BENZODIAZEPINES

RN, MA
"


GABA-

( )chloride CL

,

,

.

 benzodiazepines-

()anxiolytic
()muscle relaxant
()anticonvulsant
( ,)sedative-hypnotic
.

()anxioety
()insomnia
( )convulsions
()seizures
( skeletal muscle
)spacticity
( alcohol withdrawal
)syndrom
( ,)sedative-hypnotic

,
,

.
,

( ,)sedative-hypnotic

.
1. brotizolam (Bondormin) t1/2 = 5 hrs

2. triazolam (Halcion) t1/2 = 3 hrs

3. midazolam (Dormicum) (Versed) t1/2 = 2 hrs

midazolam
( ,)premedication (.)gastroscopy

diazepam



,


.)sedative-hypnotic(
4. alprazolam (Xanax) (Xanagis) t1/2 = 12 hrs
5. lorazepam (Ativan) (Lorivan) t1/2 = 14 hrs
6. oxazepam (Vaben) (Serax) t1/2 = 8 hrs

(- oxazepam
.) metabolites
- oxazepam
.


.
7. flunitrazepam (Hypnodorm) t1/2 = 12 hrs
8. chlordiazepoxide (Librium) t1/2 = 24 hrs


()panic disorder( ,)anxiety
( ,)convulsions ( )epilepsy (.)hypnotic

9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
15.

nitrazepam (Numbon) t1/2 = 24 hrs

flurazepam (Dalmane) t1/2 = 24 hrs
chlorazepate (Tranxene) t1/2 = 75 hrs
halazepam (Paxipam) t1/2 = 75 hrs
quazepam (Doral) t1/2 = 75 hrs
prazepam (Centrax) t1/2 = 75 hrs
clonazepam (Clonex) (Klonopin) t1/2 = 30 hrs
diazepam (Assival) (Valium) t1/2 = 45 hrs


()CNS Depression
, , ,,
, , , , .

()Paradoxical Exitation
, , .
,

()Anterograde Amnesia
, ,


diazepam ,
. diazepam
( )intravenous IV .
COPD-
. benzodiazepines

()Rebound Insomnia

, .


.
."
,
.

()Tolerance
.

.- , ,
, .

()Dependence
.
( )psychological dependence
(.)physiological dependence

 ()Addiction
.
.

.

()Withdrawal Syndrome

.

.
.
:


, ( )sedation
( ,)coordination

. ,
,
.- ,
.

)Antidote: Flumazenil (Anexate

.
- ( )2-4 .
, - ()3-4
, .
-
benzodiazepines
.
.

THANK YOU