THP DNG C

I.Thp lm dng c ct
1. Yu cu i vi vt liu lm dao ct
a. iu kin lm vic ca li dao:
- Chu p lc ln
- Chu ma st ln gia li v phi
- Chu nhit
b.Yu cu v c tnh ca dao:
- cng cao, b> 65HRC;
- Tnh chng mi mn cao
- Tnh cng nng cao
- do, dai cao chng un, trnh m, gy li ct.
c. Yu cu v tnh cng ngh :
- Tnh ti cng v tnh thm ti tt m bo cng cao
- C kh nng chu gia cng p lc trng thi nng
- C kh nng kh nng chu gia cng ct trng thi
- C tnh mi cao sau khi ti.

1.1. Thp lm dao ct c nng sut thp

L cc loi thp lm dao ch ct gt c vi tc 510m/pht.
a. Thp Cacbon

- Gm: CD70, CD80,CD130 (Y7, Y8,Y13) c 0,71,3%C; 0,15 0,35%Si;

0,15 0,6%Mn
- c im
+ CD70, CD80 (Y7, Y8) ti hon ton 800 8200C
+ Mi trng ti l nc qua du
+ Thng dng CD100 CD120 lm dao do tnh chng mi mn tt
hn CD70, CD80
+ D gia cng p lc, gia cng ct.
- Nhc im:
+ ti thp (ti thu 10 mm)
+ Phi dng mi trng ti mnh l nc nn lm tng bin dng,.
+ Tnh cng nng thp do M c tnh chng ram km
Cng dng
- Lm cc dao ct nh c nng sut thp, hoc bng tay vi hnh dng n
gin nh da, khoan, ca, ta r, hn ren, dao tin,....
b, Thp hp kim
- gm : 130Cr0.5; 100Cr; 90CrSi; 140CrW5 (X05, X, 9XC, XB)
Nhm c thm ti tt
- Gm: 100Cr, 0L100Cr1,5; 90CrSi (X, X15, 9XC).
+ Mi trng ti l nc qua du
+ C th lm cc dao ct nh, hnh dng phc tp hn, ct gt vi tc 10
14 m/pht
+ Sau ram thp cng t ti 62 64HRC.

- Nhc im:
+ D thot cacbon khi nung ti
+ cng trng thi cung cp v cao hi cao (320HB)
+ Tnh mi km so vi thp Crom.
Nhm c tnh chng mi mn cao
- Gm: 130Cr0,5; 140CrW5 (X05, XB5).
- c im:
+ T chc l c t l cacbit rt ln (20 30%) cng cao v tnh chng
mi mn rt cao
+ 130Cr0,5 (X05) vi ch nhit luyn ti 780 8100C trong nc, ram
100 1200C t cng 65 66HRC
+ 140CrW5 (XB5) vi ch nhit luyn ti 800 8200C trong nc,
ram 100 1400C cng t 67 68HRC.
- Nhc im:
+ Tnh cng nng thp.
1.2Thp lm dao ct c nng sut cao thp gi
- L loi thp lm dao ct quan trng nht, tt nht, tho mn tt nht cc yu cu
i vi vt liu lm dao
+ Tc ct 25 35 m/pht
+ Tnh chng mi mn, tui bn cao (gp 810 ln loi trn);
+ thm ti cao (ti thu vi tit din bt k);
+ C th ct gt c 560 6000C.
Thnh phn ho hc v tc dng ca cc nguyn t

- Thp gi l tn gi Vit Nam ca loi thp dng c t ti c nng sut ct gt

cao, vi nguyn t hp kim ch yu l Vonfram v Crom, ngoi ra c th cn c
thm Vanadi, Coban v Mlipden.
Nhm c nng
sut thng

Nhm c nng sut cao.

80W18Cr4V
(P18)

90W18Cr4V2 (P182)

90W9Cr4V2
(P9)

85W18Co5Cr4V2
(P18K52)

85W12Cr4V
(P12)

95W9Co10Cr4V2 (P9K5)

85W6M05Cr4V2
(P6M5)

150W10Co5Cr4V5
(P10K55)

140W9Cr4V5
(P95)

125W14Cr4V4 (P144)

- Cacbon: 0,7 1,5% kt hp vi cc nguyn t W, V to thnh cacbit mnh to

kh nng chng mi mn cao
- Crom: 4% (3,8 4,4%) tng mnh thm ti. Nh c (Cr + W) cao nn thp
gi c kh nng t ti v ti thu vi tit din bt k v c th dng ti phn cp;
- Vonfram: L nguyn t hp kim quan trng nht, vi hm lng 918% to tnh
cng nng cao, ct gt vi tc cao

- Vanadi: l nguyn t to thnh cacbit mnh (VC) tng tnh chng mi mn v gi

cho ht nh khi ti
- Coban: ho tan hon ton vo st dng dung dch rn. Vi lng 5 10%Co
tng tnh cng nng ca thp gi
- Molipden: c dng nhiu thay th W kinh t hn
b, T chc cc trng thi
* Trng thi c
- Thp cha nhiu Cacbit (15 25%) dng cng tinh Ledeburit hnh xng c
nn rt gin lm nh v phn b u chng ra bng cch rn;
Trng thi rn +
- Bin dng cng nhiu, cacbit cng nh mn cacbit cng nh mn v phn b
u
- ng nhit gim cng:
T0u = 8000C, gi nhit 7400C
Austenit Peclit (Xoobt + Cacbit) nh mn phn b u.
Nhit luyn thp gi
* Ti
- Ti l nguyn cng quyt ng tnh cng nng ca thp gi vi c im l
nhit ti rt cao (~ 13000C).
- V d:
+ 80W18Cr4V (P18), 90W18Cr4V2 (P182): 128012900C
+ 90W9Cr4V2 (P9), 140W9Cr4V5 (P905): 1230 12400C
+ 85W6M05Cr4V2 (P6M5): 1220 12300C.

- T chc: Mactenxit + Austenit d (30%) + cacbit d (15%).

65HRC

Vi cng 62

* Ram
- Ram thp gi l nhm kh ng sut d, kh Austenit d tng cng v
tnh cng nng. Khi ram cng ca thp gi tng thm 2 3HRC v c gi l
cng th hai.
- Ram thp gi 2 4 ln mi ln 550 5700C trong 1 gi.
- T0r 5500C cacbit Vonfram, Fe3W3C mi bt u tit ra khi dung dch
rn, lm Austenit d ngho nguyn t hp kim, nng cao im Ms.
II. THP LM KHUN DP NGUI
1 iu kin lm vic v yu cu i vi khun dp ngui
- cng cao khong 58 62 HRC
- Tnh chng mi mn cao
- bn v dai m bo.
2 Cc thp lm khun dp ngui
- Thp lm khun b, gm CD100 CD120 (Y10 Y12)
- Thp lm khun trung bnh (5100mm), dng thp 110Cr, 100CrWMn,
100CrWSiMn ti phn cp
- Thp lm khun ln v c tnh chng mi mn cao (200300mm), dng
thp 200Cr12, 150Cr12Mo, 130Cr12V.
- Thp lm khun chu ti trng va p, 40CrW2Si, 50CrW2Si, 40CrSi,
60CrSi.
iu kin lm vic v yu cu i vi khun dp nng
- bn v dai cao, cng va phi, 35 46HRC
- Tnh chng mi mn cao

-Tnh chu nhit cao (tip xc vi phi nng ti 10000C

Cc thp lm khun dp nng
- Thp lm khun rn, gm: 50CrNiMo, 50CrNiW, 50CrNiTi, 50CrNiSi,
50CrNiSiW
- Thp lm khun chn p, gm: 30Cr2W8V, 40Cr2W5MoW, 40Cr2W2VSi;
- Cc khun chn p c nhiu phn khc nhau, gm: 30CrMnSi, 40CrNi;
50CrNiMo.