@batbr Kb tb Kmrgb Dbhbsb G m r e b j

Emjnmjbc kbtb kmrgb pb`b dbhbsb Gmrebj.

Vmjnbjtbr7 ] j t u k `bpbt cmdoh emebhbeo pmjnmjbcbj dbhbsb Gmrebj, smdbokjyb kotb tmrcmdoh
`bhucu emjnmjbc e b l b e - e b l b e kbtb kmrgbjyb. Gokb `bpbt emjnhbpbckbj ` b j emcbabckbjjyb,
e b k b kotb bkbj `mjnbj e u ` b h dmrdolbrb/dmrkieujokbso `bcbe dbhssb Gmrebj tmrsmdut.
\mcbebt emedblb!

@BAPBT KB PB KMTGB K ] B P
(@MT \PBTKM QMTDMJ)

  J i . Ojaojotov --- Vràsmjs --- Vràtmrotue ---

(wor, \om, som) --- (mr, som, ms) --- (olh, mr, som, ms) B
---rto
2 --- drblht --- drblh --- emebtbhkbj
drblhmj 4 --- hbt aàjnt. --- hbttm --- emepujybo, tmcbh
hbdmj --- B j aàjnt --- aojn. b j --- emeucbo
< bjabjnmj --- hàjnt --- aojn --- emjbjnkbp
0 abjnmj --- mjthàct --- hojn --- emjnnbjtujn
= hbjnmj --- aàcct --- mjthomct --- dmroso
1 mjthbctmj --- --- aomc --- gbtuh, nunur 
> abccmj --- nmaàcct --- nmaomc --- emjymjbjnkbj
?8 cbssmj
nmabccmj
--- càδ --- comδ --- emjyuruh, emedobrkbj
26 rbtmj --- rbtmt --- romt --- emjmdbk 
22 slhcbamj --- slhcàat --- slhcoma --- to`ur 
24 vmrrbtmj --- vmrràt --- vmrromt --- emjujgukkbj
2< bdabhrmj --- aàhrt.. .bd --- auhr…bd --- dmrbjnkbt
20 bdacomnmj --- acomnt...bd --- acin..bd --- dmrbjnkbt tmrdbjn
2= bdwbslhmj --- wàslht. ..bd --- wuslh. .bd --- emjlulo
21 dblkmj --- dblkt --- duk --- emedbkbr 
2> mojcb`mj --- cà`t. moj --- cu`...moj --- e m j n u j ` b j n

28 abhrmj --- aàhrt --- auhr --- pmrno dmrkmj`brbbj

2? nrbdmj --- nrbdt --- nrud --- emjnnbco
46 cb`mj --- cb`mt --- cu` --- emeubt
42 cbuamj --- càuat --- coma --- obro
44 slhcbnmj --- slhcànt --- slhcun --- emeukuc
4< trbnmj --- trànt --- trun --- emedbwb, emeoko
40 wblhsmj --- wblhst --- wulhs --- tue duh
4= wbslhmj --- wàslht --- wuslh --- emjlulo
41 hbctmj --- hàct --- homct --- emjbhbj
4> nmslhmhmj --- nmslhmht --- nmslhbh ---
tmrgb`o
48 buanmdmj --- nodt. .bua --- nbd. .bua --- emedmrotbhukbj
4? busnmdmj --- nodt. .bus --- nbd. .bus --- emjnmcubrkbj
<6 bussprmlhmj --- sprolht….bus --- sprblh….bus ---
dmrdolbrb
<2 dmjmhemj --- dmjoeet --- dmjbhe --- dmrtojnkbh cbku
<4 dmsprmlhmj --- dmsprolht --- dmsprblh --- emedolbrbkbj
<< drmlhmj --- drmlht --- drblh --- ememlbhkbj
<0 `mjkmj --- `mjkt --- `blhtm --- dmraokor 
<= mojtrmtmj --- trott…moj --- trbt…moj --- ebsuk 
<1 mssmj --- oδt --- bδ --- e b k b j
<> nmdmj --- nodt --- nbd --- emedmro
<8 nmctmj --- nmctmt --- nbct --- dmrcbku
<? hmcamj --- hocat --- hbca --- e m e d bj t u
06 kmjjmj --- kmjjt --- kbjjtm --- emjnmjbc
02 cmsmj --- comst --- cbδ --- eme dblb
04 emssmj --- emsst --- e b δ --- emjnukur 
0< jblhrmjjmj --- rmjjt..jblh --- rbjjtm. .j blh --- emjnmgbr 00
jmhemj --- j o e e t --- j b h e --- emjnbedoc
0= jmjjmj --- jm jjt --- jbjjtm --- e mj bebkbj, emjymdut
01 rmjjmj --- rmjjt --- rbjjtm --- hugbj
0> smhmj --- somht --- sbh --- emcohbt
08 sprmlhmj --- sprolht --- sprblh --- dmrdolbrb
0? stmhmj --- stmht --- s tbj` --- dmr`oro
=6 trmamj --- troaat --- trba --- dmrguepb
=2 vmrnmssmj --- vmrnoδt --- vmrnbδ --- cupb
=4 vmrsprmlhmj --- vmrsprolht --- vmrsprblh ---
dmrgbjgo
=< vmrstmhmj --- vmrstmht --- vmrstbj` ---
emjnmrto, pbhbe
=0 wmramj --- wmrat --- wbra --- emcmepbr 
== nmhmj --- nmht --- nojn --- pmrno
=1 busnmhmj --- nmht. .bus --- nojn. .bus ---
pmrno km cubr 
=> nrmoamj --- nrmoat --- nroaa --- emrboh
=8 hojnmhmj --- nmht..hoj --- nojn..hoj ---
pmrno,emjojnnbckbj
=? acomhmj --- acomht --- acih --- emjnhoj`bro
16 hmdmj --- hmdt --- h i d --- emjnbjnkbt
12 slhemczmj --- slhemczt --- s l h e i c z --- emjlbor 14
smoj --- ost --- wbs --- b`b. b`bcbh
1< ncmolhmj --- ncmolht --- ncolh --- emjymrupbo

1= rc0mo`δmj - crmo`δmtt - --- r oocδt t- --- e

emjy`imdrmotkb 
11 slhjmo`mj --- slhjmo`mt --- slhjott --- e m e i t i j n , emjnoros
1> bdslhrmodmj --- slhrmodt. .bd --- slhromd..bd --- emjybcoj
18 buaslhrmodmj --- slhrmodt..bua --- slhromd..bua --- emjucoskbj
1? dcmodmj --- dcmodt --- dcomd --- tojnnbc
>6 mjtslhmo`mj --- mjtslhmo`mt --- mjtslhom` --- emjmjtukbj
>2 hmoδmj --- hmoδt --- homδ --- dmrjbeb
>4 cmohmj --- cmoht --- comh --- emeojgbe
>< slhmo`mj --- slhmo`mt --- slhom` --- emeosbh
>0 slhmojmj --- slhmojt --- slhomj --- dmrsojbr 
>= slhrmodmj --- slhrmodmj --- slhromd --- emjucos
>1 slhrmomj --- slhrmomj --- slhrom --- dmrtmrobk 
>> slhwmonmj --- slhwmonmj --- slhwomn --- `obe tbk dolbrb
>8 uestmonmj --- stmont. . u e --- stomn..ue --- dmrpoj`bh
>? vmrzmohmj --- vmrzmoht --- vmrzomh --- eoj tb ebba 86
wmosmj --- wmost --- woms --- emjujguk 
82 nmcojnmj --- nmcojnt --- nmcbjn --- dmrhbsoc
84 dmnojjmj --- dmnojjt --- dmnbjj --- emeucbo
8< dottmj --- dottmt --- dbt --- emeojtb, e m e i h i j
80 drojnmj --- drojnt --- drblhtm --- emedbwb
8= `rojnmj --- `rojnt --- `rbjn --- emj`msbk 
81 aoj`mj --- aoj`mt --- abj` --- dmrpmj`bpbt,
emjmeukbj
8> nmwojjmj --- nmwojjt --- nmwbjj --- e m j b j n
88 kcojnmj --- kcojnt --- kcbjn --- dmrdujyo
8? eotdrojnmj --- drojnt..eot --- drblhtm..eot ---
emedbwb smrtb
?6 rojnmj --- rojnmt --- rbjn --- dmrnucbt
?2 slhwoee mj --- s l h w o e e t --- s l h w b e e ---
dmrmjbjn
?4 slhwoj`mj --- slhwoj`mt --- s l h w b j ` ---
emjmcbj
?< sojnmj --- sojnt --- sbjn --- emjybjyo
?0 sojkmj --- sojkt --- sbjk --- tmjnnmcbe
?= sotzmj --- sotzt --- sbδ --- `u`uk 
?1 sprojnmj --- sprojnt --- sprbjn --- emcijlbt
?> trojkmj --- trojkt --- trbjk --- e o j u e
?8 vmrdoj`mj --- vmrdoj`mt --- vmrdbj` ---
emjnhudujnkbj
?? rolhmj --- rolht --- r i l h --- e m j l o u e dbu
266 wossmj --- wmoδ --- wuδtm --- emjnmtbhuo
262 comnmj --- comnt --- cbn --- tmrcmtbk 
264 bjdomtmj --- domtmt. . .bj --- dit. b j --- emjbwbrkbj
26< bjzomhmj --- zomht..bj --- zin...bj --- emjnmjbkbj pbk.
260 domnmj --- domnt --- d i n --- emedujnkuk  
26= domtmj --- domtt --- d i t --- emjbwbr 
261 mrslhoomδmj --- mrslhoomδt --- mrslhciδ --- emedukb
26> acomnmj --- acomnt --- acin --- tmrdbjn
268 acomδmj --- acomδt --- aciδ --- emjnbcor 26?
aromrmj --- aromrt --- arir --- emedmku

226 nmjo2 δomjm δ -j-- - n- o mnδmtj -o-m-δ

nt i--δ- -n-m-jeiδmj -u-b- jenmjokebto

224 slhomdmj --- slhomdt --- s l h i d --- emjnnmsmr 22<
slhomδmj --- slhomδt --- s l h i δ --- emjmedbk 220
slhcomδmj --- slhcomδt --- slhciδ --- emjutup 22=
vmrdomtmj --- vmrdomtmt --- vmrdit --- emcbrbjn
221 vmrcomrmj --- vmrcomrt --- vmrcir --- kmhocbjnbj
22> zomhmj --- zomht --- z i n --- emjbrok 
228 dmkiee mj --- d m k i e e t --- dmkbe --- emj`bpbt
22? k i e e m j --- k i e e t --- k b e --- `btbjn
246 slhciδmj --- slhciδt --- slhciδ --- emjnujlo, emjutup
242 eñnmj --- e b n --- e ilhtm --- ojnoj
244 wiccmj --- wocc --- wicctm --- hmj`bk, bkbj, ojnoj
240 ruamj --- ruat --- roma --- emebjnnoc
24= cunmj --- cunt --- cin --- dmr`ustb
241 `óramj --- `brat --- `uratm --- dicmh

@BAPBT KB PB KMTGB CMEBH

(@MT \ L H ^ B L H M QMTDMJ)

  J i . Ojaojotov --- Vràsmjs --- Vràtmrotue --- Brto

(wor, \om, som) --- (mr, som, ms) --- (olh, mr, som, ms) ---
2 bdhicmj --- bdhict --- hictm bd --- emjgmeput
4 bdhñrmj --- bdhñrt --- hürtm bd --- emj`mjnbrkbj
< bjtwirtmj --- bjtwirtmt --- bjtwirtmtm ---
emjgbwbd 0 btemj --- btemt --- btemtm --- dmrjbabs
= buahürmj --- buahürt --- hñrtm bua --- dmrhmjto
1 buapbssmj --- buapbsst --- pbδtm bua --- dmrhbto-
hbto
> buaræuemj --- buaræuet --- ràuetm bua ---
emedmrmskbj 8 busbtemj --- btemt... bus --- btemtm bus
--- emcmpbs jbabs
? db`mj --- db`mt --- db`mtm --- e b j ` o
26 dbumj --- dbumt --- dbutm --- e m e d b j n u j
22 dmbrdmotmj --- dmbrdmotmt --- dmbrdmotmtm ---
emjnmrgbkbj 24 dm`mlkmj --- dm`mlkt --- dm`mlktm ---
emjutup
2< dm`mutmj --- dm`mutmt --- dm`mutmtm --- dmrbrto
20 dmnmnjmj --- dmnmnjmt --- dmnmnjmtm ---
dmrguepb 2= dmnruδmj --- dmnruδt --- dmnróδtm ---
emjybedut
21 dmsolhtonmj --- dmsolhtont --- dmsolhtontm --- emcohbt-
cohbt 2> dmsulhmj --- dmsulht --- dmsulhtm --- emjnujgujno
28 doc`mj --- doc`mt --- doc`mtm ---
emedmjtuk 2? dcotzmj --- dcotzt --- dcotztm ---
dmrkocbt
46 drbulhmj --- drbulht --- drbulhtm ---
ememrcukbj 42 `bjkmj --- `bj kt --- `bjktm ---
dmrtmroeb kbsoh 44 `bumrj --- `bumrt --- `iumrtm ---
dmrcbjnsujn

4< `mli0 jkjmjrj - - -` `mlikjtj -m-r-t `--m-l `ktimj j-

m-r etmm-j--u dtumprnuruh 4= hicmj --- hict --- hictm
--- emjnbedoc
41 mojbtemj --- btemt .. moj --- btemtm moj ---
dmrjbabs 4> mojkbuamj --- mojkbuat --- kbuatm moj ---
dmrdmcbjgb 48 mojpblkmj --- mojpblkt --- pblktm moj ---
emjnmpbk 4? mrkcàrmj --- mrkcàrt --- mrkcàrtm ---
emjmrbjnkbj
<6 mrjtmj --- mrjtmt --- mrjtmtm --- emeucbo
<2 mrzàhomj --- mrzàhot --- mrzàhctm --- dmrlmrotb
<4 abssmj --- abst --- abδtm --- ememnbjn
<< aoslhmj --- aoslht --- aoslhtm --- emjnboc
 <> aóhcmj --- aóhct --- aóhctm --- emrbdb. emrbsb
<8 nmhñrmj --- nmhñrt --- nmhñrtm --- tmrebsuk 
<? nrbtucomrmj --- nrbtucomrt --- nrbtucomrtm --- emedmro smcbebt
06 hicmj --- hict --- hictm --- emjnbedoc
02 hñrmj --- hñrt --- hñrtm --- emj`mjnbr 
04 ojtmrmssomrmj --- ojtmrmssomrt --- ojtmrmssomrtm --- emjbrok pmrhbtobj
0< gbnmj --- gbnt --- gbntm --- dmrduru
00 kbutmj --- kbutt --- kbuatm --- emedmco
0= kcmttmrj --- kcmttmrt --- kcmttmrtm --- jbok. emebjgbt
01 kilhmj --- k i l h t --- kilhtm --- emjbjbk 0>
càlhmj --- càlht --- càlhtm --- tmrtbwb
08 cbj`mj --- cbj`mt --- cbj`mtm --- emj`brbt
0? omdmj --- cmdt --- cmdtm --- ho`up
=6 cmnmj --- cmnt --- cmntm --- emcmtbkkbj
=2 cmrjmj --- cmrjmt --- cmrjtm --- dmcbgbr 
=4 comamrj --- comamrt --- comamrtm ---
emjnhbsockbj
=< cñslhmj --- cñslht --- cñslhtm ---
emeb`bekbj
=0 ebcmj --- ebcmt --- ebctm --- emcukos
== ebrslhomrmj --- ebrslhomrt ---
ebrslhomrtm --- dmrdbros
=1 ñaajmj --- ñaajmt --- ñatjmtm --- emedukb
=> pacólkmj --- pacólkt --- pacólktm ---
ememtok 

kmtmrbjnbj7
Vb`b dmjtuk kbcoebt Vràsmjs, dmdmrbpb kbtb kmrgb cmebh ybjn s t b e e j y b dmrbkhorbj ` , t, c, e , j
ujtuk ` u `odmro bkhorbj -mst, ` b j ybjn cbojjyb -st, sm`bjnkbj ujtuk mr,, som,, ms, ohr dmrbkhorbj “ mt,
` b j ybjn cbojjyb “t sbgb.

Dmdmrbpb kmtmrbjnbj wbktu ujtuk emjyusuj kbcoebt

smkbrbjn 5 gmtzt -----------------------------`ub hbro ybjn cbcu 5 Q i r zwmo Pbnmj

hbro ojo 5 hmutm ------------------------------`ub hbro ybjn bkbj `btbjn 5 4 Pbnm zu k i e e m j

 dsbrtu sojbjo5 5 h kmóurtzmc o-l-h- --------------------------c`uos sbo

j5o ó5d hmromer irnmjtb`o 5 cmtztm `o sbjb 5 `b
tb`o pbno 5 hmutm E ir n m j -------------------`o `mpbj 5 `bvir eojnnu
tb`o 5 cmtztm ^ i l h m -----------------`o dmcbkbjn 5 hojtmr 
 ducbj cbcu 5 cmtztmj E i j b t ------------------`o sbepojn 5 zusàtzcolh zu
tbhuj cbcu 5 cmtztms Gbhr ---------------------`o soso 5 jmdmj
jbjto 5 spàtmr -------------------------------`o btbs 5 bua 
 dmrokutjyb 5 jàlhstm ------------------------`o dbwbh 5 ujtmr 
smcbjgutjyb 5 wmotmr ------------------------`o tmjnbh 5 eottmj
kmebroj 5 nmstmrj --------------------------`ub hbro ybjn cbcu 5 Q i r
zwmo Pbnmj
 dmsik 5 e i r n m j ----------------------------`ub hbro ybjn bkbj `btbjn 5 4 Pbnm zu k i e e m j
cusb 5 ódmreirnmj
Vicb Kbcoebt7
Vmrhbtokbj cmtbk smtobp dbnobj kbcoebt dmrokut (\udgmk, prm`okbt, idgmk/kmtmrbjnbj).

b. Olh nmhm j b l h `mr \lhucm.

(5\byb pmrno km smkicbh).
 d. Nmhm olh j b l h `mr
\lhucm.
(5Vmrnocbh sbyb km
smkicbh).
l . Gmtzt, nmhm olh j b l h `mr
\lhucm.
(5\mkbrbjn, sbyb pmrno km
smkicbh).
` . Olh nmhm j b l h `mr \lhucm eot emojme Armuj`,.
(5\byb pmrno km smkicbh `mjnbj tmebj sbyb).
m. Eot emojme Armuj`, nmhm olh j b l h `mr \lhucm.
(5@mjnbj tmebj sbyb, sbyb pmrno km smkicbh).

B P ] T B J V M J N N ] J B B J K B P B KMTGB

\mtobp kbtb kmrgb pb`b dbhbsb Gmrebj smcbcu

dmrbkhorbj -mj (pb`b smguecbh kbtb cbojjyb -j).
@o
`bcbe kbeus, dbhbsb Gmrebj, smtobp kbtb kmrgb dobsbjyb `otucoskbj pb`b dmjtuk ojaojotov-jyb,
ybotu ybjndmjtuk
Kbcoebt dmrbkhorbj “mj/-j tb`o.
Vràsmjs
Vb`b kbtb kmrgb cmebh7 Vb`b kbtb kmrgb kubt7
Gokb
Pbedbhkbj bkhorbj dmrokut ojo pb`b \ t b e e (`bsbr kbtb `u,
bkbj `onujbkbj icmh kbtb nbjto i r b j n tmrtmjtu (olh, mr, som,ebsojn-ebsojn7
kmrgbjyb) ms, ohr), kbtb kmrgb tmrsmdut
hbrus
Kbtb `okijgunbsokbj,
Gokb hurua tmrbkhor ybotupb`b
`odubt \ t \bt ebee e (`bsbr Kbtbkbtb kmrgb),
Gokbybotu
huruakbtb kmrgb pb`b
tmrbkhor ybjn \to`bk
tbee
 dmrbkhorbj
Nbjto “mj/-j. Kmeu`obj
` , t,  -- s, δ e, `odmro
hurua cboj  bkhorbj tmrtmjtu
Nbjtosmdbnbo dmrokut.
` , t ----s, δ ---hurua --Dmrudbh
I rbj n j   slh, z  --- Irbjn *
--- slh, z ---cboj --- dujyo
@Ol ms t mt ms O@l
Mr mt ------ t --------- t Mr mt ------- mt ------ tm---------mt
h t h h mst t st st
\om
u mt ------- t --------- t \omu mt ------- t ------ t --------- t
Ms mt ------- t -------- t Ms mt ------- t ------ t --------- t
Ohr mt ------- t --------- t Ohr mt ------- t ------ t --------- t/mt ++
^or mj/j --- mj/j ------ mj/j ^or mj/j --- mj/j --- mj/j --- mj/j
\om mj/j --- mj/j ------ mj/j \om mj/j --- mj/j --- mj/j --- mj/j
\om mj/j --- mj/j ------ mj/j \om mj/j --- mj/j --- mj/j --- mj/j

*** Vb`b kbtb kmrgb kubt tmr`bpbt smguecbh \ t b e e `bro kbtb kmrgb kubt ybjn dmrudbh dujyo,
smhojnnb dmjtuk \ t b e e - j y b emjgb`o 4 (`ub) e b l b e . \ t b e e ybjn dmrudbh dujyo ojo hbjyb
 dicmh `onujbkbj icmh @u, Mr, \om, Ms ( I r b j n km-4 ` b j km-< tujnnbc) sbgb. ++ ] j t u k Ohr,
gokb
\ t b e e dmrbkhorbj `/t, e bkb `otbedbh - mt.

Kbcoebt dmjtuk Vràtmrotue 7

Vb`b kbtb kmrgb cmebh7 Vb`b kbtb kmrgb kubt7
Kbtb  Gokb hurua tmrbkhor pb`b \ t b e e Kbtb Gokb hurua tmrbkhor pb`b \ t b e e
Nbjto ---- ` , t -----s, δ ------------------------Nbjto --`, t---s, slh-----Hurua cbojjyb----
Irbjn  e , j --- slh, z--- hurua cboj ---------Irbjn ------- z, δ ----------------------
Olh --------mtm ----- tm -------- tm------------- Olh - --- - --- - (Pbjpb bkhorbj)
@u mtmst tmst tmst @u mst mst st
Mr mtm tm tm Mr (Pbjpb
bkhorbj)
\om --------mtm ----- tm -------- tm ------------- \om - --- - --- - (Pbjpb bkhorbj)
Ms mtm tm tm Ms (Pbjpb bkhorbj)
Ohr mtm tmt tmt Ohr mt t t
^or mtmj tmj tmj ^ o r mj/j mj/j
mj/j
\om mtmj tmj tmj \om mj/j mj/j
mj/j
\om mtmj tmj tmj \om mj/j mj/j
mj/j
T u e p u j d b h b s b Gmrebjok 
@bro ^okopm`ob dbhbsb Oj`ijmsob, mjsokcipm`ob dmdbs

Gmrebjok
]tbebjyb `o Mripb utbrb, dbrbt, ` b j

@ost rod
nminrbas7
tmjnbh,
Dmcbj`bDmjub Bemrokb (Bjnci
Kbrodob, & \urojbem),
uso -Bemrokb,
Barokb dbnobj smcbtbj, ` b j Ismbjob

Oj`i-Mripb 
T u e p u j dbhbsb7
 Gmre bj
ok
Dbhbsb p r i t i 7 Vriti-Gmrebjok


Gmrebjok ]tbrb
Vmedbnobj7 
Gmrebjok Dbrbt

Gmrebjok Poeur (pujbh)

O\I 1<?-=7 nme

Cojnubsphmrm =4- (phycizijm)

7
Nciicin7 nmre248 > [2U

Jmnbrb-jmnbrb `mjnbj ebyirotbs pmj`u`ukjyb

emjnnujbkbj dbhbsb Gmrebjok smdbnbo dbhbsb
odu

  Jmnbrb-jmnbrb ybjn emjmtbpkbj dbhbsb Gmrebjok

smdbnbo sbcbh sbtu dbhbsb rmseo, tbpo dukbj ybjn
utbeb

Pi po k O j ` i - M r i p b
Dbhbsb Oj`i-Mripb

Bcdbjob • Bjbticob • Bremjob

Dbctik • Kmctik • @bsobZ • Gmrebjok
_ujbjo • Oj`i-Orbj • Otbcok • AronobZ
\cbvob • PrbsobZ • Pikhbrob
 

Z dmcue `okbtmnirokbj

Dbjnsb Oj`i-Mripb
Bcdbjob • Bjbticob •
Bremjob Dbctik • Kmctik •
Gmrebjok
_ujbjo • Oj`i-Bryb •
Oj`i-Orbj Orbjok • Otbcok •
\cbvob
Prbsob • Pikhbrob
 

Dbjnsb Vriti-Oj`i-Mripb

Dbhbsb • Ebsybrbkbt • Bnbeb

 

Hopitmsos ]rhmoebt

Hopitmsos Kurnbj •
Bjbticob Bremjob • Oj`ob •
PKV
 

\tu`o Oj`i-Mripb

T u e p u j dbhbsb Gmrebjok  b`bcbh kmciepik dbhbsb ybjn emjgb`o s u d r u e p u j dbhbsb Oj`i-

Mripb. Kmciepik ojo pmjymdbrbjjyb sbjnbt cubs `o smcuruh `ujob, tmrutbeb smtmcbh mrb
 pmjgmcbgbhbj dbjnsb-dbjnsb Mripb pb`b bdb` km-2= ` b j km-21, `ocbjgutkbj `mjnbj picotok
oepmrobcosem pb`b bdb` km-2?. J b e u j `meokbj, smdmcue mrb otu p u j dbhbsb-dbhbsb Gmrebjok
tmcbh emjymdbr cubs `o kbwbsbj Mripb Pmjnbh, ]tbrb, ` b j Dbrbt.

Dmrdbnbo dbhbsb Gmrebjok e i ` m r j `opmrkorbkbj e u j l u c `bro sbtu dbhbsb purdb dmrsbeb ( dbhbsb
Vpriti-Gmrebjok ). Dbhbsb purdb ojo `opmrkorbkbj `opmrtuturkbj `o `bmrbh \kbj`ojbvob smcbtbj, `o
smkotbr @mjebrk btbu dbnobj smcbtbj Jirwmnob.

Dbhbsb Ojnnros b`bcbh dbhbsb utbeb `ujob ybjn emrupbkbj bjnnitb kmciepik ojo. Hbepor
smcuruh pmjguru `ujob emjnmjbc dbhbsb ojo kbrmjb pmrbjjyb ybjn utbeb smdbnbo dbhbsb
kieujokbso bjtbrdbjnsb. \mcboj `o Drotbjob Tbyb, dbhbsb Ojnnros ( ` b j dmrdbnbo `obcmk smrtb
 dbhbsb krmic turujbjjyb) `otuturkbj smdbnbo dbhbsb odu `o Kbjb`b, Bemrokb \mrokbt, Nuybjb
Ojnnros, Gbebokb `bj dmdmrbpb tmepbt `o Kbrodob, Barokb \mcbtbj, Bustrbcob, \mcbj`ob Dbru, smrtb
 dmdmrbpb jmnbrb `o Ismbjob. \meub dbhbsb jbsoijbc `o \kbj`ojbvob, kmlubco dbhbsb Aojcbj`ob,
b`bcbh dbhbsb Gmrebjok. Dbhbsb Gmrebj `bj dbhbsb Dmcbj`b gunb emrupbkbj dbhbsb Gmrebjok.
Dmdmrbpb dbhbsb cbojjyb ybjn to`bk emjgb`o dbhbsb jbsoijbc b`bcbh dbhbsb Arosob, dbhbsb
Barokbbjs (`otuturkbj `o Barokb \mcbtbj), smrtb dbhbsb _o``osh (`otuturkbj `o kbcbjnbj
ebsybrbkbt _bhu`o Mripb Poeur).

@batbr oso


2 Vmedbnobj dbhbsb-dbhbsb Gmrebjok

4 Pbdmc pmrdbj`ojnbj

< \tbtus sbbt oo
j 

0 Tmamrmjso 

Vmedbnobj db h bs b -d b hb s b Gmrebjok 


Kmciepik dbhbsb Gmrebjok ]tbrb
i Dbrbt
 Dbhbsb Abrim
 Dbhbsb Oscbj`ob
i Poeur
 Dbhbsb Jirwmnob



Dbhbssb \@wm
j e kbr
mGmrebjok
` ob
 Kmciepik dbhbsb Dbrbt
i Dbhbsb-dbhbsb Gmrebj
 Dbhbsb Gmrebj Hocor (dbhbsb
Gmrebj7 Jom`mr`mutslh, dbhbsb
Dmcbj`b7
Jm`mr`uots).
Dbhbsb Dmcbj`b


Dbhbsb Barokbbjs


Dbhbsb \bksmj Hocor (Vcb`mutslh)



 Dbhbsb Gmrebj Hucu (dbhbsb Gmrebj7

Hilh`mutslh , dbhbsb Dmcbj`b7 Hiin`uots ).
 Dbhbsb Gmrebj (dmrdbnbo `obcmk, tmrebsuk
dbhbsb Gmrebj dbku btbu
Hilh`mutslh ; `obcmk Bcmebjob kb`bjn-kb`bjn `objnnbp dbhbsb
tmrsmj`oro)
 Dbhbsb _o``osh
i Dbhbsb-dbhbsb Bjnci-
Arosob

 Dbhbsb Ojnnros
Dbhbsb \ ki t (dukbj dbhbsb
Nbmcok \kitcbj`ob ebupuj
dbhbsb Ojnnros
\kitcbj`ob)
Dbhbsb Arosob


 Kmciepik dbhbsb Gmrebjok Poeur (su`bh

pujbh) i Dbhbsb Nitik (pujbh pb`b tbhuj
2866-bj) i Dbhbsb Nitik Kroe
i Dbhbsb Durnuj`ob
i Dbhbsb Qbj`bc 
Pbdmc p m r d b j ` o j n b j

@bcbe tbdmc ojo pmrdm`bbj bjtbrb dbhbsb-dbhbsb Gmrebjok `ogbgbrkbj sbtu sbe b cboj.

Dmdmrbpb kbtb-kbtb `o dbwbh ojo su`bh dmrnmsmr brtojyb smlbrb smebjtos. Eosbckbj kbtb 'stmrdmj'
("emjojnnbc") `bcbe dbhbsb Gmrebj `bj ' t i stbrvm' `bcbe dbhbsb Ojnnros ("cbpbr sbepbo e b u
ebto") ybjn smlbrb smebjtos su`bh dmrdm`b.

Dbhbs Dbhbsb Dbhbsb Dbhbs Dbhbsb Dbhbsb

Dbhbsb Dbhbsb Dbhbs Dbhbs Dbhbsb
b Barokbbj b Dm Oscbj`o \kitcbj`o
Oj`ijmso Abmri b Gmr b Dbhbsb
@mjebr Ojnnros s k cbj` b b \wm`ob _o``osh
b mr ebj Nitik
b
Bpmc Bppcm Bppmc Ádcm \÷rmpco Bppmc Bpamc Bpcus Mpco Bopcm Àppcm Mpc
Vbpbj Dibr` Dir` Drát Dirö Dir` Drmtt db÷r` dirö Duor` Drà`m
Duku Diik Dimk Din Dük Dimk Dulh Dükb Dük Dmuk Dik Dukh
@b`b Drmbst Dirs Dryst Drüst Dirst Drust Drusts drgüst Drmmst Drñst Drust
Likcbt Driwj Druoj Druj Dr÷jt Druoj Drbuj Drujs Dr÷jj Driuj Druj
Hbro @by @bn @bn @bnur @bn Pbn @bns @bn @by @bn Pin
\
Ebti @om \tmra @ø @iynngb \tmrdmj @owbj `mygb @mm @ñ
tmrv
m j

Mjiun Jüneoko Nmjim Nb-

Lukup Nmjimn J i k Nmjun Jün Mjmulh Jin
Nmjun
h ö n jühs
Dmro Novm Nmm Novm Nmvb Nmvmj Nmdmj Nodbj Nmab Nom Novb Nmdmj

Kblb/Nmcb
Ncbs Ncb Ncb Ncb Ncb Ncbs Ncb Ncm Ncb Nci
s s s s s s ss s z
s Ni u` Nuc Nu Ni u` Ni c Nuc Nuc Ni w` Nuc
Mebs Nic` ` cc ` ú c `
Hbj `
Hbj ` Hí j ` Hi j ` Hbj ` Hbj ` Hñj ` Hbuj ` Hbj ` Hbj
Pbj nbj Hbj ` u s t
Hbupt/ K
Kmpbc Hmb` Hi vm Høvu Hi i a Hâudoú Hm Huvu` Kip
i pa 
b Ki p ` r ` hñauö o`
Poj n Honh Hønu Hi i Hi l Hâuh Hmol h Hñn
no Hi i n r n h Hâr Hi ykh
Høg Hâoe
Hgm Hmo Phu Hmo Hmo Hbe Hme
ü ú
e e os e e m Hmye
Tuebh Hiem Hmoe
Kb Hi i k H÷ku Hbb Hbkmj Krükur Hmuk Hbk
ot Hbbk r k b
Tue b Hiusm Huos Hu H÷ Huo Hbu H÷s H÷s Hus
h s s s s Hi yz
E bj b Hi i sm
Dbj yb E bj y E mj onm E bj nm E mj Qo Eíj n
n s
k on mc b
E bj nt e okoö E i j y
Ducbj E i i j E bbj Eíj m E bb Ei j ` E ï j b Puj n E uo Eíj Cmvi j
E bcb E âj o Jbn Jbt j c j m m
e Jonht Jâtt J bl ht J bl ht J bht Jütt J ol h Jbtt Jbkht
Po` Ji Jm Jmg Jmo Jmm Jmoj/Jñ Jï Jmotb Jbm J J myj
bk m s t mg
Nbe e
Pu I c` I u` Nbeemc I u` \ojmons Nbebcc Buc` Bc
b Bct c b t
\ btu I jm Nbebc Mj Mmj Âojs Mott Bjm Mj My
Moj s j
Ij Mmj Ijs ]jzm ×j sb ]
s Moj js
Iuj lm I j s \jgünvur \jmmu ] j lm
\ \ j i w \ j mmu , Kbvo w \ \jâows \jgür \ j bw \j ñ \
bcg \j m l hj m l hj my
Dbtu
u \tijm \tmmj \tmj \tmojur \tmmj \tmoj
m \tâojs \tmojj \tbjm \tmj

Otu Phbt @bt @mt Pbö @bt @bs Úbtb Úmttb Phbt @mt @is

@ub Pwi Pwmm Pi Pvmy Pwmm Wwmo Pwâo Pvmor Pwb Pví Psv
\obpb ^hi ^om Hvme Hvør ^om ^mr Hbs Hvmr ^hb Qme my

Lblojn ^ i r e ^ure Ire Ireur ^ i r e ^ure Ebúb i re ur ^ore Ebsk Qmr

^ ir
me
\ t b t u s s b b t ojo
Tuepuj dbhbsb Gmrebjok dmr`bsbrkbj guecbh pmjutur bsco (gutb)

Dbhbsb Vmjutur b sco Tm.

[4
Ojnnro <16- U
s 066
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Gmrebj (@mutslh) ? U
=
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Dmcbj`b (Jm`mrcbj`s) 4 U
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\wm`ob (\vmjskb) ?.4 U

[1
Brokbbjs >. U
 ( Barokbbj s) 4
\bksmj Hocor (Vcb/  1.= ,[>U[8U
Jm``mrsbsslh/Cmmnsbksoms)
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@mjebrk (@bjsk)  =. U
=
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Jirwmnob = U
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_o``osh (   ‫ ל‬  ) 4. U
=
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\ k i t  ( \ l i t s ) 2. U

= [2<
Coedurn (Cèedurns) U
2.
Arosob (Arysk/  Jiir`armmsk/  <
6. [20
U
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Oscbj 6. U
 (Åscmj skb) <
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Cuksmedurn (Cëtzmdumrnmslh) 6. U
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Dbhbsb Ojnnros b`bcbh sbcbh sbtu dbhbsb rmseo `o Dmcozm, KLbjb`b, Kmpucbubj Abckcbj`, Ebctb,
\mcbj`ob Dbru, Orcbj`ob, Barokb \mcbtbj, Aocopojb, Vumrti Toki, Nube, ` b j dmkbs kicijo-kicijo
Drotbjob `o Bsob, Barokb, ` b j Ismbjob. Dbhbsb Ojnnros gunb emjgb`o dbhbsb `m ablti `o Drotbjob
Tbyb, Bemrokb \mrokbt, ` b j Bustrbcob.

Dbhbsb Gmrebj emjgb`o sbcbh sbtu dbhbsb rmseo `o Bustrob, Dmcnob, Gmrebj, Comlhtmjstmoj,
Cuksmedurn, ` b j \wos, smrtb emeocoko stbtus rmnoijbc `o Otbcob, Vicbj`ob, Jbeodob, ` b j @mjebrk.
Emskopuj Gmrebj pmrjbh emeocoko dmdmrbpb kicijo, kicijo-kicijo tmrsmdut cmpbs smtmcbh Vmrbjn
@ujob O `bj dbhbsb Gmrebj to`bk cbno emjgb`o dbhbsb rmseo `o `bmrbh-`bmrbh kicijo tmrsmdut.
Hbjyb `o Jbeodob, dbhbsb Gmrebj ebsoh `opmrcukbj ybjn `onujbkbj icmh ir b j n- i r bj n
 dmrpmj`u`ukbj ` b j `bcbe pmr`bnbjnbj. Dbhbsb Gmrebj ebsoh `onujbkbj smdbnbo dbhbsb
eojirotbs icmh ebsybrbkbt oeonrbj `o Bemrokb ]t br b ` bj \mcbtbj smrtb Bustrbcob. \bcbh sbtu
`obcmk dbhbsb Gmrebj, Gmrebj Vmjjsycvbjob, ebsoh `onujbkbj icmh pmj`u`uk Bjbdbptost `o
Vmjjsycvbjob, Bemrokb \mrokbt.

Dbhbsb Dmcbj`b b`bcbh dbhbsb rmseo `o Brudb, Dmcnob, Lurbîbi, Dmcbj`b, \ojt Ebbrtmj, ` b j
\urojbem. [ 0U Emskopuj Dmcbj`b pmrjbh emjgbgbh Oj`ijmsob, dbhbsb Dmcbj`b to`bk `onujbkbj
smdbnbo dbhbsb rmseo smtmcbh Oj`ijmsob emr`mkb.

Tmamrmjso

2. Z Jir`hi, \mdbstibj; Hbeebrstrñe, Hbrbc`; Airkmc, Tidmrt; Hbspmcebth, Ebrtij,

m`. (462<). "Nmrebjol". Nciicin. Cmopzon7 Ebx Vcbjlk Ojstitutm air Mvicutiijbry
4. Bjthripiciny.
Z "Qàrc`mjs 266 stñrstb sprík 4626" [266 dbhbsb tmrdmsbr `ujob tbhuj 4626U
.
<. Z Jbtiijbcmjlykcipm`oj (`bcbe dbhbsb dbhbsb \wm`ob). 4626. @obksms tbjnnbc 24-64-
Emrkmcs' pQbbytrsbn" b`(r,b Gcmebmv bdjbh (2bs8b-6 d1b-4h6b2b
s < )O.j"nNnrmorse.P
) jbh ms' Phmicumcn
4620.
`r bdpmh b. wirkojn cbjnubnm ia M]', sbys
 0. Z b d "Amotmj mj logamrs7 ^ b t om`mrmmj ziu eimtmj wmtmj ivmr hmt Jm`mrcbj`s".
Pbbcujomvmrsue.irn (`bcbe dbhbsb dbhbsb Dmcbj`b). Jm`mrcbj`sm Pbbcujom. 4626. @obksms
tbjnnbc 6>-60-4622.
= Z "Qàrc`mjs 266 stñrstb sprík 466>" [266 dbhbsb tmrdmsbr `ujob tbhuj 466>U.
. Jbtiijbcmjlykcipm`oj (`bcbe dbhbsb dbhbsb \wm`ob). 466>.
1. Z "Lmjsus 4622 “ Hiem cbjnubnm" (V@A). \tbtistils \ iuth Barolb. @obksms
tbjnnbc 4 Amdrubry 4626.
> Z "Nmlhbttmt wor` bua Vcbtt`muslh". Jiz.`m  (`bcbe dbhbsb dbhbsb Gmrebj). @obksms
tbjnnbc 20-6<-4620.
.
8. Z "Jm`mrsbksoslh". Pbbc.phocmij.jc.  @obksms tbjnnbc 20-6<-4620.
?. Z Mthjicinum7 @bjosh
26 Z Mthjicinum7 Jirwmnobj
. Z _o``osh7 B Cojnuostil Ojtri`ultiij dy Jmoc N. Gblids
22 Z Mthjicinum7 \ l i t s
. Z Mthjicinum7 Coedurnosh
24 Z Mthjicinum7 Arosobj
. Z ?>% ia b pipucbtiij ia <4=,666 + 2=,666 jbtivm Olmcbj`ol spmbkmrs iutso`m
2< Olmcbj`
. Z Vmj`u`uk Cuksmedurn
20 Z Mthjicinum7 Abrimsm
. Z \pmltrue Prbjscbtiij7 Nmrebjol cbjnubnms
2=  CLLJ 7 sh8=6=00<8
.
 NJ@ 7 022<>21-0
Vmj21nbw bsb
\]@IL 7 64>0<641X
j.


2>  DJA 7 ld22?

itirotbs 0><<8w (`btb)
.
28  DJM 7 XX0=>1><2
.
Kbtmniro7


Dbhbsb Gmrebjok

Dbhbsb Oj`i-Mripb