‫بِ ۡس ِم ٱهَّلل ِ ٱل َّر ۡح ٰ َم ِن ٱل َّر ِحيم‬

‫ِ‬
Presented By: Magda Hussein
 RULES OF THE MEEM SAAKINAH
Definition of the meem saakinah :

It is a meem without any vowel of dammah, fat-hah or

kasrah , or it has a sukoon sign
It occurs in nouns, verbs and prepositions,
‫الحمد أنعمت لم‬
It occurs in the middle and at the end of the word
‫أنعمت يعتصم‬
It is an original letter( from the word structure) ‫أنع مت لم‬
Also it can be an extra meem (plural meem)
‫لهم‬ ‫عليهم أنفسكم‬
It remains unchanged in its written form and as well as
in pronunciation either in joining or in stopping.
•

•
• . It remains unchanged in its written form and in pronunciation and in continuing and in stopping. It can be original meem or an extra meem.
 Meem sakinah has three possible rules,
according to the following letter of meem

1) Ikhfaa shafawi / Oral hiding (‫ ب‬+ ‫)م‬

2) Idgham shafawi/ Idgham mutamathilyne saghir

(‫ م‬+ ‫)م‬
3)
3) Idhhaar shafawi/ Oral clarity ( + 26 letters )
(the rest of the Arabic letters other than ‫م‬/‫)ب‬

Note; All the meem sakinah rules are called shafawi because the
meem exits from the 2 lips.
 ( 1 ) Ikhfaa shafawi / Oral hiding

• Linguistic definition
• Hiding ,concealment
Applied definition:
If a meem saakinah is followed by letter baa ‫ب‬,
then we hide the meem ‫ م‬sakinah at the letter
baa ‫ب‬with a complete ghunnah 2 counts.
This occurs just between two word.
َ ُ‫ء﴿ ﴿َأنف‬ٞ ‫ين﴾ ﴾ ٰ َذلِ ُكم بَٓاَل‬
﴿‫س ُكم بٱتِّ َخا ِذ ُك ُم‬ َ ِ‫﴾ َو َما ُهم بِ ُم ۡؤ ِمن‬
 Cont. Ikhfaa shafawi
• Its sign: ‫ م‬is free from any harakah and the
second letter ‫ ب‬has no shaddah.
• Its letter: It has one letter ‫ب‬
Conditions of Ikhfaa shafawi :
• Empty ‫ م‬followed by letter ‫ب‬
• It occurs between two words.
• Second letter has no shaddah.
• Exmples:
 The reason of its name
• It is called ikhfaa because of hiding meem
saakinah at letter ‫ب‬

• It is called shafawi as both of ‫ م‬meem

saakinah and letter ‫ ب‬sharing the same
makhraj (2 lips)
 Cause of ikhfaa shafawi
 Because
 mem and baa are articulated from the same makhraj
(2lips).

 Also the approach in some their attributes/ qualities.

 Achieving oral hiding
We pronounce with a hidden meem by
touching the 2 lips gently and holding the
meem with complete ghunnah 2 counts .
And then separating with letter ‫ب‬

EX: ‫يَ ْو َم ُهم بَا ِر ُزون‬

 Comparison between Iqlap and Ikhfaa shafawi

Iqlab Ikhfaa Shafawi

 Meem isn’t original but it is  Meem is from the word

converted from noon sakinah. structuer so it is original.
‫يَ ْعلَم ِبَأن‬

 Its sign: a small meem above  Its sign: a free meem from any
the noon sakinah. sign
‫م‬
 Comparison between Iqlap and Ikhfaa shafawi
– Cont.

Iqlab Ikhfaa Shafawi

 Meem is pronounced but it is  Meem is pronounced and it is

not written written

 It occurs in one word and  It occurs only in two words.

between two words
‫تَرْ ِمي ِه ْم بِ ِح َجا َر ٍة‬
Note: Iqlab and Ikhfaa shafawi agree in the way out (the
pronounciation and the time of ghunnah 2 counts)
The difference between Iqlab and
Ikhfaa shafawi
 Comparison between Ikhfaa haqiqi
and Ikhfaa shafawi
Ikhfaa haqiqi
 It is with noon sakinah and
tanween.
 It has 15 letters.
 exit of noon sakinah and
tanween has goen but its
ghunnah remains.
 It occurs in one word and two
words.
Ikhfaa shafawi
 It is with meem sakinah.
 It has one letter ‫ب‬
 Some of the exit of sakin meem
is present with its ghunnah.
 It occurs only beteewn two
words.
ٌ‫اسط‬
ِ َ‫َو َك ْلبُ ُهم ب‬
‫‪Examples‬‬
‫ثُ َّم ِإنَّ ُك ْم بَ ْع َد َذلِ َك لَ َميتُون‬
‫ِإ َّن َربَّ ُهم بِ ِه ْم يَ ْو َمِئذ لَّ َخبِ ٌ‬
‫ير‬
‫اسطٌ ِذ َرا َع ْي ِه بِا ْل َو ِ‬
‫صيد‬ ‫َو َك ْلبُ ُهم بَ ِ‬
 ‫‪Examples‬‬
‫َأنفُ َ‬
‫س ُكم بٱتِّ َخا ِذ ُكم‬
‫‪ٞ‬‬
‫ذلِ ُكم َبٓاَل ‪ٞ‬ء‬
‫يَ ْو َم ُهم بَا ِر ُزون‬
‫اسطٌ‬
‫َو َك ْلبُ ُهم بَ ِ‬
‫تَ ْر ِمي ِه ْم بِ ِح َجا َر ٍة‬
‫يَ ْعلَم ِبَأن‬
‫َو َما ُهم ِب ُم ۡؤ ِمنِ َ‬
‫ين‬
Thank You For Attending and listening