 Integration as the inverse of differentiation

 Definite and indefinite integrals

 Area under the curve

 n 1
x

n
Add 1 to power and divide by new power x dx  c
n 1
Examples

8
x
1
 x dx  8  c
7

4
8x
 8 x dx  4  c  2 x  c
3 4
2
 Differentiation and Integration are inverses
 Multiply by power and reduce power by 1
dy n 1
n  (n) x
yx dx
 Add 1 to power and divide by new power
n 1
x

n
x dx  c
n 1
This is called an INDEFINITE INTEGRAL,
since you don’t know the constant (c)
Given f’(x) = 8x3 - 6x and f(2)=9 … find f(x)
Given the
differential Need the function

f ( x)   f ' ( x ) dx
“Integration is the inverse of differentiation”
n 1
x
 dx  n  1  c
n
x
f ( x )   (8 x  6 x ) dx
3

4 2
8x 6x 4 2
f ( x)    c  2 x  3x  c
4 2
Given f’(x) = 8x3 - 6x and f(2)=9 … find f(x)
4 2
f ( x)  2 x  3x  c
4 2
f ( 2 )  2  2  3  2  c  32  12  c
f ( 2 )  20  c told: f ( 2 )  9
You were

So, 20 + c = 9
c = -11
4 2
f ( x )  2 x  3 x  11
Therefore:
The curve y=f(x) goes through (2,2) and (4,6)
given the gradient function is f’(x) = 6x + a

Find f(x)
f ( x)   f ' ( x ) dx n 1
x
 x dx  n  1  c
n

f ( x )   ( 6 x  a ) dx
2
6x 2
f ( x)   ax  c  3 x  ax  c
2
The curve y=f(x) goes through (2,2) and (4,6)
given the gradient function is f’(x) = 6x + a
f ( x )  3 x 2  ax  c
“Goes through (2, 2)” means when x = 2, y =
f ( 2 )  3  2 22  a  2  c  2
12  2 a  c  2 Need to
“Goes through (4, 6)” means when x = 4, y = solve
the
26
f (4)  3  4  a  4  c  6 simultaneous
equations
48  4 a  c  6
 The curve y=f(x) goes through (2,2) and (4,6)
given the gradient function is f’(x) = 6x + a
Find f(x) f ( x )  3 x 2  ax  c
48  4 a  c  6 subtract
12  2 a  c  2
36  2 a  4 2 a   32 a   16
12  2 (  16 )  c  2
 20  c  2 c  22
2
Therefore f ( x )  3 x  16 x  22
Example 3:
Exercise 9B pg 245
Q1b, d, f Q2,

Q4, Q5, Q10

Ans:
Hence:
Ans:
Hence:
Q1, Q2, Q3, Q5, Q7