Energy

 The ability of a system to do work. No energy means no work can be done.

Two Major Types of Energy:

• Kinetic Energy

• Potential Energy
 States of Energy

All forms of energy can be in either of two

states:

KINETIC
KINETIC POTENTIAL
POTENTIAL
ENERGY
ENERGY ENERGY
ENERGY
 What’s the difference?

 Kinetic Energy is the  Potential Energy is

energy of MOTION STORED energy
that a body
 Example: A moving possesses
car has Kinetic
energy.  Example: A non
moving car has
Potential energy.
 GPE
Formula for GPE:
GPE = m x g x h

m g h  Formula for Height ( h ):

h=

 Formula for mass ( m ):

m=
 Kinetic Energy – what does it
depend on?
 The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy
it
has.
 The greater the massof a moving object, the
more kinetic energy it has.
 Kinetic energy depends on both mass and velocity.
 The kinetic energy a body increases when the object
moves faster.
 KE means Kinetic energy
 m means mass
 v means velocity
 Forms of Kinetic Enegy
 Vibrational kinetic energy

-energy due to vibrational motion.

 Rotational kinetic energy
- energy due to rotational motion.
 Translational kinetic energy

- energy due to motion from one location to another.

 What is the unit for Kinetic
Energy?
  Unit: Joule
 Named after: James Prescott Joule
 He discovered the relationship between heat (energy)
and mechanical work which led to the law of
conservation of energy.
 How do we derive this unit?
 1 Joule = 1kg m2/s2
 KE = ½ m(kg) v(m/s) 2
 Unit of Velocity(v)=
 Calculating Kinetic Energy
 
Formula of: KE= m. or 0.5 x m x
 Formula of: m =
 Formula of: v =

What has a greater affect of kinetic energy, mass or

velocity? Why?
 Sample Problem: Kinetic Energy

1.   A 650 kg roller coaster car moves at 19 Determine its
kinetic energy.
 Given: m= 650 kg K.E=?
v= 19
 Formula: KE= 0.5 x m x

 Solution: KE = 0.5 x 650 kg x (19 )2

KE= 325 kg x 361

 Answer: KE= 117, 325 J
 Sample Problem: Kinetic Energy
  
2. In a circus, the 50 kg platform diver had a KE of
10, 000 J just before hitting the water. Compute her speed just
before she splashed into the water.
 Given: m= 50 kg Formula: v=

KE= 10, 000 J Solution: v= v= ? v=

 Answer: v= 20 v=
 Practice Exercise: Try on your note
book
1. The ball leaves your hand with a speed of 30 m/s and
the ball has 945 J of KE. What is the mass of a
volleyball?
Given: m = ?  
Formula: m =
v = 30 m/s
KE = 945 J  
Solution: m =

 
m=

Answer: m = 2.1 kg