tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

tpgh\h
khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyaj;jpd; ntspaPlhFk; kyu; 2
nra;tjw;Fk;> Nghf;Ftuj;J flikfisr; nra;tjw;Fk;> jkpo; K];ypk; nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; <LgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sjhfTk;> mwptpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jw;F Nkyjpfkhf jkpo; nkhopapy; Nju;r;rp ngw;w rpq;fs cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSk; <LgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sjhfTk; kl;lf;fsg;Gg; gpupT nghyp]; mjpfhup mwptpj;Js;shu;. vkJ Kiwg;ghLfs; Fwpj;J kd;dhu; gpupT nghyp]; fz;fhzpg;ghsu; mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FOtpw;F gpd;tUk; mtjhdpg;Gfisr; nra;Js;shu;. kd;dhu; gpuNjrj;jpy; jkpo; nkhopapy; Nju;r;rp ngw;w 70 jkpo; nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSk; 15 K];ypk; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSk; cs;sdu;. ,t;Tj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; kd;dhupd; midj;J nghyp]; epiyaq;fspYk; flikapy; <LgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sdu;. jkpo; nkhop njupe;j 2 ngz; nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; khj;jpuNk cs;sdu;. ngz; nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSf;fhd gw;whf;Fiw cs;sJ. Kiwg;ghLfisAk; $w;Wf;fisAk; gjpT nra;ifapy; rpq;fsk; jkpo; Mfpa ,U nkhopfspYk; gjpT nra;ag;gLk;.

mur fUk nkhopf;nfhs;ifia kPwy;|

fpof;F khfhz nghyp]; cau; mjpfhupfspd; mtjhdpg;Gfs; mur fUk nkhop MizahsUf;Ff; fpilj;Js;sd
mur fUk nkhopf; nfhs;if kPwg;gl;l gy re;ju;g;gq;fs; gw;wp khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FOtplk; nra;j Kiwg;ghLfisg; gw;wp mtrpakhd Muk;g eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sjhf kl;lf;fsg;G kd;dhu; gpuNjrq;fisr; rhu;e;j nghyp]; fz;fhzg;ghsu;fsplkpUe;J mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FOtpw;F Vw;fdNt mtjhdpg;Gfs; fpilj;Js;sjhf Nkw;gb Mizahsu; mwptpj;Js;shu;. khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FOtpw;Fr; nra;j Kiwg;ghLfs; gw;wp vLf;fg;gl;Ls;s eltbf;iffis mwptpj;J Mizf;FOj; jtprhsu; khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyaj;jpw;F mDg;gpAs;s fbjk; %yk; ,jid mwptpj;Js;shu;. kl;lf;fsg;G gpuptpw;Fg; nghWg;ghd nghyp]; cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsu; jkJ gpuptpy; 12 nghyp]; epiyaq;fs; ,Ug;gjhfTk;> ,g; nghyp]; epiyaq;fspy; jkpo; gpui[fspd; Kiwg;ghLfisAk; $w;Wf;fisAk; gjpT nghyp]; epiyaq;fSf;Ff; fpilf;Fk; Kiwg;ghLfisg; gjpT nra;tjw;Fk; Gydha;T nra;tjw;Fk; jkpo;nkhop gw;wpa Nju;r;rpnfhz;l Mz; ngz; nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fis <LgLj;Jtjw;F nghyp]; epiyag; nghWg;ghsu;fs; mwpTWj;jg;gl;Ls;sdu;. Vw;fdNt jkpo; nghopapy; Kiwg;ghLfisg; gjpT nra;aTk; Gydha;T nra;aTk; eltbf;iffs; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Kiwg;ghL nra;atUk; jkpo; gpui[fspd; trjpf;fhf jkpo; nkhop mwpe;j nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;ju; xUtu; Kiwg;ghL nra;ag;gLk; ,lj;jpy; flikapy; <LgLj;jg;gl;Ls;shu;.

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

,jo; 3

nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSf;F jkpo; nkhopapy; Nju;r;rp toq;Fk; Nehf;fpy; jkpo; nkhopapy; gapw;rpg; ghlnewp epfo;r;rpfs; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. 12k; gf;fk; ghu;f;f

,yq;ifapd; nkhop cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd nghJkf;fs; fye;Jiuahly;

mikr;ru; thRNjt ehzaf;fhu Njrpa nkhopfs; kw;Wk; xUq;fpizg;G mikr;R

rl;lj;juzp. vk;.V. Rke;jpud; ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdu;

gq;Fgw;wpNahu;

fle;j brk;gu; 10k; jpfjp kdpj cupikfs; jpdj;ij epidT$UKfkhf ,yq;ifapd; nkhop cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd kf;fs; fye;Jiuahliy Vw;ghL nra;tjw;F ,yq;ifapd; nkhop cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd $l;likg;G

eltbf;if vLj;jpUe;jJ. nfhOk;G k`htyp Nfe;jpu epiyaj;jpy; brk;gu; 12k; jpfjp eilngw;w nghJkf;fs; fye;Jiuahlypy; ehl;bd; gy;NtW gpuNjrq;fisAk; gpujpepjpj;Jtg; gLj;jpa rptpy; r%fj;ijr; rhu;e;Njhu; tUif je;jpUe;jdu;. khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd

epiyak; fpof;F khfhz If;fpa ngz;fs; mikg;G [dehaf cupikfis ntd;nwLg;gjw;fhd ,af;fk;> Njrpa kPdtu; xj;Jiog;G ,af;fk;> khdpl xj;Jiog;G kd;wk;> kd;dhu; fpuhkpa mgptpUj;jp kd;wk;> tTdpah fpuhkpag; nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jp mikg;G> ghdk kw;Wk;

jpUNfhzkiy ru;Nthja rpukjhd rq;fk; vd;gd ,r;rptpy; r%ff; $l;likg;ig gpujpepjpj;Jtk; nra;jd. ,g; nghJkf;fs; fye;Jiuahlypy; rku;g;gpf;fg;gl;l fUj;Jf;fs; ,k;Kiw tpgh\h nra;jp klypd; cl;gf;fq;fspy; gpuRukhfpd;wd.

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

nfhOk;G khefu rigAk; nkhop cupikfis kPwpAs;sJ

kdpj cupikfs; Mizf;FOtpw;F Kiwg;ghL
nfhOk;G khefu rig tpepNahfpf;Fk; fl;blq;fis epu;khzpg;gjw;fhd mDkjp ngWk; tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fs; jkpo; nkhopapy; ntspaplg;ghlhik Fwpj;J khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; kdpj cupik Mizf;FOtpw;F Kiwg;ghnlhd;iwr; rku;g;gpj;Js;sJ. Kiwg;ghl;L ,yf;fk; vr;.Mu;.rP 636{2012 If; nfhz;l 2012-02-01k; jpfjp rku;g;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;s Kiwg;ghl;bd; %yk; nfhOk;G khefu rig ,yq;if murpayikg;gpd; 12(1) cWg;Giuf;fike;j mbg;gil cupikfis jkpo; nkhop NgRk; gpui[fs; Fwpj;J kPwpAs;sikahy; mJ Fwpj;j gupe;Jiuiag; ngWtjw;F

nfhOk;G khefu rig

Ntz;LNfhs; tpLf;fg;gl;lJ. rdj;njhif Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; juTfSf;F mika nfhOk;G khefu rig vy;iyf;Fs; trpf;Fk; jkpo;

NgRk; kf;fspd; rdj;njhif 50 tPjj;jpw;Fk; Nkw;gl;lJ vdTk; Kiwg;ghl;by; Fwpggplg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,t;thwhf ,lk;ngWk;

cupik kPwy;fisj; jLg;gjw;F fl;bl epu;khzj;jpw;F mq;fPfhuk; ngWk; tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fis jkpo; nkhopapy; ntspapLkhWk; Nfhupf;if tpLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Njrpa vOj;jhsu; kj;jpa epiyaj;ijj; Njhw;Wtpf;f jkpo;> rpq;fs vOj;jhsu;fs; xw;WikAld; Kd; te;Js;sdu;
gyypd kf;fs; thOk; ,yq;ifapd; vOj;jhsu;fSf;fpilapyhd el;igAk; gu];gu mwpitAk; Nkk;gLj;Jk; Nehf;Fld; 2009 Mk; Mz;L Muk;gpf;fg;gl;l jkpo;> rpq;fs vOj;jhsu;fs; xd;wpaj;jpd; Clhf Njrpa vOj;jhsu;fs; kj;jpa epiyaj;ij Njhw;Wtpf;f eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLk;. mur fUk nkhopfs; kw;Wk; r%f xUikg;ghl;L mikr;ruhd nfsut: thRNjt ehzaf;fhu mtu;fSldhd fye;Jiuahlypy; Njrpa vOj;jhsu; kj;jpa epiyaj;ij epWTtJld;> mur fUk nkhopfspd; Clhf r%f eyr; nraw;ghLfs; rpytw;iw eilKiwg;gLj;jTk; cld;ghL fhzg;gl;ljhf njuptpf;fg;gLfpwJ. jkpo;> rpq;fs nkhopfspy; ntspahfpAs;s ngWkjpahd E}y;fisj; Nju;e;njLj;J nkhopg;ngau;g;gjw;F nkhop ngau;g;ghsu; FOkk; xd;iw epWTjy;> jkpo;> rpq;fs nkhopfSf;Fk; fyhr;rhuj;jpw;Fk; gzpahw;wpa jkpo;> rpq;fs> K];ypk; vOj;jhsu;fis nfsutpf;Fk; itgtk; xd;W cl;gl NkYk; gy tplaq;fs; ,t;Ntiyj;jpl;lj;jpy; mlq;fpAs;sJld; jkpo;> rpq;fs vOj;jhsu; xd;wpaj;jpd; Ngr;rhsu; xUtu; ,j;jftiy ntspapl;bUe;jhu;.

`pe;jp nkhop Xu; ntspehl;L nkhop vd ,e;jpa ePjpkd;wk; jPu;khdpj;Js;sJ.

murpayikg;gpy; toq;fg;gl;l Kd;Dupik gw;wp tpsf;fkspf;ff; $ba jPu;g;nghd;iw fle;j jpdq;fspy; ,e;jpa ePjpkd;wk; toq;fpaJ. ,J njhlu;ghd nra;jpnahd;W fle;j 2012 [dtup 12 Mk; jpfjp 'jptapd" gj;jpupifapy; ,t;thW gpuRukhfpapUe;jJ. 'F[uhj;" khepy cau; ePjpkd;wk; `pe;jp nkhop ntspehl;L nkhopnad jPu;khdpj;Js;sJ. Njrpa tPjp mjpfhu rigf;F vjpuhf F[uhj; gpui[ xUtuhy; njhLf;fg;gl;l tof;F tprhuizapd; jPu;g;ghf ,f; fUj;J Kd;itf;fg;gl;lJ. Njrpa tPjp mjpfhu rigahy; F[uhj; kf;fSf;F `pj;jp nkhopahy; fbjnkhd;iw mDg;gp itj;jij Rl;bf;fhl;b jPu;g;G toq;fpaJld; `pe;jp nkhop F[uhj; kf;fSf;F Gupahj ntspehl;L nkhopnadTk; Fwpg;gpl;bUe;jhu;.

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

nkhop cupikfisg; NgZk;

,dpa Gj;jhz;Lf;fhd tho;j;Jf;fs; !

,yq;ifapy; nkhopg; gd;ikj;Jtk;> nkhop cupik vd;gd Fwpj;J Gjpa Mu;tk; Vw;gl;Ls;s Ntisapy; 2012k; Mz;L gpwf;fpd;wJ. Gj;jhz;bd; gpwg;NghL rpy Kf;fpa gj;jpupifj; jiyaq;fq;fshf ntspte;j nra;jpfs; %yk; ,t;Tw;rhfj;ijf; fhzf;$bajhf ,Uf;fpwJ. Kk;nkhop Mz;lhf 2012 gpufldg;gLj;jg;gLjy; ,yq;iff;fhd gj;jhz;L Kk;nkhop Ntiyj;jpl;lk; (2012{2022) gpufldg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ

nkhop cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd nghJ kf;fspd; fye;jhNyhridf; $l;lk;

2011 brk;gu; 10Mk; jpfjpa kdpj cupikfs; jpdj;jpd; Qhgfhu;j;jkhf ,yq;ifapd; nkhop cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd rptpy; r%ff; $l;likg;G fle;j brk;gu; 12k; jpfjp kh`hntyp Nfe;jpu epiyaj;jpy; elj;jpa nkhop cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd kf;fs; fye;Jiuahlypy; Kd;itf;fg;gl;l fUj;Jf;fs; gpd;tUkhW

,ijj;jtpu fle;j Mz;L ,Wjpapy; ntspaplg;gl;l fw;w ghlq;fs; kw;Wk; ey;ypzf;fk; njhlu;ghd Mizf;FO mwpf;ifapd; gupe;Jiufs; mtjhdpg;Gfspd; %yk; xU Gjpa fye;JiuahlYf;fhd gpd;Gyk; cUthfpAs;sJ. ,jw;F Kd;du; ru;tfl;rpg; gpujpepjpfs; FOtpd; Kd;nkhopTfs; %yKk; nkhop cupikia cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;F Vw;Gila gy Nahridfs; Kd; itf;fg;gl;bUe;jd. mNj rkak; Njrpa nkhopfs; kw;Wk; r%f xUq;fpizg;G mikr;Rk; jkJ eltbf;iffSf;Fg; Gjpa cw;rhfj;ij fhz;gpj;J tUfpwJ. gy nkhopr; rq;fq;fs; ehL g+uhTk; cUthfp tUfpd;wd. ,ij mbnahl;b rpq;fs jkpo; nkhopfisf; fw;gjw;Fk;> nkhopg; gpur;rpidiaj; jPu;g;gjw;Fkhd jiyikj;JtKk; Gjpa epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fSk; mKyhf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,Nj rkak; khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak; cl;gl gy;NtW mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fs; kw;Wk; gy r%f mikg;Gf;fSk; ,yq;ifapd; nkhop cupikfis cWjpg;gLj;Jk; gy epfo;r;rpfis Muk;gpj;Js;sd. ,tw;wpD}lhf nkhop cupikfs; gw;wp r%fj;jpw;F mwpt+l;LtJk; ,t;Tupikfis miltjw;Fk; njhlu;r;rpahf eltbf;if vLf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,r;rfy eltbf;iffspd; xUq;fpizg;G %yk; fhl;lg;gLk; Mu;tj;ij kjpf;Fk; mNjNtis kWGwk; ,t;Tw;rhfj;ij gaDWjptha;e;j KiwapNy mKyhf;FtJk; kpf Kf;fpakhFk;. ,q;Fk; Vw;gl;Ls;s cw;rhfj;jpd; ,uz;L Eiothapy;fis milahsk; fhz;gJ Kf;fpakhFk;. xd;W fy;tpj; Jiwapyhd gpuNtrkhFk;. rpq;fs ,dj;jtu;f;F jkpo; nkhopAk; jkpou;fSf;F rpq;fs nkhopAk; fw;gpg;gjd; %yk; gpur;rpidf;Fj; jPu;T fhz KbAk; vd;gJ ,g;gpuNtrj;jpd; mbg;gilahFk;. jw;NghJ Mq;fpy nkhopAk; ,jNdhL xd;wpize;J Kk;nkhop nraw;jpl;lkhf khwpAs;sJ. nkhopf; fy;tp vy;yh tifapYk; gaDWjp tha;e;jJ mjd; %yk; gy gpur;rpidfSf;F jPu;T fhz KbAk; vd;gjpy; re;Njfk; ,y;iy. vdpDk; ,yq;if tuyhw;wpy; nkhop cupikf;fhd gpur;rpidfspd; gupzhk tsu;r;rpia gpd;Ndhf;fpg; ghu;f;ifapy; ,J ntWkNd nkhopf;fy;tp rk;ge;jg;gl;l gpur;rpid khj;jpuk; my;y vd;gij Gupe;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. nkhop cupik> kdpj cupik> mbg;gil cupikAkhFk; vd;gij murpay; uPjpapy; Gupe;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. Fwpg;ghf Aj;jj;jpw;Fg; gpw;gl;l r%fj;jpypUe;J ehk; gpd;Ndhf;fpg; ghu;ifapy; Gupe;Jnfhs;s Ntz;ba mbg;gil cz;ik ,JthFk;. nkhop cupikia kdpj cupikahf Vw;Wf;nfhz;L mjd; %yk; gpufldg;gLj;jg;gLk; r%f mgpyhi\fis Mokhfg; Gupe;Jnfhz;L mjw;Fj; njuptpf;Fk; kupahijia mq;fPfhuj;ij ,q;F mbg;gilj; Njitahf ehk; czu;e;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. gpwe;j Gj;jhz;by; fhl;lg;gLk; nkhop cw;rhfj;jpd; rupahd ngWNgWfis mWtil nra;tjw;F ,e;j ,uz;L Eiothapy;fisAk; ehk; rupahd Kiwapy; gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. Gjpa Mz;by; ,jw;fhd Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fis cUthf;FtJ nkhop kPJ Mu;tk; nfhz;l rfy gpui[fspdJk; tifg;nghWg;ghFk;.

,ilawhJ Kd;NdWNthk;.....
yady; FUNf
,izg;ghsu; - r%fg;gq;fspg;G epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lg; gpupT khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak;

gy khjq;fshf gy Jiwfspy; nkhopg; gpur;rpid gw;wp Nkw;nfhz;l fw;ifapd; gpd;du; ,yq;ifapd; nkhop cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd ,g;nghJ kf;fs; fye;Jiuahly; Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;lJ. nkhop cupik> kdpj cupikfs; jpdj;jpy; fye;Jiuahl Ntz;ba Kf;fpa njhdpg;nghUshf ehk; fUjpagbahy; ,j;jpdj;jpy; ehk; ,e;j epfo;r;rpia Vw;ghL nra;Njhk;. %d;W Fwpf;Nfhs;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L ,j;Jiwapy; ehk; gzpahw;wp tUfpNwhk;. mf;Fwpf;Nfhs;fshtd : - rptpy; r%fq;fis ,ad;wsT mzp jpul;b kf;fspd; nkhop cupikia cWjpg;gLj;jy; - ];jhgd uPjpapy; nkhop cupikf;fhfj; Njhw;Wjy; - rl;lg+u;tkhf rpq;fsj;jpYk; jkpopYk; gzpahw;Wk; cupikia cWjp nra;jy; ,g; gazj;jpy; ,U jug;igAk; rhu;e;j xU rpyu; nkhop cupik gw;wp FWfpa kdg;ghq;Ffis nfhz;bUe;jik vk;khy; fhzf;$bajhf ,Uf;fpwJ. nkhop cupik vd;gJ vd;dntd;W rupahd KiwapNy fye;JiuahlYf;F cl;gLj;jg;gltpy;iy vd;gJ njupfpwJ. vt;thwhapDk; ,ilawhJ ehk; Kd;Ndw Ntz;Lk;. 6k; gf;fk; ghu;f;f

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

fw;f Ntz;ba nkhopg; ghlq;fspy; xU rpy..

fw;w ghlq;fSk; ey;ypzf;fKk; gw;wpa Mizf;FO mwpf;ifapypUe;J
eltbf;iffis jtprhsu; rP.Mu; B. rpy;th cld; Mizf;FOtpd; Vida cWg;gpdu;fshf nraw;gl;l rl;lj;juzpahd kNdh ,uhkehjd;> Kd;idehs; jpiuNrwpr; nrayhsuhd rP. rz;Kfk;> ntspehl;L mikr;rpd; Kd;idehs; nrayhsuhd vr;.vk;.[P.v]; gyp`f;fhu> ntspehl;L mikr;rpd; rl;l MNyhrfuhf flikahw;wpa nuh`hd; ngNuuh> ru;tNjr gaq;futhjk; gw;wpa mtjhdpg;ghsUk; Fw;wtpay; rl;lk; njhlu;ghf Nju;r;rp ngw;w NguhrpupaUkhd fUzhuj;d `q;ftj;j> Kd;idehs; Nky;ePjpkd;w ePjpauruhff; flikahw;wpa kf;];nty; guzfk> Kd;idehs; ntspehl;Lj; J}Jtuhd v];.gP. mj;Jnfhl kw;Wk; rpNu\;l rl;lj;juzpahd vk;.uP.vk; gg;/gpf; MfpNahu; flikahw;wpdu;. ,t;thizf;FO jahupj;j mwpf;ifAk; Kf;fpa mtjhdpg;Gf;fs; gupe;Jiufs; mlq;fpa rhuhk;rKk; 2011 brk;gu; 16k; jpfjp ghuhSkd;wj;jpy; rku;g;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. mjpy; cs;slf;fg;gl;l nkhopf;nfhs;if njhlu;ghd Kf;fpa mtjhdpg;Gf;fspdJk; gupe;JiufspdJk; rhuhk;rj;ijf; fPNo Fwpg;gpLfpNwhk;. nkhopf; nfhs;if 9.238 njhlu;e;J te;j murhq;fq;fspd; nkhopf; nfhs;ifAk;> mjidr; nray;gLj;Jtjpy; ,Ue;j FiwghLfs; fhuzkhfTk; jhq;fs; XusT Xuq;fl;lg;gl;Nlhk; vd;w czu;Tk; jq;fSf;F Vw;gl;ljhf jkpo; kf;fs; gyu; Mizf;FO Kd; njuptpj;jdu;. 9.239 jw;NghJk; $l rpWghd;ik kf;fspy; ngUk;ghyhdtu;fs; jkJ tpahghu mYty;fis elhj;JtJ jhk; ngupJk; tpUk;Gfpd;w nkhopapy; my;y vd;gJ Nkhjy; eilngw;w gpuNjrq;fSf;F Nkw;nfhz;l tp[aq;fspd;NghJ Mizf;FO fz;lwpe;j tplakhFk;. 9.240 jkpo; nkhop NgRfpd;w nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fis Ml;Nru;g;Gr; nra;tjpYs;s Kd;Ndw;wj;ij Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpd;w mNj Neuj;jpy; Mizf;FO jkJ ,ilf;fhy mwpf;ifia [dhjpgjp mtu;fSf;Fr; rku;g;gpj;J ,r;rpf;fy;fs; njhlu;gpy; kpfj; Jupjkhf vLf;f Ntz;ba eltbf;iffs; cs;spl;l rpghupRfis rku;g;gpj;jhYk; $l ,d;Dk; mit eilKiwg;gLj;jtpy;iy vd;gij Mizf;FO ftiyAld; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wJ. 9.241 nkhopf; nfhs;iffisAk; mtw;wpd; nraw;ghLfisAk; fz;fhzpf;fpd;w cj;jpNahfg+u;t epWtdq;fspy; jkpo; nkhop NgRfpd;w egu;fSk; jkpo; nkhopiag; gad;gLj;Jfpd;w gpuNjrq;fspd; NghjpasT gpujpepjpj;JtKk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. nkhopf;nfhs;ifia KOikahf eilKiwg;gLj;Jfpd;wNghJ r%f mbg;giltiu tpuptile;Js;s nraw;ghl;Lj; jpl;lq;fis cs;slf;f Ntz;baNjhL gpupTfs; kw;Wk; cs;@ uhl;rp epWtdq;fs; Njitahd tifapy; cs;slf;fg;gLfpd;w r%fg; gq;Nfw;Gld; fz;fhzpf;ff;$ba ,yf;Ffs; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. 9.242 njhlu;ghly; jilfs; fhuzkhf njd;dpyq;if kf;fs; tlf;F> fpof;F gpuNjr kf;fsplkpUe;J J}u tpyfp ,Ue;jdu;. ,dk;> kjk; my;yJ r%f epiyiag; nghUl;gLj;jhky; midj;Jg; gpui[fSf;Fkpilapy; jhk; xUtUf;nfhUtu; nrhe;jkhdtu;fs; vd;w czu;it Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F midj;J Kaw;rpfisAk; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. xU ehl;il If;fpag;gLj;jp gpizj;J itg;gJ nkhopahFk;. MfNt> nkhop njhlu;ghd nfhs;iffisj; jahupg;gJ ,e;j Nehf;fj;ij miltjw;fhf Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;> cj;jpNahfg+u;t nkhopf;nfhs;ifia eilKiwg;gLj;Jfpd;w NghJ mij Gupe;Jzu;T> gy;tifik> Njrpa xUikg;ghL vd;gtw;iw Nkk;gLj;Jfpd;w cw;gj;jpj; jpwd;kpf;f tifapy; eilKiwg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. 9.243 ghlrhiyg; ghlj;jpl;lj;jpy; mLj;jtUila nkhopiaf; fw;Wf;nfhs;tijf; fl;lhag;gLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,J ,U ,dq;fSf;fpilapy; kNdhght uPjpapyhd khw;wj;ij cWjpg;gLj;jf; $ba mbg;gilf ;fUtpahf mikayhk;. rpq;fsg; gps;isfSf;Fj; jkpo; nkhopiaf; fw;gpg;gJ> jkpo;g; gps;isfSf;F rpq;fs nkhopiaf; fw;gpg;gJ vd;gtw;wpd; %yk; xUtUf;nfhUtu; fyhrhuq;fs; njhlu;ghd rpwe;j Gupe;Jzu;itg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s KbAk;. 9.244 nkhopf; nfhs;ifiag; nghUj;jkhd Kiwapy; eilKiwg;gLj;JtJk; vjpu;fhyr; re;jjp rpq;fsk;> jkpo;> Mq;fpyk; Mfpa Kk;nkhopfspy; mwpitg; ngWtJk; kpfTk; Kf;fpakhdjhFk;. Kk;nkhopf; fy;tp gps;isfSf;F rpW tajpypUe;Nj xUtiunahUtu; Gupe;Jnfhs;tjw;F topaikf;Fk;. 9.245 2020Mk; Mz;lhfpd;wNghJ Kk;nkhopj; Njrnkhd;iw cUthf;Ftjw;F murhq;fk; gzpfis Muk;gpj;jpUg;gij Mizf;FO ghuhl;LfpwJ. ,ij ajhu;j;jkhf;Ftjw;Fupa Mrpupau;fSf;Fg; gapw;rpaspg;gjw;Fk; mtu;fis Ml; Nru;g;Gr; nra;tjw;Fk; cupa epjp Vw;ghLfis tuT nryTj; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; xJf;Ftij Kjd;ikj; Njitahff; fUjp eltbf;if Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. 9.246 ve;jnthU khtl;lj;ijNah my;yJ khfhzj;ijNah nkhopiaNah mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L tifg;gLj;jyhfhJ. mur Nritapy; cs;s cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSf;F ehl;bd; ve;jg; gFjpapYk; Nritahw;wf; $ba nkhopj;jpwd; ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. 9.247 xt;nthU murhq;f mYtyfj;jpYk; vg;nghOJk; jkpo;nkhop NgRfpd;w cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; fl;lhakhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. nghyp]; epiyakhf ,Ug;gpd;> 24 kzpj;jpahyaq;fSk; ,U nkhopfisg; gad;gLjjpJd;w cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; Nritapy; <LgLj;jg;gl;bUj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. Kiwg;ghl;lhsu;fs; jkJ Ra tpUg;gj;jpy; njupT nra;fpd;w nkhopapy; jkJ thf;F %yj;ijg; gjpe;Jnfhs;Sk; cupik ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk; . 9.248 mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FO nfhOk;G efuj;ij ikakhff; nfhz;L ,aq;Ffpd;w mNj Neuj;jpy; mjw;F fpuhkpa kf;fs; ,yFtpy; mZf KbahJs;sJ. jPtpu nraw;gLj;Jk; mjpfhuk; nfhz;l mjpfhu rigahf nkhop Mizf;FO ,Uf;f Ntz;ba mNj Neuj;jpy; mjd; fpisfs; midj;J khfhzq;fspYk; epWtg;gLjy; Ntz;Lk;.

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fw;w ghlq;fSk; ey;ypzf;fKk; gw;wpa Mizf;FO mwpf;if mt; Mizf;FOtpd; jtprhsuhd Kd;idehs; rl;lkh mjpgu; rP.Mu;. b rpy;th mtu;fshy; 2011.11.20k; jpfjp [dhjpgjp k`pe;j uh[gf;\ mtu;fsplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lJ. 2012-02-22k; jpfjp vy;.uP.uP mikg;gpdNuhL md;iwa If;fpa Njrpaf; fl;rp murhq;fj;jpd; gpujkuhf ,Ue;j uzpy; tpf;fpukrpq;` mtu;fshy; ifnahg;gkplg;gl;l Nghu; epWj;j xg;ge;jk; mKyhf;fg;gl;l jpfjp Kjy; 2009-05-19k; jpfjp tiu vy;.uP.uP jiytu; NtYg;gps;is gpughfud; cl;gl Kf;fpa cWg;gpdu;fs; nfhiyAz;L Aj;jk; epWj;jg;gl;l jpfjp tiu tlf;F fpof;F khfhzq;fspYk; njd;dpyq;ifapYk; Vw;gl;l rk;gtq;fs; ,t;thizf;FOtpd; Ma;Tf;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,jd; nghUl;L Mizf;FOtpDila tprhuizfs; 2010.08.11k; jpfjp Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. Nkw;gb Mizf;FO gy;NtW Jiwfisr; rhu;e;j Ml;fsplkpUe;J rhl;rpfisg; gjpT nra;jJ. ,r;rhl;rpfis tprhupf;Fk;

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tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

rpq;fsk; jkpo; Mfpa gj;jpupiffspy; ntspahd ,Unkhop cupik rk;ge;jkhd rpy nra;jpfis ,q;F kPz;Lk; gpuRupf;fpd;Nwhk;. ,yq;ifapd; Clfq;fs; nkhop cupikiag; gw;wp vt;thW mwpf;ifapLfpd;wd. vd;gJ gw;wp ,r;nra;jpfs; %yk; fhz KbAk; mNj rkak; nkhop cupikfspd; cz;ikahd jd;ikia milahsk; fhz;gjw;F gpujhd ePNuhl;lj;jpd; Clfq;fs; vt;tsT J}uk; ntw;wp mile;jpUf;fpd;wJ vd;gJ gw;wpAk; ,r;nra;jpfs; %ykhf Gupe;Jnfhs;s KbAk;.

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2011-08-04 yf;gpk gf;fk; -19 mur Copau;fSf;F rpq;fsk; jkpo; Mfpa nkhopfis fw;gpf;Fk; Fwpf;NfhSld; Xu; Mrpupau; Fohik mikg;gjw;F Njrpa nkhopfs; kw;Wk; fy;tp gapw;rp epWtdk; eltbf;if vLj;Js;sJ.

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2011-12-13 yf;gpk 17 [dhjpgjp gjpNaw;G itgtj;ij Kd;dpl;L ,yq;ifau;fSf;F ,U nkhop mwpit ,ytrkhf toq;Fk; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lk; Njrpa nkhopfs; kw;Wk; r%f xUq;fpizg;G mikr;rpd; Clhf Muk;gpffg;gl;Ls;sJ. 2016k; Mz;by; midj;J ; ,yq;ifau;fspdJk; nkhop mwpit tpUj;jp nra;Ak; Njrpa epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lj;jpw;F rkhe;jukhf rfy mur mjpfhupfSk;> ghlrhiy khztu;fSk; rhjhuz kf;fSk; ,Unkhop mwpitg;ngWtjw;fhd eltbf;iffs; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. khtl; l kl; l j; j py; ,J mKy; g Lj; j g; g LtNjhL mjd; nkhduhfiy khtl; l j; j pd; nrayku; T mz; i kapy; jzky; t py> `k; N gfKt Nrit epiyaj;jpy; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. ,q;F khtl;lj;jpd; mur mjpfhupfSf;Fk; jdpahu; Jiw Copau; f Sf; F k; ghlrhiy Mrpupau; f Sf; F k; III k; kl; l ghlnewp Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. njhlu;r;rpahf eilngWk; ,g;ghlnewpiaf; fw;W rpj;jpailNthu; jkpo; nkhop II k; kl;lj;jpy; Nju;r;rp ngWtjw;Fj; jifik ngWfpd;wdu;. ,g;ghlnewp rk;ge;jkhd Nkyjpf tpguq;fis nkhduhfiy nkhop Nkk;ghl;L cj;jpNahfj;jUld; njhlu;Gnfhz;L ngw;Wf;nfhs;syhk;.

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

- mur fUk nkhopf;nfhs;ifia rupahd Kiwapy; mKy;gLj;j Kbahik fhuzkhf ,e;ehl;bd; rhjhuz kf;fs; jkJ md;whl tho;f;ifapy; gy rthy;fisAk; ,ila+WfisAk; vjpu;Nehf;Ffpd;wdu;. gy trjpaPdq;fSf;Fk; Jd;gq;fSf;Fk; mtu;fs; ,yf;fhfp cs;sdu;. nkhop cupik gw;wpa gpur;rpidiaapl;L rl;lthf;fj; JiwAk; epiwNtw;Wj; JiwAk; cupa Kd; cupikfis toq;fhik ,jw;Ff; fhuzkhf mikfpwJ. cz;ikahd fhuzk; vd;dntdpy; gpui[fs; vjpu;Nehf;Fk; jilfs; mtkhdq;fisAk; mwpfpNwhk;. ,e;j Mw;wypd;ik %yk; vkJ mu;g;gzpg;gpy; fhzg;gLk; FiwfisAk; mjpfhupfsplk; fhzg;gLk; Neu;ikf;FiwitAk; fhz;fpd;Nwhk;. - ehk; Kk;nkhopr; r%fkhf Kd;Ndw Ntz;Lkhapd; nkhop cupikfSf;F kjpg;gspf;f Ntz;Lk;. nkhop cupikia KOikahfr; nraw;gLj;Jtjw;F rptpy; r%fk; vd;w tifapYk; rhjhuz gpui[fs; vd;w tifapYk; Ml;rpahsu;fs; kPJ mOj;jk; nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;. - nkhop vd;gJ kf;fspd; njhlu;ghly; ClfkhFk;. kf;fs; njhlu;ghl jkpo; thrfq;fs; mw;Wg;Ngha;tpl;ld. ,e;jpa &gha; Nehl;Lf;fspy; 13 nkhopfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. vkJ gz Nehl;Lf;fspy; jkpo; thrfk; Kd;du; fhzg;gl;lJ. Mdhy; ,g;NghJ ,y;iy. ehk; vy;NyhUk; xd;wpize;J nkhopf;nfhs;ifia mKy;gLj;JNthk; vdf; $WNthUld; ehd; cld;gltpy;iy. nkhopf; nfhs;ifia mKy;gLj;j Ntz;baJ murhq;fNk. ntWkNd xU nfhs;ifiaj; jahupj;jy;> murpay; mikg;ig cUthf;Fjy;> jkpo; nkhopia Njrpa nkhopahf Vw;Wf;nfhs;Sjy; vd;gtw;why; khj;jpuk; gpur;rpidf;Fj; jPu;T fhz KbahJ. kdkhw;wk; kpf mtrpakhFk;. murpd; nfhs;if Kk;nkhopf;nfhs;if vd ePq;fs; $wyhk;. Mdhy; mJ eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glhtpl;lhYk; mjw;F mu;j;jNk fpilahJ. MW khjq;fSf;F Kd;G aho; khtl;lj;jpd; njy;ypg;gio nghyp]; epiyaj;jpy; rpq;fsj;jpy; xU thf;F%yj;ijf;nfhLf;f ehd;

nkhop cupikfis N nghJ kf;fspd; fye;j

KbahJtpl;lhy; mtu;fs; jdpj;J tho NeupLk;. mNj rkak; nkhop milahsk; fyhrhuk; mtutu;fspd; mgpyhi\fs; vd;gtw;iw typAWj;Jfpd;wd. mtw;iw kjpf;fhJtpl;lhy; mtw;wpw;F r%fj;jpy; cupa ,lk; fpilf;fhtpl;lhy; mJ Xu; mtkhdkhFk;. mNj rkak; mk;nkhopiag; NgRfpd;w kf;fisg; Gwf;fzpg;gJkhFk;. ,e;j ehl;Lf;Fj; Njitahd If;fpaj;ijAk; rftho;itAk; rftho;tpw;F rf;jpia toq;Ftjw;Fk; Njrpa If;fpaj;jpw;F gq;fspf;fTk; Kbahky; Ngha;tpLk;. epu;g;ge;jpf;fg;gl;Nld;. ,J vdJ mbg;gil cupik kPwyhFk; vd mq;Fs;s cj;jpNahfj;ju;fSf;F $wpNdd;. rPUil mzpe;j ,uhZtj;jpdu; gyte;jkhf Eioe;J ehk; elj;jtpUe;j $l;lj;ijf; fiyj;Jtpl;ldu;. ehd; ve;j nkhopapy; mij rku;;g;gpj;jhYk; cupa gyd; fpilf;fhJ Nghfyhk;. ,q;F cz;ikapy; nkhop Kf;fpa gpur;rpid my;y. Ml;rpahsu;fspd; rpe;jidapy; xU kdkhw;wk; Vw;gl Ntz;Lk;. kf;fs; mjw;fhd mOj;jq;fisf; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. NghjpasT rl;ljpl;lq;fSk; Rw;wupf;iffSk; ,Uf;fpd;wd. Mdhy; kdg;ghq;fpy; mbg;gil khw;wk; Vw;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,yq;if xU gd;ikj;Jt r%fk; vd;gij kf;fs; Gupe;Jnfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mNj rkak; ,e;jg; Gupe;Jzu;NthL ,e;j ehl;bd; ngUk;ghd;ik kf;fSk; trjpahf tho Ntz;Lk;. mJtiu Kiwg;ghLfs; Rw;wupf;iffs; Xu; Mf;fg+u;tkhd khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;jkhl;lh.

nkhop cupikfSf;F kupahij nra;ahik kf;fSf;Fr; nra;Ak; mtkhdkhFk;.

fyhepjp ghf;fpaNrhjp rutzKj;J
epiwNtw;Wg; gzpg;ghsu; - khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyak;

nkhop cupikfisg; Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd kf;fs; fye;Jiuahlypy; gq;Fgw;wp fUj;Jf;fisg; gupkhw te;jpUe;j midtiuAk; md;Gld; fyhepjp rutzKj;J tuNtw;whu;. nkhop cupikfisg; nghWj;j tiuapy; eilKiwapy; ngUk;ghd;ik kf;fSf;F gyj;j gpur;rpidfis

Vw;gLj;Jk;. mNj rkak; mur kw;Wk; murpay; nraw;ghl;lhsu;fs; mtu;fSila ghu;itapy; Mu;tk; nrYj;jpAs;s nkhop cupikfis kdpj cupikfs; vdf; fUj KbAk; vd Muk;gj;jpNyNanjspTgLj;jpdhu;. mijj; jtpu rutzKj;J mtu;fspd; ciuapy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;l Kf;fpa rpy gpur;rpidfs; gpd;tUkhW :

kdkhw;wNk Njit
rl;lj;juzp vk;.V. Rke;jpud;
ghuhSkd;w cWg;gpdu;
,yq;ifapd; NkhjYf;F nkhopNa mbg;gilf; fhuzkhf mike;jJ vd;W gyuhYk; $wg;gLfpd;wJ. Mdhy; mJ NkNyhl;lkhff; fhzf;$ba xU tplak;. jkpo;nkhop mur fUk nkhopahf;fg;gl;l gpd;G rpy gpur;rpidfs; Kd;diu tpl mjpfupj;jd. cjhuzkhf Aj;jk; KbTw;w gpd;G Njrpa nkhopfs; kw;Wk; r%f xUq;fpizg;G mikr;R cUthf;fg;gl;l gpd;G mz;ikf; fhyj;jpy; 2010,y; ,q;F Rl;bf;fhl;lg;gl;lJ Nghy ,yq;ifapd; gz Nehl;Lf;fspy;

14k; gf;fk; ghu;f;f

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

nkhopf; fy;tpf;F nkhopg;ghtid mtrpakhFk;

B.vy;.v/g;. \hkpsh
tpupTiuahsu; nfhOk;Gg; gy;fiyf;fofk; nkhop vd;gJ XU kdpjd; jdJ fUj;Jf;fis ntspg;gLj;Jtjw;F gad;gLj;Jk; xU fUtp vd;gjw;F mg;ghy; czu;T uPjpahd Xu; tplakhFk;. vdNt xU ehl;bd; mbg;gil cupikahfTk; kdpj cupikahfTk; nkhop fUjg;gLfpd;wJ. xU kdpjd; mD\;bf;Fk; kjj;jpw;F mLj;jgbahf mtdJ nkhop kPNj $ba ftdk; nrYj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. xU kdpjdpd; jha;nkhopf;F Nkyjpfkhf NtW nkhopfis jpzpj;jhy; gy;NtW rpf;fy;fs; Vw;gLk;.

Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd jhNyhridf; $l;lk;

NtW ghl tplaq;fis tpl nkhop vd;w ghl tplak; Kw;wpYk; NtWgl;lJ. nkhopia ed;F fw;f Ntz;Lkhdhy; eilKiw kpf Kf;fpakhFk;. ,uz;L nkhopfisf; fw;gjd; %yk; ePq;fs; ,uz;L tifahd kdpju;fisf; fw;Wf;nfhs;fpd;wPu;fs; vd;gij xt;nthU jhAk; je;ijAk; jkJ gps;isfSf;F Nghjpf;f Ntz;Lk;. xU kdpjd; gy nkhopfisf; fw;gjd; %yk; gy kdpju;fis jd;Ds; cs;thq;Ffpd;whd;. ,yq;if tho; ehk; midtUk; Kk;nkhopfspy; nraw;gLtjw;F vk;ik jahuhf;fpf;nfhz;lhy; mJ vk; vy;NyhUf;Fk; kfpo;r;rpiaj; jUk;.

nkhopf;F cau;T jho;T fpilahJ

rNdh[p ngNuuh
cjtp Mizahsu;> mur fUk nkhopfs; jpizf;fsk; mur Copau;fs; midtUk; rpq;fsk; jkpo; Mfpa nkhopfspy; Nju;r;rp ngw Ntz;Lk; vd 3{2007 kw;wk; 7{2008 Mfpa Rw;wwpf;iffs; typAWj;Jfpd;wd. mjw;fika mur fUk nkhopfs; jpizf;fsk; mur Copau;fspd; ,U nkhop mwpit Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; Mq;fpy nkhopiaf; fw;gpg;gjw;Fk; tFg;Gfis elj;jp tUfpd;wJ. mNj rkak; 7{2008 Rw;wwpf;iff;F mika rfy mur Copau;fSk; nkhopj; Nju;r;rp gw;wpa rhd;wpjiog; ngw Ntz;Lk;. nkhop khw;wk; nra;tjw;fhd nkhopngau;g;ghsu;fisj; Njbf; fz;Lgpbg;gJ kpfkpff; fbdkhd gzpahf mike;Js;sJ. ,jw;F gupfhukhf ehL g+uhTk; thOk; nkhop ngau;g;G Mw;wy; nfhz;Nlhiu gapw;Wtpj;J nkhop ngau;g;ghsu; Fohk; vd;w tifapy; mtu;fis ,izg;gjw;F mur fUk nkhopfs; jpizf;fsk; eltbf;if vLj;Js;sJ. Rkhu; 150 Ngu; nfhz;l nkhopngau;g;ghsu; FOkk; ,g;NghJ nraw;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. rpq;fs jkpo; Mfpa nkhopfspy; nkhop ngau;g;G Mw;wy; nfhz;ltu;fis tpz;zg;gpf;FkhW gj;jpupif mwptpj;jy; %yk; ehk; miog;G tpLj;jpUf;fpd;Nwhk;. jw;NghJ Rkhu; 300 NguplkpUe;J tpz;zg;gg; gbtq;fs; fpilj;Js;sd. mtu;fs; kj;jpapy; ,Ue;J jFjpahdtu;fis vkJ nkhop ngau;g;ghsu; Fohkpy; ,izj;Jf;nfhs;s ehk; vjpu;ghu;f;fpd;Nwhk;. mur Copau;fs; kj;jpapy; ,U nkhop Mw;wy; Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;lhy; mur Nritia ehb tUk; nghJ kf;fSf;F rpwe;j Nritia toq;f vk;khy; KbAk;. xU nkhopiaf; fw;gJ vd;gJ mk;nkhop NgRk; kf;fspd; gz;Gfis Gupe;Jnfhs;tjhFk;. cyfpy; Rkhu; 4000 nkhopfs; toq;fp tUfpd;wd. nkhopapay; mbg;gilapy; Nehf;fpdhy; ve;jnthU nkhopAk; cau;thdnjd;Nwh ,d;DnkhU jho;thdnjd;Nwh ehk; $w KbahJ. MfNt mur Nritahsu;fs; kj;jpapy; Kk;nkhopg; ghtidia Nkk;gLj;JtjD}lhf rpwe;j mur Nritia ehk; rpU\;bf;f KbAk;.

r%fk; tpopg;ghf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;

gP. ];fe;jFkhu;
rpNu\;l Ma;thsu; rl;lKk; r%fKk; ek;gpf;if epjpak; nkhop cupik vd;gJ mbg;gil cupikfSk; kdpj cupikfSkhFk;. ,t;Tupik kPwy; njhlu;ghf nghWg;Gf; $w Ntz;baJ ahu;? jPtpug; Nghf;Fila czu;tw;w mjpfhupfsh? my;yJ Mw;wy; kw;Wk; tsg;gw;whf;Fiw nfhz;l epWtdq;fsh? my;yJ epWtd uPjpahdJk; fl;likg;G uPjpahdJkhd r%fg; gpur;rpidah? gpur;rpid vd;dntd fz;lwpe;j gpd;du; epthuzk; ngWtjw;F vq;F nry;y Ntz;Lk;? cupik kPwy; fhuzkhf ghjpf;fg;gl;Nlhu; epthuzj;jpw;fhfr; nry;yf;$ba ,lk; kw;Wk; Kiwg;ghl;il Kd; itg;gjw;fhd xU nghwpKiw ,Ug;gjdhy; ehk; mjpu;\;lrhypfs; vd;Nw $w Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy;> mJ vk;ik mLj;j Kf;fpa gpur;rpidia Nehf;fp ,l;Lr; nry;fpd;wJ. jkpo; nkhop NgRNthUf;F ,t;Tupikfs; cz;nld Ml;rpahsu;fs; Vw;Wf;nfhz;lhYk; mtw;iw Vd; mKyhf;FtJ ,y;iy? mNj rkak; ghjpf;fg;gl;Nlhu; Vd; ePjp Nfhupr; nry;tJ ,y;iy? ,J ntw;wplj;jpy; ,Ue;J nkhop cupikia Nehf;FtJ %yk; khj;jpuk; jPu;f;f Kbahj ghupa gpur;rpidahFk;. rptpy; r%fj;jpd; fhty; ehahf tpopg;Gzu;Tld; nraw;gLtJk; Fuyw;wtu;fspd; Fuyhf nraw;gLtJk; ,jw;fhd xNu gupfhukhFk; vd ehd; ek;Gfpd;Nwd;.

8
nkhop cupikfs; kPwg;gLtjhy; ,yq;ifg; gpui[fs; vjpu;Nehf;Fk; ghuJ} ukhd gpur;rpidfs; Rw;wwpf;iffspd; %yk; khj;jpuk; jPu;f;f KbahJ. Mdhy;> ,t;thNwDk; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;l eltbf;iffs; cupa Kiwapy; nray;glhik ghuJ}ukhd Jujpu;\;lkhFk; vd nkhop cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd kf;fs; fye;Jiuahlypy; ciuahw;Wk; NghJ rl;lj;juzp v];.[P. GQ;rpN`th Fwpg;gpl;lhu;. kdpj cupikfis epidT$UKfkhf nfhOk;G kfhtyp Nfe;jpu epiyaj;jpy; eilngw;w fye;Jiuahlypy; rl;lj;juzp v];.[P.GQ;rpN`th Nkw;gbf; fUj;Jf;fis ntspapl;lhu;. mtu; jdJ fUj;Jf;fis cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf fle;j Mz;L ,Wjpg; gFjpapy; mk;ghiw> tTdpah> jpUNfhzkiy> kl;lf;fsg;G kw;Wk; kd;dhu; khtl;lq;fspy; nkhop cupik mKyhf;fk; gw;wp khw;Wf;nfhs;iffSf;fhd epiyaj;jpd; top elj;jypd; fPo; Nkw;nfhz;l Ma;tpy; fz;lwpe;jtw;iwg; gpd;tUkhW vLj;Jf;$wpdhu;. tTdpah khtl;lj;jpy; Kd;itf;fg;gl;l fUj;Jf;fs;: nghyp]; epiyaq;fspy; jkpo; gpui[fs; Kd;itf;Fk; Kiwg;ghLfs; thf;F%yq;fs; rpq;fs nkhopapy; gjpTnra;ag;gl;L Kiwg;ghl;lhsupd; ifnaOj;ijg; ngWjy; efu rig cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; jkpo; gpui[fSld; njhlu;Gnfhs;Sk; NghJk; rpq;fs nkhopiag; gad;gLj;Jjy; nfhOk;gpypUe;J fpilf;Fk; fbjq;fs; jkpo; gpui[fSf;F rpq;fs nkhopapNyNa fpilf;fpd;wd. tlf;F fpof;F khfhz rigfspy; ,Ue;J fpilf;Fk; fbjq;fs; rpq;fsg; gpui[fSf;F jkpopy; khj;jpuk; fpilf;fpd;wd. khfhzf; fy;tp mYtyfq;fSf;F nfhOk;gpypUe;J fpilf;Fk; fbjq;fs; rpq;fsj;jpy; khj;jpuNk te;jilfpd;wd. khfhzf; fy;tp mYtyfq;fs; ngWk; fbjq;fSk; rpq;fsj;jpNyNa fpilf;fpd;wd. rpy fy;tp mYtyfq;fspy; rpq;fs cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; jkpo; nrhw;fisj; jpupj;J gad;gLj;Jjy;. fy;tp mYtyfk; vd;gjw;Fg; gjpyhf gpioahfj; jkpopy; vOJjy; (fy;tp mYtyfk; jkpo; nkhopapNy fytp mYtyfkhf vOjg;gl;Ls;sJ) mur itj;jparhiyfspy; mjpf mstpy; rpq;fs itj;jpau;fSk; jhjpkhUk; gzpahw;Wfpd;wdu;. ,jdhy; jkpo; nkhop khj;jpuk; njupe;j gpui[fs; ghupa f\;lq;fis vjpu;Nehf;fpAs;sdu;. Nrhjidr; rhtbfspy; jkpo; gpui[fs; rpq;fsj;jpNyNa tprhupf;fg;gLfpd;wdu;. tlf;F fpof;F mur epWtdq;fs; rpq;fsg; gpui[fSf;F jkpo; nkhopapy; fbjq;fis mDg;gp itj;jy; tPjpg; ngau;g; gyiffs; mNefkhf jkpo; nkhopapy; khj;jpuk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. tTdpahtpypUe;J nfhOk;G Nehf;fp

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

nkhop cupikfis N nghJ kf;fspd; fye Rw;wwpf;iffspd; %yk; khj;jpuk; nkhopg; gpur;rpidiaj; jPu;f;f KbahJ
rl;lj;juzp v];.[P.GQ;rpN`th
jpUj;jq;fis cs;slf;fpa jpUj;jpa gjpg;G gpuRukhftpy;iy. 1971 ,d; jkpo; jhgdf;Nfhitf;F mika ntspehl;Lf;fhd mur Copau;fspd; mjp cr;r tpLKiwf; fhyk; 3 khjq;fshFk;. Mdhy; 1985 ,d; jpUj;jpa rpq;fsg; gjpg;gpw;F mika ntspehLfSf;fhd tpLKiwf;fhyk; 6 khjq;fshFk; ,t;thwhd gy Gjpa jpUj;jq;fs; jkpo; nkhopapy; fpilahJ. nghJ 141 vd;w itj;jpa mwpf;ifg; gbtk; rpq;fs nkhopapy; khj;jpuNk ,Uf;fpd;wJ. kj;jpa mur mikr;Rf;fspd; Rw;wwpf;iffs; rpq;fs nkhop %yk; khj;jpuNk ntspaplg;gLfpd;wd. ghtidg; nghUl;fspDila Nygy;fspy; ngUk;ghyhdit Mq;fpyj;jpNyNa ,Uf;fpd;wd. kpd;trjp ngw;Wf;nfhs;sr; nrd;w NghJ jkpo; gbtk; khj;jpuNk toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. rpy gpuNjrq;fspy; rpq;fsg; gbtq;fs; khj;jpuNk toq;fg;gLfpd;wd. tTdpah kd;dhu; Nghd;w gpuNjrq;fspy; $l rdj;njhif kw;Wk; Gs;sptpguj; jpizf;fsg; gapw;rpfs; rpq;fsj;jpy; khj;jpuNk ,lk;ngWfpwJ. jkJ ciuapd; ,Wjpapy; gq;Fgw;wpNahUf;F rpy gz Nehl;Lf;fs; tpepNahfpf;fg;gl;ld. mtw;wpy; ',yq;if murhq;fj;jpd; rhu;gpy; ntspaplg;gLk; ,g;gz Nehl;L ,yq;iff;Fs; ve;jnthU epjpiaAk; nrYj;Jtjw;Fr; rl;lg+u;tkhfr; nry;YgbahFk;". vd;w thrfk; midtuJ ftdj;jpw;Fk; nfhz;Ltug;gl;lJ. ,t;thrfk; jkpo; nkhopapy;mr;rplg;gltpy;iy. 2010k; Mz;L nkhop cupikfis mq;fPfupj;J ntspaplg;gl;l gy Rw;wwpf;iffSf;Fg; gpd;du; ,g;gz Nehl;Lf;fs; ntspaplg;gl;bUe;jd. ,g;gz Nehl;Lf;fspy; epjp mikr;ru; vd;w tifapy; [dhjpgjpAk; kj;jpa tq;fp MSeUk; ifnaOj;jpl;bUe;jdu;. vdNt> mtu;fs; ,aw;wpa rl;ljpl;lq;fis mtu;fNs kPWtijj; jhd; ,g;gz Nehl;Lf;fs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd vdf; $wp jdJ ciuia epiwT nra;jhu;.

gazpf;Fk; g]; tz;bfspy; NrUk; ,lk; rpq;fs nkhopapy; khj;jpuk; fhl;rpg;gLj;jg;gLjy; tq;fp eltbf;iffs; rpq;fsj;jpYk; Mq;fpyj;jpYk; khj;jpuk; ,lk;ngWjy; 'rpR cjhd"> ',RW cjhd" vd;gtw;wpw;Fr; rkkhd jkpo; gjq;fs; Fwpg;gplg;gltpy;iy) XU Nrhjidr; rhtbapy; 'epWj;Jq;fs;' vd;W rpq;fsj;jpy; vOjg;gl;l NghjpYk; mNj rkak; jkpopy; 'epWj;J' vd;W vOjg;gl;bUe;jJ. fY gz;lh vd;w rpq;fsg; ngau; fUg;G gz;lh vd nkhopngau;f;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. xU thfdj;ij tpiyf;F thq;fr; nry;ifapy; $l nkhopngau;g;ghsupd; Jiz Njitg;gl;lJ. mt;thwpy;iynadpy; jfty;fisg; gupkhw Kbahj epiy nkhopg; gpur;rpid fhuzkhf xNu gpwg;Gr; rhd;wpjo; gj;jpuj;ijAk; milahs ml;iliaAk; 3 Kiw ngw Ntz;bapUe;jJ. Nghf;Ftuj;Jj; Jiw nghyp]; cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; Nghf;Ftuj;Jr; rl;lq;fis kPWifapy; toq;Fk; Mtzq;fs; rpq;fs nkhopapy; khj;jpuk; fhzg;gLjy;. gzk; mwtpLk; itj;jparhiyfspd; itj;jpau;fs; mNefkhf rpq;fs nkhopiaNa gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdu;. mdu;j;j Kfhikj;Jtk; njhlu;ghf khtl;l murhq;f mjpgiur; re;jpj;J fye;JiuahLifapy; murhq;f mjpgu; jkpo; nkhopia mwpahj epiyapYk; tUif je;Njhu; rpq;fs nkhopia khj;jpuk; mwpe;j epiyapYk; Mq;fpy nkhop mwpT cz;lh vd gpuNjrr; nrayhsu; tpdtpAs;shu;. mk;ghiw khtl;;lj;jpy; jkpo;

Mrpupau;fSf;F Mrpupa MNyhrid E}y; rpq;fs nkhopapNyNa mDg;gg;gl;Ls;sJ. mNj rkak; nkhopngau;g;Gr; Nrit jhkjpj;Nj fpilf;fpd;wJ. gapw;wg;gl;l rpq;fs jkpo; Mrpupau;fs; ,k;khtl;lq;fspy; kpff; Fiwe;j mstpNyNa Nritapy; <LgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sdu;. tpQ;Qhdk; njhlu;ghd tpdhg; gj;jpuk; rpq;fsj;jpYk; jkpopYk; rupahfj; jahupf;fg;gl;bUe;jd. Mdhy; fy;tp ntspaPl;Lj; jpizf;fsk; ntspapl;l rpq;fs nkhop %y tpQ;Qhd E}Yf;Fk; jkpo; nkhop %y tpQ;Qhd E}Yf;Fk; ,ilNa ghupa tpj;jpahrk; fhzg;gl;ld. Njrpa fy;tp epWtfj;jpd; gpuRuq;fs; NghjpasT jkpo; nkhopapy; fpilg;gjpy;iy. my;yJ kpfj; jhkjpj;Nj fpilf;fpd;wd. nfhOk;Gg; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; Copau; fy;tpg; ghlnewpfs; rpq;fs nkhopapy; khj;jpuk; tpepNahfpj;jy;. jkpo; guPl;rhu;j;jpfSf;fhd tpz;zg;gg; gbtk; rpq;fs nkhopapNyNa tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. fpof;F khfhzj;jpd; jkpo; gpui[fSf;F ePjpkd;w miog;ghid rpq;fsj;jpNyNa fpilf;fpd;wJ. ePjpkd;w eltbf;iffs; rpq;fsj;jpy; my;yJ Mq;fpyj;jpNa ,lk;ngWfpd;wd. mur epjpg; gpukhzq;fs; jhgdf;Nfhit Mfpa E}y;fspd; Gjpa gjpg;G jkpopy; ntspaplg;gltpy;iy. 1971y; jhgdf;Nfhit rpq;fsj;jpYk; jkpopYk; gpuRupf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. 1985 y; jhgdf;Nfhitapy; gy jpUj;jq;fs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;L rpq;fs nkhopapy; Gjpa jhgdf;Nfhit gpuRukhfpAs;sJ. jkpo; nkhopapy; 1985 y; ntspahd

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

9
eltbf;iffSk; rpq;fs nkhopapy; khj;jpuNk ,lk;ngWfpd;wd vd;W fpwp];jt kjj; jiytu; xUtu; Kiwg;ghL nra;jpUe;jhu;. fle;j thuk; jkpo; nkhopapYk; Kiwg;ghLfs; gjpT nra;ag;gLtjhf mtu; Fwpg;gpl;bUe;jhu;. ,J kpf nkJthfNt ,lk;ngWfpwJ. Mdhy; xU khw;wk; ,lk;ngw;W tUfpd;wJ. Mik Ntfj;jpy; ehk; nry;tjd; %yk; cupa gaid mila KbahJ. ,yq;ifapy; jkpo; kw;Wk; rpq;fs nkhop Mfpa ,uz;ilAk; mKy;gLj;j Kbahtpl;lhy; vy;yh ,lq;fspYk; xU ,ilntspiaj; jhd; ehk; fhz KbfpwJ my;yJ xU Kuz;ghl;L epiy Vw;gLk;. gpur;rpidfisg; gw;wp rupahd jfty;fs; fpilj;jhy; ehk; cupa eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;s KbAk;. rpy re;ju;g;gq;fspy; tpidj;jpwd; gw;wpa xU gpur;rpidAk; Kuz;ghLfs; gw;wpa gpur;rpidAk; cz;L. xU Njrj;ij ehk; fl;bnaOg;Gtjhf ,Ue;jhy; ,q;F thOk; midj;J Njrpa ,dq;fSk; ,J vkJ ehL vd;w czu;it Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. nkhopia mwpfpNwhkh ,y;iyah vd;gjy;y gpur;rpid. me;j nkhopf;F ehk; cupa mq;fPfhuj;ijAk; nfsutj;ijAk; toqFfpd;Nwhkh vd;gJ jhd; cz;ikahd gpur;rpid. ehk; rkj;Jtj;ij toq;fj; jahuh ,y;iyah vd;gJ jhd; gpur;rpid. nkhop cupik gw;wp gpioahd fz;Nzhl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; mwpahik vd;gtw;wpy; ,Ue;J ehk; tpLgl Ntz;Lk;. vjpu;g;G kdg;ghq;Ffs; Kuz;ghLfs; vk;kj;jpapy; cs;sd. MfNt ,tw;wpw;F ehk; cupa rpfpr;ir toq;f Ntz;Lk;. ePq;fSk; ehKk; ,ize;J nkhopr; rq;fq;fis cUthf;fpf;nfhz;L tUfpNwhk;. nkhopr; rq;f ,af;fj;ij ehk; ,yq;ifapy; ehk; Nt&d;wr; nra;jhy; nkhop cupik gw;wpa mwpit vy;NyhUk; ngwf;$bajhf ,Uf;Fk;. nkhop cupik kPwg;gLk; re;ju;g;gq;fs; gw;wpa jfty;fis vkf;Fj; jhUq;fs;. ehk; mtw;wpw;Fr; rpfpr;ir nra;Nthk;. nghJ kf;fs; Xu; mur mYtyfj;jpw;Fr; nry;fpd;w NghJ mtu;fSf;F nkhop uPjpahf gpur;rpid Vw;glhJ ,Uf;Fk; tifapy; nkhopf; fUk gPlq;fis xt;nthU khtl;lk; NjhWk; cUthf;f cj;Njrpj;Js;Nshk;. Fwpg;ghf ,U nkhopfisAk; eilKiwg;gLj;j Ntz;ba gpuNjrr; nrayfg; gpupTfspy; Kjypy; ehk; ,e; eltbf;iffis Kd;ndLg;Nghk;. ,tw;iw mKy;gLj;Jfpd;w NghJk; gy gpur;rpidfs; voyhk;. Mdhy; tlf;F fpof;F kiyafk; cl;gl Vida ,Unkhopg; gpuNjrq;fis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L ,e;epfor;rpj;jpl;lj;ij Muk;gpg;gjw;F ehk; eltbf;if vLg;Nghk;. ehk; mwpt+l;ly; epfo;r;rpfis elj;Jfpd;Nwhk;. mwpt+l;ly; epfo;r;rpfspd; mstpw;F midj;Jk; epiwNtwg; Nghtjpy;iy. ehk; xU Fwpf;NfhSf;F Kd;Dupik toq;fp Muk;gpg;Nghk;. vkJ eltbf;iffis kpfg; gue;j mstpy; mKy;gLj;Jtjw;F ehk; ifNfhu;j;J nraw;gLNthk;. ,J gw;wp Mu;tk; nrYj;Jk; midj;J mikg;Gf;fSf;Fk; vk;NkhL xd;wpizAkhW Ntz;Lfpd;Nwhk;.

Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd e;jhNyhridf; $l;lk;

ehk; mwpt+l;ly; epfo;r;rpfis elj;Jfpd;Nwhk;. mwpt+l;ly; epfo;r;rpfspd; mstpw;F midj;Jk; epiwNtwg; Nghtjpy;iy. ehk; xU Fwpf;NfhSf;F Kd;Dupik toq;fp Muk;gpg;Nghk;. vkJ eltbf;iffis kpfg; gue;j mstpy; mKy;gLj;Jtjw;F ehk; ifNfhu;j;J nraw;gLNthk;. ,J gw;wp Mu;tk; nrYj;Jk; midj;J mikg;Gf;fSf;Fk; vk;NkhL xd;wpizAkhW Ntz;Lfpd;Nwhk;.

khw;wk; nkJthf epfo;fpwJ

mikr;ru; thRNjt ehzaf;fhu
fle;j kdpj cupikfs; jpdj;ij epidT$UKfkhf xOq;Fnra;ag;gl;bUe;j nkhop cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd kf;fs; fye;Jiuahlypd; NghJ Njrpa nkhopfs; kw;Wk; r%f xUikg;ghl;L mikr;ru; thRNjt ehzaf;fhu mtu;fs; Kd;itj;j fUj;Jf;fs;.
xU Gjpa E}iyAk; jahupj;J ntspapl;Nlhk;. md;whlk; nghyp]; epiyaj;jpw;F Kiwg;ghL nra;a tUk; gpui[fspd; Njitia eptu;j;jp nra;AKfkhf ,g;Gj;jfj;jpy; rpq;fsk; - jkpo; - Mq;fpyk; Mfpa Kk;nkhopfspYk; rk;gh\ idfs; cs;slf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. nghyp]; jpizf;fsj;jpw;F jkpo; nkhop Ngrf;$ba NkYk; gyu; Nru;j;Jf;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,J xU fl;lha eltbf;ifahFk;. ePz;lfhykhf ehk; xU Aj;jj;ij vjpu;Nehf;fpNdhk;. mf;fhyfl;lj;jpy; Aj;jj;jpw;Fj; Njitahd nghUl;fisj; NjbNdhNk xopa mur fUk nkhopf;nfhs;ifia mKy;gj;Jtijapl;L Nahrpf;ftpy;iy. murhq;fk; mur fUk nkhopf;nfhs;ifiaapl;L mt;tsthf myl;bf;nfhs;sTk; ,y;iy. Aj;jk; ,lk;ngw;w fhyj;jpy; ,d tpfpjhrhuj;jpw;F mika Ml;Nru;g;G ,lk;ngwtpy;iy. mikr;Rf;fSk; jpizf;fsq;fSk; nraw;gl;l NghjpYk; xl;Lnkhj;jkhd gpur;rpidf;F jPu;TfhZk; tifapy; eltbf;if Nkw;nfhs;sg;gltpy;iy. Aj;jk; ,lk;ngw;w fhyfl;lj;jpy; jkpo; nkhopg; gpur;rpid gpd;js;sg;gl;lJ. vdNt> ,r;rthiy vjpu;Nehf;Ftjw;F mtrpakhd eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gltpy;iy. jkpo; NgRk; kf;fs; jkJ nkhopapy; muRld; njhlu;ghlr; nra;tjw;F mtu;fSf;F cupik cz;L vd;gij rpq;fs kf;fs; kj;jpapy; XusT czu;j;jg;gl;lJ. Mdhy; xU jPu;itf; fhz;gjw;F rpq;fs kj;jpapy; cld;ghL fhz Kbatpy;iy. jkpo; kf;fs; ngUk;ghd;ikapduhf thOk; khfhzq;fspy; mur Mtzq;fs; jkpo; nkhopapy; fhzg;glhik ghupa gpur;rpidahFk;. nfhOk;gpy; ,Ue;J tlf;F fpof;F khfhzq;fSf;F mDg;gp itf;fg;gl;l gbtq;fs; jkpo; nkhopapy; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. ,J xU nghJthd Fw;wr;rhl;lhFk;. vjpu;fhyj;jpy; ,Nj jtW epfo;fpd;wJ vd;w Kiwg;ghLfs; vkf;Ff; fpilj;jhy; cldbahf eltbf;if vLg;Nghk;. ,J njhlu;ghd Ma;T eltbf;iffs; Muk;g fl;lj;jpNyNa cs;sd. ,J njhlu;ghf vkf;fpUf;Fk; Mw;wy; kpff; FiwT ,yq;if g+uhTk; cs;s epiyikia Ma;T nra;jjw;F ehk; Ma;thsu;fis epakpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,t; Ma;Tfis gFg;gha;T nra;J cupa rpfpr;irfis ehk; Nkw;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. vdNt gy;NtW Kaw;rpfspy; ehk; <LglNtz;Lk;. cjhuzkhf ,yq;if E}jdrhiyapy; jkpo; nkhopapy; fUkkhw;wf;$ba xU topfhl;b ,y;iy. ,J vd;Dila mikr;Rf;Fg; nghWg;ghd xU tplak; my;y vdpDk; ,J Fwpj;J ehd; eltbf;if vLj;J tUfpNwd;. ,J Kf;fpakhd xU Nfe;jpu ];jhdk; vd;w fhuzj;jpdhy; ,jid ehk; Gwf;fzpf;f KbahJ. Mdhy; mur epWtdq;fspd; tpidj;jpwd; ,y;yhj fhuzj;jpdhy; ,e;j eltbf;iffs; njhlu;e;Jk; gpw;Nghlg;gLfpd;wd. tlf;F fpof;F khfhzq;fSf;F cs;@uhl;rp njhlu;ghf mDg;gg;gLk; Mtzq;fs; njhlu;e;Jk; kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpdhy; rpq;fs nkhopapNyNa mDg;gg;gLfpd;wd. nghyp]; epiyaq;fs; rpq;fs nkhopapNyNa nraw;gLfpd;wd. ,J nghJthd xU epiyik Mdhy; rpy ,lq;fspy; ,g;nghJthd epiyikapy; khw;wk; Vw;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. cjhuzkhf kd;dhu; khtl;lj;ijr; rhu;e;j nghyp]; epiyaq;fspy; rfy

nkhopg;gpur;rpid ,yq;if vjpu;Nehf;fpAs;s ePz;lfhyg; gpur;rpidahFk;. fdlh Njrj;ij vLj;Jf;nfhz;lhy; $l 40 Mz;Lfshf ,g;gpur;rpid mq;F vjpu;nfhs;sNtz;bapUe;jJ. ,uz;L %d;W nkhopfisg; NgRk; kf;fs; cs;s xU ehl;by;> Njrpa nkhop> mur fUk nkhop> gpuhe;jpa nkhop. ,izg;G nkhop vd;w tifapy; gy nkhopfis fw;f Ntz;ba epiy Vw;gLk;. ,yq;ifapy; gpuhe;jpaq;fs; fpilahJ. ,q;F gy eltbf;iffSf;fhd tifg;nghWg;ig kj;jpa murhq;fNk Vw;fpd;wJ. kj;jpa murhq;fj;jpd; eltbf;iffspd; NghJ ,U nkhopfspy; mit ,lk;ngw Ntz;Lk;. mg;NghJ fdlhtpy; ,y;yhj ey;yk;rk; ,yq;ifapy; ,Uf;fpd;wJ vd;W $wyhk;. gpuhe;jpag; gz;Gfs; ,yq;ifapy; ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; khfhz rigfs; ,U nkhopfspYk; gzpahw;w Ntz;Lk;. mJ vkJ ehl;bd; rl;lkhFk;. Mdhy;> ,J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glhik ehk; vjpu;Nehf;Fk; gpur;rpidahFk;. vdNt> mjid eilKiwg;gLj;JtNj vkJ nghWg;ghFk;. Muk;gj;jpy; nghyp]; jpizf;fsj;jpy; ,U nkhop NgRk; Mw;wy; nfhz;l cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; ,y;yhik xU gpur;rpidahf ,Ue;jJ. Gjpjhf Ml;Nru;f;Fk; NghJ ,U nkhopfisg; Ngrf;$ba cj;jpNahfj;ju;fis nghyp]; Nritapy; Nru;j;Jf;nfhz;Nlhk;. mNj rkak; nghyprhupd; ,U nkhop Mw;wiy tpUj;jp nra;tjw;fhf

10

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

mKyhf;fg;gLtjw;fhd gzpg;Giufs; my;yJ Rw;wwpf;iffs; kPwg;gLifapy; IV. murpayikg;gpy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; nkhop gw;wpa Vw;ghLfspy; Fwpg;gplg;gLk; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs; kjpf;fg;gLtjpy;iy my;yJ ,zq;fpnahOfg;gltpy;iynad ntspf;fhl;Lfpd;wtplj;J Nkw;$wpa eltbf;if fhuzkhf mePjp ,iof;fg;gLk; MnshUtu;> FO my;yJ ,J gw;wp Mu;tk; nrYj;Jk; mikg;G Mizf;FOtpw;F Kiwg;ghL nra;a KbAk;> ,k;Kiwg;ghL Xu; me;juq;fkhd MtzkhfNt Mizf;FO fUJk;. Kiwg;ghl;lhsupd; Kd; mDkjp ,d;wp mtuJ milask; gfpuq;fg;gLj;jg;gl khl;lhJ. Kiwg;ghLfspd; tprhuiz topKiw I. Kiwg;ghl;il tprhuiz nra;tjh ,y;iyah vdj; jPu;khdpj;jy; II. vjpu;thjpj; jug;gpdUf;F mwptpj;jy; III. vjpu;thjpj; jug;gpdupd; Jyq;fisg; ngwy; IV. rhl;rpf;fhuu;fis mioj;J Gydha;T nra;jy; V. gupe;Jiufis ntspapLjy; (120 ehl;fSf;Fs;) Mizf;FOtplk; cs;s Gydha;Tj; jj;Jtq;fs; I. rhl;rpf;fhuu;;fis mioj;jy; II. rhd;whjhuq;fSf;Fj; Njitahd Mtzq;fisg; ngwy; III. rj;jpag; gpukhzj;jpd; fPo; vOj;J%y my;yJ tha;nkhop %y rhl;rpfisg; ngwy; IV. NtW ePjpkd;wq;fspy; rhd;whjhuq;fshf Vw;fhjitAk; Vw;gjw;fhd jw;WzpG V. VNjDk; gfpuq;f epWtdj;jpd; tsTfspy; Gydha;T elhj;jg;gLk;. Nkw;gb jj;Jtq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp Mizf;FO 60 ehl;fSf;Fs; Gydha;T mwpf;ifiar; rku;;g;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. jtpu;f;f Kbahj fhuzq;fspdhy; 60 ehl;fSf;Fs; mwpf;ifia rku;g;gpf;f KbahJtpbd; ,ilf;fhy mwpf;ifiar; rku;g;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,j;jifa #oypy; 120 ehl;fSf;Fs; fl;lhakhf mwpf;if rku;g;gpf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. Gydha;tpd; NghJ cupik kPwy; fz;Lgpbf;fg;gl;lhy; Nkw;gb cupik kPwYf;Fg; nghWg;ghd epWtdk; jdJ gzpg;Giufis epWj;j Ntz;Lk;. nkhop cupik kPwg;gLtjw;Ff; fhuzkhd eltbf;ifia epWj;j Ntz;Lk;. Nkw;gb gupe;Jiufis epWtdj; jiytUf;F mwpf;if %yk; gupe;Jiufisr; rku;g;gpj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. gupe;Jiufspd; jFjptha;e;j jd;ik gfpuq;f epWtdj; jiytUf;F gupe;Jiu toq;fg;gl;L njhz;Z} W ehl;fSf;Fs; gupe;Jiu mKy;gLj;jhj gl;rj;jpy;> Nkw;gb gupe;Jiufis mKyhf;ff; Nfhup kfhz Nky;ePjpkd;wj;jpy; mur fUk MizahsNuh my;yJ Kiwg;ghl;lhsNuh tpz;zg;gpf;fyhk;. Mizf;FO Kiwg;ghl;il epuhfupj;jhNyh my;yJ Kiwg;ghL rku;g;gpj;J 120 ehl;fSf;Fs; Mizf;FO mwpf;ifnahd;iw toq;fhj gl;rj;jpy; Nkw;gb Kiwg;ghl;il cr;r ePjp kd;wj;jpw;Fr; rku;g;gpf;fyhk;. Mizf;FOtpd; tpNrl jj;Jtq;fs; Mizf;FOtpd; newpg;gLj;jypd; fPo; xU rk;gtk; njhlu;ghd Gydha;itr; nra;a KbAk; mNj rkak; ,r; rl;lj;jpd; 28 Mk; thrfj;jpd; fPo; Xu; mYtyUf;F rl;lj;jhy; nfhz;L elhj;Jk;gb gzpg;Giu tpLf;fg;gl;Ls;s nkhop %yk; eltbf;if vLf;fj; jtWk; gl;rj;jpy; mt;tYtyUf;F vjpuhf ePjthd; ePjpkd;wj;jpy; tof;Fj; njhlu KbAk;. Mizf;FOtpd; tplag;gug;gpw;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;l epWtdq;fs; rl;lj;jpy; Fwpg;gpl;lthW gfpuq;f epWtdk; xd;/w nkhop cupikia kPWfpd;wNghJ Mizf;FO Gydha;T nra;a KbAk;. vdNT gfpuq;f epWtdq;fshff; fUjg;gLgit gpd;tUkhW: mikr;Rf;fSk; jpizf;fsq;fSk; nghJf;$l;Lj;jhgdq;fSk; epajpr; rl;l epWtdq;fSk; khfhz rigfSk; cs;@uhl;rp mjpfhu rigfSk; muRf;Fupj;jhd fk;gdpfs; kw;Wk; njhopy; Kaw;rpfs; nkhop cupik kPwg;gLtJ njhlu;ghf Kiwg;ghL nra;a Ntz;ba KftupAk; njhiyNgrp ,yf;fKk; fPNo jug;gl;Ls;sJ. jtprhsu;. mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FO 4Mk; khb> gh\h ke;jpua> 341{7> Nfhl;Nl tPjp> ,uh[fpupa. njhiyNgrp : 011-2871378

nkhop cupik kPwg;gLifapy; epthuzk; ngWtJ vt;thW?

- mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FO
nkhop cupik kPwg;gLifapy; epthuzk; ngWtjw;fhf ,yq;ifapy; mikf; f g; g l; L s; s nghwpKiw ahJ vd; g ij tpsf; F k; fl; L iuj; njhFjpnahd;iw ehk; fle;j nra;jp klypy; Muk;gpj;Njhk;. ,yq;if kdpj cupikfs; Mizf;FO gw;wp fle;j ,jopy; ehk; tptuq;fisj; njspTgLj;jpNdhk;.,t;tpjopy; mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FO gw;wpa mwpKfj;ijr; nra;fpd;Nwhk;. gpui[fspd; cupikfs; kP w g; g Lifapy; ,e; e pyikiaj; jpUj; j pf; n fhs; t jw; f hf gpui[fspd; jiyaP L mj; j pahtrpakhFk; . ,j;jifa jiyaPLfis gpugy;akhf;Ftjw;F gpui[fs; ,tw;iwapl;L mwpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j Nehf;fj;JlNdNa ,f;fl;Liuj; njhFjpiag; gpuRupf;fpd;Nwhk;.

1991 ,d; 18 Mk; ,yf;fr; rl;lj;jpd; %yk; nkhopfs; Mizf;FO mikf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ ,t;thizf; FOtpd; nrayhsuhf cj;jpNahfg+u;t uPjpapy; mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FOtpd; Mizahsu; epakdk; ngWthu; vdr; rl;lk; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ. mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FO mikf;fg;gl;ljd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fs; 1. mur fUk nkhopfspd; cgNahfk; njhlu;gpyhd nfhs;if newpfis gupe;Jiuj;jy;> mj;Jld; murpayikg;gpd; 4Mk; mj;jpahaj;jpYs;s (mur fUk nkhopfs;) Vw;ghLfSld; ,ire;njhOFtijf; fz;fhzpj;jYk; Nkw;ghu;it nra;jYk; 2. mur fUk nkhopfs; ed;F kjpf;fg;gLjiy Nkk;gLj;JtJld;> mtw;wpd; me;j];J> rkj;Jtk;> cgNahf cupik vd;gd Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gLjiy> Ngzg;gLjiy Nkk;gLj;jy;. 3. vitNaDk; Kiwg;ghLfspypUe;Jk; Gydha;Tfisr; nra;tNjhL ,r; rl;lj;jpd; Vw;ghLfspdhy; Vw;ghL nra;ag;gl;Ls;sthwhd Fiw jPu;g;G eltbf;ifia vLj;jy;

mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FOtpd; jj;Jtq;fs; I. rpq;fsk; - jkpo; - Mq;fpyk; Mfpa nkhopfspd; me;j];ij ghjpf;ff;$ba vitNaDk; xOq;F tpjpfs; gzpg;Giufs;> my;yJ epu;thf eilKiwfs; vd;gdtw;wpd; kPsha;tpid Muk;gpj;jy;. II. Nkw;gb nkhopfspd; ghtid njhlu;ghd Ma;Tfis my;yJ nfhs;ifg; gj;jpuq;fis ntspapLjy;. III. nghJf; fy;tpr; nraw;ghLfisg; nghWg;Ngw;W elhj;Jjy; IV. Mizf;FOtpd; jj;Jtq;fis mKyhf;Ftjw;F mtrpakhd vy;yhf; fUkq;fisAk; nra;jy; Mizf;FOtpw;F Kiwg;ghLfs; nra;af;$ba re;ju;g;gq;fs; I. mur fUk nkhopnahd;wpd; me;j];J Vw;wq;fPfupf;fg;gltpy;iy vd;gij ntspf;fhl;Lfpd;w tplj;J II. mur fUk nkhopf;nfhs;iffSf;Nfw;g nkhopg;ghtid ,lk;ngwhj NghJ III. mur fUk nkhop

Fwpg;G: rl;lj;juzp [fj; ypadMuhr;rp (vy;.vy;.gP)

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

,yq;ifapy; nkhopf;nfhs;ifia Ma;T nra;ifapy; mtjhdpf;f Ntz;ba Kf;fpakhd jiyg;G mjw;Fupa tuyhwhFk; fhydpj;Jt Ml;rp Kjy; ,yq;ifapd; nkhopf; nfhs;if tuyhW vt;thW mike;jJ vd Muha;e;j fl;Liuj; njhFjpapd; ,Wjpf; fl;Liu ,JthFk

11

fz;b cld;gbf;if (1815 khu;r; 2)

njhlh;e;jd. cld;gbf;ifapy; fhzg;gl;l NtW tplaq;fNshL Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l epiyikfs; njhlu;e;jd. ,tw;iwg; nghJkf;fs; kpf tpUg;gj;Jld; Vw;Wf; nfhz;ldu; vd;gjpy; re;Njfk; ,y;iy. kpff; nfh^ukhd jz;lid Kiwfs; ePf;fg;gl;lik Fwpj;J rhjhuz kf;fs; kfpo;r;rp mile;ejdu;. gpd;du; MSeupd; fl;lisf;F mika 1818.11.21 k; jpfjp tpLf;fg;gl;l fl;lisfSf;fpilNa epakdq;fspd; nghUl;L murhq;fj;jpw;Nfh my;yJ jiytu;fSf;F fl;lzk; nrYj;Jjy;> MSeUf;Fk; mjpfhupfSf;Fk; guprpy;fis toq;Fjy; jilnra;ag;gl;lJ. Mdhy;> murhq;fj;jpw;F ehdhtpj tupfs; nrYj;jg;gl;ld. ,e;j Ml;rp Kiwia kf;fs; tpUk;gpdhu;fs; vd;gijr; Rl;bf;fhl;lNt ,t;tplaq;fisf; Fwpg;gpl;Nlhk;. ,t;thwhf Nkw;gb Ml;rpia tpUk;Gifapy; ,dthj czu;Tfs; ntspg;gLj;jg;gltpy;iy. kdpju;fs; vd;w tifapy; Vw;gLj;jg;gl;l epk;kjpahd epiyikia kf;fs; Vw;W mq;fPfupj;jdu;. murd; cl;gl epyg;gpuGf;fspd; nfh^ukhd Ml;rp fhuzkhfNt kf;fs; XusT Mq;fpy Ml;rpia tpUk;gpdh;. ,j;jifa kf;fs; tpUk;gj;jf;f Ml;rpia Mq;fpNyau;fs; Mq;fpy nkhop %yNk elj;jpdu;. mtu;fs; kupahijf;F cl;gl;l mNjNtis Ml;rp nkhopf;Fk; mNj kupahij ,ay;ghfNt fpilj;jJ. ,d;Wk; epyTk; Mq;fpy nkhop kPjhd Nkhfk; ,t;thwhfNt Vw;gl;lJ. rpq;fs nkhopiaj; juf; Fiwthff; fUjTk;> mNj rkak; md;Wk; eilKiwapy; ,Ue;j jkpo; nkhopiaAk; juf; Fiwthff; fUJk; gof;fKk; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. md;iwa epiyikf;F mika kpfr; rpwe;j epiyik Vw;gl;lik Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg; gl;lhYk; ntspehl;L mbikj; jdj;Jf;Nf mJ toptFj;jJ. nkhop njhlu;ghf vkf;F Vw;gl;l gaDWjpaw;w tof;fq;fs; gpd;dh; tuyhW %yKk; cWjpahdJ.

md;Wk; ,d;Wk; nkhopf;nfhs;if

rl;lj;juzp v];.[P. GQ;rpN`th
,q;fpyhe;J murpd; rhu;gpy; MSeu; nuhgu;l; gpuTd;wpf;Fk; rpq;fsf; Fbkf;fspd; rhu;gpy; mjpfhuk;khu;fSk;> khtl;l mur mjpgu;fSk;> epyg; gpuGf;fSk; fz;b cld;gbf;ifapy; ifr;rhj;jpl;ldu;. ,t;Tld;gbf;iff;F mika mJtiu epytpa jz;lid Kiwfshd if> fhy;> fhJ vd;gtw;iw ntl;LjYk;> kuz jz;lidAk; ,y;yhnjhopf;fg;gl;ld. Mq;fpNyaupd; Ml;rp Vw;gl;lJ. gpuNjr epu;thfk; murhq;f mjpgu;fsplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;lJ. jiytu;fSf;Ff; fdk; gz;Zjy; mt;thNw ,Ue;j NghjpYk;> MSeu; cl;gl gpuGf;fs; Kd;dpiyapy; tpOe;J tzq;Fjy;> Koq;fhypy; epw;wy; vd;gd ,uj;Jr; nra;ag;gl;ld. Mdhy; xU jiytd; ghijapy; gazk; nra;Ak; NghJ VidNahu; ghijapy; xJq;fp kupahij nra;a Ntz;Lk;| jiytu; Kd;dpiyapy; jkJ Mrdq;fspy; ,Ue;J vOe;J kupahij nra;a Ntz;Lk;| vd;w epajpfs;

nkhopfisf; fhf;Fk; cyfg; Nghuhl;lk;

200 nkhopfs; fhzhkw; NghAs;sd. NkYk; 2500 nkhopfSf;F Mgj;J
'rpWghd;ik Njrpa ,dq;fspd; nkhop cupikfis cj;juthjk; nra;jy; vd;w nrhw;nwhliuapl;L vk;kj;jpapy; thOk; gyu; re;Njfj;JlNdNa Nehf;Ffpd;wdu;. rpWghd;ik ,dr; r%fq;fspd; ,j;jifa nkhopfis vjpu;fhyr; re;jjpapdUf;Fk; cupj;jhf;f Ntz;baJ kuGupikahFk;. ,jid And];Nfh Nghd;w ru;tNjr mikg;Gf;fs; khj;jpukpd;wp mj;jifa nkhop Ma;T eltbf;iffspy; <Lgl;Ls;sd fy;tpkhd;fSk; $Wfpd;wdu;. ept;fpdpahtpd; nkhopfs; njhlu;ghd fw;ifapy; <Lgl;l [aGu nrd;wthrp gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; gzpahw;Wk; NahNr/g; nthyp vd;w khDltpay; tpQ;Qhdp ,t;tplakhf ngWkjpahd Ma;itr; nra;J rpy fUj;Jf;fis mk;gyg;gLj;jpAs;shu;. ,j;jifa gy;tif nkhopfs; njhlu;ghf cyfj;jpy; mike;Js;s kpfr; rpwe;j nkhopfs; epiyak; vdf; fUjg;gLk; ept;fpdp gpuhe;jpak; gw;wp ftdk; nrYj;j Ntz;Lk;. gy RNjr nkhopfs; mopTf;Fs;shFk; miyfspy; rpf;fp cyfj;jpy; ,Ue;J mopit Nehf;fpr; nry;y Muk;gpj;Js;sd. ept;fpdp ehl;by; Rkhu; 1000 gy;tif nkhopfs; eilKiwapy; Gof;fj;jpy; ,Ug;gij ,e;j mwpQu; fz;Lgpbj;Js;shu;. ,J gw;wpa gy jfty;fis mtu; ntspapl;Ls;shu;. ,tw;Ws; 800 nkhopfs; gg;Gth ept;fpdpapy; toq;fp tUtNjhL vQ;rpa 200 nkhopfs; ,e;NjhNdrpahtpd; gg;Gth epAfpdpapy; mKypy; cs;sd. Mdhy; Jujpu;\;ltrkhf ,k;nkhopfisg; NgRNthupd; vz;zpf;if 10f;Fk; FiwT. ,tu;fspy; mjpfkhNdhu; kpff; f\;lg; gpuNjrq;fspy; mike;Js;s tdq;fis mz;ba fpuhkq;fspy; tho;fpd;wdu;. Nfhj;jpuq;fshf tdj;jpy; thOk; ,tu;fSf;fpilapy; gu];gu cwTfs; kpfkpff; FiwT. ,tu;fspy; ngUk;ghd;ikapdu; ,e;NjhNdrpa nkhopia gad;gLj;Jtjhf ,tu;fspd; nkhopg; ghtid gw;wp ftdk; nrYj;jpa Nahrg; rhsp $Wfpwhu;. kuG uPjpahd cs;ehl;L cg nkhopfis gad;gLj;Jk; nraw;ghL %j;j guk;giuapduhd xU rpyUf;F khj;jpuk; tiuaWf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

'gy nkhopfs; ,g;NghJ tof;nfhope;Jtpl;ld. Kwp]; nkhopNa ,tu;fsJ kuG uPjpahd nkhopahf mike;jpUe;jJ.Mdhy; 15 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;du; ,k;nkhop KOikahf ghtidapypUe;J ePq;fpaJ. Mdhy; Rkhu; 15 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;dNu ,k;nkhop KOikahf eilKiwapypUe;J tpyfpr; nrd;Ws;sJ." ,t;thwhf N[hrg; nthsP tpsf;Ffpd;whu;. KOikahf ntsp cyfpypUe;J tpyfpapUf;Fk; ,r; r%fk; xU jdpikahd tho;itNa elj;jp tUfpd;wJ. ,tu;fs; kj;jpapy; ',q;fh' nkhopNa [duQ;rfkhd nkhopahff; fUjg;gLfpd;wJ. gg;Gth epAfpdp ehl;bd; mjp cau; kiyfspy; thOk; gy Nfhj;jpuq;fspd; [duQ;rfkhd nkhop ',q;fh' nkhop MFk;.,tu;fspd; rdj;njhif Rkhu; 200>000 MFk;. ,e;NjhNdrpa nkhopiaj; jtpu Mq;fpy nkhop ,r;r%fj;jpy; ghupa nry;thf;ifr; nrYj;Jfpd;wJ. mtu;fSila kpf mz;kpj;j ehlhd mT];jpNuypah ghupa nry;thf;ifr; nrYj;jp tUfpd;wJ.

12k; gf;fk; ghu;f;f

12

tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

1 msgqfjka

mur fUk nkhopf;nfhs;ifia kPwy;.......

,jw;F Nkyjpfkhf> khw;Wf;nfhs;iffs; epiyak; nra;j Kiwg;ghLfs; gw;wp Nkw;nfhz;l eltbf;iffisg; gw;wp mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FO gpd;tUkhW mwptpj;Js;sJ. ,it gw;wp nkhopr; rq;fq;fs; njhlu; eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;Sk;.

khw;Wf;nfhs;iffs; epiyaj;jpd; Kiwg;ghLfs; gw;wp mur fUk nkhopfs; Mizf;FO Nkw;nfhz;Ls;s eltbf;iffs;
Kiwg;ghL
kl;lf;fsg;G rpNu\;l nghyp]; fz;fhzpg;ghsu; gpuptpy; rpy nghyp]; epiyaq;fspy; jkpo; nkhop NgRk; gpui[fspd; Kiwg;ghLfSk; $w;Wf;fSk; rpq;fs nkhop %yk; gjpT nra;jy; fy;Kid khefu rig vy;iyAs; mike;Js;s tPjpfspd; ngau;g;gyiffspy; tPjpfspd; ngau;fs; rpq;fs nkhopapy; Fwpg;gplg;glhik gz;lhuehaf;f ru;tNjr tpkhd epiyaj;jpd; tpkhdg; gazpfSf;F toq;fg;gLk; FbtuT Fbafy;T jpizf;fsj;jpd; tpkhdg; gazpfSf;fhd gbtk; jkpo; nkhopapy; ,y;yhik

Nkw;nfhz;l eltbf;if
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14

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kdkhw;wNk Njit...
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tpgh\h 2011 [dtup - ngg;utup

15

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BEES (Bilingal Expert for English to Sinhala) vDk; nkd; n ghUshdJ

mwpTg+u;tkhd rk;ghridf;F nghJ Nkilnahd;W

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nkhop cupik gw;wpa

cq;fs; fUj;Jf;fisAk; NahridfisAk; gpur;rpidfisAk; vkf;F vOJq;fs;

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