Writing-2021

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Lti n6i d$u
Bộ sách IELTS năm ngoáicủamình đã giúprấtnhiềubạn đạt được số điểmmục tiêumà

không cần phảitốn tiền chobất cứ khóahọcnào. Tiếpnối sự thành công đó, trong cuốn
sách này, mìnhsẽ giúpcácbạntiếpcậnvà hoànthành từngdạng bàitrong Ielts Writing.
Bộ sáchcủamìnhnóichung và cuốnsách nàynóiriêng đềunhằmmục đích nâng cao khả

năng tiếng anh của bạn một cách toàn diện đồng thời định hướng các bạn hQc
IELTS theo các tiêu chí ch$m diεm, tr duy ra d? cia giám kh 五 o thay vì hQc tràn
lan tránh việclãng phí thời gian, tiềnbạc.
Cuốn sách cũng được trích một số bàimẫuvà một số câu hay đượcpublic công khaicủa
cáccựugiám khảo, đặcbiệtlà thầy Mike Wattie, nhờ đó, cácbạnsẽ tiếp cận được nguồn
t à iliệ uchấ tlư ợ ng.
Mìnhrấtmong nhận được sự phảnhồivề ưunhược điểmcủa cuốn sách từ các chính bạn
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Thái Hoàng!
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Group: C?ng Dδng Ielts Viet Nam
Written by Thái
Logic & Hiệu Quả
TỔNG QUAN VỀ IELTS WRITING

GIỚI THIỆU
Bàithi Writing được chia làm 2 phần, saukhikết thúc phầnthi Listening & Reading, thí
sinh sẽ bướcvào làmbàithi Writing trongvòng 60 phút gồm 2 phần, Ielts writing task 1
và task 2, trong đó phần thi task 1 chiếm 1/3 số điểm và task 2 chiếm 2/3 số điểm.
Thí sinhcó thể lựachọnhình thức thitruyềnthống trêngiấy hoặc thitrênmáy tính.
Task 1: thông thường bạn nên dành khoảng 20 phút cho phần Task 1 vì đây là
phần chiếmtỷ lệ điểm íthơn. Trong phầnnày, bạn phải phântích, báocáovà sosánhsố
liệucó thể là biểu đồ dây, cột, tròn, bảng, bản đồ, quy trình hoặc mixed charts. Độ dài 1
bài thi task 1 ít nhất 150 từ .
Task 2: thông thường bạnnêndànhkhoảng 40 phútchophầnthi Task 2. Bạnsẽ được cho

mộtchủ đề có thể về cácvấn đề như giáodục, xã hội, việclàm, môitrường, tội phạm, du
lịch, quảngcáo. Bạncần viết 1 bài luậntốithiểu 250 chữ để phântích và phát triểncâu trả
lờimộtcách mạchlạc, liênkếtbằngcách sử dụngcácví dụ, dẫnchứng.
Cũng như phần Speaking, nhiều bạn thường cố gắng nhồi nhét quá nhiều từ vựng
khó, nhưng lại không viết theo tiêu chí chấm điểm. Từ vựng là 1 trong 4 yếu tố chấm
điểm, bạnnên nhớ nếubạnsử dụngtừ vựng khó nhưngsaingữ cảnh, hoặcsaicách dùng
thì bạn vẫnbị trừ điểm.
Contact/ Zalo : 0983.66.52.62

Written by Thái
Logic & Hiệu
IELTS WRITING TASK 1
TIÊU CHÍ CHẤM ĐIỂM – TASK 1
Criteria Detail Comments Estimated

grade
Over 150 words Viết ít nhất 150 từ

Viếtoverview rõ ràng, nêu
Task Clear overall summary
bật được các ý chính.
Achievement
Số liệu đượcbáocáochính
Data is reported accurately
xác
Nênbắt đầucác body
Body graphs start with a
graphs bằng mộtcâumở
phrase that indicates the data
in the paragraph đoạn – giốngcâu topic
sentence
Coherence Logical separation of data Phân chia dữ liệuphù hợp

into paragraphs trong các đoạn khácnhau.
and Cohesion
Logical paragraph Phát triểncác đoạnmộtcách
development logic
Cáctừ, cụmtừ nối đượcsử

Linking phrases are used well
dụng phù hợp
Appropriate word choices/ Sử dụngtừ vựng, dạngtừ

endings/ forms chính xác.
Vocabulary Spelling is correct Viết đúng chính tả

Repetition is avoided Sử dụngtừ đồng nghĩa,
( paraphrase) tránh lặp từ
Sentence structures are Cáccấu trúccâu đadạngvà

Grammar diverse and correct chính xác.
Articles ( a, an, the) Chú ý cácmạotừ
Overall
Contact/ Zalo : 0983665262 | Page 2

Written by Thái
Logic & Hiệu
UNIT 1: PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI LINE GRAPH

1. Phântích ví dụ.
The graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in
European country between 1979 and
The line graph provides information about the average consumption of beef, lamb,
chicken, and fish, by each person in a nation of Europe, from 1979 to 2004. Overall,
with the exception for chicken, which increased, the consumption of all kinds of
food decreased over the whole period. In addition, fish was consumed less than meat in
every year.
Beef and fish were the highest and lowest categories at the beginning of the
period with about 220 and 60 grams eaten by each individual each week,
respectively. Subsequently, the average amount of beef peaked at nearly 250 grams in
the 1980s, but then significantly dropped to approximately 100 grams in 2004.
Meanwhile, a slight decline to roughly 50 grams, was recorded in the figure for fish.
Lamb and chicken started with similar amounts of roughly 150 grams in the
first year, but showed reverse trends afterwards. There was a gradual decline
in the consumption of lamb to around 60 grams per person per week. The figure for
chicken, in contrast, went up dramatically and overtook beef in 1989, at around 200
grams, before reaching roughly 260 grams per person in 2004, which was the highest
point over the entire period surveyed.

Written by Thái
Logic & Hiệu
2. C$u trúcciam?tbài Line graph.
M?tbii line graph thudng chia thành 4 ph$n (Introduction, Overview, Body 1 và Body 2)
Introduction:
Viet dσn gi 乱 n b$ng cách paraphrase các t 让 và c$u trúc câu cia de bài nh$m
gihp ngudi dQchieu du$ctδng quan mìnhchu$n bj viet gì δ bên du6i.
Overview:
Tóm t$t tδng quan bieu dδ th 关 t rõ ràng b$ng cách chQn cic d 关 c diem chung
nh$t, thông thudng senêu ra d 关 ynio t 气 ng, d 关 ynio gi 乱 m, yeutδ nàocaonh$t,
th$p nh$t.
Body 1:
ChQn lua và phânchia thôngtin phù h$pvà làmnδib 关 t nh 计 ng sδ
lieutiêubieudδngthdi sosánhchúngv6inhau δ cácmδc thdigiannδib 关 ttrong bieudδ
.
Body 2:
ChQn lua và phânchia thôngtin phù h$pvà làmnδib 关 t nh 计 ng sδ
lieutiêubieudδngthdi sosánhchúngv6inhau δ cácmδc thdigiannδib 关 ttrong bieudδ
.
3. Phrσ ngphip luy? nt$ p

Brbc 1:
DQcm?tbàim$u (dQc bàim$u cuδisách) và xemlaic$utrhc chung du$cnêu δ du6i
Brbc 2:
DQc cácbàim$ukhác (cùng dang line graph, hieu du$cc$u trúcciam?tbài viet,
lênm?t khung chung cho cácbài viet (nhumìnhlimví dubên du6i), ghichú lai cáct 让,
cum t 让 có the paraphrase chonhautrong bàim$u,hieucách pháttrien m?tbàiwriting
task 1.
Brbc 3:
Viet lai chínhnh 计 ng bàim$u d 关 dQc, và cácbàikhác, dùng nh 计 ng kien th 女 c d
关 tδngh$p (khung bài viet, t 让 vung, cum t 让)
Brbc 4:
Épthdi gian xuδng còn kho 乱 ng 15-20 phút cho m?tbài, nhd th$y, cô ch$m, s 让
abài cho ban.

Written by Thái
Logic & Hiệu
4. Khung 1 bàiline graph
Introduction:
The line graph compares/illustrates/shows/gives information about/ reveals statistics

about/ details changes in/ provides information about + paraphrase đề bài + over
a period of --- years/ over a---- year period/from --- to---, between --- and ---.
Ex: The line graph provides information about the average consumption of beef,
lamb, chicken, and fish, by each person in a nation of Europe,from 1979 to 2004.
Overview:
Overall/ Looking from an overall perspective/It is clear/obvious that/ It clearly shows that
+ Xu hướng chung 1+Xu hướng chung 2.
Ex: Overall, with the exception for chicken, which increased, the consumption of
all kinds of food decreased over the whole period. In addition, fish was consumed less
than meat in every year.
Body 1:
Chọn, phântích và so sánh 2 dây, phântích từngdây một, chú ý các điểm đỉnh, đáy, đầu,
cuối.
Beef and fish were the highest and lowest categories at the beginning of the period with
about 220 and 60 grams eaten by each individual each week, respectively. Subsequently,
the average amount of beef peaked at nearly 250 grams in the 1980s, but then
significantly dropped to approximately 100 grams in 2004. Meanwhile, aslight decline to
roughly 50 grams, was recorded in the figure for fish.
Body 2:
So sánhcácdây cònlại, phântích từngdây một, chú ý các điểm đỉnh, đáy, đầu, cuối.
Lamb and chicken started with similar amounts of roughly 150 grams in the first year,
but showed reverse trends afterwards. There was a gradual decline in the consumption of
lamb to around 60 grams per person per week. The figure for chicken, in contrast,
went up dramatically and overtook beef in 1989, at around 200 grams, before
reaching roughly 260 grams per person in 2004, which was the highest point over
the entire period surveyed.

Written by Thái
Logic & Hiệu
5. Từ vựng, cấu trúccâu cho Ielts writing task 1 – line graph
Cáctừ, cụmtừ paraphrase chonhau.
Có rấtnhiều cáctừ, cụmtừ có thể paraphrase lẫnnhautrong writing task 1 nóichung và

line graph nóiriêng, cácbạn không nên họctất cả các cụm từ đó mà chỉ nên học một
số ít nhưng vận dụng thành thạo chúng. Mình sẽ chia sẻ một số cụm từ thường
dùng để paraphrase trong phầnthi Ielts writing task 1 ở bêndưới.
Paraphrase
The graph The line graph/the bar chart/ the pie chart/ the table/ the
map/ the diagram.
Show reveal statistics about/ detail changes in/ give information

about/ illustrate/ indicate.
Trends in Changes in
Information about Data for/ figures for/ statistics about
Percentage Proportion/rate
Between 1979 and 2004/ over a period of 25 years/ over

From 1979 to 2004 a 25-year period
Over/ throughout the From 1979 to 2004/ between 1979 and 2004/ over
period shown the whole/entire period.
People in the US Americans/ people who come from the US
In the UK, US, Japan,

In four different countries
and China.
food, healthcare, three different categories/ factors

education
11-20, 21-30, 31-40 three different age categories
age groups
Chú ý: đây là một số cụm thường dùng, trong quá trình cácbạn ôn tập, cácbạnnên
lậpmộtbảngtươngtự choriêng bạn, gặp cụmnào thì ghichú thêmvàobảng để nhớ
lâuhơnvà áp dụng linh hoạt những cụmcácbạn ghichú.

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Paraphrase cácchidiεm chính trong Ielts Writing task 1.
1. Chiti?nchocii gì d6:
The spending on = the expenditure on = the payment for = the expenses for
The amount/proportion of money which was spent on food/ paid for/ used
for/allocated to food
Examples:
. The graph shows the spending on housing, food and healthcare in France from
1998 to 2005.
. The percentage of money paid for beef by Americans, was only 5%.
. Cars accounted for the highest proportion of money spent by Americans in 2010.
2. Tiêu thy cii gì d6
The consumption of beef in the US = The US beef consumption

The amount/proportion of beef consumed/eaten by Americans
The amount/proportion of beef which was consumed/eaten by Americans
Examples:
. The graph shows the consumption of beef and pork by people in the US between
1960 and 2000.
. The line graph illustrates the amount of beef and pork consumed by Americans over
a period of 40 years.
. In 2005, the amount of oil consumed by people in the UK was the highest, at
35 million tons.
. Over the next 10 years, US fish consumption rose remarkably to 10 million tons.
3. Khí Th 五 i CO2/Waste
The generation/production of CO2 - CO2 generation/production - CO2 emissions

The amount/percentage of CO2 which was generated/ produced/ released/ emitted
from/by ---
The amount/percentage of CO2 generated/ produced/ released/ emitted from/by -

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Examples:
. The average amount of CO2 generated in the UK, increased moderately from 2003
to 2004.
. A slight increase was recorded in the figure for CO2 emissions in the UK
between 2000 and 2001.
4. Th$tnghi?p : Unemployment
The proportion/percentage/rate of unemployment = The unemployment rate

The level of unemployment
The level of joblessness
The proportion/percentage/rate/number of people who were unemployed
The proportion/percentage/rate/number of unemployed people
The proportion of people without work
Examples:
. The percentage of unemployment in Germany rose significantly to 8% in 2007.

. Unemployment rates for both groups were higher in Hanoi than in Ho chi minh city.
5. Nhóm Tuδi
The percentage/proportion/number of people aged 60-70

The percentage/proportion/number of the 60-70 age group
The percentage/proportion/number of people who were 60-70
The percentage/proportion/number of 60-70-year-olds
The percentage/proportion/number of 60-70-year-old people
The figure for those in their sixties
Examples:
. The percentage of people aged 60- 70 increased significantly from 30% to 40%.
. A gradual decline from 35% to 15% was recorded in the figure for the 20-30
age group.
6. Các chid? khác
Trong khi luyen t 关 p b?n hãy thuc hành và ghi l?i cách paraphrase các chi de khic
nhu mình d 关 lim δ trên nhé.

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Cáctừ, cụmtừ chỉ sự tăng giảm
Năm Tỷ lệ
2010
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Thời gian Tăng/giảm Mức độ tăng/giảm Danh từ
decrease/ decreased
2000-2001
decline/ declined Sharply (mạnh)
2003-2004
fall/ fell Remarkably (đáng kể)
2005-2007
go down/ went down
2009-2010 Significantly (rõ rệt) a sharp decrease
reduce/ reduced aremarkable decline
Dramatically (nhanh)
dropped/collapsed a decrease
2000-2001 Rapidly (nhanh)
(giảmcựcmạnh) a decline
increase/ increased Steeply (mạnh) a fall
rise/ rose a reduction
Moderately (vừa phải) a drop
2001-2003 go up/ went up
Slightly (nhẹ) a significant increase
2004-2005 grow/ grew
climb/ climbed Marginally (nhẹ) arapid rise
a steep growth
peaked at ( đạt đỉnh) Modestly (nhẹ)
an increase
soared (tăngvọt)
Gradually (từ từ, đều) arise
2004-2005 Steadily (từ từ, đều) a peak
doubled (gấp đôi)
Slowly (chậm)
2007-2009 remained stable/unchanged/ stayed at the same level no change

2001-2005 fluctuated between --- and --- fluctuation

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CẤU TRÚC CÂU THƯỜNG DÙNG VỚI CÁC BÀI CÓ XU HƯỚNG.
1. Time, S + V + Adv
From 2000 to 2010, the number of internet users increased dramatically.
The number of Americans driving to work, decreased sharply from 2000 to 2006.
2. There + tobe + a/an + N
There was a steep increase in the proportion of people who visited London in 2010.
3. S + saw/ witnessed / underwent
Then number of tourists to London underwent a rapid decline from 2000 to 2010.
4. A/an + N was recorded/seen
A remarkale rise of 10 % in the proportion of American workers was recorded in

the the period from 2006 to 2010.
5. Before/after + Ving, S + V + Adv
Before increasing sharply to 50% in 2010, the proportion of cars in the UK

decreased gradually to 20% in 2005.
6. S + V + Adv, Then V + more Adv (the same direction)
The number of people going to the cinema in 2010 rose slightly, then more sharply
in the next 5 years.
7. S + V + Adv, but then V + more Adv (the opposite directions)
The percentage of old citizens aged over 70 went up modestly in 2010, but
then declined quickly over the next 5 years.
8. There was a/an + Adj + N, which was followed by a/an adj + N
In 2005, there was a slight decrease to 3000 cyclists in the number of people who
used bicycles in Amsterdam, which was followed by a sharp increase of 5,000 users in
2010.

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Logic & Hiệu
CÁCH SỬ DỤNG TỪ NỐI ĐỂ LIÊN KẾT CÂU
While the number of cars in Germany increased significantly, the figure for
England decreased slightly.
Whilst beef accounted for the highest consumption, a small percentage was recorded for
lamb.
Whereas the family spent the most money on food, the lowest amount of money was
paid for healthcare.
In 2000, the proportion of people driving to work in Germany was the highest, at
50%, compared to/ compared with/ followed by 40% in England. In contrast/
However, the figure for Japan was the lowest with only 10%.
From 1990 to 2000, the number of foreigners who visited Vietnam fell by 20%, but
a remarkable increase of 30% was seen in the figure for Australia.

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THỰC HÀNH – SỬ DỤNG CÁC MẪU CÂU VỪA HỌC
The line graph below shows the percentage of tourists to Scotland who visited four
different attractions.
2 1
4
2
2 3
1 3
4 4
3 1
Tỷ lệ du khách tới festival giimm!nh t 让 30% xuδngcòn 17% từ năm 1980 tới 2010. (1)
Có m?tsΨ ting m!nh trong tỷ lệ khách du lịch tớisở thú giữanăm 1980 và năm 2010.(2)
Từ năm 1995 tớinăm 2010, tỷ lệ du khách tới lâu đài trii qua m?tsΨ s！t giim ding k
色 từ 45% xuốngcòn 33%. (3)
M?tsΨ ting d 色 u thêm 8%, t 让 12% tbi 20% d“Fc ghinh@ntrongtỷ lệ người
đitớisở thú từ năm 1995 tới 2010. (4)
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Logic & Hiệu
Bâygiờ cácbạnhãynốicáccâu đơnlạidùngtừ nối để tạ o thànhcáccâuphứcnhé.
Tỷ lệ du khách tớifestival giảm mạnh từ 30% xuống còn 17% từ năm 1980 tới năm
2010, trong khi có mộtsự tăng mạnh trong tỷ lệ khách du lịch tớisở thú giữa năm 1980
và năm 2010. (1,2)
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Từ năm 1995 tớinăm 2010, tỷ lệ du khách tới lâu đài trải qua mộtsự giảm đáng kể từ
45% xuống còn 33%, tuy nhiên, mộtsự tăng đều thêm 8%, từ 12% tới 20% đượcghi
nhận trongtỷ lệ người đi tớisở thú trongcùng chukỳ. (3,4)
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Tỷ lệ du khách thămfestival giảm mạnh từ 30% tới 17% trongcả chu kỳ. Tráingược lại
sở thú chứng kiến một sự tăng trưởnggấp đôi trong tỷ lệ du khách, tăng từ 10% tới
20%. (1,3)
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Năm 1980, 23% du khách tới thăm caste, sau đó nó cho thấy mộtsự tăng mạnh tới đỉnh
là 45% năm 1995 trướckhi rơitừ từ xuống 33% năm 2010. (3,5)
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Tỷ lệ du khách tớisở thú dao độnggiữamức 10% và 15% từ năm 1980 tớinăm 2005, sau
đó tăng đềulêntới 20% năm 2010. (7)
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Từ năm 1995 tớinăm 2000, tỷ lệ du khách tới lâu đài giảmmạnh từ 45% tới 35%, sau
đó giảm nhẹ hơncòn 33% vào cuốichukỳ. (1,6)
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Tỷ lệ du khách tới lâu đài giảm mạnh từ 45% tới 35% giữa năm 1995 và 2000. Sau
đó, nó tiếptụcgiảm nhưng nhẹ hơn xuốngcòn 33% ở cuốichu trình. (1,6)
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Tỷ lệ du khách tớithuỷ cung tăng mạnh từ 20% tới đỉnhlà 35% ở 5 năm đầutiên, nhưng
sau đó giảmmạnh xuống chỉ còn khoảngdưới 10% ở năm cuốichu trình. (1,7)
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Có mộtsự tăng mạnh trong tỷ lệ du khách tới thuỷ cung từ 20% tới đỉnh là 35% ở 5 năm
đầutiên, theo saulà mộtsự giảmmạnhcòn khoảngdưới 10% ở năm cuốichukỳ. (2,8)

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Á pdụ ngcá cc$ u trú cvà omộ tbà icụ thể .
The line graph below shows the percentage of tourists to Scotland who visited four
different attractions.
2
4
2
1 3
3 1
Samples:
In 1980, the festival was the most popular destination which attracted 30% of
foreign tourists in Scotland, while the lowest figure was for the zoo with only 10%.
From 1995 to 2010, the proportion of visitors who went to the aquarium declined rapidly
to 9%. By contrast, a sharp increase of nearly 10% was recorded in the percentage
of people to the Zoo during the same period.
Before decreasing sharply to make the aquarium become the least attractive destination
in 2010, the figure for those visiting this destination peaked at 35% in 1985.
The proportion of international tourists going to the aquarium went up significantly

and peaked at 35% in 1985, but then went down rapidly to just under 10%, making it
become the least widely-chosen place at the end of the period.
The percentage of people who visited the castle increased significantly to reach/hit
a peak of 45% in 1995, which was followed by a gradual decrease of about 12% over
the next 15 years.

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Marvelous Table 1
First point Other points
This figure increased significantly to

In 1980, the proportion of tourists going
peak at 45% in 1995 before decreasing
to the castle was 22%.
to only 33% in 2010.
In 1980, there was 22% of tourists going Before falling to only 33% in 2010, this
to the castle. figure reached a peak of 45% in 1995.
In 1980, 22% of tourists chose to visit However, it rose quickly to a peak of

the castle on their vacations. 45% in 1995, but then declined
remarkably by 12% in the final year of the
period.
In 1980, the castle was chosen by 22% Over the next 15 years, there was a
of tourists. significant growth to the highest point of
45%, which was followed by a drop of
12% at the end of the period.
The caste attracted 22% of tourists in The next 15 years saw a considerable rise to
the first year. a peak of 45%, followed by a decline
of 12% in the final year.
In 1980, the castle was the second A considerable increase of 23% was
most popular destination with 22% of recorded in the next 15 years, followed
visitors. by a decline to 33% in 2010.
The castle ranked second/ came in And this showed a rapid increase to a
second in the first year with 22% of peak of 45% in 1995, which was followed
travellers. by a decline to 33% at the end of the
period.
Starting with 22% in the first year, The percentage of tourists to the castle
peaked at 45% over the next 15 years
but declined to 33% in 2010.
Vietcâuciab?n Vietcâuciab?n

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The line graph below shows the percentage of tourists to Scotland who visited
four different attractions. (Viếtmộtbài hoànchỉnh dựavào “Marvelous Table”)
2
4
2
1 3
3 1
The line graph reveals statistics about the proportion of international tourists who visited
an aquarium, castle, zoo, and festival, from 1980 to 2010. Overall, the percentage
of travellers to the castle and zoo increased, while the figures for other
destinations decreased over the whole period. In addition, the castle was by far the
most popular attraction for visitors in most years.
The festival and zoo had the highest and lowest proportions at the beginning of
the period, but showed reverse trends afterwards. In 1980, exactly 30% of visitors
went to the festival, and this showed a gradual decline to around 17% in 2010.
Conversely, The lowest figure in the first year was for the zoo with only 10%; however,
a considerable rise to 20% was recorded after some fluctuations, making this
become the second most attractive area in the final year.
The castle and aquarium came in second and third in 1980 with approximately
22% and 20%, respectively. Over the next 15 years, there was a significant growth
in the percentage for the castle to a peak of 45%, followed by a fall to roughly 35%
in 2010. Likewise, the percentage of people visiting the aquarium peaked at 35% in
1985, but then declined sharply to just under 10%, which was the lowest proportion in
the entire period surveyed.

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UNIT 2: THỰC HÀNH DẠNG BÀI LINE, BAR, PIE, TABLE CÓ XU HƯỚNG
1. Introduction
The graph shows the percentage of CO2 emissions per person in the
UK, Sweden, Italy and Portugal between 1967 and 2007.
• The line graph gives information about the proportion of CO2 emitted by each
person in four different countries from 1967 to 2007.
• The line chart compares four different nations in terms of the average proportion of
CO2 that each individual in those countries released each year over a period of 40
years.
The graph shows the proportion of visitors to London, New York, and
Paris cities between 2000 and 2005.
• The line graph illustrates the percentage of people who went to three different
cities, namely London, New York, and Paris from 2000 to 2005.
• The line chart compares three different cities in terms of the percentage of visitors
who went to these areas over a period of 5 years.
The graph shows the spending on housing, food and healthcare in France
from 1998 to 2005. Units were measured in dollars.
• The line graph compares the amount of money spent on three different categories
by people in France over a 7-year period. Units were measured in dollars.
• The line chart illustrates the expenditure on housing, food and healthcare by citizens
in France over a period of 7 years, starting from 1998.
The graph shows the consumption of beef and pork by people in the UK
between 1960 and 2000. Units were measured in pounds.
• The line graph compares the amount of beef and pork consumed by British people
over a period of 40 years, starting from 1960.
• The line chart gives information about beef and pork consumption in the UK
from 1960 to 2000. Units were measured in pounds.

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The graph shows the number of people who commuted to work by train, bus
and car from 1990 to 2010.
. The line graph illustrates the number of workers who travelled to work by three
different forms of transport over a period of 20 years.
. The line chart compares the number of people who went to work by train, bus and
car between 1990 and 2010.
The graph shows oil production in the US, UK and Iran between 1990 and
2006. Units are measured in million tons.
. The line graph compares the amount of oil produced in the US, UK and Iran
from 1990 to 2006.
. The line chart gives information about how much oil was generated in three different
countries over a period of 16 years, starting from 1990.

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2. Overview:
Brbc 1: Nhìn điểm đầu và điểm cuối của biểu đồ, xác định dây nào tăng lên dây
nào giảm xuống.
Brbc 2: Viết 1 câu thể hiệnsự tănggiảmcủacácdây.
Brbc 3: Nhìnvào dây cao nhấtvà dây thấp nhất, hoặc các điểm nhấn củabiểu đồ để tìm
ra điểmnổibật thứ 2.
Brbc 4: Viết 1 câu thể hiện điểm đặcbiệt ở bước 3, chú ý dùngtừ nối.
Phântích:
Diεmd$u vidiεm cuδi:
Dây 1 và 2 giảm
Dây 3 và 4 tăng
Overall, it clearly shows that the

amount of CO2 caused by each
individual in the UK and Sweden
decreased, while the figures for Italy
and Portugal increased
over the whole period.
Dây 1 cao nh$t/dây 4 th$p nh$t:
Furthermore, the UK generated the
highest level of CO2 emissions in
all years.
Phântích: The graph shows waste production, measured in

Diεmd$u vidiεm cuδi: millions of tonnes from three different sources
2 dâygiảm, 1 dây tăng between 1990 and 2005.
Dây tổnggiảm
Overall, the amount of waste generated

from transport increased, while the
figures for other sources decreased,
leading to a decline in the overall output.
Dây 3 luônth$phσn
In addition, households produced waste
the least during the entire period.

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3. Body 1
Bước 1: Chia số dây thành 2 phần, phân tích điểm đầu, điểm cuối, điểm đỉnh, điểm
đáy củatừng dây.
Bước 2: Phân tích dây đầucủa phần 1 và thể hiệnsự sosánh, tănggiảm.
Bước 3: Phântíchcácdây cònlạicủa phần 1
Chú ý:
• Tùy vào trườnghợp điểm đầu/cuối có thể nói là cao nhất, phổ biến nhất, chiểmtỷ lệ
nhiềunhất.
• Tùy vào trườnghợp điểm đầu/cuối có thể nói là điểm thấp nhất, kémphổ biến nhất,
chiếmtỷ lệ thấp nhất
Example:
The line graph below shows average carbon dioxide ( C02) emissions per person
in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy and Portugal between 1967 and 2007.
Body 1: Phântích:
Dây 1 – giảm đềutừ đầutớicuối, năm 1967 cao nhất

Dây 2 – tăng lên đỉnhrồi giảmmạnh ở cuốichukỳ
The UK and Sweden experienced a downward trend. In 1967, the yearly amount
of CO2 caused by each person in the UK was the highest at approximately 11 tonnes,
but then it went down gradually to only around 9 tonnes over the next 40 years. The
figure for Sweden, however, rose moderately to reach a peak of over 10 tonnes in
1977 from roughly 9 tonnes in 1967, which was followed by a remarkable decrease
of nearly 5 tonnes at the end of the period.

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4. Body 2
Bước 1: Phân tích điểm đầu, điểm cuối, điểm đỉnh, điểm đáy củatừngdây ở phần 2.
Bước 2: Phân tích dây đầu ở phần 2 và thể hiệnsự sosánh, tănggiảm.
Bước 3: Phântíchcácdây cònlạicủa phần 2.
Chú ý:
• Tùy vào trườnghợp điểm đầu/cuối có thể nói là cao nhất, phổ biến nhất, chiểmtỷ lệ
nhiềunhất.
• Tùy vào trườnghợp điểm đầu/cuối có thể nói là điểm thấp nhất, kémphổ biến nhất,
Example:
The line graph below shows average carbon dioxide ( C02) emissions per person
in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy and Portugal between 1967 and 2007.
Phântích:
Dây 3 – tăng đềutrongcả quá trình

Dây 4 – điểm đầu thấp nhất, tăng mạnh bằngvớidây 2
Italy and Portugal had an upward trend. The average amount of CO2 emitted by
Italy came in third with over 4 tonnes at the beginning, and this showed a sharp
increase to almost 8 tonnes at the end. Likewise, the lowest amount was for Portugal
in the first year with only about 1 tonne, but this figure increased rapidly to the
same as that for Sweden in 2007.

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5. Body 1 - Cách 2
Brbc 1: Nhìn điểm đầuvà chia các điểm đầu thành 3 nhóm, 1 nhómcaonhất, nhómgiữa
và nhóm thấp nhất.
Brbc 2: Viếtcâu đầu thε hi?ndiεmcaonh$t, sosánh vớinhóm 2 hoặcnhómcònlạisao
chophù hợp.
Brbc 3: Viết nhómcònlại, nếulà nhóm cuốithì thε hi?ndiεm th$p nh$t.
Chú ý:
. Tùy vào trườnghợp điểm đầu/cuối có thể nói là cao nhất, phổ biến nhất, chiểmtỷ lệ
nhiềunhất.
. Tùy vào trườnghợp điểm đầu/cuối có thể nói là điểm thấp nhất, kémphổ biến nhất,
The graph below shows the number of overseas visitors to three different areas in
a European country between 1987 and 2007.
Body 1:Phântích:
Nhóm 1 – 40.000, nhóm 2 – 20.000, nhóm 3 – 10000
Nhóm 1 cao nhất, gấp đôinhóm 2, nhóm 3 thấp nhất
In 1987, the number of foreign tourists who visited the coast was the highest, at
40.000 people which was twice as high as that for the mountains. However, the figure
for the lakes was by far the lowest with only 10.000 people going to these areas during
the same year. – cách 1
In 1987, the coast recorded the highest number of foreign tourists, at 40.000
people which doubled the figure for the mountains. The lakes, however, were
less-widely chosen by overseas visitors with only 10.000 people.

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Body 2 – Cách 2
Bước 1: Tìm điểm đặcbiệtcủatừng dây (điểm caonhất (đỉnh), điểm thấp nhất (đáy), và
các điểm giaonhau)
Bước 2: Gộpcácdây có xu hướnggiống nhau, hoặcngượcnhau để viết.
Bước 3: Viếtlầnlượttừngdây, từ dây đơngiản đếndây phứctạp
Example:
The graph below shows the number of overseas visitors to three different areas in
a European country between 1987 and 2007.
Body 2: Phântích:
Dây 1: Đáynăm 1992, Dây 3: đỉnhnăm 2002

Dây 1 và dây 3 ngược xu hướng nhau nên đem ra so sánh vơi nhau, dây 2 đơn
giản nhất để cuối.
Over the next 20 years, the number of international tourists to the coast went down
slightly to its lowest point of approximately 35.000 people in 1992, and then rose
remarkably by roughly 40.000 in 2007. In contrast, the figure for the lakes went
up rapidly to a peak of over 75.000 in 2002, which was followed by a sharp
decline of 25.000 in the final year. Meanwhile, The number for the mountains
fluctuated and increased moderately to around 35.000 at the end of the period.
( xemcấu trúc 7 & 8 trang 11)

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BÀI MẪU DẠNG LINE GRAPH
The graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in
European country between 1979 and
The line graph provides information about the average consumption of beef, lamb,
chicken, and fish, by each person in a nation of Europe, from 1979 to 2004. Overall,
with the exception for chicken, which increased, the consumption of all kinds of
food decreased over the whole period. In addition, fish was consumed less than meat
in all years.
Beef and fish were the highest and lowest categories at the beginning of the
period with about 220 and 60 grams eaten by each individual each week,
respectively. Subsequently, the average amount of beef peaked at nearly 250 grams in
the 1980s, but then significantly dropped to approximately 100 grams in 2004.
Meanwhile, a slight decline to roughly 50 grams was recorded in the figure for fish.
Lamb and chicken started with similar amounts of roughly 150 grams in the
first year, but showed reverse trends afterwards. There was a gradual decline
in the consumption of lamb to around 60 grams per person per week. The figure for
chicken, in contrast, went up dramatically and overtook beef in 1989, at around 200
grams, before reaching roughly 260 grams per person in 2004, which was the highest
point over the entire period surveyed.

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The graph below shows the quantities of goods transported in the UK between
and
The line graph gives information about how goods were transported by four
different forms of transport, in the United Kingdom, from 1974 to 2002. Overall, the
transportation by all forms of delivery increased, except for railways, which fluctuated.
Furthermore, the road was the main type of transport in every year of the period.
With regard to road and pipeline transportation, in 1974, the former delivered
the highest amount of products at about 70 million tonnes and this showed a gradual
rise to nearly 100 million tonnes in 2002. However, the lowest amount in the first
year came from the latter, with only around 5 million tonnes and it went up quickly to
approximately 25 million from 1982 to 1990 before falling by roughly 5 million in 2002.
Water and railways started at similar levels at around 40 million tonnes from
1974 to 1978, but showed opposite trends afterwards. Over the next 24 years, while
water transportation became more popular with over 60 million after some
fluctuations, the figure for cargo delivered by rail declined to its lowest point of about 30
million, followed by a jump by 10 million in the final year.

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The graph shows waste generation in the UK, measured in millions of tonnes
from three different sources between 1990 and 2005.
The line graph reveals statistics about the amount of waste from three sources, in
the United Kingdom, from 1990 to 2005. Overall, waste generated from transport
increased, while the figures for other factors decreased, leading to a decline in the overall
output. In addition, households produced the least waste during the same period.
The industry was the highest category at the beginning of the period, at nearly 6
million tonnes and this showed a sharp decline to only 2 million tonnes in 2005.
Starting at almost the same point of 1 million tonnes in 1990, the figures for
transport and households showed opposite trends afterwards. Waste production
from transport surpassed the industry in 2002, at approximately 2.5 million, before
rising remarkably to nearly 3 million, making it become the largest waste source in
2005. In contrast, waste from families remained stable until 1999 and it declined to 0
tonnes in 2005.
The industry, transport and households generated a total of around 8 million tonnes
of waste in 1990, which remained relatively constant over the next three years. This
figure, however, saw a gradual fall to roughly 5 million tonnes at the end of the period.

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The graph below gives information about the consumption of energy in the
since 1980 with projection until
The line graph reveals statistics about the consumption of six types of energy, in
the United States, between 1980 and 2030. Overall, with the exception for hydropower,
the consumption of all types of energy saw an upward trend, and this is being
predicted to continue by 2030. In addition, petrol and oil were the most significant
sources of energy, and will continue this trend into the future.
Petroleum and oil are the biggest sources of energy. In 1980, 35 quadrillion units of
oil and petro were used and it fell slightly to its lowest point of about 31 quadrillion in
1985 before being expected to hit nearly 50 quadrillion in 2030.
Natural gas and coal generate the next highest amounts of energy. Natural gas
came in second with 25 quadrillion and coal ranked third with over 15 quadrillion in
the first year, then these figures went up to 25 quadrillion in 2015. In 2030,
whilst coal is predicted to overtake gas and reach about 33 quadrillion units, gas
consumption is expected to stay at the same level.
Nuclear, renewable energy and hydropower contribute the least energy, and
each started at the same amount of roughly 7 quadrillion. Over the next 50 years,
hydropower is predicted to remain relatively stable, but the respective figures for
nuclear, solar and wind energy will reach projected values of approximately 8 and 6
quadrillion units.

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DẠNG BAR CHART CÓ TREND - QUY VỀ LINE GRAPH
Phântích ví dụ. ( có thể vẽ thành line graph)
The chart shows the proportion of renewable energy in total energy consumption
4 countries from 1997 to 2010 – (4 lines, 3 năm)
The bar chart reveals statistics about how renewable power is utilized, by four nations, in
1997, 2000, and 2010. Overall, there was an upward trend in the percentage of
renewable energy used by Iceland and Sweden, whilst a downward trend was recorded in
the figures for Australia and Turkey. In addition, Iceland had the highest percentage of
all countries in all years.
Iceland and Sweden had an increasing trend. The proportion of renewable energy
in Iceland rose dramatically from about 48% in 1997 to the highest point of over 70%
in 2010. By contrast, the lowest was for Sweden, with just over 5% in the first year, and
this showed a steady growth to nearly 10% in the final year.
The other nations experienced a decreasing trend. Turkey came in second at the
beginning of the period with approximately 38%, and it subsequently peaked at over
40% in 2000, followed by a dramatic fall to roughly 32%. During the same period, a
gradual decline from nearly 10% to approximately 4% was seen in the usage by
Australia, which was the lowest point over the entire period surveyed.

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The graph below shows the proportion of people using different modes of
to travel to and from work in one European city in 1960, 1980 and
The bar chart details changes in the use of four different forms of transport to go to and
from work, in a city of Europe, from 1960 to 2000. Overall, the figures for all types
of transport decreased, except for automobiles, which increased dramatically and became
the most popular method by the end of the period.
Walking and driving cars to work had the highest and lowest proportions at
the beginning. In 1960, the percentage for people travelling between home and
workplaces on foot, was the highest, with 35% and it reduced dramatically over threefold
to only 10% in 2000. In contrast, the lowest in the first year was for the use of cars at
only around 7%, but this showed a significant growth to roughly 37% in 2000, making
cars become the most widely chosen form of transport in the final year.
Bicycles and buses came in second and third in the first year, at approximately
27% and 20%, respectively. Subsequently, riding bikes to and back from work
became less popular with only around 7% in 2000, while the figure for buses peaked at
nearly 27% in 1980, followed by a dramatic drop to approximately 17% in 2000.

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DẠNG PIE CHART CÓ TREND – QUY VỀ LINE GRAPH
Phântích ví dụ - ( có thể vẽ thành line graph)

The charts show the spending of a school in 1981, 1991 and 2001 ( 5 lines, 3 năm)
The pie charts give information about the proportion of money spent on five
different categories, by an educational institution, from 1981 to 2001. Overall, the
spending on other workers’ wages and resources declined, while the figures for
other categories increased over the whole period. In addition, the school spent the most
money on salaries for teachers, but the least amount of money was used for insurance.
Salaries of teachers and insurance accounted for the highest and lowest expenses in
the first year, at 40% and 2%, respectively. Subsequently, the payment for teachers
peaked at 50% in 1991, before decreasing to 45%, which was still the highest
level in 2001. However, a fourfold growth to 8% was recorded in the expenditure on
insurance by 2001.
Furniture and equipment, and resources such as books, started at the same value of
15% in 1981, but showed inverse trends afterwards. The former category went down
to the lowest point of 5% in 1991 before rising considerably to 23% by the end of the
period. By contrast, the latter factor peaked at 20% in 1991, but then dropped to only
9% to finish the period.
With regard to the final factor, there was a steady fall from 28% in 1981 to 15% in
2001 in the spending on wages of other workers.

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The pie charts below show the main reasons why students chose to study at
a particular UK University in 1987 and 2007 ( đề 2017)
(1): Quality of resources (2): suitable degree courses (3): close to parental home (4):
quality of teaching (5): good sports & social activities
The charts above detail changes in the proportion of students enrolling in a certain
university for five different reasons, from 1987 to 2007. Overall, the percentage of
students who paid attention to suitable degree courses and their parents’ home increased,
while the other factors became less necessary for new attendants. In addition, most
students took part in the university in both years because of suitable degree courses.
The teaching quality and distance to parent’s home were the least categories, at 15%
and 10%, respectively, in the first year, but showed different trends afterwards.
Whereas the percentage of attendants paying attention to the distance from their house
to the campus went up more than twofold to 22%, there was a sharp fall by 7% in
the figure for the quality of education.
Turning to other factors, Appropriate courses were the most significant reason for
choosing the university in both years, with 35% in 1987 and 37% in 2007. The
next highest level at the beginning was for high-quality materials at 21%, but it saw a
slight decline to 17% over the next 20 years. Similarly, a dramatic fall from 19% to
6% was recorded in the figure for those focusing on sports and social activities.

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DẠNG BÀI TABLE CÓ TREND – QUY VỀ LINE GRAPH
Phântích ví dụ - ( có thể vẽ thành line graph)

The table shows oil production in Africa countries from 2000 to 2004 ( unit: barrels)
– ( 4 lines, 5 năm)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Nigeria 200,000 220,000 210,000 260,000 278,000
Chad 0 0 0 50,000 220,000
Congo 2,000 1,900 1,800 1,600 1,500
Somalia 9,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 15,000
The table illustrates the production of oil in four countries in Africa, between 2000 and
2004. Looking from an overall perspective, it is obvious from the chart that with the
exception for Congo, which saw a downward trend, the production in all countries
experienced a general upward trend. In addition, Nigeria produced the highest amount of
oil in all years of the period.
With regard to Nigeria and Chad, Nigeria was the biggest oil producer in 2000, with
200,000 barrels, and this showed a significant rise to hit the highest value of
278,000 barrels in 2004. The lowest in the first 3 years was for Chad with no oil
generated. However, an over fourfold growth from 50,000 to 220,000 barrels were
recorded in the final two years, making this nation become the second biggest
manufacturer.
Somalia and Congo had inverse trends. Somalia came in second with 9,000 barrels
and Congo ranked third with 2,000 barrels in 2000. Subsequently, oil production in
Somalia reached its lowest point of 8,000 barrels in 2001 before rising considerably
to 15,000 barrels in 2004. The figure for Congo, however, underwent a gradual decline
to just 1,500 barrels, which was the lowest in the final year.

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The table below shows the information on visitor statistics in 1996, 1998 and
2000 for six World Heritage sties in Australia. Unit: thousands
Sites 1996 1998 2000
Great Barrier Reef 1,167 2,950 3,200
Central Eastern
810 790 770
Rainforest Reserve
Blue Moutains 526 565 581
Tasmaninan Wilderness 450 475 483
483Shark Bay 84 102 89
Macquaire Island 0.350 0.310 0,330
The table illustrates the number of people who visited six different heritage destinations
in Australia from 1996 to 2000. Overall, the number of visitors to those heritage
sites increased over the period shown, except for Central eastern rainforest reserve
and Macquarie island. Furthermore, Great barrier reef was the most widely-chosen
place for tourists in all years.
Great barrier reef and Central eatern rainforest reserve were the two most attractive areas
despite opposite trends. In 1996, with 1,167,000, the number of tourists going to
the former was the highest and it rose dramatically to hit 3,200,000 in 2000. By contrast,
the latter had the second highest number at 810,000 in the first year, but then a
gradual decline to 770,000 was recorded over the next 4 years.
The other sites were much less popular among tourists. The number of travellers visiting
483Shark bay, went up from 84,000 in 1996 to a peak of 102,000 in 1998, but then
fell down to 89,000 in 2000. Going to Macquaire island, however, was the least choice
with just over 300 people throughout the period. Meanwhile, the figures for Blue
mountains and Tasmaninan wilderness increased gradually from 526,000 and 450,000
to 581,000 and 483,000, respectively.

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UNIT 3: THỰC HÀNH DẠNG BAR, PIE, TABLE - KHÔNG CÓ XU HƯỚNG
Phântích ví dụ
The bar chart below shows the amount of money invested in each categories
from five organizations.
The pie charts below compare water usage in San Diego, California and the
rest of the world.

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The table below shows a survey on the preference of different age groups in
a European country on different TV programmes in 2012.
Percentages by age groups

TV programs
15-Nov 16-20 21-25
Cartoons 29% 18% 4%
Feature films 18% 23% 20%
News 6% 19% 23%
Soap Opera 17% 12% 19%
TV dramas 8% 10% 13%
Sports 22% 18% 21%
. Phântíchcácdề bàitrên:
KHÔNG ve du 使 c thành line graph vì không có su thay dδi cia sδ lieu theo thdi
gian.
Khôngcó sut 气 ng lên, gi 子 mdiciasδ lieu.
Cácsδ lieuthudng khá nhieu.
. K 态 t lu$n:
Vbid?ng denàyb?n không the làmtheo cáchlàmciacicbii trubc ( có xu
hubng), vì v 关 y,b?nnên chQnra 10- 12 sδ lieu chính cho mδibieu dδ, rδi sau
d6 cic sδ lieu d6 vbinhau.
C$n highlight cic diemcaonh$t, th$p nh$t.
C$ng?pcácsδ lieutuσng duσng nhau ho 关 cb$ng nhau.

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Các mẫu câu thường được sử dụngvớidạng không có xu hướng.
1. So sánhcaonhất, thấp nhất.
The highest/lowest/largest proportion of expenditure was spent on healthcare, which

accounted for 30%.
The highest/lowest/largest proportion of expenditure was spent on healthcare, with 30%.
The highest/lowest/largest percentage of spending was for healthcare, at 30%.
The spending on healthcare was the highest/lowest with 30%.
Healthcare accounted for the highest/ lowest percentage of expenditure with 30%.
The proportion of money spent on healthcare was the highest/ lowest at 30%.
The highest/lowest item of expenses/expenditure was healthcare at 30%.
Each family in the US paid the highest percentage for healthcare.
2. So sánh 2 dữ liệucao bằng nhau.
Each family spent exactly the same proportion on food and housing, with/at 20%.
Each household spent an equal proportion of money on food and housing, with/at 20%.
Food and housing accounted for exactly 20%, each.
The figures for spending on food and housing were the same, at 20%.
3. So sánhcaohơn, thấphơn.
A higher proportion of money was spent on healthcare than food, with 30% and
20%, respectively.
Germans spent a significantly higher percentage on healthcare than food,
which accounted for 30% and 20%, respectively.
The expenditure on healthcare was the highest with exactly 30%; however, the rate
of spending on insurance was remarkably lower, at only 10%.
The proportion of spending on healthcare was 30%, was three times/ triple that for
insurance.
The expenditure on insurance was only 10% which was one third that for healthcare.

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Thựchành dạng không có xu hướng
chart below shows the percentage of females aged 16-25 in a particular

The
country
them in
Bước 1: Phântích đề bài.
Đề này chỉ có mộtmốc thời gian duy nhất là năm 2000, so sánh tỷ lệ ngườixem và tỷ lệ
người chơi, vì vậy, sẽ không thể vẽ lạithành line graph như các dạng trước,thay vào đó
b ạ n phả isosá nh xemdữ liệ unà ocaohaydữ liệ unà o thấ p .
Có 2 cách dữ liệu là so sánh dữ liệu theo trục tung hoặc trục hoành – trục dọc hoặc
trục ngang. Nếu so sánh theo trục dọc bạn sẽ so sánh tỷ lệ người xem và tỷ lệ người
chơivà người xem của từng môn thể thao, nếu so sánh theo trục ngang bạn sẽ so sánh
tỷ lệ của các môn thể thao khác nhau. Mình thường so sánh theo trục ngang vì nó áp
dụng được chonhiềubàihơn, mìnhsẽ hướngdẫncáchlàmtheocả 2 cách ở bêndưới.
Bước 2: paraphrase cáckeywords của đề bài
• the percentage of females aged 16-25 = the percentage/proportion/rate of female
players/participants/ audiences/viewers who were 16-25/ the percentage/
proportion/rate of 16-25-year-old females. ( các cách rephrase khácvề nhómtuổibạn
có thể tham khảo thêm ở trang số 8)
• participate in = take part in = play/ attendants/players
• watch/audiences/ viewers

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Bước 3: phântích số liệu
. Viewers
50%, 15%, 15%, 5%, 10%, 5%
Chia thành 3 nhóm: 50%- cao nh$t, 15% theo sau và b$ng nhau, 10% và 5% nhóm
th$p nh$t.
. Players
30%, 20%, 21%, 12%, 30%, 15%
Cách 1: Chia thành 3 nhóm: 30% cao nh$tvà b$ng nhau, 20% và 21% theo sauvà
b$ng nhau, 15% và 12% th$p nh$t.
Cách 2: Chia theoc 关 p: 30% cao nh$tvà b$ng nhau - g$p d6i 15%, 20% vi 21%
tucngtu nhau - g$ng$p d6i 11%
Viếtbài
Introduction: Paraphrase lại đề bài bằng cách sử dụng từ, cụm từ đồng nghĩa,
các cấu trúccâu đồng nghĩa.
The bar chart compares statistics about the proportion of 16-25-year-old females in
a nation, who played and watched six different sports in 2000.
Overall summary: Viết 1-2 câu khái quát chung biểu đồ, thông thường sẽ so sánh
1 câutheophương ngang, 1 câutheophương dọc.
Overall, all sports attracted more players than viewers, except for tennis.
Furthermore, while tennis was by far the most popular sport for young female
adults, badminton was the least widely chosen.
Body graph 1: chỉ tậptrung sosánh tỷ lệ ngườixem ( viewers) củacácmônthể thao

với nhau.
With regard to 16-25-year-old female viewers, the highest proportion was for
tennis, which accounted for half the total players. This was distantly followed by
athletics and basketball, which both recorded a little over 15%, each. The next highest
percentage was for golf, with 10%, while badminton, and horse riding and racing
had the lowest, at just under 5%, each.

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Body graph 2: chỉ tậptrung so sánh tỷ lệ ngườichơi ( players) của cácmônthể thao
với nhau.
Cách 1:
Turning to participants, the highest levels were recorded in the percentages for tennis
and golf, with exactly 30%, followed closely by athletics and basketball, with roughly
20%. During the same year, house riding and racing attracted approximately 15%
of players, which was slightly higher than the lowest for badminton, at about over 11%.
Cách 2:
Turning to participants, tennis and golf recorded the same and highest levels with
exactly 30% which was twice as high as the percentage of athletics audiences. The
lowest was for badminton with around 12%, was nearly half the figures for the remaining
sports.
Vớinhững bước trênbạnsẽ viết đượcmộtbài hoànthiệnrấtnhanhgọn.

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The chart below shows the percentage of females aged 16-25 in a particular country
who participated in sports, compared with the percentage of people who
watched
them in 2000. ( CÁCH 1)
a nation, who played and watched six different sports in 2000. Overall, all sports
attracted more players than viewers, except for tennis. Furthermore, while tennis was
by far the most popular sport for young female adults, badminton was the least widely
chosen.
With regard to 16-25-year-old female viewers, the highest proportion was for
tennis, which accounted for half the total players. This was distantly followed by
athletics and basketball, which both recorded a little over 15%, each. The next highest
percentage was for golf, with 10%, while badminton, and horse riding and racing had
the lowest, at just under 5%, each.
Turning to participants, the highest levels were recorded in the percentages for tennis
and golf, with exactly 30%, followed closely by athletics and basketball, with roughly
20%. During the same year, horse riding and racing attracted approximately 15% of
players, which was slightly higher than the lowest for badminton, at about over 11%.

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The chart below shows the percentage of females aged 16-25 in a particular country
who participated in sports, compared with the percentage of people who
watched
them in 2000. (CÁCH 2)
a nation, who played and watched six different sports in 2000. Overall, all sports
attracted more players than viewers, except for tennis. Furthermore, whilst tennis was
by far the most popular sport for female audiences, both tennis and golf were widely
chosen by attendants.
Starting with tennis and golf, the former showed the highest level in terms of viewers
with exactly 50% which was far higher than that for those taking part in tennis games, at
30%. The latter had the same proportion of players as tennis, but the figure for
golf viewers was only one-third, with 10%.
Turning to other sports, the proportions for females watching athletics and basketball
were similar at around 15%, which was approximately 5% lower than that for players.
Similarly, badminton, and horse riding and racing, had the lowest percentage of
participants, with roughly 5%, each, but the respective figures for audiences of these
sports were far higher, at approximately 11% and 15%, respectively.
Chú ý: qua 2 cáchlàm ở trên, bạn có thể thấy cách 1 làm khá nhanhvà dễ hiểutrong khi
cách 2 sẽ khó hơnchocả ngườiviếtvà người đọcvà được đánh giá thấphơn. Vì vậy, sau
khiphântích đề, bạn phảicân nhắcxem hướng nàophù hợphơn, trụcdọchay trụcngang
để hoànthành bàithimộtcách tốt nhấtvì bạn không nêndành quá 20 phútcho task 1.

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The chart below shows the results survey about people’s coffee and tea buying
and drinking habits in five Australian cities.
The bar chart reveals statistics from a survey about the proportion of people buying
and drinking coffee and tee, in five cities in Australia, in the last four weeks. Overall,
it is obvious from the chart that with the exception for Adelaide, the percentage of
residents going to a coffee shop for either coffee or tea was the highest in most cities,
followed distantly by instant coffee, and then fresh coffee.
Starting with tea and coffee consumers in coffee stores, in the mostrecent four weeks, the
highest proportions were for Melbourne and Hobart, at about 64%. This was
closely followed by Sydney and Brisbane, at around 61% and 56%, respectively. The
lowest was for Adelaide, with approximately 49%.
With regard to instant coffee, the proportions for Brisbane and Hobart were the highest
at just under 55%, followed by exactly 50% in Adelaide. The next highest level was
in Melbourne, at around 47%, while the lowest percentage was recorded in Sydney,
with over 45%.
Turning to fresh coffee, Sydney and Melbourne had the highest figures at roughly
43%, which was nearly 5% higher than that for Hobart. During the same period, the
lowest percentage of fresh coffee consumers were recorded in the other remaining cities,
with a little under 35%.

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The pie charts below show the average household expenditure in Japan
and Malaysia in the year 2010. ( không có trend)
The pie charts provides information about the yearly expenses on six different
categories by each family in Japan and Malaysia, in 2010. Overall, it readily obvious
that spending on accommodation accounted for the largest proportion in Malaysia, whilst
the highest in Japan went on other good and services. In addition, expenditures on
Healthcare were the lowest in both of the nations.
The proportion of expenditures varied for most categories. Housing accounted for a high
proportion in both countries at 34% and 21% in Malaysia and Japan, respectively.
Each Japanese household spent the most money on other goods and services with 29%,
copared to 26% by an average Malaysian family. During the same year, the payment for
transport in Japan was 20%, was double the figure for Malaysia.
Turning to other items, families in Malaysia paid 27% of their yearly budget for
food, while the figure for spending on this item in Japan was 3% lower. Healthcare
accounted for the lowest percentage of spending in Japan at 6% which was still twice as
high as the number for Malaysia.

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The pie charts show the average spending on food in the world in 2008 compared
to two countries; China and India.
The three pie charts compare the proportion of money spent on four kinds of food
by people in China, India and all over the world in 2008. Overall, it can be seen from
the chart that people in both countries and the world spent the most money on processed
food. In addition, while China paid the least for animal food, the lowest figures for
India and the whole world were for nuts and seeds.
Starting with processed food, and nuts and seeds, the former was the main source of
food in the world with 41%, compared to 34% and 39% in China and India,
respectively. In contrast, the latter only accounted for 4% of consumer spending in the
world, which was almost one fifth and a quarter of the respective figures for China and
India.
Turning to other categories, the expenditure on vegetables and fruits in India was
23% which was far lower than the percentage of money used for this sector in the
world and China, at around 30%. On the other hand, with only 15%, Chinese
consumers allocated the least proportion of their income for food produced from
animals in comparison with 27% in India and 26% in the world during the same year.

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The table below gives information on consumer spending on different items in

different countries in 2002. - Không
Percentage of national consumer expenditure by category - 2002
The table compares the proportions of expenditure for three categories of consumer
products and services, in five countries, in 2002. Overall, the highest percentage of
money in all nations was for food, drinks, and tobacco, followed by clothing and
footwear products, and the lowest went on recreation and education.
Starting with foodstuff, beverages, and tobacco, Turkey paid the highest percentage, with
32.14%, which was twice as high as the lowest figures for Italy and Sweden, at
around 16%. Ireland came in second with 28.91% and Spain ranked third with 18.8%.
Turning to clothing and footwear-related items, which accounted for the next
highest spending in all countries, the Italians paid the highest at exactly 9%,
compared to the lowest of 5.4% by the Swedish. The figures for other countries
were similar at approximately 6.5%.
With regard to recreational and educational activities, the highest proportion was
4.35% in Turkey, was double that for Spain and Ireland, at around 2%. Both Italy and
Sweden allocated just more than 3% of their budget for this category.

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THỰC HÀNH DẠNG MULTIPLE CHARTS
The charts below show reasons for travel and the main issues for the travelling
public in the US in 2009.
Introduction: Viết 1 câu paraphrase cho bar chart và 1 câuchopie chart

The bar chart compares the proportion of five different reasons why Americans travelled
and the pie chart illustrates six main problems for using public transport in 2009.
Overview: Viết 1 câunêu đặc điểm chínhcủa bar chart, 1 câucủapie chart
Overall, it is obviously apparent that the main reason why people in the US travelled was
to commute to and from work. In addition, public transport fares were the most
significant problem for passengers during the same year.
Body 1: Phântích bar chart – không xu hướng
Starting with the bar chart, in 2009, almost half trips made by US citizens were to
go to and from their workplaces. This percentage was far higher than the figures
for journeys for purposes of personal reasons and shopping, at 19% and 16%,
respectively. However, one in ten trips were for social or recreational activities while
visiting friends or relatives accounted for the lowest proportion of only 6%.
Body 2: Phântích pie chart – không xu hướng
Regarding the pie chart, the proportion of problems related to the cost of travelling
was the highest with 36% which was nearly twice as high as that for issues associated
with safety and aggressive drivers. While highway congestion was the main issue for
14% of the travelling public, the access to public transport and space for pedestrians were
the least important concerns with just under 10%.

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The pie charts and table give information about the total value and sources of
fish imported to the US between 1988 and 2000.
The table shows the total value of fish that the United States imported and the three
pie charts illustrate the percentage of fish from three different areas in 1988, 1992 and
2000. Overall, it is obviously apparent that the US spent more and more money
buying fish from 1988 to 2000. Furthermore, the proportion of fish imported
from Canada experienced a downward trend, while an upward trend was true for
China and other countries.
Regarding the table, the amount of money paid for importing fish went up
significantly over the 12-year period. Starting at 6.57 billion dollars in 1988, this
value went up considerably to 8.52 billion in 1992. The next 8 years continued to
witness a sharp increase of 2.2 million dollars in the total value of fish imported by this
country.
In terms of the pie charts, Canada was the biggest source of fish for Americans in 1988
with 60%, followed by 27% from other countries, and China accounted for the
lowest with only 13%. Subsequently, the percentage of fish from Canada declined
steeply to just 28%, the figure for China, however, rose more than twofold to 30%.
During the same period, the proportion for fish from the rest of the world peaked at 46%
in 1992, followed by a fall to 42% which was still the highest in the final year.

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The chart below shows the value of one countries exports in various categories
during 2015 in 2016. The table shows the percentage change in each category
of exports in 2016 compared with 2015.
The bar chart illustrates a nation’s exports, by category, in 2015 and 2016; and the
table gives the changes and exports for each category, on a percentage basis during the
same period. Overall, all categories increased except for precious stones and jewellery.
The top two exports, which were oil-based goods and engineered products, had
similar sales volumes. Petroleum products increased slightly by 3% from $60 billion in
2015 to about $62 billion in 2016. Engineered goods increased at a faster rate of
8.5% from roughly $58 billion in 2015 to approximately $61 billion in 2016.
The other three categories had much lower export values. Gems and jewellery recorded
the only decline in sales of about $42 billion in 2015 declining by about 5 per cent
in 2016. Farming products were $30 billion in 2015 and had only a slight increase of
.81%. The greatest increase, of over 15%, was for textiles, which increased from
approximately $25 billion to over $30 billion.
Source: examiner

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UNIT 4: THỰC HÀNH DẠNG BÀI MAP & PROCESS

Chú ý khilàmbàidạng Map:
Dδiv6id?ng Map, c$u trúcciam?tbàiv$n chia theo thh tu, introduction, overview,
và các body graphs.
Nhìntδng quan bieudδ, phântích các su thay dδivà gom l?i theonhóm sao cho
d 含 viet nh$tvingudidQc cam th$yd 含 hieunh$t
Khung mộtbàiMap:
Introduction :
paraphrase l?i debài, s 让 dung cáct 让 vung ciariêng b?n
Overview:
Nhìntδng quan, demcác su thay dδi, neu thay dδinhieu tachQn cácsu thay dδichính
và di 含 nd?t.
Body 1&2:
Mô tacácsu thay dδi
Mộtsố ví dụ về cấu trúccâu thường đượcdùngtrong dạng Map

The library saw/experienced/witnessed a sighificant change in its layout.
The library was opened/extended/added towards the south.
A meeting room was opened behind the building to cover the entire garden.
The old building was demolished/pulled down/destroyed to make way for/give way
to anew garden/the appearance of a new garden.
The old building was replaced by a new exhibition room.
The exhibition room was moved/transferred to the north of the library
A new building was erected/built/constructed on the site of the old garden.
The period from 1950 to 2010 witnessed/experienced the replacement of the library by
a new meeting room.
There was an appearance of a meeting room in place of the library in the north of
the school.
There was an extension of the library towards the north from 1950 to 2010.
The north of the school witnessed the appearance of a meeting room in place of
the library.
The library which was located/situated in the north of the school near the
information center, was demolished to make way for a meeting room.

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Mộtsố danhtừ thườngdùng
The appearance of /the birth of/the emergence of
The construction of/erection of
The presence of/existence of
The disappearance of
The removal of
E elimination of/demolition of
The replacement of
Khung mộtbàiMap theo cách củabạn sau khithực hành

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The maps below show changes in the art gallery ground floor in 2005 and
present day.
Introduction: Viết 1 câuparaphrase lại đề bài
Overview: Khái quátcácsự thay đổivà sự thay đổichínhlà gì.
Body graphs: Chia đoạntừ tráisang phải, trên xuốngdưới, hoặctừ ngoàivàotrong
The pictures show the ground floor of an art gallery at two different stages in its
development: 2005 and at present. It is readily obvious that most features of the
gallery have been altered, except for the three exhibition rooms on the right, and
the main changes involve the replacement and addition of new facilities, making the
art gallery become more modern.
Looking at the left of the map, in 2005, there was a café in the northwest of the
gallery’s ground floor which has been replaced by a shop. Similarly, a vending machine
has been put on the site of the original gallery office. In the southwest of the floor, the
exhibition room 4 has been separated into a temporary exhibition room and an area for
children.
Regarding the centre, a new lift has also been added between the stairs and
the exhibition room 3. Likewise, the receptionist area with a table and two chairs has
been moved to the center of the ground floor from the corner of the entrance hall.
Meanwhile, the appearance of a wheelchair ramp outside the gallery has enabled
disabled travellers to enter the floor space.
Turning to the right, no changes are seen in the layout of the exhibition room 1, 2
and 3 on the right side of the ground floor.

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The maps illustrate different changes in the layout of West Park Secondary School
from 1950 to 2010. Overall, most features of the school altered, except for the main
school building in the top left corner, and the main changes involve an increase in size
with the appearance of a large carpark, science block and recreational areas.
In 1950, there were houses located in the northwest of the picture next to the
school which was demolished to make way for a small car park and an area for a
science block which was also a part of the school in 1980. During the same period, the
farmland to the south of the housing area was replaced by a sports field, while no change
was seen in the layout of the playground in the southeast behind the school.
Over the next 30 years, the car park was expanded towards the south and occupied
the sports field. As a result, the sport field was moved to the east and took up a third
of the original playground area. The science block and school building remained the
same between 1980 and 2010.

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The plans below show a public park when it first opened in 1920
and the same park today.
The two pictures illustrate a park when it opened in 1920 and today. Overall,
every feature of the park has been changed except for the entrances and one of the
three rose gardens.
Looking first at the far left side of the image, the seats and music stage have been
converted into a large amphitheatre with stadium-like seating. In the centre of the
park, the two entrances remain the same, but the water fountain has been transformed
into a rectangular-shaped rose garden with seating around each side.
Turning to the far-right side of the plans, the pond has become a play area for
children and the glasshouse is now a water feature. Below the water feature, an
underground parking area has been built and this can be accessed by turning left off
Eldon Street. Next to the entrance on Arnold Avenue, the rose garden has been replaced
with a café .
Source: examiner

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Chú ý khilàmbàid?ng Process:
Đối với dạng process, cấu trúc của một bài vẫn chia theo thứ tự,
introduction, overview, và các body graphs.
Nhìn tổng quan quá trình, có bao nhiêu bước, gom các bước chính lại trong
phần overview và phântích từng bướcnhỏ trong các body graphs.
Khung th6ngthrtng cia m?tbài Process

Introduction:
The diagram/process/picture illustrates/shows/demonstrates various stages/steps in
producing something/ in the development of something.
The diagram/process/picture illustrates/shows/demonstrates the process of producing
something/ how something is produced.
Overview:
It is obviously apparent that there are five/six different stages in this process/shown on the
picture, which can be grouped into three main steps, beginning with---, then--- and ending
with---.
Body graphs:
The process commences/starts by ---
Next, ---
Finally, ---

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The picture shows the process of producing bricks.
The picture shows different stages in terms of how bricks are produced and delivered to
customers. It is obviously apparent that there are seven different stages in the process of
manufacturing bricks, which can be grouped into three main stages; beginning with
preparing materials, then producing bricks, and ending with delivering bricks.
Starting with the preparation of materials, the process commences when a digger is
responsible for the excavation of clay which is then put on a metal grid to separate small species
of the clay, and they are passed onto a roller and mixed with sand and water.
Regarding the main production, the mixture of clay, water and sand can be shaped into
bricks by either a wire cutter or a mould. Subsequently, bricks are moved to a drying
oven for one to two days. After that, such bricks are fired in a kiln at a moderate
temperature (200 。 C to 980 。 C), then they are moved to another kiln to be fired at a higher
temperature (870 。 C to 1300 。 C) before being put in a cooling chamber for two to three
days.
The final stages show that the bricks are delivered to customers by a big truck after they are
packaged together to finish the whole process.

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The diagram below showshow instant noodles are manufactured.
The process diagram shows how packets of instant noodles are made. Overall, there
are eight steps, starting with flour being delivered and ending with noodles being put
into packets. In addition, five ingredients are used in the cups of noodles.
The first six steps involve making the noodles out of flour, water, and oil. First,
flour is delivered by trucks and stored in silos. Then, the flour is put into a mixer
along with water and cooking oil. Subsequently, the mixture is rolled into sheets of
dough. After this, the dough is cut into strips, which are then formed into circular
discs. Then, these discs are cooked in oil and then dried.
The final two steps involve packaging the noodles. In the first stage, the noodles
are put into cups and vegetables and spices are added. Subsequently, labels are added
to the cups and then they are sealed, which finishes the whole process.
Source: examiner

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IELTS WRITING TASK 2
TIÊ U CHÍ CH 括 M DIjM - TASK 2
Estimate
Criteria Detail Comments d
grade
Over 250 words Viết ít nhất 250 từ
All parts of the topic are Trả lờitốttấtcả các phần
responded to well củachủ đề
Task All parts of the question Trả lờitốttấtcả các phần

are responded to well của câuhỏi
Achievement
Main ideas are clear Ideas rõ ràng ( luận điểm)
Explanation/examples of Giảithích/ ví dụ rõ ràng

main ideas are clear ( luận cứ)
Good overall structure Cấu trúctổng quan essay
The introduction clearly Mở bàirõ ràng, giớithiệu

introduces the essay cụ thể về bài.
Coherence
and
Topic sentences introduce Câuchủ đề rõ ràng
Cohesion paragraphs well
Paragraph development is Các đoạn được viếtmột

logical cách logic
Appropriate word choices/ Loạitừ, dạngtừ chính xác

endings/ forms
Spelling is correct Viết đúng chính tả
Vocabulary
Topic vocabulary Từ vựng theochủ đề
Repetion is avoided ( Dùngtừ đồng nghĩa

paraphrase)
Sentence structures are diverse Cáccấu trúccâu đadạngvà

and correct chính xác
Grammar
Articles ( a, an, the) Mạotừ
Overall

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PHÂN TÍCH BÀI ESSAY CỦA MÌNH ĐÃ ĐƯỢC GIÁM KHẢO ĐÁNH GIÁ.
In many countries, the quality of life in large cities is becoming worse. What are
the causes for this problem? What measures do you think should be taken to tackle
the problem?
[The grammar here means in the past but the task is about now
There has been a deterioration in living standards of citizens in metropolitan cities

areas in various nations. The purpose of this essay is to discuss some of the [“of these”
needed because of the word principal] principal reasons for this phenomenon, and
suggest possible solutions to address the issue.
The degradation of living conditions can be explained by a combination of factors.

The main reason is that the environment in large cities has been being contaminated due
to toxic chemical waste produced by more and more factories, leading to a variety
of health issues. Hence For example, there has been an ever-increasing number of
patients suffering from cancer and other diseases, which is attributable to the
environmental pollution. Another reason is that since the living costs have been on
the rise in many areas, particularly in metropolises [this is not needed in the sentence
and just makes it
harder for the reader to understand the sentence…. It’s also not great to have metropolises
and metropolitans in the same sentence], the quality of life among metropolitans has
been affected negatively. For instance, it is much more difficult for urban citizens, in
densely populated cities such as Hanoi, to afford a house or even cover their basic
needs than in the past due to higher prices for everything. [It seems to me that the last
sentence could be
written more elegantly by removing one of the clauses in it. What I’m suggesting is three
clauses instead of four. I had the same feeling about the other sentence just one clause too
many look at the effect of all these causes is that the reader has to stop and pause
and connect them altogether. Try not to go beyond three clauses if possible; and when
you stack for clause sentence next to another for clause sentence the reader’s job
becomes more difficult.] “For instance, it is much more difficult for urban citizens,
in densely populated cities such as Hanoi, to afford a house or even cover their basic
needs than in the past due to higher prices for everything.”
Some methods could be taken into account by the authorities to solve the problem of the
worse life quality. An effective measure is to impose a higher tax on manufacturers whose
production waste causes damage to the environment. Therefore, enterprises are more
likely to improve their waste disposal process, ensuring the a better environment

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for citizens. Another possible reason solution is to launch government sponsored
campaigns

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encouraging urban citizens and companies to move to smaller regional towns. This would
result in lower prices of products in large cities thanks to lower demand and
population density, improving the affordability of for citizens and their living conditions
in general. [Affordability of computers for citizens]
In conclusion, the environmental degradation and high costs of living are to blame for the
lower quality of life, but tax policies as well as relocation campaigns are efficient
and should be considered to solve the above issue.

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Estimated
Grade
8 250 -320 words

Ta
Response
all parts of the topic are responded to well
all parts of the question are responded to well
a good fit between the two questions… You’ resolutions matched the
causes you’d identified
main ideas are clear
explanation/examples of main ideas are clear
8 good overall structure

Cohesi
and
the first paragraph clearly introduces the essay
Coheren
topic sentences introduce paragraphs well / clear central topic
 paragraph development is logical
there were just a few issues that I’ve highlighted in grey. They are not so serious
to lower your score but they’ re worth thinking about
Vocabulary 8 x appropriate word choices / control of word endings/forms
just a couple of minor slips
repetition is avoided
spelling is correct
Grammar 8  articles (a, an, the)
x sentence structures are correct
Overall 8 Well done this is a really good essay!
There are just a few minor issues for you to review.

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CÁC CẤU TRÚC CẦN CÓ ĐỂ VIẾT ESSAY.
Topic: Students should be taught academic knowledge so that they can pass
exams, and skills such as cooking or dressing should not be taught.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Phântích đề
Đề này gồm có 2 phần: topic và câu hỏi, nhiệm vụ của ban là phải dựa vào topic và
trả lời, giảithíchcác phầncủacâuhỏi ( extent, agree or disagree) mộtcáchrõ ràng, logic.
Bạn có thể lựa chọn cách viếthoàn toàn đồng ý, hoàn toàn không đồng ý, hoặc đồng ý 1
phầ nvớ ibà inà y .
Phântích keywords:
students – learners / teach – educate
academic knowledge – academic lessons – academic classes – lessons associated

with academic knowledge – academic education – academic subjects – core/
key/main subjects.
skills such as cooking or dressing – cooking, dressing and other practical/

useful/real/necessary skills.
Viết Introduction:
Điểm cốt lõi của một introduction tốt là khả năng paraphrase của bạn, cách
paraphrase cũng giống như trong task 1, mình thường sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa, đảo dạng
từ, cấu trúc câu từ chủ động thành bị động và ngược lại, đảo thứ tự vế trước về sau,
đảo thứ tự so sánh.
Với introduction, mình sẽ phảiviết ít nhất 2 câu, câu 1 rephrase lại chủ đề, câu thứ 2 trả
lời được câu hỏi mà đề bài đưa ra. Một số bạn có thói quen thêm câu general
statement vào introduction đọcnghe có vẻ cuốnhúthơn nhưng theomình thì không cần,
và nó chỉ khiếnbạnmất thêm thờigian chứ không đượccộng điểm.
Mình sẽ viết một số introductions khác nhau, áp dụng các quy tắc trên để bạn có thể
áp dụng cho cácbàikhácnữanhé.

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It is argued that cooking, dressing and other life skills should not be educated at school as
academic subjects should be prioritised to help learners pass exams. I completely
agree with this viewpoint because core subjects serve as a key determiner for a better
career and creativity.
Some people hold the opinion that academic lessons should take precedence over
cooking, dressing and other practical skills in order for learners to achieve high scores.
I somewhat agree with this point of view because academic education is of importance
for students, but life skills are necessary for them to become more comprehensive.
Many are of the belief that schools should only focus on key subjects to help students
pass academic tests, rather than wasting time educating cooking, dressing and other life
skills. In my opinion, though academic knowledge is important, other practical
skills are essential and need to be educated..
Chú ý:
đặc điểmchung của cácmở bàitrênlà mỗimở bài đều có 2 câu,trong đó câu 1 mình đã
rephrase lạitopic mộtcách đầy đủ, câu thứ 2 mình đưara đượcm 止 cd? dδng ý
củamình đốivớitopic trên.
Vớicách mở bàithứ nhấtmình đitheohướng hoàn toàn đồng ý vớitopic và sau đó mình
khái quát luôn mình sẽ nói gì ở phần body graphs, đọc xong introduction, người đọc
sẽ hiểu được body graph 1 mình sẽ nói tới việc tập trung vào các môn học thuật sẽ
mở đường cho một sự nghiệp tươi sáng hơn, body graph thứ 2 mình sẽ nói về tập trung
vào các môn học thuật sẽ giúp nâng cao khả năng sáng tạo. Bạn cũng có thể có nhiều
ideas khác ví dụ như các môn học thuật khó nên đòi hỏi nhiều thời gian, hay việc học
những mỗn đó giúphọcsinhtự tin hơn nhưng mìnhsẽ chỉ chọnmỗi body 1 idea duy
nhấtvà giải thích khiviếtone-side essays.
Với cách mở bài thứ hai và ba, mình đi theo hướng đồng ý một phần, đọc xong
introduction, người đọc sẽ định hình được, body 1 mình sẽ viết về tầm quan trọng
của academic knowledge, body 2 mình sẽ viếtvề tầmquantrọng của life skills. Vớicách
viết này mìnhsẽ chọn 2 ideas chomỗi body graph khiviết balanced essays.

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Viếtcâutopic sentence:
Topic sentence là câukhái quát ý chung củacả một đoạnbạn định viết ( lốiviếttheokiểu
diễn dịch), câu topic sentence thường ngắngọn và có liênkết chặt chẽ vớimở bàivà kết
bài để đảmbảotính xuyên suốtcủacả bài, tránhmất điểm TR và CC.
One-side essays
The main reason is that good academic performances are conducive to better job
opportunities. ( body 1)
Another compelling reason is that highly focusing on core subjects leads to a higher
level of inventiveness. (body 2)
Balanced essays
On the one hand, academic lessons are necessary for a combination of
reasons. On the one hand, advocates of academic education point out a host of
reasons.
One the one hand, there are several factors why academic subjects are vital.
One the other hand, I am convinced that educational institutions should encourage
students in taking part in non-academic skills.
Nonetheless, I would argue that students should be given opportunities to learn

practical knowledge.
However, I believe that extra-curricular activities are important for students.
Chú ý:
Bạn có nhiều cách khác nhau để viết câu topic sentence của các body graphs tuỳ
thuộc vào chủ đề của đề bàivà cấu trúc essay mà bạn muốnhướngtới, mộtone-side
essay hay một balanced essay. Dù viết cách nào đi nữa, bạn hãy cố viết tổng quan
nhất có thể và bámvào đề bài, đừngviếtdài quá sẽ rấtdễ bị trùng
lặpvớicáccâugiảithích phíasau.

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Viết main ideas và cáccâugiảithích:
Cách 1: Dùng mệnh đề nguyên nhân – kết quả
If learners just concentrate on key knowledge, they may pass all exams with high
scores and possess a clear advantage when looking for a job in the future.
Since several employers still place great emphasis on certificates, students with high
academic results would find better jobs.
Students would possess good academic results when focusing on core subjects,
which leads to/ which is conducive to / which paves the way for/ which lays the
foundations for a lucrative career thanks to preferences for academic degrees among
employers.
The abolition of lessons related to life skills is to blame for a variety of problems in
their later life.
Cách 2: Dùng mệnh đề kết quả- nguyên nhân
Young people become more self-reliant after their graduation because they are
equipped with fundamental skills at school.
New graduates would have various advantages in the future as the

increasingly competitive job market requires not only technical expertise but also soft
skills.
Young generations may face with a variety of problems due to/ owing to the lack of
basic abilities
Many young students cannot cooperate with their peers and teachers, which
is attributable/ attributed to their lack of interactive activities at school.
Sử dụng examples
Big enterprises in Vietnam, for instance, often prioritise candidates with excellent
certificates when looking for new staff.
Ơn such example of this is that/ For instance/ For example/ To illustrate/ What is more, a
number of university students find it difficult to live alone as they cannot take care
of themselves in the absence of parents due to poor cooking skills.
It is exemplified by an ever-increasing employment rate among graduates who are

not able to meet requirements of companies due to their poorly educated soft skills.

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Hãy ápdụng nhữngcấu trúc trênvà viếtmộtbài hoànthiện nhé.

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pass academic tests, rather than, wasting time educating cooking, dressing and other life
skills are essential and need to be educated.
On the one hand, academic lessons are necessary for a combination of reasons.
First and foremost, students would possess good academic results when solely
concentrating on core lessons, paving the way for a lucrative career thanks to
preferences for academic degrees among employers. Big enterprises in Vietnam, for
instance, often prioritise candidates with excellent certificates when looking for new
staff. Another compelling reason is that academic education is not only challenging
but also time-consuming while most other skills can be learnt at home. Classes
associated with academic knowledge, therefore, should take precedence over any other
skills unless it is impossible for learners to pass exams.
On the other hand, I am convinced that educational institutions should encourage

students in taking part in non-academic skills. The main supporting point is that
if students are proficient at life skills, they are more comprehensive, leading to a better
life. One such example of this is that they would take advantage of communication
and teamwork skills cultivated from extracurricular activities at school to interact
with colleagues and customers, which is conducive to more achievements and
closer relationships. Furthermore, young people may become more self-reliant
after their graduation because they are equipped with fundamental skills at school. To
illustrate, a number of university students find it difficult to live alone as they cannot
take care of themselves in the absence of parents due to poor cooking skills.
To sum up, I believe that despite tremendous merits of academic subjects associated with
job opportunities and school records, learners should study other skills to become
more well-rounded and independent.

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UNIT 5: WRITING TASK 2
What extent do you agree or disagree
PHÂN TÍCH VÍ DỤ - HOÀN TOÀN ĐỒNG Ý VỚI TOPIC
Maintaining public libraries is a waste of money since computer technology

can replace their functions.
To what extent you agree or disagree?
Some people argue that it is pointless to spend money maintaining community

centres where books are stored for people to use as most of their functions can be
replaced by modern computers. I completely agree with this viewpoint because
computers are better in storing information and more convenient for readers than
traditional libraries.
The main reason is that computers are considered as an ideal vehicle for
storing knowledge, which is the main function of brick-and-mortar libraries. This is
because computers with internet access can provide a wealth of information for
readers. For instance, user-generated sites such as Wikipedia act as a valuable source
of information related to all aspects of life; therefore, people can find online
books about the environment, education, technology, and so on. In fact, an ever-
increasing number of students in many parts of the world have been taking advantage of
their computer to study at home since they can find a lot of suitable documents on
Wikipedia to do research and enrich their knowledge.
Another compelling reason is that computer technology is highly appreciated by

learners thanks to its convenience. The advent of the Internet and computers has
enabled people, irrespective of their location, to find any books without having to go
to the library. Readers, hence, are keen on learning through their computer, and
traditional libraries would become redundant. To illustrate, many state libraries in
Vietnam have been changed into labs, classrooms, and other public places due to a
decreasing number of library members as modern students, particularly those who are
proficient at computer skills, are indifferent to reading in these areas despite various
campaigns to encourage them togo there.
In conclusion, I strongly believe that computer technology has various benefits when
it comes to information storage and accessibility; therefore, maintaining public
libraries should be seen as a waste of state budgets.

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ESSAY TEMPLATE - HOÀN TOÀN ĐỒNG Ý VỚI TOPIC
Introduction:
Câu 1: Câugeneral statement ( có thể có hoặc không) + Rephrase lại topic
Câu 2: Thể hiện quan điểm của bạn rằng bạn hoàn toàn đồng ý hoặc hoàn toàn
không đồng ý với topic
Body 1:
Câu 1: 1 câutopic sentence
Câu 2 & 3 &4: 1 câu supporting sentence & 1-2 câu giảithích
Body 2:
Câu 2 & 3 &4: 1 câu supporting sentence & 1-2 câu giảithích
Conclusion:
Câu 1: nhắc lạimột lầnnữa rằng bạn hoàn toàn đồngy/ không đồng ý với luận điểm và
giảithíchlý dobằngcách tómtắtlại body 1 và body 2
Câu 2: câumở rộng – có thể có hoặc không

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PHÂN TÍCH VÍ DⅤ - D?NG Ý MQT PH 括 N VdI TOPIC
Some people think that a huge amount of time and money is spent on the protection
of wild animals, and this money could be better spent on the human population.
Some people argue that it is better to invest in the human race as opposed to wild animal
conservation which is not only time-consuming but also expensive. I somewhat
agree with this viewpoint because spending on humans is more important, but time
and money should also be used for wild animal protection.
On the one hand, time and financial resources need to be better allocated to
the population for a combination of reasons. First and foremost, in most countries,
there are still disadvantaged and homeless people who are struggling to survive due to
their poor financial health. They, therefore, need time and financial support from the
state to overcome their problems and improve living standards. Furthermore,
since education acts as a key determiner in the socio-economic development, more time
and budgets need to be spent on educational institutions. This would, in turn, create a
civilized society and a thriving economy, which is conducive to a better life for the
whole population.
On the other hand, I believe that time and funding for animal-related projects
are also of necessity. The first supporting point is that as some wild animals are
highly endangered, the authorities should spend a minimal level of expenditure and
time on protecting animals from extinction. Hence, this may contribute to the
diversity of the ecology with a variety of species having diversified genes. Another
compelling reason is that animals are living side by side with us, and we have gotten
used to the appearance of them. Therefore, humans ， lives would be much less
meaningful and interesting in the absence of animals.
In conclusion, although humans are the first priority for any investment to improve
their life quality, spending on protecting animals is also justified for some reasons. It
seems to me that apart from budgets for humans, a suitable amount of money and
time should be spent on the protection of animals, particularly those which are on the
brink of extinction.

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ESSAY TEMPLATE - D?NG Ý MQT PH 括 N VdI TOPIC
Introduction:
Câu 2: Thể hiện quan điểmcủabạnrằng bạn đồng ý mộtphầnvới topic
Body 1:
Câu 2 & 3: 1 câu supporting sentence & 1 câu giảithích
Body 2:
Conclusion:
Câu 1: nhắc lại một lầnnữarằng bạn đồng ý mộtphầnvới luận điểmvà giải thích lý do
bằngcách tómtắtlại body 1 và body 2

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Th*c hành & Bàitập
Some people think that sending criminals to prison is not effective. Education
and job training should be used instead.

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Environmental protection is the responsibility of politicians, not individuals as

individuals can do too little.

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Unit 6: IELTS WRITING TASK 2

“Discuss both views and gives your opinion”
Some people think that printed newspapers are the best way to learn news.
However, others believe that they can learn news better through other media
Discuss both views and give your opinion?
A school of thought holds that the most effective method to keep abreast of current
affairs is to read traditional newspapers, while the alternative stance asserts that
other types of media are a better source of information. The purpose of this essay
is to analyze both sides of this contentious argument and then explain why I
agree with the latter view.
On the one hand, there are those who think that reading conventional newspapers
is the best way to update news. The principal reason is that printed news is
more accurate and reliable than the online one thanks to rigorous editing processes.
Paper news in Vietnam, for instance, is checked carefully by a number of editors to
ensure the accuracy before being published, which protects readers from fake news.
Moreover, there are a variety of advertisements attached to news in other kinds of
media, distracting readers’ attention from important issues. Hence, they miss out
on essential news, particularly those associated with government policies and the job
market, affecting their lives negatively.
On the other hand, I advocate those who believe that people can take in information
more effectively through alternative forms of media. The first supporting point
is that they are much more convenient than newspapers, helping readers update news at
the push of a button. If a person has a smartphone, he can have access to huge
volume of knowledge related to different fields on user-generated sites such as
Wikipedia without having to buy a printed version. Another compelling reason is
that since news published on other media platforms is often not only hands-on but
also lively, learners would have deeper insights into the news. One such example of
this is that thanks to real pictures and live videos about the Covid-19 pandemic on TV
channels in Vietnam, all citizens have been made fully aware of potential dangers of
this disease, paving the way for asuccessful preventive program.
In conclusion, I believe that both options have merits. The other media, however, is the
best information source when it comes to convenience and visual news. As long as
readers focus on the main contents and do not pay attention to ads or unreliable news,
the alternative media platforms are a good vehicle for them to update news.

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ESSAY TEMPLATE - DISCUSS BOTH VIEWS
Introduction:
Câu 1: Câugeneral statement ( có thể có hoặc không) + Rephrase lại 2 quan điểm
Câu 2: Thể hiện rằng bạn sẽ phân tích cả 2 luận điểm và đưa ra ý kiến bạn đồng ý
với quan điểmnàohơn
Body 1:
Câu 1: 1 câu topic sentence cho luận điểm 1
Body 2:
Câu 1: 1 câu topic sentence cho luận điểm 2
Conclusion:
Câu 1: nhắc lại rằng cả 2 quan điểm đềuhợp lý nhưng bạn đồng ý hơnvới quan điểm 1
hoặc 2.

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Some people think that developing countries need financial help from
international organizations. Others think that it is practical aid and advice that
is needed.
Discuss these views and give your own opinion.

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Some people think that mental strength is the most important factor for success
in sports. However, some others believe that it is more important to have strong and
fit people.
Discuss both views and give your opinions.

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UNIT 7: IELTS WRITING TASK 2

“Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages’
Research shows that business meetings, discussions and training are happening
online nowadays.
Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Some studies have proven that a variety of online business activities such as
meetings, conversations, and training are carried out these days. This essay will
analyze why I believe that the drawbacks of this phenomenon are outweighed by its
merits.
The appearance of morre internet-based business activities is to blame for reduced

productivity and a deterioration in health. With respect to the former, since
people can get distracted by other online programs, the effectiveness of online
conversations will be affected negatively. To illustrate, various employees cannot
maintain a high level of concentration during their whole online training programs
due to advertisements appearing automatically on computers; hence, they miss out on
some key points given by trainers. Regarding the latter, exposure to technological
devices to work online would result in deleterious health effects. In fact, more and more
people have suffered from back pains, obesity, and eyesight problems in recent years,
which has been attributable to much more time sitting in front of computers to work
online as opposed to face-to-face business activities.
Despite the downsides given above, I still believe that the benefits of working
online are more significant. The first supporting point is that not only organizations
but also workers can save a great deal of money. This is because entrepreneurs and
workers would pay less for facilities like offices, and travelling fees. Furthermore,
in some situations, particularly that require large discussions between people in
different countries, unexpected issues could be tackled faster. One such example of
this is that technical experts working for Mazda car company in the four corners of the
world, took advantage of the Internet to find the best solution for fuel-related
problems with new model cars released in Vietnam last year, unless the image of
this company would be affected.
In conclusion, I would restate that the drawbacks of online business, in terms of the
effectiveness and health issues, are eclipsed by the advantages related to less costs
and urgent measures. However, it is recommended that the combination between online
and offline activities are the best option for enterprises and employees.
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ESSAY TEMPLATE - ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES
Introduction:
Câu 1: Câugeneral statement ( có the có ho 关 c không) + Rephrase l?i topic
Câu 2: The hienr$ng diem tδtvi diem x$uciinio hcn
Body 1:
Câu 1: 1 câu topic sentence cho lu 关 n diem 1
Câu 2 & 3: 1 câu supporting sentence & 1 câu gi 子 ithích
Body 2:
Câu 1: 1 câu topic sentence cho lu 关 n diem 2, the hienr$ng diem tδtvi diem x$u
cáinào hcn.
Conclusion:
Câu 1: nh$cl?im?tl$nn 计 adiem tδtvi diem x$uciinio hcn
Câu 2: câumδ r?ng - có the có ho 关 c không

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Thực hành & Bàitập
In many places, people’s lifestyle is changing rapidly, and this affects

family relationships.
Do you think the advantages of those developments outweigh the disadvantages?

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Many foods are shipped from far away. Some people think that eating local food
is more environmentally and economically.
Do you think the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?

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“Positive or Negative development”
There are more workers who work from home and more students who study
from home. This is because computer technology is more and more easily
accessible and cheaper.
Do you think it is a positive or negative development?
Thanks to the easier affordability and availability of computers, employees and learners
are able to work and study at home instead of going to their workplaces and
educational institutions. This essay will analyze some of the principal reasons why I
believe that this should be considered as progress.
The main reason is that working at home is much more convenient for
employees. Owing to the widespread popularity and affordability of modern computers
in the four corners of the world, people have been able to come into contact with
others such as customers and partners without having to travel to other areas.
Various international enterprises, for instance, are developing online jobs, which
allows their staff to take advantage of computers to interact with foreign clients as
opposed to flying to other nations. Another example is that online discussions with
colleagues can be hold any time at home, allowing companies to solve urgent problems
faster, regardless of the time.
Moreover, studying at home on computers helps students learn effectively in a

comfortable environment. This is because computers equipped with internet access may
provide huge volume of knowledge related to all aspects of life; therefore, paving the
way for new horizons. Also, in the absence of teachers, students are more likely to be
more comfortable, which is important for creative ideas. For example, various students
choose to study on online websites such as Wikipedia since they can take advantage of
specific information divided into different categories to study logically, and think outside
the box without any pressure from teachers.
In conclusion, I believe that distance learning and working are seen as a very
welcome development because of a higher level of convenience and effectiveness for
both workers and learners in a comfortable environment.

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ESSAY TEMPLATE - POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Introduction:
Câu 2: Thể hiệnrằng xu hướng trên hoàn toànlà tíchcực, hoặchoàn toànlà tiêucực
Body 1:
Câu 2 & 3 & 4: 1 câu supporting sentence & các câu giảithích
Body 2:
Câu 2 & 3 & 4: 1 câu supporting sentence & các câu giảithích
Conclusion:
Câu 1: nhắc lại một lầnnữarằng đó hoàn toàn là tốthoặchoàn toàn là xấu và giải thích
tómgọnbằngcách rephrase lại body 1 và body 2
Chú ý: vớidạng bàinày, bạncũngcó thể làmtheocách mộtnửalà tíchcựcvà mộtnửalà

tiêu cực.

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Advertisements are becoming more and more common in our everyday life.
Is it a positive or negative development?
It is a fact of modern life that commercials have been becoming increasingly popular
in people’s life. Despite some inconveniences, the popularity of advertisements should
be better considered as a very welcome development thanks to various merits.
Critics of advertising often point out a combination of reasons. First and foremost,
advertising is likely to be a potential tool for producers to exaggerate attributes of their
products, which is to blame for a variety of problems. To illustrate, gullible customers
would buy low-quality products whose values are overstated on social networking
websites like Facebook. Furthermore, manufacturers may have to pay a great deal
of money for advertising campaigns, leading to the escalating living cost. One way
of explaining this is that sellers would pass on advertising fees to end consumers in
forms of higher prices of their items.
Nonetheless, the ubiquity of commercials is conducive to a more convenient life

and numerous job opportunities. With respect to the former, clients would be
well informed about information associated with most kinds of goods thanks to an
ever- increasing number of advertisements. They, therefore, may find the most
suitable products for their family without having to go to stores. Regarding the
latter, the development of the advertising industry paves the way for new vacancies
for a huge number of people. For instance, young graduates who are endowed with
special skills like designing or editing can look for high-paid jobs in marketing
companies, laying the foundations for their better future.
To sum up, in spite of several drawbacks associated with exaggeration and higher prices,
the appearance of more and more advertisements should be seen as progress when
it comes to convenience and lucrative careers related to this trend.

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ESSAY TEMPLATE - POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Introduction:
Câu 2: Thể hiệnrằng xu hướng trêncó cả điểmtíchcựcvà tiêucực
Body 1:
Body 2:
Conclusion:
Câu 1: nhắc lạimột lần nữarằng xu hướng có cả điểm tích cựcvà tiêu cựcvà giải thích
tómgọnbằngcách rephrase lại body 1 và body 2

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In many countries today, people in cities either live alone or in small family
units, rather than in large family groups.
Is this a positive or negative trend?

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It is expected that there will be a higher proportion of older people than that
of young people in many countries in the future.

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Fossil fuel is the main source of energy. In some countries, the use of
alternative sources of energy is encouraged.
To what extent do you think is it a positive or negative development?

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Logic & Hiệu

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“Problems/Causes-Solutions’
In many countries, the quality of life in large cities is becoming worse.
What are the causes for this problem? What measures do you think should be
taken to tackle the problem?
There has been a deterioration in living standards of citizens in metropolitan areas

in various nations. The purpose of this essay is to discuss some of the principal
reasons for this phenomenon, and suggest possible solutions to address the issue.

to toxic chemical waste produced by more and more factories, leading to a variety of
health issues. For example, there has been an ever-increasing number of patients
suffering from cancer and other diseases, which is attributable to the environmental
pollution. Another radical reason is that since the living costs have been on the rise in
many big cities, the quality of life among metropolitans has been affected negatively. For
instance, it is much more difficult for citizens in densely populated cities such as Hanoi,
to afford a house than in the past due to higher prices for everything.
Some methods could be taken into account by the authorities to solve the problem
of the worse life quality. An effective measure is to impose a higher tax charged
on manufacturers whose production waste causes damage to the environment.
Therefore, enterprises are more likely to improve their waste disposal process,
ensuring a better environment for citizens. Another possible solution is to launch
government sponsored campaigns encouraging urban citizens and companies to move to
smaller regional towns.
This would result in lower prices of products in large cities thanks to lower demand
and population density, improving the affordability for citizens and their living
conditions in general.
In conclusion, the environmental degradation and high costs of living are to blame for the
lower quality of life, but tax policies as well as relocation campaigns are efficient
and should be considered to solve the above issue.

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ESSAY TEMPLATE - DIRECT QUESTIONS
Introduction:
Câu 2: Thể hiệnrằng bạnsẽ phântích 2 câuhỏi
Body 1:
Câu 1: 1 câu topic sentence cho câuhỏisố 1
Body 2:
Câu 1: 1 câu topic sentence cho câuhỏisố 2
Conclusion:
Câu 1: tómtắtmộtlầnnữa phần body 1 và 2 để trả lờilại 2 câuhỏi

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Cycling is more environmentally friendly than other forms of transport.
Why is it not popular in many places? How to increase its popularity?

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Logic & Hiệu

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Some businesses find that their new employees lack basic interpersonal skills such
as cooperative skill.
What are the causes of this and suggest possible solutions to this problem?

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More and more young people from wealthy countries are spending a short time
in communities in poorer countries doing unpaid work such as teaching or
building houses.
Why do they do that? Who benefit more from this, the community or these
young people

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UNIT 10- BÀI MẪU IELTS WRITING TASK 2

Topic 1: In many countries, the quality of life in large cities is becoming worse.
What are the causes for this problem? What measures do you think should be
taken to tackle the problem?
There has been a deterioration in living standards of citizens in metropolitan areas

in various nations. The purpose of this essay is to discuss some of the principal reasons
for this phenomenon, and suggest possible solutions to address the issue.

to toxic chemical waste produced by more and more factories, leading to a variety
of health issues. For instance, there has been an ever-increasing number of patients
suffering from cancer and other diseases, which is attributable to the environmental
pollution. Another radical reason is that since the living costs have been on the rise in
many big cities, the quality of life among metropolitans has been affected negatively. To
illustrate, it is much more difficult for citizens in densely populated cities such as Hanoi,
to afford a house than in the past due to higher prices for everything.
Some methods could be taken into account by the authorities to solve the problem
of the worse life quality. An effective measure is to impose a higher tax charged
on manufacturers whose production waste causes damage to the environment.
Enterprises, therefore, are more likely to improve their waste disposal process,
ensuring a better environment for citizens. Another possible solution is to launch
government sponsored campaigns, encouraging urban citizens and companies to move to
smaller regional towns. This would result in lower prices of products in large cities
thanks to lower demand and population density, improving the affordability for citizens
and their living conditions in general.
In conclusion, the environmental degradation and high costs of living are to blame
for the lower quality of life, but tax policies as well as relocation campaigns are
efficient and should be considered to solve the above issue.

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Logic & Hiệu
Topic 2: In many countries, people are spending more hours in the workplace.
What are the reasons?

Is it a positive or negative development.
It is true that people in various parts of the world are spending an increasing amount
of time at work. The purpose of this essay is to analyze some of the main reasons for
this phenomenon, and then explain why this should be considered as progress.
Longer hours are being spent in the workplace due to a combination of factors.
The main reason is that since the job market has become increasingly competitive,
employees have to spend more hours to compete with others. In fact, people in Vietnam,
particularly young graduates, are ready to work overtime to improve their skills;
therefore, preventing them from becoming redundant. Another compelling reason is that
as people place greater emphasis on their career achievements, they spend an ever-
increasing amount of time working to reach their goals. No matter how many hours
they spend, they just work hard towards their targets to gain success.
The trend towards using more time in companies is a very welcome development. At
an individual level, working parents have a chance to earn more money; hence, laying the
foundations for their children’s future. This is because they can take advantage of
their savings to pay for better schools and healthcare services to ensure their children’s
well- rounded development. From a societal perspective, a hard-working workforce
is the determining factor for a thriving economy. Take Japan as a typical example, this
country is famous for hard-working people working late in the evening on a daily basis,
and this has lead to one of the biggest economies in the world.
In conclusion, the competition and greater focus on results are to blame for more
and more time spent at work, and I believe that it is a worthwhile development thanks
to a wide range of benefits for only individuals but also the community.

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Logic & Hiệu
Topic 3: In many countries, people are spending more hours in the workplace.
What are the reasons?

Is it a positive or negative development.
People in various parts of the world are spending an increasing about of time at work.
The purpose of this essay is to analyze some of the main reasons for this phenomenon,
and then explain why this should be considered as progress.
Longer hours are being spent in the workplace due to a combination of factors.
The main reason is that since the job market has become increasingly competitive,
employees have to spend more hours to compete with others. In fact, people in Vietnam,
particularly young graduates, are ready to work overtime to improve their skills;
therefore, preventing them from becoming redundant. Another compelling reason is
that the costs of living have been on the rise in recent years, and people have been under
considerable pressure to earn enough money for their lives. Therefore, they spend much
more time as possible to
work to earn additional wages to support their family and cover basic needs in their lives.
The trend towards using more time in companies is a very welcome development. At
a societal level, employees try to work harder in the competition with others, paving the
way for more motivation for economic growth. It has been exemplified by the incredible
economic development of Vietnam in recent years, which has been attributable to a
productive workforce spending more and more time on their professions. From an
individual perspective, working parents have a chance to earn more money; hence, laying
the foundations for their children’s future. This is because they can take advantage
of their savings to pay for better schools and healthcare services to ensure their
children’s well-rounded development.
In conclusion, the competition at work and higher living costs are to blame for more
and more time spent in the workplace, and this should be seen as a worthwhile
development thanks to a wide range of benefits for not only the society but also future
generations.

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Topic 4: Research shows that business meetings, discussions and training

are happening online nowadays.
Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Some studies have proven that a variety of online business activities such as
meetings, conversations, and training are carried out these days. This essay will
analyze why I believe that the drawbacks of this phenomenon are outweighed by its
merits.
The appearance of more internet-based business activities leads to reduced

productivity and potential health issues. With respect to the former, since people can
get distracted by other online programs, the effectiveness of online conversations will be
affected negatively. To illustrate, various employees cannot maintain a high level of
concentration during their whole online training programs due to advertisements
appearing automatically on computers; hence they miss out on some key points given by
trainers. Regarding the latter, exposure to technological devices to work online would
lead to deleterious health effects. In fact, more and more people have suffered from back
pains, obesity, and eyesight problems in recent years, which has been attributable to much
more time sitting in front of computers to work online as opposed to face-to-face business
activities.
Despite the downsides given above, I still believe that the benefits of working
online are more significant. The first supporting point is that not only organizations
but also workers can save a great deal of money. This is because entrepreneurs and
workers would pay less for facilities like offices, and travelling fees. Furthermore, in
some situations, particularly that require large discussions from people in different
countries, unexpected issues could be tackled faster. One such example of this is that
technical experts working for Mazda car company in the four corners of the world, took
advantage of the Internet to find the best solution for fuel-related problems with new
model cars released in Vietnam last year, unless the image of this company would be
affected.
In conclusion, I would reiterate that the drawbacks of online business, in terms of

the effectiveness and health issues, are eclipsed by the advantages related to less costs
and urgent measures. However, it is recommended that the combination between online
and offline activities are the best option for enterprises and employees.

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Topic 5: Some people work for the same organization all their working life.
Others think that it is better to work for different organizations.
Discuss both sides and give your opinion.
There are those who remain at the same workplace until retirement while the
alternative stance asserts that altering companies is a more viable option. The purpose of
this essay is to discuss both sides of this contentious argument and then explain why I
lean towards the latter view.
A school of thought holds that staying with the same organization for one’s whole
working life is justifiable due to a combination of factors. The main reason is
that
long-term employees have gotten accustomed to their enterprise for an extended period of
time, leading to a profound understanding of how it operates. They, therefore, become
more proficient at work and enjoy a wide range of perks, including better promotion
prospects and incentives. Another compelling reason is that people would have more
chances of recognition, paving the way for greater job security. Several employers, for
instance, decided to dismiss most short-term staff in response to the global financial
meltdown in 2008, but they valued loyalty and ensured positions of long-term ones.
Nonetheless, proponents of job-hopping tend to point out potential merits of

individuals’ independence and varying skills. With respect to the former, if job
hoppers try their hand at different jobs, they would become more independent. This is
because they have opportunities to collaborate with more colleagues and adapt to various
work environments, which motivates them to be flexible and stand by themselves.
Regarding the latter, employees can acquire a variety of skills to become more versatile.
To illustrate, several executives have been working in different fields, and big
cooporations, thus, offer them job opportunities with a lucrative income now as they are
incredibly knowledgeable in all related fields.
To sum up, I believe that both options have merits. However, although the insights into a
particular line of work and loyalty are often highly valued by some entrepreneurs, I
am inclined to believe that people should alter their jobs because of benefits
related to increased self-reliance and expertise in diverse fields.

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Topic 6: Maintaining public libraries is a waste of money since computer

technology can replace their functions.
To what extent you agree or disagree?
Some people argue that it is pointless to spend money maintaining community

centres where books are stored for people to use as most of their functions can be
replaced by modern computers. I completely agree with this point of view because
computers are better in storing information and more convenient for readers than
traditional libraries.
The main reason is that computers are considered as an ideal vehicle for
storing knowledge, which is the main function of brick-and-mortar libraries. This is
because computers with internet access can provide a wealth of information for
readers. The website Wikipedia, for example, acts as a valuable source of information
related to all aspects of life; therefore, people can find online books about the
environment, education, technology, and so on. In fact, an increasingly number of
students in many parts of the world have been taking advantage of their computer to
study at home since they can find a lot of suitable documents on Wikipedia to
carry out research and enrich their knowledge.
Another compelling reason is that computer technology is highly appreciated by

learners thanks to its convenience. The advent of the Internet and computers has
enabled people, irrespective of their location, to find any books without having to go
to the library. Readers, hence, are keen on learning through their computer, and
traditional libraries would have become redundant. To illustrate, many state libraries
in Vietnam have been changed into labs, classrooms, and other public places due to
a decreasing number of library members as modern students, particularly those who
are proficient at computer skills, are indifferent to reading in these areas despite
various campaigns to encourage them to go there.
In conclusion, I strongly believe that computer technology has various benefits when
it comes to information storage and accessibility ; therefore, maintaining public
libraries should be seen as a waste of state budgets.

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Topic 7: Cycling is more environmentally friendly than other transport
Why it is not popular in many countries and how to increase its popularity?
Riding bikes is not widely chosen by people in various parts of the world although it is
far better for the environment than other methods of getting around. This essay will
discuss some of the principal reasons for this unpopularity and then suggest
measures to encourage more cyclists.
People in various nations are indifferent to cycling due to a combination of

factors. The main cause is that riding bicycles is much more time-consuming, and
requires more energy than using motor vehicles. Hence, if people have to travel
anywhere, they would rather choose cars or motorbikes which help them save time
and energy for other purposes, than waste time and efforts riding a bike. Another
radical reason is that since the life has become increasingly competitive and
challenging in various areas, people have become less environmentally conscious.
They, therefore, focus on economic aspects to cover the living cost as opposed to
thinking about riding bikes for the sake of the environment.
Some solutions can be taken into consideration to promote a cycling culture.

An effective method is to launch a bike-sharing scheme, allowing people to use bikes
flexibly without any fees; therefore, they will consider cycling for short and unimportant
journeys. It is exemplified by the success of Amsterdam where the authorities advise
their citizens to take advantage of free bikes in various bike stations, and this leads to
one of the most bicycle-friendly cities all over the world. Another possible
measure is to run environmental campaigns encouraging the whole population
in using bicycles to contribute to the environmental protection. For example, by
carrying out some projects showing the close relationship between cycling and the air
quality, Hanoi has an ever- increasing rate of cyclists this year.
In conclusion, the disadvantage in terms of the inconvenience in comparison with

other modes of transport, coupled with less concern about the environment are to blame
for the indifference to bikes. However, a project for free usage of bicycles and an
environmental program are necessary to promote the popularity of bike users.

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Topic 8: Some people think that printed newspapers are the best way to learn
news. However, others believe that they can learn news better through other media
Discuss both views and give your opinion?
A school of thought holds that the most effective method to keep abreast of
current affairs is to read traditional newspapers while the alternative stance asserts
that other types of media are a better source of information. The purpose of this
essay is to analyze both sides of this contentious argument and then explain why I
agree with the later view.
On the one hand, there are those who think that reading conventional newspapers
is the best way to update news. The principal reason is that printed news is more
accurate and reliable than the online one thanks to rigorous editing process. Paper
news in Vietnam, for instance, is checked carefully by a number of editors to ensure the
accuracy before being published, which protects readers from fake news. Moreover,
there are a variety of advertisements attached to news in other types of media,
distracting readers’attention from important issues. Hence, they miss out on
essential news, particularly those about government policies and the job market,
affecting their lives negatively.
On the other hand, I advocate those who believe that people can take in
information more effectively through other forms of media. The first supporting
point is that they are much more convenient than newspapers, helping readers update
news at the push of a button. If a person has a smartphone, he can have access to huge
storage of knowledge related to different fields on user-generated sites such as Wikipedia
without having to buy a printed version. Another compelling reason is that since news
published on other media platforms is often not only hands-on but also lively,
learners would have a deeper understanding of the news. One such example of this is
that thanks to real pictures and live videos about the Covid- 19 pandemic on TV
channels in Vietnam, all citizens have been made fully aware of the dangers of this
disease, leading to a successful preventive program.
In conclusion, I believe that both options have merits. The other media, however, is
the best information source when it comes to convenience and visual news. As
long as readers focus on the main contents and do not pay attention to ads or unreliable
news, the media is a good vehicle for them to update news.

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Topic 9: In some parts of the world, it is increasingly popular to research the

history of one's own family.
Why do people want to do this?
Is it a positive or negative development?
More and more research is being carried out by people, in several countries in the world,
into the history of their own family. This essay will discuss some of the principal reasons
for the popularity of studies of family history, and then state that it should be considered
as a very welcome development.
The ever-increasing popularity of research on historical aspects of families can

be explained by a combination of factors. The radical reason is that learning
historical events associated with families, helps people avoid a number of problems. For
instance, in some countries such as China and Vietnam, young generations are being
encouraged to find out how their ancestors overcame various issues to lay the
foundations for later generations, which prevents them from similar mistakes. Another
possible reason is that people put more emphasis on family traditions and identities.
Hence, they discover more about what happened with their family in the past to
prevent the values of their origins from erosion.
The trend towards learning more about the history of families is seen as progress.
The first supporting point is that if younger generations know about their family-
related mistakes in the past, they will have a better life. Inherited diseases, in fact, are
less likely to affect citizens now thanks to historical information about health issues
with their predecessors’ lives, leading to higher living standards. Moreover,
studying historical events that happened among a family is an ideal vehicle to
educate the young. To illustrate, by listening to ancient stories given by
grandparents, children have a closer insight into interesting cultures passed on to
different generations; hence, they would take pride in their origins.
In conclusion, the awareness about historical mistakes and family values are to blame for
an increasing number of studies related to the history of families, and this should
be considered as a positive development due to benefits about the better quality of life
and valuable features.

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Topic 10: There are more workers who work from home and more students
who study from home. This is because computer technology is more and more
easily accessible and cheaper.
Thanks to the easier affordability and availability of computers, employees and learners
are able to work and study at home instead of going to their workplace and
educational institutions. This essay will analyze some of the main reasons why I believe
that this trend should be considered as a worthwhile development.
colleagues can be hold any time at home, allowing companies solve urgent problems
faster regardless of the time.
Moreover, studying at home on computers helps students learn effectively in a

comfortable environment. This is because computers equipped with internet access may
provide huge storage of knowledge related to all aspects of life; therefore, paving the way
for new horizons. Also, without control over by teachers, students are more likely to be
more comfortable, which is important for creative ideas. Various students, for example,
choose to study on online websites such as Wikipedia since they can take advantage
of specific information divided into different categories to study logically, and think
outside the box without any pressure from teachers.
In conclusion, I believe that distance learning and working are seen as a very
welcome development because of a higher level of convenience and effectiveness for
both workers and learnes in a comfortable environment.

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Topic 11: There are more workers who work from home and more students who
study from home. This is because computer technology is more and more easily
accessible and cheaper.
Thanks to the easier affordability and availability of computers, employees and

learners are able to work and study at home instead of going to their workplace and
educational institutions. This essay will analyze some of the main reasons why I believe
that this trend should be considered as a worthwhile development.
colleagues can be hold any time at home, allowing companies solve urgent problems
faster regardless of the time.
Moreover, distance learning, promoted by computer technology, has great potential

to widen educational opportunities to more students, particularly those who are
living in remote areas. In fact, many countries choose to invest in computers and the
Internet in regional locations to educate rural students at home, rather than building more
schools and hiring more teachers, leading more opportunities for learners. To illustrate,
such program has proved to be successful in Vietnam as the number of illiterate children
has been on the decrease. This success has been attributable to the appearance
of computers provided by the government, which help students approach virtual
lessons easily unless they would drop off schools due to geographical constraints.
In conclusion, I believe that working or studying from home are a welcome development
because workers benefit from the convenience and students in remote locations also have
easier access to education.

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Topic 12: Nowadays, many families have both parents working. Some working
parents believe other family members like grandparents can take care of their
children, while others think childcare centers provide the best care.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
A school of thought holds that children having both parents working, should be
looked after by other members of the family, while the alternative stance asserts that
childcare centers are the best option for their offspring. The purpose of this essay is to
discuss both sides of the contentious argument and then explain why I agree with the
latter view.
On the one hand, there are those who believe that mothers and fathers can ask
other members of their family for childcare support. The main reason is that since
some members, particularly grandparents, have already experienced parenthood, they
could take advantage of their parenting skills to look after their offspring properly. For
instance, if children suffer from minor health problems, they can use traditional methods
to protect children as opposed to taking medicine which may take its toll on children’s
health in the long term due to side effects. Moreover, family members often take care of
their flesh and blood in earnest, which dispels any worries about violence against
children that might occur in daycare centers. This, therefore, ensures the emotional and
physical development of children.
On the other hand, I advocate the view that parents should send their children
to childcare centers. The first supporting point is that staff and teachers are proficient
at childcare as most of them have been well educated about this job in
educational institutions. Hence, they have suitable teaching methods to encourage
children’s strengths and limit their weaknesses, which may benefit children in their later
life. Another reason is that children can develop interpersonal and other vital skills
by various interactive activities with their teachers and peers. One such example of this is
that babies studying in kindergartens are often more talkative and and have better
communication skills than those just staying at home with their older generations.
In conclusion, I believe that both options are justifiable. However, on balance,

although family members have advantages related to their experience and efforts, I am
inclined to believe that children should be taken to pre-school centers to have the most
appropriate care and develop essential skills.

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Topic 13: Some people think the government funding should not be used
for supporting art and culture, while others think supporting cultural activities
may be beneficial for the population and culture.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
Many are of the belief that art and culture - related projects should not be funded by the
state, while others think that the society and culture benefit from government-
sponsored cultural campaigns. This essay will discuss both sides of the argument, and
then explain why I agree with the latter view.
Critics tend to point out a host of reasons why it is not necessary to allocate
state budgets for activities associated with art and culture. The main reason is that
since other urgent projects have not been tackled, it is not suitable to pay money for
artistic or cultural activities. For instance, if the authorities use financial
resources for the construction of more schools in rural areas as opposed to culture,
more and more regional students will approach education instead of dropping off
schools due to financial problems. Moreover, investing in science to create new
inventions is more important than promoting traditional culture. This is because
scientific research, mostly prompted by the government, acts as a determining factor to
boost the economy, paving the way for better living standards for the whole population.
However, a school of thought holds that financing cultural campaigns

brings benefits to not only the community but also the culture. The first supporting
point is that the population would get closer to each other when taking part in cultural
activities, leading to a more meaningful life. One such example of this is that on tet
holiday, people in Vietnam often gather in public areas to celebrate the new year
together by watching firework displays funded by national budgets. Another viable
reason is that in order to maintain the cultural diversity, it is vital to support
cultural projects financially. By organising various festivals, the authorities may
encourage their citizens from different cultures to exchange and preserve valuable
features passed on to many generations.
In conclusion, I believe that both options are justifiable. However, on balance, I

am inclined to believe that the financial assistance from the state will be an ideal
way to connect inhabitants and preserve interesting cultural aspects.

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Topic 14: Nowadays, some employers think that formal academic qualifications
are more important than life experience or personal qualities when they look for
new employees.
Why is it the case? Is it a positive or negative development?
These days, the importance of official academic degrees are often valued over
practical experience or special characteristics when employers seek new candidates. This
essay will discuss some of the main reasons for this, and then explain why it should be
considered as a negative development.
The preference for formal academic certificates is explained by a combination

of factors. First and foremost, since academic degree holders often have in-depth
knowledge about a particular major, they are more likely to work more effectively.
Samsung, for instance, has gained a leading edge in telecommunications by hiring
graduates with the látest 5G knowledge. Moreover, a qualification is also seen as an
important indication of efforts and intelligence after many difficult experiences at
college. Hence, companies often prioritise these graduates whose levels of
determination and cleverness have been verified by teachers as opposed to other
counterparts.
This phenomenon has a number of downsides. A compelling reason is that people with
hands-on experience and personal attributes would have great potential to contribute
to any organisations. To illustrate, if workers possess problem solving and teamwork
skills, they can adapt to a new environment and cooperate with colleagues faster to deal
with all issues in their company. To illustrate, although academic graduates have a
profound understanding of their field, it does mean that they have high levels of
competence at work. This has been exemplified by the high rate of unemployment
among university graduates in Vietnam due to their lack of practical experience.
In conclusion, recruiters attach more emphasis to academic qualifications owing to

the belief in the necessity of candidate’s knowledge and verification of
educational institutions, and this should be considered as a very negative trend because it
is a real pity to underestimate the value of practical experience and special qualities.

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Topic 15: Nowadays, some employers think that formal academic qualifications
are more important than life experience or personal qualities when they look for
new employees.
Why is it the case? Is it a positive or negative development?
These days, the importance of official academic degrees are often valued over
practical experience or special characteristics when employers seek new candidates. This
essay will discuss some of the main reasons for this, and then explain why it should be
considered as a very welcome development.
The preference for formal academic certificates is explained by a combination

of factors. First and foremost, since academic degree holders often have in-depth
knowledge about a particular major, they are more likely to work more effectively.
Samsung, for instance, has gained a leading edge in telecommunications by hiring
graduates with the látest 5G knowledge. Moreover, a qualification is also seen as an
important indication of efforts and intelligence after many difficult experiences at
college. Hence, companies often prioritise these graduates whose levels of
determination and cleverness have been verified by teachers as opposed to other
counterparts.
The trend towards putting more importance on academic degrees than other factors
can be seen as progress. The first supporting point is that academic knowledge is
the root of scientific breakthroughs, which are vitally important in any fields. By
hiring pharmacists graduating from famous universities, medical companies in
Vietnam has created new medicine-related inventions, contributing to a better
healthcare system. Another radical reason is that the priority for academic graduates
would encourage young generations to apply themselves to improve their knowledge.
This could result in a more well-educated workforce, which paves the way for a thriving
economy.
In conclusion, recruiters attach more emphasis to academic qualifications owing to

the belief in the necessity of knowledge and determination verified by teachers, and
this should be a positive trend because scientifically proven inventions and a
productive workforce bring tremendous benefits to the society.

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Topic 16: Some people think that a huge amount of time and money is spent on
the protection of wild animals, and this money could be better spent on the
human population.
Some people argue that it is better to invest in the human race as opposed to wild
animal conservation which is not only time-consuming but also expensive. I
somewhat agree with this viewpoint because spending on humans is more important,
but time and money should also be used for wild animal protection.
On the one hand, time and financial resources need to be better allocated to
the population for a combination of reasons. First and foremost, in most countries,
there are still disadvantaged and homeless people who are struggling to survive due
to their poor financial health. They, therefore, need time and financial support from the
state to overcome their problems and improve living standards. Furthermore, since
education acts as a key determiner in the socio-economic development, more time and
budgets need to be spent on educational institutions. This would, in turn, create a civilized
society and a thriving economy, which is conducive to a better life for the whole
population.
On the other hand, I believe that time and funding for animal-related projects are
also of necessity. The first supporting point is that as some wild animals are highly
endangered, the authorities should spend a minimal level of expenditure and time on
protecting animals from extinction. Hence, this may contribute to the diversity of the
ecology with a variety of species having diversified genes. Another compelling reason is
that animals are living side by side with us, and we have gotten used to the appearance
of them. Therefore, human’s lives would be much less meaningful and interesting in
the absence of animals.
In conclusion, although humans are the first priority for any investment to improve
their life quality, spending on protecting animals is also justified for some reasons. It
seems to me that apart from budgets for humans, a suitable amount of money and time
should be spent on the protection of animals, particularly those which are on the brink of
extinction.

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Topic 17: The skills that a person needs to be truly successful in the world today
are not learned at universities.
To what extent do you agree or disagree
It is argued that these days, characteristics which are conducive to success, are
often cultivated in real life as opposed to in higher education. I completely agree with this
point of view because activities outside universities are an ideal vehicle to improve
essential skills, and universities almost only focus on theoretical knowledge.
The main reason why I agree with this statement is that people are often
equipped with practical skills in other areas instead of at college. For example, career
success is one of the most common ways to be generally successful and skills to
achieve this are best learnt at work, not at university. If people work for a company,
they will have a chance to be a member of a team, which helps them improve their
communication and teamwork skills for a successful career. Hence, in order to
become successful, people need to be equipped with a variety of skills through
practical situations in their lives as opposed to relying on knowledge from tertiary
education.
Another compelling reason is that higher education often places emphasis on

theoretical lessons rather than important life skills. This is because learning academic
knowledge is considered to be time-consuming and difficult; hence, students do not have
enough time to learn other useful skills. It has been exemplified by the high level
of unemployment among young graduates in Vietnam, who have been not able to find a
job due to the lack of experience and job- related qualifications. This has been linked
apart to the ineffective education system forcing learners to study a lot of subjects
instead of encouraging them in extracurricular activities to accumulate other skills.
In conclusion, the life outside colleges provide the best conditions for people to hone their
attributes to gain success because tertiary education only attaches importance to academic
lessons. It seems to me that a combination between some organizations and universities
will be the best method to help students become more well-rounded, which paves the way
for more success in the future.

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Topic 18: Students should be taught academic knowledge so that they can pass
pass academic tests, rather than, wasting time educating cooking, dressing and other life
skills are essential and need to be educated.
On the one hand, academic lessons are necessary for a combination of reasons.
First and foremost, students would possess good academic results when solely
concentrating on core lessons, paving the way for a lucrative career thanks to
preferences for academic degrees among employers. Big enterprises in Vietnam, for
instance, often prioritise candidates with excellent certificates when looking for new
staff. Another compelling reason is that academic education is not only challenging
but also time-consuming while most other skills can be learnt at home. Classes
associated with academic knowledge, therefore, should take precedence over any other
skills unless it is impossible for learners to pass exams.
One the other hand, I am convinced that educational institutions should encourage
students in taking part in non-academic skills. The main supporting point is that
if students are proficient at life skills, they are more comprehensive, leading to a better
life. One such example of this is that they would take advantage of communication
and teamwork skills cultivated from extracurricular activities at school to interact
with colleagues and customers, which is conducive to more achievements and
closer relationships. Furthermore, young people may become more self-reliant
after their graduation because they are equipped with fundamental skills at school. To
illustrate, a number of university students find it difficult to live alone as they cannot
take care of themselves in the absence of parents due to poor cooking skills.
To sum up, I believe that despite tremendous merits of academic subjects associated with
job opportunities and school records, learners should study other skills to become
more well-rounded and independent.

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Topic 19: In the past, knowledge was contained in books. Nowadays, knowledge
is uploaded to the internet.
Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?
Knowledge = information, outweigh =eclipse =prevail over/ books = physical

books/ uploaded/updated/the internet =online websites
It is true that most information today is often updated on online websites as opposed
to traditional books which were widely used in the past. This essay will explain
why I believe that the merits of this trend are overshadowed by its obvious drawbacks.
The transformation from storing knowledge in traditional books to online platforms

is advantageous for a combination of reasons. First and foremost, the advent of
technological devices with internet access has allowed people to upload huge storage
of knowledge related to different fields. Users, for instance, can easily find
relevant information on space exploration from a wide range of sources such as
Wikipedia. Furthermore, online knowledge is often universally accessible, widening
great potential for more and more readers to access to knowledge. People living in
faraway areas, in fact, are often reluctant to go to libraries or book stores to buy a new
edition of a book due to geographical boundaries, while they would, however, read an
online version, regardless of their location.
Despite the benefits given above, the downsides associated with the widespread
popularity of online knowledge are more significant. The principal negative point is
that this would lead to an over reliance on computers and other technological devices,
resulting in various health issues. It is exemplified by an ever-increasing number of
shortsighted children in recent years, which has been attributable to more and more time
reading lessons online rather than taking in knowledge from books. Another compelling
reason is that as people are entitled to update information by different ways, readers may
find it hard to find the most reliable source. Therefore, they may choose inaccurate
knowledge which is either deliberately exaggerated or altered for immoral purposes on
the Internet.
In conclusion, I would like to restate that the merits associated with more
opportunities for readers to lean a wealth of information, irrespective of their country,
are prevailed by its disadvantages related to health problems and unreliable knowledge.

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Topic 20: Some people think that developing countries need financial aid from
international organizations. Others think that advice and practical aid are more
important.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
A school of thought holds that financial assistance from global organizations are
of importance for less developed nations while the alternative stance asserts that
opinions and practical actions are more necessary for such countries. The purpose of
this essay is to discuss both sides of the contentious argument and then explain why
I agree with the latter view.
On the one hand, there are those who think that worldwide corporations should
support developing communities financially. The main reason is that since the quality
of life in such societies has been deteriorated, they need money to invest in better
facilities for a better life. The living standards in Vietnam, for instance, have been
improved dramatically in recent years thanks to loans from the IMF to pay for more
hospitals, schools, and other social services. Another compelling reason is that the
government can take advantage of new financial resources to pump into industrial zones,
encouraging more and more factories. Therefore, citizens have more employment
opportunities for their living, which is conductive to a better society.
On the other hand, I advocate the view that comments and practical acts play a
more important role in helping poorer nations. The first supporting point is that
most developing societies do not have good policies due to their shortage of experts
in core fields. Hence, ideas and comments of professionals from worldwide
organizations, who are proficient at their fields, are valuable for these communities
for suitable long-term decisions. Moreover, if those countries face with some
urgent situations, practical support is more necessary than money. To illustrate, the
Ebola pandemic has been eliminated from Africa thanks to the appearance of
hundreds of doctors from the World Health Organization, unless it would have killed
millions of people.
In conclusion, I believe that both options have merits. However, I am inclined

to believe that developing nations need experience and practical help for their long
term development and solve emergency circumstances.

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VOCABULARY
WORK- EDUCATION
Vocabulary
Detail Example
(Paraphrase)
company/ factory/
công ty, xí nghiệp, đơn
enterprise/ business/ vị kinh doanh, tổ chức,
firm/ organization/ Multi-national companies often place
tập đoàn. importance on degrees; therefore,
corporation
job
multinational/ seekers with good academic
international/ foreign performances, would have a clear
(a) nước ngoài/ nội địa
advantage when looking for a
local/ domestic (a) job.
employer / recruiter / người sử dụng lao

manager/ owner/ boss/ động, tuyểndụng, quản
director/ superior lý, chủ sở hữu/
employee/ staff / job nhân viên, ngườitìm If employees who work in a positive
seeker/ subordinate việc, cấpdưới working environment with good
managers, often have a higher sense of
highly qualified/skilled những nhân viên giỏi, job satisfaction than those working
staff/ professionals chuyên gia giỏi
with uncooperative colleagues.
job hunter/ job hopper ngườitìm, nhảy việc
Job satisfaction/ sự hàilòngvề công

motivation việc/ động lực
permanent job/ côngviệc lâu dài

stable job
temporary job/
unstable job côngviệctạm thời Most candidates often look for
permanent jobs as opposed to
promotion prospect triểnvọng thăngtiến temporary ones, paving the way for
career prospect triểnvọng nghề nghiệp long-term promotion prospects and
sự đảmbảovề công recognitions.
job security
recognition việc
incentive/ bonus sự công nhận

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ph$nthuδng
Job hoppers now are trying to

work experience kinh nghiem làmviec accumulate a great deal of work
accumulate (v) experience in different organizations,
tích lu$
pension huu trí rather than, thinking about a stable
job with a pension after their
retire (v), retirement ve huu retirement
age.
an increasingly thj trudng lao d?ng

competitive job market ngày càng canhtranh As the global job market has become
nen kinh te increasingly competitive, having
athriving phδnthjnh d$t nu6c a well-educated workforce is a
economy phδnthjnh clear advantage to create a
thriving
aprosperous luc luqng lao d?ng economy and a prosperous nation.
nation duqcdiotaotδt
a well-educated
workforce
Many people apply themselves to
Job opportunities cσ h?iviec làm develop practical skills to become
versatile (a) da din 迁 ng more versatile, and then flock to
flexible (a) linh hoat densely populated cities in search
of more job opportunities.
Longer working hours and higher

levels of stress are caused by/ stem
from/ derive from poor working
Working conditions dieukien làmviec conditions and problem-solving
skills. Hence, providing superior
working
conditions are a prerequisite
for superior performance
As women often take maternity

leave, they have less opportunities
maternity leave nghi thai s 乱 n to have top-level positions/
executive- level roles.
academic subjects/ Students attach importance to

lessons/ classes/ mônhQc thu 关 t academic subjects, which is
education believed to bring tremendous
ket qu 乱 contribution to
academic cácmônhQc thu 关 t
performance/ results/ their latter life; however, employers
standards are looking for candidates with
practical knowledge which is
practical knowledge kien th 女 c, kinh better honed through other
nghiem thucte activities.
hands-on experience
Academic subjects are considered to
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realistic knowledge be the key determiner to students’
future career.
Proficient staff may pass on
graduates their hands-on experience to
người đã tốtnghiệp young
postgraduates graduates.
ngư ờ ichư atố tnghiệ p
undergraduates Young graduates may grasp great
potential opportunities to learn
from highly skilled executives.
universities
higher education
giáo dục đạihọc Knowledge at university is believed to
tertiary education bring fundamental contributions to
third level education their future career.
educational institutions cơ sở giáo dục
education system hệ thốnggiáodục thanks to the new school curriculum,

students in Japan are able to take part
school curriculum chương trình giáo dục in more extracurricular activities to
become more comprehensive, leading
extracurricular hoạt động ngoại khoá to one of the best education systems
activities in the world.
if the government abolishes
highger education tuition fees,
tuition fees học phí more and
more students have opportunities to
have a university degree.
Due to intense study schedules,
intense/ study students do not have enough time to
lịchhọc dày đặc
hectic take part in extracurricular
schedules activities.
As a language is not just a group

of spoken words but the key to
someone’s culture; hence, the annual
extinction of many languages is a
the annual extinction sự mất đinhiềungôn
of many languages ngữ hàng năm considerable problem. ( Source: Chris)
The teaching of languages and local

languages are actually mutually-
reinforcing developments. (
Source:

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BC)
offline classes
face-to-face classes
brick-and-mortar It is argued that E-learning should
education take precedence over brick-and-
lớphọc trực tiếp mortar education because students
traditional classes
can improve communication skills
physical classrooms
through interactive activities in face-
virtual education to-face classes.
web-based classes
E-learning

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SOCIETY
Vocabulary
Detail Example
(Paraphrase)
If young people are entitled to

awareness courses, they will be more
Social evils ten?nxã h?i aware of social evils such as drug
and alcohol addiction/ abuse.
socio-economic (a) kinh texã h?i If the authorities allocate more

financial resources to education,
they will create a civilized society
invest in and a
well-educated workforce, leading
pump money into to many socio-economic benefits.
pour money into
allocate financial dành tien cho cii gì d6
resources to The flow of migrant money has a
huge socio-economic impact on the
setup a special fund to receiving nations as they can invest
setup state funding for in starting up companies. (source:
official guide to ielts)
older generations the he lbntuδi

ancestors tδ tiên
offspring con cái
h 关 u due, con cái Research into/on the history of a
descendants nguditre family helps young generations
youngsters realize various difficulties their
the he tre ancestors
young generations trenhδ experienced to lay the
toddlers foundations for their offspring.
tre sσ sinh
infants tuδitrubckhidihQc
preschool age
negative behaviour since parents do not instill the

values of respect and civility into
deference = hành vitiêu cuc their
respect children, they might have
negative behaviour on a daily
civility = politeness basis.
optimum/ optimal In the fast-paced world, working

living conditions dieukiensδngtδiuu parents tend to try their hand at
different jobs to earn money and

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create optimum living conditions for

their children.
rights and young generations have their own
quyề nlợ ivà nghĩ avụ
responsibilities rights and responsibilities.
disadvantaged thiệt thòi
a new educational program has been
underprivileged không may mắn setup for economically disadvantaged
vô gia cư students. ( source: từ điển cambridge)
homeless
national budgets should be better spent
the general public’s
on healthcare and campaigns to
health sức khoẻ cộng đồng
motivate healthy lifestyles for the
the societal health sake of the general public’s health.
apublic awareness
campaign
a public awareness campaign would
a government be effective to raise awareness among
những chiếndịch tuyên
sponsored awareness truyền people about the depletion of
campaign natural resources and then they
would use
apublic education alternative energy sources.
program
wealth inequality
sự chênh lệch giàu the state should impose some policies
income disparity/ nghèo to reduce wealth inequality.
difference
family bonds/relations/ mốiquan hệ gia đình parents should encourage children in

relationships taking part in family bonding
những hoạt độnggắn activities to strengthen their family
family bonding relationships.
activities kết gia đình
as the cost of living has been on the

high living costs rise, parents tend to be caught up in
chiphí sốngtăng cao
the cost of living their jobs and do not have enough
time for their family.
small family units
nuclear families Many people choose to live in nuclear
extended families families, leading to further
generational gaps
multigenerational
families

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generational gaps
the gap between family
members
In the past, fathers often took on the
role of breadwinners while
mothers assumed household
chores, but the
household chores c ô ngviệ cnộ itrợ recent decades have seen a reverse
trend in the roles of genders due to
the growing financial contribution of
women. To illustrate, some females
choose to go to work while males
accept the role of househusbands.
parenting skills kỹ năng làm cha mẹ
some young married couples decide to
childbearing sinh nở delay their childbearing due to their
lack of parenting skills.
parenthood thờikỳ làm chamẹ
The high-speed of
modern lifestyles
the fast-paced lifestyle lốisống nhanh
we are living in a multicultural
society with a fast-paced lifestyle.
the fast pace of life
Multicultural society xã hội đavăn hoá

As citizensof the global village, we
the global village
cannot ignore our obligationsto
toàncầu hoá
the globalisation others ( source: cambridge dictionary)

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GOVERNMENT
Vocabulary
Detail Example
(Paraphrase)
the government chính phủ

new policies would be counter-
the state nhà nước productive if the government does
the authorities chính quyền not value the benefits of the society
over
policies chính sách upper social classes.
state coffers
ngân khố quốcgia The excessive investment in railway
national budgets
lines would result in state deficits;
budget deficits thâmhụtngân sách hence, putting more burden on
national coffers.
budget surplus thặng dư ngân sách
industrialised countries những nước đã phát

developed nations triển
developing countries những nước đang phát Industrial resources would migrate
less developed nations triển from developed nations to
những nướckémphát underdeveloped ones, leading to a
underdeveloped mutually-reinforcing developments.
countries triển.
xã hội phụ thuộcvào
agriculturally based nông nghiệp
societies
The state should levy a tariff on

fast food.
tax
thuế Junk food should be taxed at
tariff a higher rate.
(Source: Chris)

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TECHNOLOGY/ MEDIA/ ADVERTISING
Vocabulary
Detail Example
(Paraphrase)
a dependence on The widespread popularity of

technology technology would encourage a
phụ thuộcvào công dependence on technological
an over reliance on nghệ
overly addicted to devices, which is to blame for
technological devices a variety of health problems.
The advent of more technological

an ever increasing use việc sử dụng công
of technology breakthroughs would lead to an ever
nghệ nhiều increasing use of technology.
traditional newspapers
báotruyềnthống, báo
conventional news giấy
printed news
social media The growing popularity of online

news keeps readers up to date
online platforms tintức trênnềntảng with latest information associated
online news/ websites online with a variety of fields, but some
reporters
internet-based news
often exaggerate or even distort
exaggerate (v) phóng đại their news in order to draw attention
from
distort (v) xuyêntạc more audiences.
convey / broadcast (v) truyền đạt thôngtin
disseminate (v) truyền đạt thôngtin
The Internet provides users with

a wealth of online
access to a wealth of
information
rấtnhiều thôngtin information associated with
huge storage/volume different fields.
of knowledge
readers can tap into limitless sources
of information on the Internet.
readers can keep abreast of current
keep abreast of cập nhật những tintức affairs on newspapers.
current affairs mớinhất
up-to-date information thôngtin cập nhật It keeps readers up to date on/with
new developments.

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state-of-the-art (a)
Computers have brought cutting-edge
cutting-edge (a) hiện đại, thờithượng technology into the classroom (
high-tech (a) source: cambridge dictionary)
outdated (a) the obsolete technology has a

obsolete (a) cũ kỹ, lỗithời stultifying effect on the development
of this company.
old-fashioned (a)
advertising
advertisements quảng cáo
commercials
advertising companies often have to
commercial breaks pay high marketing costs for short
quảng cáo giữa giờ commercial breaks to advertise the
commercial campaigns
các chiếndịch quảng attributes and functions of their
advertising campaigns bá products.
promotional programs
marketing budgets/ ngân sách, chiphí

costs quảng cáo
Through various promotional

consumerism tiêudùng quá nhiều programs, companies introduce their
products to customers, which may
throw-away society mộtxã hội lãng phí result in consumerism and a
throw- away society.
sedentary lifestyle mộtlốisống thụ động The escalating popularity of

tươngtác trực tiếp technology may encourage a
direct interaction
dependence on technological
physical activities hoạt động thể chất devices, which is often to blame for
a sedentary lifestyle and the lack of
physical activities. One such
example of this is that youngsters
immerse in (v) đắm chìmvàocáigì đó often
immerse themselves in online
programs, rather than, playing sports
with their friends as they did in the
past.

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BUSINESS
Vocabulary
Detail Example
(Paraphrase)
Developing commercial revenues

has become more challenging for
airports due to a combination of
factors, such as increased
commercial revenues doanh thu thương mại competition from internet shopping
and new security procedures that
have had an impact on dwell time
of passengers. ( The official guide
to ielts)
soft skills are one of the

determining factors taken into
consideration when employers looking
for new candidates.
nhữngyếutố quyết
determining factors
định Transport system is considered as
one of the key determiners taken
into consideration by investors
when looking for potential
business markets
The global economic meltdown lead

The global economic sự suy thoáikinhtế to various problems s
meltdown/ downturn among disadvantaged due to th
their financial health. e
poor
multinational
companies
multinational companies often
international
companies công ty đaquốcgia exaggerate the attributes and
functions of their products;
global companies hence, gullible customers would
worldwide companies buy
unnecessary items.
gullible customers những kháchhàng khờ

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kh?o
exaggerate (v) ph6ngd?i hoá
printed newspapers
traditional news is often more
traditional news báo truyen thδng reliable than online versions thanks
to the rigorous editing process.
conventional news

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CRIME
Vocabulary
Detail Example
(Paraphrase)
Educational level
Educational n ề ntả nghọ cvấ n
background
People argue that educational level is
prisoners a key determiner of potential
inmaters criminal behaviour, leading many to
suggest reorienting prisons to focus on
criminals helping inmaters earn degrees
tù nhân
offenders
người phạmtội ( source: howtodoielts.com)
lawbreakers
wrongdoers
convicts
offender profiles It is difficult for an ex-prisoner to
hồ sơ phạmtội
criminal records find a job due to his criminal record.
break the law (v)

commit a crime (v) phạmtội
Criminals who commit crimes need
comit an offence (v) to be imprisoned for their illegal
crime activities unless they will continue to
tội ác break the law.
illegal activities
hành viphipháp
offense
prison/ jail sentences
death penalties
hình phạttù
capital punishments
capital punishments should be
sentence criminals to tử hình applied for serious criminals, such
dealth (v) xâmhạitình dục as murderers and rapists, to
capital offence eliminate them from society.
sexual offences
murderers kẻ giếtngười

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rapists kehiepdâm
weapons vi khí
vi khí hoi hQc The new agreement between many
chemical weapons countries would hinder them
nuclear weapons vi khí h?t nh$n from using nuclear weapons.
vi khí sinh hQc
biological weapons
social evils ten?nxã h?i

drug abuse l?m dung matuý Low-educated youngsters are often
nghien ruQu not fully aware of social evils such
alcohol addiction as drug abuse or alcohol addiction,
which might, therefore, lead to a
juvenile delinquency ph?mt?ivj higher level of juvenile delinquency.
crime prevention thànhniên chδng l?
it?i ph?m
if prisoners are educated through
government awareness courses and vocational
sponsored awareness nh 住 ng khoá hQcve programs, they would be aware
courses nh 关 nthhc of their mistakes and cultivate
vocational dio t?onghe fundamental skills to look for good
training/ courses jobs to become productive members
vocational education of society after being released.
defendants bj cáo
victims The defendant is accused
n?n nhân of/charged with a range of crimes,
from theft to
be accused of murder. ( source: cambridge
bj cáo bu?c dictionary)
be charged with

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ENVIRONMENT/ ANIMALS
Vocabulary (Paraphrase) Detail Example
climate change biến đổi khí hậu

global warming sự nóng lên toàncầu
global warming may lead to
global temperature nhiệt độ toàncầu the rise in sea levels.
ocean/ sea levels mựcnướcbiển
flood prevention techniques phương pháp chống lụt

The government should
sự phá huỷ nặng nề consider previously used flood
massive destructions
nhữ ngsự kiệ nthờ itiế t prevention techniques to limit
extreme climatic events massive destructions of
khắcnghiệt
droughts floods.
khô hạn
environmental pollution
environmental contamination
ô nhiễmmôitrường
environmental damage
environmental risks
environmental degradation
environmental deterioration chấtlượng môitrường
the degradation/ deterioration đi xuống
Fossil fuels are to blame for the
of environmental quality environmental contamination;
hence, the government
fossil fuels encourages people in using
fossil-based fuels more and more renewable
energy sources which cause
carbon-rich fuels less CO2 emissions to the
carbon-intensive energy năng lượng hoá thạch environment.
green energy năng lượng bềnvững
sustainable energy
renewable energy
alternative energy
exhausted emissions/ fumes

khí thải CO2
greenhouse/ CO2 emissions

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non-biodegradable (a) không the phân

huy không the The throw-away society is
unrecyclable (a) the root of many problems
táit?o due to the increasing use
biodegradable (a) of non-
recyclable (a) có the phân huy biodegradable materials.
có the táit?o
energy crisis
khing ho 子 ng n 气 ng
energy shortage luqng
energy scarcity The government should
allow companies to find
untapped energy resources
in response to the current
previously unexplored areas energy crisis.
untouched areas nh 计 ng nσi chua
khim phá
untapped resources
nh 计 ng nσikh6ng due to harsh living

inhabitable environment the sδng duqc conditions, many are of the
inhospitable belief that we should find
dieukiensδng other habitable
environment kh$c nghiet environments to ensure
harsh living conditions our survival.
phuσng phiptiet
energy-saving methods kiem n 气 ng luqng
People are using some
v 气 n hoitu cung energy- saving methods to
a culture of self-sufficiency ensure a
tuc$p m?t nguδncung stable and affordable power
a stable and affordable n 气 ng luqng supply.
power supply. δndjnhvà hqp lý
The use of diesel

diesel generators d?ng cσ diesel generators would lead to
significant
carbon emissions.
M?t keho?ch, Take an urban bike-sharing
An urban bike-sharing chuσng trình s 让 scheme which was
scheme (n) dung xed?p chung considered /regarded /
known as an
answer to the threats of air
Nh 计 ng mδide do? pollution and consumerism in
Threats of air pollution liên quantbi ô nhi 含 Copenhagen as atypical
and consumerism m example, the city council
không khí và tiêu launched a variety of
dùng quidi.
campaigns to encourage
Environmentally conscious citizens in using shared
= environmentally friendly Thânthien vbimôi bicycles on streets. Therefore,
trudng, it
quantâmvbi

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môitrường became one the two most
cycle-friendly capitals where
Những thành phố inhabitants are aware of the
A cycle-friendly capitals khuyến khích ngườisử importance of
dụng xe đạp environmentally friendly
vehicles such as
bicycles. ( source: Cam 15)
Thuộcvề tổ tiên As these ancestral species

Ancestral (a), ancestors (n) settled on the individual
Môitrườngsống đặc islands, the different
Unique environment populations adapted to their
biệt
unique environments, giving
rise to at least 14 subspecies.
In the absence of predators Không có thú ănthịt
( Source: Cambridge)
This historical exploitation

Historical exploitation (n) sự khaithác lịch sử was exacerbated when settlers
came to the islands. They
phá huỷ môitrường destroyed their habitat to clear
Destroy the habitat
sống land for agriculture.
(Cambridge)
Endangered (a)
The regeneration of an
endangered species (n) Nguy cơ tuyệt chủng
Some wild animals are
On the verge/ brink of highly endangered; hence,
extinction the
government need to invest in
những chiếndịch bảo conservation programs to
conservation programs prevent them from extinction.
vệ độngvật
wild animals độngvậthoang dã
thuốc được chiết xuất

animal-derived medicine từ độngvật animal-derived medicine
should be banded because we
flora thựcvật can use alternative sources of
medicine.
fauna độngvật

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MỤC LỤC
Ldi n6i dδu .............................................................................................................................2
TδNG QUAN V2 IELTS WRITING...............................................................................................3
GIỚI THIỆU.................................................................................................................................................3
IELTS WRITING TASK 1.............................................................................................................2
UNIT 1: PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI LINE GRAPH..............................................................................3
UNIT 2: THỰC HÀNH DẠNG BÀI LINE, BAR, PIE, TABLE CÓ XU HƯỚNG.............................18
UNIT 3: THỰC HÀNH DẠNG BAR, PIE, TABLE - KHÔNG CÓ XU HƯỚNG..............................35
UNIT 4: THỰC HÀNH DẠNG BÀI MAP & PROCESS.......................................................................50
IELTS WRITING TASK 2...........................................................................................................58
CÁC CẤU TRÚC CẦN CÓ ĐỂ VIẾT ESSAY .....................................................................................62
UNIT 5: WRITING TASK 2 ....................................................................................................................67
What extent do you agree or disagree .....................................................................................................67

Thực hành & Bài t 关 p ....................................................................................................................................................71
Unit 6: IELTS WRITING TASK 2..........................................................................................................75
“Discuss both views and gives your opinion”..........................................................................................75

Thực hành & Bài t 关 p ....................................................................................................................................................77
UNIT 7: IELTS WRITING TASK 2 .......................................................................................................81
“Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages’ ..................................................................................81

Thực hành & Bài t 关 p ....................................................................................................................................................83
“Positive or Negative development” ........................................................................................................87

Thực hành & Bài t 关 p ....................................................................................................................................................91
“Problems/Causes-Solutions’ ...................................................................................................................97
Thực hành & Bài t 关 p ....................................................................................................................................................99
UNIT 10- BÀI MẪU IELTS WRITING TASK 2 ................................................................................105

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Topic 1: In many countries, the quality of life in large cities is becoming worse ............................105
What are the causes for this problem? What measures do you think should be taken to tackle the
problem?...................................................................................................................................................105
Topic 2: In many countries, people are spending more hours in the workplace...............................106
What are the reasons?.............................................................................................................................106
Is it a positive or negative development ...............................................................................................106
Topic 3: In many countries, people are spending more hours in the workplace...............................107
What are the reasons?.............................................................................................................................107
Is it a positive or negative development ...............................................................................................107
Topic 4: Research shows that business meetings, discussions and training are happening online
nowadays ................................................................................................................................................108
Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? ................................................................108
Topic 5: Some people work for the same organization all their working life. Others think that it is
better to work for different organizations ...........................................................................................109
Discuss both sides and give your opinion...............................................................................................109
Topic 6: Maintaining public libraries is a waste of money since computer technology can replace
their functions .........................................................................................................................................110
To what extent you agree or disagree? .................................................................................................110
Topic 7: Cycling is more environmentally friendly than other transport..........................................111
Why it is not popular in many countries and how to increase its popularity?..................................111
Topic 8: Some people think that printed newspapers are the best way to learn news. However,
others believe that they can learn news better through other media..................................................112
Discuss both views and give your opinion?...........................................................................................112
Topic 9: In some parts of the world, it is increasingly popular to research the history of one's own
family .......................................................................................................................................................113
Why do people want to do this?..............................................................................................................113
Is it a positive or negative development? ..............................................................................................113

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Topic 10: There are more workers who work from home and more students who study from home.
This is because computer technology is more and more easily accessible and cheaper ..................114
Do you think it is a positive or negative development? .......................................................................114
Topic 11: There are more workers who work from home and more students who study from home.
This is because computer technology is more and more easily accessible and cheaper ..................115
Do you think it is a positive or negative development? .......................................................................115
Topic 12: Nowadays, many families have both parents working. Some working parents believe other
family members like grandparents can take care of their children, while others think childcare
centers provide the best care .................................................................................................................116
Discuss both views and give your own opinion ...................................................................................116
Topic 13: Some people think the government funding should not be used for supporting art and
culture, while others think supporting cultural activities may be beneficial for the population and
culture.......................................................................................................................................................117
Discuss both views and give your opinion..............................................................................................117
Topic 14: Nowadays, some employers think that formal academic qualifications are more important
than life experience or personal qualities when they look for new employees .................................118
Why is it the case? Is it a positive or negative development? .............................................................118
Topic 15: Nowadays, some employers think that formal academic qualifications are more important
than life experience or personal qualities when they look for new employees .................................119
Why is it the case? Is it a positive or negative development? .............................................................119
Topic 16: Some people think that a huge amount of time and money is spent on the protection of
wild animals, and this money could be better spent on the human population ...............................120
To what extent do you agree or disagree? ............................................................................................120
Topic 17: The skills that a person needs to be truly successful in the world today are not learned at
universities ..............................................................................................................................................121
To what extent do you agree or disagree ..............................................................................................121
Topic 18: Students should be taught academic knowledge so that they can pass exams, and skills
such as cooking or dressing should not be taught ...............................................................................122
To what extent do you agree or disagree? ............................................................................................122

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Topic 19: In the past, knowledge was contained in books. Nowadays, knowledge is uploaded to the
internet......................................................................................................................................................123
Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?.......................................................................123
Topic 20: Some people think that developing countries need financial aid from international
organizations. Others think that advice and practical aid are more important ..............................124
Discuss both views and give your opinion..............................................................................................124
VOCABULARY......................................................................................................................125
WORK- EDUCATION ...........................................................................................................................125
SOCIETY ................................................................................................................................................129
GOVERNMENT......................................................................................................................................132
TECHNOLOGY/ MEDIA/ ADVERTISING ........................................................................................133
BUSINESS ...............................................................................................................................................135
CRIME .....................................................................................................................................................137
ENVIRONMENT/ ANIMALS ...............................................................................................................139


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Logic & Hiệu Quả

Bộ sách IELTS năm ngoáicủamình đã giúprấtnhiềubạn đạt được số điểmmục tiêumà

Bộ sáchcủamìnhnóichung và cuốnsách nàynóiriêng đềunhằmmục đích nâng cao khả

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TỔNG QUAN VỀ IELTS WRITING

Task 2: thông thường bạnnêndànhkhoảng 40 phútchophầnthi Task 2. Bạnsẽ được cho

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IELTS WRITING TASK 1

TIÊU CHÍ CHẤM ĐIỂM – TASK 1

Criteria Detail Comments Estimated

Over 150 words Viết ít nhất 150 từ

Coherence Logical separation of data Phân chia dữ liệuphù hợp

Cáctừ, cụmtừ nối đượcsử

Appropriate word choices/ Sử dụngtừ vựng, dạngtừ

Vocabulary Spelling is correct Viết đúng chính tả

Sentence structures are Cáccấu trúccâu đadạngvà

Articles ( a, an, the) Chú ý cácmạotừ

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UNIT 1: PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI LINE GRAPH

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3. Phrσ ngphip luy? nt$ p

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The line graph compares/illustrates/shows/gives information about/ reveals statistics

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Cáctừ, cụmtừ paraphrase chonhau.

Có rấtnhiều cáctừ, cụmtừ có thể paraphrase lẫnnhautrong writing task 1 nóichung và

Show reveal statistics about/ detail changes in/ give information

Information about Data for/ figures for/ statistics about

Between 1979 and 2004/ over a period of 25 years/ over

People in the US Americans/ people who come from the US

In the UK, US, Japan,

food, healthcare, three different categories/ factors

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2. Tiêu thy cii gì d6

The consumption of beef in the US = The US beef consumption

The generation/production of CO2 - CO2 generation/production - CO2 emissions

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The proportion/percentage/rate of unemployment = The unemployment rate

. The percentage of unemployment in Germany rose significantly to 8% in 2007.

The percentage/proportion/number of people aged 60-70

6. Các chid? khác

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Thời gian Tăng/giảm Mức độ tăng/giảm Danh từ

2007-2009 remained stable/unchanged/ stayed at the same level no change

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From 2000 to 2010, the number of internet users increased dramatically.

2. There + tobe + a/an + N

3. S + saw/ witnessed / underwent

4. A/an + N was recorded/seen

A remarkale rise of 10 % in the proportion of American workers was recorded in

5. Before/after + Ving, S + V + Adv

Before increasing sharply to 50% in 2010, the proportion of cars in the UK

6. S + V + Adv, Then V + more Adv (the same direction)

7. S + V + Adv, but then V + more Adv (the opposite directions)

8. There was a/an + Adj + N, which was followed by a/an adj + N

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The proportion of international tourists going to the aquarium went up significantly

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