Good luck to all of my students

RELATIVE PRONOUNS AND RELATIVE CLAUSES

I. Relative pronouns (Đại từ quan hệ)
Đtừ/ trạng từ quan hệ Cách dùng Ví dụ
Which ( chủ ngữ) N(vật) + which + V I have a book which is very interesting
Which ( tân ngữ) N(vật) + which + S + V This is the book which my father gave me
Who ( chủ ngữ) N (người) + who + V I have a sister who is a doctor
Whom ( tân ngữ) N (người) + whom + S + V The girl whom you met yesterday is my friend
Whose ( chủ ngữ) N (người/vật) whose +N + V This is the man whose daughter is good at maths
Whose ( tân ngữ) N (người/vật) whose+ N +S+V The man whose son you love is a businessman
When = on/at which Từ chỉ thời gian + when + S+V I'll never forget the day when I met her
Why = for which Từ chỉ lí do + why + S + V Please tell me the reason why you are so tired
Where = in/on/ at which Từ chỉ nơi chốn + Where + S + V That's the house where we are living now
Lưu ý: 1.That:
+ That thay thế cho who, whom, which trong mệnh đề giới hạn (không có dấu phẩy)
+ Không dùng That sau dấu phẩy và sau giới từ
2. Những trường hợp bắt buộc dùng That
+ Sau so sánh nhất
+ Sau các từ "no one, someone, something, everyone, onething, anyone, anything
+ Sau cụm từ chỉ hỗn hợp (cả người và vật) Ex : The man and his dog that ……
+ Trong câu trẻ: It is / was noun / pronoun +that . .. Chính ….mà …..( It is Mary that I admire …
+ Sau only / the first / the last + N ( The first thing that I do is ….
II. Defining and non-defining clauses ( mệnh đề giới hạn/ xác định và không giới hạn)
Defining clause Non-defining clause
♣ A/ An/ the + N + who/ whom ♣ This/ that/ these/ those +N
Which/ whose My/ your/ her/ his/ our/ their
That Tên riêng ( tên người/vật/ nơi chốn)
Ex: The girl is very beautiful. I met her yesterday Ex: My teacher is kind. She teaches me French.
The girl whom/ that I met yesterday is very beautiful My teacher, who teaches me French, is kind.
☻Lưu ý: ☻Lưu ý:
+ Không dùng dấu phẩy ngăn cách MĐ quan hệ với + Phải dùng dấu phẩy ngăn cách MĐ quan hệ với MĐ
MĐ chính chính
+ Có thể thay Which/ who/ whom = that + Không thể thay Which/ who/ whom = that
III. REDUCED FORMS (hình thức rút gọn)
1. Khi các đại từ "Who/ which/ that" đóng vai trò là chủ ngữ, mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn như sau:
Mệnh đề QHệ ở dạng câu chủ động Mệnh đề QHệ ở dạng câu chủ động
♣ N + (who/ which/ that) + V ► N + V-ing ♣ N + (who/ which/ that) + BeV II ► N + VII
Ex: The man who works hard is my neighbor Ex: The book that were written by him is interesting
The man working hard is my neighbor The book written by him is interesting
♣ N + (who/ which/ that) + be +V-ing ►N+Ving
Ex: The boy who is standing overthere is my son
The boy standing overthere is my son
Lưu ý: Dạng rút gọn này còn gọi là dùng hiện tại phân từ (Ving), hay quá khứ phân từ (VII ) để rút gọn
2. Khi các đại từ "Whom/ which/ that" đóng vai trò là tân ngữ trong mệnh đề quan hệ khi rút gọn ta chỉ việc bỏ
đại từ quan hệ
Ex: I don't like the house. They are talking about it ►I don't like the house (which/ that) they are talking about.
3. Khi phía trước mệnh đề quan hệ là các từ chỉ số thứ tự/ so sánh nhất ( the only/ the first/ the second …/ the
smallest/ the most beautiful…./ the last …) thì mệnh đề quan hệ được rút gọn như sau
Mệnh đề QHệ ở dạng câu chủ động Mệnh đề QHệ ở dạng câu chủ động
♣ N + (who/ which/ that) +V/ be+Ving ► N + to +V ♣ N + (who/ which/ that) + BeV II ► N + to be +VII
Ex: Gagarin was the first human who flew into space Ex: This was the biggest house which was built in this way
Gagarin was the first human to fly into space This was the biggest house to be built in this way

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 Good luck to all of my students
PRACTICE ON RELATIVE PRONOUNS AND RELATIVE CLAUSES
I. Complete the below sentences by choosing the best answer.
1. That’s the house .................. we used to live for many years.
A. where B. which C. that D. there
2. Marie Curie, .................... discovered radium, was a French physicist.
A. whom B. who C. that D. which
3. Don’t worry about.............. she said.
A. what B. who C. which D. why
4. The children for .................. we are looking are my teacher’s.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
5. The place ................. we had out holiday last time was not beautiful.
A. which B. where C. there D. that
6. London is the city in ……… I was born.
A. which B. where C. there D. that
7. Do you know a nearby restaurant ……….has good food?
A. who B. where C. whose D. that
8. This is the bank ………was robbed yesterday.
A. which B. where C. who D. what
9. What was the name of the girl ……… you phoned last night?
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
10. Amy, ……car had broken down, was in a very bad mood.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
11. What’s the name of the man________?
A. you borrowed his car B. which car you borrowed C. whose car you borrowed D. his car you borrowed
12. Colin told me about his job,_______ very much.
A. that he’s enjoying B. which he’s enjoying C. he’s enjoying D. he’s enjoying it
13. Sheila couldn’t come to the party, _______ was a pity.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
14. Some of the people ______ to the party can’t come.
A. inviting B. invited C. who invited D. they were invited
15. They give their children everything _____ they want.
A. what B. x C. who D. how
16. The women ______ he fell in love left him after a few weeks.
A. with whom B. who C. to whom D. for whom
17. Do you still remember the day ______ we first met?
A. where B. whom C. which D. when
18. This school is often for children _____ first language is not English.
A. who B. that C. whose D. x
19. They asked me a lot of questions, _____ I couldn’t answer.
A. all of whom B. that C. all of which D. who
20. A chemical company ______ has gone bankrupt.
A. to employ 4000 people B. employing 4000 people C. employ 4000 people D. that was employed 4000 people
21. The picture ______ Laura painted is being shown in an exhibition.
A. that B. which C. why D. A and B
22. The week _____ Mike went to camping was the wettest of the year.
A. which B. when C. how D. who
23. Which is the European country ______ economy is growing the fastest?
A. who B. what C. whose D. that
24. Melanie was looking after a dog ______ leg had been broken in an accident.
A. who B. whose C. that D. what
25. It rained all the time, _____ was a great pity.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
26. The scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) ______ by high school students as a requirement for admission to many
colleges.
A. which is taken B. is taken C. taken D. is taking
27. I have just bought a television set ______ in Japan.
A. which made B. in which made C. who is made D. made
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 Good luck to all of my students
28. David was the only person _____ his help.
A. offers B. to offer C. will offer D. offering
29. They took her to the hospital, ______is only a mile away.
A. which B. where C. in which D. that
30. I always remember my school day ______I felt very happy together with my classmates and teachers.
A. on which B. on that C. where D. which
31. Tennis fans _____ tickets have been queuing all night at Wimbledon.
A. hoped to buy B. whom hoped to buy C. hoping to buy D. who are hoped to buy
32. Tom was the last member ______ the club last night.
A. that leaves B. left C. to leave D. who leaving
33. The authority have a message for people ______ by the traffic.
A. delaying B. who delayed C. to be delayed D. delayed
34. The guest on our program will be the youngest _______ the quiz.
A. to win B. that wins C. who is winning D. won
35. The building _____ by Mr. Pike looks terrible.
A. which decorated B. decorating C. whose decorated D. decorated
36. _______ that Columbus sailed to America.
A. In 1492 B. It was in 1492 C. That was in 1492 D. It is in 1492
37. The meeting _____ was very boring.
A. that Jane attended B. where Jane attended C. who Jane attended D. attending by Jane
38. The movie ______ last night was terrific.
A. I went to B. I went to it C. I went D. that I went
39. The girl _____ near the door is my new friend.
A. who is standing B. standing C. that is standing D. all are correct
40. Please tell me ______ you look so sad.
A. why the reason B. the reason why C. that the reason D. the reason that
41. I have two sisters _____ are doctors.
A. both of which B. who both C. both of whom D. whom both
42. I never forget ______.
A. the day on which I first met you B. the day when I first met you
C. the day on that I first met you D. A and B
43. Do you know any restaurant ______?
A. have a really good meal B. where we can have a really good meal
C. has a really good meal D. that we can have a really good meal
44. The party _______ wasn’t enjoyable.
A. we went B. which we went to last night
C. where we went to D. that we went to party last night
II. Circle one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct.
1. Every student who are absent from class too often will not be allowed to take the exam.
A B C D
2. Marie Curie, that discovered radium, was a French physicist.
A B C D
3. On the way home, we saw a lot of men, women, and dogs which were playing in the park.
A B C D
4. The man whom remained in the office was the manager.
A B C D
5. This novel, which written by a well known writer, should be read.
A B C D
6. My friend George, that arrived late, was not permitted to enter the class.
A B C D
7. Chemistry is one branch of science on that most of the industries depend.
A B C D
8. 1975 is the year in when the revolution took place.
A B C D
9. The hotel where we stay in last year was excellent.
A B C D
10. At last they found the woman and her cat which were badly injured by the fire.
A B C D
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 Good luck to all of my students
11. New Year day is the day where all my family members gather and enjoy together.
A B C D
12. Alan said that it was her which had stolen his suitcase.
A B C D
13. Stratford is the town there William Shakespeare, a great Enligh playwright was born and died.
A B C D
14. The biggest city in Brazil is Sao Paulo which population is over 5 million.
A B C D
15. She is one of my relatives who get a Ph. D degree.
A B C D
III. Choose the sentence that best combines the two pairs
1. They asked me abot of questions. I couldn't answer most of them.
A. They asked me a lot of question which I couldn't answer most of them.
B. They asked me a lot of questions, I couldn't answer most of which.
C. They asked me a lot of questions, most of which I couldn’t answer.
D. They asked me a lot of questions, most of them I couldn’t answer.
2. Mary has three brothers. All of her brothers are married.
A. Mary has three brothers, all of them are married. B. Mary has three brothers, all of whom are married.
C. Mary has three brothers all of whom are married. D. Mary has three brothers of who are married.
3. Neil couldn't come to the party. This was a pity.
A. Neil couldn't come to the party that was a pity. B. Neil couldn't come to the party, that was a pity.
C. Neil couldn't come to the party which was a pity. D. Neil couldn't come to the party, which was a pity.
4. I didn't talk much to the woman. The woman sat next to me on the train.
A. I didn't talk much to the woman whom sat next to me on the train.
B. I didn't talk much to the woman sitting next to me on the train.
C. I didn't talk much to the woman sat next to me on the train.
D. I didn't talk much to the woman, who sat next to me on the train.
5. Mr Carter is very interested in our plan. I spoke to him on the phone last night.
A. Mr Carter, to whom I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan.
B. Mr Carter who I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan
C. Mr Carter, who is very interested in our plan, I spoke to on the phone last night.
D. Mr Carter is very interested in our plan to whom I spoke on the phone last night.
6. I went to see the doctor. The doctor told me to rest for a few days.
A. I went to see the doctor who told me to rest for a few days.
B. I went to see the doctor, whom told me to rest for a few days.
C. The doctor, that I went to see, told me to rest for a few days.
D. The doctor told me to rest for a few days who I went to see.
7. That's the place. The accident occurred there.
A. That's the place where the accident occurred. B. That's the place where the accident occurred there.
B. That's the place in that the accident occurred. D. That's the place in which the accident occurred there.
8. Tom was in very a very bad mood. His car had broken down.
A. Tom was in very a very bad mood whose car had broken down.
B. Tome who's car had broken down was in very a very bad mood.
C. Tom, whose car had broken down, was in very a very bad mood.
D. Tom, who was in very a very bad mood, his car had broken down.
9. Mike speaks French and Italian. He works as a tourist guide.
A. Mike who speaks French and Italian works as a tourist guide.
B. Mike, that speaks French and Italian works as a tourist guide.
C. Mike speaks French and Italian who works as a tourist guide.
D. Mike, who speaks French and Italian, works as a tourist guide.
10. What is the name of the man? You borrowed his car.
A. What is the name of the man who you borrowed his car?
B. What is the name of the man you borrowed whose car?
C. What is the name of the man whose car you borrowed him?
D. What is the name of the man whose car you borrowed ?
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