Gio vin hng dn:

Nguyn Th Anh Th
Nhm thc hin:
L Trng D MSSV: 112614056
Nguyn Minh Lng MSSV: 112614094
Phm Hunh Ngn MSSV: 112614102
Phm Hong Tun MSSV: 112614172
Nguyn Hu Vn MSSV: 112614175

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NI DUNG

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I. NH NGHA
H keo l h phn tn gia dung dch v huyn ph.
H keo,con goi l h phn tn cao ,l m t h thng co hai th cua v t
cht,m t dng hn hp gia hn hp ng nht v hn hp khng ng
nht
Rt nhiu cht quen thu c nh b,sa,kem sa,nha ng ,mc,sn...u
l h keo.

4
1. Theo kich thc ht phn tn
2. Theo trng thi t p hp pha cua h
3. Theo cng tng tc gia ht phn tn v mi
trng cua h

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1. Theo kich thc ht phn tn
Da vo kich thc hoc ng kinh cua h phn tn,cc h
phn tn c chia lm ba loi chinh sau:
H phn tn phn t
H phn tn keo
H phn tn th

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II. PHN LOI H KEO
H phn tn phn t: Trong h, cht phn tn dng nhng
phn t rt nh, kich thc nh hn 10-7cm, chng l nhng
phn t v ion n gin.
H phn tn keo: Gm cc ht phn tn co kich thc 10-7 n
10-4cm. H phn tn keo thng c goi l h keo hoc h
son(sol).
H phn tn th: Gm cc ht co kich thc ln hn 10-4cm,
h th l h vi d th khng bn vng.

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II. PHN LOI H KEO
2. Theo trng thi t p hp pha cua h
Da vo pha mi trng phn loi cc h vi d th:
Mi trng phn tn khi
Mi trng phn tn lng
Mi trng phn tn rn

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II. PHN LOI H KEO
Cht phn tn

Kh Lng Rn
Aerosol rn,
Khng co: tt c cc khi Aerosol lng V
Kh
u co th hoa tan c Vi d: sng m d:bi,khi
xe
sol(Dung dch
Bt,
Nh tng, keo),
Mi Lng Vi d: Kem sa nh
Vi d: sa, mu Vi
trng c
d: sn, mc
phn tn
Sol
gel,
Bt rn, rn(Dung
V
Vi dch keo
Rn d:gelatin,pho
d: polystyrene, rn),
mt,ngc mt
bt V d:thy
mo
tinh ruby 9
II. PHN LOI H KEO
3. Theo cng tng tc gia ht phn tn v mi trng cua h
H keo ght lu: H keo gm cc ht phn tn hu nh khng lin
quan vi mi trng th c goi l h keo ght lu hoc h keo
ght dung mi, nu mi trng nc th goi l h keo ght nc.
H keo a lu: H gm cc ht phn tn lin kt cht ch vi mi
trng cua h c goi l h keo a lu hay h keo a dung mi,
nu mi trng nc c goi l h keo a nc.

ophile), nu mi trng nc c goi l h keo a nc (hydrophile)

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III. C IM CA H KEO
Dung dch keo co kh nng phn tn nh sng.
S khuch tn trong dung dch keo rt chm.
p sut thm thu trong dung dch keo rt nh.
Dung dch keo co kh nng thm tich ( ht keo khng lot qua
mn bn thm).
Dung dch keo khng bn vng.
Dung dch keo thng co hin tng in di.

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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
1. Tinh cht quang hoc cua h phn tn
H keo phn tn nh sng
Ht keo co kich thc cng ln tn x cng mnh.
Nng ht cng ln nh sng b tn x cng mnh.
nh sng co bc song cng ngn cng b tn x mnh.

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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
2. Tinh cht quang hoc cua h phn tn
H keo hp th nh sng
Cc h phn tn bao m cc dch thc, dung dch keo, h
phn tn th nu co mu v khng trong sut th u co
kh nng hp th nh sng nhng mc khc nhau.
Mu sc cua dung dch keo ph thuc vo: bn cht cua
cht phn tn, mi trng phn tn, nng , hnh dng
ht, bc song nh sng, goc nhn.
Mu sc cua sol kim loi rt phc tp do sol kim loi va
hp th mnh nh sng li va phn tn nh sng.
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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
3. Tinh cht ng hoc theo phn t cua h keo
Chuyn ng Brown
Chuyn ng Brown l chuyn ng nhit cua cc ht pha
phn tn trong h keo cng nh cc h vi d th.
Chuyn ng Brown din ra khng ngng, khng ph thuc
vo cc ngun sng nng lng bn ngoi v chuyn ng
cng mnh khi nhit cng cao.

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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
S khuch tn trong dung dch keo
S khuch tn l mt qu trnh t din bin sang bng
nng cua cht phn tn vo mi trng phn tn.
Khuch tn l mt tinh cht c trng cua h phn tn. Tc
khuch tn cua cc ht keo nh hn nhiu so vi tc
khuch tn cua phn t hoc ion, v kich thc ht keo ln
hn nhiu so vi phn t hoc ion.
Nguyn nhn chu yu cua s khuch tn l s chuyn ng
nhit cua cc phn t cht phn tn v mi trng phn tn.

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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
p sut thm thu cua dung dch keo
Thm thu l s khuch tn mt chiu cua cc phn t dung
mi qua mng bn thm theo chiu hng lm gim nng
dung dch.
Noi mt cch rng hn th s thm thu l s khuch tn v
dung mi a n s sang bng nng trong ton b th
tich cua h.
p sut thm thu cua dung dch keo ch ph thuc vo s
ht ch khng ph thuc vo bn cht v kich thc ht
keo.

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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
S sa lng trong h keo
Cc ht phn tn co kich thc u ln nh ht phn tn
th d dng b lng ong xung y bnh, goi l s sa
lng. Tri li i vi dung dch thc, cc phn t hoc ion
co kich thc b th s chuyn ng nhit ln, nh hng
cua trong lc tr nn khng ng k, ngha l khng co s
sa lng phn t cc cht tan.
Trong thc t, trong mt h (goi l h a phn tn) th s
khuch tn v s sa lng xy ra phc tp hn nhiu.

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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
nht cua cc h keo
Do dung dch keo co cc phn t l lng vi kich thc
ln hn nhiu so vi kich thc cua cc phn t thng
thng. Nn h keo co vn tc chy tng, s chy dong
chuyn sang chy cun sm hn.
Mt khc, ht keo lm gim khong khng gian cua cht
lng cho nn nht cua dung dch keo bao gi cng ln
hn dung dch phn tn.

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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
4. Tinh cht i n cua cc h keo
Mt s hin tng in trong h keo
Hin tng in di
Hin tng in thm
Hiu ng Dorn
Hin tng th chy

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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
ng dng cua hin tng in trong h keo:
p dng hin tng in di co th tch c nhng thnh
phn cua nhng hn hp phc tp nh cc protit t nhin
v cc cht in ly cao phn t.
Dng phng php in di phu ln b mt vt liu dn
in mt lp mng cc ht keo co ng nht cao vi
b dy cn thit.
in di con c p dng phu cao su ln b mt kim
loi.
in thm c ng dng trong vic lm kh cc vt liu
xp v loc tch cc lp kt tua

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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
Cu to ht ght lu:
Hai thnh phn chu yu cua ht keo l nhn keo v lp
in kp:
Nhn keo:
Nhn keo do rt nhiu phn t, nguyn t hoc ion
n gin tp hp li, cng co trng hp do s chia
nh cua ht ln hn.
Nhn keo co th co cu to tinh th hoc v nh
hnh, nhng l phn vt cht n nh, hu nh khng
co bin i trong cc qu trnh chuyn ng cua h
phn tn.

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IV. TNH CHT CA H KEO
Lp in kp:
Lp in kp gm hai lp in tich ngc du nhau,
nhng cu to phc tp v lun lun bin i di
tc ng bn ngoi (mi trng, pH, lc ion, nhit
).
Lp in kp c hnh thnh chu yu do s hp
ph.

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V. IU CH DUNG DCH KEO
1. iu ch
Co hai phng php chinh iu ch l phng php phn tn
v phng php ngng t
Phng php phn tn: bao gm cc bin php chia nh
cc ht phn tn co kich thc ln thnh cc ht co kich
thc nh, thich hp. Vi d: nghin, xay, gi, dng h
quang, siu m,
Phng php ngng t: bao gm cc bin php tp hp cc
phn t nh thnh cc ht co kich thc thich hp.

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V. IU CH DUNG DCH KEO
2. Tinh ch keo
Trong qu trnh iu ch, do nguyn liu dng, do phi
thm cht lm bn nn dung dch keo thu c thng
khng sch. Trong o cc cht lm bn th cht in ly l
cht nh hng ln n tinh cht cua h keo. Do o vic
tinh ch keo, trc ht nhm tch cc cht in ly ra khi h
bng phng php thm tich.
Ngoi phng php thm tich con co th dng phng php
siu loc.

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VI. NG DNG H KEO TRONG
BO CH THUC
1. Nh tng thuc
Nh tng thuc l g?
Nh tng thuc gm cc dng thuc lng hoc mm
ung ,tim,dng ngoi c iu ch bng cch dng tc
dng cua cht nh ho thich hp trn u hai cht lng
khng ng tan c goi l cch quy c:du v nc.
Du: bao gm cc cht du,m,sp,tinh du v nhng
cht khng tan trong nc.
Nc: bao gm nc ct,nc schoc cc dung dch
nc cua cc dc cht .

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VI. NG DNG H KEO TRONG
BO CH THUC
ng dng cua nh tng thuc trong ngnh dc
Dng a thuc qua ng ung,qua da v qua trc trng
khi nh tng l du.
Lm cho thuc d ung khi dc cht lm du v lm gim
tinh nhn v che du s kho chu cua du.Vi d:nh tng
du gan c,nh tng du parafinnh tng dng ng
ng phi l kiu D/N.

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VI. NG DNG H KEO TRONG
BO CH THUC
Gia tng s hp th cua du v cc dc cht tan trong du
ti thnh rut non.
Cc ch phm dng da ton thn dng qua ng tim
di dng nh tng.Cc nh tng v trng c ch nh
a cc cht bo,cacbon hydat v vitamin vo c th
bnh nhn suy nhc.
Cc thuc dng ngoi da dng bo
ch ng dng cu trc nh tng
nhiu nht.

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VI. NG DNG H KEO TRONG
BO CH THUC
2. Thuc m
Kem bi da cng l mt loi thuc m co th cht rn
mm v rt mn do thnh phn cua no co hm lng ln
cc cht lng (t dc th lng hoc hp cht tan trong
du hoc nc) thng co cu trc nh tng kiu D/N
hoc N/D.
Vi d: Madecasol Cc kem thuc co th cht lng snh
c goi l sa dng cho da (sa tm lactacid, hazelin)

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TI LIU THAM KHO
Docs.google.com
Vi.wikipedia.org

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