DESIGN OF STEEL

BRIDGES
1-Design of Roadway Plate Girder Bridges

2- Design of Railway Truss Girder Bridges

3-Analysis of Beam Grids and Design of Composite Plate Girder Bridges

1-Type of
Steel Bridges
1-1 Related to the purpose of the bridge
• Roadway bridges
• Railway bridges
• Foot bridges
• Combined bridges
• Industrial bridges
• Special bridges

1-2 Related to the construction of the main girder

• The main girder are plate girders
• The main girder are trusses

1-3 Related to the statical system of main girders

• Simple bridges (short span bridges, up to 60 m)

•1
• Continuous bridges (medium span bridges, from 60 to 200 m)

1-4 Related to the position of the bridge floor

• Deck bridges, where the floor is at the upper level of main girders
• Semi-Deck bridges, where the floor is at the middle part of main girders
• Pony (Through) bridges, where the floor is at the lower level of main girders
2- Layout of bridges
2-1Main dimensions
• Spacing between stringer (a) = 1.75 – 2.25 m
• Spacing between cross girder (S) = 4 – 6 m
• For main girder (hw) = 𝒔𝒑𝒂𝒏(L) /10-12
• For cross girder (hx.g= 𝑩/7-9 …. For deck) , (hx.g= (𝑩+2C)/7-9 …. For pony or semi-deck)
• Spacing between vertical stiffeners = 1.5 – 1.8 m
• For horizontal stiffeners
 𝐡w ≤ 20𝟎 𝐜𝐦 … … … … … . 𝐍𝐨 𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐳𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐫𝐬
 200 < 𝐡w≤ 𝟐8𝟎 𝐜𝐦 … … … . . 𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐳𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐟. (𝐡w/5) from compression flange
 𝐡w> 𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝐜𝐦 … … … . … 𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐳𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐚𝐥 𝐬𝐭𝐢𝐟𝐟𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐫 (𝐡𝐰/5 + 𝐡𝐰/2) from compression flange
 2-2Type of the bridge with respect to the position of the bridge floor L=25 m B=8m c=2
m
Hall =R.L – W.L – N.R= 17.00 – 10.00 -5.0 =2.0 m
Road level (R.L) = 17.00 R.L

Hall

N.R=5.00 m
Water level (W.L) =10.00 W.L

For deck bridge: Hact= For pony bridge: Hact=

(3-8 cm=5cm (Asphalt) (3-8 cm=5cm (Asphalt)
+ 20cm (Slab) + 20cm (Slab)
+ 5cm (Haunch) + 5cm (Haunch)
+ hw = L/10 =2500/10 =250 cm + h (x.g)=(B+2c)/8 =(800+2*200)/8=150cm
+ 6-8 cm ( Thickness of flanges) + 6-8 cm ( Thickness of flanges)
+ δall=L/600 =2500/600=4.25 cm + δ all=L/600 =4.25 cm
Hact =290cm > Hall =200 cm (Deck) Hact > Hall (Pony) Hact = 190 cm ≤ Hall =200 cm (pony)
Hact > Hall increase the road Level