KHÓA LUYỆN THI TOEIC – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG

NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH TÓM LƯỢC – BÀI 18

MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ - RELATIVE CLAUSES

1. WHO : thay thế cho người và làm chức năng chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ.
Ex : The people are very nice. They live next door to me.
 The people who live next to me are very nice.
2. WHOM : thay thế cho người và làm chức năng tân ngữ.
Ex : The girl is my sister. You met her yesterday.
 The girl (whom/ who) you met yesterday is my sister.
3. WHICH : thay thế cho vật và làm chức năng chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ.
Ex : The plane left on time. It flew to the Gold Coast.
 The plane which flew to the Gold Coast left on time.
4. WHOSE + NOUN : chỉ về sở hữu, có thể thay cho người và vật; và làm chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ.
Ex : The girl is my friend. Her father is a doctor.
 The girl whose father is a doctor is my friend.
* Riêng thay cho vật : WHOSE + NOUN = The noun of which
5. THAT : có thể thay thế cho WHO, WHOM, WHICH
RELATIVE ADVERBS (Trạng từ quan hệ)
1. WHEN = ON/ AT/ IN WHICH : chỉ về time.
Ex : Do you remember the day ? We first met on that day.  Do you remember the day when we
first met ?
2. WHERE = ON/ AT/ IN WHICH : chỉ về nơi chốn.
Ex : Opposite my house there is a nice park. There are some beautiful trees in this park.
 Opposite my house there is a nice park, where there are some beautiful trees.
3. WHY = FOR WHICH : chỉ về lí do.
Ex : Please show me the reason. You are so sad for this reason.
 Please show me the reason why you are so sad.
RELATIVE CLAUSES (Mệnh đề quan hệ)
I. Restrictive Relative Clauses : (Mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn) Là mệnh đề mà tiền ngữ đứng trước đại
từ hay trạng từ quan hệ không rõ nghĩa. Ex : The girl (whom) you met yesterday is my sister.
* Notes :
1. Khi đại từ quan hệ WHO, WHOM, WHICH thay thế cho tân ngữ mà nằm trong mệnh đề quan hệ
giới hạn có thể bỏ đi, nhưng nếu trước nó có giới từ thì không được bỏ đi.
2. THAT có thể thay cho WHO, WHOM, WHICH khi nằm trong mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn.
II. Non - Restrictive Relative Clauses : (Mệnh đề quan hệ không giới hạn) Là mệnh đề mà tiền ngữ
đứng trước đại từ hay trạng từ quan hệ đã rõ nghĩa. Ex : That girl, whom you met yesterday, is my
sister.
* Notes :
1. Một tiền ngữ được coi là rõ nghĩa nếu
+ Nó là danh từ riêng : Mai, Tom
+ Trước danh từ có tính từ sở hữu : my, her, …; hay tính từ chỉ thị : this, that, these, those

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2. Nếu là mệnh đề quan hệ không giới hạn phải có dấu phẩy (comma)
+ Ta dùng 1 dấu phẩy nếu mệnh đề quan hệ nằm sau mệnh đề chính.
+ Ta dùng 2 dấu phẩy nếu mệnh đề quan hệ nằm giữa mệnh đề chính.
3. Đại từ quan hệ WHO, WHOM, WHICH khi thay cho tân ngữ mà nằm trong mệnh đề quan hệ
không giới hạn không được bỏ đi.
4. WHICH thay cho toàn bộ mệnh đề đầu, thì cũng có đấu phẩy.
Ex : He said he had no money. This was not true.  He said he had no money, which was not true.
5. THAT không được dùng trong mệnh đề quan hệ không giới hạn.
EXECISES

Choose the best answer:

1. I gave her all the money …… I had.
A. which B. that C.  D. All are correct
2. The chair …… I was sitting on wasn’t very comfortable.
A. that B. where C. when D. whom
3. A friend of mine, …… father is the manager of a company, helps me to get a job.
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
4. The ladder …… I was standing began to slip.
A. which B. in which C. at which D. on which
5. He showed us the house…………….he was born.
A. which B. in which C. in where D. in that
6. His latest book, ……, is about his adventure in Canada.
A. which published last week C. which was published last week
B. that was published last week D. to be published last week
7. That is the house in ..............I used to live.
A. that B. which C. where D. there
8. I'll never forget the day .............. I first met you.
A. at when B. at which C. on when D. on which
9. They own an original Picasso painting, .............. is over a million dollars.
A. of which the value B. the value of which C. which of the value D. of the value which
10. I met the boy .............. is the president of the corporation.
A. whose father B. father of whom C. who's father D. of whom father
BT TỰ LUYỆN CÓ ĐÁP ÁN:

1. This is the place _________ I met my wife.

A. what B. where C. which D. that
2. Simon is the man _________ Mary loves.
A. who B. which C. whom D. A&C
3. She is the one _________ I told you about.
A. what B. which C. whose D. that
4. Those _________ had studied hard passed their exams.
A. what B. which C. who D. whose
5. The magazine _________ you lent me is interesting.
A. what B. which C. whom D. whose
6. The man _________ is resting is very tired.
A. what B. which C. whom D. who

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 KHÓA LUYỆN THI TOEIC – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG

7. The boy _________ sat next to you is my friend.

A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
8. We are using books _________ were printed last year.
A. what B. who C. which D. whose
9. The painting_________Ms. Wallace bought was very expensive.
A. whom B. whose C. which D. where
10. The homeless people_____story appeared in the paper last week have now found a place to live.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
11. __________ is your favourite sport, swimming or running.
A. What B. Which C. Whom D. Whose
12. Were the Wright brothers the ones __________built the first aeroplane?
A. which B. whom C. whose D. that
13. I don't like stories________ have unhappy endings.
A. where B. which C. they D. who
14. She, ________ is your sister, lives far away.
A. which B. who C. whom D. she
15. I see some girls ________ are pretty.
A. whom B. which C. who D. they
16. Give back the money ________ you took.
A. it B. who C. whom D. which
17. He was killed by a man ________ friends we know.
A. whose B. which C. whom D. that
18. He spoke to the messengers with ________ you were leaving.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. that
19. We captured a town ________ is in Spain.
A. whom B. where C. which D. it
20. The farmers ________ we saw were in the field.
A. whose B. which C. they D. whom
21. The women ________ I gave the money were glad.
A. to whom B. to that C. for whom D. for that
21. The film about _____ they are talking is fantastic.
A. who B. which C. whom D. that
22. The people ____ for the bus in the rain are getting well
A. waiting B. to wait C. waited D. wait
23. He is the boy _______ is my best friend
A. that B. whom C. who D. A& C
24. I have a message for people _____ by the traffic chaos.
A. to delay B. who delay C. delayed D. who delaying
25. I live in a pleasant room ____________ the garden.
A. to overlook B. overlooking
C. overlooked D. which overlooking
26. Melanie was the only person _____ a letter of thanks.
A. wrote B. written C. to write D. writing
27. The pilot was the only man _______ after the crash.
A.was rescued B. rescued
C. rescuing D. to be rescued
28. I met a lot of new people at the party ________ names I can’t remember.
A. whose B. which C. who D. whom
29. I’ll see you near the post office ___________ we met the other day.

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 KHÓA LUYỆN THI TOEIC – Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG

A. which B. where C. when D. why

30. Tell me the reason ______ you were absent yesterday.
A. where B. when C. why D. that
31.There was a time ____ dinosaurs dominated the earth.
A. which B. when C. that D. A & B
32. Summer is the time of the year _________ the weather is the hottest.
A. when B. which C. that D. B & C
33. Do you know the man about _______ they’re talking?
A. whom B. whose C. that D. A & C
34. What’s the name of the blonde girl _____ just came in?
A. who B. whose C. whom D. A & B
35. I don’t like people ________ lose their tempers easily.
A. who B. whose C. that D. A & C
36. I don’t like people _______ never stops talking.
A. that B. whose C. where D. whom
37. It _____in Hanoi _____ I was born and grew up.
A. is / that B. was / that C. was / which D. is / which
38. It____ Lan _____ always helps him in his trouble.
A. was/ who B. was/ that C. is / who D. is / which
39. It was The World Cup _______in Korea and Japan.
A. which was held B. that were held
C. that was held D. that held
40. Marie,_______ I met at the party, called me last night.
A. that B. whom C. which D. whose

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