Leaning Tower of Pisa

Pisa, Italy
 SOLDIERS

CENTER OF GRAVITY

FIRST AID

Leaning Tower of Pisa

Pisa, Italy
 First Aid

TSg Ma Theresa Cecilia E Altamirano (Res) PA

ML-RO3-011711
 SCOPE OF PRESENTATION
 A. Definition
 B. Role of First Aid
 C. Objectives of First Aid
 D. Needs and Values of First Aid
 E. Guidelines for Giving Emergency Care
1. Getting started – AID
2. Emergency Action Principles
 F. Golden Rules of Emergency Care
1. What to do
2. What not to do
 SCOPE OF PRESENTATION

 G. Kinds of Wounds/Injuries
 H. Introduction to Basic Life Support
1. The ABC of Basic Life Support
2. Respiratory Arrest
3. Artificial Respiration (AR)
a. Objective of Artificial Respiration
b. Manual Procedure of AR
c. Effectiveness of AR
d. Application of AR
e. Assessment in AR
 SCOPE OF PRESENTATION
 4. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
a. Purpose of CPR
b. Complication of CPR
c. Don’ts in CPR
d. When to stop CPR
e. Assessment in CPR
 I. Emergency Rescue and Transfer
 Definition
 Methods of Rescue
 Methods of transfer
 First Aid

 It is the immediate treatment

administered to a victim of
injury or illness before the
services of a doctor or corpsman
can be obtained.
 Roles of First Aid

1. It is the bridge that fills the gap

between the victim and the
physician.
2. It is not intended to compete with,
or take the place of the service of
the physician.
3. It ends when the services of a
physician begins.
 Objectives of First Aid

1. To alleviate suffering

2. To prevent added/further injury or danger

3. To prolong life
 Need and Value of First Aid
 To minimize if not totally prevent accident
 To prevent added injury or danger
 To train people to do the right thing at the
right time
 Accident happens and sudden illnesses are
common and often serious
 People very often harm rather than help
 Proper and immediate care is necessary to
save life or limb
 Guidelines for Giving
Emergency Care

 GETTING STARTED
 Planning the action
 Gathering of needed materials
 Initial response as follows:
A – ASK FOR HELP
I – INTERVENE
D – DO NO FURTHER HARM
Emergency Action Principles

 Survey the scene

 Do a primary survey of the victim
 ABC Steps:
A – Airway
B - Breathing
C – Circulation
 Wounds

 Any break in the continuity of the

skin/tissue of the body
 Classification of Wounds:

 Open Wound
– there is a break in the skin or
mucus membrane

 Close Wound
– involves underlying tissues without
a break in the skin or mucus
membrane
 Types of Wounds:
 Abrasion – results
from scraping
(abrading) the skin.
Bleeding is minimal
and limited to
ruptured small
veins and
capillaries.
 Types of Wounds:

 Incised Wound

- cuts, commonly
caused by sharp
objects the degree
of bleeding depends
on the deep and
extent of a cut.
 Types of Wounds

 Lacerated

Wound

– jagged,
irregular or
blunt breaks
in the skin.
 Types of Wounds

 Fracture Wounds
– irregular caused
by pointed objects
such as pin,
icepick, nails, and
splinters
 Types of Wounds
 Invulsions – involve
forcible separation or
tearing of tissue
from the victim’s
body. Commonly
caused by animal’s
bites and accidents
involving motor
vehicles and heavy
machinery.
 Complication of Wounds

 Bleeding
– continuation of blood flowing from
the wounds

 Infections
– the healing process is delayed by
infection
 “Anyone who has had
even a basic knowledge
on first aid can save
lives”.