينَ ِ َّّلِل‬
ُ
0 َ‫ير بِ َما تَ ْع َملون‬
ٌ ِ‫َّللاَ َخب‬ َّ ‫إِ َّن‬
Ò‡n Cgvb`vi †jv‡Kiv, †Zvgiv Avjvni Rb¨ mZ¨ bxwZi Dci ¯’vqxfv‡e `Ûvqgvb I Bbmv‡di mv¶¨ `vZv nI|
4
†Kvb we‡kl `‡ji kÎ“Zv †Zvgv‡ì‡K †hb GZ`yi D‡ËwRZ K‡i bv †`q h, †Zvgiv Bbmvd Z¨vM K‡i †dj‡e| b¨vq
wePvi Ki| e¯‘Zt G KvR ZvK¡Iqvi LyeB wbKUeZ©x| Avjvn‡K fq K‡i Pj| wbðB ‡R‡b †iL, Avjvn †Zvgv‡ì
mg¯—
Kg©KvÛ m¤ú‡K© Lei iv‡Lb|Ó (myiv gv‡q`v Ñ 8)
122
4. Kv‡iv KUz K_vq ev Kzrmv iUbvq D‡ËwRZ bv n‡q âh© aviY Kiv t
ً ‫صبِ ْر َعلَ ٰى َما يَقُولُونَ َوا ْه ُج ْر ُه ْم هَجْ ًرا َج ِم‬
‫يال‬ ْ ‫ َوا‬ÒAvi ‡jv‡Kiv hv e‡j †eov‡”Q †m wel‡q âh© aviY K‡iv Ges f`ªfv‡e
Zv‡ì
†_‡K Avjv`v n‡q hvI|Ó (myiv gy¾vw¤§j Ñ 10)
5. cwic~Y© Øx‡bi `vIqvZ t
‫َّللاَ َْل يَ ْهدِي‬ َّ ‫اس ۗ ِإ َّن‬ ِ َّ‫ص ُمكَ ِمنَ الن‬ َّ ‫سالَتَهُ َو‬
ِ ‫َّللاُ يَ ْع‬ َ ‫نز َل ِإلَيْكَ ِمن َّر ِبّكَ ُۖ َو ِإن لَّ ْم ت َ ْف َع ْل فَ َما بَلَّ ْغتَ ِر‬ ِ ُ ‫سو ُل بَ ِلّغ ْ َما أ‬ َّ ‫يَا أَيُّ َها‬
ُ ‫الر‬
0 َ‫ْالقَ ْو َم ْالكَافِ ِرين‬
Ò‡n ivmyj! †Zvgvi i‡ei c¶ †_‡K †Zvgvi cÖwZ hv wKQz bvwRj Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zv †jvK‡ì ch©š— †cŠ‡Q `vI| Avi hw` G
KvR bv Ki Zvn‡j Zzwg Zv †cŠ‡Q †`qvi nK Av`vq Ki‡j bv|Ó (myiv gv‡q`v Ñ 67)
ُۖ ‫ع ُۖ َوا ْست َ ِق ْم َك َما أ ُ ِم ْرتَ ُۖ َو َْل تَتَّ ِب ْ ْ أ َ ْه َوا َء ُه ْم‬ ُ ْ‫ فَ ِلذَ ٰلِكَ فَاد‬ÒG Rb¨ Zzwg GLb †mB w`‡bi w`‡K `vIqvZ `vI, †hgb `vIqvZ †`qvi
Rb¨ †Zvgv‡K ûKzg †`qv n‡q‡Q| GB †jvK‡ì B”Qv evmbvi AbymiY K‡iv bv|Ó (myiv Avm-ïiv Ñ 15)
6.`vIqvZ `vbKvixi hv KiYxq t
1. g~j K_v ¯úó K‡i Zz‡j aiv 2. Ae¯’v ey‡S wewfbœ cš’v Aej¤^b Kiv 3. `vIqvZ n‡e AKvU¨
`wjj I cÖgvb mg„× 4. e³e¨ n‡e kvjxb, gvwR©Z I cvK-cweÎ
0ٌ ‫ي َح ِميم‬ ٌّ ‫سنُ فَإِذَا الَّذِي بَ ْينَكَ َو َب ْينَهُ َعدَ َاوة ٌ َكأَنَّهُ َو ِل‬ َ ْ‫ِي أَح‬ َ ‫س ِّيئَةُ ادْفَ ْ ْ بِالَّتِي ه‬ َ ‫ َو َْل ت َ ْستَ ِوي ْال َح‬Òfv‡jv
َّ ‫سنَةُ َو َْل ال‬
Avi g›` KLbI mgvb n‡Z
cv†i bv| Zzwg Ab¨vq I g›`‡K `yi Ki †mB fv‡jv Øviv hv AZxe DËg| Zvn‡j Zzwg †`L‡Z cv‡e †Zvgvi mv‡_ hvi
kÎ“Zv wQj †m cÖv‡bi eÜz n‡q‡Q|Ó (nv gxg Avm-mvR`vn Ñ 34) 5. mnR‡eva¨ w`K Zz‡j aiv
6. cÖwZev` g~jK hyw³-c×wZ cwinvi
0 َ‫َّللاُ أ َ ْعلَ ُم بِ َما تَ ْع َملُون‬ َّ ‫ َوإِن َجادَلُوكَ فَقُ ِل‬ÒAvi Zviv hw` †Zvgvi mv‡_ SMov K‡i Zvn‡j Zzwg e‡j `vI, †Zvgiv hv
wKQz Ki‡ZQ
Zv Avj-vn fv‡jv K‡iB Rv‡bb| (myiv n¾ Ñ 68)
7. K_vq mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Kiv hv‡Z Zviv cvëv Avµg‡bi my‡hvM bv cvq
‫َّللاَ َعد ًْوا ِب َغي ِْر ِع ْل ٍم ۗ َك ٰذَلِكَ زَ يَّنَّا ِل ُك ِّل أ ُ َّم ٍة َع َملَ ُه ْم ث ُ َّم ِإلَ ٰى َر ِبّ ِهم َّم ْر ِجعُ ُه ْم‬ َّ ‫سبُّوا‬ ُ َ‫َّللاِ فَي‬ ِ ‫سبُّوا الَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ ِمن د‬
َّ ‫ُون‬ ُ َ ‫َو َْل ت‬
ُ ُ
0 َ‫فيُنَبِّئ ُهم بِ َما كَانوا يَ ْع َملون‬ُ َ
ÒGes †jv‡Kiv Avjvn‡K ev` w`‡q hv‡ì Bev`vZ K‡i Zv‡ì‡K †Zvgiv Mvjv-Mvwj K‡ivbv| Ggb †hb bv nq †h,Giv
wki‡Ki †¶‡Î AMÖmi n‡Z wM‡q AÁZv emZt Avjvn‡KB Mvjv-Mvwj Ki‡Z ïi“ Ki‡e, G fv‡eB Avwg cÖ‡Z¨K RvwZi
wbKU Zv‡ì Kvh©Kjvc‡K my‡kvwfZ K‡i †i‡LwQ| AZtci ¯^xq cÖwZcvj‡Ki wbKU Zv‡ì‡K wd‡i †h‡Z n‡e ZLb
wZwb Zv‡ì‡K me wKQz Rvwb‡q w`‡eb Zviv hv KiZ|Ó (myiv AvbÔAvg Ñ 108)
7. `vIqvZ `vbKvixi hv j¶¨bxq t
1. gh©v`vb e¨w³i gh©v`vi w`‡K j¶¨ †i‡L `vIqvZ `vb
0‫وْل لَهُ قَ ْو ًْل لَّ ِيّنًا لَّ َعلَّهُ َيتَذَ َّك ُر أَ ْو َي ْخش َٰى‬ َ ُ‫ فَق‬0 ‫طغ َٰى‬ َ ُ‫ اذْ َه َبا ِإلَ ٰى فِ ْر َع ْونَ ِإنَّه‬Ò †Zvgiv †divD‡bi Kv‡Q hvI, †Kbbv
†m mxgv jsNb Kvix n‡q
†M‡Q| Zvi mv‡_ bgªfv‡e K_v ej‡e; m¤¢eZt †m Dc‡`k MÖnY Ki‡e wKsev fq †c‡q hv‡e|Ó ( Z¡vnv Ñ 43,44)
2. gb-‡gRvR j¶¨ K‡i ch©vqµ‡g c`‡¶c MÖnY
3. cÖwZev`x cwi‡e‡k bq, AbyKzj cwi‡e‡k `vIqvZ `vb
َ ‫ث َغي ِْر ِه‬ ٍ ‫ض َع ْن ُه ْم َحتَّ ٰى يَ ُخوضُوا فِي َحدِي‬ ْ ‫َو ِإذَا َرأَيْتَ الَّذِينَ يَ ُخوضُونَ فِي آيَاتِنَا فَأَع ِْر‬ ÒZzwg hLb †`L‡e
†h,†jv‡Kiv Avgvi AvqvZ mgy‡ni †`vl mÜvb
Ki‡Z‡Q ZLb Zv‡ì wbKU n‡Z m‡i hvI hZ¶b bv Zviv G cÖms‡Mi K_v-evZ©v eÜ K‡i Aci †Kvb Kv‡R gMœ nq|Ó
(myiv AvbÔAvg Ñ 68)
4. Ab¨g‡bv¯‹ e¨w³i Kv‡Q `vIqvZ bv †`qv
5. hyw³ cÖgvb †ck Kivi mgq e¨w³i †hvM¨Zvi w`‡K †Lqvj ivLv
8.`vIqv‡Z Øx‡bi c×wZ t
1. Ávb-weÁv‡bi DbœwZi mv‡_ `vIqv‡Zi c×wZi DbœwZ Kiv t
0 ‫سانَ َما لَ ْم يَ ْعلَ ْم‬ َ ‫اْلن‬ِ ْ ‫ َعلَّ َم‬0‫علَّ َم بِ ْالقَلَ ِم‬ َ ‫ الَّذِي‬0 ‫ ا ْق َرأْ و َ َربُّكَ ْاْل َ ْك َر ُم‬Òco, †Zvgvi ie eoB AbyMÖnkxj| whwb Kj‡gi
mvnv‡h¨ Ávb
wk¶v w`‡q‡Qb| gvbyl‡K Ggb Ávb wk¶v w`‡q‡Qb hv †m Rvb‡Zv bv|Ó (myiv AvjvK Ñ 3,4,5)
2. wbgœwjwLZ cš’v¸wj Aej¤^b Kivi gva¨‡g `vIqvZ t
1. mvaviY `vIqvZ 2. wPwV-c‡Îi gva¨‡g `vIqvZ 3. eB cov‡bvi gva¨‡g `vIqvZ
123
4. mgm¨vi mgvavb †`wL‡q `vIqvZ 5. wgwWqvi mva¨‡g `vIqvZ (wcÖw›Us I B‡j±ªwb·)
6. ÔB›Uvi‡bUÕ, Ô‡dm eyKÕ BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g `vIqvZ 7. Avj-vni ¶gZv gvnvZ¡ cÖgv‡bi gva¨‡g `vIqvZ
3. mvgvwRK Kv‡R Ask MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g `vIqvZ t
4. gh©v`vi cwicwš’ c×wZ cwiZ¨v‡Mi gva¨‡g `vIqvZ t
1. AvZ¥-gh©v`v i¶v Kiv 2. Bmjvg‡K †nq bv Kiv 3. kwiq‡Zi cwicwš’ KvR bv Kiv
4. e¨w³i B”Qvi wei“‡× KvR bv Kiv 5. cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZ †evSv
5. RbM‡Yi fvlvq `vIqvZ `vb Kiv t
0 ‫يز ْال َح ِكي ُم‬ ُ ‫َّللاُ َمن يَشَا ُء َويَ ْهدِي َمن يَشَا ُء َوه َُو ْالعَ ِز‬ َّ ‫ُض ُّل‬ ِ ‫ان قَ ْو ِم ِه ِليُبَيِّنَ لَ ُه ْم ُۖ فَي‬ َ ‫سو ٍل إِ َّْل ِب ِل‬
ِ ‫س‬ ُ ‫س ْلنَا ِمن َّر‬ َ ‫َو َما أَ ْر‬
ÒGes Avgiv hLb †hLv‡bB †Kvb ivmyj †cÖiY K‡iwQ, wZwb Zvi RvwZi RbM‡bi fvlvqB †m cqMvg †cŠwQ‡q‡Qb, †hb
wZwb Zv‡ì‡K Lye fv‡jv fv‡eB K_v cÖKvk K‡i ej‡Z cv‡ib, AZtci Avjvn hv‡K Pvb †Mvgivn K‡ib Avi hv‡K
Pvb †n`vqvZ `vb K‡ib, wZwb gnv civµgkvjx I ‡KŠkjx|Ó (myiv Beivnxg Ñ 4)
6. mnR fv‡e `vIqvZ cÖ`vb t
‫ش ُِر ْوا َو َْل تُنَفَّ ُر ْوا‬ ّ َ‫س ُِر ْوا َو ب‬ ّ َ‫س ُِر ْوا َو َْل تُع‬ ّ َ‫َّللا ِ (ص) ي‬ َّ ‫س ْو ُل‬ ُ ‫ َع ْن اَن ٍَس (رض) قَا َل قَا َل َر‬ÒnhiZ Avbvm
(ivt) †_‡K ewb©Z| wZwb e‡jb,
ivmyjyjvn (mt) e‡j‡Qb, †Zvgiv (Øx‡bi `vIqvZ) mnR K‡iv, KwVb K‡iv bv| mymsev` `vI, weZkª× K‡iv bv|Ó
(eyLvix I gymwjg)
7. D‡Ï‡kï cwicwš’ c×wZ cwiZ¨vM Kiv t
1. evovevwo 2. A‡nZzK ZK© -weZK© 3. d‡ZvqvevRx
َ‫ش ْيئًا َو َْل يَتَّ ِخذَ َب ْعضُن‬ َ ِ ‫َّللاَ َو َْل نُ ْش ِركَ بِه‬ َّ ‫س َواء ٍ بَ ْينَنَا َوبَ ْينَ ُك ْم أَ َّْل نَ ْعبُدَ إِ َّْل‬
َ ‫ب تَعَالَ ْوا إِلَ ٰى َك ِل َم ٍة‬ ِ ‫قُ ْل يَا أَ ْه َل ْال ِكت َا‬
‫َّللاِ فَإِن ت ََولَّ ْوا فَقُولُوا‬ َّ ‫ُون‬ِ ‫َب ْعضًا أَ ْر َبابًا ِ ّمن د‬
َ
0 َ‫ ا ْش َهد ُوا بِأنَّا ُم ْس ِل ُمون‬Òej †n Avnwj-wKZv‡ei †jv‡Kiv, Ggb GKwU K_vi w`‡K Gm hv Avgv‡ì I †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨
m¤úyY© mgvb| Zv GB †h, Avgiv Avjvn Qvov Avi Kv‡iv `vmZ¡ Ki‡ev bv, Zvi mv‡_ KvD‡K kixK Ki‡ev bv, Zv‡K
Qvov Avi KvD‡K ie wn‡m‡e MÖnY Ki‡ev bv| Zviv hw` G `vIqvZ Keyj bv K‡i, Zvn‡j Zv‡ì‡K GK_v ¯úó K‡i
e‡j `vI †h, †Zvgiv mvw¶ †_‡Kv Avgiv gymjgvb|Ó (myiv Av‡j Bgivb Ñ 64)
‫نز َل ِإلَ ْي ُك ْم‬ ِ ُ ‫نز َل ِإلَ ْينَا َوأ‬ ِ ُ ‫ظلَ ُموا ِم ْن ُه ْم ُۖ َوقُولُوا آ َمنَّا ِبالَّذِي أ‬
َ َ‫سنُ ِإ َّْل الَّذِين‬ َ ْ‫ِي أَح‬ َ ‫ب ِإ َّْل ِبالَّتِي ه‬ ِ ‫َو َْل ت ُ َجا ِدلُوا أَ ْهل َ ْال ِكتَا‬
َ
0 َ‫احد ٌ َونَحْ نُ لهُ ُم ْس ِل ُمون‬ ُ َ ٰ َ
ِ ‫َوإِل ُهنَا َوإِل ُهك ْم َو‬ ٰ
ÒAvi DËg ixwZ I cš’v e¨ZxZ Avnwj wKZve †jvK‡ì mv‡_ ZK© K‡iv bv Ñ †mB †jvK‡ì Qvov hviv Zv‡ì g‡a¨
Rvwjg| Avi ej, Avgiv Cgvb G‡bwQ †mB wRwb‡mi cÖwZ hv Avgv‡ì cÖwZ bvwhj Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges hv †Zvgv‡` cÖwZ
bvwRj Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡ì I †Zvgv‡ì Bjvn †Zv GK Avi Avgiv ZviB AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡ZwQÓ (myiv AvbKveyZ Ñ46)
9.`vIqv‡Zi †¶Î ev ch©vq mgyn t
1. wbR cwiev‡i 2. cÖwZ‡ekxi gv‡S 3. mvaviY RbM‡bi gv‡S 4. Kg©‡¶‡Î 5. wbKU I `yi AvZœx‡qi
gv‡S 6. †ckvRxwe‡ì gv‡S 7. mgv‡Ri †bZ…¯v’ bxq e¨w³‡ì gv‡S
10.`vÕqxi †gŠwjK ¸bvejx t
1. Cgvb, Bjg I Ag‡j,†kªôZ¨ AR©b 2. Av`‡k©i cÖ‡kœ Abp g‡bvfve 3. †Lvjv-‡gjv gb
4. AvPi‡Y gvayh© 5. †MvRvwg‡ji Avkªq bv †bqv 6. †SvK cÖebZv gy³ _vKv 7. mgq m‡PbZv
8. Iqv`v i¶v Kiv 9. wek¦¯’Zv 10. â‡h©i civKvôv †`Lvb 11. Avjvni Dci ZvIv°zj Kiv
50. 21 kZ‡Ki G‡RÛv

Aveyj Avmv`
A¯—vqgvb wek kZ‡Ki Dcmsnvi †_‡KB M‡o DV‡e GKzk kZ‡Ki hvÎvc_| ZvB GB Dcmsnv‡ii ¯îƒc mÜvb LyeB
Ri“ix| Av‡gwiKvb GK †jLK Zvi GK kZvãx-wmwiR MÖ‡š’ kZvãxi ÔMega Trend’ ¸‡jv‡K Zvi gZ K‡i wPbwnZ
K‡i‡Qb| GB ÔMega Trend’ ¸‡jvi ga¨ i‡q‡Q t
1. wek¦ A_©bxwZ 2. wek¦ ivRbxwZ 3. wek¦ ms¯‹…wZ
124
GB ÔMega Trend’ ¸‡jv wek kZvãxi Abb¨ KvwiMwi, êlwqK I eyw×e„wËK DbœwZ Ges GB Dbœq‡bi †mªv‡Z engvb
RvwZms‡Ni Abb¨ f~wgKvi Øviv cÖwZcvwjZ I cwiPvwjZ n‡q AvMvgx kZvãxi wmsnØv‡i GK we‡kl iƒc wb‡q nvwRi n‡”Q|
GB iƒ‡ci wbY©qB GKwesk kZvãxi cÖK…wZ‡K cwi¯‹vi K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i|
cÖ_‡g wek¦ A_©bxwZi kZvãx †k‡li MwZ-cÖK…wZi cÖkœ Av‡m| Avwki `k‡Ki ïi“ ch©š— wek¦ `yB A_©bxwZ- cuywRev` I
KgÿwbR‡gi msNv‡Z ms¶zä wQj| wKš‘ Zvici gy³evRvi A_©bxwZi AcÖwZ‡iva¨ MÖv‡m mgvRev`x A_©bxwZi cZb ïi“ n‡jv|
Avwki `k‡Ki mgvwß‡Z G‡m Zv mgvßI n‡q †Mj| AvR gy³evRvi A_©bxwZi MÖv‡m †MvUv c„w_ex| gy³ evRvi A_©bxwZi gyj
K_v n‡jv t kw³gvb A_©bxwZ weRq jvf Ki‡e, civwRZ n‡e `ye©j A_©bxwZ| GB civR‡qi fq `ye©j A_©bxwZ‡K mej K‡i
Zzj‡e Ges †mI DbœxZ n‡e weRqxi Avm‡b| ZvB mevB‡K gy³ evRvi A_©bxwZi †mªv‡Z wbf©‡q Suvwc‡q co‡Z n‡e| GB ZË¡
K_vq DwjwLZ ÔAvBwWqvj wmï‡qkbÕ nq‡Zv †Kvbw`b Avm‡e wKsev Avm‡eB bv| Z‡e Zvi Av‡MB kw³gvb A_©bxwZi Kivj
MÖv‡m AvZ¥i¶vi AwaKvinxb `ye©j A_©bxwZ civaxb n‡q givi gZ †eu‡P _vKvi ch©v‡q P‡j hv‡e| †hgb Avgv‡ì evsjv‡`k
gy³ evRvi A_©bxwZ MjvatKiY K‡i B‡Zvg‡a¨B we‡`kx cY¨ we‡kl K‡i fviZxq c‡Yï evRv‡i cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| GB Ae¯’vq
evRvi bv cvevi AvksKvq we‡`kx wewb‡qvM GLv‡b Avm‡ebv eis Zv hv‡e evRvi `LjKvix †`‡ki cuywRcwZ‡ì Kv‡Q| hvIqv
ïi“ n‡q‡Q| †h we‡`kx wewb‡qvM evsjv‡`‡k Avmvi K_v wQj Zv wM‡q wewb‡qvM n‡”Q cwðge‡½| Gi Ab¨_v bv NU‡j
Ae¨vnZ GB cÖebZv evsjv‡`k‡K wkí c‡Yï †µZv Ges K…wlc‡Yï we‡µZvq iƒcvš—wiZ Ki‡e|
ejv n‡”Q, GB webvk n‡Z evuPv‡Z GwM‡q Avm‡e ÔIqvì© †UªW AM©vbvB‡RkbÕ (W.T.O)| wKš‘ RvwZms‡Ni gZ GB ms¯’vI
kw³gvb‡ì Øviv cwiPvwjZ Ges kw³gvb A_©bxwZiB ¯^v_© cyiv Ki‡e| ïay ZvB bq, GB ms¯’v gy³evRvi evwY‡Rï
wek¦wbqš¿K wn‡m‡e AvZ¥i¶vq DØy× `ye©j A_©bxwZi †eqvovcbv‡K kv‡q¯—v Kivi Rb¨ evwYR¨ Ae‡iva Av‡ivc Ki‡Z cvi‡e
nq‡Zv ÔgnvbÕ gy³evRvi A_©bxwZi g~jëvb ¯^v‡_©B|
gy³evRvi A_©bxwZi GB wek¦iƒc we‡k¦ GKK A_©bxwZ Movi j‡¶B| hvi wbqš¿‡b _vK‡e AvR‡Ki kw³gvb A_©bxwZ¸‡jv,
Avi †kvwlZ n‡e AbybœZ I DbœqbgyLx A_©bxwZi †`kmg~n| AvR‡Ki wek¦ A_©bxwZi kZvãx †k‡li GUvB cÖeYZv|
GB cÖeYZv Zvi j‡¶ †cŠuQ‡Z cvi‡j, GKK GK wek¦ A_©bxwZ Mov Ges Zv‡K GK‡K›`ªxK wbqš¿‡b Avbvi cÖqvm mdj n‡j
we‡k¦i gvby‡li ivR‰bwZK I mvs¯‹…wZK Rxe‡b Zvi Aïf cÖfve †b‡g Avm‡e|
AbybœZ I DbœqbgyLx gymwjg A_©bxwZ¸‡jvi Rb¨ GUv GKwesk kZvãxi cÖ_g P¨v‡jÄ|
wek kZ‡Ki wØZxq ÔMega Trend’ wn‡m‡e Av‡m wek¦ ivRbxwZi K_v|
BmivB‡ji cÖ_g cÖavbgš¿x †WwfW †eb¸wiqvb GKUv wek¦ iv‡óªi ¯^cœ †`‡LwQ‡jb| hvi †bZ…Z¡ †`‡e Bûwìv Ges hvi ivRavbx
n‡e †Ri“Rv‡jg| Zvi ¯^‡cœi fwel¨r Avwg Rvwb bv, Z‡e GK wek¦ A_©bxwZi gZB GK wek¦ ivóª Movi axi I QÙ‡ekx cÖqvm
Pj‡Q| GB cÖqv‡m QvZv wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡”Q RvwZmsN Ges A¯¿ wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡”Q MYZš¿| MYZš¿ Rq K‡i‡Q †hgb
Kgÿwbó mvgªvR¨, †Zgwb Rq Ki‡e †MvUv wek¦| we‡kl msÁvwqZ G MYZ‡š¿i Av`‡k©i Kv‡Q RvZxq ¯^v_© I RvZxq AwaKvi‡K
ewj w`‡Z ejv n‡”Q| ewj bv w`‡j kw³ cÖqv‡MiI eë¯’v i‡q‡Q| MYZ‡š¿i ¯^v_© i¶vi Rb¨B nvBwZ‡Z Avš—R©vwZK evwnbx
bvgv‡bv n‡q‡Q RvwZms‡Ni †bZ…‡Z¡| Ggb nvBwZ fwel¨‡Z AviI A‡bK n‡Z cv‡i|
MYZš¿ wKš‘ mgm¨v bq, mgm¨v n‡jv MYZ‡š¿i A_© I i³‡mªv‡Zi Dci Zv‡ì eZ©gvb †h ivóªmsnwZ M‡o Zz‡j‡Q, †m i³‡mªvZ
cÖevwnZ bv n‡j Ges †m mgq MYZ‡š¿i bxwZ Abym„Z n‡j Zv‡ì GB ivóªmsnwZ M‡o DV‡Zv bv| GgbwK †iW BwÛqvb‡ìI
GKvwaK ivóª m„wó n‡Zv| GB BwZnvm Zviv fy‡j †M‡Q| †hgb Avgv‡ì cÖwZ GLb Zv‡ì bmxnZ, we‡`ªvnx kvwš— evwnbxi
Mv‡q Avgv‡ì nvZ †`qv hv‡e bv| Z_vKw_Z Avwèvwm e‡j Zv‡ì gvwU‡Z Avgv‡ì cv †`qv hv‡ebv| †`‡ki wfZi †Kvb
MÖ“c ev †Kvb e¨w³ hw` we‡`kx UvKvi cyZzj †m‡R HwZn¨ I g~j¨‡eva‡K Mjv wU‡c gvi‡Z Pvq, Zvn‡jI MYZ‡š¿i Av`‡k©i
¯^v‡_© Zv‡ì RvgvB Avì w`‡q †h‡Z n‡e|
MYZ‡š¿i `vwqZ¡nxb GB Av`k© AbybœZ I DbœqbgyLx Ges mgm¨v cxwoZ †`k I RvwZ‡K Ø›Ø-msNv‡Z ¶Z-we¶Z GgbwK LÛ-
weLÛ Ki‡Z cv‡i| Aš—Z Avi wKQz bv †nvK eû gZ I c‡_ wef³ Ges `ye©j‡Zv Ki‡eB| G ai‡bi †`k I RvwZ‡K Zv‡ì
¯^Kxq Av`k© I g~j¨‡eva †_‡K Abvqv‡mB mwi‡q Avbv hvq Ges Zv‡ì ivRbxwZ, A_©bxwZ I ms¯‹…wZi Dci we‡`kx wbqš¿b
cÖwZôv mnR nq|
Gi mv‡_ hy³ n‡q‡Q GbwRI cÖfve| Giv bv‡g Ôbb-Mfb©‡g›Uvj AM©vbvB‡RkbÕ n‡jI G‡ì miKvwi f‚wgKv µgea©gvb n‡q
D‡V‡Q| GLwb Giv miKvwi ev‡R‡Ui GKUv Ask cv‡”Q| wbKU fwel¨‡Z Giv miKv‡ii †MvUv mvwf©m I Dbœqb †m±i
cwiPvjbvi AwaKvi †c‡q hv‡”Q| ZLb AvBb k„sLjv I †`k i¶v Qvov miKv‡ii nv‡Z Avi wKQzB _vK‡e bv| RvwZms‡Ni
Abym„Z bxwZ ivóªmgy‡ni †`k i¶v eë¯’v‡K msKywPZ A_ev we‡jvc K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| RvwZmsN kvwš— i¶vi KvR A‡bK
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Av‡MB ïi“ K‡i‡Q Ges kvwš— cÖwZôvi Kv‡RI nvZ w`‡q‡Q| AZGe RvwZmsN wbivcËvi M¨vivw›U w`‡q msMZ Kvi‡YB
ivóªmgyn‡K †`k i¶v evwnbx Lv‡Z LiP eÜ Ki‡Z ej‡Z cv‡i| myZivs miKv‡ii KvR ZLb n‡q `vuov‡e ïay kvwš—-k„sLjv
i¶v Kiv Ges miKv‡ii GB KvRI wbqwš¿Z n‡e GbwRI‡ì Øviv| KviY GbwRIiv †MvUv mvwf©m I Dbœqb †m±‡ii gvwjK
nIqvi d‡j †`‡ki ivRbxwZ ZvivB wbqš¿b Ki‡e| Avi GbwRIiv, mevB Rv‡bb, Avw_©K I Av`k©MZ w`K †_‡K g~jZ
RvwZmsN A_ev RvwZms‡Ni cwiPvjK kw³mgy‡ni AvÁven| G Ae¯’vq ivóªmgyn Kvh©ZB RvwZmsN bv‡gi GK‡K›`ªxK GK
kw³i Aax‡b P‡j hv‡e|
iv‡óªi Ab¨Zg wbqvgK n‡jv RvZxqZv‡eva| GB RvZxqZv‡eva we‡jvc A_ev `ye©j KiviI GKUv cÖ‡Póv wek¦e¨vcx Pj‡Q|
RvwZmsN Zvi Dbœqb, †mev I kvwš— cÖwZôvgyjK G‡RÝx mgy‡ni gva¨‡g GKUv Avš—R©vwZK `„wó‡Kvb M‡o Zzj‡Q Ges
cvi¯úwiK wbf©iZvi GK Acwinvh© Ae¯’v m„wó Ki‡Q| G Ae¯’v RvZxq wPš—v‡K ax‡i ax‡i †cQ‡b †V‡j w`‡e Ges Avš—
R©vwZK we‡ePbv‡K eo K‡i Zzj‡e| RvwZms‡Ni wcQ‡b Ôbv‡Ui ¸i“Õ hviv, Zv‡ì D‡Ïk¨ nvwm‡ji Rb¨ GB Ôk~b¨
RvZxq‡evaÕ Ae¯’v me‡P‡q †ewk cÖ‡qvRb|
Gfv‡eB c„w_exi AvR‡Ki kw³gvbiv RvwZms‡Ni Qvqvq `vwo‡q RvwZmsN‡K bZzb GK wek¦iƒc w`‡Z Pv‡”Q| RvwZms‡Ni
Rbbw›`Z †m‡µUvwi †Rbv‡ij `vM n¨vgvi †kvì e‡jwQ‡jb, RvwZmsN‡K n‡Z n‡e Ôwek¦ ms¯’vÕ, Ôwek¦ miKviÕ bq| †m n‡e
Dbœqb I kvwš—i mnvqZvKvix| †Kvbµ‡gB RvwZmgy‡ni ivR‰bwZK , A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹„wZK †Kvb wm‡÷‡gi
wW‡±kbKvix bq| wKš‘ RvwZmsN‡K AvR ivóªmgyn‡K `ye©j I wbqwš¿Z Kivi Kv‡R eënvi Kiv n‡”Q| we‡k¦i `ye©j RvwZ
mgy‡ni gZ gymjgvb‡ì‡KI GKwesk kZ‡Ki GB RwUj ivR‰bwZK P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z n‡e|
we‡k¦ GK A_©bxwZ I GK ivRbxwZi gZ †MvUv wek¦‡K GK ms¯‹…wZi Aax‡b AvbviI `y`©vš— cÖqvm Pj‡Q| GB j‡¶ `ywbqvi
gvby‡li Rb¨ GKK GK g~j¨‡eva cÖwZôvq RvwZmsN KvR Ki‡Q| Zviv Pv‡”Q †MvUv `ywbqvi Rb¨ gyj¨‡ev‡ai GKK GKwU
gvb`Ê wba©viY Ki‡Z| GB gvb`‡Ûi bvg †`qv n‡”Q Ô†mKz¨jvi wnDg¨vwbRgÕ| RvwZms‡Ni G msµvš— `wjj `¯—v‡e‡R GB
ZË¡ `vuo Kiv‡bv n‡”Q †h, gvbevwaKvi mK‡ji D‡aŸ©| RvZxq ag©, RvZxq ms¯‹…wZ, RvZxq HwZn¨ BZ¨vw` AwaKvi meB Gi
Aaxb| GB AwaKvi¸‡jv ZZUzKzB †fvM Kiv hv‡e, hZUzKz ÔgvbevwaKviÕ AbygwZ †`q| RvwZms‡Ni GK `wj‡j Gfv‡e ejv
n‡q‡Q, mvs¯‹…wZK Rxeb I cwiP‡qi weKvkmn mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi cÖwZwU e¨w³i R‡b¨B ¯^xK…Z| wKš‘ GB mvs¯‹…wZK
AwaKvi‡K mxgvnxb Kiv hv‡e bv| hLbB Zv gvby‡li AwaKv‡ii Dci n¯—‡¶c K‡i ZLbB mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi APj n‡q
c‡o| Gi cwi¯‹vi A_© GB †h, mvs¯‹…wZK AwaKvi gvby‡li †gŠj ¯^vaxbZv I AwaKvi Le© Kivi A¯¿ wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv hv‡e
bv| (United Nation Background Note-by Diana Ayten Shenker) GB `„wófw½B RvwZms‡Ni bvB‡ivex
m‡¤§jb, Kvq‡ivi RbmsL¨v I Dbœqb m‡¤§jb, †Kv‡cb †n‡M‡bi mvgvwRK kxl© m‡¤§jb, †eBwRs Gi wek¦ bvix m‡¤§jb
BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g cÖwZôvi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges AviI n‡e| D‡Ø‡Mi welq Gme m‡¤§j‡b my‡KŠk‡j cÖYxZ ag©wbi‡c¶
gvbeZvev` (Secular Humanism) cÖwZôvi `wj‡j AwaKvsk gymwjg †`kI `¯—LZ K‡i‡Q| A_P RvwZmsN cÖPvwiZ
Ôag©wbi‡c¶ gZev`Õ Gi ZË¡ †g‡b wb‡j Bmjvg‡K †K‡U †QvU weKjv½ K‡i gmwR‡` cy‡i ivL‡Z n‡e| Zv‡ì ejv DwPZ
wQj, Z_vKw_Z mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi AvBb wbwðZ fv‡eB gvbe Rxeb, Zvi ¯^vaxbZv I wbivcËvi HwZn¨ msi¶b‡K
wech©¯— I wecbœ K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i| Bmjv‡gi Av`k© I ms¯‹…wZi gva¨‡g Kvh©Kifv‡e hw` gvbe gh©v`vi cÖwZôv nq, †mUvB
nq mwZ¨Kv‡ii gvbevwaKvi cÖwZôv| wKš‘ GB K_v †KD Avgiv ewjwb|
Gfv‡e Ab¨ †KDI ej‡Q bv, Ab¨ RvwZ, Ab¨ ag©I bq| Zvi d‡j, Ôag©wbi‡c¶ gvbeZvev`Õ-B wek¦ ms¯‹…wZi GKgvÎ
gvb`Ê n‡q `vuov‡”Q| Ab¨ K_vq GUvB n‡q `vuov‡”Q wek¦ ms¯‹…wZ|
Gi dj n‡e AZ¨š— fqven| Avgiv Avgv‡ì ag© cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡ev bv| DËivwaKvi AvBb‡K ejv n‡e gvbevwaKvi
we‡ivax, kvw¯—i AvBb AwfwnZ n‡e ee©i e‡j, c`©v‡K ejv n‡e gvbevwaKv‡ii †Ljvc, Kzievwb‡K ejv n‡e AcPq BZ¨vw`|
GgbwK Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ‡K wbwl× Kiv n‡e gvbevwaKv‡ii cwicwš’ e‡j| me‡P‡q eo K_v n‡jv, †Kv_vI RvZxq Av`k©
wfwËK ivóªMwVZ n‡j Zv‡K AwfwnZ Kiv n‡e gvbevwaKvi we‡ivax mš¿vmx ivóª wn‡m‡e| Ô†mKzjvi wnDg¨vwbRgÕ cÖK…Z c‡¶
m~`yicÖmvix GKUv lohš¿| Gi j¶¨ gvbyl‡K Zvi Aj‡¶¨ Zvi ag© †_‡K mwi‡q †bqv| gvby‡li ag© bv _vK‡j Zvi RvZxqZv
aŸ‡m co‡e| RvZxqZv aŸ‡m co‡j Zvi ivóªI aŸ‡m co‡e| GUvB Pv‡”Q AvR‡Ki QÙ‡ek wb‡q `vuov‡bv wek¦wbqš¿Kiv|
we‡k¦ ag©mgyn‡K we‡kl K‡i Bmjvg‡K ag© I ms¯‹…wZ we‡ivax GB P¨v‡jÄ †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z n‡e GKwesk kZ‡K|
we‡kl K‡i Bmjvg‡KB GB P¨v‡jÄ †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z n‡e| KviY, Ab¨ ag©¸‡jvi †KvbwUB gvby‡li cyYv©½ Rxeb eë¯’v
wn‡m‡e Kvh©Kix bq| myZivs Zviv P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡e bv, Ki‡Z PvB‡jI Zviv cvi‡e bv| wKš‘ Bmjvg c~Y©v½ Rxeb
weavb| ïay BmjvgB Zv‡ì P¨v‡jÄ K‡i wU‡K _vK‡Z cv‡i| Bmjv‡gi kÎ“ivI G K_v ej‡Q| The End History- Gi
†jLK d«vwÝm dKyqvgv Kgy¨wbR‡gi aŸsm¯‘‡ci Dci `vuwo‡q e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔcvðvZ¨ I cvðvZ¨ wPš—v avivi weRq cÖgvb Ki‡Q
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†h, cwðgv D`vi‰bwZK gZev‡ì cÖwZØ›Øx me eë¯’vB AvR LZg n‡q †M‡QÕ| wKš‘ wZwb Avevi e‡j‡Qb, Z‡e cÖwZØ›ØxZv
GKUv n‡e a‡g©i mv‡_ Avm‡Q GKwesk kZvãx‡Z Ges Zuvi g‡Z †m ag© ÔBmjvgÕ|
myZivs GKwesk kZvãxi ivRbxwZ, A_©bxwZ Ges ms¯‹…wZ †h P¨v‡jÄ wb‡q nvwRi n‡”Q GKwesk kZvãx‡Z, gvbeZvi mvg‡b,
Zvi †gvKvwejv Bmjvg‡KB Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avi G `vwqZ¡ we‡k¦i gymjgvb‡ì| Avb‡›ì welq, G `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Rb¨ RvZxq Rxe‡b †h †i‡bmuvi cÖ‡qvRb †m †i‡bmuv
AvR m„wó n‡q‡Q gymwjg we‡k¦| †i‡bmuvi wbkvbe`©vi msMV‡biI m„wó n‡q‡Q gymwjg †`‡k †`‡k| µgea©gvb nv‡i Zi“b‡ì
m¤ú„³Zvq G msMVb¸‡jv weKwkZ n‡q DV‡Q| Z¨vM I †Kvievbxi †¶‡ÎI †i‡bmuv-Kv‡djvi wbkvb e`©viiv wcwQ‡q †bB|
AvR †MvUv `ywbqvq Av`‡k©i Rb¨ I Av`k© cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Rxeb w`‡”Q GKgvÎ gymjgvbivB|
Z‡e cÖ‡qvR‡bi Zzjbvq Ges P¨v‡j‡Äi wbwi‡L GUzKz h‡_ó bq| Gme KvR‡K AviI msnZ I kw³kvjx Kivi Rb¨ †gŠj wKQy
wel‡q gymwjg Zi“b‡ì wb‡R‡ì‡K †hvM¨ K‡i M‡o †Zvjv cÖ‡qvRb| †gŠj GB welq‡K K‡qKwU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq :
1. wb‡R‡ì Rxeb eë¯’v I Zvi BwZe„Ë m¤ú‡K© we¯—vwiZ ÁvbvR©b, †KviAvb-nv`xm Ges gnvbexi Rxeb m¤ú‡K©‡Zv
Aek¨B, Bmjv‡gi AvBb I HwZn¨ m¤ú‡K© I mg¨K ÁvbvR©b Ki‡Z n‡e|
2. Bmjvgx wk¶vi Av‡jv‡K cÖwZwU gymwjg Zi“b‡K Zvi Pvicv‡k hv Av‡Q, hv NU‡Q Zvi cÖwZ Zx¶è wbix¶bx `„wó
ivLvi †hvM¨Zv AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e- ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvs¯‹…wZK me welqB G wbix¶‡bi †¶‡Î Zv‡ì g‡b
ivL‡Z n‡e, `„wó-g‡bvnvixZv bq mZ¨B Avmj K_v| AvR Avgiv Ggb GK mg‡q evm KiwQ hLb cÖPviYv †Rv‡i Lye
mn‡RB wg_¨v‡K mZ¨ cªwZcbœ Kiv n‡”Q| GB Ae¯’vq MÖnb ev eR©‡bi †¶‡Î Bmjvgx bxwZ‡eva mvg‡b †i‡L
AbymÜvb, Aa¨qb I we‡kl‡Yi gva¨‡g wm×vš— MÖnb Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. Zxeª mvs¯‹…wZK msNv‡Zi GB hy‡M gymwjg Zi“b‡ì‡K wb‡R‡ì mvs¯‹„wZK bxwZ‡eva I cwiPq‡K fv‡jvfv‡e
ü`q½g Ki‡Z n‡e| AvU©-AvwK©‡UKPvi †_‡K ïi“ K‡i Rxeb PP©vi mKj †¶‡Î Bmjv‡gi wPš—v I `k©b‡K
fv‡jvfv‡e ey‡S wb‡Z n‡e Ges eyS‡Z n‡e Bmjv‡gi mv‡_ Ab¨ ms¯‹…wZ¸‡jvi †gŠj cv_©K¨ mg~n| GB ch©v‡jvPbvi
Ávb Zv‡ì‡K wb‡R‡ì Ges Ab¨‡ì Ae¯’vb‡K eyS‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e Ges P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejvq mg_©¨ K‡i Zzj‡e|
4. gymjgvb‡ì weÁv‡bi †h cZvKv 9k eQi Av‡M AebwgZ n‡qwQ‡jv Ges mv‡o 6k eQi Av‡M f~jywÚZ n‡q‡Q, †mB
cZvKvi Mwe©Z wki Avevi D‡aŸ© Zz‡j aivi Rb¨ gymwjg Zi“b‡ì GwM‡q Avm‡Z n‡e|
5. Bmjvg mKj hy‡Mi me©vaywbK gZev`| G gZev`‡K hyMc~e© APj fvlv ev †KŠkj bq, hyM‡kªô fvlvq hy‡MvËi j¶¨
mvg‡b †i‡L Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e| ïay Zvn‡jB GB Av`k© hyM-P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejv K‡i mKj gvby‡li N‡i wM‡q
†cŠuQ‡Z cvi‡e|
GB KiYxq KvR¸‡jv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z cvi‡j gymwjg Zi“biv †h Ávb I mvs¯‹„wZK kw³‡Z mw¾Z n‡e Zv GKwesk kZvãxi
P¨v‡jÄ †gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRb|
GKwesk kZvãxi P¨v‡jÄ g~jZB mvs¯‹…wZK I eyw×e„wËK| GB P¨v‡jÄi g‡a¨ Aek¨B A_©bxwZ, ivRbxwZ I mgikw³i gZ
w`K¸‡jv Av‡Q| Z‡e G¸‡jvi AR©b, AwaKvi, eënvi, Kvh©KvwiZv- mewKQyB eyw×i kw³i Dci wbf©ikxj| Kgy¨wbRg i¶vi
me A¯¿ me A_© †mvwf‡qZ fvÛv‡i _vKvi ciI êix Ávb I ms¯‹…wZi mqjv‡e †hgb Zv †kl n‡q †M‡Q, †Zgwb, Ô†mKz¨jvi
wnDg¨vwbRgÕ Ges AvMÖvmx cuywR I AvwacZ¨ i¶vi ÔMYZš¿Õ Zvi fvÛv‡i me A¯¿, me A_© †i‡LB †kl n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i,
cÖ‡qvRb ïay Bmjv‡gi gnvb gvbeZvev`x Ávb I ms¯‹…wZi AvaywbKZg gv‡bi cÖPÛ GK mqjve|
51. ev` w`b ev‡R Af¨vm

gvbyl Af¨v‡mi `vm, Z‡e †mB Af¨vm †hb A‡bï weiw³i KviY bv nq-Zvn‡j wKš‘ mgm¨vq co‡Z n‡e| A‡bK mgq j¾v-
AcgvbI nRg Ki‡Z n‡e| ZviciI ev‡R Af¨vm Qv‡o bv| †Zgwb wKQz Af¨vm I †m¸‡jvi nvZ †_‡K gyw³i Dcvq wb‡q
Avgv‡ì AvR‡Ki g~j Dc¯’vcbv|
1. K_v jvMv‡bv t- wek¦¯ÍZv Rxe‡b Lye Riæwi| †KD nq‡Zv Avcbv‡K wek¦vm K‡i †Kv‡bv K_v e‡j‡Q| Avcwb †mB K_v
Ab¨‡K e‡j †`b Zvn‡j ‡mUvI ev‡R Af¨vm|
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mgvavb t- hLb Avcbv‡K wek¦vm K‡i‡Q e‡j‡Q g‡b ivL‡eb Zv iÿv Kivi `vwqZ¡I Avcbvi| hw` g‡b K‡ib
Avcwb e‡j w`‡Z cv‡ib, Zvn‡j G ai‡bi K_v †kvbv †_‡K weiZ _vKzb|
2. †ewk K_v t- evPvjZv wb‡Ri e¨w³‡Z¡i Rb¨ ÿwZKi| AwZwi³ K_v Avcbv‡K weeªZKi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †d‡j ‡`‡e|
mgvavb t- K_v `xN© Ki‡j Avmj K_vB nvwi‡q h‡Z cv‡i| hw` g‡b K‡ib Avcwb †ekx K_v ej‡Qb Zvn‡j ejvi
mgq m‡PZb _vKzb| AvcbRb‡ì wRÄvmv Kiæb K_v ejvi mgq †Lqvj Ki‡Z Avcwb †ewk ej‡Qb wKbv| Zvn‡j
_vwg‡q w`‡Z wKsev weiw³ cÖKvk Ki‡Z| Ab_©K K_v bv e‡j mvi K_vUzKz ejyb| †`L‡eb hv ej‡Qb mevB Zv
gb‡hvM w`‡q ïb‡Q| †Póv Kiæb hv N‡U‡Q ev hv mZ¨ ZvB ej‡Z|
3. AvNvZ w`‡q K_v t- Avcwb ¯úóevw`, Gi A_© GB bq †h Ab¨‡K AvNvZ w`‡q K_v ej‡eb| †KD Avcbvi gZ bvI
n‡Z cv‡i|
mgvavb t- g‡b ivL‡eb Ab¨‡K AvNvZ †Ìqvi g‡a¨ ‡Kvb K…wZZ¡ †bB| A‡bK KwVb K_vI A‡bK my›ì K‡i ejv
m¤¢e- G Af¨vm iß Kiæb| K_v ejvi mgq m‡PZb _vKzb †hb Avcbvi K_vq †KD Kó bv cvq|
4. Ab¨‡K ej‡Z bv †Ìqv t- GK Zidv A‡b‡KB K_v ej‡Z _v‡Kb| A_P Av‡jvPbv ev AvÇvi mgq A‡bï K_vI
ïb‡Z nq, ejvi my‡hvM w`‡Z nq G †Lqvj _v‡Kbv|
mgvavb t- Av‡jvPbv ev AvÇvq fv‡jv †kªvZvi Kì A‡bK| Av‡M A‡bï K_v ï‡b Zvici ejyb| †Lqvj ivLyb
Abïv ejvi my‡hvM cv‡”Q wKbv| wb‡R Kg K_v e‡j Ab¨‡K ej‡Z w`b|
5. K_v bv ivLv t- A‡b‡KB Av‡Qb K_v †Ìqvi mgq nq‡Zv bv ey‡SB K_v w`‡q †d‡jb| ciewZ©‡Z iÿv Ki‡Z
cv‡ib bv| †Zgwb memgq †`wi K‡i †cŠuQv‡bvI ev‡R Af¨vm| †`wi K‡i Avmvi Kvi‡Y A‡b‡KB nq‡Zv wei³ nb
Ges weo¤^bvq c‡ob|
mgvavb t- †Lqv‡ji e‡k KL‡bv KvD‡K K_v w`‡eb bv| K_vw †Ìqvi mgq m‡PZb _vKzb Avcwb iÿv Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb †Zv? K_v †Ìqvi ci hw` eyS‡Z cv‡ib Avcwb ivL‡Z cvi‡e bv Z‡e Av‡M fv‡MB Rvwb‡q w`b| hv‡Z
Avcbvi Rb¨ Kv‡iv Amyweav bv nq| mgqvbyewZ©Zv Rxe‡bi Rb¨ Riæwi| me mgq nv‡Z mgq wb‡q †ei n‡eb| hv‡Z
wbw`©ó mgq †cuŠQv‡Z cv‡ib|
6. Cl©v t- Cl©v Rxeb‡K wcwQ‡q †`q| Ac‡ii fv‡jv ev myL †`‡L wnsmv bv K‡i eis wb‡R †mB ¸Y¸‡jv AR©‡bi †Póv
Kiæb|
mgvavb t- wb‡Ri hv wKQz Av‡Q Zv wb‡q myLx nIqvi †Pó Kiv DwPZ| eis Cl©v bv K‡i A‡bï fv‡jv wKQz Abymib
K‡i †m iKg nIqvi †Póv Kiæb| wb‡R wb‡R Abyaveb Kivi †Pó Kiæb Avcwb Cl©v Ki‡Qb GZ Avcbvi †Kv‡bv
jvf n‡”Q wK?
7. m‡›`n t- m‡›`n wbtm‡›`‡n Lvivc Af¨vm| m¤ú‡K© dvUj aivq| m‡›`ncÖeY gvbyl wb‡R‡K wb‡qI wb‡Ri Ae¯’vb
wb‡q kw¼Z _v‡K| Zvi G Af¨v‡m AbïvI wei³ nq|
mgvavb t- KvD‡K m‡›`n bv K‡i eis IB e¨w³‡KB mivmwi wR‡Ám Kiæb| Avmj mZÜv Rvbvi †Póv Kiæb|
m‡›`n †_‡K `y‡i _vKvi me‡P‡q fv‡jv cš’v wb‡Ri wel‡q m‡PZb I AvZ¥cÖZ¨qx nIqv| Avcwb Ggb NUbv NUv‡Z
cv‡ib bv- Ggb AvZ¥wek¦vm a‡i ivLyb| Avcbv‡K †KD m‡›`n Ki‡j Pzc _vKzb| Avmj mZ¨ Ggwb‡ZB †ewi‡q
Avm‡e|
8. ciwb›`v t- Kvi‡Y-AKvi‡Y Ac‡ii †`vl-ÎæwU mevB‡K e‡j †eov‡bv ev‡R Af¨vm| A‡bK mgq Ac‡i hv K‡iwb
ZvI evwb‡q evwb‡q ej‡Z †`Lv hvq KvD‡K KvD‡K|
mgvavb t- Ac‡ii †`vl-ÎæwU †Mvcb ivLyb| cÖPvi Ki‡eb bv| g‡b ivL‡eb, AvcbviI fzj n‡Z cv‡i| ciwb›`v
e¨w³MZ I mvgvwRK m¤ú‡K© dvUj aivq| GiKg ev‡R Af¨vm n‡j wb‡R wb‡R m‡PZb n‡q KvwU‡q DVzb|
9. A‡bï †`vl †LuvRv t- Ah_v Kv‡iv †`vl ai‡eb bv| †KD †Kv‡bv fzj Ki‡j Ab¨vq Ki‡j wb‡RB ms‡kvab K‡i
w`b| Kv‡iv K_v evZ©v, PvjPjb cQ›` bv n‡j Pzc _vKzb, Z‡e †mUv hw` Avcbvi Rb¨ ÿwZi KviY nq|
mgvavb t- A‡bï †`vl bv Ly‡R Zvi fvj w`K Ly‡R †ei Kivi g‡a¨B Avb›`| †`vl hw` ej‡ZB nq mevi mvg‡b bv
e‡j Avov‡j ïa‡i w`b|
10. cÿcvwZZ¡ t- Avcbvi eÜz ev Avcb Rb Ab¨vq Ki‡j, Lvivc eënvi Ki‡j Zv‡K †Q‡o w`‡eb bv| wbi‡cÿ wePvi
Kiæb| Ab¨vq Ki‡j ÿgv PvB‡Z ejyb| cÿcvZnxb AvPiY e¨w³Z¡‡K `„p Ki‡e|
mgvavb t- cÿcvZ `yó gvbyl‡K †KD cQ›` K‡ib bv| cÿcvZ AvPi‡b A‡bï ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i| †Kvb wKQz Kivi
Av‡M AšÍZ GKevi †f‡e †`Lyb mevi cÖwZ AvPiY wVK Av‡Q wK bv| wb‡R eyS‡Z bv cvi‡j †Kvb wm×všÍ †bIqvi
Av‡M Av‡jvPbv K‡i wb‡Z cv‡ib|
11. †gvevBj †dvb t- A‡b‡KB A‡nZyK ‡Rv‡i †Rv‡i †gvevBj †dv‡b K_v e‡jb| A‡bï weiw³i wel‡q †Lqvj K‡ib
bv| †Kvbv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Av‡jvPbvi g‡aÏ K_v ej‡Z _v‡Kb| A‡b‡Ki †gvevBj †dv‡bi wis‡UvbI A‡bK mgq
weiw³i KviY n‡q `vuovq|
128
mgvavb t- †gvevBj †dv‡b K_v ejvi mgq †Lqvj ivLyb Avcbvi K_vq A‡bï Amyweav n‡”Q wKbv| Riæwi n‡j Ab¨
RvqMvq wM‡q K_v ejyb| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Av‡jvPbvi mgq †dvb mvB‡j›U ivLyb| Kv‡Qi gvbyl‡ì Rvwb‡q ivLyb G mgq
Avcwb e¨¯Í _v‡Kb Riæwi bv n‡j †dvb bv Ki‡Z| †dv‡bi wis‡Uvb Avcbvi iæwPi cÖKvk K‡i| ZvB m‡PZb _vKzb|
12. AviI hZ ev‡R Af¨vm t-
◌ Av½yj gUKv‡bv ◌ bvK-gy‡L iægvj ev nvZ bv w`‡q
◌ `vuZ †LvPv‡bv nvwPKvwk
◌ †hLv‡b †mLv‡b cv‡bi wcK †djv| ◌ †g‡S‡Z cv N‡l nuvUv
◌ `vuZ w`‡q bL KvUv ◌ †eZb I eqm KZ wR‡Ám Kiv
wKfv‡e Z¨vM Ki‡eb t- Af¨vm‡Zv AvcwbB m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Avcbvi‡Zv fv‡jv Af¨vmI Av‡Q| myZivs Af¨v‡mi cwieZ©b
Kivi `vwqZ¡UvI GKvšÍB Avcbvi| Zvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb ïay wb‡Ri m‡PZbZv Avi mw`”Qv| ev‡R Af¨vm cwieZ©‡bi wel‡q
m‡PZb _vKzb| Kv‡Qi Rb‡KI ejyb ïa‡i w`‡Z| Avcbvi Avkcv‡k Ggb gvbyl Av‡Q hv‡ì g‡a¨ Avcbvi ev‡R Af¨vm¸‡jv
†bB| Zv‡ì AbymiY Ki‡Z cv‡ib| cÖ‡qvR‡b g‡bvwPwKrm‡Ki civgk© wbb|
13. wKQz gRvi welq t-
◌ mvg‡bi Front G ◌ Suppose(g‡b K‡ib)
◌ Cach(a‡ib) ◌ Avcvgi
14. †`vlbxq welq t-
◌ AvZ‡ii `vM ◌ Pv cv‡bi kã
◌ gy‡Li MÜ ◌ Av‡cj/Kgjv wPwe‡q/wd«‡R ivLv
◌ UvB evav ◌ cvwb cwi‡ek‡bi mgq Møvm ay‡q
◌ Kvc‡o/kix‡i Nv‡gi MÜ Møv‡mi Mv‡qi cvwb bv gy‡Q cvwb †`qv
◌ RyZv Kvwj Ki‡Z mgq bv _vKv ◌ †gvRv/†MwÄ MÜ nevi ciI Zv eënvi
◌ LveviMÖnY Kvjxb kã Kiv/†¯cÖ eënvi
52. Ab¨vb¨ QvÎmsMV‡bi †bZ…e„‡›ì mv‡_ Avgv‡ì m¤úK©

Avgv‡ì Strength wK wK :
1. me©`jxq QvÎ H‡Kï Aš—f©~w³ 6. RvZxq Av‡›`vjb I miKv‡i AskMÖnb
2. wk¶vcÖwZôv‡b Avgv‡ì gReywZ 7. †bZ…Z¡ mgmvgwqK nIqv
3. Avgv‡ì cÖKvkbv Dcnvi †`qv 8. eyw× gËvi mv‡_ msNvZ, msNl© Gwo‡q Pjv|
4. eÜzZ¡ ˆZix 9. PvwiwÎK kw³
5. Avgv‡ì D`viZv 10. e¨w³MZ †hvMv‡hvM
Avgv‡ì `ye©jZv :
1. cÖwZc¶ QvÎ ‡bZ…e„›`‡K `ye©j g‡b Kiv 7. Ab¨‡ì fv‡jv ¸Y¸‡jv ¯^xKvi bv Kiv
2. Avgv‡ì †hvMv‡hvM Kg 8. mvgvwRK †cÖvMÖv‡g Avgv‡ì AskMÖnY Kg _vKv
3. msKxb© gvbwmKZv 9. Zv‡ì myL-`yt‡L Avgv‡ì Kg Aswk`vi nIqv
4. K¨v¤úvm †K›`ªxK Avgv‡ì ZrciZv Pvwn`vi 10. Ab¨vb¨‡ì c` gh©v`vi cÖwZ h_vh_ m¤§vb bv
Zzjbvq Kg nIqv †Ìqv
5. Ab¨vb¨ QvÎmsMV‡bi †bZv‡ì mv‡_ Avgv‡ì 11. µvBwmm gyû‡Z© Zv‡ì mv‡_ civgk© bv Kiv
†LvuR Lei bv ivLv 12. Av‡cvlKvwg gbgvbwlKZvi Afve
6. Avgv‡ì `vwqZ¡kxjiv nxbgb¨Zvq †fvMv 13. †eBR Gwiqvq MYwfwË Kg _vKv
Avgv‡ì my‡hvM :
1. mnve¯’v‡bi cwi‡ek ˆZwi nIqv 4. wewfbœ †cÖvMÖv‡g we‡ivax ivR‰bwZK †bZv‡ì
2. †hvMv‡hvM eë¯’v e„w× cvIqv `vIqvZ †Ìqv I m¤§vwbZ Kiv
3. wewfbœ ivR‰bwZK †bZv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi 5. Avgv‡ì Av`wk©K cÖfve we¯—vi
AevwiZ cwi‡ek m„wó nIqv 6. wewfbœ ïfmsev‡` Awfb›`b Rvbv‡bv
7. K¨v¤úvm ¸‡jv‡Z A‡¯¿i cÖfve K‡g hvIqv
129
8. wewfbœ wè‡m Zv‡ì KvW© †Ìqv 11. eÜz QvÎ msMV‡b A-QvÎ‡ì cÖfve K‡g hvIqv
9. mgq my‡hv‡Mi Av‡jv‡K Zv‡ì evmvq hvIqv 12. wewfbœ ai‡bi wk¶v DcKiY w`‡q mvnvh¨ Kiv
10. AvZ¥xq/GjvKvi m¤ú‡K©i Av‡jv‡K m¤úK© M‡o
†Zvjv
Avgv‡ì Rb¨ ûgwK/mgm¨v :
1. m¤úK© bv _vKvi d‡j K¨v¤úv‡m Ae¨vnZ msNvZ 4. `vIqvZx Kv‡R evavMÖ¯’ nIqv
I msNl© †j‡M _vKv 5. e„nËi ivRbxwZ‡Z mgm¨v m„wó nIqv
2. msNvZ msN‡l© Rwo‡q cov 6. Avgv‡ì Rbkw³i eo GKUv As‡ki cwiPq
3. AccÖPvi I fxwZ †e‡o hvIqv Kg _vKv
53. AvbyMZ¨ civgk© I Bn‡Zmve
 AvbyMZ¨: †bZv Ges mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv‡K ¯^Z©ùzZ© fv‡e †g‡b Pjv ev Abymib Kiv|
 AvbyM‡Zï ¸i“Z¡ :
1. Avjvni AvbyM‡Zï gva¨gt ivm~‡j Kwig (mvt) e‡j‡Qb-
-‡h e¨w³ Avgvi AvbyMZ¨ Kij †m Avjvni AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡jv, ‡h e¨w³ Avgv‡K Agvb¨ Ki‡jv †m Avjvn‡KB Agvb¨
Ki‡jv| Avi †h e¨w³ Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡jv, †m AvgviB AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡jv| †h e¨w³ Avgx‡ii Aeva¨ nj †m AvgviB
Aeva¨ nj| -eyLvix
2. kwiq‡Zi my¯úó weavbt m~iv wbmv -59
3. mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv wfwË

-jv Bmjvgv Bj-v wej RvgvqvZ, jv RvgvqvZv Bj-v we BgvivZ, jv BgvivZv Bj-v we ZvqvZ-nhiZ Dgi dvi“K
iv:
4. kqZv‡bi Kzgš¿bv †_‡K evPvi Rb¨t
ivm~j mvt e‡j‡Qb- `jQzU GKwU eKix‡K ¯^xKvi Kiv GKwU ev‡Ni Rb¨ †hgb mnR †Zgwb msMV‡bi evwn‡i _vKv
GKRb †gvwgb‡KI wb‡Ri ¯^xKv‡i cwibZ Kiv †Zgb mnR|
5. Av‡Liv‡Zi AvRve †_‡K gyw³i Rb¨
ÔAvb Avwe ‡nvivqiv ivt K¡vjvZ mvwgÕZz ivmywjjvwn mvt BqvK¡yjy gvb LvivRv wgbvZ Z¡vqvwZ Iqv dvivKvj Rvgvqv‡Z
cv gvÕZv gvZv gvBZvZvb RvwnwjqvÕ -gymwjg kwid
 AvbyM‡Zï mxgv:
1. kwiq‡Zi my¯úó weav‡bi cwicš’x bq Ggb me Kv‡RB AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z n‡e|
AvbyMZ¨ ‡Kej gvÕi“d Kv‡R
2. mªôvi Aeva¨ n‡q †Kvb m„wói AvbyMZ¨ Kiv Pj‡ebv|
3. ¸bv‡ni wb‡`©k bv †`qv ch©š— †bZvi wb‡`©k kªeb I cvjb cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Rb¨ Aek¨ KZ©e¨| ¸bv‡ni wb‡`©k †`qv n‡j
AvbyMZ¨ cvIqvi AwaKvi Zvi †bB|
4. Ò†Mvbvn I †Lv`v wba©vwiZ mxgvjsNbg~jK ci¯ú‡ii mn‡hvMx n‡qvbv|Ó
G cÖms‡M nhiZ Dgi dvi“K iv: e‡j‡Qb-eÜMb †Zvgv‡ì †KD hw` Avgvi bxwZ ev KvR‡K eµ †`‡L Zvn‡j Avgvi GB
eµZv‡K †mvRv K‡i †`qv Zvi KZ©e¨ n‡q `vov‡e|
 AvbyMZ¨ wKfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e?
1. †bZ…‡Z¡i Avm‡b †hB AwawóZ n‡e Zvi AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z n‡e (cQÜwbq/ AvcQÜwbq)t Ò‡Zvgiv kªeb Ki I
AvbyMZ¨ Ki hw` †Zvgv‡ì Dci †Kvb nvemx †Mvjvg‡KI Kg©KZ©v wb‡qvM Kiv nq| Ges Zvi gv_v †`L‡Z
Av½y‡ii gZ (‡QvU) nq|Ó
2. mnR Ae¯’vq I KwVb Ae¯’vq Ges mš—ó wP‡Ë I Amš—wP‡Z¡ Z_v †Zvgvi AwaKvi bm¨vZ nIqvi †¶‡Î kªeb
Kiv I AvbyMZ¨ Kiv †Zvgvi KZ©e¨| ÒcÖ‡Z¨K gymjx‡gi Dci †bZvi wb‡`©k kªeb Kiv I AvbyMZ¨ Kiv Aek¨
130
KZ©e¨ ZvB Zv Zvi cQ›` †nvK ev AcQ›` †nvK, hZ¶b ch©š— bv Avjvni bvdvigvbxi wb‡`©k †`qv nq|
Avjvni bvdigvbxi wb‡`©k †`qv n‡j Zv kªeb Kiv I AvbyMZ¨ Kiv hv‡e bv|Ó (eyLvix I gymjxg)
3. e¨w³i cwieZ©‡b AvbyM‡Zï cwieZ©b n‡e bv| m~iv Av‡j-Bgivbt144
Ògvnv¤§` mvt GKRb ivm~j gvÎ wQ‡jb| Zuvi c~‡e© Av‡iv A‡bK ivm~j AwZµvš— n‡q‡Qb, hw` wZwb g‡i hvb ev wbnZ
nb Zvn‡j wK †Zvgiv Avevi wcQ‡bi w`‡K wd‡i hv‡e?Ó
4. †bZ…‡Z¡i g‡a¨ Î“wU †`L‡j Kiwbqt

Ò‡Zvgv‡ì †KD hw` Zvi Avgx‡ii g‡a¨ †Kvb iƒc AcÖxwZKi welq j¶¨ K‡i, †m †hb âh©¨ aviY K‡i|Ó(eyLvix,
gymwjg)
ivm~j mvt Gi cÖwZ GKwU cÖ‡kœi DËit
‡n Avjvni ivmyj, Avgv‡ì Dci hLb Ggb Avgxi ¶gZvq Avmxb n‡e hviv Zv‡ì AwaKvi Avgv‡ì wbKU †_‡K
cyivcywi Av`vq K‡i wb‡Z PvB‡e Ges Avgv‡ì AwaKvi †`‡e bv ZLb Avgiv wK Ki‡ev?
ivmyj m: cÖkKœ Z©vi cÖwZ å‡¶c Ki‡jb bv| mvjvgvn Avevi wR‡Ám Ki‡jb| ivmyj m: ej‡jb, Ò†Zvgiv kªeb
Ki‡e I AvbyMZ¨ K‡i hv‡e| KviY Zv‡ì †evSv Zv‡ì Dci| †Zvgv‡ì †evSv †Zvgv‡ì Dci |Ó(gymwjg)
 AvbyMZ¨ Kvi:
AvbyM‡Zï g~j AwaKvix n‡”Qb Avjvn
wb:kZ©
2q AwaKvix n‡PQb Avjvni ivmyj m:
3q AwaKvix n‡”Qb msMV‡bi Avgxi
 wK wK wel‡q AvbyMZ¨:
1. ‡bZvi Av‡`k I e³e¨ 3. ¯^vfvweK Kg©m~Px I civgk©|
2. msMV‡bi wb‡`©k, cwiKíbv I wm×vš—
 AvbyM‡Zï c×wZ:
1. wb‡Ri D‡`¨‡M wb‡`©k †R‡b †bqv 4. KvR †ekx n‡j ¸i“Z¡ Abyhvqx µg wVK Kiv
2. fvjfv‡e KvR ey‡S †bqv/ kªeb Kiv| 5. ¸wQ‡q wb‡q cwiKwíZfv‡e AMÖmi nIqv
3. Kv‡Ri c×wZ m¤ú‡K© ¯úó avibv †bqv 6. Ae¯’v Ges mgm¨v `vwqZ¡kxj‡K Rvbv‡bv|
 AvbyMZ¨Kvixi ¸bvejx/êwkó¨ :
1. G KvRB Av‡Liv‡Zi gyw³i c_-G ¸i“Z¡ 5. IRi †ck Kivi gvbwlKZv cwinvi|
Dcjwä Kiv 6. ‡bZ…‡Z¡i cÖwZ Mfxi Av¯’v|
2. gvbwlK cÖ¯‘wZ-‡h †Kvb mgq †h †Kvb KvR 7. ‡bZv I msMV‡bi Rb¨ †`vqv Kiv|
Kivi Rb¨ 8. mgqvbyewZ©Zv I h_v_© c×wZ cÖ‡qvM
3. mš‘ó wP‡Ë MÖnb I Avš—wiKZvi mv‡_ 9. mwVK cš’vq Gn‡Zmve
cvjb 10. ‡QvU eo me KvR‡KB ¸i“Z¡c~b© g‡b
4. ‡h †Kvb Z¨vM ¯^xKv‡ii Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z| Kiv|
civgk©:
 civg‡k©i ¸i“Z¡ I DcKvwiZvt
1. KziAv‡bi wb‡`©k: m~iv Av‡j-Bgivbt159
2. DËg wm×v‡š— †cŠQv hvq|

3. mevB wb‡Ri wm×vš— g‡b K‡i|
131
-Drmvn DÏxcbv e„w× cvq: ÔBqv ivmyjyjvn Avcwb hw` e‡jb mgy‡`ª Svc w`‡Z, Avgiv webv wØavq Zv‡ZI
cÖ¯‘Z
AvwQ| Avgiv gymvi KI‡gi gZ Dw³ Ki‡ev bv| Õ
-eì hy‡×i e¨vcv‡i Avbmvi‡ì K_v|
4. Kv‡Ri ¸i“Z¡ I cÖK…wZ m¤^‡Ü ¯úó avibv R‡b¥|
5. wPš—vi weKvk I HK¨ m„wó nq|
6. ‡¯^”QvPvixZv eÜ nq I Av¯’v ev‡o
7. Avj-vni ingZ cvIqv hvq
8. mvgwóK wm×vbZ fyj n‡jI †Kvb GKK e¨w³i Dci †`vl eZ©vq bv|
 K‡hKwU nvw`m:
1. ivmyj m: e‡j‡Qb ÔhLb ‡Zvgv‡ì †bZviv n‡eb fvj gvbyl. abxiv n‡eb `vbkxj Ges †Zvgv‡ì Kvh©µg Pj‡e
civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z ZLb gvwUi DcwifvM bx‡Pi fv‡Mi †P‡q DËg n‡e| Avi hLb †Zvgv‡ì †bZviv n‡eb Lvivc
†jvK, abxiv n‡eb K…cb Ges †bZ…Z¡ KZ…Z¡ hv‡e bvix‡ì nv‡Z ZLb c„w_exi Dc‡ii As‡ki †P‡q bx‡Pi Ask n‡e
DËg|Õ (wZiwghx)
2. ivmyj m: e‡j‡Qb, †h e¨w³ gymjgvb‡ì civgk© QvovB Avgxi wn‡m‡e evqvZ †bq Zvi evqvZ êa n‡e bv| Avi
hviv Zvi Bgvi‡Zi evqvZ MÖnb Ki‡e Zv‡ì evqvZ I êa n‡e bv| (gymbv‡` Avng`)
3. Ò‡h e¨w³ civgk© wb‡q KvR K‡i Zv‡K KLbI jw¾Z n‡Z nq bv| Avi †h ev hviv †f‡e wP‡š— G‡¯—Lviv K‡i
KvR K‡i Zv‡K VK‡Z nq bv|Ó
4. †h civg‡k©i wfwË‡Z KvR K‡i, †m wbivc` _v‡K|
 civgk© Kviv †`‡e:
1. me©mvavi‡bi civgk©
2. `vwqZ¡kxj e¨w³‡ì civgk©
3. Avn‡j ivq ev we‡kmÁ‡ì civgk©
-Avjvn hLb †Kvb Avgx‡ii fvj Pvb Zvn‡j Zvi mZëv`x DRxi wbe©vwPZ K‡ib| Avgxi wKQz fy‡j‡M‡j wZwb
Zv‡K Zv ¯îb Kwi‡q †`b| Avgxi †Kvb KvR Ki‡Z PvB‡j †m Kv‡R Zv‡K mn‡hvMxZv K‡ib| Avjvn hw` Avgx‡ii Ag½j
Pvb Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ wg_¨vev`x DwRi wb‡qvM K‡ib| wZwb †Kvb KvR Zv‡K fvj fv‡e ¯îb Kwi‡q †`b bv, Avgxi †Kvb KvR
Ki‡Z B”Qv Ki‡j wZwb †m Kv‡R Zvi Amn‡hvMx nb|Ó -Avey `vD
 civgk© `vZvi êwkó¨:
1. ¯^Z:ùzZ©fv‡e Ges wbR `vwq‡Z¡ civgk© †`qv 7. wPš—vfvebv K‡i Avš‘wiKZvi mv‡_ gZ cÖKvk
2. welqwU fvjfv‡e eySv I ¸i“Z¡ Dcjwä Kiv 8. wØavnxb wP‡Ë ®úófv‡e gZ cÖKvk
3. cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ msMÖn I cÖ¯‘wZ 9. civgk© M„wnZ bv n‡j mš‘wó mnKv‡i wm×vš—
4. mivmwi `vwqZ¡kxj‡K ejv †g‡b †bqv I wb‡Ri gZ fy‡j hvIqv|
5. mwVK c×wZ‡Z civgk© †`qv 10. wm×vš— cvj‡b `„pZv Ges evwn‡i bv ejv|
6. h_v mg‡q ejv 11. ‡hvM¨Zv AR©b
 whwb civgk© MÖnb Ki‡eb|
1. civg‡k©i ¸i“Z¡ eySv‡bv ‡Mvcbxq/ cÖKvk¨/ e¨w³MZ/ mvgwôK
2. wel‡qi ¸i“Z¡ eyhv‡bv 5. Dchy³ e¨w³i Kv‡Q civgk© PvIqv
3. mK‡ji civgk©‡K ¸i“Z¡ †`qv 6. AwaKvs‡ki gZ Abyhvqx m‡e©vËg wm×vš— MÖnb
4. civgk© MÖn‡b mwVK c×wZ Aej¤^b 7. M„nxZ wm×vš— ev¯—evq‡b `„pZv Aej¤^b Kiv|
 KwZcq mgm¨v:
1. evievi ejv| 4. wm×vš— ev¯—evq‡b †Kvb Î“wU †`Lv w`‡j
2. wm×vš— †`qv wb‡Ri civg‡k©i mvdvB|
3. evwni Av‡jvPbv
 civgk© cÖ`v‡bi c×wZ:
 BnwZmve: gynvmvev /cvi¯úwiK ms‡kva‡bi cš’vt
ms‡kvab I Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ MVb g~jK mgv‡jvPbv n‡”Q BnwZmve|
 ¸i“Z¡:
1. `~e©jZvi cÖwZKvi I MwZkxjZvi DËg 2. gReyZ m¤úK© M‡o D‡V
gva¨g
132
3. e¨w³MZ I mvsMVwbK wech©q eÜ nq 5. cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvMxZv e„w× cvq
I Avj-vni ingZ jvf nq| 6. Av‡Liv‡Zi Revew`nx †_‡K evuPv hvq|
4. h_v mg‡q c`‡¶c MÖnb Kiv hvq|
AvqvZt myiv Avw¤^qv-1
Ògvby‡li wnmve AwZ wbK‡U Nwb‡q Avm‡Q A_P Zviv MvdjwZi g‡a¨ wegyL n‡q c‡o i‡q‡Q Ó
m~iv Mvwkqvn-25
Òm‡›`n †bB Zv‡ì‡K Avgv‡ì Kv‡QB wd‡i

Avm‡Z n‡e| AZci Avgv‡K Zv‡ì wnmve wb‡Z n‡e| Ó m~iv Bgivb-199
Òwbðq †Rb Avjvn AwZ `ª“Z wnmve MÖnb Kvix|Ó

 BnwZmve `yB cÖKvit
1. e¨w³MZ Gn‡Zmve 2. mvgwóK Gn‡Zmve
 whwb Ki‡eb Zvi Kibxqt
 hv‡K Gn‡ZQve Kiv n‡”Q Zvi Kibxqt
54. wewea welq

wnhi‡Zi c~‡e© nhiZ (m) Zvi cweÎ Rxe‡bi †h As‡k g°vq AwZevwnZ K‡ib Ges hv Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi wewfbœ ¯—i I
Ø›Ø msNv‡Zi †fZi w`‡q AwZµvš— nq, Zv‡K Avcb êwk‡óï †cÖw¶‡Z PviwU ¯^Z›`ª ¯—‡i wef³ Kiv hvq|
 cÖ_g ¯—i t AvÛvi MªvDÛ cÖ_g- 3 eQi
beyqv‡Zi ci cÖvq wZb eQi Kvj; G mg‡q `vIqvZ I cÖPv‡ii KvR †Mvc‡b AvÄvg †`qv nq|
 wØZxq ¯—i t cÖKv‡k¨ `vIqvZ- 2 eQi
beyqv‡Zi cÖKvk¨ †NvlYvi ci cÖvq VvÆv- we`ª“c K‡i, bvbvi“c Acev` w`‡q wg_¨v cÖPvibv Pvwj‡q Ges Gi wei“‡× K_v
evZ©v e‡j Zv‡K `wg‡q †èvi †Póv Kiv nq|
 Z…Zxq ¯—i t wewfbœ ai‡bi AZ¨vPvi I wbh©vZb- 5 eQi
GZr m‡Ë¡I hLb Bmjvgx Av‡›`j‡b `„pfv‡e mvg‡b G¸‡Z _v‡K, ZLb Ryjyg-wbh©vZ‡bi aviv ïi“ nq| gymjgvb‡ì Dci
wbZ¨-bZzb †Rvi-Ryjyg Pj‡Z _v‡K| GB Ae¯’v cÖvq cvuP- Qq eQi Kvj Ae¨vnZ Pj‡Z _v‡K| Gmgq gymjgvb‡ì bvbvi“c
wec` gywme‡Zi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq|
 PZz_© ¯—i t Pig we‡ivaxZv, wbôzi wbh©vZb- †kl 3 eQi
Avey Zvwje I nhiZ Lv`xRv (iv) Gi Idv‡Zi ci †_‡K wnRiZ ch©š— cÖvq wZb eQiKvj| G ¯—iwU nhiZ (m.) Ges Zvui
m½x‡ì R‡b¨ AZ¨š— KwVb msKU Kvj wQj|
gv`vbx hy‡Mi wewfbœ ¯Íit 4wU
133
eì hy‡×i c~e© ch©šÍ- 1 eQi 6 gvm
eì †_‡K †nv`vqweqvi mwÜ ch©šÍ- 4 eQi 2 gvm
†nv`vqweqvi mwÜ †_‡K g°v weRq ch©šÍ- 4 eQi 10 gvm
g°v weR‡qi ci †_‡K IdvZ ch©šÍ- 2eQi 6 gvm
evavi aiY
1. n¾¡ I †gjvi mgq :

1. g°vq cÖ‡e‡ki mKj c‡_ GKRb K‡i _vK‡e Ges AvMgbKvwi‡ì gynv¤§v` mv: m¤ú‡K© mZK© Ki‡e|
2. Avey jvnve ivmyj mv: Gi wcQ‡b wcQ‡b †j‡M _vK‡Zv Ges ivmyj mv: K_v ejvi ciB †m weiæ‡× K_v ej‡Zv| Avey
Rv‡njI ZvB Ki‡Zv|
3. ¸iæZ¡c~b© †Kvb e¨w³ g°vq cÖ‡ek Ki‡j Zvi wbKU cÖwZwbwa `j †cÖiY Ki‡Zv I ivmyj mv: ‡_‡K mZK© Ki‡Zv|
2. mvwnZ¨ Avmi/Mí Avmi : bvhvi web nv‡im cvi‡mï ivRvev`kvn‡ì Kvwnwb ïwb‡q ivmyj mv: †_‡K gvbyl‡ì `y‡i mwi‡q
ivL‡Z PvB‡Zv|
3. Mvb evRbvi Avmi : bRi web nv‡im GK `vmx wK‡b G‡b †jvK‡ì `vIqvZ K‡i LIqv‡Zv `vmx bvPv‡Zv MvbevRbv K‡i
Zv‡ì gb fzwj‡q ivLvi †Póv Ki‡Zv| we‡kl K‡i hw` †Kvb hyeK Bmjv‡gi cÖwZ AvMÖnx GUv ïb‡Zv Zvn‡j H hye‡Ki Kv‡Q
`vmx‡K wb‡q wb‡`©k w`‡Zv G hyeK‡K LvB‡q `vB‡q I Mvb evRbv ïwb‡q cwiZ…ß Ki| Ges ej‡Zv Avwg †hUvi Av‡qvRb Kwi
†mUv Av›``vqK? bvwK gynv¤§‡ìUv?
4. Bqvû`x ag© hvRK‡ì mn‡hvMxZv : Zviv Bqvû`x ag© hvRK‡ì ¯§ibvcbœ n‡j Zviv 3 wU cÖkœ Zv‡ì wkwL‡q ivmyj mv: †K
cÖkœ Ki‡Z ej‡Zv 3 wU cÖkœ n‡jv-
-hyjKvibvBb m¤ú‡K© -Avmnv‡e Kvnvd m¤ú‡K© -AvZœv m¤ú‡K©|
5. Av‡cv‡li †Póv : Zviv wewfbœfv‡e †Pó K‡iI hLb ivmyj mv: †K `gv‡Z cv‡iwb ZLb wewfbœfv‡e Av‡cv‡li †Póv Ki‡Z
jvM‡jv Zv wQ‡jv wbb¥iæc-
1. Zzwg Avgv‡ì †è-‡èxi mgv‡jvPbv Ki‡ebv| gv‡b jv-Bjvnv Bjøvjøvn ejv hv‡ebv|
2. mgvR eë¯’v envj †i‡L hv Kivi Ki‡Z cvi|
3. ‡Zvgvi cvk †_‡K wbb¥ †kÖbxi/`vm †kÖbxi Zv‡ì †ei K‡i `vI †hb Avgiv †Zvgvi Dc‡`k ïb‡Z cvwi|
6. DZev Be‡b ivweqv cÖ¯Íve w`‡jv Gfv‡e- Zzwg wK PvI? abm¤ú`, bvix, †bZ…Z¡, ivRZ¡?hv PvI ZvB w`‡ev
7. eby Avgi †Mv‡Îi eyLvqiv web wdiv‡mi cÖ¯Íve :
eyLvqiv web wdivm GKw`b iv‡Z DZev web ivweqvi G cÖ¯ÍveB iv‡Zi †ejv Kvevq ivmyj mv: †K †W‡K G‡b w`‡jv ivmyj
Zv cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib|
-g°vi cÖwZwU cÖvšÍ‡i I R‡bR‡b Rvbv n‡q †M‡jv gynv¤§` mv: Gi bvg Zvi `vIqvZ I bZzb Øx‡bi cwiPq|
-Bmjvg MÖnY Ki‡jb †Zvdv‡qj web Avgi Av` `vImx wZwb GKRb m¤£všÍ e¨w³ I bvgKiv Kwe|
-gvby‡li g‡b AviI †ekx AvMÖn m„w÷ n‡jv|
-gyi` Avkvixi D‡Ui UvKv †diZ|
-Avkv Be‡b Kv‡qm Bmjvg MÖnb Ki‡Z G‡m Avey †R‡n‡ji cÖiPbvq Bmjvg MÖnb bv K‡iB †diZ hvq Ges g„ZzëiY
K‡i| BwbI GKRb eo gv‡di Kwe wQ‡jb|
wbh©vZ‡bi aiY
e¨½-we`ªæc, MvwjMvjvR I AccÖPvivwfhv‡bi ØivI hLb m‡Zï AMÖhvÎv _vwg‡q w`‡Z Zviv e¨_© n‡jv ZLb ïiæ n‡jv Z¨vPvi
I wbh©vZb Gi aiY-
1. Pjvi c‡_ KvuUv wePv‡bv nZ : G †ÿ‡Î AMÖMvgx wQj Avey jvnve I Zvi ¯¿x| G gwnjv K‡qK eQi ch©šÍ Zvui c‡_ gqjv
AveR©bv I KvuUv †dj‡Zv| Zvi DË³Zv G‡Zv †ekx wQj Avjøvn ivmyj mv: †K kvšÍbv ‡`qvi Rb¨ bvwhj K‡ib myiv Avey jvnve
2. Mjvq Pv`‡ii dvum : ivmyj mv: Kvevi PZ¡‡i bvgvR cowQ‡jb Ggb mgq DKev Be‡b Avey gywqZ ivmyj mv: Gi Mjvq Pvì
†cuwQ‡q Ggbfv‡e dvum †`q †h wZwb †enuk n‡q c‡o hvb|
3. D‡Ui bvwof~uwo wb‡ÿc : ivmyj mv: nvivg kix‡d bvgvR cowQ‡jb Avey Rvnj I K‡qKRb Kziv‡qk †bZvi wb‡`©‡k DKev
Be‡b Avey gywqZ bvoxf’uwo ivmyj mv: Gi Dci wb‡ÿc Ki‡i Zvi mevB ivmyj mv: Gi `yive¯’v †`‡L AUªnvwm‡Z †d‡U c‡o|
GKw`b wmR`vi mgq ivmyj mv: Gi wc‡Vi Dci bvwof’wo Pvwc‡q †`qv nq|
4. gv_vq gvwU wb‡¶c : GKevi ivmyj mv: iv¯Ív w`‡q †nu‡U hvIqvi mgq GK `yivPvi Zvi gv_vq gvwU wb‡¶c K‡i hv †`‡L
wkï dv‡Zgv `y:‡L I †¶v‡f †Ku‡` †d‡jb|
5. Avey Zv‡j‡ei Dci Pc m„w÷ I cÖwZwbwa †cÖiY : ivmyj mv: Gi Øx‡bi KvR‡K iæ‡Lw`‡Z bv †c‡i Zviv ivmyj mv: Gi PvPv
Avey Zv‡j‡ei Dci Pvc m„w÷ K‡i-
134
1g : nq Zv‡K _vgvb bv nq Avgv‡ì nv‡Z †mvc`© Kiæb|
2q : I‡K bv †VKv‡j Avgiv Avcbv‡KI †`‡L wb‡ev|
3q : Av¤§viv Be‡b Iwj`‡K Avcwb wb‡q wbb Ges gynv¤§`‡K Avgv‡ì nv‡Z †mvc`© Kiæb|
ïiæ n‡jv ‡MvÎwfwËK ivmyj mv: †K †ndvRZ Ki‡jv eby nv‡kg †MvÎ|
4_© : Gevi Zviv G‡jv ivmyj mv: Gi mv‡_ mg‡SvZv cÖ¯Íve wb‡q †h Avgiv †Zvgvi e¨cv‡i bvK Mjv‡evbv Avi
ZzwgI Avgv‡ì e¨cv‡i bvK Mjv‡ebv|
6. gy‡L ayjvevwj wb‡¶c : GKevi hyj gvRvR bvgK †gjvq ivmyj mv: RbZv‡K Kv‡jgvi `vIqvZ w`w”Q‡jb Avey Rv‡nj ivmyj
mv: Gi wcQ‡b †j‡MwQ‡jv Ges nv‡Z ayjvevwj wb‡q Zv ivmyj mv: Gi gy‡L wb‡ÿc K‡i ej‡jv †Zvgiv Ii K_v ï‡bvbv| I
jvZ I Dh&hvi c~Rv eÜ Ki‡Z Pvq|
Avkviv-B-gyevk&kviv
Avkvi k‡ãi A_©-`k, gyevk&kviv A_©-mymsev`cÖvß | cwifvlvq:10g wnRix‡Z g`xbvq `yfx© ¶ Ae¯’vq gmwR‡` beex‡Z
ivm~‡ji AbyMZ civqb †h 10 Rb mvnvex‡K ivm~‡j AvKivg (m:) `ywbqv‡ZB †e‡n‡¯—i mymsev` cÖ`vb K‡iwQ‡jb Zv‡ì‡K
Avkviv-B-gyevk&kviv e‡j | G‡ì cwiPq wb‡gœ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv--
(1) nhiZ Avey eKi wmwÏK (iv:)
bvg t Bmjv‡gi 1g Lwjdv nhiZ Avey eKi (iv:) cÖK…Z bvg Avãyjvn| Dcbvg: Avey eKi, Dcvwa: AvwZK I wmÏxK|
wcZvi bvg Imgvb, KzwbqvZ ev WvK bvg: Avey Kzndv, gvZvi bvg: D¤§yj mvjgv web‡Z mvLi | wZwb wnRi‡Zi 50 eQi 6
gvm c~‡e© ÔAvgyj dxjÕ Gi 2 eQi 4 gvm c‡i 571-572 wLªóv‡ã Rb¥ MÖnb K‡ib| wZwb ivmyj (m.) Gi `yÕ eQi `y gv‡mi
†QvU| wZwb ivmyj (mv.) Gi PvPv‡Zv fvB wQ‡jb|
Bmjvg MÖnb t
Bmjvg MÖn‡bi c~‰e© †_‡KB ivmyj (m.) Gi mv‡_ Zvui mL¨Zv wQj| Bmjvg MÖnbKvix bvix cyi“‡li g‡a¨ wZwb wØZxq Ges
eq¯‹ cyi“l‡ì gv‡S wZwbB cÖ_g|
wRnv‡` AskMÖnb t
Bmjvg MÖn‡bi ci n‡Z mKj wRnv‡`B ivmyj (m.) Gi mv_x wQ‡jb| ZveyK hy‡× wZwbB cÖ_g gymwjg evwnbxi SvÛvevnx
wQ‡jb| ivmyj (m.) Gi Avnev‡b wb‡RB mg¯— gvj IqvK&d K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb|
wLjvd‡Zi `vwqZ¡ MÖnb t
ivmyj (m)Gi B‡š—Kv‡ji ci wZwb mgMÖ gymwjg Rvnv‡bi Lwjdv wbhy³ nb Ges †hvM¨Zv I mybv‡gi mv‡_ wLjvd‡Zi `vwqZ¡
me©‡gvU `yÕeQi wZb gvm `kw`b cvjb K‡ib|
B‡š—Kvj t
nhiZ Avey eKi (iv.) 13 wnRix 7B Rgvw`Dj DLiv †gvZv‡eK 23 AvM÷ 634 L„óv‡ã g½jevi wèvwMZ iv‡Z 63 eQi
iq‡m B‡š—Kvj K‡ib|
(2) nhiZ Igi Bebyj LvËve (iv:)
bvg : gyj bvg Igi Dcbvmt Avey nvdm, ¸bevPK bvg dvi“K, wcZvi bvg LvËve gvZvi bvg LvZbv|
Rb¥: nhiZ Igi (iv:) wnRi‡Zi 40 eQi c~‡e© imyj (m.) Gi R‡b¥i 13 eQi ci 583 wLªóv‡ã Rb¥ MÖnb K‡ib|
Bmjvg MÖnb: wZwb 6ô/7g wnRix‡Z Bmjvg MÖnb K‡ib| Bmjvg Mªn‡bi mgq Zvi eqm wQj 24 eQi|
Bmjvg MÖn‡bi ¯’vb: wZwb AviKvg Be‡b Aveyj AviKvg Gi N‡i hv mvov cvMv‡oi cv`‡`‡k Aew¯’Z ivmyj (m.) we`¨vjq
wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ wQj|
kvnv`vZ: wnRix 23 mv‡ji 24†k wRjnR¡ eyaevi w`b gmwR‡` beex‡Z Gkvi bvgv‡h BgvgwZ Kivi Rb¨ ùvov‡j gywMiv
Be‡b kyMvi `vm Avey jy jy welv³ Zievwi Øviv Zvi gv_v I bvwf‡Z gvivZ¡K fv‡e AvnZ nevi ci 27 wRjnR¡ kwbevi
kvnv`vZ eib K‡ib|
(3) nhiZ Imgvb (ivt)
bvg t-Imgvb, Dcbvg t- Avey Avãyj-vn Avey Avgi Avey jvqjv, Dcvwa-RybœyivBb I Mbx|
wcZvi bvg, Avddvb Be‡b Aveyj Avm, gvZvi bvg AviIqv web‡Z KzevBh| wZwb ivmyj (m) RvgvZv I Z…Zxq Lwjdv wQ‡jb |
Rb¥ t Zvui Rb¥ mb wb‡q gZ cv_©K¨ _vK‡jI msL¨vwa‡Kï g‡Z, wZwb Avgyj dxj Gi 6 eQi ci 576 wLªóv‡ã Rb¥ MÖnb
K‡ib| GB wn‡m‡e ivmyj (m.)-Gi 6 eQi †QvU| †Kvb †Kvb eY©bv g‡Z Zvui Rb¥ nq Zv‡q‡d|
Bmjvg MÖnb t Zvui Bmjvg MÖnb Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g hy‡M ivmyj (m.) `vi“j AviKv‡g cÖ‡ek Kivi c~‡e© nhiZ Avey eKi (iv:)-
Gi nv‡Z | nhiZ Imgvb (iv:) wb‡RB e‡j‡Qb, Bmjvg MÖnbKvix 4 R‡bi g‡a¨ 4_©|
wnRiZ t beyq‡Zi cÂg eQi mcwiev‡i nvekvq wnRiZ K‡ib| nvekvi Ae¯’vb Kv‡j Zvui cyÎ Avãyjvni Rb¥ nq|
wKQzw`b ci Avevi g°vq wZwb Ôhyb byivBbÕ Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ nb|
wRnv‡` Ask MÖnb t eì hy× Ges evBqv‡Z wiÌqvb Qvov Avi mKj hy‡× wZwb Ask MÖnb K‡ib|
135
B‡š—Kvj t wnRixi 35 mv‡j 18 B whjn¾ Avj AvmIqv`yZ ZzwRex bvgK NvZ‡Ki nv‡Z Avmi bvgv‡Ri 82-90 eQi
gvSvgvwS eq‡m kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib|
(4) nhiZ Avjx Be‡b Avwe Zvwje t
bvg: Avjx, DcbvgÑ Aveyj nvmvb, Avey Zzive, wcZvi bvgÑ Avey Zvwje, gvZvi bvg- dvwZgv web‡Z Avmv`| DcvwaÑ
Avmv`yj-vn, nvq`vi, gyZ©Rv|
Rb¥ - nhiZ Avjx (iv) ivmyj (m) Gi beyq¨v‡Zi `k eQi cy‡e© Rb¥ MÖnb K‡ib|
Bmjvg MÖnb t GK`v Lvw`Rv I ivm~j (m) †K bvgvR co‡Z †`‡L wZwb wRÁvmv Ki‡jb Avcbviv wK Ki‡Qb? Rev‡e nhiZ
DËi w`‡jb GUv Avjvni Øxb| nhiZ Lvw`Rv ej‡jb †Zvgv‡KI Avgiv †mB `vwqZ¡ w`w”Q| ZLbB wZwb Bmjv‡gi cªwZ
D×z× n‡q Kvwjgv cvV K‡ib| †KD ‡KD e‡jb c‡bi eQi †KD 16 eQi BZ¨vw` |
dv‡Zgv‡K weevn t ivm~j (m) KwjRvi UyKiv RvbœvwZ igbx‡ì mgªvÁx nhiZ dv‡Zgv (iv) †K weevn K‡ib|
wRnv‡` Ask MÖnb t ivm~j (m) Gi hy‡M msMwVZ mKj hy‡× wZwb AskMÖnb K‡ib| cÖwZwU hy‡×B wZwb exi‡Z¡i cwiPq †`b |
kvnv`vZt wnRixi 40m‡b 18 igRvb Rygvevi dR‡ii bvgv‡R hvÎvi c‡_ Avãyi ingvb web gyjwRg bvgK Lv‡iRx NvZ‡Ki
iIqv‡ji AvNv‡Z kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib| g„Zz¨Kv‡j Zvui eqm n‡qwQj gZvš—‡i 63/65/70/58 eQi|
(5) hyevBi Bebyj AvIqvg t
bvg t bvgevBi Kzwbqv` Avey Avew`jvn Ges nvIqvwihy¨ ivmywj| wcZvi bvg AvIqvm Ges gvZv mvw`qv web‡Z Avew`j
gyËvwje| gv nhiZ mvw`qv wQ‡jb ivmyj (m.)-Gi dzcy|
Rb¥ t nhiZ hyevBe (iv) wnRi‡Zi AvUvk eQi c~‡e© Rb¥ MÖnb K‡ib| Zvui ˆkke Rxeb m¤ú‡K© mwVKfv‡e †Zgb wKQz Rvbv
hvq bv|
Bmjvg MÖnb t nhiZ hyevBi (iv:) gvÎ †lvj eQi eq‡m Bmjvg MÖnb K‡ib| cÖ_g c‡e© Bmjvg MÖnbKvix‡ì g‡a¨ wZwb
GKRb we‡kl e¨w³ wQ‡jb|
hy‡× AskMÖnbt hy‡× Ask MÖn‡bi †¶‡Î Zvi Ae`vb A‡bK| wZwb eì hy‡× AZ¨š— exiZ¡ I mvnmwKZvi cwiPq †`b| eì
QvovI Av‡iv A‡bK hy‡× wZwb Ask MÖnb K‡ib|
kvnv`vZ t wZwb A‡bK mvnmxKvZi cwiPq †`b Ges Ae‡k‡l wnRix 36 m‡b kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib| g„Zz¨Kv‡j Zvui eqm
n‡qwQj 64 eQi|
(6) Zvjnv Be‡b DevB`yjvn (iv:) t
bvg t Avey †gvnv¤§` Zvjnv wcZv DevB`yjvn Ges gvZv mvÕev| KzivBk es‡ki ZvBm kvLvi mš—vb |
Bmjvg MÖnb t nhiZ Zvjnv Bmjvg MÖnb K‡ib Bmjv‡gi m~Pbv jMœ †_‡K| Bmjvg MÖn‡bi mgq Zvui eqm wQj gvÎ 15
eQi| Rv‡njx hy‡Mi Avey eK‡ii evox‡Z AbywôZ êV‡Ki wZwb wQ‡jb wbqwgZ m`m¨|
hy‡× AskMÖnb t nhiZ Zvjnv (iv:) eìmn A‡bK hy‡× AskMÖnb K‡ib Ges we‡kl K‡i Iû` hy‡× †ekx weiZ¡ I
mvnmxKZvi cwiPq †`b|
IdvZ t wZwb wnRix 36 m‡bi Rgv`xDj AvDqvj gZvš—‡i 10 Rgvw`Dm mvbx 64 eQi eq‡m B‡š—Kvj K‡ib|
(7) Avãyi ingvb Be‡b AvId t
Bgvg eyLvixi g‡Z. Rv‡njx hy‡M Avãyi ingvb Be‡b AvI‡di bvg wQj Avãy Avgi| Be‡b mvÕ` Zvui ZvevKv‡Z D‡jvL
K‡i‡Qb| Rv‡njx hy‡M Zvui bvg wQj Kvev| Bmjvg MÖn‡bi ci Gi bvg ivLv nq Avãyi ingvb|
Rb¥ t wZwb Avgyj dxj ev n¯—x erm‡i 10g eQi ci Rb¥ MÖnb K‡ib| GB eY©bv g‡Z wZwb ivmyj (m.) Gi eq‡mi 10
eQ‡ii †QvU| †Kbbv ivmyj (m.) Avgyj dxj Gi eQi Rb¥ MÖnb K‡ib|
B‡š—Kvj t nhiZ Avãyi invgvb wnRix 32 m‡b 75 eQi eq‡m B‡š—Kvj K‡ib| g„Zz¨Kv‡j Zvui eqm n‡qwQj 72 eQi Ges
Zv‡K g`xbvi evKx †Mvi¯’v‡b `vdb Kiv nq|
(8) mvÔ` Be‡b Avex Iqv°vm (iv:)
wcZvi bvg Avey Iqv°vm BwZnv‡m wZwb mv` Be‡b Avex Iqv°vm bv‡g L¨vZ| KzivBk es‡ki eby dzQviv kvLvi mš—vb| Aci
bvg nvgiv|
Bmjvg MÖnb t- mvd‡di fvB DgvBi (iv) ivmyj (m) Gi beyqvZ cÖvwßi wKQzw`b ciB Bmjvg MÖnb K‡ib| wZwb Ab¨Zg
GKRb mvnvex |
wRnv‡` f~wgKv t- Avjvni c‡_ wRnv‡` nhiZ mv‡ì fywgKv wQj AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~b©| Zvi exiZ¡ I mvnwmKZv Bmjv‡gi
`ykgb‡ì Lye gvivZœK cwibwZi w`‡K †V‡j †`q| wZwbB cÖ_g gymwjg whwb Avjvni c‡¶ Zxi wb‡¶c K‡ib| wZwb wb‡RB
ej‡Zb Avwg cÖ_g Avie †h Avjvni c‡¶ Zxi Pvjbv K‡iwQ|
†Mvcb msev` `vZv t- eì hy‡×i Aí K‡qKw`b Av‡M ivmyj (m) KzivBk Kvwdjvi msev` msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ wZb R‡bi †h `j
†cÖib K‡ib Zvi †bZv wQ‡jb nhiZ mv` (iv)| Zviv e`‡ii Kz‡ci wbKU Ir †c‡Z †_‡K cÖwZ c¶ `y Rb‡K e›`x K‡i ivmyj
(m) Gi wbKU Av‡mb| ivm~j (m) Zv‡ì wbKU †_‡K A‡bK †Mvcb Z_¨ msMÖn K‡ib |
136
B‡š—Kvj t wZwb wnRix 55 m‡b 85eQi eq‡m B‡š—Kvj K‡ib|
(9) Avey DevB`v Bebyj Rviivn (iv)
bvg t Zvi cy‡iv bvg Avgxi Be‡b Avãyjvn Bebyj Rviivn Avj wdinx Avj KyivBkx, DevB`v bv‡g mK‡ji Kv‡Q cwiwPZ|
Bmjvg Mªnb t Bmjvg cÖPv‡ii cÖ_g fv‡MB hviv Bmjvg MÖnb K‡i gymjgvb n‡qwQj Zvi g‡a¨ Avey eK‡ii gy mjgvb nIqvi
c‡ii w`bB wZwb Bmjvg MÖnb K‡ib | Avey eK‡ii nv‡ZB wZwb Zvi Bmjv‡gi †Nvlbv †`b|
hy‡× Ask MÖnb t eì hy‡×i cÖvK Kv‡j KzivBkiv Kvwdjvi MwZwewa Abymi‡bi Rb¨ ivm~j (m) GK`j mvnvex‡K cvVvb|
Zv‡ì Avgxi wbhy³ K‡ib Avey DevB`v‡K| cv‡_q wn‡m‡e Zv‡K wKQz †Lvigv †Ìqv nq
B‡š—Kvj t wZwb Rxe‡b †kl mgq UzKzI Bmjv‡gi †L`g‡Z e¨q K‡ib | Ges Ae‡k‡l 65eQi eq‡m gviv hvb|
(10) mvB` Be‡b hvwq` (iv)
bvg I cwiwPwZ t- bvg mvB`, KywbqvZ Aveyj AvIqvj| wcZv hv‡q` gvZv dv‡Zgv web‡Z evRv| Da© c~iyl Kve Be‡b jyB Gi
gva¨‡g ivm~jyjvn (mt) bm‡ei mv‡_ Zvi bme wg‡j hvq|
Bmjvg MÖnb t wZwb Bmjv‡gi `vIqv‡Zi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q Bmjvg Mªnb K‡ib|
Bmjvg MÖn‡bi d‡j wbh©vZb t Bmjvg MÖn‡bi d‡j Avey mvB` (iv) A‡bK wbh©vZb hyjyg mn¨ Ki‡Z nq |
B‡š—Kvj t wZwb ZvKxK DcZ¨Kvq B‡š—Kvj K‡ib Ges g`xbvq mgvwnZ nb| g„Zy¨Kv‡j Zuvi eqm n‡qwQj gZvš—‡i
50/51/52 wnRix wQj|
eì hy×
eì hy× wØZxq wnRixi 17 ighvb †gvZv‡eK 624 Lªxt 14 gvP©, ïµevi w`b msNwUZ nq| Avey †R‡n‡ji †bZ…‡Z¡ g°vi
Kvwdi gykwiKiv 1000 ˆmb¨ wb‡q g`xbv Avµg‡Yi Rb¨ Avm‡Q GB msev` †c‡q ivm~j (mt) mK‡ji civgk©µ‡g 313 Rb
mvnvexi GKwU `j wb‡q g`xbv †_‡K 80 gvBj `~‡i eì cÖvš—‡i DcbxZ nb| Dfq c‡¶i gv‡S GK i³¶qx hy× msNwUZ
nq|
hy‡×i djvdjt
1. Kvwdiiv †kvPbxqfv‡e civwRZ nq|
2. gymjgvbiv GK me©vZ¥K weRq jvf K‡i|
3. gymjgvb‡ì 14 Rb knx` nb|
4. Kv‡di‡ì 70 Rb wbnZ nq Ges 70 Rb e›`x nq|
5. cÖwm× KzivBk †bZ…e„›` wbnZ nb|
6. gymjgvbiv cÖPzi MYxgZ jvf K‡i|
Dû` h× y
eì hy‡× civR‡qi cªwZ‡kva †bqvi Rb¨ wnRix Z…Zxq e‡l© Avey mywdqv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ 3000 ˆm‡bï (300 Dóªv‡ivnx I 200
Ak¦v‡ivnx) GKwU `j g`xbv Avµg‡Yi Rb¨ g`xbv †_‡K 5 gvBj cwð‡g Dû` DcZ¨Kvq Dcw¯’Z nq| mK‡ji civgk©µ‡g
ivm~j (mt) 100 eg©avix I 50 Rb Zxi›`vRmn 1000 ˆm‡bï GKwU `j wb‡q Dû` cÖvš—‡ii w`‡K iIqvbv nb| cw_g‡a¨
gybvwdKiv 300 ˆmb¨ wb‡q evwnbx †Q‡o P‡j hvq| †kl ch©š— 700 gyRvwn` wb‡q ivm~j (mt) Dû` cÖvš—‡i Kv‡di‡ì
wei“‡× hy‡× AeZxY© nb|
hy‡× cÖ_‡g gymjgvbiv weRq jvf K‡ib| ivm~j (mt) wcQ‡bi w`K myiw¶Z ivLvi Rb¨ 50 Rb Zxi›`v‡Ri GKwU `j‡K
cvnv‡oi Dci `vwqZ¡ w`‡qwQ‡jb| gymjgvb‡ì weRq n‡q †M‡Q †f‡e Zxi›`vR‡ì H `jwU Zv‡ì RvqMv †Q‡o P‡j
Av‡mb| GB my‡hv‡M myPZzi Lvwj` web Iqvwj` Zvi `j wb‡q gymjgvb‡ì Dci wcQb w`K †_‡K AvµgY K‡ib| hvi d‡j
gymjgvb‡ì gv‡S wech©q †`Lv †`q| wKš‘ Zvi c‡iI Kvwdiiv weRq AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡iwb|
hy‡×i djvdjt
1. Dû` hy× gymjgvb‡ì Rb¨ wQj â‡h©ï AwMœcix¶v|
2. Dû` hy‡×i d‡j gymjgvb‡ì Cgvb Av‡iv LuvwU nIqvi my‡hvM Av‡m|
3. GB hy‡× Dfq c‡¶iB A‡bK ¶q-¶wZ nq| gymwjg exi nvghv (ivt) kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib| Dgi I Avjx (ivt) mn
A‡bK mvnvex AvnZ nb|
4. GB hy‡×i d‡j gymjgvbiv AvZ¥wbf©ikxj myk„•Lj RvwZ‡Z cwiYZ nq|
L›`‡Ki h× y t
gnvbex (mt) Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ gymjgvb‡ì AMÖMwZ AcÖwZ‡iva¨ MwZ‡Z GwM‡q Pj‡Q| Zv †`‡L g°vi †jv‡Kiv 5g wnRixi
whjK¡v` gvm, 626 Lªxt GwcÖj gv‡m g`xbvi Bû`x I Ab¨vb¨ Avie †MvÎ‡ì mv‡_ wb‡q P~ovš—fv‡e g`xbv Avµg‡Yi cÖ¯‘wZ
wbj| GB msev` †c‡q ivm~j (mt) mvnvex‡ì mv‡_ civgk© K‡i AwfÁ mvnvex mvjgvb dvimx (ivt) Gi civgk©µ‡g g`xbvi
137
Aiw¶Z w`K¸‡jv‡Z cwiLv Lbb Ki‡jb| Kvwdiiv 10000 ˆm‡bï wekvj evwnbx wb‡q g`xbv AvµgY Kij wKš‘ cwiLv
†`‡L Zviv nZf¤^ n‡q †Mj| ivm~j (mt) gvÎ 3000 ˆmb¨ wb‡q GB AvµgY cÖwZnZ Ki‡jb| `xN© 27 w`b Kvwdiiv g`xbv
Ae‡iva K‡i iv‡L|
hy‡×i djvdjt
1. GB hy‡× Kvwdiiv fxlYfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯’ nq I civwRZ nq|
2. Dû` hy‡× wech©‡qi g‡bvKó `~i nq|
3. Awfkß Bû`x m¤cÖ`v‡qi gy‡Lvk D‡¤§vwPZ nq Ges Zv‡ì kvw¯— †`qv nq|
Bd&K Gi NUbv
(nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivt) Gi wei“‡× Acev`)
Bd&K Gi A_© n‡jv -
= gyj K_v‡K cv‡ë †`qv|
= cÖK…Z mZ¨ †Mvcb K‡i †Lqvj LywkgZ wKQz e‡j †`qv|
= e`wj‡q †`qv|
= Acev` †`qv BZ¨vw`|
msw¶ß NUbv -
ivmyj ( mvt) ewbj gy¯—vwjK hy× †k‡l g`xbvq †divi mgq Zvi mdi mw½bx nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivt) mn Kv‡djvq wQ‡jb|
g`xbvi wbKUeZ©x GK ¯’v‡b G‡m hvÎv weiZx w`‡jb| †kl iv‡Z iIqvbv †`qvi c~‡e© Av‡qkv (ivt) cÖvK…wZK Kv‡R mvov
w`‡Z wM‡q Mjvi gvjv nvwi‡q †d‡jb| Ges Zv Luy‡R †c‡Z A‡bK †`wi n‡q hvq wZwb hLb wd‡i Avm‡jb †`L‡Z †c‡jb
Avj-vni ivmyj (mvt) Gi Kv‡djv Zv‡K †i‡LB P‡j wM‡q‡Q | nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivt) †mLv‡bB Pvì gyox w`‡q ï‡q
co‡jb|
ivmyj (mvt) Gi mvnvex nqiZ mvdIqvb web gyqvËvj (ivt) wcQ‡b wQ‡jb wZwb G‡m Av‡qkv (ivt) †K †`‡L ej‡jb
Bbœvwjjvwn Iqv Bbœv BjvBwn iv‡RDb ! Avjvni ivmy‡ji ¯¿x †h i‡q †M‡jb| AZtci Av‡qkv (ivt) nhiZ mvdIqv‡bi
ewm‡q †`qv D‡U D‡V em‡jb| nhiZ mvdIqvb D‡Ui iwk a‡i nvU‡Z ïi“ K‡ib| Ggwb fv‡e ivmyj (mvt) Gi Kv‡djvq
kixK nIqvi mgq `ycyi Mwo‡q hvq| Avãyjvn web DevB Zvr¶wbKfv‡e nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivt) Gi wei“‡× e¨vwfPv‡ii
Acev` Qvwc‡q w`j| †m ej‡jv Avjvni Kmg G gwnjv wb¯‹jsK Ae¯’vq wd‡i Av‡mwb bvI †`‡L bvI †Zvgv‡ì bexi ¯¿x
G e¨vw³i mv‡_ ivZ KvwU‡q‡Q ( bvDhywejvn ) Ges GLb Zv‡K mv‡_ wb‡q P‡j G‡m‡Q Ó
ivmyj (mvt) I mvnvex Mb G NUbvq AZ¨š— gg©vnZ n‡jb †Kbbv Bmjvgx mgv‡Ri Rb¨ GwU GKwU RNb¨ Awf‡hvM|
Acev‡` Ask †bq hviv -
1. wgmZvn Be‡b Dmvmv| 2. nvmmvb Be‡b mv‡eZ| 3. nvgbv web‡Z Rvnvk|
AZtci Avjvn iveŸyj Avjvgxb nhiZ Av‡qkv ( ivt) †K wb‡`©vk cÖgv‡bi Rb¨ myiv b~i Gi( 11 - 20 ) ch©š— bvwhj
Ki‡jb|
û`vqweqvi mwÜt
ivm~j (mt) ¯^‡cœ †`L‡jb wZwb Kvev Ni whqviZ Ki‡Qb| ¯^cœ †gvZv‡eK 628 Lªxt 1400 mvnvex wb‡q ivm~i (mt) g°v
Awfgy‡L iIqvbv nb| Kv‡djv hLb û`vqweqv bvgK ¯’v‡b †cŠ‡Q ZLb g°vi Kvwdiiv Zv‡ì MwZ‡iva K‡i Ges g°vq cÖ‡ek
Ki‡Z w`‡Z A¯^xK…wZ Rvbvq| Ae‡k‡l Zviv ivm~j (mt) Gi mv‡_ GK mwÜ Pzw³‡Z Ave× nq| GUvB û`vqweqvi mwÜ bv‡g
cwiwPZ|
mwÜi kZ©vejxt
1. G eQi gymjgvbiv n¾¡ bv K‡iB wd‡i hv‡e|
2. cieZ©x eQi gvÎ wZb w`‡bi Rb¨ g°vq Ae¯’vb K‡i n¾¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
3. AvZ¥i¶vi Rb¨ †KejgvÎ †Kvle× Zievix mv‡_ Avb‡Z cvi‡e|
4. †Kvb g°vevmx g`xbvq Avkªq cÖv_©bv Ki‡j Zv‡K g`xbvq Avkªq †`qv hv‡e bv|
5. wKš‘ †Kvb g`xbvevmx g°vq Avm‡j Zv‡K wdwi‡q w`‡Z g°vevmxiv eva¨ _vK‡e bv|
6. `k eQ‡ii Rb¨ gymjgvb I g°vevmxiv hy×-weMÖn †_‡K weiZ _vK‡e|
7. û`vqweqvi mwÜ 10 eQi ¯’vqx n‡e|
mwÜi djvdjt
1. g~jZ û`vqweqvi mwÜ wQj gymjgvb‡ì Rb¨ GK gnvweRq hv Avjvn iveŸyj Avjvwgb †KviAv‡b eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|
2. G mwÜi d‡jB g°v weRqmn fwel¨‡Z gymjgvb‡ì AMÖhvÎv AcÖwZ‡iva¨ MwZ‡Z Pj‡Z _v‡K|
138
ZveyK hy×t
beg wnRixi iRe gvm, 630 mv‡ji b‡f¤î gv‡m GB Awfhvb msNwUZ nq| †mB mg‡q †ivgvb mvgªvR¨ wQj c„w_exi me©e„nr
kw³| gyÕZvi hy× msNwUZ nIqvi ci †_‡K †ivg mgªvU wnivwK¬qvm gymjgvb‡ì MwZwewa j¶¨ ivL‡Z ïi“ K‡ib| beg
wnRixi †mB mg‡q Avi‡e `~wf©¶ I wek„•Ljv PjwQj| myZivs GB my‡hv‡M Avie `Lj mnR n‡e †f‡e †ivg mgªvU Avie `Lj
I Bmjvg‡K wPiZ‡i gy‡Q †djvi Pµvš— K‡ib| ZLb ivm~j (mt) †ivgvb‡ì GK j¶ ˆm‡bï wecix‡Z 10 nvRvi ˆm‡bï
GK evwnbx wb‡q ZveyK cÖvš—‡i Ae¯’vb †bb|
hy‡×i djvdjt
1. GZ mgm¨vi c‡iI gymjgvb‡ì hy× cÖ¯‘wZ †`‡L wnivwK¬qvm evwnbx †cQ‡b nU‡Z _v‡K|
2. AwZ Mi‡gi c‡iI gymwjg evwnbx Cgvbx kw³i cÖgvY Dc¯’vcb K‡ib|
3. wewfbœ im` c‡Îi msKU m‡Ë¡I gymwjg exiMY †h Z¨vM I Kzievbxi `„óvš— ¯’vcb K‡ib Zv BwZnv‡m AvRI weij|
g°v weRqt
û`vqweqv mwÜi kZ© f½ K‡i KzivBk‡ì wgÎ †MvÎ eby eKi gymjgvb‡ì wgÎ †MvÎ ebx †Lvhvqvi Dci AvµgY K‡i| d‡j
ebx †Lvhvqv ivm~j (mt) Gi wbKU Awf‡hvM †ck K‡i| d‡j ivm~j (mt) KzivBk‡ì wbKU wZbwU cÖ¯—ve iv‡Lb| h_vt
1. 1.Ab¨vqfv‡e nZ¨vK…Z eby †Lvhvqv †Mv‡Îi wbnZ‡ì ¶wZc~iY w`‡Z n‡e|
2. AvµgYKvix ebx eKi †MvÎ‡K mKj cÖKvi mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv eÜ K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|
3. û`vqweqvi mwÜ evwZj e‡j †NvlYv Kiv †nvK|
g°vevmxiv †k‡lv³ cÖ¯—ve MÖnY K‡i| Zv‡ì wm×v‡š—i K_v AeMZ n‡q ivm~j (mt) g°v Awfhv‡bi cwiKíbv MÖnY K‡ib
Ges 10000 ˆm‡bï GK wekvj evwnbx wb‡q g°v Awfgy‡L hvÎv K‡ib| gymjgvb‡ì GB evwnbx †`‡L Kvwdiiv nZf¤^ n‡q
c‡o Ges webv i³cv‡Z g°v wewRZ nq|
Bmjvgx wk¶v wèm

(15 AvMó)
1. 1969 mv‡j Avãyj gv‡jK mn 10 m`‡mï GK cÖwZwbwa `j KZ…K ZrKvwjb wk¶vgš¿x Gqvi gvk©vj b~i Lv‡bi mv‡_
mv¶vZ K‡ib Ges Bmjvgx wk¶v eë¯’v Pvjyi `vex K‡ib |
2.Aí wKQz w`‡bi g‡a¨ miKvi GKwU wk¶vbxwZ †Nvlbv K‡ib G‡Z wKQz Î“wU wePÿwZ _vK‡jI G‡Z Bmjvgx Av`‡k©i cÖvavb¨
cÖwZdwjZ nq|
3. mgvRZš¿x I ag©wbi‡c¶ev`xiv G wk¶vbxwZ evwZ‡ji `vwe Rvbvq|
G ‡cÖ¶vc‡U 2iv AvMó 69 , b¨vkbvj BbwówUDU Ae cvewjK GWwgwb‡óªkb ( wbcv ) G wk¶bxwZi Dci Av‡jvPbv
AbywôZ nq Avã~j gv‡jK Zvi ¶ziavi hyw³ I ewjô fvl‡bi gva¨‡g Bmjvgx wk¶vi †kªôZ¡ `„pZvi mv‡_ Zz‡j a‡ib hvi
Kvi‡b Dcw¯’Z myax gÛjx Bmjvgx wk¶vi c‡¶ gZ cÖKvk K‡i G Av‡jvPbv mfvi ci ag©wbi‡c¶ev`xiv Db¥v` e‡b hvq Ges
mKj †¶vf wM‡q c‡o Avãyj gv‡j‡Ki Dci|
wbcvi Av‡jvPbv mfvq ag©wbi‡c¶ev`xiv e¨v_© nIqvi ci Zv‡ì nxb D‡Ïk¨ PwiZv_© Kivi Rb¨ WvKmy - i bv‡g ag©wbi‡c¶
wk¶vi c‡¶ cÖ¯—ve cvk Kiv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨ 12 B AvMó Xv.we QvÎ wk¶K wgjbvqZ‡b Av‡qvRb K‡i Av‡jvPbv mfvi|
QvÎ‡ì c¶ †_‡K Avãyj gv‡jK mn K‡qKRb Bmjvgx wk¶vi Dci K_v ej‡Z PvB‡j Zv‡ì †m my‡hvM †`qv nqwb | mfvi
GK ch©v‡q R‰bK QvÎ‡bZv Bmjvgx wk¶vi cÖwZ KUv¶ K‡i| †kªvZviv Gi Zxeª we‡ivaxZv K‡i Ges †kvMvb DVvq Bmjvgx
wk¶vbxwZ Pvjy Ki Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi mv‡_ mv‡_ ag©wbi‡c¶ev`xiv Bmjvgx wk¶vi ¯^c‡¶i QvÎ‡ì Dci Suvwc‡q c‡o| Avã~j
gv‡jK Zvi mv_x‡ì ¯’vb Z¨vM Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡jb | me©‡kl mš¿vmx‡ì †Qvej †_‡K euvPvi Rb¨ Avãyj gv‡jK mn 3 / 4
Rb QvÎ †im‡Kvm© gq`vb (eZ©gv‡b †mvnivIqv`©x D`¨vb ) Gi w`‡K †`Šov‡Z _v‡Kb mš¿vmxiv Zv‡ì Zvov K‡i Ges gv‡Vi
gvSLv‡b Avãyj gv‡jK‡K †jvnvi iW , jvwV , nwKwóK w`‡q AgvbweK fv‡e gviai K‡i †d‡j P‡j hvq AvnZ nq Zvi mv_x
MvRx Bw`&ªm I| cieZ©x‡Z †jvKRb Zv‡ì nvmcvZv‡j cvVvq Ges 15B AvMó Avãyj gv‡jK kvnv`vZ eib K‡ib |
knx` wèm
(11 gvP©)
1982 mv‡ji 11B gvP© Bmjvg wcÖq RbZvi Rb¨ GK †kvKven w`b| 82 mv‡ji G w`‡b ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi meyR
PZ¡i jvj n‡qwQj Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡ì ZvRv i‡³|
G w`b wQj iv.we wkwe‡ii bevMZ msea©bv Abyôvb| G Abyôvb evbPvj Kivi Rb¨ Av‡Mi w`b †_‡KB lohš¿ kyi“ nq|
evav †`q cÖPvi Kv‡h© AvnZ nq K‡qKRb wkwei Kg©x|
139
11 B gvP© mKvj †_‡K Abyôv‡bi cÖ¯‘wZ gyjK KvR ïi“ nq| Pvwiw`K †_‡K wkwei Kg©xiv I mvavib QvÎiv Abyôv‡b
Avm‡Z _v‡K| Avi Aci w`‡K G Abyôvb evbPvj Kivi Rb¨ knx` wgbv‡i jvwV-‡mvUv , ivg`v , ejg ,nwKwóK , iW
wb‡q R‡ov nq QvÎ BDwbqb , QvÎjxM , wecex QvÎ BDwbqb mn Z_vKw_Z QvÎ msMÖvg cwil` Gi mk¯¿ ¸Ûv evwnbx|
Abyôvb ïi“ nj h_vwiwZ †KviAvb †ZjvIqvZ w`‡q| Zviv †QvU †QvU MÖ“‡c wef³ n‡q evi evi †Mvj‡hvM m„wó Ki‡Z
PvBj| cÖwZev‡iB wkwei Kg©xiv Zv‡ì †Póv e¨_© K‡i †`q| BwZg‡a¨ evwn‡i †_‡K Zviv evm †fvRvB K‡i cuvP-QqkZ ¸Ûv
G‡b wkwei Kg©x‡ì Pviw`K †_‡K †NivI K‡i †d‡j Ges Suvwc‡q c‡o wbi¯¿ wkwei Kg©x‡ì Dci | AvZœ i¶vi Rb¨ wkwei
Kg©xiv Gw`K †mw`K QzUv QzwU Ki‡Z _v‡K| wKQz Kg©x AvZœi¶vi Rb¨ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi b¨vkbvj K¨v‡WU †Kv‡i Wy‡K ìRv eÜ
K‡i †`q| wKš‘ wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wKQz gyL‡Pbv wk¶K bv‡gi KjsK †`wL‡q †`q wkwei Kg©x‡ì| mš¿vmxiv ìRv †f‡½ bviKxq
ZvÛe Pvjvq wkwei Kg©x‡ì Dci| GKwU B‡Ui Dci gv_v †i‡L Av‡iKwU BU w`‡q AvNv‡Z AvNv‡Z P~Y© -weP~b© K‡i †`q wkwei
Kg©x‡ì gv_v| wkwei Kg©x‡ì i‡³ jvj n‡q hvq Gbwmwm †Kw›U‡bi †g‡S , †Pqvi , †Uwej , Ges †`qvj| NUbvi K‡qK
w`b ci I †mLv‡b ‡Qvc †Qvc i‡³i `vM wkwei Kg©x‡ì Z¨v‡Mi gwngv Rvwb‡q w`”Q‡jv| G NUbvq AvnZ nq Aa©kZvaxK
wkwei Kg©x , wKš‘ wek¦we`¨vjq KZ…c¶ bxie , cywjk wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Kv‡QB wQj| wKš‘ wek¦we`¨vjq cÖkvm‡bi AbygwZ bv
cvIqvq nvgjvKvix‡ì evav w`‡Z cv‡iwb|
hviv knx` n‡jb -
1g knx` kvweŸi Avngv` - 11 B gvP© nvmcvZv‡j mKvj 11.30 Uvq|
2q knx` Avãyj nvwg` - 11 B gvP© nvmcvZv‡j ivZ 9.00 Uvq|
3q knx` AvBDe Avjx - 12 B gvP© nvmcvZv‡j ivZ 10.40 wgwb‡U|
4_© knx` Avãyj RveŸvi - 28 wW‡m¤î ivZ 11.40 wgwb‡U `xN© 9 gvm wZwb g„Zzï mv‡_ cvÁv j‡ob|
KziAvb wèm
(11 †g)
fywgKvt
1. 1985-11†g PvcvBbeveM‡Äi wbgZjv †gv‡oi C`Mvn I ivRc_ Aa©kZ ‡jv‡Ki i‡³iwÄZ nq
2. 1985-11 †g, fvi‡Zi 2Rb bvMixK cÙgj †Pvciv I kxZj wks KjKvZv nvB‡Kv‡U© wg‡mm cÙ Lv¯—Mx‡ii
Av`vj‡Z gvgjv `v‡qi K‡i|
3. Zviv KziAv‡bi mKj Aviex Kwc I Abyev` ev‡Rqvß Kivi A†hŠw³K `vex K‡i|
4. KviY, KziAv‡b Kv‡di-gykwiK†ì nZ¨v Kivi cÖwZ DrmvwnZ K‡i‡Q|
5. 1985-12 †g wePvicwZ gvgjvwU MÖnY K‡i 3 mßv‡ni g‡a¨ ivR¨ miKvi‡K Gwd‡WwfU cÖ`vb Kivi Rb¨ wb‡`©k †`b|
6. GB Lei cÖ_‡g KjKvZvq I c‡o mgMÖ we‡k¦ Lye `ª“Z Qwo‡q c‡o| µ‡g KjKvZvmn wek¦ gymwj‡gi Aš—‡i cÖPÛ
AvNvZ nvb‡Z _v‡K| mgMÖ we‡k¦i gymjgvbiv we‡¶v‡f †d‡U c‡o|
7. 10†g XvKvmn †`‡ki ¸i“Z¡c~Y© kni ¸‡jv‡Z Gi cÖwZev‡` RbZv wgwQj ïi“ Ki‡j cywjk Zv‡ì Dci jvwVPvR©
K‡i, GB wbDR mgMÖ evsjv‡`‡k Qwo‡q c‡o|
11 †g we¯—vwiZ NUbvt
1. wkwei 1985-10 †g evqZzj †gvKviig †_‡K 20 nvRvi gymwji we‡¶vf wgwQj †ei K‡i|
2. Avi 11†g ZrKvjxb PvcvB beveMÄ Avjxqv gvìvmvi Aa¨¶ gvIjvbv ûmvBb Avng` Bgv‡bi `vex wnmv‡e Gi
cÖwZev` Kivi cwiKíbv MªnY K‡i gvìvmvi wk¶K, gmwR‡ì Bgvg I ¯’vbxq wewkó e¨w³eM©‡ì wb‡q GKwU cÖwZev`x
KwgwU MVb K‡i|
3. KwgwU Av‡jvPbv I chv©‡jvPbv K‡i 11 †g wbgZjv C`Mv gv‡V mvaviY RbMY‡K wb‡q weKvj 4Uvq fvi‡Zi wei“‡×
cÖwZev` mgv‡e‡ki Av‡qvRb K‡i|
4. ‡cvóvi, wjd‡jU I gvBwKs h_vixwZ cÖPvi Pj‡Z _v‡K|
5. ‡cvÖMÖvg ïi“i gvÎ 3N›Uv cy‡e© Av‡qvRK‡ì cywjk cÖkvm‡bi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z e‡j †W‡K wb‡q cÖwZev` mfv eÜ
Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i mv`v KvM‡R mB wb‡q wgwUs eÜ Kivi wm×vš— MÖnb K‡i cywjk| †Rjv cÖkvmK Gmwc†K wb‡q wm×vš—
MªnY K‡i C`Mv gv‡V †cÖvMÖvg Ki‡Z bv †`qvi|
6. ZvB 2/3 N›Uv c~‡e© miKvi gvB‡K 144 aviv Rvwi K‡i wgwUs evwZ‡ji †Nvlbv w`‡Z _v‡K|
7. †mB wbDR me RvqMvq †cv‡Q bvB e‡j BwZg‡a¨B nvRvi nvRvi †jvK C`Mv gv‡V mg‡eZ n‡q Zvi cÖwZev` Ki‡Z _v‡K|
8. ‡mB Lei †c‡q †gwR‡óªU Iqvwn`y¾vgvb †gvjvi †bZ…‡Z¡ GK`j cywjk Qy‡U
G‡m gvV Lvwj Ki‡Z wb‡`k© †`q| ‡bZ…e„Ü Zv‡ì‡K Rvwb‡q w`‡jv Avgiv GKUz †`vqv Kiv Qvov GB ¯’vb Z¨vM Kie bv|
Ae¯’v †eMwZK †`‡L dwKi cvov
gmwR‡ì Bgvg Kvix Bgi“j nK †gwR‡óªU Iqvwn`y¾vgvb‡K Aby‡iva K‡i Avgiv wbgZjvq RbMb‡K wb‡q gybvhvZ K‡i P‡j
hv‡ev|
140
†gwR‡óªU e‡j gybvhvZ †Zv `~‡ii K_v GKwU K_vI ejv hv‡e bv| Gi d‡j D‡ËRbv m„wó nq Ges cywj‡ki mv‡_ cv_i
wb‡¶‡ci NUbv NU‡j
9. mKj †jvKRb †mB w`‡K Qy‡U hvq Ges cywjk Zv‡ì Dci 15 wgwbU ¸wj Pvwj‡q 15 eQ‡ii Zi“Y Avãyj gwZb
mn 8 Rb‡K nZ¨v K‡i| cywjk kn‡i 144 aviv Rvwi K‡i gvB‡K †jvKRb‡K †ei bv n‡Z †Nvlbv w`‡Z _v‡K|
‡m w`b hviv knx` nbt
10. Avãyj gwZb-10g †kªYx -wkwei Kgx© 14. kvnveyÏxb-6ô†kªYxi QvÎ
11. iwk`yj nK iwk`-10g †kªYx, wkwei Kgx© 15. AvjZvdzi ingvb meyi-K…lK
12. kxl gynv¤§`-8g†kªYx, wkwei Kgx© 16. gy³vi †nv‡mb-wiKªv PvjK
13. gynv¤§` †mwjg-8g †kªYx, wkwei Kgx© 17. bRi“j Bmjvg-‡ij kªwgK
eì wèm
(17 igRvb)
f~wgKv-
Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m cÖ_g hy× eì Awe¯§iYxq GK NUbv| KzivBk‡ì ch©`y¯— K‡i gymjgvbiv wek¦gq Bmjv‡gi †kªôZ¡ cÖ_g
ev‡ii b¨vq cÖgvb Ki‡jb|
eì Gi †cÖ¶vcU -
ivmyj (mvt) `xN© 13 eQi g°vq Pig AZ¨vPvi , wbh©vZb , wb‡®úl‡b RR©wiZ n‡q Avjvni wb‡`©‡k g`xbvq 622 Lªxóv‡ã
wnRiZ K‡ib| wKš‘ †KvivBk‡ì wnsmvZœK g‡bvfve gymjgvb‡ì‡K g`xbv‡Z I kvwš—‡Z _vK‡Z †`qwb| wnRi‡Zi ci
cÖwZwbqZ Zviv g`xbvi mxgv‡š— jyUZivR Ae¨vnZ iv‡L| Gi cvkvcvwk gymjgvb‡ì wPiZ‡i wbt†kl K‡i w`‡Z g`xbvi
Bqvû`x I gybvwdK‡ì mv‡_
RNb¨ loh‡š¿ †g‡Z D‡V| Gi avivevwnKZvq Zviv wmwiqv †_‡K AZ¨vaywbK A¯¿ msMÖn K‡i| wmwiqv †_‡K A¯¿ wb‡q †divi
mgq Zviv ¸Re Qwo‡q †`q
gymjgvbiv Zv‡ì Kv‡djvq nvgjv K‡i mKj wKQz jyU K‡i wb‡q hv‡”Q G ¸Re Qwo‡q Zviv g°vq mvnvh¨ †P‡q cvVvq| G
AccÖPv‡i g°vi KzivBkiv myì g°v †_‡K g`xbvi 80 gvBj DËi cwð‡g eì bvgK ¯’v‡b nvwRi nq|
eì Gi NUbv-
gnvbex (mvt) KzivBk‡ì MwZwewai Lei †c‡q 624 Lªxóv‡ãi 16 B gvP© I 16 igRvb Zvi m½x mv_x‡ì wb‡q g`xbv n‡Z
80 gvBj `w¶b - cwð‡g Aew¯’Z eì bvgK ¯’v‡b Dcw¯’Z nb| AZci 17 B igRvb Dfq `‡ji g‡a¨ GK i³¶qx hy×
msNwUZ nq| Ges gymjgvbiv G hy‡× weRqx nq|
G hy‡× gymjgvb‡ì msL¨v wQj gvÎ 313 Rb | Aci w`‡K KzivBkiv wQj 1000 Rb| 14 Rb gymwjg kvnv`vZ eib K‡ib|
Avi KzivBkiv Zv‡ì †mbvcwZ Avey Rv‡nj mn 70 Rb wbnZ nq| Ges 70 Rb KzivBk ewÜ nq|
cjvkx wèm
( 23 Ryb )
1957 mv‡ji 23 Ryb evsjvi ¯^vaxbZvi m~h© A¯—wgZ nq| G w`b cjvkxi AvgªKvb‡b evsjvi †kl ¯^vaxb beve wmivR-D`-‡`Šjvn I
Bs‡iR evwnbx GK Zzgyj hy‡× Rwo‡q c‡o , wKš‘ bev‡ei `yB †mbvcwZ wek¦vm NvZK gxiRvdi I ivq `yj©f Zv‡ì Awab¯’ †mbv`j wb‡q
cyZz‡ji gZ `vwo‡q _v‡K| gxi g`b I †gvnb jvj exi weµ‡g jovB K‡i Bs‡iR‡ì `ye©j K‡i †d‡j| gxi g`b gxi Rvd‡ii Bw½‡Z
wbw¶ß Kvgv‡bi †Mvjvq wbnZ nb| ‡gvnb jvj exi weµ‡g hy× Pvwj‡q hvw”Q‡jb , Ggb mgq gxi Rvd‡ii Kzgš¿bvq hy× eÜ Kiv nq| G
my‡hv‡M Bs‡iRiv AvgªKvbb †_‡K †ei n‡q wcQb †_‡K nvgjv Pvjvq| beve wmivR-D`-‡`Šjvn ZLb wbi“cvq n‡q hy× †¶Î †_‡K
cjvqb K‡ib , wKš‘ `yfv©M¨µ‡g wZwb gxi Rvd‡ii AbyPi‡ì nv‡Z a„Z nb Ges gxi Rvd‡ii cyÎ gxi gxi‡bi Av‡`‡k gynv¤§`x †eM
Zvu‡K wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v K‡i|
evjv‡KvU wèm
( 6 †g)
 evsjv cvK-fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡k gymjgvbiv 800 eQi ivRZ¡ K‡iwQj|
1757 mv‡j cjvwki hy‡× evsjv wenvi Dwol¨vi †kl ¯^vaxb beve wmivR-D`-‡`Šjvi civR‡qi gva¨‡g gymwjg ivR‡Z¡i Aemvb N‡U|
Ges 1885 mv‡jG‡`‡k e„wUk AvwacZ¨ cÖwZwôZ nq| e„wUk †ewbqv‡ì mv‡_ lohš¿ K‡i wn›`yiv gymjgvb‡ì‡K ivóªxq ¶gZv †_‡K
wePÿZ K‡i Zv‡ì‡K A_©bxwZ, mgvR, wk¶v, ms¯‹…wZ †_‡K Pig ‡`Dwjqvcbvi w`‡K †V‡j †`q| gymjgvbiv G‡`k‡K `vi“j nie g‡b
K‡i 1757 mv‡ji ci †_‡K evi evi wewfbœ ¯’vb †_‡K Av‡›`vjb K‡i e„wUk‡ì wei“‡× we‡¶v‡f †d‡U c‡o| ‡hgb-1765 mv‡ji
dKxi we‡`ªvn, 1857 mv‡j mviv †`ke¨vcx MY Av‡›`vjb, 1864 mv‡j mxgvš— Awfhvb w`‡q Av‡›`vj‡bi m~Pbv nq| gvSLv‡b wZZzgx‡ii
we‡`ªvn, nvRx kixqvZzjvn I `y`ywgqvi Av‡›`vjb,
mvB‡q` Avng` ‡eªjexi Afy¨`q I evjv‡Kv‡Ui hy×, cvUbvi kvn Gbv‡qZ Avjxi msMVb I Zvi ZrciZv, wm¯—vb , g~év I cvÄv‡ei
hy× mgyn Ges cvUbv,
A¤^jvi lohš¿ gvgjvi gva¨‡g †m mk¯¿ msMÖv‡gi cwimgvwß N‡U|
141
 gymjgvbiv iv÷ªxq ¶gZvmn mKj wKQ~ nviv‡jI Zviv me©‡kl CgvbUzKz nviv‡Z Pvbwb| ZvB Zviv Cgvbx †PZbvq ewjqvb
n‡q `vi“j Bmjvg cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Rxeb giY msMÖv‡g wjß nq|
mvB‡q¨` Avngv‡ì Av‡›`vjb I kvnv`vZ -
gymjgvb‡ì `gv‡Z Bs‡iRiv cvÁv‡ei wkL `jcwZ iYwRr wmsn ‡K cÖ‡ivPbv †`q| ibwRr wmsn gymjgvb‡ì Dci AZ¨vPvi
wbh©vZb ïi“ K‡i | ZLb mvB‡q¨` Avngv` wkL‡ì wei“‡× †Rnv‡ì †Nvlbv †`b Ges 1831 mv‡ji 6 B †g evjv‡Kv‡U
mgivfxhvb Pvjvb| GB Av‡›`vjb Ò gynv¤§`x Av‡›`vjb Ó bv‡g cwiwPZ wQj| G Av‡›`vjb cwð‡g Kveyj I Kv›`vnvi n‡Z
c~‡e© evsjv‡`k ch©š— we¯—…wZ jvf K‡i| evjv‡Kv‡Ui G hy‡× `ya©l© wkL evwnbxi wbKU ˆmq` Avngv` I Zvi KwZcq wkl¨
civwRZ n‡q kvnv`vr eib K‡ib|
‰mq` Avngv‡ì mnKg©x-
= kvn BmgvBj = kvn Avãyj nvB cÖgyL|
evjv‡KvU wèm
( 6 †g)
f~wgKvt
 evsjv cvK-fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡k gymjgvbiv 800 eQi ivRZ¡ K‡iwQj|
 1757 mv‡j cjvwki hy‡× evsjv wenvi Dwol¨vi †kl ¯^vaxb beve wmivR
D` ‡`Šjvi civR‡qi gva¨‡g gymwjg ivR‡Z¡i Aemvb N‡U|
 1885 mv‡j G‡`‡k e„wUk AvwacZ¨ cÖwZwôZ nq|
 wn›`y wQ‡jv 70% gymwjg wQ‡jv 30% n‡qI G‡`‡k `xN© w`b kvmvb K‡i‡Q|
 ¯’vbxq wn›`yiv gymjgvb‡ì cwie‡Z© L„óvb‡ì mn‡hvwMZv K‡i Zv‡ì AvbyMZ¨ ïi“ K‡i Ges gymjgvbiv Zv‡ì
wei“axZv K‡i|
 we‡`kx †ewbqv‡ì mv‡_ lohš¿ K‡i wn›`yiv gymjgvb‡ì‡K ivóªxq ¶gZv †_‡K wePÿZ K‡i Zv‡ì‡K A_©bxwZ, mgvR,
wk¶v, ms¯‹…wZ †_‡K Pig ‡`Dwjqvcbvi w`‡K †V‡j †`q|
 ‡h Dcgnv‡`kwU GZw`b `vi“j Bmjvg wQ‡jv Zv GLb `vi“j ni‡e cwiYZ nq|
 Bs‡iR‡Ì gymjgvbiv G‡`k‡K `vi“j nie g‡b K‡i 1757 mv‡ji ci †_‡K evi evi wewfbœ ¯’vb †_‡K Av‡›`vjb K‡i
e„wUk‡ì wei“‡× we‡¶v‡f †d‡U c‡o|
 ‡hgb-1765 mv‡ji dKxi we‡`ªvn, 1857 mv‡j mviv †`ke¨vcx MY Av‡›`vjb, 1864 mv‡j mxgvš— Awfhvb w`‡q
Av‡›`vj‡bi m~Pbv nq|
 gvSLv‡b wZZzgx‡ii we‡`ªvn, nvRx kixqvZzjvn I `y`ywgqvi Av‡›`vjb,
mvB‡q` Avng` ‡eªjexi Afy¨`q I evjv‡Kv‡Ui hy×, cvUbvi kvn Gbv‡qZ Avjxi msMVb I Zvi ZrciZv, wmË¡vb, g~év I
cvÄv‡ei hy× mgyn Ges cvUbv,
A¤^jvi lohš¿ gvgjvi gva¨‡g †m mk¯¿ msMÖv‡gi cwimgvwß N‡U|
 gymjgvbiv iv÷ªxq ¶gZvmn mKj wKQ~ nviv‡jI Zviv me©‡kl BgvbUzKz nviv‡Z Pvbwb| ZvB Zviv Bgvbx †PZbvq ewjqvb
n‡q `vi“j Bmjvg cÖwZóvi Rb¨ Rxeb giY msMÖv‡g wjß nq|
gyljgvb‡ì `gv‡Z Bs‡iR‡ì †KŠkj-
gymjgvb‡ì `gv‡Z Bs‡iRiv cvb&Rv‡ei wkL `jcwZ iYwRr wmsn ‡K cÖ‡ivPbv †`q| ibwRr wmsn gymjgvb‡ì Dci
AZ¨vPvi wbh©vZb ïi“ K‡i | ZLb mvB‡q¨` Avngv` wkL‡ì wei“‡× †Rnv‡ì †Nvlbv †`b Ges 1831 mv‡ji 6 B †g
evjv‡Kv‡U mgivfxhvb Pvjvb| GB Av‡›`vjb Ò gynv¤§`x Av‡›`vjb Ó bv‡g cwiwPZ wQj| G Av‡›`vjb cwð‡g Kveyj I
Kv›`vnvi n‡Z c~‡e© evsjv‡`k ch©š— we¯—…wZ jvf K‡i| evjv‡Kv‡Ui G hy‡× `ya©l© wkL evwnbxi wbKU ˆmq` Avngv` I Zvi
KwZcq wkl¨ civwRZ n‡q kvnv`vr eib K‡ib|
cwiPqt
 1787 mv‡j wcÛvix gymwjg mi`v‡ii GK GK AwfRvZ es‡k
ˆmq` Avng‡ì Rb¥|
 gymjgvb‡ì `yie¯’v †`‡L Zvi g‡b Kó jvMZ|
 1816 mv‡j D”P wk¶vi Rb¨ wZwb w`wi&j hvb| Av‡j‡gØxb kvn Avãyj AvwR‡Ri wbKU wM‡q wZwb wZb eQ‡i Kzivb
†ndR I nvw`m I †dKvn kv‡¯¿i Ávb AR©b K‡ib|
`vIqvZt
1. wZwb gymjgvb‡ì `ytL wb‡q K_v ej‡Zb Ges Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ w`‡Zb| ‡ivwnjvi wQj ¯^vaxb †PZv| †ivwnjvL‡Ûi
RvqMxi`vi d‡qR Avng` Zvi `vIqvZ Mªnb K‡i Ges †jvKRb‡K mg‡eZ Ki‡Z †Póv K‡i|
142
2. ‡ivwnjvLÛ †_‡K wZwb A‡hv`¨vq †M‡jb Gesq GLvb †_‡K wZwb Us‡K G†m w`wji AvKei ev`x Rv‡g gmwR‡`
GKwÎZ n‡q †jvKRb‡K mg‡eZ Ki‡Z _v‡Kb Ges Øx‡bi RvMiY m„wó K‡ib|
3. gvIjvbv BmgvBj I Avãyj nvB Zvi mv‡_ GKgZ n‡q wRnv‡ì Kv‡djvq kixK nq|
w`wj †_‡K ‡e‡iwj‡Z c‡i cvUbvq †cŠQ‡j wecyj †jvK Zv‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbvq| wZwb Ms&Mvi c_ a‡i mv_x‡ì wb‡q KwjKvZv
†cv‡Qb| Gme GjvKvq nvRvi nvRvi †jvK Kv‡djvq kixK nq|
4. GLvb †_‡K wZwb nvRvi nvRvi îvK wb†q 11wU Rvnv†R Kv‡djv‡K wb‡q n‡¾ hvb Ges gv`xbv wRqvciZ K‡ib|
5. ‡mLvb‡_‡K wZwb `v‡g¯‹, †Ri“mv‡jg, Zzi‡¯‹i K÷vbwU‡bvcvj hvb Ges GLv‡b `vIqvZx KvR K‡i AmqL¨
gyRvwn` msMÖn K‡i|
6. c‡i GLvb †_‡K wZwb Rvnvh K‡i †ev¤^vq Avm‡j Zvi mv_x Rb mgy‡`ªi i“c jvf K‡i|
mKj †K mv‡_ wb‡q w`wj G‡m `vIqvZx KvR †Rvi`vi K‡i|
dwKi we‡`ªvn
1757 ‡_‡K 1857 ch©šÍ ØxN© 100 eQi a‡i P‡j ¯^vaxbZvi hy×| BwZnv‡m GB msMÖv‡gi GKwU ch©vq dwKi I mb¨vwm
we‡`ªvn bv‡g ¶vZ n‡q Av‡Q| G msMÖv‡gi bvqK wQ‡jb dwKi gRby kvn| Zvi evwnbx XvKv, ewikvj, ivRkvnx, iscyi,
KzPwenvi, gqgbwmsn, Kzwgjv, †ebvim, c~wb©qv, ea©gvb, †gw`bxcyi, exif~g, RjcvB¸wo, w`bvRcyi, e¸ov, PUªMÖvg mn cÖvq
mgMÖ evsjvq AvwacZ¨ we¯Ív‡ii cÖqvm cvq|
dwKi we‡`ªv‡ni myPbv :-
cjvkx hy‡×i ci we‡kl K‡i 1764 mv‡j gxi Kv‡j‡Igi civR‡qi ci BóBwÛqv †Kv¤úvbxi AZ¨vPvi ïi“ Ki‡j dwKi
we‡`ªvn ïi“ nq| Ges Gi cwi mgvwß N‡U 1833/1834 mv‡j| wZwb †gvNj kvnx cwiev‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib|
Gi Kvib :-
GKvav‡i BóBwÛqv †Kv¤úvwb I Zv‡ì AbyMÖncyó wn›`y Rwg`vi, gnvRb‡ì AgvbywlK AZ¨vPvi Drcxo‡b AwZô n‡q G dwKi
we‡`ªvn ïi“ nq|
Gi D‡Ïk¨ :-
G we‡`ªv‡ni g~j D‡Ïk¨ wQj BóBwÛqv †Kv¤úvwbi m„ó I Avkªqcyó †kvlbKvix Rwg`vi‡ì D‡”Q` Kiv fevbx cvVK, †èx †PŠayivbx mn
A‡bK †`k‡cÖwgK I Rwg`vi Zvi G Av‡›`vj‡bi mg_©K wQ‡jb|
hv‡ì †bZ…‡Z¡ G Av‡›`vjb :- dwKi Av‡›`vj‡b hviv †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q‡Qb Zv‡ì g‡a¨ D‡jL‡hvM¨ n‡jb gRbykvn, civMjkvn, †mvenvb
kvn, gv`vi eLk, Rwi kvn, Kwig kvn Zv‡ì g‡a¨ D‡jL †hvM¨ n‡jb gRbykvn, gvRykvn, wUcy cvMj I MRbdi ZzK©kvn|
gRbykvn ïi“ K‡ib 1764 mv‡j Ges Kzwóqvi KzgviLvwj‡Z e„wUk‡ì civwRZ K‡ib|
gvRykvn 1784 mv‡j gqgbwms, Avjvcwms, Rvdikvnx Ges †kicyi AÂ‡ji Rwg`vi‡ì wei“‡× Awfhvb Pvjvb|
cybivq 1786 mv‡j dwKi we‡`ªvn ïi“ nq Ges gqgbwms‡n Bs‡iR‡ì mv‡_ cÖPÛ msN‡l© dwKi evwnbx civwRZ nq|
dwKi we‡`ªvn w¯ÍwgZ nIqvi ci Rwg`vi‡ì AZ¨vPvi-wbh©vZb Pi‡g DV‡j Zvi Aekvb K‡í 1825 mv‡j wUcy cvMj Gi
†bZ…‡Z¡ cybivq cÖRv mvaviY msMwVZ nq Ges LvRbv e‡Üi `vwe‡Z Av‡›`vjb K‡i G‡Z K‡qKwU msN‡l© wUcy cvMj weRqx
n‡q me©‡kl †kicy‡ii hy‡× civwRZ I ewÜ nq wUcy cvMj|
1833 mv‡j wUcyi `yRb mnKg©xi †bZ…‡Z¡ dwKi `j cybivq msMwVZ nq Ges GK cÖPÛ msN‡l© Bs‡iR evwnbxi wbKU dwKi
`j civwRZ I QÎfsM n‡q hvq|
G Av‡›`vj‡bi myPbvKvwi gRbykvn AvbygvwbK 1787 mv‡j Kvbcyi †Rjvi gvLbcy‡i B‡šÍKvj Ki‡j Zv‡K Zvi Rb¥f~wg
†gIqv‡Z `vdb Kiv nq|
gRbykv‡ni g„Zzï ci Zvi cyÎ civM Avwj, cvwjZ cyÎ †PivM Avjx, AšÍi½ f³ gymv kvn, †mvenvb kvn, kg‡ki kvn, cÖgyL
wkl¨Mb Aóv`k kZ‡Ki †klZK Bs‡iR‡ì wei“‡× msMÖvg Ae¨vnZ iv‡Lb|
div‡qRx Av‡›`vjb
cjvwki cÖvšÍ‡i beve wmivRy‡ÏŠjvn civRq eiY Ges 1764 mv‡j gxi Kv‡m‡gi civR‡qi gva¨‡g G‡`‡ki gvb †li Dci
Rwg`vi gnvRb I Bs‡iR‡ì mgwš^Z wbh©vZb ïi“ n‡j Ges G‡`‡ki gvbyl ak©xq †Mvuovgx Kzms¯‹vi G Av”Qbœ n‡q co‡j
Zv‡ì‡K evuPv‡bvi Rb¨ nvRx kwiqZzjvn †h Av‡›`vjb ïi“ K‡ib RvZxq ABwZnv‡m ZvB div‡qRx Av‡›`vjb bv‡g
cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i|
G Av‡›`vj‡bi Kvi‡b e„wUk mvgªvRëv‡ì fxZ †Ku‡c D‡V| nvRx kwiqZzjvn civaxb fviZ‡K `vi“j nvie †Nvlbv K‡ib,
wZwb Rb¥ MÖnY K‡ib 1781/1784 mv‡j dwi`cyi †Rjvi e›ì ciMbvq| B‡šÍKvj K‡ib 1840 mv‡j| Zvi g„Zzï ci
Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZ…Z¡ †`b `y`ywgqv|
ZrKvwjb gymjgvb‡ì Ae¯’v wQj :-
1. ag©xq Abylk&Vvbvw` cvj‡b gymjgvb‡ì evav †`qv nZ|
2. wn›`y Rwg`vi‡ì GjvKvq Mi“ †Kvievbx wbwl× Kiv nq|
143
3. wn›`y Rwg`vi‡ì GjvKvq AvRvb †`qv wbwl× Kiv nq|
4. wn›`y Rwg`viiv gymjgvb‡ì `vuwoi Dci U¨v· wbav©iY Ki‡jv|
5. c~Rv cve©‡b Pvu`v w`‡Z gymjgvb‡ì eva¨ Kiv n‡Zv|
6. gymjgvb‡ì ag©, Zvnwhe ZvgvÏyb‡K aesm K‡i wn›`y RvZxi g‡a¨ GKvKvi Kivi cwiKíbv Kiv n‡jv|
nvRx kwiqZzjvni g„Zÿ ciewZ© mg‡q Zvi cyÎ †gvnv¤§` †gvnmxb Ii‡d `y`y wgqv Zvi Av‡›`vjb Ae¨vnZ iv‡Lb| `y`y wgqv
1819 mv‡j Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib| Rwg`vi I bxj Ki‡ì AZ¨vPv‡i wePvi cÖv_©x n‡qI †Kvb mywePvi bv †c‡q `y`y wgqv Av‡›`vjb
ïi“ K‡ib-
1. 1842 mv‡j Rwg`vi evox Avµgb K‡ib| 117 Rb †MÖdZvi ciewZ©‡Z Lvjvm cvb|
2. 1846 mv‡j bxjKi Wvbj‡ci KviLvbvq AwMœ ms‡hvM Ges †MÖdZvi n‡q 2 eQi KviveiY|
1859 mv‡j wZwb XvKvq g„Z‚ëiY K‡ib|
nvRx kwiqZzjvni RxeÏkvq †h Av‡bv`vjb ïi“ n‡qwQj Zv wQj gyL¨Z ag©xq ms¯‹vi Av‡›`vjb| AZ¨vPvwi Rwg`vi‡ì
cÖ‡ivPbvq `y GKwU msNl© e¨wZZ Zvi Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ Kv‡qgx ¯^v_©ev`x‡ì mv‡_ msNl© nqwb|
Avi `y`y wgqvi Av‡›`vjb ivR‰bwZK iƒc avib K‡i Ges mviv Rxeb Rwg`vi‡ì I bxjKi‡ì wei“‡× msMÖv‡gB †K‡U hvq|
`y`y wgqvi cieZ©x‡Z cÖ_g I wØZxq cyÎ h_vµ‡g wMqvm DwÏb I bqv wgqv G Av‡›`vj‡b †bZ…Z¡ †`b| Zvi g„Zÿ cieZ©x Z…Zxq
cyÎ Avjvw`b Avngv` †bZ…Z¡ †`b| Avjvw`‡bi ci Zvi cyÎ ev`kvn wgqv cwiPvjbv K‡ib| 1922 mv‡j wZwb †LjvdZ
Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM`vb K‡ib Ges †MÖdZvi nb Gi cieZ©x‡Z div‡qRx Av‡›`vjb ¯’xwgZ n‡q c‡o|
gnv we‡`ªvn/Avhv`x Av‡›`vjb/wmcvnx wece

1857 mv‡j mviv fviZ e¨vwc GK cÖPÛ weªwUk we‡ivax msMÖvg ïiby nq| GwU wQ‡jv Dcgnv‡`‡ki gRjyg gvby‡li cÖ_g Ges
me©vZœK ¯^vaxbZv hy×| Dcgnv‡`‡ki me©¯Í‡ii gvbyl Rxeb cb K‡i GB hy‡× hvwc‡q c‡owQj| BD‡ivcxq BwZnvmweìv GK
wmcvnx we‡`ªvn e‡j AL¨vZ K‡i †Zvjvi †Póv K‡i|
Avhv`x Av‡›`vj‡bi KviY :-
mvB‡q¨` Avngv` wmcvnx wec‡ei †h mKj KviY D‡jL K‡ib Zv n‡jv-
1. G †`‡ki wn›`y gymjgvb‡ì L„óvb wn‡m‡e ag©všÍwiZ Kib ZrciZv|
2. GKB ivbœvq mKj K‡q`x‡K Lvbv LvIqv‡bv hv wQj wPivPwiZ eY©cÖ_vi cwicwš’|
3. 1856 mv‡j GKwU AvB‡bi gva¨‡g weaev‡ì weev‡n DrmvwnZ Kiv nq Gi Øviv wn›`y a‡g© AvNvZ Kiv nq|
4. my`x gnvRb‡ì A_© †kvlY Ges cªRv‡ì Dci AwZwi³ Kifvi Pvwc‡q †`qv|
5. gymjgvb‡ì D”Pc`¯’ miKvix PvKzwi †_‡K AcmvwiZ Kiv nq|
6. wewfbœ AvB‡bi gva¨‡g m¤úwË ev‡Rqvß K‡i AmsL m¤¢vªšÍ cwievi‡K c‡_ ewm‡q †`qv nq|
7. wmcvnx wec‡ei Ab¨Zg GKwU cÖavb KviY wQj-
Mi“ I ïK‡ii Pwe© wgwkªZ Gbwdì ivB‡d‡ji KvZ©yR eënvi eva¨Zvg~jK Kiv hv `vu‡Z †K‡U eënvi Ki‡Z nZ| G‡Z wn›`y
Ges gymjgvb Dfq cÖKvi ˆmb¨‡ì gv‡S †¶v‡fi Av¸b R¡‡j D‡V|
Avhv`x Av‡›`vjb e¨_© nIqvi KviY :-

fvi‡Zi G Avhv`x Av‡›`vjb e¨_© n‡qwQj cÖavbZ †h KwU Kvi‡b Zv n‡jv-
1. Bs‡iR‡ì AvaywbK A‡¯¿i †gvKv‡ejvq wmcvnx‡ì wQj cyivZb I Amg‡qvc‡hvMx A¯¿|
2. ‡`kxq ˆmb¨‡ì gv‡S wQj HK¨ I k„sLjvi Afve|
3. me©Î wed¬e ïi“ n‡jI Zv‡ì †Kvb †K›`ªxq †bZ…Z¡ wQjbv Ges mK‡ji g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK †Kvb †hvMmyÎI wQjbv|
4. KwZcq wek¦vmNvZ‡Ki wek¦vmNvZKZv|
5. ‡`kxq wmcvnx‡ì g‡a¨ Av`k© Pwi‡Îi Afv‡ei Kvi‡b jyVZivR I nZ¨vhÁ gymjgvb I wn›`y‡ì g‡a¨ cviw¯úwiK
Awek¦vm m„wó K‡i|
6. Bs‡iR nVvI Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb gnvb Av`k© wQ‡jv bv|
e½f½
c~e©e‡½i Ae‡nwjZ Rbc` Gi myweav ewÂZ gvby‡li AwaKvi wbwðZ Kib Ges wekvj evsjvi cÖkvlwbK eë¯’vcbv‡K my›ì
Kivi ¯^v‡_©B G e½f‡½i aviYv ïi“ nq| GLv‡b gymjgvb‡ì †Kvb nvZ wQjbv 1867 mv‡j evsjvi Mfb©i DBwjqvg Ges
1872 mv‡j m¨vi Rb K¨v¤ú‡ej Gi Awf‡hv‡Mi wfwË‡Z kvmb Kvh© cwiPvjbvi myweav‡_© kªxnUª, KvQvi, †Mvqvjcvov GKRb
144
Pxc Kwgkbv‡ii kvmbvaxb Kivi ciI Gi wekvjZvi Kvi‡b 1892 Ges 1896 mv‡j miKvix gnj †_‡KB cÖ¯Íve Kiv nq jW©
KvR©‡bi Kv‡Q G evsjv‡K `ywU cÖ‡`‡k fvM Kivi Rb¨ hvi djkÖ“wZ e½f½|
e½f‡½i KviY :
1. evsjvi c~ev©Âj wQj me©w`K w`‡q AbyYœZ I Ae‡nwjZ
2. Î“wUc~Y© cÖkvlb eë¯’v
3. b`xeûj AÂj nIqvq Rj`mÿ‡ì wbwe©ev` jyÚb
4. `ye©j I Ach©vß cywjk evwnbxi d‡j me©¯‡Í i wQj AivRKZv I wek„sLjv
5. c~ev©Â‡ji wk¶vi Rb¨ †Kvb A_© eiv× wQjbv
†h mKj AÂj wb‡q : Avmvg, DËi I c~e©es½ wb‡q MwVZ Gi AvqZb wQj 106,500 eM©gvBj hvi `yBZ…wZqvsk wQj
gymjgvb| GwU wQj gymwjg msL¨vMwiô cÖ‡`k|
e½f‡½i hvÎvïi“ : eojvU jW© KvR©b fviZ mwP‡ei mv‡_ civgk© K‡i 1905 mv‡ji 20 RyjvB G bZyb cÖ‡`k MVb †NvwlZ
nq Ges 16 A‡±vei †_‡K Gi KvR ïi“ nq| G bZzb cÖ‡`‡ki cÖ_g MfY©i wQ‡jb m¨vi e¨vgwdì dzjvi|
Pig we‡ivaxZv : e½f‡½i ciciB wn›`y‡ì g‡a¨ e¨vcK cÖwZwµqv †`Lv w`j Zviv G‡K wewfbœ Awfavq AwfwnZ Kij Ges
ïi“ Ki‡jv e½f½ we‡ivax ¯^v_©ev`x Av‡›`vjb|
1. GUv RvZxq H‡Kï cÖwZ AvNvZ|
2. fviZ e‡l© wn›`y‡ì ivR‰bwZK Av‡›`vj‡b †bZ…Z¡ †`qvi kvw¯Í|
3. gymjgvb‡ì cÖwZ miKv‡ii c¶cvwZZ¡|
4. Gi gva¨‡g gymjgvb‡ì KZ…Z¡ cÖwZôv Kiv n‡jv|
5. RvZx‡K wØav wef³ Kiv n‡jv| cweÎ evsjv‡K wØLwÛZ Kiv n‡jv|
6. weªwUk miKvi Ges ‡`k‡`ªvnx gymjgvb‡ì g‡a¨ GK Aïf AvuZv‡Zi dj G e½f½|
e½f½ i` : wn›`y‡ì e¨vcK Av‡›`vjb µgk w¯’wgZ n‡q c‡o Ges 1910 mv‡ji †k‡l cwiw¯’wZ ¯^vfvwe‡Ki w`‡K wd‡i
Av‡m| wKš‘ 1911 mv‡j e„wUk mvgªv‡Rï ivRv cÂg RR© I ivbx †gix fviZåg‡b G‡j G Dcj‡¶ w`wj‡Z Av‡qvRb K‡i
weivU Avo¤î c~Y© ìev‡ii ivRv cÂg RR© GK bwRi wewnb we¯§qKi I AcÖZ¨vwkZ †Nvlbv †`b †h e½f½ i` Kiv n‡jv|
ZLb kvmK wQj jW© nvwW©Ä|
‡LjvdZ Av‡›`vjb
ZrKvwjb fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡ki gymjgvbMb mKjcÖKvi KZ…Z¡ nvwi‡q Zzi‡¯‹i myjZvb‡K Aej¤^b K‡i wKQyUv mvšÍbv jv‡fi
†Póv KiwQj| Zzi¯‹ ïay gymwjg ivóªB wQjbv eis Zzi‡¯‹i myjZvb‡K gymwjg Rvnv‡bi Lwjdv Ges H‡Kï cÖwZK g‡b Kiv
n‡Zv| cÖ_g wek¦hy‡× Zzi¯‹ e„wUk‡ì wec¶ `‡j †hvM †`q wKš‘ fviZxq gymjgvbiv e„wU‡ki c¶ †bq G Kvi‡b Zviv Avkv
KiwQ‡jv †h e„wUkiv G mg_©‡bi LvwZ‡i Zi¯‹‡K †Kvb cÖKvi kvw¯’ w`‡ebv| †m ai‡bi Avk¦vmI e„wUk‡ì ga¨ †_‡K †`qv
n‡qwQj| wKš‘ hy‡`&k wgÎkw³i weR‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_B †Mvcb Pzw³i gva¨‡g Zzi¯‹‡K AvjwRwiqv †_‡KZ evnivBb ch©šÍ mg¯Í
AÂj LÛ-weLÛ K‡i d«vÝ,MÖxm I e„‡U‡bi g‡a¨ weZiY Kiv n‡jv|
Gfv‡e Dmgvbxq ivóª‡K LÛ-weLÛ Kivi Kvi‡b fviZxq gymjgvb‡Iì g‡a¨ Zxeª Am‡šÍvl †`Lv †`q gymjgvb †bZ…e„›`
fvi‡Zi fvBmi‡qi Kv‡Q Zv‡ì †¶vf cÖKvk K‡ib Ges gvIjvbv †gvnv¤§` Avjx RIni Ges mvB‡q¨` myjvqgvb b`fx cÖgyL
†bZ…e„‡›ì GKwU cÖwZwbax `j jÛb Mgb K‡ib Ges e„wUk KZ…c‡¶i wbKU Zv‡ì g‡bvfve e¨³ K‡ib| Gi DË‡i ejv nq
†h ïaygvÎ Zzi‡¯‹i f~wg Qvov Ab¨vb¨ AÂj Zi¯‹‡K †`qv n‡e bv| G‡Z Zzi‡¯‹i †LjvdZ cyb: cÖwZôvi Rb¨ fvi‡Z ïi“
nq cÖPÛ Av‡›`vjb hv BwZnv‡m †LjvdZ Av‡›`vjb bv‡g AwfwnZ| Gi †bZ…Z¡ †`b gvIjvbv gynv¤§` Avjx RIni, Ks‡MÖm
Ges Ks‡MÖm mg,_©K Rwgq‡Z Ijvgv‡q wn›` †LjvdZ Av‡›`jb‡K c~Y© mg_©b w`‡jv| Ges 1919 mv‡ji 10 AvMó mviv †`‡k
†LjvdZ wèm cvj‡bi Avnevb Rvbv‡bv n‡jv|
‡Ljvd‡Zi D‡”Q` : 1924 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m Zzi‡¯‹i me©‡kl Lwjdv Avãyj gwR`‡K †`k †_‡K D‡”Q` K‡i †LjvdZ| Avi G
†Ljvd‡Zi Acg„Zz¨ N‡U Zzi‡¯‹i Kvgvj AvZvZzK© Gi gva¨‡g|
wnRiZ Av‡›`vjb
†LjvdZ Av‡›`vjb PjvKv‡jB gvIjvbv Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv` Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ fvi‡Z ïi“ nq wnRiZ Av‡›`vjb| gvIjvbv Aveyj
Kvjvg AvRv` ivuwP †Rj †_‡K gyw³ †c‡qB GAv‡›`vjb ïi“ K‡ib| Av‡jgMb d‡Zvqv †`b fviZ `vi“j nvie Ges GLvb
†_‡K wnRiZ K‡i †Kvb `vi“j Bmjv‡g †h‡Z n‡e| Gw`‡K AvdMvwb¯’v‡bi ev`kvn Avwgi Avgvbyjvn Lvb GK Rbmfvq
†Nvlbv †`b †h fvi‡Zi gymjgvbMb wnRiZ K‡i Aek¨B Avgvi †`‡k Avm‡Z cv‡i| Avi gvIjvbv AvRv‡ì cÖ¯Ív‡e mvov
w`‡q P¶z eÜ K‡i gymjgvbMb wnRi‡Zi Rb¨ e×cwiKi nq| 1920 mv‡ji AvMó gv‡mB 18 nvRvi †jvK wnRiZ K‡i P‡j
hvq Zv‡ì h_v me©¯^ wewµ K‡i| 5-20 j¶¨ gvbyl G Av‡›`vj‡bi d‡j ev¯‘nviv n‡qwQ‡jb Ges Zv‡ì fv‡M¨ Ry‡UwQj
eY©bvwZZ `y‡f©vM| KviY GwU wQj wbPK GKwU †SvuKcÖebZv Ges my-wPwšÍ cwiKíbv QvovB| Gi djvdj we‡kkb bv K‡iB
G Av‡›`vj‡b SuvcU †`qv n‡qwQj|
145
gvIjvbv gI`yw` I Zvi fvB wnRi‡Zi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z wQ‡jb| wKš‘ Zvi cÖ¯Ív‡e Av‡›`vjb Kvixiv AvdMvb ivóª`yZ Gi mv‡_
mv¶vZ K‡i Rvb‡Z Pvb AvdMvb miKvi wnRiZKvix‡ì cbe©vm‡bi Rb¨ ivRx wKbv G‡Z wZwb Rev‡e e‡jb Zvi miKvi G
†Nvlbv wb‡q LyeB weeªZ| Gfv‡e wnRiZ cÖkwœ Ui GLv‡bB mgvwß N‡U|
wØ-RvwZ ZË¡
†gvnv¤§` Avwj wRbœvn †NvwlZ wØ-RvwZ ZË¡ wQj cvwK¯Ívb R‡b¥i wfwËg~j| GKRvwZ GK ivóª G gZev‡ì Ici wfwË K‡i
gymwjg jxM KZ„K fviZxq gymjgvb‡ì c„_K RvZx wn‡m‡e c„_K iv‡ôªi `vwei cwi‡cÖw¶‡ZB †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn wØ-
RvwZZË¡ †Nvlbv K‡ib| 1940 mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi‡Z GKwU cwÎKvq wZwb †j‡Lb Ôfvi‡Z `ywU RvwZ i‡q‡Q Ges gvZ…f~wgi kvmb
eë¯’vq Dfq RvwZi Aek¨B AskMÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| †k‡i evsjvi jv‡nvi cÖ¯Ív‡ei g~j wfwË wQj GB wØ-RvwZË¡| gynv¤§`
Avjx wRbœvn e‡jbfviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡k ivR‰bwZK wel‡qi myôz mgvavb Ki‡Z n‡j wØ-RvwZZ‡Ë¡i wfwË‡Z Ki‡Z n‡e|
wn›`y‡ì Rb¨ Avevmf~wg _vK‡j gymjgvb‡ì RbÏ Avjv`v Avevmf~wg _vK‡Z n‡e| G wØ-RvwZZ‡Ë¡i wfwË‡Z gymwjgiv
cvwK¯Ív‡bi `vwe‡Z gyLi n‡q D‡V Ges Af‡k‡l 1947 mv‡j ¯^vaxb cvwK¯‹vb iv‡óªi Rb¥ nq|
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m~PxcÎ

†gŠwjK eB mg~‡ni †bvU 19. Avgv‡`i wfkb t Avgv‡`i cÖZ¨q -46

(L) Bmjvgx wec­‡ei `vIqvZ -

2. Kg© c×wZ (Strategy)

wØZxq `dvi KiYxq KvRÑ 10wU

3. PwiÎ MV‡bi †gŠwjK Dcv`vb

4. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb t mvd‡j¨i kZ©vejx

5. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi ˆbwZK wfwË

7. Bmjvgx †i‡bmuv Av‡›`vjb

* Dcgnv‡`‡ki 5Rb gynvwÏm

* †Uªwbs †K›`ªmg~‡ni DcKvwiZv t

12. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb : Kgx©‡`i cvi¯úwiK m¤úK©

৪. m¤ú©‡K `„pZi Kivi cš’v

13. Bmjvgx msMVb

15. Bmjvgx †bZ…Z¡

gvbyl Zv‡`i †bZv‡K †hgbwU †`L‡Z Pvq t

16. Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸bvejx

 †KviAv‡b mxivZ Aa¨v‡qi cš’v|

5g Aa¨vq t- Av‡›`vj‡bi mv_x‡`i mv‡_ ivmyj (mvt) Gi AvPib|

 cuvP Rb weL¨vZ gyRvwÏ` :

3. K¨wiqvi -weKwkZ Rxe‡bi Øvi

5. Øxwb cwi‡ek msi¶‡b `vwqZ¡kxj fvB‡`i fywgKv

Avj­vni c‡_ Avnevb:Ñ

8. Kg©x MV‡b `vwqZ¡kxj‡`i KiYxq

2. g¨v‡bR‡g›U * cÖvavb¨Zvi Av‡jv‡K KvR wba©viY

12. DckvLv cwiPvjbvq GKRb Av`k© `vwqZ¡kx‡ji f~wgKv

13. QvÎRxeb, Kg©Rxeb I K¨vwiqvi

 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb ‡Kb cÖ‡qvRbt

15. Av`k© Kg©xi fvimvg¨c~Y© Rxeb

17. K¨vwiqvi MVb I Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb

18. kc‡_i Av‡jv‡K Avgv‡`i Rxeb

19. Avgv‡`i wfkb t Avgv‡`i cÖZ¨q

Z…ZxqZt cwinvi Ki‡Z n‡e-

GKRb Av`k© msMV‡Ki ¸Yvejx ev ˆewkó¨t

5. wbqwgZ Ab¨vb¨ mvsMVwbK `vwqZ¡ cvjbt

9. Avq-DcvR©‡b nvjvj c_ Aej¤^bt

22. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡`i e¨envwiK Rxeb

nv`xm : Afve AbU‡b AvZœZ¨vM t

1. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mdjZvi Rb¨ Z¨vM I Kzievbx Acwinvh© t

24. ‡h AZxZ †cÖiYv †RvMvq

 gymwjg gwblx‡`i g‡a¨ †_‡K t

26. ‡bZ…Z¡ ˆZwi I msMVb cwiPvjbv

‡bZ…Z¡ ev †jvK ˆZixi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb t

27. cwiKíbv MÖnb I ev¯—evqb

#cwiKíbv MÖn‡bi mgq †hme wel‡q j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e

28. cwiKíbv cÖbqb, msMVb cwiPvjbv I gReywZ AR©b Ges g¨v‡bR‡g›U

 mgvR  gymwjg  `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨

31. msMVb cwiPvjbvq Mb‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi ¸i“Z¡

32. msMVb m¤cÖmviY I MYwfwË iPbv

33. mvs¯‹…wZK ØvwqZ¡kxj‡`i gvbDbœqb

34. mvs¯‹…wZK msMVb cÖwZôv I cwiPvjbv

35. ¯‹z‡j `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri ¸i“Z¡

37. msMV‡bi BwZnvm HwZn¨

38. D”PZi wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b `vIqvZx ZrciZv

1. QvÎ QvÎx 2. wk¶K wkw¶Kv 3. Kg©KZ©v - Kg©Pvix

 wk¶v cÖwZôv‡bi mgm¨v wb‡q Kg©m~Px _vK‡Z n‡e

# cÖwZôvb wfwËK ZrciZvq †h me wel‡q we‡klfv‡e bRi w`‡Z n‡e t

39. BDwbU `vwqZ¡kxj‡`i `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨

7. e¨vcK wfwËK `vIqvZ m¤cÖmvi‡Yi Kvh©Ki D‡`¨vM|

40. IqvW© msMVb cwiPvjbv t mgm¨v I KiYxq

19. e¨vcK wfwËK `vIqvZ m¤cÖmvi‡Yi Kvh©Ki D‡`¨vM|

BDwb‡Ui MVb c×wZ t `vIqvZx BDwbU -

27. my›`i Awdm e¨e¯’vcbv|

(L) Bmjvgx wec‡ei `vIqvZ -

Avjvni c‡_ Avnevb:Ñ

Òwbðq †Rb Avjvn AwZ `ª“Z wnmve MÖnb Kvix|Ó

gnv we‡`ªvn/Avhv`x Av‡›`vjb/wmcvnx wece