English communication

Unit 2: The way we live

CONTENTS
Grammar: Present tenses have/have got Vocabulary: Describing countries Things in the house Reading: Living in the USA

PRESENT TENSES Present simple

Form:
I/You/We/They+V+O She/He/It+V(s/es)+O Ex: I get up early every morning. + I/You/We/They+do+not+V+O She/He/It+does+not+V+O Ex: She doesnt get up early every morning.
Do+I/You/We/They+V+O? Does+She/He/It+V+O? Ex: Do you get up early every morning? ?

PRESENT TENSES Present simple

Use:
Din t mt chn l, mt s tht hin nhin. Ex: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
Din t mt thi quen, mt hnh ng xy ra thng xuyn hin ti. Ex: Mary often goes to school by bicycle. Din t hnh ng, s vic tng lai s xy ra theo thi gian biu hoc chng trnh, k hoch nh theo thi gian biu. Ex: The train leaves at seven twenty-three.

PRESENT TENSES Present continuous

Form:
S + am/is/are + V-ing. Ex: Im writing a letter.
+

S + am/is/are + not + V-ing. Ex: She isnt listening to music now.

-

Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing? Ex: Are they watching TV?

?

PRESENT TENSES Present continuous

Use:
Din t mt hnh ng hay mt s vic ang din ra ngay lc ni. Cch dng ny thng i km vi cc trng t hoc trng ng ch thi gian: now, right now, at the moment, at present Ex: The children are playing football now. Din t mt hnh ng hoc s vic ni chung ang din ra nhng khng nht thit phi thc s din ra ngay lc ni. Cch ni ny thng i km: now, today, this week, these day Ex: What is your daughter doing these days? Din t mt hnh ng sp xy ra tng lai gn. Cch dng ny thng din t mt s sp xp hoc mt k hoch nh. Ex: I am going to the cinema with my father tonight.

PRESENT TENSES Present perfect

Form:
She/He/It+has+V(past participle) Ex: He has bought a new car. I/You/We/They+have+not+V(past participle) She/He/It+has+V(past participle) Ex: I havent had breakfast. Have+I/You/We/They+V(past participle)? Has+She/He/It+V(past participle)? Ex: Have you talked about me?
?

I/You/We/They+have+V(past participle)

PRESENT TENSES Present perfect

Use:
Din t mt hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh khng xc nh r thi im. Ex: Have you had breakfast? No, I havent. Din t mt hnh ng xy ra trong qu kh, cn ko di ti hin ti. Ex: My friend Nam has lived in HCMC since 1998. Din t mt hnh ng va mi xy ra. Ex: I have just finished my homework. Din t mt hnh ng cha tng lm tnh n thi im hin ti. Ex: This is the first time I have gone to HoChiMinh City. Dng trong mnh When--If: Ex: If you have finished the test , you can go home.

Have/have got
Have v have got u ging nhau, ch s s hu nhng c mt s im cn lu : Ch c dng have khi ni v cc hnh ng.
Ex: NOT I usually have I usually have got breakfast at 8 oclock. breakfast at 8 oclock.

Dng cu hi vi have c ngha l s hu th dng tr ng t, khng a have ra pha trc.

Ex: NOT Do you have a fast car? Have you a fast car?

Have v have got c dng cho th hin ti n. Ring have c th dng cho th qu kh n hoc tng lai.
Ex: She had a copy of that book.

Khng c cch vit tt cho have th khng nh, ch c cch vit tt cho have got.
Ex: NOT I have a red bicycle. OR Ive a red bicycle. Ive got a red bicycle.

HAVE
I/You/We/They+have+O Ex: They have a new car. He/She/It+has +O Ex: She has a new car. (?)+do+I/You/We/They+have? Ex: How many children do you have? (?)+does+She/He/It+have? Ex: How many children does he have?

HAVE GOT
I/You/We/They+have++got+O Ex: I have a new car. She/He/It+has+got+O Ex: He has a new car. (?)+have+I/You/We/They+got? Ex: How many children have you got? (?)+has+She/He/It+got? Ex: How many chirend has he got?

I/You/We/They+do+not+have+O I/You/We/They+have+not+got+O Ex: They do not have a dog. Ex: We have not got a dog. She/He/It+does+not+have+O She/He/It+has+not+got+O Ex: She does have a dog. Ex: She has not got a dog.

Describing countries

The United States Canada Australia New zealand South Africa Scotland

a This country has quite a small population, just 16 million, but the country is huge. The people are mainly of European descent, but there are also aborigines and a lot of south-east Asian immigrants. People live in towns on the coast, not so much inland, because it is so hot. They live a lot of their lives outdoors, and enjoy sports, swimming, and having barbecues. This country exports wine and wool it has more than 60 million sheep!

What is this country?

b This is the second biggest country in the world, but it has a population of only 30 million. It is so big that there is a variety of climates. Most people live in the south because the north is too cold. It is famous for its beautiful mountains and lakes it has more lakes than any other country. Their favourite sport are baseball and ice hockey.

What is this country?

c This country has a population of about 45 million. Of these, 76 per cent are black and 12 per cent are white. It has a warm climate. Either it never rains, or it rains a lot! It is the worlds biggest producer of gold, and it exports diamonds, too. It grows a lot of fruit, including oranges, pears, and grapes, and it makes wine. In the game reserves you can see a lot of wildlife, including lions, elephants, zebars, and giraffes.

What is this country?

What is this country?

d Well, my countrys got a population of er about three and a half million, so its not a big place. Most of the people are from Europe, but about twelve per cent are Maori they were the original inhabitants. A lot of people live in bungalows, which are small houses on one floor, and have a pet. Its a very beautiful country. Its got a lot of mountains, and people love countryside. Oh, and were very good at rugby and cricket.

What is this country?

e My country is the northern part of a bigger country, but were got our own parliament. There are just over 5 million of us. Were got a lot of mountains, and there are also lots of rivers, lakes, and island. People come to my country to fish. Our salmon is famous all over the world. And we also produce a very famous drink called whisky.

What is this country?

f I come from a big country. It has a lot of wide open spaces. We have a population of almost 300 million, and these people have com from all over the world. We have big, cosmopolittan cities, but a lot of people live on farm, ranches, and in small towns. We like baseball and football our kind of football. And we love to eat hamburgers with fries, and apple pie and icecream.

Daily life
have
wash watch talk

VOCABULARY

Math the verb and nouns

a film on TV
to my friends my hair breakfast

make
listen relax do

to music
my homework a cup of tea on the sofa

have clear up do have/put

posters on the wall the mess a shower the washing-up

cook go put on read

magazines a meal make-up to the toilet

Things in the house

Kitchen
Have breakfast, do washing-up, make a cup of tea, cook a meal

Bathroom
Wash my hair, have a shower, go to the toilet, put on make-up

Livingroom
Watch a film on TV, talk to my friends, clear up the mess, have poster on the wall

Bedroom
Watch a film on TV, put posters on the wall, listen to music, do my homework, read magazines, put on make-up

READING AND SPEAKING

Living in the USA
The people of the United States are nearly all immigrants, or descendants of immigrants. It is a young country, and much of the population has relatives who live in other parts of the world. But how do they find the US when they first arrive? What do they think of the people, the culture, the way of life? Jamie Peterson spoke to three of them.

Roberto solano Aged 24, from Mexico.

Roberto came from Acapulco to New york ten year ago. At first he missed everything the sunshine, the food, his girlfriend. But now he has a successful business with his three brothers and his sister. The run a soccer store in New bruckswick. Robertos girlfriend is now his wife, and they have two children who go to American school. When asked why he came to the US, Roberto says without hesitation, Because I want to work hard and be successful. He certainly works hard. Hes at the store all day, then works as a driver in the evening. Thats why I like America, he says. You can be what yon want. When I first came here, I didnt speak the language, and it was winter. It was so cold! There was snow! Now nearlyall my family are here, not only in Newyork, but also in california, and in texas. We meet about once a month and have a huge Mexico meal that takes about five hours! Were all happy here.

Endre Boros Aged 45, from Hungary

Endre is a mathematican at Rutgers University, New Jersey. He came from Budapest thirteen years ago. I had an opportunity to come here for two years. After a year, his wife came to join him, and since then theyve had a daughter, so they decided to stay. At first it was very strange. Everything is so big here, he says. I started to feel happy when I bought a car. Now I go evverywhere by car. In Hungary, we only use the carat weekend, but here your car is part of your life. Nobody walks anywhere. How does he find the people? Very friendly. The first question every body asks you is where are you from? People talk to you here, they start conversations. I like the fact that there are people from all over the world. What about the way of life? The thing I like best is independence. Nobody tells me what to do. Here you can do what you want, so you learn to make decision for yourself. I fell in control.

Yuet Tung Aged 31, from Hong Kong

Yuet Tung is her Chinese name, but in English shes know as Clara. She came to the US eight years ago and studied fine art. Now she works on Madison Avenue for publisher. She married a Vietnamese American three years ago, and they live in Long island. They dont have any children yet. What does she think of living in New York? Its very similar to Hong Kong. Its a busy city, very exciting, and people walk very fast! I like the stores here. Theyre huge, and its cheaper than Hong Kong everyone uses public transportation, because its good and its cheap. At first I hated driving here, but its Ok now.

What does she like best? The space. Here I live in a house with a yard. In Hong Kong it is so crowded. And the people are friendly. When I go jogging, everyone says Hi! And the food is from every country in the world.

Thank you!