PRACTICAL

RESEARCH 2
MODULE 4- LESSON 2
SAMPLING PROCEDURE AND THE SAMPLE
OBJECTIVE

Know the different sampling procedure;

Describe the sample of the study; and
Select appropriate sampling procedures
POPULATION AND SAMPLE

POPULATION is the totality of all the objects, elements,

persons, and characteristics under consideration.
The representative subset of the population refers to the
SAMPLE.
SAMPLING PROCEDURES

the systematic process of selecting the group to be

analyzed in the research study. The goal is to get
information from a group that represents the target
population. Once a good sample is obtained, the
generalizability and applicability of findings increases.
SAMPLING PROCEDURES

HEURISTICS VS. LITERATURE REVIEWS VS.

rule of the thumb for FORMULAS
sample size. Read similar studies
Descriptive: 10-20% and analyze how
Comparative: 15 these studies used Establishing sample
groups/ subjects sampling size from scratch
Survey: 800 procedures. This -Slovin’s Formula
Correlation: 100-200 increases your
Ex post facto: 30+ study’s validity
Experimental: 30+
SLOVIN’S FORMULA
SLOVIN’S FORMULA

Example: calculate the number of respondents if the total population is 300 and the
margin of error is 5%.

n= 300____
1+300(.05)2

n= 300
1.75
n= 171.43~ 171
* The number of sample is 171.
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING

The chance of selection is the same for every member of

the population.

-Draw lots, random number generator

PROBABILITY SAMPLING
SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING

Follows procedure in doing random selection of the

samples. (every nth element)

nth=N/n.
*The sample is nth of every population.
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING

Example: Suppose you have a list of 450 people and you need a sample of 45.
How do you proceed with systematic random sampling.

Step 1: 450/45= 10. Every 10th of the population is the random

sample.
Step 2: Pick a number from 1 to 450 to start counting. Supposedly,
the group pick 23.
Step 3: Take all the selection as the sample. For instance, 23, 33, 43,
53, 63, 73, 83, 93, 103…
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING
Example: If you need 23 people from a list of 250 students, how will you
follow systematic random sampling?

Step 1: 250/23= 10.8~ 11. Every 11th of the population is the

random sample.
Step 2: Pick a number from 1 to 250 to start counting. Supposedly,
the group chose 5
Step 3: Take all the selection as the sample. For instance, 5, 16, 27,
38, 49, 60, 71, 82, 93, 104, 115, 126, 137, 148, 159, 170, 181, 192,
203, 214, 225, 236, 247
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

The population is divided first into subpopulation called

strata. Each stratum population is given importance, as in
other groupings.
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

Divide the number of population of the stratum with the

total number of population and multiply with the desired
sample size.
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

Example: If there are 450 senior high school students and you
need 45 students, how will the sample proceed if stratified
random sampling is followed?
Grade 11 200
Grade 12 250
Total 450
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

Solution: Divide each number of students per level by the total

population of 450 and then multiply by the desired sample size
of 45.
Grade 11 200/450 x 45= 20
Grade 12 250/450 x 45= 25
Total 45
PROBABILITY SAMPLING
CLUSTER SAMPLING

Large Scale survey method. It is used when the target

respondents in a research study is spread across a
geographical location. The population is divided into
clusters which are mutually exclusive.
EXERCISE:
1. Using Slovin’s formula, calculate the number of respondents if the total population is 500
and the margin of error is 2%.
2. If you need 20 respondents from 45 total population, list the sample using systematic
sampling if you would start listing from number 4.
3. Using stratified sampling, determine the sample if you need 50 people from the following:
Vegetable vendor 32
Fruit vendor 25
Fish vendor 20
Pork vendor 15
Total 92
ACTIVITY: IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN
Sample Situation Sampling Justification
Procedure
Alex’s target population for
his study are the employees
of hotels in Mindanao. Since
there are too many
employees in these
establishments, he randomly
selected ten hotels. And then
he considered all employees
as participants in his study.
ACTIVITY: IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN
Sample Situation Sampling Justification
Procedure
Dianne wants to know if the
new learning modalities in
the first semester affects the
academic performance of
senior high students. He took
all the lists of all students in
her school and
selected every 6th name to
be part of her study.
ACTIVITY: IDENTIFY AND EXPLAIN
Sample Situation Sampling Justification
Procedure
Faye wants to survey all the
parents in Cagayan de Oro
who opt to enroll their
elementary children to an
online class. All in all there
26,000 parents. Faye
decided to have 450 from the
target population.
THANK YOU AND
SEE YOU SOON!