.

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: 41067

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1. .............................................................5
1.1 .......................................................................5
1.2 ........................................6
1.2.1 .....9
2. ................................10
2.1 .......................................................................................................................10
2.2 ().............................................................................11
3. .................................................................12
4. ..................................................................................................17
4.1 ..................................................................................................................................17
4.2 .....18
4.3 ...............................................19
4.4 ..............................................................................................20
4.4.1 ...............................................................................................................................20
4.4.2 ............................................................................................................................22
5. .......................................23
5.1 ....................................................................................................................23
5.2 ...............................26
5.3 .........................................29
5.3.1 .....................................................30
5.3.2 ..................................................31
5.3.3 ......................................................................................................32
5.3.4 ......................................................................................................33
5.3.5 ........................................................35
5.3.6 O ................................................................36
6. ..........................................................................................................39
2

6.1 ..........................................................................................................................39
6.2 ...............................................................................................................................40
6.3 ..........................................................................................................................40
6.4 ..............................................................................................................41
6.4.1 .......................................................................................42
6.5 ......................................44
6.6 .................................................................................45
7. ...................................................................47
8. ....................................................................................................51

,
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.

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.

1.2
1

, ., , ., , ., , ., , ., , ., , .,
, ., , ., , . (2008) . 37
2
, ., , . . (1996), . 98
3
Robinson, A.A. (2008) Corporate Culture as a basis for the Criminal Liability of Corporations Page 1
4
Ibid

 .
, ,
, ,
, . 5
, ,

. , ,
, .. .
.

. 4

.
,
.
, universitates personarum (
corpus/universitas ,
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).6
juristic persona, .
,
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,
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,
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. ,
,
.7

Pop, I.A. (2006) Criminal Liability of Corporations Comparative Jurisprudence

Ibid
7
. Florin Streteanu & Radu Chirita (2002) Raspunderea Penala a personanei juridice 7
6



.8
, ,
.

. 4
societas delinguere non potest,9
,
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.10 4
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fictae, . 12 ,

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, XVIII
,
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,
8

Pop, I.A. (2006) Criminal Liability of Corporations Comparative Jurisprudence- Page 8

, . (2005)

10
Pop, I.A. (2006) Criminal liability of Corporations Comparative Jurisprudence Page 8
11
Branco, H.D. (2006) Towards a New Paradigma for Corporate Criminal Liability in Brazil: Lessons from Common
Law Developments
12
. Ibid
13
Pop, I.A. (2006) Criminal liability of Corporations Comparative Jurisprudence
9


, .
, () .

.14


, ,
. , ,
. 15
,
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.18

. .
. ,
.

14

. Florin Streteanu & Radu Chirita (2002) Raspunderea Penala a personanei juridice 7
. Pop, I.A. (2006) Criminal liability of Corporations Comparative Jurisprudence
16
Weissman, A., Newman, D. (2007) Rethinking corporate criminal liability
17
18-
18
Ferguson, G. Corruption and Criminal Liability of Corporations, Page 1
15

 19
. ,
,
.
.

1.2.1 .
() XX , ,
,
, , ,
.
, .
19
: , ,

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:
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1992
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, (1994) (2002)
,

, , ,

19

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.

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: II
, 1929 , VI
, 1953
. VII
, 1957
,
: ,
, . 20

.

.

. 128818 20.10.1988
,
,
.21

, ,
.22 ,
,
,
20

, . (2009)
, . (2006)
, , . 157
22
, . (2009) . 53
21

10

 .23 :
, ,
(1990), (1998),
(1999)
(2003), (2001).
24 1998
, 9
,
.
2 3 . 2 9
,
1
.
25 18
, , ,

,
.
,

.
2.2

()

( ) 2000 .
( 5). 26
10.
23

Recommendation No. R(88)18 of the Committee of Ministers to member state Concerning liability of enterprises
having legal personalities for offences committed in the exercise of their activities
24
Convention on the protection of the environment through Criminal law Strasbourg 4.XI. 1988
25
Criminal law convention on Corruption
26
, ., , ., , ., , ., , ., , ., , .,
, ., , ., , . (2008) . 42

11



8
.27
, ,
.28
, ,
, .29
: , ,
(corporate crime).
30 ( 26)
.
,
,
,
.31

3.

, :
() .32
, :
,
.33
.
.

27

, . (2007) . 447
United Nations Convention against transnational organized crime and the protocols thereto
29
Ibid
30
United Nations Convetion against corruption from 2004
31
Stojanovic, Z. (2010) Liability of legal persons for criminal offences Podgorica - str 15
32
, . (2009) - . 550
33
Ibid
28

12

 34
societes delinquere non potest 19 .35 ()
,
.
, ,
.36 , ,
, .

?
. ,
.
, ,

.37 ,
, ,
,
.38 .
19 ,
.39 ,
(societas delinquere potest).
, ,
,
,

34

, ,
,
,
.
. ,
fictio .
, ( )
,

35
Pop, I.A. (2006) Criminal liability of corporations Comparative Jurisprudence- page 11
36
Branco, H.D. (2006) Towards a New Paradigma for Corporate Criminal Liability in Brazil: Lessons from Common
Law Developments
37
Pop, I.A. (2006) Criminal liability of corporations Comparative Jurisprudence- page 11
38
, ., , . (2009)
3
39
. Branco, H.D. (2006) Towards a new paradigma for corporate criminal liability in Brazil: Lessons from
common law developments

13

 .40
,
.
,41
, , ,
.
,
.42

,
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,
.43 ,
sui generis, .
,
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,
.
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, 20

40

, ., , ., , ., , ., , ., , ., , .,
, ., , ., , . (2008) 39
41

42
Savic, I.V.(2011) Koncept autonomne odgovornosti pravne osobe i njegova primjena u kaznenom pravu
43
Ibid
44
Blacks law dictionary Ninth edition (2009) : ;

14

 .45 (vicarious)
,
. 46

, . 47
respondeat superior,48 (strict
liability) : , ,
. ,

, : ,
, mens rea.49
, .

. ,
,
(state of mind) .50
,
.
19 respondeat
superior
.51 :

, , ultras vires ,
,
.
e
.
(alter ego),52
,
45

Pop, I. A. (2006) Criminal liability of corporations Comparative Jurisprudence- page 27

Ibid
47
Ferguson, G. Corruption and corporate criminal liability
48
Blacks law dictionary Ninth Edition(2009) : ( )

49
Ferguson, G. Corruption and corporate criminal liability
50
Ibid
51
. Weissman, A., Newman, D. (2007) Rethinking corporate criminal liability
52
. Pop, I. A. (2006) Criminal liability of corporations Comparative Jurisprudence
46

15


. ,
(state of mind). ,
,
.53 ,
, ,
.
,
,
.54

( ,
,
).

- ,
.55
, ,

,
. ,
, -
.56

4.
4.1

53

Branco, H.D. (2006) Towards a new paradigma for corporate criminal liability in Brazil: Lessons from commnol law
developments
54
, . (2006) .240
55
. Ferugson, G. Corruption and corporate criminal liability
56
. Florin Streteanu & Radu Chirita (2002) Raspunderea Penala a personanei juridice 7

16

 ,
.
( 151/03)
,
,

.57 ,
( 5 . 1).58


( 5 . 2).59
,

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,
.
.
10
,
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,
.

, : ,
, ,
. , ,
.
,

.
.

57

Business crimes compliance - criminal liability of companies survey (2008)

Zakon o odgovornosti pravni osoba za kaznena djela clan 5, stav 1 (NN 151/03 )
59
. Ibid
58

17

 ,
. .

, .60
, ,

.
4.2



.61 5
, .
, :
, , ,
,
.
,
,
.
, alter ego,
.
6
.62
: , .
,
,
.63
, .
60

Ibid
Anali pravnog fakulteta u Beograda (2008) , Uslovi odgovornosti pravnog lica za krivicno delo
62
Zakon o odgovornosti pravnih lica za krivicna dela (Sl. Glasnik RS, br: 97/2008)
63
Ilic, P.G., (2010) Crimen (I) Marginalije uz Zakon o odgovornosti pravnih lica krivicna dela strana 253
61

18

 14,
,
.
,
, ,
. ,
20,
(
) 6 .

4.3
2007
. 5 64
,
.

respondeat superior ,

.65
, .
, .
: , . :
.
,
, . 15


,

.
64
65

Zakon o odgovornosti pravnih lica za krivicna dela clan 2, stav 1(Sl. Glasnik RSC br.2/2007)
Stojanovic, Z. (2010) Liability of legal persons for criminal offences Podgorica str 20

19

 ,
,
.66
, ,
.

.67
.
4.4
societas
delinquere potest.
22 1994 .68
.
121-2 ,

.69

.70
,
,
.71

, ,

, ,

.72

( , .)
66

Ibid clan 17
Ibid clan 36, stav 2
68
Anali pravnog fakulteta u Beograda (2008) , Uslovi odgovornosti pravnog lica za krivicno delo
69
Business crimes compliance - criminal liability of companies survey (2008)
70
, . (2002) - XXI . 164 -165
71
Ibid
72
, ., , ., , ., , ., , ., , ., , .,
, ., , ., , . (2008) . 43
67

20


.
,
.
2006 ,

,
. ,
.

,
. :
, ,
.73
,
: ,
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.
,
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.
.
5 ,
.

4.5

.

73

Business crimes compliance - criminal liability of companies survey (2008)

21

 .74
1951 .

.
15
,
.75
,
.76

, 1976
(1886)
. 51 1
.
, ,
:
1.
2. .77
,
,
. ,
(dolus eventualis) .

,
.
.. ,

. ,
,
.

74

Keulen, F.B., Gritter,E. (2010) Corporate criminal liability in the Netherlands, Electronic journal of comparative law,
vol 14.3 Page - 2
75
Ibid
76
, . (2002) XXI . 187
77
Wetboek van Strafrecht (1886)

22

: ,

, ,
.78.
: ,
.

5.

5.1
,
, .

.
1945 . 1947 . 79
80 1947
.
1951
, , 1953 1954 ,

.81 ,
,82


.
.
,
.

78

Ibid
, . (2011) . 552
80
16

81
, . (2011) . 552
82
. 10/60
79

23

83 :
, , , , ,
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:
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,

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1991 ,
,
.87

1997 .88
,
, ,
, .89
,
,

83

. 28/62
, . (2002) . 64
85
Ibid
86
, . (2006) 242
87
. , . (2002) . 64
88
. 15/97
89
, . (2002) . 70
84

24

.90
,
,
.91 , 8 :
e
,
,

. .
,
, .92

1996 ,
.
,
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, .
.
,
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2002
.
93
,
( ,
,
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90

,. (2006) . 242
Ibid
92
, . (2002) . 63
93
I -
94
, (2002) - XXI . . 339
91

25

5.2

(
, , , ,

, , .)

2004 95,
.
,

,
societas delinquere non potest, ratione
persone .96 societas
delinquere potest. ,
122 6: ,
, , , ,
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.97

(),
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11 1

. :

. ,
95

. . 19/04
, (2006)
- . 158
97

, ( , )
96

26

 .
, .

. .
,

,
societas delinquere non potest.

,
,
- .
2004 ,
98 28- 1:
,
,

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,
( ) .
( 3), (nemo
iudex in causa sua), 100
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98

122 6 ,

99
. 19/04 30.03.2004
100
122 6 :
, , , ,
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, ,

27

 .
.
101 2006
2004
. 7

( 1).


,
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,
,
.

,
.

.
,102
200 5.000 ,


, .
,


,
.103

.
101

. . 62/06
Ibid
103
Ibid
102

28

 .
,
, ,
.
5.3
5.3.1
2004 ..
. 28- 1 ,

, a 104 ,

.105 ,
, 1
, (
alter ego). ,

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,
,
. ,
.
.

. ,
,
.

,


104
105

.
. . 28/04, 84/05, 25/07, 87/08 42/10, 48/10, 24/11

29

 .106
, ,
,

,
. ,
.
,
( ) ,

.
5.3.2.
28-, 2
,
, . 107
( )
.
,
. , ,
,
.
108 . 109
, .110

106

, . (2006) . 243
:
1) , ,

2) ,

3) ,

108
, ,
, , 122 27
: , 250

109

110
, . (2006) - . 554
107

30

 .
,
.
,

,
. ,

. ,
,
, (
, , ,
, .).111
, ( ,
, ) ,
.
,
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),
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5.3.3

,
: , , .
,

111

Ibid

31

 .
?
, .

28- 1

.
.
. ,
,
: ,
, ,
. ,
,
.

, .
, .
.

: , ,
(
).112

5.3.4
28- ( 28-
1 2)
.
,
.
112

, . (2011) . 556

32

 ,
.
,
.113 ,

. ,
,
,
.114
o


.
, , , ,
.
,
.
, .
, .115

,
, .116
117, .


. .

,
. ,

113

, .(2006)
- . 159
114
, . (2011) . 556
115
Savic, I.V. How can the corporation become a criminal? Analyzing the paths towards corporate criminal liability
116
. Savic, I.V.(2011) Koncept autonomne odgovornosti pravne osobe i njegova primjena u kaznenom pravu
117

33

 ,
(
), .
,
.
,
.
.
, .
:

,
.
,
, , .

( , , )
( 11 2).
,

,
(, ). 118
, argumentum a
contrario, .

.
.
5.3.5

. ( )
,

118

, .(2011) . 557

34

 .119 28- 1

28- ,

.

,
.
( ,
.), . 120 ,
,
.
. .
,

.
()
, .

.
28- 2 ,
, ,
,
.
.
,
,

.121
.
,

119

. . 34/06
, .(2011) . 557
121
Ibid
120

35

 ,
.

5.3.6

,

.

.
,
, (
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?,
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.
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.122
. ()
, :
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. 123
( ),
, .
,
. ,
, ,124
122

. , . (2007) - . 444
. . 19/04
124
Ibid ,
,
123

36

: , (nullum
crime, nulla poena sine lege). ( 14
1)

.
, .
.

. actus reus mens rea
. 125
,
.
126 ( ),
, 127 ( , )
- . .
,
. , mens rea
, ,
mens rea. ,
.
() actus reus,
, . 128
,
, .
actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea, : ,
, . 129
,
. ,

125
Branco, H.D. (2006) Towards a New Paradigma for Corporate Criminal Liability in Brazil: Lessons from Common
Law Developments
126
Blacks law dictionary (2009):
mens rea
127
Ibid , ,

128
Branco, H.D. (2006) Towards a New Paradigma for Corporate Criminal Liability in Brazil: Lessons from Common
Law Developments
129
Ibid

37


.
( )
, .
.
,
(nulla poena sine culpa).130
, ,

, .
.
.
,
,
,
( , ,

).131

.
.

6.
6.1.

2004

, (
96- 96-).
, : ,
,
130

, . (2006) . 170 :
, -
131
Ibid

38

 .132

( 96-),
(96-).133
, . 2009
,
,134 .
,
lex non cogit ad impossibilia, .
6.2
(96- 2) ,
100.000 , 30 ,

135,
,
, ( 3).

,
(), 136
.
,
.
6.3

( 96-),

132

, . (2011) - .559
Ibid
134
, . . 119/09
135
122 36 , ,
250
136
, . (2011) - .560
133

39

 , ( 96- 1). 137

: , , ,
; ,
- ;
; ;
, , , ;
( 96-,
1-8). , , ,
,
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( 96- 3).
,
,

( 96- 4).
,
,
138
. ( )
. ,
,
( .

),
. 139

()
.140
6.4

137

Ibid
96- 9
,
139
, . (2011) - .565
140
Ibid
138

40


141 , , ,
:
.
,
:
, .
,
, .

,
( .). 142

6.4.1

, 500.000
,
(
96- .1). ,


( 96- .2);
,

( 96- .3).
141

; ,
( , ,
.); ,
( , , .)
( , .)
142
, . (2011) - .566

41

 ,
:
; ,

.
96-
96- :
500.000
, 100.000 ;

,
200.000 ,

, 300.000
.
,
1
.
,
, ,
( 96-). 143
,
. 144
,
.145

15 30 ,

.146 ,
143

42 ,


144
, . (2011) - . 562
145
Ibid
( , .),
.
146
, . (2002) - . 450

42

 ,
,
, ,
,
( , ,
).147 ( )

, (

).148


, ( 96- . 3).
.
,

, , ,
.
,
.
,
,
.
.

6.5

97-100
, 101-.
,
,
147
148

, . (2011) - . 562
Ibid

43

 .
,
,

,
,
( 96- . 2).149
: (,
, ),
.150
, (. 100).
:
.

,
, (.100-).
a

.

6.6

. , ,

.151
: (. 148 . 2);
(. 149 . 5); (. 150 . 3);
149

Ibid ,
(. 98 .3), (.100) :
; ,

150
, ., , ., , . (2009)
-
151
, . (2005) , ,
. 11

44

 (. 151 . 6); (.152 .3);

(.157 .7);.
, (.166 .3),
(.167 . 2), (.170
.3)
; (. 171 .2).
(.204. .4) .
(. 247 . 7); (. 248..2);
(. 249 . 2);
(. 250 . 4); (. 251- . 8).

(.254 .2); (. 255 . 2);
(.256 . 3);
(. 257 . 3); (.261 . 4).
(. 264 . 3 . 266 . 2).
, ,
, (. 271- . 2)

(. 273 . 12);
(. 274 .5);
(. 271- . 5);
(.275 .3 . 6);
(. 275- .4); ,


(.275- .4 . 7); (. 276 . 2);
(. 277 . 3); (. 278 . 7); (. 278-
. 6); ( . 278- .
3); (. 279 . 3); (.
280 . 3); - (.284 .
3); (.
285 . 6);
(. 286 . 5). , (358
.5). 6). , (. 378 . 4);
45

 (. 379 . 2);
(.380 . 2). (. 418- .6).


, , , , .
, ,
.
152, 153

8.

01.09.2004 01.06.2006
154
.154 . 278-,
.377, . 166,
. 167,
. 157,
.274 . 2008 343, 50.

(.279), (.278), (.278-),
(.378) .
2009 316, 43, 2010 496,
93. .

152

. . 80/99
. .28/04
154
, . 89
153

46

 , .
.
1. . . 604/07, ..
. . .,
157 , 1, 6 . .
1. 10 ,
10 6150 , 20
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,
96- 96- . ,
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30 . 96- 2 ,
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96- 2 .
, , ,
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96- 1
.
( , K. . 142/2008)
2. . . 52/06
, . 157
. .

47

 .
100.000 .
2 .
. 96- . 1
:
,

.

,
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.1 .-. - .. .368 .1 .1

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., 8.320, , .93 .1 . .2
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. , :
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.204 .4 .. .1 ,
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49

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.
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. 19/04
30.03.2004
, . . 119/09
(1996), 19/04, 114/09
Zakon o odgovornosti pravni osoba za kaznena djela clan 5, stav 1 (NN 151/03 )
Zakon o odgovornosti pravnih lica za krivicna dela clan 2, stav 1(Sl. Glasnik RS, br: 97/2008)
Zakon o odgovornosti pravnih lica za krivicna dela clan 2, stav 1(Sl. Glasnik RSC br.2/2007)
Wetboek van Strafrecht (1886)
. 15/97
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. . 28/04
. .15/05
. . 02/06
. . 34/06
. . 62/06
. . 98/08, 145/10
56

. .150/10
. 10/60
. 28/62

Recommendation No. R(88)18 of the Committee of Ministers to member state

Concerning liability of enterprises having legal personalities for offences committed in the
exercise of their activities
United Nations convetion against transnational organized crime and the protocols thereto
Convetion on the protection of the environment through Criminal law Strasbourg 4.XI.
1988
Criminal law convention on Corruption Strazbourg 27.I.1999

United Nations Convetion against corruption from 2004

www.pravo.org.mk
www.lexmercatoria.org
www.justice.gov.mk
www.slvesnik.com.mk
www.legalmacedonia.com

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