Karapatang pantao

1. 1. KARAPATANG PANTAO

2. 2. Ito ay karapatan at kalayaan na nararapat matanggap ng mga tao.

3. 3. MGA HALIMBAWA NG KARAPATANG PANTAO Kalayaan sa pagsasalita Pagkakapantay- pantay

sa harap ng batas Karapatang makapaghanap buhay Karapatan sa pagkain Karapatang
makilahok sa kalinangan Karapatan sa edukasyon

4. 4. Historikal ng Pag-unlad ng konsepto ng Karapatang Pantao

5. 5. “Cyrus Cylinder” (539 B.C.E.) Sinakop ni Haring Cyrus ng Persia at kaniyang mga tauhan ang
lungsod ng Babylon.

6. 6. “Cyrus Cylinder” (539 B.C.E.) Pinalaya niya ang mga alipin at ipinahayag na maaari silang
pumili ng sariling relihiyon. Idineklara rin ang pagkakapantay pantay ng lahat ng lahi.

7. 7. Nakatala ito sa isang baked-clay cylinder na tanyag sa tawag na “Cyrus Cylinder.” Tinagurian
ito bilang “world’s first charter of human rights.”

8. 8. Kinakitaan din ng kaisipan tungkol sa karapatang pantao ang iba pang sinaunang kabihasnan
tulad ng India, Greece, at Rome.

9. 9. Ang mga itinatag na relihiyon at pananampalataya sa Asya tulad ng Judaism, Hinduism,

Kristiyanismo, Buddhism, Taoism, Islam at iba pa ay nakapaglahad ng mga kodigo tungkol sa
moralidad, kaisipan tungkol sa dignidad ng tao at tungkulin nito sa kaniyang kapwa.

10. 10. 1215- Magna Carta Noong 1215, sapilitang lumagda si John I, Hari ng England, sa Magna
Carta, isang dokumentong naglalahad ng ilang karapatan ng mga taga- England.

11. 11. 1215- Magna Carta Ilan sa mga ito ay hindi maaaring dakpin, ipakulong, at bawiin ang
anumang ari-arian ng sinuman nang walang pagpapasiya ng hukuman. Sa dokumentong ito,
nilimitahan ang kapangyarihan ng hari ng bansa.

12. 12. Petition of Right (1628)

13. 13. Petition of Right (1628) Sa England, ipinasa ang Petition of Right na naglalaman ng mga
karapatan tulad nang hindi pagpataw ng buwis nang walang pahintulot ng Parliament, pagbawal
sa pagkulong nang walang sapat na dahilan, at hindi pagdeklara ng batas militar sa panahon ng
kapayapaan

14. 14. Bill of Rights(1791) Noong 1787, inaprubahan ng United States Congress ang Saligang-batas
ng kanilang bansa. Sa dokumentong ito, nakapaloob ang Bill of Rights na ipinatupad noong
Disyembre 15, 1791.

15. 15. Bill of Rights(1791) Ito ang nagbigay-proteksiyon sa mga karapatang pantao ng lahat ng
mamamayan at maging ang iba pang taong nanirahan sa bansa.
16. 16. Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the itizen(1789) Noong 1789, nagtagumpay ang
French Revolution na wakasan ang ganap na kapangyarihan ni Haring Louis XVI.

17. 17. Sumunod ang paglagda ng Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen na naglalaman
ng mga karapatan ng mamamayan. Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen(1789)

18. 18. The First Geneva Convention(1864) Noong 1864, isinagawa ang pagpupulong ng labing- anim
na Europeong bansa at ilang estado ng United States sa Geneva, Switzerland.

19. 19. Kinilala ito bilang The First Geneva Convention na may layuning isaalang-alang ang pag-
alaga sa mga nasugatan at may sakit na sundalo nang walang anumang diskriminasyon. The First
Geneva Convention(1864)

20. 20. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) Noong 1948, itinatag ng United Nations ang
Human Rights Commission sa pangunguna ni Eleanor Roosevelt, asawa ng yumaong Pangulong
Franklin Roosevelt ng United States.

21. 21. Gawain 1:Human Rights Declared Kompletuhin ang tsart sa pamamagitan ng pagtala sa
ikalawang kolum ng mga karapatang pantaong nakapaloob sa bawat dokumento.

22. 22. Dokumento Mga Nakapaloob na Karapatang Pantao 1. Cyrus’ Cylinder 2. Magna Carta 3.
Petition of Right 4. Bill of Rights 5. Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen 6. The
First Geneva Convention

23. 23. Gawain 2: Connecting Human Rights Then and Now 1. Pumili ng isang karapatang pantao na
nakapaloob sa alinman sa tinalakay na dokumento. 2. Magbigay ng halimbawa, sitwasyon o
pangyayari sa iyong komunidad na nagpapatunay na nagaganap o ipinatutupad ito sa
kasalukuyan. 3. Ipakita ang gawaing ito sa malikhaing paraan.

24. 24. 1. Piniling dokumento sa pagkabuo ng karapatang pantao: ________________ 2. Karapatang

pantaong nakapaloob sa dokumento na nagaganap/ipinatutupad sa kasalukuyan:
_______________________ 3. Malikhaing Gawain: _________________ (Maaaring role playing,
pagsulat ng tula o sanaysay, pag-awit at iba pa)

25. 25. Gawain 3: Three Cards Diagram Kompletuhin ang datos na hinihingi sa bawat card.
Pagkatapos, sagutin ang sumusunod na tanong.

26. 26. QUIZ

27. 27. _______1. Ito ay isang lungsod na sinakop ni Haring Cyrus ng Persia at ng kaniyang mga
tauhan. _______2. Hari ng England na sapilitang lumagda sa Magna Carta. _______3. Kailan
ipinatupad ang Bill of Rights? _______4. Ito ay may layuning isaalang-alang ang pag-alaga sa
mga nasugatan at may sakit na sundalo nang walang anumang diskriminasyon.

28. 28. ______5. Noong 1864, isinagawa ang pagpupulong ng ___ na Europeong bansa at ilang
estado ng United States sa Geneva, Switzerland. ______6. Ito ay isa pang tawag sa baked-clay
cylinder at tinaguriang “WORLD’S FIRST CHARTER OF HUMAN RIGHTS”. ______7. Ito ay isang
dokumentong naglalahad ng ilang karapatan ng mga taga-England. 8-9. Magbigay ng 2
halimbawa ng karapatang pantao. ______10. Ano ang karapatang pantao?
29. 29. Ang Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) ay isa sa mahalagang dokumentong
naglalahad ng mga karapatang pantao ng bawat indibiduwalna may kaugnayan sa bawat
aspekto ng buhay ng tao. Karapatang sibil Karapatang politikal Karapatang ekonomiko
Karapatang sosyal Karapatang kultural

30. 30. Nang itatag ang United Nations noong Oktubre 24, 1945, binigyang-diin ng mga bansang
kasapi nito na magkaroon ng kongkretong balangkas upang matiyak na maibabahagi ang
kaalaman at maisakatuparan ang mga karapatang pantao sa lahat ng bansa. Ito ay naging bahagi
sa adyenda ng UN General Assembly noong 1946. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
(UDHR)

31. 31. Nabuo ang UDHR nang maluklok bilang tagapangulo ng Human Rights Commission ng United
Nations si Binalangkas ng naturang komisyon ang talaan ng mga pangunahing karapatang
pantao at tinawag ang talaang ito bilang ELEANOR ROOSEVELT UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS “International Magna Carta for all Mankind.”

32. 32. Sa kauna-unahang pagkakataon, pinagsama-sama at binalangkas ang lahat ng karapatang

pantao ng indibiduwal sa isang dokumento. Ito ang naging pangunahing batayan ng mga
demokratikong bansa sa pagbuo ng kani-kanilang Saligang-batas.

33. 33. • Malaki ang pagkakaugnay ng mga karapatang nakapaloob sa UDHR sa bawat aspekto ng
buhay ng tao. • Naging sandigan ng maraming bansa ang nilalaman ng UDHR upang panatilihin
ang kapayapaan at itaguyod ang dignidad at karapatan ng bawat tao.

34. 34. • Kaisa ang pamahalaan ng Pilipinas sa maraming bansang nagbigay ng maigting na
pagpapahalaga sa dignidad at mga karapatan ng tao sa iba’t ibang panig ng daigdig

35. 35. • Ang Katipunan ng mga Karapatan o Bill of Rights ng Konstitusyon ng ating bansa ay listahan
ng mga pinagsamasamang karapatan ng bawat tao mula sa dating konstitusyon at karagdagang
karapatan ng mga indibiduwal na nakapaloob sa Seksyon 8, 11, 12, 13, 18 (1), at 19.

36. 36. • Ayon sa aklat ni De Leon, et.al (2014), may tatlong uri ng mga karapatan ng bawat
mamamayan sa isang demokratikong bansa. Mayroon namang apat na klasipikasyon ang
constitutional rights. Unawain ang diyagram sa ibaba.

37. 37. Natural Rights • Mga karapatang taglay ng bawat tao kahit hindi ipagkaloob ng Estado Hal:
Karapatang mabuhay, maging malaya, at magkaroon ng ariarian

38. 38. Apat na Klasipikasyon ang Constitutional Rights.

39. 39. Constitutional Rights • Mga karapatang ipinagkaloob at pinangangalagaan ng Estado. HAL:
Karapatang Politikal – Kapangyarihan ng mamamayan na makilahok, tuwiran man o hindi, sa
pagtatag at pangangasiwa ng pamahalaan

40. 40. Constitutional Rights • Karapatang Sibil – mga karapatan na titiyak sa mga pribadong
indibidwal na maging kasiya-siya ang kanilang pamumuhay sa paraang nais nang hindi
lumalabag sa batas.

41. 41. Constitutional Rights • Karapatang Sosyo- ekonomik – mga karapatan na sisiguro sa
katiwasayan ng buhay at pangekonomikong kalagayan ng mga indibiduwal.
 42. 42. Constitutional Rights • Karapatan ng akusado – mga karapatan na magbibigay-proteksyon sa
indibidwal na inakusahan sa anomang krimen

43. 43. Statutory • Mga karapatang kaloob ng binuong batas at maaaring alisin sa pamamagitan ng
panibagong batas. Karapatang makatanggap ng minimum wage

Constitution of the Philippines

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Constitution of the Philippines (Filipino: Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas or Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas) is
the constitution or supreme law of the Republic of the Philippines. Its final draft was completed by the
Constitutional Commission on October 12, 1986 and was ratified by a nationwide plebiscite on February
2, 1987.

Three other constitutions have effectively governed the country in its history: the 1935 Commonwealth
Constitution, the 1973 Constitution, and the 1986 Freedom Constitution.

The earliest constitution establishing a "Philippine Republic," the 1899 Malolos Constitution, was never
fully implemented throughout the Philippines and did not establish a state that was internationally
recognized, due in great part to the ongoing American invasionduring the time of its adoption.

Contents

 1Background of the 1987 Constitution

 2Structure and contents

o 2.1Preamble

o 2.2Article I – National Territory

o 2.3Article II – Declaration of Principles and State Policies

o 2.4Article III – Bill of Rights

o 2.5Article IV – Citizenship

o 2.6Article V – Suffrage

o 2.7Article VI – Legislative Department

o 2.8Article VII – Executive Department

o 2.9Article VIII – Judicial Department

o 2.10Article IX – Constitutional Commissions

o 2.11Article X – Local Government

o 2.12Article XI – Accountability of Public Officers

 o 2.13Article XII – National Economy and Patrimony

o 2.14Article XIII – Social Justice and Human Rights

o 2.15Article XIV – Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports

o 2.16Article XV – The Family

o 2.17Article XVI – General Provisions

o 2.18Article XVII – Amendments or Revisions

o 2.19Article XVIII – Transitory Provisions

 3Evolution

o 3.1The 1897 Constitution of Biak-na-Bato

o 3.2The 1899 Malolos Constitution

o 3.3Acts of the United States Congress

 3.3.1Philippine Organic Act of 1902

 3.3.2Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916

 3.3.3Tydings–McDuffie Act (1934)

o 3.4The 1935 Constitution

o 3.5The 1943 Constitution

o 3.6The 1973 Constitution

o 3.7The 1986 Freedom Constitution

 4See also

 5References

o 5.1Bibliography

 6External links

Background of the 1987 Constitution[edit]

Ruling by decree during the early part of her tenure and as a president installed via the People Power
Revolution, President Corazon Aquino issued Proclamation No. 3 on March 25, 1986 which abrogated
many of the provisions of the then 1973 Constitution adopted during the Marcos regime including the
unicameral legislature (the Batasang Pambansa), the office of Prime Minister, and provisions which gave
the President legislative powers. Often called the "Freedom Constitution," this constitution was only
intended as a temporary constitution to ensure the freedom of the people and the return to democratic
rule. A constitutional commission was soon called to draft a new constitution for the country.
The Constitutional Commission was composed of fifty members appointed by Aquino from varied
backgrounds including several former members of the House of Representatives, former justices of
the Supreme Court, a Roman Catholic bishop, and political activists against the Marcos regime. The
Commission elected Cecilia Muñoz-Palma, a former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court, as its
president. Several issues were of particular contention during the Commission's sessions, including the
form of government to adopt, the abolition of the death penalty, the retention of the U.S. bases
in Clark and Subic, and the integration of economic policies into the constitution. Lino Brocka, a film
director and political activist who was member of the Commission, walked out before the constitution's
completion, and two other delegates dissented from the final draft. The Commission finished the final
draft on October 12, 1986 and presented it to Corazon Aquino on October 15. The constitution was
ratified by a nationwide plebiscite on February 8, 1987.

Structure and contents[edit]

The Constitution contains a preamble and eighteen self-contained articles with a section numbering that
resets for every article.

Preamble[edit]

The preamble introduces the constitution and the source of sovereignty, the people. It follows the
pattern in past constitutions, including an appeal to God. The preamble reads:[2]

We,the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane
society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common
good,conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of
independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love,
equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.

Article I – National Territory[edit]

The national territory comprises the Philippine archipelago, with all the islands and waters embraced
therein, and all other territories over which the Philippines has sovereignty or jurisdiction, consisting of
its terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial domains, including its territorial sea, the seabed, the subsoil, the insular
shelves, and other submarine areas. The waters around, between, and connecting the islands of the
archipelago, regardless of their breadth and dimensions, form part of the internal waters of the
Philippines.

Article II – Declaration of Principles and State Policies[edit]

Article II lays out the basic social and political creed of the Philippines, particularly the implementation
of the constitution and sets forth the objectives of the government. Some essential provisions are:

 The Philippines is a democratic republic

 Renunciation of war as a form of national policy

 Supremacy of civilian over military authority

 Separation of church and state (inviolable)

 Pursuit of an independent foreign policy

  Abrogation of nuclear weaponry

 Family as the basic unit of the state

 Role of youth and women in nation-building

 Autonomy of local governments

 Equal opportunity for public services and the prohibition of political dynasties

Article III – Bill of Rights[edit]

Article III enumerates specific protections against the abuse of state power, most of which are similar to
the provisions of the U.S. Constitution. Some essential provisions are:

 a right to due process and equal protection of law

 a right against searches and seizures without a warrant issued by a judge

 a right to privacy

 The right to freedom of speech and expression, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, and
the right to petition

 The free exercise of religion

 a right of abode and the right to travel

 a right to information on matters of public concern

 a right to form associations

 a right of free access to courts

 the right to remain silent and to have competent legal counsel

 a right to bail and against excessive bail conditions

 a right to habeas corpus

 the right to a speedy trial

 the right against self-incrimination

 the right to political beliefs and aspirations

 a prohibition against cruel, degrading, or inhuman punishment

 protection providing for no imprisonment for debt

 the right against double jeopardy

 prohibition of ex post facto laws and bills of attainder.

Similar to U.S. jurisprudence and other common law jurisdictions, the scope and limitations of these
rights have largely been determined by the Supreme Court through case law.Article IV –
Citizenship[edit]

Article IV defines the citizenship of Filipinos. It enumerates two kinds of citizens: natural-born citizens
and naturalized citizens. Natural-born citizens are those who are citizens from birth without having to
perform any act to acquire or perfect Philippine citizenship. The Philippines follows a jus
sanguinis system where citizenship is mainly acquired through a blood relationship with Filipino citizens.

Natural-born citizenship forms an important part of the political system as only natural-born
Filipinos are eligible to hold high offices, including all elective offices beginning with a representative in
the House of Representatives up to the President.

Article V – Suffrage[edit]

Article V mandates various age and residence qualifications to vote and a system of secret ballots and
absentee voting. It also mandates a procedure for overseas and disabled and illiterate Filipinos to vote.

Article VI – Legislative Department[edit]

Article VI provides for a bicameral legislature called the Congress composed of the Senate and the
House of Representatives. It vests upon Congress, among others, the power of investigation and inquiry
in aid of legislation,[3] the power to declare the existence of a state of war,[4] the power of the
purse,[5] the power of taxation,[6] and the power of eminent domain.[7]

Article VII – Executive Department[edit]

Article VII provides for a presidential form of government where the executive power is vested on the
President. It provides for the qualification, terms of office, election, and power and functions of the
President. It also provides for a Vice President and for the presidential line of succession.

Article VIII – Judicial Department[edit]

Article VIII vests the judicial power upon the Supreme Court and other lower courts as may be
established by law (by Congress). While the power to appoint justices and judges still reside with the
President, the President may only appoint nominees pre-selected by the Judicial and Bar Council, a body
composed of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, the Secretary of Justice, the Chairs of the Senate
and House Committees on Justice, and representatives from the legal profession.

Article IX – Constitutional Commissions[edit]

Article IX establishes three constitutional commissions: the Civil Service Commission, the Commission on
Elections, and the Commission on Audit.

Article X – Local Government[edit]

Article X pursues for local autonomy and mandates Congress to enact a law for the local government,
now currently the Local Government Code.

Article XI – Accountability of Public Officers[edit]Article XI establishes the Office of the Ombudsman

which is responsible for investigating and prosecuting government officials. It also vests upon the
Congress the power to impeach the President, the Vice President, members of the Supreme Court, and
the Ombudsman.

Article XII – National Economy and Patrimony[edit]

Article XIII – Social Justice and Human Rights[edit]

Article XIV – Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports[edit]

Article XV – The Family[edit]

Article XVI – General Provisions[edit]

Article XVII – Amendments or Revisions[edit]

Article XVIII – Transitory Provisions[edit]

The Constitution also contains several other provisions enumerating various state policies including, i.e.,
the affirmation of labor "as a primary social economic force" (Section 14, Article II); the equal protection
of "the life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception" (Section 12, Article II); the
"Filipino family as the foundation of the nation" (Article XV, Section 1); the recognition of Filipino as "the
national language of the Philippines" (Section 6, Article XIV), and even a requirement that "all
educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities throughout the country in cooperation
with athletic clubs and other sectors." (Section 19.1, Article XIV) Whether these provisions may, by
themselves, be the source of enforceable rights without accompanying legislation has been the subject
of considerable debate in the legal sphere and within the Supreme Court. The Court, for example, has
ruled that a provision requiring that the State "guarantee equal access to opportunities to public
service" could not be enforced without accompanying legislation, and thus could not bar the
disallowance of so-called "nuisance candidates" in presidential elections.[8] But in another case, the
Court held that a provision requiring that the State "protect and advance the right of the people to a
balanced and healthful ecology" did not require implementing legislation to become the source of
operative rights.[9]

Evolution.

Constitution of the Philippines

Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas
Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas

MGA KARAPATANG PANG TAO

The Philippine Bill of Rights is in Article III of the 1987 Constitution.
Mga Karapatang Pantao
Human Rights
karapatang mamuhay
right to live
 kalayaan sa pagsasalita
freedom of speech

pagkakapantay-pantay sa harap ng batas

equality before the law

mga panlipunang karapatan

social rights

mga pangkalinangang karapatan

cultural rights

mga pangkabuhayang karapatan

economic rights (pertaining to livelihood)

ang karapatang makilahok sa kultura

the right to participate in culture

ang karapatan sa pagkain

the right to food

ang karapatang makapaghanapbuhay

the right to work for a living

ang karapatan sa edukasyon

the right to education

mga karapatan ng tao

“rights of man”
= rights of human being
= rights of people

Katipunan ng Mga Karapatan

Bill of Rights

Ang mga karapatang pantao ay ang payak na mga karapatan at mga kalayaang
nararapat na matanggap ng lahat ng mga tao. Human rights are the basic rights and
freedoms to which all humans are entitled.Human Rights Day (HRD) is celebrated
globally on December 10 every year. The focus for 2018 is the abuse by French police
of women and children during the #YellowVests protests in France.