Career & T

echnical

Multiview Drawing

5.00
Demonstrate orthographic projection t
echniques and principles as they apply
to multiview drawings..
 Career & T
echnical

Multiview Drawing

5.01
Explain the concepts and principle
s underlying the creation of multiv
iew drawings.
 Multiview Drawing

Another name for orthographic projection

is multiview drawing

Involves visualization and implementatio

n
 Ability to see clearly in the mind’s eye an ob
ject
 Process of drawing the object
 Multiview Drawing

A system that allows you to make a two

-dimensional drawing of a three-dimensi
onal object
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 Viewing Objects

 A box is formed by
six mutually perpen
dicular planes of pro
jection that are loca
ted around the obje
ct
 Viewing Objects

Lines are formed on the planes by project

ing the edges of the object onto the plane
s

 These images are ca

lled “views”
 There are six views f

ormed by the planes

of a box
 Viewing Objects

Unfolding the box produces an arrange

ment of the six views

TOP

BACK L.SIDE FRONT R.SIDE

BOTTOM
Angles of Projection

First-angle projection
 Used by many European countr
ies
 Object is projected onto planes
from the first angle or quadrant
 Front view projected to vertical pl
ane
 Top view projected to horizontal p
lane
 Left-side view projected to profile
plane
 Angles of Projection

Third-angle projection
 Standard for the United States
 Third quadrant is used for proje
TOPVIEW ction
 Front view projected to vertic
al plane
 Top view projected to horizon
tal plane
 Right-side view projected to p
rofile plane
FRONTVIEW RSIDE
 Viewing Objects

Each view is placed in a c

onstant location relative t
o the other views
Each view must be place
d in its correct position
Views and features must
be aligned
 Choosing Views

Most commonly used v 2.00

iews TOPVIEW
5.13

Front View
2.88
1.63 1.25
 Ø1.52
45°

 Top View 3.50

Right Side View

2.50
2.25

 1.50

Most descriptive view i FRONTVIEW R. SIDE

VIEW
s typically designated
as the Front View
 Choosing Views

Complex objects require three view

s to describe its shape
Simple objects can be described wi
th two views
 Ex: Soda Can
Thin objects can be described with
only one view
 Depth is given in a note
 Ex: Erasing Shield
 Choosing the Views

Objects described in two views

 Third view would add nothing to
the description of the object
 Carefully select views to describ
e shape of objects accurately
 Curved Surfaces
CYLINDER CONE

Some curved
surfaces do
not show as
curves in all
views
WHEEL FRUSTRUM
 Object Dimensions

All objects have 3 dim

ensions
 Height

 Distance from top t

o bottom

HEIGHT
 Width
 Distance from side
to side WI
DT
Depth
H
 TH
P
DE
 Distance from the f
ront to back
 Object Dimensions

Front View
 Shows width & height
Top View
Shows width & depth

DEPTH


Side View TOP VIEW

WIDTH
DEPTH
 Shows height & depth

HEIGHT
FRONT VIEW R. SIDE
VIEW
Drawing Views of Objects

Depth can be projected between vie

ws by using a 45° miter line
TOP VIEW

R. SIDE
FRONT VIEW
 Line Types - Visible

Edges that can be seen in a given vi

ew areVisible or Object lines
Visible lines are thick and dark
 .028” or .7mm
 F or HB lead

FRONT VIEW
 Line Types - Hidden

Edges that cannot be seen from a g

iven view are indicated by Hidden li
nes

TOP VIEW
 Line Types - Hidden

Drawing hidden lines

 .125” (3mm) dashes
 .0625” (1mm) spaces between dashes

 Thin: .020” (.5mm)

 Dark: F or HB lead

.125"

.0625"
 Line Types - Hidden

Follow rules for hidden line placeme

nt
 Alphabet of Lines
Drawings produced with CAD may vi
olate hidden line rules
 Line Types – Center

Center lines indicate axes

of symmetry

TOP VIEW
 Line Types – Center

Perpendicular lines for circular objects

 Small dashes cross at the center point of fe
ature
 One center line drawn to indicate longitudin
al axis of cylinder or hole

R. SIDE
FRONTVIEW VIEW
 Line Types - Center

Draw center lines using a series of long a

nd short dashes
 .125” (3mm) short dash @ the center
 .75”- 1.5” (20mm-40mm) long dash
 .0625” (1mm) spaces between dashes
 Thin: .02” (5mm)
Long dash extends .125” to .25” beyond f
eature .125"

.75" - 1.5" .0625"

 Precedence of Lines

Which line should be drawn when tw

o lines coincide?
 Visible line coincides with hidden or ce
nter line
 Visible line is shown
 Hidden line coincides with center line
 Hidden line is shown
 Placement of Views

Views should be visually balanced w

ithin the working space

2.00

TOP VIEW

5.13
2.88
1.63 1.25

Ø2.22
45°

3.00

2.00
1.75
1.50

FRONT VIEW R. SIDE VIEW

SPECIAL CAM R. MIGLIORATO 5/9/03 SCALE 1:1 16-52 12 NBHS

Steps for Centering a Drawing

Draw border and title block usin

g light construction lines
Draw diagonal lines from corner
s of border .75

8.50

7.00

.25 .25

.50
.25
10.50
11.00
Steps for Centering a Drawing

Add: TOP VIEW

 Width 5.13
 Space 1.50 2.00

 Depth 2.00
 Horizontal 8.63 2.88
5.13

1.63 1.25

Ø2.22
45°

 Height 3.00
Space 1.50
3.00

 1.75
2.00
1.50

 Depth 2.00
R. SIDE
 Vertical 6.50 FRONT VIEW VIEW
Steps for Centering a Drawing

Draw a box the size of all views

Measure from the center:
 Half the width
 Half the height
3"

4.3"
4.3"

3"
Steps for Centering a Drawing

Draw in views using light construction lin

es

2.00 TOP VIEW

1.50

R. SIDE
3.00 FRONT VIEW VIEW

5.13 1.50 2.00

 Adding Details

Add holes and features

Transfer horizontal and vertical features
Use miter line to transfer depth

TOP VIEW

FRONT VIEW R. SIDE VIEW

SPECIAL CAM R. MIGLIORATO 5/9/03 SCALE 1:1 16-52 12 NBHS

 Career & T
echnical

Multiview Drawing

5.02
Visualize objects and views
 Straight Edges

Edges that are perpendic

ular to a plane of project
6

5
B
2 ion appear as a point
1
A 4

1 2 3
6 2 6 2 6 2
4 4 4
A B A B A
B
3 3 3
5 1 5 1 5 1
5 5 5 5 6
6 B 6 B 6 B
B
1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2
2 2 2
A A A A A
4 4 4
4 4
 Straight Edges

Edges that are parallel to a plane of projection

appear as lines
Edges that are inclined to a plane of projection
appear as foreshortened lines

TRUELENGTH
TRUEL
ENGTH

TRUELENGTH POINT FORESHORTENED

VIEW FORESHORTENED
 Curved Edges

Curved edges project as straight lines on the p

lane to which they are perpendicular
Curved edges project as curved lines on the pl
anes to which they are parallel or inclined
 Normal Surfaces

Normal surfaces appear as an edge in t

wo opposite principal views, and appear
a surface in all other principal views.
 Inclined Surfaces

Inclined surfaces appear as an edge in tw

o opposite principal views, and appear fo
reshortened (not true size) in all other pri
ncipal views.
 Oblique Surfaces

Oblique surfaces do not appear either as

an edge or true size in any principal view.
 Intersections & Tangencies

Where a curved surface is tangent to a p

lane surface, no line should be shown wh
ere they join

NOLINE

NO
LINE
 Intersections & Tangencies

Where a plane surface intersects a curve

d surface, an edge is formed

LINE

LINE
 Intersections & Tangencies

Where the plane surface is horizontal or

vertical, exceptions to these rules may oc
cur

LINE
VERTICAL
SURFACE
Multiview Assignment