Patterns of

Development
Learning Objectives:
1. Distinguish the different patterns
of development in writing across
disciplines;
2. critique and write samples of
comparison and contrast, cause
and effect, problem and solution
text patterns.
These patterns are considered
as techniques and principles
that you can use to guide you
based on your intentions.
It gives the writer a different
method in presenting a given
scenario or topic that must
clearly conveyed to the
readers.
COMPARISON AND CONTRAST

It occurs between two entities by presenting

their similarities and differences based on
their characteristics or features.
The general aim is to answer the questions:
“What makes these things different?” “What
do they have in common?”
CAUSE AND EFFECT
It explains reasons why things
happen or explains the results
of certain phenomena.
Cause and effect can be written
in two ways. A paragraph may
either emphasize the cause or
the effect.
Paragraph emphasizing cause.
As the name implies, this emphasizes
the cause and goes into detail about it while
the effect is subtly expressed in the sentence.
Example:
“Because she had hurled the urn down
the mountain, it is impossible to recover it
now. She had thrown it with all her strength,
not even watching it sail into the air before it
disappeared.”
Paragraph emphasizing effect.
This emphasizes the effect and goes
into detail about it, with the cause subtly
hinted at the paragraph.
Example:
“One more delayed payment for the
house rent and it would soon be gone. They
would be left homeless. The children will
have to stop going to school, and she would
have nowhere to go.”
PROBLEM-SOLUTION
A problem-solution paragraph
in a text begins by identifying
the problem or situation, and
later on presents a solution to
the problem.
 Problem-Solution
Problem Solution
I. The financing II. The Philhealth
healthcare in the national health care
Philippines is insurance would
inadequate. provide medical care
to all citizens.
Writing Exercise:
Write a short story
incorporating the three of the
patterns of development. Indicate
on each paragraph what examples
of the pattern of development you
have used.