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MECHANICS OF STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS: ADVANCEMENTS
AND CHALLENGES
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 24TH AUSTRALASIAN CONFERENCE ON THE MECHANICS OF
STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS (ACMSM24), PERTH, AUSTRALIA, 6–9 DECEMBER 2016

Mechanics of Structures and Materials:

Advancements and Challenges

Editors
Hong Hao
Department of Civil Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, Australia

Chunwei Zhang
School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China

VOLUME 1
CRC Press/Balkema is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

© 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK

Typeset by V Publishing Solutions Pvt Ltd., Chennai, India

Printed and bound in Australia by Griffin Press

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stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
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persons as a result of operation or use of this publication and/or the information contained herein.

Published by: CRC Press/Balkema

P.O. Box 11320, 2301 EH Leiden, The Netherlands
e-mail: Pub.NL@taylorandfrancis.com
www.crcpress.com – www.taylorandfrancis.com

ISBN: 978-1-138-02993-4 (set of 2 volumes + USB-card)

ISBN: 978-1-138-02994-1 (Vol 1)
ISBN: 978-1-138-02995-8 (Vol 2)
ISBN: 978-1-315-22646-0 (eBook)
 Mechanics of Structures and Materials: Advancements and Challenges – Hao & Zhang (Eds)
© 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-02993-4

Table of contents

Preface xxi
Acknowledgements xxiii
Organizing committee xxv
International scientific committee xxvii

VOLUME 1

Keynote submissions
Strength design of high-strength steel beams 3
M.A. Bradford & X. Liu
Physical, chemical and microbiological processes in the long term corrosion of steel
and cast iron infrastructure 11
R.E. Melchers
Are seismically designed buildings inherently more resistant to progressive collapse? 23
D.A. Nethercot & C.A. Vidalis
Materials technology research to structural design of geopolymer concrete 31
J.G. Sanjayan
Maintenance and condition monitoring; multi-model and hybrid approach to SHM 41
A. De Stefano
VLFS technology for land creation on the sea 53
C.M. Wang

General submissions
Reinforced and prestressed concrete structures
Axially loaded three-side restrained reinforced concrete walls: A comparative study 65
N.M. Ho, M.M. Lima & J.H. Doh
Experimental investigation on the FRP-confined and unconfined concrete containing
high rubber content 73
R. Hassanli & O. Youssf
Effect of steel fibre on thermal behavior of concrete under elevated temperature 79
X. Liang & C.Q. Wu
Analysis of bridge abutment movement through a case study 85
M. Rashidi, B. Samali & S. Kempton
Early-age tensile creep and drying shrinkage in GGBFS concrete 91
I. Khan, A. Castel & R.I. Gilbert
Study of disturbed strain regions for serviceability analysis of cracked RC flexural members 97
A. Murray, R.I. Gilbert & A. Castel

v
Image analysis method used in the seismic rehabilitation of squat reinforced concrete shear
walls using CFRP sheets 103
J.E. Woods, D.T. Lau & Y.S. Yang
The effect of different shapes of shear keys at the interface of old and new concretes
of jacketed RC column 109
M.R. Alam, P.K. Sarker, M. Rahman & S.H. Himel
Performance of damaged RC beams repaired and/or strengthened with FRP sheets:
An experimental investigation 115
T. Imjai & R. Garcia
Post-yield bond behavior of reinforcing bars embedded in concrete under axial loading
up to fracture 121
J. Yu, K.H. Tan & N.S. Lim
Eliminating shrinkage in tension stiffening model of concrete beams by the hybrid approach 129
G. Kaklauskas, P.L. Ng & V. Gribniak
Numerical modelling of cracked RC tension members using stress-transfer approach 137
G. Kaklauskas, P.L. Ng, R. Jakubovskis & R. Ramanauskas
Finite element modelling of concrete filled steel tubes subjected to static pure bending 143
A. Karrech, M. Elchalakani & H. Basarir
Experimental study on the tensile and bending creep behavior of cracked UHP-FRCC 149
T. Nishiwaki, H. Otaki, G. Igarashi, S. Kwon, F. Shaikh & A.P. Fantilli
Screw anchors installed in early age concrete 155
A. Mohyeddin, E. Gad, R. Khandu, K. Yangdon, J. Lee & M. Ismail

Steel and composite structures

Analysis of demountable steel column-baseplate connections under monotonic loading 163
D. Li, B. Uy, F. Aslani & V. Patel
Rigorous method for flexural design of reinforced concrete members 169
Y.F. Wu
Behaviour of load carrying precast concrete sandwich panels under various supporting
conditions 175
E. Hamed
Shear buckling of composite plates on tensionless elastic foundations 181
J. Dong, X. Ma, J.E. Mills & Y. Zhuge
Asset management of steel bridges 187
M. Rashidi, B. Samali, A. Azad & H. Hatamian
Bond deterioration between near-surface mounted carbon FRP strips and concrete
under moisture conditions 193
H. Aydin, R.J. Gravina & P. Visintin
Fatigue tests on notched steel beams strengthened with CFRP laminates 201
Q.Q. Yu & Y.F. Wu
Galvanic corrosion behavior of the welding of stainless steel and carbon steel 207
Y. Miyazaki & K. Komi
Effects of floor slabs on the structural performance of blind-bolted composite joints 215
M.K. Hassan, Z. Tao, T.Y. Song & L.H. Han
Simplified numerical modelling of circular concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns 223
U. Katwal, Z. Tao, M.K. Hassan & W.D. Wang
Analysis of mechanical behaviour of circular concrete filled steel tube columns using
high strength concrete 231
H.D. Phan & H.H. Trinh

vi
Behaviour of composite sandwich beams with different shear span-to-depth ratios 237
W. Ferdous, A. Manalo & T. Aravinthan
Behavior of pultruded multi-celled GFRP hollow beams with low-strength concrete infill 243
M. Muttashar, W. Karunasena, A. Manalo & W. Lokuge
Effects of fibre location and density on the flexural toughness in FRC beams 249
M. Manca, D. Ciancio & P. Dight
Process-induced deformation of composite I-shaped stiffened structures 255
C. Dong & J. Pitt
Global stability investigation on welded Q460GJ structural steel unrestrained beams
under three-point bending tests 259
B. Yang, G. Xiong, Y. Zhang, S.D. Nie & M. Elchalakani
System transformation scheme and construction control method for self-anchored
suspension bridge with steel-concrete composite girder 265
T.P. Wang, X.Y. Zhou, G.J. He & J. Yi
A comprehensive study on corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement of low carbon steel 271
L. Li, M. Mahmoodian, C.Q. Li & S.W. Zhou

Structural mechanics, computational mechanics, fracture and damage mechanics

Finite element analysis of the crushing behaviour of aluminium honeycombs under combined
compression-shear loads 279
A.A. Ashab, D. Ruan & G.X. Lu
An adaptive elastic scaled boundary finite element approach for limit analysis of structures 287
A. Mellati, C. Song, F. Tin-Loi & S. Tangaramvong
Stress intensity factors for inclined cracks in pipes under axial
tension and bending 293
G.Y. Fu, C.Q. Li & W. Yang
Scaled boundary finite element method for exterior acoustic-structure interaction analyses 299
L. Liu, C. Song, W. Gao & C. Birk
A discrete framework for fracture simulation based on the embedment of strong discontinuities
with minimum degrees of freedom 305
D. Dias-da-Costa & G. Ranzi
Numerical modelling of concrete beams at serviceability conditions with a discrete crack
approach and non-iterative solution-finding algorithms 311
D. Dias-da-Costa, R.N.F. do Carmo & R. Graça-e-Costa
New method to investigate the permeability of stressed concrete 317
M.D. Wimalasiri, D.J. Robert & C.Q. Li
Unified uncertain stability analysis of structures 323
W. Gao, D. Wu & F. Tin-Loi
Discrete element modelling of fracture in quasi-brittle materials 329
N.H.T. Nguyen, H.H. Bui, J. Kodikara, S. Arooran, G.D. Nguyen & P. Jitsangiam
Inelastic analysis of steel concrete composite beams based on a higher order beam theory 337
A.H. Sheikh, M.A. Uddin & J. Wen
An analytical approach to determine the span and fracture positions of roof strata prior
to rock burst 345
S.T. Ji, C.W. Zhang & K.Z. Zhang
Stress analysis of STL models by octree mesh and scaled boundary finite element method 351
Y. Liu, A.A. Saputra & C. Song
Effect of corrosion influencing factors of cast iron pipes in clay soil 357
W.G. Wang, D.J. Robert, A. Zhou & C.Q. Li

vii
Analysis of nano-beams with influences of surface stresses and nonlocal elasticity 363
T.B. Nguyen, J. Lawongkerd & J. Rungamornrat
An efficient finite element model of bolted disk-drum joints in aero-engine 371
Z.Y. Qin & F.L. Chu
Crack breathing as a function of crack location under the effect of unbalance force 377
H.M. Mobarak & H. Wu
Multicomponent tensile buckling 383
I.T. Hossain, F. Guillard & I. Einav
An insight into equivalent strut modelling of infill-RC frames 387
A. Mohyeddin, S. Dorji, E. Gad & H. Goldsworthy

Civil engineering materials

Workability and compressive strength properties of high strength geopolymer mortars 395
M.Z.N. Khan, F. Shaikh, Y.F. Hao & H. Hao
Experimental study on optimizing the crumb rubber concrete mechanical
performance 401
O. Youssf & R. Hassanli
Steel fibre reinforced concrete: From X-ray imaging observation to modelling 407
T.S. Ng, T.N.S. Htut & S.J. Foster
Comparative performance of alkali-activated slag and fly ash at elevated temperatures 415
Z. Pan, Z. Tao, Y.F. Cao, N. Bajracharya, T. Murphy & R. Wuhrer
Effects of elevated temperature curing of brown coal fly ash geopolymer 421
R. Dirgantara & D.W. Law
Structural behaviour of UHPFRC short and slender columns subjected to axial
and eccentric loads 427
M.S. Mohamed Ali, M. Singh & A.H. Sheikh
The effect of aluminium reaction on formation mechanism and structural properties
of geopolymers 433
A. Hajimohammadi, T.D. Ngo & P. Mendis
Comparison of creep behaviour of geopolymer concrete and OPC concrete 437
C.H. Un, J.G. Sanjayan & R. San Nicolas
Experimental investigation of water vapour sorption isotherms and microstructure
of low calcium geopolymer binders 443
J.M. de Burgh, I.M.A. Al-Damad & S.J. Foster
Influences of graphene oxide on electrical resistivity development of Portland
cement paste 449
W.G. Li, Z.Y. Luo, C. Long, W.H. Duan & S.P. Shah
A novel composite material of A356 aluminum alloy reinforced with alumina (Al2O3)
powder for automobile construction industries 453
S. Numsarapatnuk, T. Imjai & W. Insorn
Investigation of equivalent frame modelling for seismic analysis of unreinforced masonry
buildings with flexible diaphragms 459
Y. Nakamura, H. Derakhshan, A.H. Sheikh, M.C. Griffith & J. Ingham
Design of alkali activated concrete using the Taguchi method 465
N.A. Farhan, M.N. Sheikh & M.N.S. Hadi
Mechanical behavior of a new Polyvinyl Alcohol fiber reinforced Engineered Cementitious
Composite (PVA-ECC) using local ingredients 471
D. Meng, C.K. Lee & Y.X. Zhang
Analytical study on material properties of fibre reinforced cementitious composites 477
H. Tian, Y.X. Zhang, Y.H. Cui & C. Yang
viii
Controlling the setting time of pavement concrete using accelerating-admixture
by silica fume technology 483
N.H. Hai & T.V. Mot
Direct tensile test of high strength concrete with and without steel fibres 487
H.A. Hasan, F. Alhussainy, M.N. Sheikh & M.N.S. Hadi
Influence of steel, glass and hybrid fibres on the behaviour of reactive powder concrete 493
A.H.M. Algburi, M.N. Sheikh & M.N.S. Hadi
Laboratory tests of the pull-out behaviour of spiral shaped steel fibres from concrete matrix 499
Y.F. Hao & H. Hao
A novel numerical method for simulations of leaching of cementitious materials
in ammonium nitrate solution 505
Y. Yu & Y.X. Zhang
Estimation of elastic modulus of cementitious materials under external sulfate attack 509
Y. Yu & Y.X. Zhang

Shock and impact loading

Confinement efficiency of concrete cylinders wrapped with different types of FRP under
impact loads 515
T.M. Pham & H. Hao
Implosive demolition of tall masonry and concrete chimney stacks within a designed footprint 521
G.J. McKenzie, B. Samali & C.W. Zhang
Multi-hazard resistance capacity of precast segmental column with post-tensioning tendon
under impact and cyclic loading 529
X.H. Zhang, H. Hao & C. Li
Development of an anchor system for seismic and blast retrofit of reinforced concrete
structures using FRP sheets 535
J.E. Woods & D.T. Lau
Study on dynamic characteristics of pre-damaged rock under impact loading 543
S. Liu & C.W. Zhang
FBG based strain monitoring of reinforced concrete blast walls under high-velocity bullets
penetration 549
Q.H. Zhang, Y. Wang, Y.Y. Sun, L. Gao, J.L. Duan, Z.L. Zhang, X.D. Huang,
Z.W. You, F.J. Rong & Z.S. Chen
Research on SHM of concrete based on FBGs without coating under explosion load 555
Y.Y. Sun, Q.H. Zhang, L. Gao, J.L. Duan, Y. Wang, Z.L. Zhang, X.D. Huang & Z.W. You
The effect of shear and bending capacities on impact behavior of RC beams 561
P. Wongmatar, C. Hansapinyo, K.M. Bi & V. Vimonsatit
Experimental study on steel wire mesh reinforced concrete slabs against close-in detonations 567
J. Li & C.Q. Wu
Experimental study of steel wire mesh reinforced structural insulated panels against
windborne debris impact 571
W.S. Chen, H. Hao & Q.F. Meng
Numerical analysis of human body motion under explosion 577
P.W. Sielicki & T. Gajewski
Fatigue damage of V-lock chain ring for mining under random load 581
Q. Zhang & H.J. Wang
Ballistic performance of plymetal structure produced by direct metal deposition 587
S.H. Masood, D. Ruan & P. Rajapatruni
Impact responses of aluminium foam sandwich panels with fibre metal laminate skins 593
C.J. Liu & Y.X. Zhang
ix
Design of a hybrid composite anti-ram bollard against impact 599
P. Tran, S. Linforth, R. Lumantarna & T.D. Ngo
Isogeometric analysis of functionally graded plates based on a new polynomial
displacement field 605
T.N. Nguyen, P. Tran & T.D. Ngo
Design optimisation of auxetic composite structures under blast loading 611
G. Imbalzano, P. Tran, S. Linforth, T.D. Ngo, P.V.S. Lee & P. Mendis

Earthquake loading, traffic and other man-made loadings

Effect of partially infill wall on the seismic behavior of RC frame buildings 619
K. Thinley & H. Hao
Large-scale testing of bridge system with unseating mitigation devices under spatially
varying ground motions 627
B. Shrestha, H. Hao, K.M. Bi, L.X. He & W.X. Ren
Seismic performance of FRPs reinforced concrete filled steel tube 633
C.Y. Zhu, L. Sun & Y.H. Zhao
Experimental and numerical analyses on dynamic properties of materials in shaking table test 639
H. Zhang, H.N. Li, D.B. Wang & M. Li
Dimensional analysis of pounding effect between adjacent inelastic oscillators 645
S. Jiang, C.W. Zhang & B. Mou
Simulation of three-component seismic motions at seafloor using onshore earthquake recordings 651
C. Li, H.N. Li, K.M. Bi & H. Hao
Response uncertainty under varying orientations of ground motions 657
Z. Alam, C.W. Zhang & B. Samali
Earthquake-resistant performance of a steel frame model with inverse-chevron buckling
restrained braces 663
Y. Xu, H. Guan, H. Karampour, Y.-C. Loo & X.J. Zhou
Nonlinear dynamics analysis of a cracked beam subjected to combined harmonic excitations
by precise integration method 669
C.C. Cui, J.K. Liu & Y.M. Chen
Simplified fatigue assessment for earthquake losses: Cycle counting and fragility analysis
to quantify damage 675
J.B. Mander, G.W. Rodgers & D. Whittaker
Problematic issues surrounding footfall excitation of floor slabs in buildings 683
L. Nguyen & N. Haritos
Study on the design method of story stiffness in the reinforced concrete dual structural systems 691
W.X. Xu, W.S. Yang, J.G. Zhang & D.H. Yu
Numerical simulation and experimental study for smart isolation control system based
on LQR algorithm 697
W.Q. Fu, W.Q. Tang & C.W. Zhang
Dynamic modeling of magnetorheological elastomer base isolator based on extreme
learning machine 703
Y. Yu, Y. Li, J. Li, X. Gu & S. Royel
A metric to measure the resilience of communities based on the seismic performance
of buildings: A CBD perspective 709
Q. Tao & Z. He
Effect of damping on progressive collapse performance of structures 715
J. Yu & C. Yin

x
Mode-based equivalent method for seismic response analysis of soil column 721
C. Li, Y. Yuan, J.Y. Yuan & H.T. Yu
Uncertain dynamic instability analysis of column subject to axial load 727
Y. Huang, A. Liu, D. Wu & W. Gao

Structural health monitoring and damage identification, structural reliability

and optimization
Fiber Bragg Grating monitoring in the gravel soil landslide experiment 735
Y. Wang, L. Gao, Y.Y. Sun, Q.H. Zhang, J.L. Duan, Z.L. Zhang, X.D. Huang & Z.W. You
Automation processing realization of internal force monitoring information of supporting
structure of foundation pit 741
L. Gao, Y. Wang, J.L. Duan, Y.Y. Sun, Q.H. Zhang, X. Rong, Z. Xiong & C. Ma
Stress response and damage of a masonry structure subjected to ground motion induced
by tunnel blasting using modal analysis method 747
X. Guan, C.W. Zhang, P. Zhang, X. Wang & Z. Yang
Development of an optimum maintenance strategy for infrastructure 755
H. Baji, C.Q. Li & M. Mahmoodian
Repair of corroded steel pipelines using CFRP 761
M. Elchalakani & A. Karrech
Vibration and structural performance of PC deteriorated girder under varying
environmental conditions 767
M.T. Ha & S. Fukada
Temperature-based stiffness identification of Que-Ti’s in a historic Tibetan timber building 775
Q.S. Yang, M.N. Lyu & X.Q. Zhu
Study of ultrasonic guided waves inspection for arch bridge suspender cables
based on SAFE 783
P.F. Zhang, Z.F. Tang, F.Z. Lv, K.J. Yang & X.Y. Jiang
Performance framework for modular construction 789
L. Pham, E. Gad, S. Fernando & K. Hargroves
Close-range photogrammetry for accurate deformation distribution measurement 793
J.J. Wang, N. Gowripalan, J. Li & V.V. Nguyen

Soil mechanics, foundation engineering and pavement technology

Fire-damaged flexible pavement deterioration under dynamic loading: A finite element study 803
S. Fragomeni & R.C. van Staden
Full-depth flexible pavement performance impacted by rainfall: Finite element analysis 809
R.C. van Staden, S. Fragomeni & Y. Chen
Numerical simulation of shear band on gradient plastic theory 815
S. Hou, S. Guo & X. Du
Dynamic soil-bridge interaction for incident plane waves 821
S.L. Chen & J. Jin
A constitutive model for size dependent behaviour of soils 827
D.G. Phan, G.D. Nguyen & H.H. Bui
Approach for calculating the stress response of transversely isotropic stratified soil 835
Z.J. Han, X.W. Zhou & G. Lin
Flexural behaviour of concrete pavements reinforced with geogrid materials 843
A.S. Al-Hedad & M.N.S. Hadi

xi
Investigation of water seepage in multi-storey buildings by vibration measurements and moisture
monitoring 849
S.S.E. Lam, J.L. Fu, V. Wong & T.H.T. Chan
Effects of particle shape on the collapse behaviour of a coarse grain material 855
R. Mahinroosta, V. Oshtaghi & M. Li
Experimental study on multi-layer composite pavement system under drop weight impacts 861
J. Wu, X. Liu & C.W. Zhang

Coastal and offshore structures, wave and wind loading

Microstructural effect on the marine corrosion of low-carbon steel weldments 869
I.A. Chaves & R.E. Melchers
On collapse of pipe-in-pipe systems under external pressure 875
H. Karampour, M. Alrsai, H. Guan & F. Albermani
Anti-roll motions control of semi-submersible platform using tuned rotary inertia
damper system 881
H. Liang, C.W. Zhang & L. Li
In-plane crashworthiness of chiral honeycombs 889
D. Gao & C.W. Zhang
Natural frequency and sensitivity analysis of tripod foundation for offshore wind turbine 895
J.H. Zhang, Q.Y. Wang, C.W. Zhang & D.W. Gao
Fragility curves of existing offshore platforms against storm loads using Endurance Wave
Analysis (EWA) 903
M. Zeinoddini, H.M. Nikoo & Y. Yaghubi
Non-linear irregular wave interaction with a tripile foundation 911
R. Mo, M. Li & H.G. Kang

Thermal effects and fire engineering

Tensile and shear behaviour of Hollo-Bolts at elevated temperatures 921
Z. Tao, T.Y. Song & A. Razzazzadeh
Effect of calcium aluminate cement on workability and compressive strength of fly ash
geopolymer mortar cured at ambient temperature 927
Y.F. Cao, Z. Tao, Z. Pan, T. Murphy & R. Wuhrer
Study of class G well cement behavior under triaxial compression and flexure tests 933
E. Arjomand, T. Bennett & G.D. Nguyen
An investigation into the effect of exposed timber on thermal load 939
C. Gorska Putynska, A. Law & J. Torero
Fire performance of cold-formed steel stud walls lined with calcium silicate boards 945
A.D. Ariyanayagam & M. Mahendran
An investigation into temperature gradient effects on concrete performance
at elevated temperatures 951
Q.X. Le, V.T.N. Dao, C. Maluk, J. Torero & L. Bisby
Efficiency of different intensity measures for probabilistic fire engineering 957
M. Shrivastava, A.K. Abu, R.P. Dhakal & P.J. Moss
Effect of transient thermal strain on the stability of shallow concrete arches 963
Y. Bouras & Z. Vrcelj
Spalling of concrete structural walls exposed to fire 971
M. Hedayati, M. Sofi, P. Mendis & T.D. Ngo

Author index 977

xii
VOLUME 2

Mini-symposiums
Young experts mini-symposium on structural health monitoring
Sensor fault detection for structural health monitoring using dynamic independent
component analysis 985
H.B. Huang, T.H. Yi & H.N. Li
Structure damage identification method based on statistical characteristics of the structural
vibration response 991
J.X. Yang, J.Q. Shu & L. Huang
Steel bar corrosion monitoring based on encapsulated piezoelectric sensors 999
Y. Xu, J. Zhou & Y.F. Zhao
A performance-based service life design method for reinforced concrete structures under
chloride environment 1005
D.H. Yang, T.H. Yi & G.P. Li
Modal frequency-ambient condition pattern recognition by a novel machine learning
algorithm 1013
H.Q. Mu, K.-V. Yuen & S.-C. Kuok
Dynamic loading test and numerical simulation on reinforced concrete members 1019
G.X. Fan, H.Y. Guo, S.T. Yang, D.B. Wang & H. Zhang
A LC oscillation method for stress measurement of steel strands 1025
B.N. Zhang, X.X. Li, C. Yuan & Z.M. Chen
Analytical global sensitivity analysis for parameter selection in finite element model
updating 1031
H.P. Wan & W.X. Ren
A condition assessment method for the time-variant seismically isolated structure 1037
Y. Ding & L.N. Guo
Power Spectral Density Transmissibility (PSDT): An effective tool towards operational
modal analysis insensitive to natural excitation 1043
W.J. Yan, Q. Sun & W.X. Ren
Impact load identification for composite structures using Bayesian regularization
and artificial bee colony algorithm 1049
G. Yan & H. Sun
Damage localization of long-span bridges based on stress influence lines and information
fusion technique and its validation 1057
W.B. Yang, Z.W. Chen, Q.L. Cai, S.Y. Zhu & Q.F. Cheng
CCD deflection monitoring system for Songjiazhuang cloverleaf junction 1063
B.H. Shan, L. Wang, X.Y. Huo, W.T. Yuan, Z.L. Xue & J.P. Ou
Dynamic condensation approach to finite element model updating of large-scale structures 1069
S. Weng, W. Tian, H.P. Zhu, F.N. Li & Y. Xia
Study about optical fiber force-testing ring for bridge cable force monitoring 1077
S.Y. Li, X.F. Zhao & D.S. Li
Behaviors prediction of pre-pressed spring self-centering energy dissipation brace 1081
L.H. Xu, X.W. Fan & Z.X. Li
Impact behavior of corroded RC beams 1087
O. Yang & M.J. Dai
Design and application of structural health monitoring system for Dalian gymnasium 1093
L. Ren, T.H. Yi & H.N. Li

xiii
Stationarity test of vibration signals with time-frequency surrogates 1097
Z.C. Wang, F. Wu & W.X. Ren
Structural damage detection from a new damage index formed from displacement response 1103
X.Y. Li & K. Huang
Mechanical behavior investigation of a novel 3D isolator made of shape memory alloy
pseudo-rubber 1109
S.C. Li, H. Xu, H. Li, C.X. Mao & G.B. Zhao
Structural damage detection using residual force and ICA 1115
Z.H. Ding, Z.R. Lv & J.K. Liu
Artificial bee colony algorithm for structural damage identification in axially functionally
graded beams 1121
R.Z. Yao, J.K. Liu & Z.R. Lu
Structural damage identification of a bridge from a passing test vehicle using frequency
domain method 1125
Y. Yang & B.Y.L. Jia
Study on the two points-pasted reinforcement corrosion monitoring method based on FBG 1131
L. Sun, C.Y. Zhu, C. Chen & J. Li
Numerical analysis and experimental study on ice-induced vibration of jacket ocean
offshore platform with rocking column 1135
J.G. Zhang & F.F. Liu
Fatigue cracking identification of reinforced concrete bridges using vision-based
sensing technology 1141
X.W. Ye & C.Z. Dong
Experimental study on structural measurements analysis for finite element model updating 1147
H. Song, B. Wu & L.R. Zhou
The study on the durability of GFRP rebars when sustaining load 1153
J.W. Tu, A. Almansoor & D.L. Guo
Development of Elasto-Magneto-Electric (EME) sensor for steel cable force monitoring 1159
R. Zhang, Y.F. Duan, Y. Zhao, Y.Z. Luo, S.W. Or & K.Q. Fan
Deflection identification of a pre-stressed concrete continuous beam bridge 1165
Z. Chen, Y.D. Tian, Q. Xia, P.J. Li, Y.F. Zhang, Z.S. Wu & J. Zhang
Monitoring and seismic response analysis of long irregular base-isolated structure including
temperature effect 1173
W.R. Li, W.Z. Zheng, Y.F. Du, H. Li & H. Wang
Slope stability analysis and early warning via WSN technique 1181
Z. Lu, C.Y. Liu, X.S. Han & J.D. Peng
The effects of service environment on health monitoring of concrete structures using
smart aggregates 1187
D.J. Zou, C.C. Du & T.J. Liu
Long-term performance analysis of structural key elements using monitoring data 1193
W. Lu, L.H. Qiu & J. Teng
Structural health monitoring and performance evaluation of a large diameter bored pile
with distributed fiber optic sensors 1199
D.S. Xu
Effect of seismic duration and safety margin on structural dynamic reliability 1205
Z.H. Zhang, X.Y. Wu & W.J. Yang
Damping effect on vortex-induced vibration of stay cable using cross ties installed with damper 1213
M. Liu & W.H. Yang

xiv
Study on damage diagnosis indices fusion for long-span suspension bridges under
ambient vibration 1217
J.J. Zhu, L.X. Wang, H. Jiang & X.Y. Li
Stochastic modelling of fatigue crack evolutions in composite blades of offshore wind turbines 1223
C. Zhang & H.P. Chen
Compressive sensing system based on random demodulation for structural health monitoring 1229
D. Liang, X. Li & Z.F. Fan
Guided wave-based structural health monitoring of the full-scale composite aircraft tail in static test 1235
Y.S. Wang, H. Sun & X.L. Qing
Study on resisting-high-strain performance of piezoelectric transducer 1241
H. Sun, Y.S. Wang & X.L. Qing
Entropy change research of concrete cracking evolution based on dissipative structure 1249
C.S. Xiang, F.C. Mao, J.S. Cheng, Y. Zhou, M.D. Li & L.X. Wang
System identification of an in-service utility-scale wind turbine tower for vibration-based
structural health monitoring 1255
K.S. Dai, Y. Wang, Y. Xu, W. Zhu & J. Liu
Damage identification of simply supported beam subjected to moving force 1261
W.Y. He, S. Zhu & W.X. Ren
Reconstruction of distributed wind load on structures from response samples 1265
S.Q. Wu & J. Zhu
Establish equivalent model for structure damage detection based on the main navigation
channel of Donghai bridge 1273
H.W. Huang, H.J. Li & X. Chu
Steady suction-based aerodynamic control for suppressing vortex induced vibration
of a bridge deck section 1279
D.B. Xin, H.F. Zhang & J.P. Ou
Numerical simulation of wind field on the site of a long-span bridge located in mountainous
area based on WRF 1285
Y. Han, L. Shen & C.S. Cai
Research on the cable clamp control method of wake galloping on the straddle sling
of suspension bridges 1291
P. Guo, S.L. Li & D.W. Wang
Mitigation of wind-induced vibration of a multi-tower building using tuned
mass damper 1295
X. Chen, A.Q. Li, Z.Q. Zhang & P. Sun
Wind–induced vibration control and energy harvesting of buildings via a regenerative
electromagnetic tuned mass damper 1301
H.X. Sun, Y.F. Luo & X.Y. Wang
Research of the temperature effects on strain response in the steel-truss arch railway bridge
using FIR filtering 1307
H.W. Zhao, Y.L. Ding & A.Q. Li
Research on regional sensitivity of dynamic response for long span suspension bridge based
on SHM data 1313
C.Q. Miao, H.F. You & H.B. Zhu
Operational modal analysis and full-scale test of a 13-storey new precast superimposed slab
shear wall building 1319
Y.C. Ni, X.L. Lu & W.S. Lu
A multi-objective firefly algorithm for wireless sensor placement in structural health monitoring 1325
G.D. Zhou & M.X. Xie

xv
Turbulent wind characteristics of tropical cyclones based on a revised uniform
analysis framework 1331
L.X. Li, T. Wu, Y.Q. Xiao & L.L. Song
Wind induced vibrations of vertical hangers of a long-span suspension bridge considering
the interference of upstream tower column 1339
W.L. Chen, D.L. Gao & H. Li
Influence of subway traffic induced vibration study for surface wave based
nonintrusive monitoring 1343
K.S. Dai, K. Liu, X.F. Li, Y.F. Weng, L.G. Huang, X. Zhao & Q.Y. You
Damping ratios identification by sensitivity-based model updating: Experimental
investigation 1349
J. Li, H. Hao & G. Fan
Improved CoC matrix for damage detection with general white noise excitation 1355
S.S. Law & Y. Hui
Aqueduct leakage monitoring based on an image difference algorithm: Preliminary
experimental validation 1363
Y.H. An, Z.Z. Wang & J.P. Ou

Structural health monitoring: Theories and application

Decentralized damage detection for nonlinear structures 1369
P.H. Ni & Y. Xia
Comparison of statistical and non-statistical artificial neural network methods
for damage detection using modal data 1375
K.H. Padil & N. Bakhary
System identification of nonlinear structures by a substructuring method 1381
S. Weng, F. Gao, H.P. Zhu, W. Tian, Y.Y. Yan & F.N. Li
Planning and managing uncertainties in known broadband input vibration test 1389
C.T. Ng & S.K. Au
Bayesian approach for characterizing wind-induced displacement responses of bridge
using structural health monitoring data 1395
Y.Q. Ni & Y.W. Wang
Nonlinear joint model updating using static load test results 1401
P.P. Yuan, Z.C. Wang, W.X. Ren & X. Yang
Sensitivity analysis of stress influence line-based damage indices application to long-span
bridges: Preliminary study 1407
L.Y. Mo, Z.W. Chen, S.Y. Zhu & Q.F. Cheng
Application of the impedance-based technique for damage diagnosis on tunnel
segment structure 1415
H.P. Zhu, D.M. Ai & H. Luo
Vibration and deformation monitoring of a long-span rigid-frame bridge with distributed
long-gauge sensors 1423
Y.D. Tian, X. Zhang & J. Zhang
Prediction of crack propagation by vector form intrinsic finite element method 1429
Y.F. Duan, S.M. Wang, R.Z. Wang, C.Y. Wang & E.C. Ting
Experimental study about damage identification for underground structure based on frequency
response function 1435
S.N. Wang, H. Luo & H.P. Zhu
Simultaneous identification of moving forces and structural damages by L1/2 regularization
method 1441
C.D. Pan & L. Yu

xvi
Damage identification of monopile offshore wind structures using data fusion of acceleration
and angular velocity 1447
S.-H. Sim, E. Kim & J.-W. Park
Concrete crack assessment using unmanned aerial vehicle 1451
H. Kim & S.-H. Sim
Large scale neural network for damage detection in civil engineering structures 1457
D. Darsono, K. Park & M. Torbol
Bridge deflection estimation using multi-channel acceleration measurement 1463
T. Nagayama & C. Zhang
Vibration monitoring of expressway viaducts and comparative analysis of their
dynamic characteristics 1469
M. Kuleli, T. Nagayama & D. Su
Investigating feasibility of drive-by bridge monitoring by laboratory experiments 1477
C.W. Kim, K.C. Chang, S. Inoue, S. Hasegawa & P.J. McGetrick
Dynamic response based damage detection for beam-like structures using deep learning 1485
Y.Z. Lin & H.W. Ma
Threshold selection method for GDP model based on estimated strain extreme values
of bridge due to vehicle loads 1493
X. Yang, J. Zhang & W.X. Ren
An experimental study of a nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvester 1499
W. Shen, Z. Huang & H.P. Zhu
Operational modal analysis for structural health monitoring 1503
H.F. Lam, J.H. Yang & J. Hu
Time series-based structural safety diagnosis using statistical process control
of root mean square 1509
H. Yu, H.P. Zhu, F. Gao & S. Weng

Australian network of structural health monitoring

Analysis of stress effect on Lamb wave propagation in isotropic plates 1517
C.T. Ng, M. Mohabuth & A. Kotousov
Dynamic performance assessment of a novel pultruded fibre-reinforced polymer
footbridge 1523
J.W. Ngan, C. Caprani, E. Ahmadi & Y. Bai
Static performance assessment of a novel pultruded fibre-reinforced polymer footbridge 1529
S.H. Zhang, C. Caprani, S. Satasivam & Y. Bai
Useful tips for automated model updating of medium rise buildings 1535
K.A.T.L. Kodikara, T.H.T. Chan, A. Nguyen & D.P. Thambiratnam
Simulation of various damage scenarios using finite element modelling for structural
health monitoring systems 1541
V.V. Nguyen, J. Li, Y. Yu, U. Dackermann & M.M. Alamdari
Development of a portable NDE system with advanced signal processing and machine
learning for health condition diagnosis of in-service timber utility poles 1547
Y. Yu, J. Li, U. Dackermann & M. Subhani
Ultrasonic monitoring of infrastructure: Comparison of conventional and laser systems 1553
S. Majhi, A. Mukherjee, V. Karaganov & B. Uy
Utilizing smartphones for geospatial data collection and construction set out surveying 1559
A.M. Lee, S. Majhi & A. Mukherjee
Railway track condition monitoring using dynamic measurements on in-service vehicles 1565
X.Q. Zhu, S.S. Law & B. Samali

xvii
Infrastructure resilience to earthquake actions
Seismic response of secondary structures located at different levels of a building 1573
E. Lim & N. Chouw
Experimental investigation of long span transmission tower-line system subjected
to non-uniform seismic excitations 1577
L. Tian, X. Gai, Y.H. Niu & R.S. Ma
Cyclic load responses of RC hollow bridge columns 1583
Y.L. Zhou & Q. Han
Composite optimal control for the seismic response of a long-span triple-tower
suspension bridge 1587
H. Wang, Y.F. Wu, B. Sha, K.M. Bi & A.Q. Li
Effect of pile type and pile head fixity on the seismic response of a 5 × 5 pile-raft system
embedded in a soft clay subjected to far-field ground motions 1595
L. Zhang & H.B. Liu
Response spectrum analysis of a high-pier railway bridge subjected to multiple support excitations 1601
H.Y. Jia, X.L. Du, D.P. Guo, S.X. Zheng & L.P. Li
Theoretical investigation of vertical pounding phenomenon between girder and support
under near-fault vertical ground motions 1609
H. Yang, J. Yang & X. Yin
Numerical study of using RFHDS connected PIP system to mitigate earthquake induced
subsea pipeline vibrations 1615
K.M. Bi & H. Hao
Demoting splitting crack formation in confined concrete by silica fume 1621
A.A. Roslee, D. Fernando & J.C.M. Ho
Seismic retrofit assessment of cable-stayed bridges with cable-sliding friction aseismic bearing 1627
J. Zhong, H.P. Wan, W.X. Ren & W.C. Yuan
An introduction of tools for evaluating the influence of building codes on the level
of earthquake fatalities globally 1633
J.E. Daniell, F. Wenzel, A. Werner, A.M. Schaefer & H.H. Tsang
Numerical and experimental investigation into friction devices installed between concrete
columns and steel beams 1639
R.W.K. Chan & B. Hu
Seismic vulnerability assessment of irregular reinforced concrete buildings in Australia 1645
A. Mehdipanah, E. Lumantarna, N.T.K. Lam, H. Goldsworthy, H.H. Tsang,
J.L. Wilson & E. Gad
Ultimate drift prediction models of rectangular squat reinforced concrete shear walls 1653
D.T.W. Looi, R.K.L. Su, B. Cheng & M.J. Zhou
Simplified dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete tall buildings using Timoshenko
beam model 1661
R.K.L. Su, K.C. Liu & D.T.W. Looi
Dynamic analysis of continuous multi-span bridge structure under the effect of travelling
seismic waves 1669
P.L. Ng, J.S. Du & H. Zheng
Vulnerability assessment of heritage masonry building to mine blasting and earthquake 1675
H.H. Tsang, E. Gad, J.L. Wilson & J.W. Jordan
Annualised collapse risk of soft-storey building with precast RC columns in Australia 1681
H.H. Tsang, E. Lumantarna, N.T.K. Lam, J.L. Wilson & E. Gad
Analytical development of seismic retrofit technique for RC beam-column joint using
single diagonal haunch 1687
A. Zabihi, H.H. Tsang, E. Gad & J.L. Wilson
xviii
Infrastructure applications of FRP composites
Impact performance of concrete beams externally bonded with carbon FRP sheets 1695
A. Remennikov, M. Goldston & M.N. Sheikh
Developing towards best natural fibre composite for structural applications—a review 1701
M.R.R. Rasappagari & Y. Zhuge
Experimental investigations on bonded sleeve connection joining GFRP beams and columns 1707
Z. Zhang, Y. Bai, F. Luo, C. Wu & X. Xiao
The influence of arching action on BFRP reinforced SCC deck slabs in Thompson bridge 1713
Y. Zheng, S. Taylor, M. Sonebi & D. Robinson
Experimental study on mechanical behaviours of CFRP-steel composite plates under
uniaxial tension 1719
Y.L. Wang, Y.Y. Li, J.P. Ou & Q.F. Xu
Concrete-encased steel columns confined with large rupture strain FRP composites:
Axial compression tests 1725
L. Huang, S.S. Zhang, T. Yu & Z.Y. Wang
Hybrid FRP-concrete-steel multi-tube concrete columns: Stub column tests 1731
T. Yu, C.W. Chan, L. Teh & J.G. Teng
Behavior of FRP confined ultrahigh-strength concrete columns under axial compression:
An experimental study 1737
S. Jiang, D. Fernando, J.C.M. Ho & M. Heitzmann

Sensors and instrumentation for infrastructural monitoring and assessment

Numerical simulation for real-time broken rail detection based on ultrasonic guided waves 1745
Y.J. Ma, R. Lin, Y.L. Wen, J. Wu & H.W. Ma
Optical fibre sensor with 3D printed package configuration: A potential revolution
of structural strain testing 1749
Y. Wang, M. Vidakovic, R. Scott, Q. Wu, T. Sun & K.T.V. Grattan
Design and implementation of stress measurement system for steel structures members 1755
J.B. He, Z.H. Li, J. Teng & Y. Wang
Material degradation for carbon fiber/phenolic composites subject to lightning strikes 1763
P.A. Lendrum, C. Yang, K. Fu, L. Chang & L. Ye
The influence of white Gaussian noise on duffing system 1769
J. Wu, Y. Wang, W.W. Zhang & H.W. Ma
Research on pipeline chaos detection based on ultrasonic guided wave 1773
Y.L. Wen & H.W. Ma
A rail head inspection method based on ultrasonic guided wave testing 1777
R. Lin, Y.L. Wen, Y.J. Ma & H.W. Ma

Structural stability, vibration and optimization

Thermal buckling and free vibration of thermo-electro-mechanically loaded piezoelectric
FG-CNTRC beams 1783
H.L. Wu, S. Kitipornchai & J. Yang
A probabilistic approach for characterisation of multiple cracks in beams using guided waves 1789
C.T. Ng & S. He
Postbuckling of shear deformable sandwich beam with a functionally graded porous
metal foam core 1797
D. Chen, S. Kitipornchai & J. Yang
Finite element analysis on free vibration of polymer composite beams reinforced
with graphene platelets 1803
N.H. Chu, C. Feng, J. Yang & S. Kitipornchai
xix
Unified stochastic and non-stochastic free vibration analysis of structure 1809
J. Feng, D. Wu, W. Gao & G. Li
Unified stochastic and nonstochastic nonlinear analysis of composite steel concrete
arch structures 1815
B. Wu, D. Wu, W. Gao & Y.L. Pi
An improved Nelder-Mead algorithm for optimization problem on structural damage detection 1821
Z.P. Chen & L. Yu
Unified stochastic and non-stochastic static analysis of structures 1827
D. Wu, W. Gao & S. Tangaramvong
Dynamic buckling analysis of beams including damping effect 1833
K. Gao, D. Wu, W. Gao & C. Song
Operational modal analysis of a reinforced concrete factory building in Hong Kong 1839
H.F. Lam, J.H. Yang & J. Hu

Cemented materials for construction

Performance of low calcium fly ash geopolymer concrete with steel furnace
slag coarse aggregate 1847
M. Khan, A. Castel, A. Akbarnezhad, S.J. Foster & M. Smith
Precision of existing hydration heat models for Portland cement in capturing the effects
of supplementary cementitious materials and retarders 1853
M. Gharehchaei, A. Akbarnezhad, H. Lazenby, A. Castel, R. Lloyd & S.J. Foster
Compressive strength of geopolymer pastes subjected to microwave curing 1859
A. Graytee & J. Sanjayan
Behavior of high performance concrete two way slabs in punching shear for fixed edge condition 1865
S.R. Hanchate, S. Chundupalle, V.G. Ghorpade & T.C. Venkata Reddy
Optimising the amounts of microsilica and nanosilica in concrete using response surface method 1871
Z. Manzoor, S. Barbhuiya, F. Shaikh & D. Cheema
Challenges in the area of sustainable construction with microbially induced carbonate precipitation 1875
M. Li & V. Achal

Wind loading, risk and vulnerability

Damage and losses in engineered buildings from wind and rain 1881
D.J. Henderson, D. Smith, G.N. Boughton, D.J. Falck & J.D. Ginger
Tool to evaluate the resilience of buildings to severe wind events 1887
G.N. Boughton, D.J. Falck & D.J. Henderson
Review of internal pressures in buildings 1893
M.T. Humphreys, J.D. Ginger & D.J. Henderson
Correlation of peak wind loads at batten-truss connections 1899
K.I. Parackal, J.D. Ginger & D.J. Henderson
Three-dimensional modelling of the timber-framed house to uplift loading 1905
N. Satheeskumar, D.J. Henderson, J.D. Ginger & C.-H. Wang
Inter-building and intra-building aerodynamic correlations of linked buildings 1911
B.R. Kim, K.T. Tse & Y. Tamura
Cyclone damage assessment considering non-stationarity in cyclone actions 1917
C. Wang, H. Zhang & Q.W. Li
Simulation of wind and wave loading via the spectral equal area random phase method 1923
N. Haritos

Author index 1931

xx
 Mechanics of Structures and Materials: Advancements and Challenges – Hao & Zhang (Eds)
© 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-02993-4

Preface

The Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM) was originated at
the University of New South Wales in 1967. Since then it has been held at various locations in Australia
and New Zealand biannually, and has been grown into one of the most important events for academics,
researchers and engineers in the Australasian region. The conference series has also been building its
international reputation as a premier location for presenting new research results and exchanging research
ideas in the area of Mechanics of Structures and Materials, and has been attracting more and more inter-
national delegates outside Australasian nations.
The 24th Australasian Conference on the Mechanics of Structures and Materials (ACMSM24) is the
third time the conference will be held in Perth, Western Australia. The previous two ACMSM in Perth
were the ACMSM7 in 1980 and the ACMSM18 in 2004, with 40 and 195 papers respectively included in
the proceedings. This year’s Conference consists of 302 papers, including 6 invited keynote papers, pre-
pared by 780 authors from 17 countries. The significant increase in the number of papers demonstrates
the continued growth in efforts of many researchers devoted to developing better technologies for build-
ing more sustainable and resilient civil infrastructure. Mankind started building structures thousands of
years ago and some of those structures, such as the Great Wall in China and the Pyramids in Egypt, still
stand. However, construction technology continues to evolve and improve as human civilization develops.
Engineers always seek technologies to build structures taller, longer, more aesthetically appealing, and
more sustainable and cost effective. These require constant exploring of new materials and new structural
forms for use in constructions. Papers included in the current proceedings reflect the recent research
advancements and challenges in these areas.
More than 430 abstracts were received in responding to the call for abstracts to ACMSM24. All the
abstracts were reviewed by the local organizing committee for their relevance. Authors of the accepted
abstracts were invited to prepare full papers. All the full papers were reviewed by two independent review-
ers, which led to required revisions of most of the submitted papers and rejections of a few. Papers
included in the proceedings were all reviewed and accepted by two independent reviewers. We would like
to take this opportunity to thank special session organizers, reviewers, international scientific committee
members, and local organizing committee members for reviewing the papers. Their efforts are essential for
maintaining the standard of proceedings of the ACMSM series. We would like also to acknowledge the
keynote speakers and all the authors for publishing their new research results in the proceedings, which
reflect the enormous research efforts of all the authors in recent years.

Hong Hao & Chunwei Zhang

September 2016

xxi
 Mechanics of Structures and Materials: Advancements and Challenges – Hao & Zhang (Eds)
© 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-02993-4

Acknowledgements

The contributions of the special session organizers, reviewers, international scientific committee, and local
organizing committee are gratefully acknowledged.
The financial supports from the following sponsors and exhibitors are invaluable for the success of this
conference.

GOLD SPONSOR

SILVER SPONSORS

BRONZE SPONSOR

SPECIAL SPONSOR

EXHIBITORS

xxiii
 Mechanics of Structures and Materials: Advancements and Challenges – Hao & Zhang (Eds)
© 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-02993-4

Organizing committee

Prof. Hong HAO (Chairman)

Prof. Abhijit MUKHERJEE
Dr. Vanissorn VIMONSATIT
Dr. Faiz SHAIKH
Dr. Prabir SARKER
Dr. Kaiming BI
Dr. Jun LI
Dr. Yifei HAO
Dr. Wensu CHEN
Dr. Jun LI
Dr. Xihong ZHANG
Dr. Thong PHAM
Dr. Joao TRAVANCA

xxv
 Mechanics of Structures and Materials: Advancements and Challenges – Hao & Zhang (Eds)
© 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-02993-4

International scientific committee

Dr. Faris ALBERMANI, QLD Prof. Guowei MA, WA

Prof. Daniel AMBROSINI, Argentina Prof. Mahen MAHENDRAN, QLD
Prof. Thiru ARAVINTHAN, QLD Prof. Robert MELCHERS, NSW
Dr. Norhisham BAKHARY, Malaysia Prof. Priyan MENDIS, VIC
Prof. Charles BAKIS, USA Dr. Tuan NGO, VIC
Prof. Bishwajit BHATTACHARJEE, India Dr. Tomoya NISHIWAKI, Japan
Prof. Mark BRADFORD, NSW Prof. Jeffrey PACKER, Canada
Prof. James BROWNJOHN, UK Prof. Kim RASMUSSEN, NSW
Prof. Tommy CHAN, QLD Prof. Vijaya RANGAN, WA
Prof. Nawawi CHOUW, NZ Dr. Gianluca RANZI, NSW
Dr. Daniela CIANCIO, WA Dr. Alex REMENNIKOV, NSW
Prof. Rajesh DHAKAL, New Zealand Prof. Weixin REN, China
Prof. Xiuli DU, China Prof. Bijan SAMALI, NSW
Dr. Wenhui DUAN, VIC Prof. Jay SANJAYAN, VIC
Prof. Hardjito DWANTORO, Indonesia Prof. Scott SMITH, NSW
Prof. Qin FANG, China Prof. Chongmin SONG, NSW
Prof. Stephen FOSTER, NSW Prof. Mark STEWART, NSW
Prof. Sam FRAGOMENI, VIC Prof. Zhong TAO, NSW
Prof. Norbert GEBBEKEN, Germany Prof. David THAMBIRATNAM, QLD
Prof. Ian GILBERT, NSW Prof. Jin-Guang TENG, Hong Kong
Prof. John GINGER, QLD Prof. José TORERO, QLD
Prof. Michael GRIFFITH, SA Prof. Brian UY, NSW
Prof. Hong GUAN, QLD Prof. Chien Ming WANG, Singapore
Dr. Muhammad HADI, NSW Prof. Hao WANG, QLD
Prof. Nam HOANG, Vietnam Dr. Ying WANG, UK
Mr. William HOUGHTON, WA Prof. Pennung WARNITCHAI, Thailand
Prof. Nobutaka ISHIKAWA, Japan Prof. John WILSON, VIC
Prof. Tarun KANT, India Prof. Chengqing WU, NSW
Prof. Kazuhiko KASAI, Japan Prof. Yu-Fei WU, VIC
Prof. Sritawat KITIPORNCHAI, QLD Dr. Yong XIA, Hong Kong
Prof. Kenny KWOK, NSW Prof. Mike XIE, VIC
Mr. Nalean LAL, WA Prof. Yang XIANG, NSW
Dr. Nelson LAM, VIC Prof. David YANKELEVSKY, Israel
Prof. David LAU, Canada Prof. Ben YOUNG, Hong Kong
Prof. Chunqing LI, VIC Prof. Xiao-Ling ZHAO, VIC
Prof. Jianchun LI, NSW Dr. Xinqun ZHU, NSW
Prof. Yew-Chaye LOO, QLD Dr. Yan ZHUGE, QLD
Prof. Guoxing LU, VIC

xxvii
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 She realised my advantage, but she wouldn’t retreat. The Cortelyou
women never do. Yet she knew enough to allow the honours of war to
a hard-driven enemy. “The Cortelyou men are gentlemen,” she said.
Wasn’t that a neat way of telling me that I would never fail a woman
in distress? I felt pleased that she understood the family so well as to
have no fear for the conduct of even her bitterest enemy. “Besides,”
she continued, “I like the Cortelyou temper.”
I raised my eyebrows.
“Yes,” she persisted, “it’s an absolutely reliable factor. Now, papa
—” Then she hesitated, realising the slip.
With an older girl I should have let her flounder, and enjoyed it;
but she was so young, and blushed so charmingly that I had to help
her out. “Don’t keep me in suspense about your father,” I said, in my
most interested of tones, as if I truly wished to know something of
that blot on the ‘scutcheon. This was my second mistake, and a bad
one.
“We’ll leave Mr. Dabney Cortelyou out of the conversation, please,”
she retorted, looking me in the eyes. Was there ever a meaner return
for an act of pure charity than that?
By the way, Kate’s eyes are not Cortelyou. I wondered from where
she got them. When we are angry we contract ours, which is ugly.
She opens hers, which is—I tried to make her do it again by saying,
“You should set a better example, then.” No good: she had got back
to her form, and was smiling sweetly.
“They are furiously disappointed so far,” she remarked.
“What an old curiosity shop the world is about other people’s
affairs! It’s no concern of theirs that my grandfather and your”—I
faltered, and went on—“that my grandfather had a row in his family.
We don’t talk of it.” When I said “we” I meant the present company,
but unfortunately Kate took it to mean our faction, and knowing of
her father’s idle blabbing, she didn’t like it.
“Your side has always dodged publicity,” she affirmed viciously,
though smiling winsomely. Kate’s smile must be her strong card.
“We have maintained a dignified silence,” I responded calmly; but
I knew that a dagger thrust below that beautifully modelled throat
would be less cruel.
 She tried to carry the wound bravely. “My father is quite justified
in letting the truth be known,” she insisted.
“Then why don’t you, too, give public house-warmings in the
family-skeleton closet?” I inquired blandly. That was really a
triumph, for Kate had never talked to outsiders about the wretched
business. She couldn’t even respond with what she thought; for if she
said that it was always the side in the wrong which talked, she was no
better off, because we, like her, had kept silence, but her father had
chattered it all over town. She looked down, and I gloated over her
silence, till suddenly I thought I saw a suggestion of moisture on her
down-turned lashes. What I said to myself was not flattering, and
moreover is not fit for publication. What I said aloud I still glow over
with pride when it recurs to memory.
“Beware of the croquette!” I exclaimed hastily. “I’ve just burned
my tongue horribly.” And I reached for the ice-water.
She was as quick as I had been. The Cortelyou girls are quick, but
she—well, I think the ancestress who gave her those eyes must have
been a little quicker.
“You spoke a moment too late,” she replied, looking up at me. “I
had just done the same, and feel like weeping.” I wonder what the
recording angel wrote against those two speeches?
Then suddenly Kate began to laugh.
“What is it?” I queried.
“Taste your croquette,” she suggested.
It was as cool as it should have been hot!
We both laughed so heartily that Mr. Baxter called, “Come; don’t
keep such a good story to yourselves.”
“Pretend you are so engrossed that you didn’t hear,” advised Kate,
simulating the utmost interest. “Aren’t we doing well?”
“Thanks to you,” was my gallant reply.
“Thanks to the Cortelyous,” she declared.
“They might have known,” said I, “that we’d never have a public
circus to please them.”
“Isn’t it nice,” she responded, “since we had to have a fracas, that it
should be between ladies and gentlemen?”
 “Isn’t it?” I acceded. “Just supposing there had been some cad
concerned, who would have written to the papers and talked to
reporters!”
“That was impossible, because we are all Cortelyous,” explained
Kate. I like a girl who stands up for her stock.
“Yes,” I assented. “And that’s the one advantage of family rows.”
“I want to tell you,” she went on, “that you do my father a great
injustice. Some natures are silent in grief or pain, and some must cry
out. Because he talks, merely means that he suffers.”
I longed to quote her remark about leaving her father out of the
conversation, but having told her there were no cads in the family,
the quotation was unavailable. So I merely observed, “Not knowing
Mr. Dabney Cortelyou, I have had no chance to do him justice.”
“But what you hear—” she began, with the proudest of looks; and it
really hurt me to have to interrupt her by saying,—
“Since I only get word of him from his dearest friends I am forced
to take a somewhat jaundiced view of him.”
“I suppose you are surrounded by toadies who pretend to know
him,” she said contemptuously.
I was not to be made angry. I was enjoying the dinner too much.
“It would be a very terrible thing for our mutual friends,” I
continued, “if the breach were ever healed, and we exchanged notes
as to their tattling.”
“Fortunately they are in no danger,” she answered, more cheerfully
—indeed I might say, more gleefully—than it seemed to me the
occasion required.
“Fortunately,” I agreed, out of self-respect. Then I weakened a
little by adding, “But what a pity it is you and I didn’t have the
settling of that farm-line!”
“My father could not have acted otherwise,” she challenged back.
“And the courts decided that my grandfather was right.”
“I should have done just as he did,” she replied.
“Then you acknowledge my grandfather was right?”
“I!”—indignantly.
 “You just assured me you should have done as he did!” I teased,
laughing. “No. Of course both of them were justified in everything
but in their making a legal matter a family quarrel. If we had had it to
do, it would have been done amicably, I think.”
“What makes you so sure?” she asked.
“Because I am sweet-tempered, and you—”
She wouldn’t accept a compliment from an enemy, so interrupted
me with, “My father has one of the finest natures I have ever known.”
“‘Physician, know thyself,’” I quoted, getting in the compliment in
spite of her.
“That’s more than you do,” she replied merrily.
This could be taken in two ways, but I preferred to make it
applicable to her rather than to myself. I said, “Our acquaintance has
been short.”
“But we know all about the stock,” she corrected.
“I’m proud of the family,” I acknowledged; “but don’t let’s be
Ibsenish.”
“I knew you didn’t like him,” said Kate, confidentially. “I don’t
either.”
“He’s rather rough on us old families,” I intimated.
“Sour grapes,” explained Kate. “The wouldn’t-because-I-can’t-be
people always stir up the sediments of my Cortelyou temper.”
“I thought you liked the family temper,” I suggested.
“In anybody but myself,” she told me. “With others it’s really a
great help. Now, with my brothers, I know just how far I can go
safely, and it’s easy to manage them.”
“I suppose that accounts for the ease with which you manage me.”
She laughed, and replied demurely, “I think we are both on our
good behaviour.”
“I’m afraid our respective and respected parents won’t think so.”
This made her look serious, and I wondered if her father could be
brute enough ever to lose that awful temper of his at such a charming
daughter. The thought almost made me lose mine. “They can’t blame
you,” I assured her. “Your father—”
 “Is sure that everything I do is right,” she interjected, “but Mrs.
Pellew?”
“We will not make Mrs. Pellew—”
Kate saw I was going to use her own speech, and she interrupted in
turn. “Of course you are over twenty-one,” she continued, “but the
Cortelyou women always have their way. I hope she won’t be very
bad to you.”
She certainly had paid me off, and to boot, for my earlier speech.
And the nasty thing about it was that any attempt to answer her
would look as if I felt there was truth in her speech, which was really
ridiculous. Though I live with my mother, my friends know who is
the real master of the house.
“Any one living with a Cortelyou woman must confess her
superiority,” I responded, bowing deferentially.
“Yes,” she said, nodding her head knowingly. “People say that she
spoils you. Now I see how you compass it.”
“We have only exchanged Ibsen for Mrs. Grundy,” I complained.
“‘Excelsior’ is a good rule,” announced Kate.
“That’s what you’ll be doing in a moment,” said I, trying to look
doleful, for we were eating the game course.
“How well you act it!” replied Kate. “You ought to go on the stage.
What a pity that you should waste your time on clubs and afternoon
teas!”
“Look here,” I protested, “I’ve done my best all through dinner,
considering my Cortelyou temper, and now, just because it’s so
nearly over that you don’t need me any longer is no reason for
making such speeches. I don’t go to my club once a week, and I
despise afternoon teas.”
“That sampler has become positively threadbare,” retorted Kate. “I
really think it must be worked in worsted, and hung up in all the New
York clubs, like ‘God bless our home!’ and ‘Merry Christmas!’”
“I much prefer hearts to clubs, for a steady trump,” I remarked.
“You play billiards, I presume?”
“Yes,” I innocently replied.
“What’s your average run?”
 It was a tempting bait she shoved under my nose, but I realised the
trap; and was too wary to be caught. “Oh, four, when I’m in good
form.”
“Really?”
“Really.” I did not choose to add that I was talking of the balk-line
game, not caring to be too technical with a woman.
“That’s very curious!” she exclaimed.
“I suppose some devoted friend of mine has told you I’m only a
billiard-marker?” I inquired.
“No—but—”
“But?”
“Nothing.”
“George Washington became President by always telling the
truth.”
“That’s the advantage of being a woman,” replied Kate. “We don’t
have to scheme and plot and crawl for the Presidency.”
“How about spring bonnets?” I mildly insinuated.
“Does your mother have a very bad time persuading you to pay for
hers?” laughed Kate, mischievously.
I didn’t like the question, though I knew she was only teasing, so I
recurred to my question. “You haven’t told me what that ‘nothing’
was,” I persisted.
“I oughtn’t,” urged Kate.
“Then I know you will,” I said confidently.
“Well, Seymour Halsey said to Weedon the other night, ‘I wish you
could play with Jack Pellew, so as to knock some of his airs out of
him!’”
“Why,” I ejaculated, “I could play cushion caroms against your
brother’s straight game and beat him then!”
“I never did believe that story about George Washington,” asserted
Kate, with a singular want of relevance.
“No woman could,” I answered, squaring accounts promptly.
Here I saw the little preliminary flutter among the ladies, and
knowing that I should never speak to Kate again, I said:
 “Miss Cortelyou, I’m afraid an unkind remark of mine a little while
ago gave you pain. You’ve probably forgotten it already, but I never
shall cease to regret I made it.”
“Don’t think of it again,” she replied, kindly, as she rose. “And
thank you for a pleasant evening.”
“Don’t blame me for that,” I pleaded hastily. “It was your own
fault.”
“Not entirely,” denied Kate. “We did it so well that I’m prouder
than ever of the family.”
“I decline to share this honour with my grandfather,” I protested
indignantly. “He couldn’t keep his temper, bother him!”
We were at the door now, and Kate gave me the prettiest of parting
nods and smiles.
“Wasn’t it a pity?” she sighed. That was distinctly nice of her. Just
like a Cortelyou woman.
“Whew! Jack,” whistled Ferdie Gallaudet. “I thought I should die,
and expected to sit on your body at the postmortem.” Ferdie thinks
he’s clever!
“Oh, shut up, Ferdie,” I growled, dropping back into my seat.
“Don’t wonder your temper’s queered,” persisted the little ass.
“‘Wotinell’ did you talk about?”
“Family matters,” I muttered.
“Oh, I say, that’s a bit shiny at the joints. It was too well done to
have verged on that subject.”
“We talked family matters, and enjoyed it,” I insisted.
“Ever hear of George Washington?” inquired Ferdie.
“Kate mentioned him to me to-night, and I promised to put him up
at the Knickerbocker for a month.”
“Kate!” exclaimed Ferdie.
I lighted my cigar.
“Kate!” he repeated, with a rising inflection. “Now look here, I
wasn’t born yesterday.”
“Where’s your family Bible?” I inquired blandly.
 “You’ll be saying next that to-night’s arrangement was by ‘special
request.’”
“You were across the table,” I retorted. “Draw your own
conclusions.”
“I suppose you’ll join her later,” suggested Ferdie, in an irritating
manner.
I wouldn’t be bluffed by him, so I replied pointedly, “I may, to save
her from worse.”
“Give you odds on it,” offered Ferdie.
“I don’t make bets where women are concerned,” I crushingly
responded.
“Sorry the strain has left you so bad-tempered,” said Ferdie, rising.
“There’s Caldwell beckoning to me. Ta, ta!”
I have liked Caldwell ever since.
When we joined the ladies I went over to Kate.
“This is persecution,” she smilingly protested, as she made room
for me on the sofa.
“I know it,” I cheerfully groaned, as I sat down beside her. “But I
had to for the sake of the family.”
“A family is a terrible thing to live up to!” sighed Kate.
“Terrible!” I ejaculated.
“Fortunately it will only be for a moment,” she assured me.
“If you go at once,” I urged, “they’ll all think it’s the feud.”
“What a nuisance!” cried Kate. “I ought to be on my way to a
musical this very minute.”
“On the principle that music hath charms?” I queried.
“Good-night!” she said, holding out her hand. I had already
noticed what pretty hands Kate had.
“Forgive me!” I begged.
“Never!” she replied.
“You are serious?” I questioned, and she understood what I meant
as if I had said it. I do like people who can read between the lines!
She amended her “never” to, “Well, not till I have had my chance
to even the score.”
 “Take it now.”
“I haven’t time.”
“I will submit to anything.”
“My revenge must be deep.”
“I will do the thing I most hate.”
“Even afternoon teas?” laughed Kate, archly.
I faltered in voice while promising, “Even afternoon teas!”
“Then I’ll send you a card for mine,” she ended, and left me,
crushed and hopeless.
⁂
No. That didn’t end the feud. It only led to a truce. For a time
things went very well, but then the quarrel broke out with renewed
force. You see, Kate claimed I spoiled the boy, and I claimed she did
the spoiling. So we submitted it to arbitration. My mother said Kate
was very judicious, and her father declared I was a model parent.
Then we called in his godmother, and she decided we all four spoiled
him. It’s been open war ever since, with an occasional brief cessation
of hostilities whenever Kate kisses me. After the boy’s grown up, I
suppose, peace will come again.
His godmother? Oh! Mrs. Baxter. You see, we couldn’t do less, for
she had talked it all over town that the match was of her making. Her
making! In ten cases out of nine she would have had a disrupted
dinner. It’s lucky for her that Kate was a Cortelyou woman!
 “THE BEST LAID PLANS”

AS ENACTED
IN

Two Social Cups of Tea,

Two Social Jokes, and
One Social Agony.

Scene

Parlour in country house of Mrs. Wycherly.

Characters

Mrs. Wycherly,
Miss Helen Wycherly,
Miss Rose Newcome,
Miss Amy Sherman,
Lord Ferrol,
George Harold,
Steven Harold,
Dennis Grant.

Syllabus

ACT I
A cup of tea and two social jokes.
5.30 P. M. Friday.

ACT II

A cup of tea and one social agony.

5.30 P. M. Tuesday.
 ACT I
Scene.—Parlour in country house with doors r. and l. At back, a
fireplace with open fire. Down centre l., a small table, with
white blotting-pad, large paper-knife, and writing
paraphernalia; and two chairs r. and l. Down centre r., a small
table with tea-service, and chair r. At extreme r. two easy-
chairs.
Mrs. Wycherly sits at writing-desk r. with teacup on table,
reading a letter in her hand. Amy sits at desk l. Helen at tea-
table, making tea. Steven at mantel. George and Dennis seated
at r. with teacups.

Helen. Another cup, mama?

Steven. She doesn’t hear you, Helen.
George. Thanks to his precious letter.
Helen (louder). More tea, mama!
Rose (outside l., calling). Are you having tea, Helen?
Helen. Yes, Rose.
Amy. And something very exciting as well.
George. More exciting even than your novel, I’ll be bound.
Dennis (calling). Bring the chocolates with you, if you haven’t
eaten them all.
Enter Rose, l., with box of chocolates and book.
Rose. What is it?
Dennis. Ask Mrs. Wycherly.
Rose. What is the excitement, Mrs. Wycherly?
George. Louder.
Amy (loudly). Mrs. Wycherly!
Mrs. W. (starting). Oh! What?
George. That is just the problem. Is he a what, or isn’t he?
Dennis (bitterly). I don’t believe it will make the least difference
even if he proves a “What is it.”
 Steven (more bitterly). No, we fellows see how it will be! The
moment “me lud” arrives, we shall be nowhere with you girls.
George. George Augustus Guelph Dunstan, Earl of Ferrol and
Staunton! His very letter of acceptance has made Helen forget that it
is cream—not sugar—that I “omit for want of space.”
Helen. Not at all! If you had been polite you would have given that
cup to Rose. As for his lordling, do you for an instant suppose that I
intend to compete as long as Rose and Amy are here? No, sir—I leave
him to my betters, D. V.
Mrs. W. Well, really, I don’t think that either his titles or his being
in the hands of an oculist is any excuse for making his time so
indefinite (looks at letter). He will be charmed to pay me a visit, “by
next Friday, or perhaps even sooner.” Now isn’t that a nice position
to leave a hostess who wishes to make his stay quite as pleasant as
his papa made mine when I was at the “Towers.” Imagine this
betitled being getting into the Junction by the evening train and then
having to walk over to Beechcroft.
Rose. Oh, wouldn’t it be lovely to see him coming in at the gate, so
wet and muddy that Tiger would make the same mistake that he did
with that poor minister?
Dennis. I hope, if he does have to foot it, he will not bring the usual
number of parcels that the swells on the other side consider as
necessary as those books which Charlie Lamb said “no gentleman
should be without.”
Amy. Mrs. Wycherly, how can this man be two earls at once?
Steven. The English aristocracy finds it convenient to have an alias
now and again.
Mrs. W. I’m not sure, Amy, but I believe it has something to do
with his mother. I never could understand the peerage.
George. Ye gods! to think of a mother with a marriageable
daughter not understanding the peerage!
Helen. I won’t be slandered by you. Marriageable daughter,
indeed!
Rose (scornfully). Yes, isn’t that a regular man’s view of it?
Dennis. Well, I think it’s very creditable to be without a peer.
Amy. That depends on how you appear.
 Rose. And that depends on your appear age.
George (pityingly). Don’t notice them; they’re quite harmless.
Speaking of the peerage, though, did any of you see Labouchere’s
screed in “Truth”?
Mrs. W. I haven’t, for one—what was it?
George. Bass, the proprietor of the pale ale, has just been made a
baron, and this was an editorial on the “Last Addition to the
Beerage.”
Amy. Mrs. Wycherly, do let me have the letter: I want to see what
kind of a hand he writes.

[Mrs. W. passes letter to Amy.

Dennis. There! That’s the way in this life. I’ll be bound you never
wanted to see what my writing was like.
Rose. Well, did you ever want to see Amy’s hand?
Steven. Hers is too small to make it worth while.
Amy (sweetly). Is your tea sweet enough, Steven?
Dennis. Why waste your sweetness on the desert air?
Steven. Thank you, Dennis, but I am not a deserted heir, and don’t
suppose I shall be, till The Right Honourable George Augustus
Guelph Dunstan, Earl of Ferrol and Staunton, puts in his
appearance. Till then, Mrs. Amy Sherman Micawber will never desert
her Steven.
Helen. Really, I think it is very unkind to say all these things before
Lord Ferrol arrives. If you begin like this over the “cheerful and
uninebriating teacup,” with a good dinner not far distant, what will
you say when you have just dragged yourself out of bed to breakfast?
Dennis (fiercely). The talking point will be passed. We shall act!
Bul-lud!!!
George (rising and setting teacup on tea-table). So let it be
understood, if you girls give us the cold shoulder when his lordship
arrives, we will not be responsible for the consequences.
Steven. But don’t say we didn’t warn you.
Helen. Well, you deserve to have the cold shoulder for talking to us
so.
 Rose. Yes, just as if we had all turned tuft-hunters.
Mrs. W. At least it shows modesty. The boys all take for granted
they cannot stand up against the new-comer.
Rose. Oh, Mrs. Wycherly, what nice, honest, guileless men you
must have known when you were a girl! To think that these should
gain the reputation of modesty by their grumbling!
Helen. Yes, dear, they are delusions and snares, having fully
mastered Talleyrand’s aphorism “that words were meant to conceal
ideas.”
Amy. “Put not your trust in kings and princes.”
George. That’s just what we want, only please extend it to the
aristocracy.
Rose. You all deserve to have us leave you to your own devices, as
soon as we can get a decent substitute.
Mrs. W. Well, if Lord Ferrol is anything like his father, I can
promise you no unworthy one, even compared to my boys here.
Steven (crossing down stage to Mrs. W. and bowing). Mrs.
Wycherly, the race does not improve. Why are the daughters no
longer as their mothers were?
Helen. }
Amy. } Oh!!!
Rose. }
Helen (springing to her feet). Mr. Chairman, or Mrs. Chairwoman,
is not the honourable gentleman’s language unparliamentary?
Rose. It’s uncomplimentary, and I believe that is what
unparliamentary generally means.
Amy (rising). I move the expulsion of the honourable gentleman.
Helen (rising). Second the motion.
Omnes. Question! Question! Question!
Mrs. W. (rising with mock solemnity and leaning on desk).
Gentlemen, after the most mature deliberation the speaker must
announce three decisions. First, the language was not
uncomplimentary, and—
 Rose } } Bribery!
Helen } together. } Treachery, treachery!
Amy } } Oh! Oh! Oh!!
Mrs. W. (pounding on table with paper-knife). Order! Order!—
And ergo, not unparliamentary. Secondly, that in consequence the
motion of expulsion is not in order. Thirdly, even if it were in order,
the question could not be taken without debate.
Rose. I appeal to the House.
Dennis (rising). All right! Three to three. Speaker throws casting
vote with us. How do you do—minority?
[Bows.
Helen (rising). Excuse me. We three decline to vote, so there is no
quorum. The question is before the House still, and can be spoken to.
Dennis. How badly the question must feel.
Amy. Not half so badly as you ought to.
Mrs. W. (pounding). Order! The dignity of the chair must be
upheld!
Rose. Then why don’t you hold it up? We’ve no objection.
Amy (rising). Mr. Speaker—
Mrs. W. The honourable member from—from—
George. Philadelphia?

[Passes Amy the chocolates

from tea-table.

Amy (sinking faintly into chair). Oh, not so bad as that!

Mrs. W. Very well—from the slough of despair—
Amy. Mr. Speaker, I rise from my slough of despair to demand,
with a tear in my eye—
Dennis. And a chocolate in your mouth—
Mrs. W. (pounds). Order!—
Amy. To vindicate myself—
George. Well, if you’re going to rise, why don’t you do it?
 Mrs. W. (crossing to tea-table, and seizing hot water pot.) I shall
pour the hot water on the next person who interrupts the honourable
gentleman.
Amy. To vindicate myself and my compeers in the—alas!—
opposition. We have remained silent under the slur of malice—we
have watched the arbitrary and—(I fear corrupt is an
unparliamentary word)—ah—questionable rulings of the presiding
officer. But, so saith the adage, “Even the worm will turn;” and why
not woman? So when we hear the distinguished and courteous
stranger, about to enter our sacred portals, maligned and sneered at
—then—then do we turn upon the “allegators” and declare, that as
soon as the shadow of his “gracious”—no—I mean “early” presence
darkens these halls of misrule, then, with one accord, for better, for
worse, we will cleave to him.
Feminine Omnes. We will.
Rose. Now, boys, you see what you have done! and, as you
remarked a moment ago, “Don’t say we didn’t warn you.”

[Bell rings.

Mrs. W. There, young people,—that is the dressing bell. Now don’t

loiter, for I shall frown on any one who is not in the drawing-room
five minutes before seven. I declare this sitting adjourned.

[All rise. Mrs. W. crosses back

and exits r. d. Rose
comes down c. and
whispers to Amy; they
laugh, put their hands
behind each other’s
waists, and skip up r.

Rose and Amy (singing). “Johnny, get your gun, get your sword,
get your pistol. Johnny, get your gun, get your gun, get your gun.”

[Exit r. d. Men all laugh

heartily.

Helen (rapping on table in imitation of Mrs. W.). Order! Order!

 George. Cash!

[Men all laugh. Helen looks

at them scornfully and
then exits r. d. Dennis
starts to follow.

George. What’s your hurry, Dennis? Lots of time.

[Sits.

Steven (reseating himself). I bless my governing star every night

that it was given to my sex to dress in the time spent by t’otherest in
doing up its back hair.
Dennis (crossing back to fireplace). Oh, yes! But as one girl said to
me, “That time isn’t worth having, for you can’t be with us!”
George. You must both have been pretty far gone, old fellow.
Dennis. Not half so badly as the girls are prospectively on “me
lud.”
Steven. No, we are in for “a bad quarter of an hour” when he shows
up.
Dennis. If he will only prove a show!
Steven (sadly). The only English swells I’ve met were very jolly,
gentlemanly fellows.
Dennis (cheerfully). All the more chance that this one turns out
the delicate little wood violet, such as we occasionally read of in the
papers as ornamenting the “Ouse of Lords.”
George (gloomily). I am afraid we shall be the flower part of this
show.
Dennis. In what respect?
George. Why, wall flowers, of course.
Steven. Really, it’s no joking matter. I don’t know how long the
girls will carry on their intended neglect, but it will be strong while it
lasts.
Dennis (coming down stage indignantly). If I have to put in two
days of life without—without—
 Steven (interrupting). Faith, hope, or charity, which?
George. Why don’t you say Amy, and have done with it?
Dennis (half turning). Very well. If I have to put in a week here,
ten miles from anything, with Amy overflowing with sweetness for
that—that—
[Hesitates.
George. Oh, speak it out, old man! The word will do you good.
Dennis. No, it wouldn’t do justice to the subject.
Steven. Well, Dennis, you needn’t think you’re the only one in this
box.
Dennis. Hope he’ll get here on a rainy night, and no carriage at the
station, as Rose suggested. Do you suppose a fiver would make our
dearly beloved Burgess misunderstand the carriage order?
George. Burgess is a living proof of the saying, that “every man has
his price.”
Steven. How do you know?
George. I found it out when he drove Mrs. Wycherly home, quite
forgetting to say that Rose and I were to be picked up at Oakridge, as
she had specially directed.
Steven (reprovingly).
“You sockin’ old fox!
You pretty white cat—
I sink dear mama
Should be told about dat.”

Dennis (sadly). It might be possible to corrupt the worthy Burgess,

but, unless we could arrange for a rainy day, I don’t see that it would
do us much good. The Anglo-Saxon doesn’t think much of ten miles.
Steven. No; and the Wycherlys would be so hurt at a guest of theirs
having such an accident that they would be doubly sweet to him.
Dennis. What day did he say he would come?
Steven. “Friday, or perhaps sooner.”
George. I suppose the “D. & T.” can’t arrange one of their
numerous accidents for that train?
 Dennis (crossly). Of course not! Whoever heard of a timely
railroad disaster?
George. Oh, for a mishap of some kind!
Steven (springing to his feet and slapping his leg). Fellows, I have
an inspiration!
George. Did you get it by inheritance, or out of a bottle?
Steven. Look here; his ludship does not arrive, probably, till
Friday. My friend, Frank Parker, is to come up here Tuesday. Let’s
make him personate the “Lord high everything else.”

George} together {Well?

Dennis} {What for?

[Both rise and come down

stage to Steven.

Steven. Why, in the first place, we shall fool the girls. That’s one
for us! In the second place, they’ll carry out their tender programme
on him, and so be tired of it when the “only genuine has our name
blown in the bottle” puts in his appearance. That’s two for us! Thirdly
and lastly, we will tell him to be a snob, so that the girls will find it
impossible to carry out their plans on him. That’s three for us!
Dennis. But will Parker dare to play such a trick in his first visit?
Wouldn’t he be like those would-be tragedians whose first and last
appearances are identical?
Steven. Oh, Mrs. Wycherly would forgive him anything, for he is
the son of an old sweetheart of hers. As for Frank, he’s up to
anything, and has lived so long in the West that his highest form of
amusement is a practical joke.
Dennis. But how are you going to fool our hostess?
George. Why, she has never seen Frank, and only heard of his
existence when Steven and I brought word of the jolly fellow we had
met in Colorado.
Steven. And, besides, he’s a winner in disguising his person and
voice. George and I coached all one day, lamenting that he had been
left behind, and there he was, sitting beside the driver all the time.
Now to the act!