Advanced Power Electronics And Drives Lab

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Shivam Sir Reena Saini

Assistant Professor 11710255
NIT Kurukshetra EE-2
 EXPERIMENT - 7 
AIM : 

Identifying & measuring the parameters of a solar PV modules in the field.

APPARATUS :

   Solar cell characteristics apparatus     Illumination source        Voltmeter & Milliammeter             

THEORY :
• A solar cell is a p-n junction diode that
converts light energy into electrical
energy through the photovoltaic effect.

• When sunlight shines on the cell,

photons  bombard the upper surface. The
photons carry their energy down through
the cell.

• The photons give up their energy to

electrons  in the lower, p-type layer. The
electrons use this energy to jump across
the barrier into the upper, n-type layer
and escape out into the circuit.

• Flowing around the circuit, the electrons

make the lamp light up.
• The IV curve of a solar cell is the superposition of
the IV curve of the solar cell diode in the dark
with the light-generated current.
• The short-circuit current, Isc, is the current
through the solar cell when the voltage across the
solar cell is zero 
• The open-circuit voltage, VOC, is the maximum
voltage available from a solar cell, and this occurs
at zero current.
• The FF is defined as the ratio of the maximum
power from the solar cell to the product of
Voc &  Isc .
• Graphically, the FF is a measure of the
"squareness" of the solar cell & is also the area of
the largest rectangle which will fit in the IV curve. 
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND CONNECTIONS:
FORMULAS USED :
OBSERVATIONS:
Least count of voltmeter = 0.2 V
Least count of milliammeter = 2 mA
Voc = 5.6 V
Isc = 18 mA
S.NO. Resistance from R.B Voltmeter reading Ammeter P=VI
(V) Reading(mA)
1 10 0.2 18 3.6
2 30 0.6 18 10.8
3 50 0.8 18 14.4
4 100 1.6 18 28.8
5 150 2.2 18 39.6
6 200 2.8 16 44.8
7 300 4 14 56
8 400 4.6 12 57.6
9 500 5 10 50
10 1000 5.4 6 32.4
11 2000 5.6 2 11.2
RESULT:

From graph we find: 

• Ideal power  = Voc  x Isc

                            = 100.8 mW
• Maximum useful power =Vm x Im 
                                                = 57.6 mW
• Fill factor = 0.5714