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Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 755
Ajith Abraham · Paramartha Dutta

Jyotsna Kumar Mandal
Abhishek Bhattacharya · Soumi Dutta
Editors
Emerging
Technologies
in Data Mining
and Information
Security
Proceedings of IEMIS 2018, Volume 1
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
Volume 755
Series editor
Janusz Kacprzyk, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
e-mail: kacprzyk@ibspan.waw.pl
The series “Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing” contains publications on theory,
applications, and design methods of Intelligent Systems and Intelligent Computing. Virtually all
disciplines such as engineering, natural sciences, computer and information science, ICT, economics,
business, e-commerce, environment, healthcare, life science are covered. The list of topics spans all the
areas of modern intelligent systems and computing such as: computational intelligence, soft computing
including neural networks, fuzzy systems, evolutionary computing and the fusion of these paradigms,
social intelligence, ambient intelligence, computational neuroscience, artificial life, virtual worlds and
society, cognitive science and systems, Perception and Vision, DNA and immune based systems,
self-organizing and adaptive systems, e-Learning and teaching, human-centered and human-centric
computing, recommender systems, intelligent control, robotics and mechatronics including
human-machine teaming, knowledge-based paradigms, learning paradigms, machine ethics, intelligent
data analysis, knowledge management, intelligent agents, intelligent decision making and support,
intelligent network security, trust management, interactive entertainment, Web intelligence and multimedia.
The publications within “Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing” are primarily proceedings
of important conferences, symposia and congresses. They cover significant recent developments in the
field, both of a foundational and applicable character. An important characteristic feature of the series is
the short publication time and world-wide distribution. This permits a rapid and broad dissemination of
research results.
Advisory Board
Chairman
Nikhil R. Pal, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
e-mail: nikhil@isical.ac.in
Members
Rafael Bello Perez, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba
e-mail: rbellop@uclv.edu.cu
Emilio S. Corchado, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
e-mail: escorchado@usal.es
Hani Hagras, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
e-mail: hani@essex.ac.uk
László T. Kóczy, Széchenyi István University, Győr, Hungary
e-mail: koczy@sze.hu
Vladik Kreinovich, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, USA
e-mail: vladik@utep.edu
Chin-Teng Lin, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
e-mail: ctlin@mail.nctu.edu.tw
Jie Lu, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
e-mail: Jie.Lu@uts.edu.au
Patricia Melin, Tijuana Institute of Technology, Tijuana, Mexico
e-mail: epmelin@hafsamx.org
Nadia Nedjah, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
e-mail: nadia@eng.uerj.br
Ngoc Thanh Nguyen, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
e-mail: Ngoc-Thanh.Nguyen@pwr.edu.pl
Jun Wang, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
e-mail: jwang@mae.cuhk.edu.hk
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11156

Ajith Abraham Paramartha Dutta
•
Jyotsna Kumar Mandal Abhishek Bhattacharya

•
Soumi Dutta
Editors
Emerging Technologies
in Data Mining
and Information Security
Proceedings of IEMIS 2018, Volume 1
123
Editors
Ajith Abraham Abhishek Bhattacharya
Machine Intelligence Research Labs Institute of Engineering and Management
Auburn, WA, USA Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Paramartha Dutta Soumi Dutta

Department of Computer and Systems Institute of Engineering and Management
Sciences Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Visva-Bharati University
Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
Jyotsna Kumar Mandal

Department of Computer Science
and Engineering
University of Kalyani
Kalyani, India
ISSN 2194-5357 ISSN 2194-5365 (electronic)

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
ISBN 978-981-13-1950-1 ISBN 978-981-13-1951-8 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1951-8
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018950802
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part
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Singapore
Organizing Committee
Patron
Prof. (Dr.) Satyajit Chakrabarti, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Conference General Chair

Dr. Bimal Kumar Roy, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
Convener
Dr. Subrata Saha, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Abhishek Bhattacharya, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Co-convener
Sukalyan Goswami, University of Engineering and Management, India
Krishnendu Rarhi, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Soumi Dutta, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Sujata Ghatak, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Dr. Abir Chatterjee, University of Engineering and Management, India
Key Note Speakers

Dr. Ajith Abraham, Machine Intelligence Research Labs (MIR Labs), USA
Dr. Fredric M. Ham, IEEE Life Fellow, SPIE Fellow, and INNS Fellow, USA
Dr. Sheng-Lung Peng, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan
Dr. Shaikh Fattah, Editor, IEEE Access and CSSP (Springer), Bangladesh
Dr. Detlef Streitferdt, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Germany
Dr. Swagatam Das, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, India
Dr. Niloy Ganguly, IIT Kharagpur, India
v
vi Organizing Committee
Dr. K. K. Shukla, IIT (BHU.), Varanasi, India

Dr. Nilanjan Dey, Techno India College of Technology, Kolkata, India
Technical Program Committee Chair

Dr. J. K. Mondal, University of Kalyani, India
Dr. Paramartha Dutta, Visva-Bharati University, India
Technical Program Committee Co-chair

Dr. Satyajit Chakrabarti, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Dr. Kamakhya Prasad Ghatak, University of Engineering and Management, India
Dr. Asit Kumar Das, IIEST, Shibpur, India
Editorial Board
Dr. Ajith Abraham, Machine Intelligence Research Labs (MIR Labs), USA
Soumi Dutta, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Advisory Committee
Dr. Mahmoud Shafik, University of Derby
Dr. Mohd Nazri Ismail, National Defence University of Malaysia
Dr. Bhaba R. Sarker, Louisiana State University
Dr. Tushar Kanti Bera, University of Arizona, USA
Dr. Shirley Devapriya Dewasurendra, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Dr. Goutam Chakraborty, Professor and Head of the Intelligent Informatics Lab,
Iwate Prefectural University, Japan
Dr. Basabi Chakraborty, Iwate Prefectural University, Japan
Dr. Kalyanmoy Deb, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
Dr. Vincenzo Piuri, University of Milan, Italy
Dr. Biswajit Sarkar, Hanyang University, Korea
Dr. Raj Kumar Buyya, The University of Melbourne
Dr. Anurag Dasgupta, Valdosta State University, Georgia
Dr. Prasenjit Mitra, The Pennsylvania State University
Dr. Esteban Alfaro-Cortés, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
Dr. Ilkyeong Moon, Seoul National University, South Korea
Dr. Izabela Nielsen, Aalborg University, Denmark
Organizing Committee vii
Dr. Prasanta K. Jana, IEEE Senior Member, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM),
Dhanbad
Dr. Gautam Paul, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata
Dr. Malay Bhattacharyya, IIEST, Shibpur
Dr. Sipra Das Bit, IIEST, Shibpur
Dr. Jaya Sil, IIEST, Shibpur
Dr. Asit Kumar Das, IIEST, Shibpur
Dr. Saptarshi Ghosh, IIEST, Shibpur, IIT KGP
Dr. Prof. Hafizur Rahman, IIEST, Shibpur
Dr. C. K. Chanda, IIEST, Shibpur
Dr. Asif Ekbal, Associate Dean, IIT Patna
Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya, IIIT Allahabad
Dr. Ujjwal Bhattacharya, CVPR Unit, Indian Statistical Institute
Dr. Prashant R. Nair, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (University), Coimbatore
Dr. Tanushyam Chattopadhyay, TCS Innovation Lab, Kolkata
Dr. A. K. Nayak, Fellow and Hony. Secretarý, CSI
Dr. B. K. Tripathy, VIT University
Dr. K. Srujan Raju, CMR Technical Campus
Dr. Dakshina Ranjan Kisku, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur
Dr. A. K. Pujari, University of Hyderabad
Dr. Partha Pratim Sahu, Tezpur University
Dr. Anuradha Banerjee, Kalyani Government Engineering College
Dr. Amiya Kumar Rath, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology
Dr. Kandarpa Kumar Sharma, Gauhati University
Dr. Amlan Chakrabarti, University of Calcutta
Dr. Sankhayan Choudhury, University of Calcutta
Dr. Anjana Kakoti Mahanta, Gauhati University
Dr. Subhankar Bandyopadhyay, Jadavpur University
Dr. Debabrata Ghosh, Calcutta University
Dr. Rajat Kr. Pal, University of Calcutta
Dr. Ujjwal Maulik, Jadavpur University
Dr. Himadri Dutta, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani
Dr. Brojo Kishore Mishra, C. V. Raman College of Engineering (Autonomous),
Bhubaneswar
Dr. S. Vijayakumar Bharathi, Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology (SCIT)
Dr. Govinda K., VIT University, Vellore
Dr. Ajanta Das, University of Engineering and Management, India
Technical Committee
Dr. Vincenzo Piuri, University of Milan, Italy
Dr. Mahmoud Shafik, University of Derby
Dr. Bhaba Sarker, Louisiana State University
Dr. Mohd Nazri Ismail, National Defence University of Malaysia
viii Organizing Committee
Dr. Tushar Kanti Bera, Yonsei University, Seoul

Dr. Birjodh Tiwana, LinkedIn, San Francisco, California
Dr. Saptarshi Ghosh, IIEST, Shibpur, IIT KGP
Dr. Srimanta Bhattacharya, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata
Dr. Loingtam Surajkumar Singh, NIT Manipur
Dr. Sitangshu Bhattacharya, IIIT Allahabad
Dr. Sudhakar Tripathi, NIT Patna
Dr. Chandan K. Chanda, IIEST Shibpur
Dr. Dakshina Ranjan Kisku, NIT Durgapur
Dr. Asif Ekbal, IIT Patna
Dr. Prasant Bharadwaj, NIT Agartala
Dr. Somnath Mukhopadhyay, Hijli College Kharagpur, India, and Regional Student
Coordinator, Region II, Computer Society of India
Dr. G. Suseendran, Vels University, Chennai, India
Dr. Sumanta Sarkar, Department of Computer Science of University of Calgary
Dr. Manik Sharma, Assistant Professor, DAV University, Jalandhar
Dr. Rita Choudhury, Gauhati University
Dr. Kuntala Patra, Gauhati University
Dr. Helen K. Saikia, Gauhati University
Dr. Debasish Bhattacharjee, Gauhati University
Dr. Somenath Sarkar, University of Calcutta
Dr. Sankhayan Choudhury, University of Calcutta
Dr. Debasish De, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology
Dr. Buddha Deb Pradhan, National Institute of Technology Durgapur
Dr. Shankar Chakraborty, Jadavpur University
Dr. Durgesh Kumar Mishra, Sri Aurobindo Institute of Technology, Indore,
Madhya Pradesh
Dr. Angsuman Sarkar, Secretary, IEEE EDS Kolkata Chapter and Kalyani
Government Engineering College
Dr. A. M. Sudhakara, University of Mysore
Dr. Indrajit Saha, National Institute of Technical Teachers’ Training and Research,
Kolkata
Dr. Bikash Santra, Indian Statistical Institute (ISI)
Dr. Ram Sarkar, Jadavpur University
Dr. Priya Ranjan Sinha Mahapatra, Kalyani University
Dr. Avishek Adhikari, University of Calcutta
Dr. Jyotsna Kumar Mandal, Kalyani University
Dr. Manas Kumar Sanyal, Kalyani University
Dr. Atanu Kundu, Chairman, IEEE EDS, Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata
Dr. Chintan Kumar Mandal, Jadavpur University
Dr. Kartick Chandra Mondal, Jadavpur University
Mr. Debraj Chatterjee, Manager, Capgemini
Mr. Gourav Dutta, Cognizant Technology Solutions
Dr. Soumya Sen, University of Calcutta
Dr. Soumen Kumar Pati, St. Thomas College of Engineering and Technology
Organizing Committee ix
Mrs. Sunanda Das, Neotia Institute of Technology Management and Science, India
Mrs. Shampa Sengupta, MCKV Institute of Engineering, India
Dr. Brojo Kishore Mishra, C. V. Raman College of Engineering (Autonomous),
Bhubaneswar
Dr. S. Vijayakumar Bharathi, Symbiosis Centre For Information Technology, Pune
Dr. Govinda K., Vellore Institute of technology
Dr. Prashant R. Nair, Amrita University
Dr. Hemanta Dey, IEEE Senior Member
Dr. Ajanta Das, University of Engineering and Management, India
Dr. Samir Malakar, MCKV Institute of Engineering, Howrah
Dr. Tanushyam Chattopadhyay TCS Innovation Lab, Kolkata
Dr. A. K. Nayak Indian Institute of Business Management, Patna
Dr. B. K. Tripathy, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore
Dr. K. Srujan Raju, CMR Technical Campus, Hyderabad
Dr. Partha Pratim Sahu, Tezpur University
Dr. Anuradha Banerjee, Kalyani Government Engineering College
Dr. Amiya Kumar Rath, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Odisha
Dr. S. D. Dewasurendra,
Dr. Arnab K. Laha, IIM Ahmedabad
Dr. Kandarpa Kumar Sarma, Gauhati University
Dr. Ambar Dutta, BIT Mesra & Treasurer—CSI Kolkata
Dr. Arindam Pal, TCS Innovation Labs, Kolkata
Dr. Himadri Dutta, Kalyani Government Engineering College, Kalyani
Dr. Tanupriya Choudhury, Amity University, Noida, India
Dr. Praveen Kumar, Amity University, Noida, India
Organizing Chairs
Sujata Ghatak, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Dr. Apurba Sarkar, IIEST, Shibpur, India
Organizing Co-chairs
Sukalyan Goswami, University of Engineering and Management, India
Rupam Bhattacharya, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Organizing Committee Convener

Dr. Sajal Dasgupta, Vice-Chancellor University of Engineering and Management
x Organizing Committee
Organizing Committee
Subrata Basak, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Anshuman Ray, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Abhijit Sarkar, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Ankan Bhowmik, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Manjima Saha, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Biswajit Maity, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Soumik Das, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Sreelekha Biswas, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Nayantara Mitra, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Amitava Chatterjee, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Ankita Mondal, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Registration Chairs
Abhijit Sarkar, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Ankan Bhowmik, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Ankita Mondal, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Ratna Mondol, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Publication Chairs
Dr. Debashis De, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, India
Dr. Kuntala Patra, Gauhati University, India
Publicity and Sponsorship Chair

Biswajit Maity, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Treasurer and Conference Secretary

Organizing Committee xi
Hospitality and Transport Chair

Nayantara Mitra, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Manjima Saha, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Sreelekha Biswas, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Amitava Chatterjee, Institute of Engineering and Management, India
Web Chair
Samrat Goswami
Samrat Dey
Foreword
Welcome to the Springer International Conference on Emerging Technologies in

Data Mining and Information Security (IEMIS 2018) held on February 23–25,
2018, in Kolkata, India. As a premier conference in the field, IEMIS 2018 provides
a highly competitive forum for reporting the latest developments in the research and
application of information security and data mining. We are pleased to present the
proceedings of the conference as its published record. The theme of this year is
Crossroad of Data Mining and Information Security, a topic that is quickly gaining
traction in both academic and industrial discussions because of the relevance of
privacy-preserving data mining (PPDM) model.
IEMIS is a young conference for research in the areas of information and net-
work security, data sciences, big data, and data mining. Although 2018 is the debut
year for IEMIS, it has already witnessed a significant growth. As an evidence of
that, IEMIS received a record of 532 submissions. The authors of the submitted
papers are from 35 countries around the world. Authors of the accepted papers are
from 11 countries.
We hope that this program will further stimulate research in information security
and data mining and provide practitioners with better techniques, algorithms, and
tools for the deployment. We feel honored and privileged to serve the best recent
developments in the field of WSDM to you through this exciting program.
Kolkata, India Bimal Kumar Roy

General Chair, IEMIS 2018
xiii
Preface
This volume presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging

Technologies in Data Mining and Information Security (IEMIS 2018), which took
place in the University of Engineering and Management in Kolkata, India, on
February 23–25, 2018. The volume appears in the series “Advances in Intelligent
Systems and Computing” (AISC), which is one of the fastest growing book series,
published by Springer Nature, one of the largest and most prestigious scientific
publishers,. AISC is meant to include various high-quality and timely publications,
primarily conference proceedings of relevant conference, congresses, and symposia
but also monographs, on the theory, applications, and implementations of broadly
perceived modern intelligent systems and intelligent computing, in their modern
understanding, i.e., tools and techniques of artificial intelligence (AI), computa-
tional intelligence (CI)—which include data mining, information security, neural
networks, fuzzy systems, evolutionary computing, as well as hybrid approaches that
synergistically combine these areas—but also topics such as multiagent systems,
social intelligence, ambient intelligence, Web intelligence, computational neuro-
science, artificial life, virtual worlds and societies, cognitive science and systems,
perception and vision, DNA- and immune-based systems, self-organizing and
adaptive systems, e-learning and teaching, human-centered and human-centric
computing, autonomous robotics, knowledge-based paradigms, learning paradigms,
machine ethics, intelligent data analysis, and various issues related to “big data,”
security, and trust management. These areas are at the forefront of science and
technology and have been found useful and powerful in a wide variety of disci-
plines such as engineering, natural sciences, computer, computation and informa-
tion sciences, ICT, economics, business, e-commerce, environment, health care, life
science, and social sciences. The AISC book series is submitted for indexing in ISI
Conference Proceedings Citation Index (now run by Clarivate), EI Compendex,
DBLP, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and SpringerLink and many other indexing
services around the world. IEMIS 2018 is a debut annual conference series orga-
nized at the School of Information Technology, under the aegis of the Institute of
Engineering and Management. This idea came from the heritage of the other two
cycles of events: IEMCON and UEMCON, which were organized by the Institute
xv
xvi Preface
of Engineering and Management under the leadership of Prof. Dr. Satyajit

Chakraborty.
In this volume of “Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing,” we would
like to present the results of studies on selected problems of data mining and
information security. Security implementation is the contemporary answer to new
challenges in the threat evaluation of complex systems. Security approach in theory
and engineering of complex systems (not only computer systems and networks) is
based on the multidisciplinary attitude to information theory, technology, and
maintenance of the systems working in real (and very often unfriendly) environ-
ments. Such a transformation has shaped natural evolution in the topical range of
subsequent IEMIS conferences, which can be seen over the recent years. Human
factors likewise infest the best digital dangers. Workforce administration and digital
mindfulness are fundamental for accomplishing all-encompassing cybersecurity.
This book will be of extraordinary incentive to a huge assortment of experts,
scientists, and understudies concentrating on the human part of the Internet and for
the compelling assessment of safety efforts, interfaces, client-focused outline, and
plan for unique populaces, especially the elderly. We trust this book is instructive
yet much more than it is provocative. We trust it moves, driving per user to examine
different inquiries, applications, and potential arrangements in making sheltered and
secure plans for all.
The Programme Committee of the IEMIS 2018 Conference, its organizers, and
the editors of these proceedings would like to gratefully acknowledge participation
of all the reviewers who helped to refine contents of this volume and evaluated
conference submissions. Our thanks go to, in the alphabetic order, Prof. Bimal
Kumar Roy, Dr. Ajith Abraham, Dr. Sheng Lung peng, Dr. Detlef Streitferdt,
Dr. Shaikh Fattah, Dr. Celia Shahnaz, Dr. Swagatam Das, Dr. Niloy Ganguly,
Dr. K. K. Shukla, Dr. Nilanjan Dey, Dr. Florin PopentiuVladicescu, Dr. Dewan
Md. Farid, Dr. Saptarshi Ghosh, Dr. Rita Choudhury, Dr. Asit Kumar Das,
Prof. Tanupriya Choudhury, Prof. Arijit Ghosal, Prof. Rahul Saxena,
Prof. Monika Jain, Dr. Aakanksha Sharaff, Prof. Dr. Sajal Dasgupta,
Prof. Rajiv Ganguly, Prof. Sukalyan Goswami.
Thanking all the authors who have chosen IEMIS 2018 as the publication
platform for their research, we would like to express our hope that their papers will
help in further developments in design and analysis of engineering aspects of
complex systems, being a valuable source material for scientists, researchers,
practitioners, and students who work in these areas.
Auburn, USA Ajith Abraham

Santiniketan, India Paramartha Dutta
Kalyani, India Jyotsna Kumar Mandal
Kolkata, India Abhishek Bhattacharya
Kolkata, India Soumi Dutta
Contents
Part I Artificial Intelligence

Application of Common ANN for Similar Datatypes in On-line
Monitoring and Security Estimation of Power System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Shubhranshu Kumar Tiwary, Jagadish Pal and Chandan Kumar Chanda
Crop Prediction Models—A Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Supreeth S. Avadhani, Aashrith B. Arun, Varun Govinda
and Juyin Shafaq Imtiaz Inamdar
Rainfall Prediction: A Comparative Study of Neural Network
Architectures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Kaushik D. Sardeshpande and Vijaya R. Thool
Prediction of Bacteriophage Protein Locations Using Deep
Neural Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Muhammad Ali, Farzana Afrin Taniza, Arefeen Rahman Niloy,
Sanjay Saha and Swakkhar Shatabda
Classification of Phishing Websites Using Moth-Flame Optimized
Neural Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Santosh Kumar Majhi and Pragati Mahapatra
Design and Analysis of Intrusion Detection System via Neural
Network, SVM, and Neuro-Fuzzy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Abhishek Tiwari and Sanjeev Kumar Ojha
Grammar-Based White-Box Testing via Automated Constraint
Path Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Bijoy Rahman Arif
Music Playing and Wallpaper Changing System Based
on Emotion from Facial Expression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Protik Hosen, Nuruzzaman Himel, Md. Asaduzzaman Adil,
Ms. Nazmun Nessa Moon and Ms. Fernaz Narin Nur
xvii
xviii Contents
Gender Recognition Inclusive with Transgender from Speech

Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Ghazaala Yasmin, Omkar Mullick, Arijit Ghosal and Asit K. Das
A Survey on Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Cognitive
Radio Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
R. Ganesh Babu and V. Amudha
Bangla Handwritten Digit Recognition Using Convolutional
Neural Network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
AKM Shahariar Azad Rabby, Sheikh Abujar, Sadeka Haque
and Syed Akhter Hossain
Distinction Between Phases of Human Sleep Cycle Using Neural
Networks Based on Bio-signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Trishita, Simran Kaur Bhatia, Gaurav Kumar and Aleena Swetapadma
Genetic Algorithm Based Load Evaluation Approach for Salvation
of Complexities in Allocation of Budget Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Neelima Chilagani and S. S. V. N. Sarma
A Theoretic Approach to Music Genre Recognition from Musical
Features Using Single-Layer Feedforward Neural Network . . . . . . . . . . 145
Sourav Das and Anup Kumar Kolya
Analysis on Efficient Handwritten Document Recognition
Technique Using Feature Extraction and Back Propagation
Neural Network Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Pramit Brata Chanda
Microarray Gene Expression Analysis Using Fuzzy Logic
(MGA-FL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Daksh Khanna, Tanupriya Choudhury, A. Sai Sabitha
and Nguyen Gia Nhu
Stratification of String Instruments Using Chroma-Based
Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Arijit Ghosal, Suchibrota Dutta and Debanjan Banerjee
Liver Disorder Prediction Due to Excessive Alcohol Consumption
Using SLAVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Sahil Saxena, Vikas Deep and Purushottam Sharma
Analysis on Multi-objective Optimization Problem Techniques . . . . . . . 203
Aditi Jaiswal
Contents xix
Part II Cloud Computing

Proposed Methodology to Strengthen the Performance
of Adaptive Cloud Using Efficient Resource Provisioning . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Lata J. Gadhavi and Madhuri D. Bhavsar
A Cloud-Based Vertical Data Distribution Approach
for a Secure Data Access on Mobile Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Jens Kohler and Thomas Specht
A Priority-Based Process Scheduling Algorithm
in Cloud Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Misbahul Haque, Rakibul Islam, Md. Rubayeth Kabir, Fernaz Narin Nur
and Nazmun Nessa Moon
Efficient Model of Cloud Trustworthiness for Selecting Services
Using Fuzzy Logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Rashi Srivastava and A. K. Daniel
CS-PSO based Intrusion Detection System in Cloud Environment . . . . . 261
Partha Ghosh, Arnab Karmakar, Joy Sharma and Santanu Phadikar
Matrix-Based Data Security in Cloud Computing Using Advanced
Cramer–Shoup Cryptosystem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Y. Mohamed Sirajudeen and R. Anitha
Makespan Efficient Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Y. Home Prasanna Raju and Nagaraju Devarakonda
Improved Lattice-Based Encryption with LP Solver for Secured
Outsourced Data in Cloud Computing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Vemuri Sudarsan Rao and N. Satyanarayana
A Dynamic Resource Allocation Strategy to Minimize
the Operational Cost in Cloud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Chinnaiah Valliyammai and Rengarajan Mythreyi
Review Paper on Cloudlet Allocation Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Rachna Anuragi and Manish Pandey
Part III Computational Mathematics

Modelling and Analysis of Bio-convective Nano-fluid Flow
Past a Continuous Moving Vertical Cylinder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Debasish Dey
Unsteady MHD Flow of Viscoelastic Fluid Through a Porous
Medium in a Vertical Porous Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Sonam Dorjee and Utpal Jyoti Das
xx Contents
Heat Equation-Based ECG Signal Denoising in The Presence

of White, Colored, and Muscle Artifact Noises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Prateep Upadhyay, S. K. Upadhyay and K. K. Shukla
Second-Order Fluid Through Porous Medium in a Rotating
Channel with Hall Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Hridi Ranjan Deb
Adept-Disseminated Arithmetic-Based Discrete Cosine Transform . . . . . 379
K. B. Sowmya and Jose Alex Mathew
A Survey Road Map on Different Algorithms Proposed
on Protein Structure Prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Kunal Kabi, Bhabani Shankar Prasad Mishra and Satya Ranjan Dash
Graph Theoretic Scenario in Period Doubling and Limit Cycle
Circumstances in Two-Dimensional Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393
Tarini Kumar Dutta, Debasmriti Bhattacherjee and Debasish Bhattacharjee
Part IV Computational Modeling

Enjoy and Learn with Educational Game: Likhte Likhte Shikhi
Apps for Child Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Md. Walid Bin Khalid Aunkon, Md. Hasanuzzaman Dipu,
Nazmun Nessa Moon, Mohd. Saifuzzaman and Fernaz Narin Nur
Technique for Data-Driven Mining in Physiological Sensor Data
by Using Eclat Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Shraddha Kalbhor and S. V. Kedar
A New Homogeneous Droplet Transportation Algorithm
and Its Simulator to Boost Route Performance in Digital
Microfluidic Biochips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
Rupam Bhattacharya, Pranab Roy and Hafizur Rahaman
A New Combined Routing Technique in Digital Microfluidic
Biochip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Rupam Bhattacharya, Pranab Roy and Hafizur Rahaman
Optimized Multi-agent Personalized Search Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451
Disha Verma, Barjesh Kochar and Y. S. Shishodia
Reversible Code Converters Based on Application Specific
Four Variable Reversible Gates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
Sanjoy Banerjee, Abhijit Kumar Pal, Mahamuda Sultana,
Diganta Sengupta and Abhijit Das
Regression-Based AGRO Forecasting Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479
B. V. Balaji Prabhu and M. Dakshayini
Contents xxi
CRICRATE: A Cricket Match Conduction and Player Evaluation

Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491
Md. Ashraf Uddin, Mahmudul Hasan, Sajal Halder, Sajeeb Ahamed
and Uzzal Kumar Acharjee
Predicting Factors of Students Dissatisfaction for Retention . . . . . . . . . 501
Mohammad Aman Ullah, Mohammad Manjur Alam, Md. Mahiuddin
and Mohammed Mahmudur Rahman
Establishing the Correlation Relationship Between Size of Code
and New Functionalities Using Regression Line Equation . . . . . . . . . . . 511
Kanupriya Kashyap, Abdul Wahid and Vikrant Shokeen
Cassandra—A Distributed Database System: An Overview . . . . . . . . . . 519
Abdul Wahid and Kanupriya Kashyap
Part V Computational Science

Subcellular Localization of Gram-Negative Proteins Using Label
Powerset Encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529
Hasnaeen Ferdous, Raihan Uddin and Swakkhar Shatabda
Impact of Thermophoretic MHD Visco-Elastic Fluid Flow
Past a Wedge with Heat Source and Chemical Reaction . . . . . . . . . . . . 541
Bibhash Deka and Rita Choudhury
Slip Effects on Heat and Mass Transfer in MHD Visco-Elastic
Fluid Flow Through a Porous Channel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553
Bamdeb Dey and Rita Choudhury
A Channel Selection Method for Epileptic EEG Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . 565
Satarupa Chakrabarti, Aleena Swetapadma and Prasant Kumar Pattnaik
Visco-Elastic Effects on Nano-fluid Flow in a Rotating System
in Presence of Hall Current Effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575
Debasish Dey and Ashim Jyoti Baruah
RNA Structure Prediction Using Chemical Reaction Optimization . . . . 587
Md. Rayhanul Kabir, Fatema Tuz Zahra and Md. Rafiqul Islam
Mapping of Flow Visualization and Heat Transfer Analysis Over
Roughened Plate Inside Rectangular Duct . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599
Anup Kumar and Apurba Layek
Impact of Oblique Magnetic Flux upon Second-Grade Fluid Flow
with Dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611
Bandita Das and Rita Choudhury
xxii Contents
Analyzing the Complexity of Loop Shifting for Optimization

of Matrix-Multiplication Process for System Having One
Level Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 621
Yogesh Singh Rathore, Dharminder Kumar and Kavita Saxena
Modeling Compensation of Data Science Professionals
in BRIC Nations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631
M. J. Smibi and Vivek Menon
Horizontal Scaling Enhancement for Optimized Big Data
Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 639
Chandrima Roy, Kashyap Barua, Sandeep Agarwal, Manjusha Pandey
and Siddharth Swarup Rautaray
Part VI Cryptology
Implementation and Analysis of Cryptographic Ciphers in FPGA . . . . . 653
V. G. Kiran Kumar and C. Shantharama Rai
Attack Experiments on Elliptic Curves of Prime
and Binary Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667
Ni Ni Hla and Tun Myat Aung
Gait-Based Authentication System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685
Vivek Kumar, Chirag Gupta and Vatsal Agarwal
Pen-Drive Based Password Management System
for Online Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693
Samruddhi Patil, Kumud Wasnik and Sudhir Bagade
A Comparative Analysis of Symmetric Lightweight
Block Ciphers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705
Asmita Poojari and H. R. Nagesh
A Novel Approach to Generate Symmetric Key in Cryptography
Using Genetic Algorithm (GA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713
Chukhu Chunka, Rajat Subhra Goswami and Subhasish Banerjee
A Low-Cost, High-Performance Implementation of RSA Algorithm
Using GPGPU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 725
P. S. Sasaank Srivatsa and P. V. R. R. Bhogendra Rao
Attacks and Threats on RSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 737
Sreemoyee Biswas and Namita Tiwari
Private Communication Based on Hierarchical Identity-Based
Cryptography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749
D. Kalyani and R. Sridevi
Contents xxiii
Part VII Expert System

An Approach to the Parameter Based Doctor Ranking . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759
Mohammed Mahmudur Rahman, Md. Aman Ullah, Zinnia Sultana
and Md. Rashedul Islam
Land Use/Land Cover Modeling of Sagar Island,
India Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 771
Ismail Mondal, Sandeep Thakur, Phanibhusan Ghosh, Tarun Kumar De
and Jatisankar Bandyopadhyay
A Hybrid Approach to Improve Recommendation System
in E-Tourism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787
Mohammed Mahmudur Rahman, Zulkifly Bin Mohd Zaki,
Najwa Hayaati Binti Mohd Alwi and Md. Monirul Islam
Developing a Vision-Based Driving Assistance System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799
Ashfak Md. Shibli, Mohammed Moshiul Hoque and Lamia Alam
A Proposed Web-Based Architecture for Diabetes Awareness,
Prevention, and Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813
Md. Ariful Islam, Syed Akhter Hossain
and Khondaker Abdullah Al Mamun
Rule Languages for the Semantic Web . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 825
Sonia Mehla and Sarika Jain
Towards a Semantic Knowledge Treasure for Military
Intelligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835
Sanju Mishra and Sarika Jain
A Fuzzy AHP Approach to IT-Based Stream Selection
for Admission in Technical Institutions in India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847
Oindreela Saha, Arpita Chakraborty and Jyoti Sekhar Banerjee
Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859
About the Editors
Dr. Ajith Abraham received Ph.D. from Monash University, Melbourne,

Australia, and M.Sc. from Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. His
research and development experience includes over 25 years in the industry and
academia spanning different continents like Australia, America, Asia, and Europe.
He works in a multidisciplinary environment involving computational intelligence,
network security, sensor networks, e-commerce, Web intelligence, Web services,
computational grids, data mining, and applications to various real-world problems.
He has authored/co-authored over 350 refereed journal/conference papers and
chapters, and some of the papers have also won the best paper awards at international
conferences and also received several citations. Some of the articles are available in
the ScienceDirect Top 25 Hottest Articles—http://top25.sciencedirect.com/index.
php?cat_id=6&subject_area_id=7.
He has given more than 20 plenary lectures and conference tutorials in these
areas. He serves the editorial board of several reputed International journals and has
also guest-edited 26 special issues on various topics. He is actively involved in the
Hybrid Intelligent Systems (HIS); Intelligent Systems Design and Applications
(ISDA); and Information Assurance and Security (IAS) series of international
conferences. He was General Co-chair of the Tenth International Conference on
Computer Modeling and Simulation (UKSIM’08), Cambridge, UK; Second Asia
International Conference on Modeling and Simulation (AMS 2008), Malaysia;
Eighth International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications
(ISDA’08), Taiwan; Fourth International Symposium on Information Assurance
and Security (IAS’07), Italy; Eighth International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent
Systems (HIS’08), Spain; and Fifth IEEE International Conference on Soft
Computing as Transdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSTST’08),
Cergy-Pontoise, France, and Program Chair/Co-chair of the Third International
Conference on Digital Information Management (ICDIM’08), UK, and Second
European Conference on Data Mining (ECDM 2008), the Netherlands.
He is Senior Member of IEEE, IEEE Computer Society, IEE (UK), ACM, etc.
More information at: http://www.softcomputing.net.
xxv
xxvi About the Editors
Dr. Paramartha Dutta was born in 1966 and did his bachelors and masters in
statistics from the Indian Statistical Institute, Calcutta, in the years 1988 and 1990,
respectively. He completed his M.Tech. in computer science from the same institute
in the year 1993 and Ph.D. in engineering from the Bengal Engineering and Science
University, Shibpur, in 2005. He has served in the capacity of research personnel in
various projects funded by the Government of India, which include Defence
Research Development Organization, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research,
Indian Statistical Institute. He is now Professor in the Department of Computer and
System Sciences of the Visva-Bharati University, West Bengal, India. Prior to this,
he served Kalyani Government Engineering College and College of Engineering in
West Bengal as full-time faculty member. He remained associated as visiting/guest
faculty of several universities/institutes such as West Bengal University of
Technology, Kalyani University, Tripura University.
He has co-authored eight books and has also seven edited books to his credit. He
has published more than two hundred technical papers in various peer-reviewed
journals and conference proceedings, both international and national, as well as
several chapters in edited volumes of reputed international publishing houses like
Elsevier, Springer-Verlag, CRC Press, John Wiley. He has guided six scholars who
already had been awarded their Ph.D. apart from one who has submitted her thesis.
Presently, he is supervising six scholars for their Ph.D. program.
He is the co-inventor of ten Indian patents and one international patent which are
all published apart from five international patents which are filed but not yet to be
published.
He, as an investigator, could implement successfully projects funded by All
India Council for Technical Education, Department of Science and Technology,
of the Government of India. He has served/serves in the capacity of external
member of Boards of Studies of relevant departments of various universities
encompassing West Bengal University of Technology, Kalyani University, Tripura
University, Assam University. He had the opportunity to serve as the expert of
several interview boards conducted by West Bengal Public Service Commission;
Assam University, Silchar; National Institute of Technology, Arunachal Pradesh;
Sambalpur University; etc.
He is Life Fellow of the Optical Society of India (FOSI), Institution of
Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (FIETE), and Institute of
Engineering (FIE); Life Member of Computer Society of India (LMCSI), Indian
Science Congress Association (LMISCA), Indian Society for Technical Education
(LMISTE), and Indian Unit of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence
(LMIUPRAI); the Indian affiliate of the International Association for Pattern
Recognition (IAPR); Senior Member of Associated Computing Machinery
(SMACM) and Institution of Electronics and Electrical Engineers (SMIEEE), USA.
Dr. Jyotsna Kumar Mandal completed his M.Tech. in computer science from the
University of Calcutta in 1987, was awarded Ph.D. (engineering) in computer
science and engineering by Jadavpur University in 2000, was Former Dean, Faculty
About the Editors xxvii
of Engineering, Technology and Management, for two consecutive terms since

2008, and is presently working as Professor of Computer Science and Engineering,
Kalyani University, Kalyani, Nadia, Government of West Bengal. He is
Ex-Director, IQAC, Kalyani University, and Chairman, CIRM, Kalyani University.
He was appointed as Professor in Kalyani Government Engineering College
through Public Service Commission under Government of West Bengal. He started
his career as Lecturer at NERIST, under MHRD Government of India, Arunachal
Pradesh, in September 1988. He has teaching and research experience of 30 years.
His areas of research are coding theory, data and network security, remote sensing
and GIS-based applications, data compression, error correction, visual cryptogra-
phy, and steganography. He has produced 21 Ph.Ds., two scholars have submitted,
and eight are pursuing. He has supervised 3 M.Phil. graduates and more than 50
M.Tech. dissertations and more than 100 M.C.A. dissertations. He is Chief Editor
of CSI Journal of Computing and Guest Editor of MST Journal (SCI indexed) of
Springer. He has published more than 400 research articles out of which 154
articles in various international journals. He has published five books from LAP
Germany and one from IGI Global. He was awarded A. M. Bose Memorial Silver
Medal and Kali Prasanna Dasgupta Memorial Silver Medal in M.Sc. from Jadavpur
University. India International Friendship Society (IIFS), New Delhi, conferred
“Bharat Jyoti Award” for meritorious service, outstanding performance, and
remarkable role in the field of computer science and engineering on August 29,
2012. He received “Chief Patron” Award from CSI India in 2014. International
Society for Science, Technology and Management conferred “Vidyasagar Award”
in the Fifth International Conference on Computing, Communication and Sensor
Network on December 25, 2016. ISDA conferred Rastriya Pratibha Award in 2017.
Abhishek Bhattacharya is Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer

Application at the Institute of Engineering and Management, India. He did his
M.Sc. from the Biju Patnaik University of Technology and completed his M.Tech.
in computer science from BIT, Mesra. He remained associated as visiting/guest
faculty of several universities/institutes in India. He has three books to his credit. He
has published 20 technical papers in various peer-reviewed journals and conference
proceedings, both international and national, as well as chapters in edited volumes
of reputed International publishing houses. He has teaching and research experience
of 13 years. His areas of research are data mining, network security, mobile
computing, and distributed computing. He is the reviewer of couple of journals of
IGI Global, Inderscience Publications, and Journal of Information Science Theory
and Practice, South Korea.
He is Member of International Association of Computer Science and
Information Technology (IACSIT), Universal Association of Computer and
Electronics Engineers (UACEE), International Association of Engineers (IAENG),
Internet Society as a Global Member (ISOC), the Society of Digital Information and
Wireless Communications (SDIWC), and International Computer Science and
Engineering Society (ICSES); Technical Committee Member of CICBA 2017,
52nd Annual Convention of Computer Society of India (CSI 2017), International
xxviii About the Editors
Conference on Futuristic Trends in Network and Communication Technologies

(FTNCT-2018), ICIoTCT 2018, ICCIDS 2018, and Innovative Computing and
Communication (ICICC-2018); and Advisory Board Member of ISETIST 2017.
Soumi Dutta is Assistant Professor at the Institute of Engineering and

Management, India. She is also pursuing her Ph.D. in the Department of Computer
Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology,
Shibpur. She received her B.Tech. in information technology and her M.Tech. in
computer science securing first position (gold medalist), both from Techno India
Group, India. His research interests include social network analysis, data mining,
and information retrieval. She is the member of several technical functional bodies
such as the Michigan Association for Computer Users in Learning (MACUL), the
Society of Digital Information and Wireless Communications (SDIWC), Internet
Society as a Global Member (ISOC), and International Computer Science and
Engineering Society (ICSES). She has published several papers in reputed journals
and conferences.
Part I
Artificial Intelligence
Application of Common ANN for Similar
Datatypes in On-line Monitoring
and Security Estimation of Power System
Shubhranshu Kumar Tiwary, Jagadish Pal and Chandan Kumar Chanda
Abstract Monitoring a power network is an important task which is very compli-

cated. To monitor the power systems, the developed nations are relying and shifting
more and more towards soft-computing and pattern recognition techniques with the
rapid improvements in the computation. In the work elaborated here, a report on the
employment of a common multilayer feed-forward net, to the security estimation of
a power network has been reported. The model built, is a 5-bus system, developed
on the Simulink environment of a MATLAB R2013a version 32-bit software. The
outcome was confirmed on a Hardware-In-Loop (HIL) device, on RT Lab Simulator
of OPAL RT Technologies. The analysis is presented in this work for the perusal of
the readers.
1 Preface
Applying the ANN in field is very confusing for any type of power network, espe-
cially making the choice for the type of neural net. In this work, a report on the
use of a multilayer feed-forward neural net with error backpropagation, for on-line
monitoring of MW (Active power) and MVAR (Reactive power) flowing on the lines
of a modified 5 bus power system has been elaborated. The work is particular in the
sense, that a multilayer neural net model with seven inputs, is used to monitor the
MW power flow on all seven lines of the power network, also a second neural net
S. K. Tiwary (B) · J. Pal · C. K. Chanda

Department of EE, IIEST, Shibpur, Howrah 711103, India
e-mail: mail_shubh2005@yahoo.co.in
J. Pal
e-mail: jagadish_pal@hotmail.com
C. K. Chanda
e-mail: ckc_math@yahoo.co.in
© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 3

A. Abraham et al. (eds.), Emerging Technologies in Data Mining and Information
Security, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing 755,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1951-8_1
4 S. K. Tiwary et al.
model is used to monitor the MVAR power on all seven lines as well [1]. Initially,
a modified power network is developed on the Simulink environment of MATLAB,
then it is simulated on RT Lab. Then the MW and MVAR flow of all lines are recorded.
Then, these real-time data are tabulated in an Excel sheet and their corresponding
states are classified in a separate Excel sheet. The state classification of the power
network at each instant is done by comparing power flowing, with the thermal limits
of the transmission lines. We must include equal numbers of each state classification
(namely secure and insecure) for good convergence of ANN training. After that, we
train the ANN in off-line mode. When the training has converged, and gives accurate
classification results, we use it on RT lab simulation and observe the performance
[2, 3].
2 Power System Model Evolution
The 1-line diagram of a 5-bus power system is as given below in Fig. 1.

In this power system, there is no load attached to Bus 2. The Simulink model for
the above network is shown in Fig. 2.
In this model, there are two generators. The source at Bus 1 and Bus 2 is 100
MVA at base voltage of 25 kV, each. The load at Bus 3, Bus 4 and Bus 5 are 20 MW,
15 MW and 15 MW also at 25 kV, respectively. There are 7 distributed parameters
line block of 100 km length with similar capacitance, inductance and resistance [5,
6]. As shown in Fig. 2, each line contains a V-I mask, to monitor Voltage and Current
at each instant. Then we run the simulation and record the power flows. Figure. 3,
shows the model.
Fig. 1 Modified 5-bus network

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Dormer wanted to say: “You’ve got a marvellous imagination!” which
would have been intended as an unfavourable criticism. But the
words stuck on his lips. Instead he said:
“It’s all very well. You don’t seem to see the serious part of all this—
waste!”
“Waste, my dear fellow!” And to Dormer the harsh, cheerful voice
had all the officious familiarity of a starling, gibing at one from an
apple tree. “Waste is not serious. It is nature’s oldest joke. It used to
be called Chaos. From it we came. Back to it we shall go. It will be
called Immortality. The Graves Commission will give it a number, a
signboard, and a place on the map, but it will be Immortality none the
less. From Titans to tight ’uns, ‘each in his narrow grave.’”
“Oh, chuck it,” said Dormer, disgusted and having no memories of
that quotation. “You’ve evidently never been in charge of a burying
party!”
“I have. I did twelve months in the line, as a platoon commander.
How long did you do that?”
“Twelve months about!”
“I believe you, where thousands wouldn’t. Twelve months was about
the limit. In twelve months, the average Infantry subaltern got a job,
or got a blighty! I know all about it!”
“Then you ought to know better than to speak so. It’s not a joke!”
“My dear Dormer, if it were not a grim joke it would be utterly
unbearable.”
“I disagree entirely. It’s that point of view that we are suffering from
so much. You don’t seem to see that this army is not an army of
soldiers. It is an army of civilians enlisted under a definite contract.
They aren’t here for fun.”
“Oh, come, Dormer, don’t you believe in enjoying the War?”
“I believe in getting it done.”
“You never will, in that frame of mind.”
“Oh, shan’t I? What would happen if I didn’t see that the right people
get to the right place, with the right orders and right supplies,
including you and your blessed flagwaggers?”
“Nothing to what will happen if the troops once begin to regard the
show as a matter of business! You haven’t got a shako and a big
brown horse, but you must play up, as if you had!”
“What rot you talk. I have a tin hat because it will stand shrapnel
better than a shako. I have mules because they stand the life better
than a horse?”
“Yes, but do you admire your tin hat? Do you really care for mules!”
Something made Dormer say in spite of himself:
“I did once come across a man who cared!”
“There, what did I tell you. He was winning the War!”
(“Whatever did I tell him that for?” Dormer asked himself vexedly. “A
nice song he’ll make of it.”) But he only said:
“You’re all wrong, as usual. He did nothing of the sort. He just made
a row in billets!”
“Quite right too. Most of ’em deserve a row!”
“Possibly, but he went the wrong way to work!”
“Ah, that depends!”
(Irritating brute!)
“No, it doesn’t. Were you ever at Ypres?”
“Was I not. I was hit at Hooge stables, and had to walk nearly a
couple of miles to get to a dressing station!”
“Well, then, you remember, in the back billets, a place called the
‘Spanish Farm’?”
“Don’t I just. Great big old house, with a moat, and pasture fore and
aft.”
What a way to put it!
“Well, this chap I’m telling you of, was billeted there. He was
attached to a Trench Mortar Battery. He was in charge of the mules.
He didn’t talk a lot of rot about it, as you suggest he should. One of
his mules was wounded and the other sick. He broke down the front
of the shrine at the corner of the pasture to get a bit of shelter for
them!”
The effect of this recital was not what Dormer expected.
“That was an unspeakably shocking thing to do, worse than losing
any number of mules!”
“I suppose you’re a Catholic?”
“Yes, I am!”
“I thought as much. Well, I’m not, nor was this driver I’m telling you
about. He just hated the waste and destruction of it all.”
“So he destroyed something more precious and permanent.”
“He thought a live mule was better than a dead saint.”
“He was wrong!”
And then the fellow shut up, got quite sulky. Dormer was delighted
with his prowess in argument, waited a moment, turned on his side,
and slept, as only men can who live in the open air, in continual
danger of their lives, and who lose the greater portion of the night in
ceaseless activity.
When his servant woke him, with tea and orders and the nightly lists
of traffic and stores, it was a wonderful golden and green sunset,
tremulous with the evening “hate.” The purple shadows were just
sufficiently long to admit of getting the wounded back, and the road
was filled with ambulances, whirring and grinding as they stopped,
backed, and restarted, while a steady punctual crash, once a minute,
showed that the Bosche were shelling the road or one of the
innumerable camps or dumps along it, in the neighbourhood. Amid
all this clamour, Kavanagh was not silenced, but recited at the top of
his voice, and Dormer had a suspicion that the real reason was that
it helped to keep down the nervousness that grew on men, as the
years of the War rolled on, and the probability of being hit increased.
Especially as, far overhead, the planes that circled and swooped like
a swarm of gleaming flies, were attracting considerable anti-aircraft
fire, and all round, big jagged bits were coming to earth with a noise
almost echoing that of the ambulances.
Dormer’s tidy mind was soon called into action. Some wounded who
had died on the way to the dressing station, had been laid out beside
the road as the ambulances had enough to do without carrying
corpses ten miles. He went to make sure the M.O. had arranged for
a burial party, as he had the strongest belief that casualties lying
about were bad for the morale of the troops. When he got back to
the dug-out, Kavanagh was “going on,” as he bent over a map of the
extensions of the divisional cable lines, like a crow on a gate.
“See those chaps, Dormer?”
“Quis procul hinc—the legends writ
The—er—Picard grave is far away,
Quis ante diem periit
Sed miles, sed pro patria.”
“Do you believe in pronouncing Latin like Julius Cæsar or like Jones
Minor?”
“I don’t believe in it at all. Pure waste of time!”
“Dormer, you are a Utilitarian!”
“Have it your own way so long as you get that cable line of yours
sited. I’ve got parties coming up to-morrow to dig it in!”
“I shall be ready for them. Think of all that language, and language is
only codified thought, buried in the ground, Dormer!”
“I have all the thinking I want over all the men buried in the ground.
We’re losing far too many!”
The “victory” of the Somme had been a saddening experience for
Dormer.
“That shows how wrong you are. We are mortal. We perish. But our
words will live.”
“Rot! Do you mean to say that ‘825 Brigade relieve you to-morrow
Nth. Div. Ack, ack, ack’ will live! Why should it? It’ll be superseded in
four days. Who wants to perpetuate it?”
“I disagree with you, Dormer, I really do. Here we are at the great
crisis of our lives, of the life of European Civilization perhaps. Some
trumpery order you or I transmit may mean in reality ‘Civilization is
defeated, Barbarism has won!’ or it may mean, I hope, ‘Lift up your
eyes unto the hills from whence——’”
“I wish you wouldn’t joke about the Bible!”
“I’m not joking, and you’ll find it out before long. Men will fight so long
as they’ve got something to fight about!”
“Well, they have. They want to get home. They’ll fight fast enough
about that.”
“Not they. That isn’t the thing to make ’em fight. It’s more likely to
make ’em run away. They want an idea.”
“They’ve had enough ideas, I should think. I seem to remember the
walls covered with posters, with an idea a-piece.”
“Those ideas were much too superficial and temporary. They want to
feel that they are something, or that they do something so important
that it doesn’t matter whether they live or die!”
“That’s all wrong. It does matter. This War will be won by the side
that has most men and most stuff left.”
“Nonsense. It will be won by the side that has the most faith.”
“Oh, well, you go and have faith in your cable line. I’ve got to have it
in these working parties.”
It was now dusk enough for the main body of troops to get on the
move. The broad valley below was in ultramarine shadow, the round
shoulders of the down touched with lemon-coloured afterglow. Up
the drift of chalk dust that represented where the road had once
been, an insignificant parish road from one little village to another,
but now the main traffic artery of an Army Corps, there came pouring
the ceaseless stream, men, men, men, limbers, men, mules, guns,
men.
The longer he looked at them, the more certain he became that he
was right. Not merely the specialists in mechanics, engineers,
ordnance, signals, gunners, but the mere infantry had taken months
to train, and could be knocked out in a moment. The problem, of
course, was to save them up until the moment at which they could
produce the maximum effect.
How docile they were. Platoon for this, platoon for that, section of
engineers, then a machine-gun company. Then rations, then limbers,
wagons, hand-carts full of every conceivable kind of implement or
material. Very soon he was obliged to stand in the middle of the
road, with the stream of traffic going up, before him, and the stream
of traffic coming back, behind, so that in addition to checking and
directing one lot he had to keep an eye on the other to see that they
did not begin to smoke until they were well down the side of the hill.
Gradually the darkness thickened, and the crowd thinned, and the
thunder of the front died down. At length he was left with only a
belated hurrying limber or two, or ambulance, sent back for the third
or fourth time to clear the accumulation of casualties. At last he felt
justified in getting into his bunk and shutting his eyes.
Thank goodness that fellow wasn’t back. He, Dormer, would be
asleep, and would not hear him. He counted the khaki shoulders and
dusty wheels that went round and round beneath his eyelids, until he
went off.
Unfortunately for that particular malaise which the War occasioned to
his precise and town-bred spirit, that was not his last sleep that he
slept that night. Many a one never woke again to hear the earth-
shaking clamour of the barrage, to see that eternal procession of
men, men, mules, limbers, men, guns, ambulances, men, lorries,
going on and on like some gigantic frieze. But Dormer did. He was
one of those who, had he been born in the Middle Ages, would have
been described as under a curse, or pictured as working out an
atonement for his own or some one else’s misdeeds. He had to go
on doing his very best, and the more he disliked the whole business
the harder he worked. The harder he worked the longer it seemed to
that desired day when he might return to the quiet niceties of a
branch bank in a provincial town. And all the time Kavanagh kept up
that ceaseless argument as to one’s mental attitude. Dormer didn’t
really believe in having such a thing, for he felt bound to join issue
with the absurd ramblings of the other, and he could not escape,
because their jobs naturally threw them together and because he
secretly admired the way that Kavanagh did his work.
So the days turned into weeks and the weeks into months, the
casualty lists grew longer and longer, the visible fruits of the
immense effort grew smaller and smaller, and as the year wore on,
the weather broke, and the only conditions that make life in the open
tolerable, light and drought, disappeared, and they dwelt in the
sodden twilight of tent or hut, while what had been the white powdery
dust, became the cement-like mud that no scraping could remove.
Sitting dejectedly over some returns he heard
“Still, be still, my soul, the arms you bear are brittle!”
“It’s all very well to sit there and sing. This offensive is a failure, we
shall never get through.”
“I’m afraid you’re right, Dormer. I told you how it would be. I hope we
shall learn the lesson.”
“It means another winter in the trenches.”
“Evidently.”
“It’s very bad for the men. They’ve nothing to show for all that’s been
done.”
“That’s nothing new.
“‘I’m sick of parading,
Through cold and wet wading,
Or standing all day to be shot in a trench!
I’m tired of marching,
Pipe-claying and starching,
How neat we must be to be shot by the French.’
That’s what the men thought of it a hundred years ago. Then, they
had to pipeclay their belts, two whacking great chest-constricting
cross-belts. And their officers didn’t arrange for them to play football,
every time they went out to rest. In fact they didn’t go out to rest.
They just stayed in the line.”
“It wasn’t very dangerous, was it?”
“There wasn’t the shell-fire, of course, but what about disease?”
“They were regulars.”
“My dear fellow, when is a soldier not a soldier?”
“I don’t like riddles.”
“This is a serious question. How long will the War last?”
“Oh,” cried Dormer bitterly, “another two years, I suppose.”
“You’re about twenty wrong. We shall have conscription shortly, then
the real strength will be put into the fight and will compensate for the
losses of France and the inertia of Russia. We shall then settle down
to the real struggle between England and Germany for the markets
of the world.”
Dormer frowned. “You’re a Socialist,” he said.
“Never mind my opinions. It won’t matter by the time we get back
into civvys what we are!”
Something rose up in Dormer. He said with certainty:
“You’re wrong. The men’ll never stand it. Two years at most.”
“The men stood it very well in the Peninsular for six years, and most
of them had been fighting somewhere or other for the previous
quarter of a century.”
“Once again, they were regulars.”
“Once again, so are you.
“‘For gold the sailor ploughs the main,
The farmer ploughs the manor,
The brave poor soldier ne’er disdain,
That keeps his country’s honour!’
That’s you to the life, Dormer. Twenty years hence you’ll be a
bronzed veteran, in a dirty uniform, with a quarter of a century’s
polish on your Sam Browne. You have already had more iron whizz
past your head than any regular soldier gets in a lifetime, or even the
lifetime of two or three generations. You’ve had a practical
experience of war that any general might envy. The only complaint I
have to make against you is that you’re conducting the whole
business as if you were back in your beastly bank, instead of, as the
song says, behaving as one ‘That keeps his country’s honour!’”
“That’s all nonsense. I’ve just sent the 561 Brigade to occupy the
new line that was taken up after the stunt last Thursday. You know
what it’s like. It’s the remains of a German trench turned round, so
that they have all the observation. They’ve strafed it to Hell, and we
are firing on photographs of trenches that are probably empty. It’s all
nonsense to say the defending side loses more men than the
attacking. That’s true while the attack is in progress, but an attack in
its very nature cannot last long, and then the defenders get their own
back.”
As he said the words they were enveloped in an explosion that
shook the wet out of the canvas upon them, and whose aftermath of
falling débris was echoed by stampeded traffic in the road.
“The Bosche seem set on proving you right,” laughed Kavanagh.
“They forget, as you do, that, sooner or later, an attack gets through
and ends the War.”
“Not this one. Nothing but no more reserves will end this. And that
may happen to both sides at once. It may all end in stalemate!”
“If it does, we shall fight again. We represent Right. The enemy
represents Wrong. Don’t you ever forget that for a moment.”
“I don’t. I believe we are in the right, or I should never have joined
up.” When really moved, there came into Dormer’s grey inexpressive
face a queer light, that might have made the Germans pause, had
they seen it. He was a man of few theories, but he was literally ready
to die for those few, when they were attacked. He went on shyly:
“But I don’t believe in war as a permanent means of settling
‘disputes.’”
“Bravo!” cried Kavanagh. “I like you when you speak out. I only wish
you did more of it. You’re quite right, but what you don’t see is that
modern society is so rotten that it can only be kept alive by violent
purges, credit cycles, strikes, and wars. If it were not for such drastic
remedies people of the twentieth century would perish of ease and
comfort.”
“Come, ease and comfort never killed anyone.”
“Spiritually!”
“Oh, I don’t go in for spiritualism!” Dormer was saying, when his
servant brought him his tea. There was bread, that had rolled on the
floor of a lorry until it tasted of dust, oil, blood, and coal. There was
butter. There was marmalade. There was some cake they had sent
him from home. Leaning his elbows on the board on which they
wrote, he held his enamel mug in both hands and swilled his
chlorinated-water, condensed-milk tasting tea. For the first time, as
he clasped the mug and filled his gullet he was warm, hands, mouth,
neck, stomach, gradually all his being. He put the mug down nearly
empty and shoved the cake over to Kavanagh. “Have some?” he
mumbled.
They found themselves in a village of the Somme country, hardly

recognizable for the division that had come there for the offensive,
five months before. Just infantry, with the necessary services,
without artillery, or cavalry, they were billeted in barns and cottages
up and down a narrow valley, with cliff-like downs rising each side
and a shallow, rapid stream flowing between poplars and osier beds
at the bottom. Dormer was entrusted with the critical military
operation of organizing Football, Boxing and entertainment, and
spent his time to his great satisfaction, up and down the three miles
of road that ran through the Divisional Area, notebook in hand, listing
the battalions or companies as entering for one or another of these
sports. He liked it and it suited him.
Mildly interested in sport as such, what he liked about his job was
that it kept his feet warm and his mind employed, and he arranged
so that his daily journey ended sufficiently far from Head-quarters for
some hospitable unit to say, “Oh, stop and have lunch!” It would then
be a nice walk back, a quiet hour or so, getting the correspondence
into shape before the Colonel returned from the afternoon ride, by
which he shook down his lunch and made a place for his dinner.
After that would be tea, orders to sign and circulate, mess, a game of
cards, and another day would be done. He had long found out that
the great art of war lay not in killing Germans, but in killing time.
Over and over again, every day and all day, as he moved up and
down those wintry roads, he looked at the faces of the men who
knew now that the great offensive had resulted in infinitesimal gains,
enormous losses, and only approached the end of the War by so
many weeks. He failed entirely to make out what was going on in
their minds. Officers were always officially pleased to see him
because he was attached to Divisional Head-quarters, because he
came to talk about games, not about work, because he was, as he
was perfectly conscious, one of the most difficult fellows in the world
to quarrel with. He had never had any great bitterness in life, and
was so averse to official “side” that he made an effort to appear as
informal as possible. Sometimes N.C.O.’s would be produced,
consulted as to whether a team could be got together, what amount
of special training could be allowed intending pugilists, without
interfering with necessary drills and fatigues, what histrionic, (or to
put it frankly), what music-hall talent could be found. The N.C.O.’s
were (of course) keen, smart, attentive, full of suggestions and
information. They had to be. They kept their jobs by so being, and
their jobs gave them just the opportunity to live about as well as
lumbermen in the remote parts of North America, instead of existing
like beasts in barns, not pet animals, not marketable produce, but
just beasts, herded and disposed of, counted and controlled, for
such was the fate of the average infantryman, and war being what it
is, there came a gradual acquiescence in it. It could be no other.
But all those plain soldiers, of whom only one or two per cent had
even a voice in their entertainment, of what they thought, who
knows? Dormer wondered. He wondered even more at himself. Why
on earth, in the midst of a European War that had changed his whole
existence so dramatically, he should want to go bothering his head
about what was happening to other people he couldn’t think, but he
went on doing it. Otherwise the life suited him rather well, and with
every fresh week that separated him from the offensive, a sort of
balance so natural to the thoroughly balanced sort of person that he
was, went on adjusting itself, and he found himself thinking that
perhaps in the new year there might be a new chance, the French,
the Russians, the Italians might do something, so might we. Then it
would be over, and one could go home.
It was then that the inevitable happened. He knew it as soon as he
got into the room at the Mairie that served for Q. office. He was so
sure that he stood turning over the correspondence on his desk, the
usual pile of returns, orders, claims and indents, without reading
them, certain that the Colonel was going to speak to him. At last the
Colonel did speak:
“Look here, Dormer, I thought we settled this?”
There it was, the blue questionnaire form, the other memorandums,
Divisional, Corps, Army French Mission, Base Authority, all saying
“Passed to you please, for necessary action.” With an absurd feeling
that it did not matter what he said, or did, and that the whole thing
was arranging itself without him, he got out:
“What is that, sir?”
“This—er—civilian claim for compensation. Something about a girl in
a hayfield. What did you do, when we were up in Flanders?”
He rebelled so against the unfairness of it.
“Major Stevenage had the matter in hand. I went with him to the
spot.”
“What did you find?”
“It was not what I—you—we thought, sir. The words ‘La Vierge’ were
intended to convey that a shrine had been damaged.”
“A shrine? Really. How odd the French are? It was accidental, was
it? Bad driving?”
“No, sir, not exactly. A driver wanted shelter for his mules——”
“Quite right, quite right.”
“So he broke into the shrine——”
“Ah, that was a mistake, of course. Whatever were his unit about to
let him?”
“The matter was not reported until later.”
“Then they placed him under arrest and stoppages?”
“They were moved immediately, sir. But I didn’t gather that any
action was taken.”
“But when Major Stevenage found it out?”
“It had happened so long before that he thought it was impossible to
pursue the matter. So I made a report and sent it to the proper
authority, to see if an ex. gratia payment could be made.”
“And they have done nothing, of course. So the French Mission have
dug it up again.”
“Indeed, sir.”
“Yes. Oh, I can’t wade through all this. But I tell you what, young
Dormer. You’ve got yourself involved in this correspondence, and I
shouldn’t be at all surprised if you didn’t ever get out. I shouldn’t
really.”
“I can’t see that I’ve done anything wrong, sir.”
“Can’t you? Well, it’s no good your telling the French Mission that,
I’m afraid. You might go and try to persuade them that there’s a
mistake, or an exaggeration, and get them to drop it. You’d better go
and see them anyhow. They’re at Flan! Take what’s-his-name with
you.”
From this, Dormer, by long experience, understood that he was to go
to Army Head-quarters and to take the Divisional French Liaison
Officer with him. He neither liked nor disliked the job. It was the sort
of thing one had to do in war-time and he was used to it. So he went
down the little stony street to the pork-butcher’s, where, upon the
swing-gate that admitted one to the dank, greasy, appetizing interior,
where every sort of out-of-the-way portion of the pig lay cooked and
smelling “sentimental,” hung the placard “French Liaison Officer,”
with the number of the Division carefully smudged out. Here, blue-
coated, booted and spurred, sat the French Liaison Officer,
innumerable small printed sheets of instructions before him, carefully
arranged on this pile or on that, while in between lay the cardboard-
covered dossiers.
Dormer’s immediate impression was: “Not enough to do. Passing the
time away,” but he had too much sympathy with such an attitude to
say so. He was greeted with effusion:
“My dear Dormer, to what do I owe the pleasure?”
Dormer never liked effusion. He replied briefly:
“This,” and threw the papers on the table.
It amused him to watch the change in the other’s face from purely
official politeness to perfectly genuine determination to keep out of it.
“Well, Dormer, you’ve heard of System D?”
He had to think whether it was Swedish gymnastics or a patent
medicine.
“It means ‘Debrouillez vous,’ or ‘Don’t get mixed up with it.’ That is
my advice to you. In any case I shall leave it alone. It is a matter of
discipline purely.”
“Quite so.” Dormer did not care whether the sarcasm was obvious.
“But I have received orders to go and see your Chief at Army Head-
quarters, and to take you with me. I suppose you don’t mind going.
It’ll be a ride.”
“I shall be delighted. I will go and tell my servant to have my horse
round. I will introduce you to Colonel Lepage. He is a man of
excellent family.”
“I thought you would,” said Dormer to himself.
Accordingly, they rode together. The Frenchman rode with style,
being bound to show that he was of the class of officer who could
ride, a sharp demarcation in his army. Dormer rode as he did
everything else. He had learned it as part of his training, without
enthusiasm, knowing that a motor-byke was a far better way of
getting about. But he was careful of a horse as of anything else.
They arrived at Flan. It was another little stone-built village. The only
difference he could see between it and Louches, which they had just
left, was that it stood on the top of a hill, the other along the bottom
of a valley.
Its present temporary occupants, however, he could soon see to be
a vastly different category. Every little house was placarded with the
signs or marks of the offices or messes it contained. Very-well-
groomed orderlies and signallers strolled or waited. Big cars and
impeccable riding horses were being held or standing. They found
the French Mission, got their horses held (instead of turning off the
petrol, and kicking down a stand, thought Dormer) and entered.
It was the little Picard parlour of some small rentier, who, having sold
beetroot to advantage during fifty years, found himself able at last to
fold his shirt-sleeved arms, and from his window, or often from his
doorway, to watch other people doing what he had done in the little
paved Place.
He, of course, had gone to Brittany, Bordeaux, the Riviera, to be out
of the sound of the guns that had killed his son, and his vacant place
had been scheduled by a careful Maire as available for billeting. The
French army, more impressed by orders, better trained, more
experienced, had carefully removed every picture, book, or cushion
and stored them in safety—where a British Mess would have left
them—at least until they were broken or disappeared. At small tables
sat two or three officers in azure, with three or more bars on the cuff.
Dendrecourt halted before one of these, clicked his heels, and
saluted, and asked if he might present the Captain Dormer, of the
English Army. Colonel Lepage rose with effusion, excessively
English:
“My dear Dormer, charmed to meet you. Sit down. What can we do
for you?”
“I have been sent to see you about a civilian claim for
compensation.”
“L’affaire Vanderlynde!” put in Dendrecourt.
“Aha!” The Colonel tapped his blotting-pad with a paper knife, and
knitted his brows. “What have you to propose?”
“My General”—Dormer was sufficiently practised to avail himself of
that fiction—“wished me to explain that this matter has been fully
investigated.”
“Ah! so we may shortly expect to hear that the guilty individual has
been arrested?”
“Well, not exactly an arrest, sir. The whole affair rests upon a
mistake.”
“What sort of mistake?” The other officers gave up whatever they
were doing, and gathered round at the tone of the last question.
“Upon investigation, it appears that the claim is not for—er—
personal violence.”
“I should be obliged if you would define personal violence.”
“That would take us rather far afield, sir. All I want to point out is that
the expression ‘La Vierge’ does not refer to Mademoiselle
Vanderlynden, but to an image in a shrine.”
There was some beginnings of a titter and Dormer was conscious
that he was blushing violently. But Colonel Lepage quelled the others
with a look. He had the matter so well in hand that Dormer began
slowly to feel that he must be one of those political soldiers, whose
every act and speech is dictated by the necessities of some policy,
hatched high up among Foreign Offices and their ante-rooms, and
worked out in detail by underlings dealing with underlings. Moreover,
Dormer was perfectly conscious that he was a junior officer, and
therefore a splendid target. Colonel Lepage would not meet him that
evening at Mess. He resigned himself, and the Colonel drew a long
breath, and let himself go.
“Upon my word, it is all very fine for you others. We are much
obliged for the information as to the meaning of the word Vierge. And
also for being told that no arrest has been made and that no
compensation has been offered. Unfortunately the matter has gone a
good deal further than you suppose, and we have to furnish a report
to a higher authority, to the French War Office in fact. The matter is a
most serious one. The claim is for trespass upon private property not
demarcated for billeting under the law of 1873. You follow?”
Dormer held his peace. With the exception of the word demarcated,
the Colonel’s English was as good as his own and many times more
voluble. He contented himself with thinking “Cock—cock—cock—
cock pheasant!”
“Then there is the actual damage to the fabric. You may not be
aware that such an object is held in great veneration by the owners,
more particularly in Flanders where they are very devout. But the
most serious thing of all was the treatment accorded to the Mayor
when he was—with the most perfect legality—called in by the
claimant to take official note of the damage. This functionary was
grossly insulted by the English troops and I regret to say that these
occurrences are far too frequent. Only last Easter at Bertezeele, the
procession of the Religious Festival was the object of laughter of the
troops, who may not be aware that the inhabitants attach great
importance to such matters, but who should be so instructed by their
officers. And at Leders-cappell only last week, the Mayor of that
Commune also was insulted in the middle of his official duties. These
incidents are very regrettable and must be checked. Therefore I
regret to say that your explanation is valueless. Perhaps you will be
so good as to convey this to your General?”
Dormer had a feeling that whatever he said would make no earthly
difference, so he merely muttered:
“Very good, sir,” and turned on his heel.
Walking their horses down the hill from Flan, Dendrecourt said:
“My word, he was in a state of mind, wasn’t he? our Colonel.”
Dormer had the clearest possible presentiment that the moment the
door closed upon them, the Colonel had said ‘Pan’ in imitation of a
cork being snapped into a bottle, and that all the rest of the officers
had laughed. So he said:
“What on earth is behind all this, Dendrecourt?”
“Why, nothing, except the dignity of France.”
“The whole job is only worth a pound or two. I’d have paid it out of
my own pocket rather than have all this about it.”
“Well, of course, you may have enough money to do it, but, my dear
Dormer, a few pounds in England is a good many francs in France,
not only in exchange value, but in sentiment. Then, no one likes
having his grandmother’s tomb broken into——”
“I suppose they will get over it, if they are paid enough money,”
rejoined Dormer, bitterly, for it was exactly what he had heard before.
“Certainly!” replied Dendrecourt, without noticing, “but it is most
unfortunate at this moment. There is a religious revival in France. A
new Commander-in-Chief and a new spirit, and these insults to the
religious sentiment are very trying. Then there is the insult to the
Mayor.”
“Oh, devil take the Mayor!”
The Frenchman shrugged. “The devil has taken all of us, my friend.
We are a sacrificed generation. You find the Mayor of Hondebecq
annoying. So do I. But not more than everything else. You would not
like it if French soldiers laughed at an English Mayor!”
“My dear Dendrecourt, in England a Mayor is somebody. Not an old
peasant dressed up in a top hat and an apron, all stars and stripes.”
“Well, here is lunch!” (He called it lernch.) “I will not join with you,
Dormer, in the game of slanging each other’s nationality.”
Dormer dismounted and handed over his horse, and went in to
lunch, walking wide in the legs and feeling a fool. The only pleasure
he had had was the male-game-bird appearance of Colonel Lepage.
Of course he said nothing about his morning’s work, and of course
Colonel Birchin had forgotten it. At the end of the week the Division
moved into the line and he had to go forward with that fellow
Kavanagh to check the workings of communications. They were “in”
four weeks, and came out in the great cold of January, 1917, and
were moved up near to Doullens. They had not been out a week
before the Colonel sent for him. He knew what it would be about, but
the whole of his mind being occupied with keeping warm, he did not
care. They were in huts, on a high plateau. White snow obliterated
every colour, softened every outline as far as the eye could reach,
except where the road to Arras lay black with its solid ice, the snow
that the traffic had trodden into water, refrozen into a long black
band, scattered with cinders, gravel, chalk, anything that made it
negotiable.
Dormer looked at the collection of huts, with the obvious pathways
between, the obvious, inevitable collection of traffic, lorries and
limbers, motor-cycles and horses, that accumulated round any
Head-quarters. He wondered how long it would take the Bosche to
discover it in some air-photo and bomb it all to blazes. Inside Q.
office, in spite of two big stoves in the tiny box of a place, it was so
cold that every one breathed clouds of steam, and the three officers,
and the clerks, sat in their coats.
“Look here, Dormer!”—the Colonel sounded as though he had a
personal grievance—“just look what I’ve got from the army.”
It was an official memorandum, emanating from Army Head-quarters
and duly passed through the Corps to whom they had belonged, and
by Corps to the Division, inquiring what results had been arrived at in
the Vanderlynden affair, and whether it could not be reported to the
Minister of War that the matter had reached a satisfactory
conclusion.
“I thought you settled all that, while we were at Louches?”
“Well, sir, I went to see them at Army Head-quarters and explained,
or tried to.”
“You don’t seem to have done any good at all. In fact it looks as
though you and Dendrecourt had a nice morning ride for nothing.”
“I couldn’t get a word in. It suited somebody’s politics to blackguard
us just then, and I left it at that. It didn’t seem any use arguing, sir.”
“Well, this must be stopped somehow. We shall have the French War
Minister taking the matter up with Whitehall, directly, and a nice
figure we shall all cut. I’ve known men sent to Salonika or Mespot, as
company commanders, for less than this.”
“Very good, sir. What shall I do?”
“Get on with it. Find out who did the beastly damage, and straf him.
Straf somebody, anyhow, and bring the remains here in a bag. We
can show it to Corps, and they can write a sermon on the efficiency
of the Adjutant-General’s Department.”
“Yessir. If you refer to the correspondence you will see that the name
of the unit is mentioned.”
Dormer stood perfectly still, while his superior officer turned over the
closely written, printed or typed sheets. His face was carefully veiled
in official blankness. He had an idea.
“Well, here you are,” the Colonel was saying, “469 Trench Mortar
Battery. You’ll have to go and see ’em. You ought to have done so
long before!”
Dormer could not help adding, maliciously:
“Wouldn’t it be sufficient if I were to send ’em a chit, sir?”
“No, it wouldn’t. We’ve had quite enough of this procrastination. It’ll
land us all in a nice hole, if we’re not careful. You go and see them
and insist on getting to the bottom of it.”
“Yes, sir. The order of battle will give their position.”
“I’ll see to that. I’ll have it looked up and let you know in the
morning.”

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Emerging Technologies in Data Mining

and Information Security Proceedings

Emerging Technologies in Data Mining and Information

Proceedings of the Third International Scientific

Proceedings of the Third International Scientific

Emerging Research in Computing, Information,

Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference FTC

Hybrid Intelligent Systems Ajith Abraham

Innovations in Bio Inspired Computing and Applications

Intelligent Systems Design and Applications Ajith

Ajith Abraham · Paramartha Dutta

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11156

Jyotsna Kumar Mandal Abhishek Bhattacharya

Paramartha Dutta Soumi Dutta

Jyotsna Kumar Mandal

ISSN 2194-5357 ISSN 2194-5365 (electronic)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2018950802

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019

Conference General Chair

Key Note Speakers

Dr. K. K. Shukla, IIT (BHU.), Varanasi, India

Technical Program Committee Chair

Technical Program Committee Co-chair

Dr. Tushar Kanti Bera, Yonsei University, Seoul

Organizing Committee Convener

Publicity and Sponsorship Chair

Treasurer and Conference Secretary

Hospitality and Transport Chair

Welcome to the Springer International Conference on Emerging Technologies in

Kolkata, India Bimal Kumar Roy

This volume presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging

of Engineering and Management under the leadership of Prof. Dr. Satyajit

Auburn, USA Ajith Abraham

Part I Artiﬁcial Intelligence

Gender Recognition Inclusive with Transgender from Speech

Part II Cloud Computing

Part III Computational Mathematics

Heat Equation-Based ECG Signal Denoising in The Presence

Part IV Computational Modeling

CRICRATE: A Cricket Match Conduction and Player Evaluation

Part V Computational Science

Analyzing the Complexity of Loop Shifting for Optimization

Part VII Expert System

Dr. Ajith Abraham received Ph.D. from Monash University, Melbourne,

of Engineering, Technology and Management, for two consecutive terms since

Abhishek Bhattacharya is Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer

Conference on Futuristic Trends in Network and Communication Technologies

Soumi Dutta is Assistant Professor at the Institute of Engineering and

Shubhranshu Kumar Tiwary, Jagadish Pal and Chandan Kumar Chanda

Abstract Monitoring a power network is an important task which is very compli-

S. K. Tiwary (B) · J. Pal · C. K. Chanda

© Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 3

2 Power System Model Evolution

The 1-line diagram of a 5-bus power system is as given below in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 Modified 5-bus network

They found themselves in a village of the Somme country, hardly

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