Properties of Triangles

Objectives:
G Grade Identify isosceles, equilateral and right-angled
triangles.

Use the word ‘congruent’ when triangles are

identical.

E Grade Show that the angles of a triangle add up to 180o

and use this to find angles.

Show that the exterior angle of a triangle is equal

to the sum of the interior opposite angles.

Use angle properties of isosceles, equilateral

and right-angled triangles.
 Properties of Triangles

What do these symbols mean?

right angle parallel to each other,

parallel to
but not parallel with
each other
the sides with only
one arrow

same length same length as each

as each other other, but not the same
length as the sides with
only one dash
 Properties of Triangles

What are the names and properties of these triangles ?

Isosceles: Equilateral: Right-angled:

2 sides the same length All sides the same length Sides can be any length
2 angles the same All angles the same (60o) One angle 90o

Scalene:

All the sides are different lengths

All the angles are different
 Properties of Triangles

Congruent: means all angles and lengths are the same.

It can be a rotation
e
a j
g

f
d
i
b
h

Which shapes are congruent?

 Properties of Triangles

Proof that the internal angles in a triangle add up to 180o

a

Add a line parallel to one of the sides

Alternate angles are equal The internal angles

are now on a
a
straight line and
therefore must
add up to 180o
b
Corresponding angles are equal
 Properties of Triangles

Now do these:
41o b 34o
80 o
62o

30o a 54o c
a = 180 – (80+30) b = 180 – (54+41) c = 180 – (62+34)
= 70 = 85 = 84
79o
141o
x y z 57o
q
58o p

x = 180 – 141 = 39 p = 180 – (90+57) = 33

y = 180 – (58+39) r q = 57 (vertically opposite
angles are equal)
= 83
r = 180 – (79+57) = 44
z = 180 – 83 = 97
 Properties of Triangles

68o e
a

c 46o 17o

b 39o d

a = 180 – 90 = 90
b = 180 – (90+39) = 51 d = 180 – (90+46) = 44
c = 180 – (90+68) = 22 Think big triangle
e = 180 – (90+44+17) = 29