SESSION GUIDE FOR CRITICAL CONTENT PERIODIC TABLE – GRADE 8

Session Title: THE PERIODIC TABLE

No. of Male Female
Participants
Participants Grade 8 National Trainers
Profile
Duration 7 Hours

I. OBJECTIVES
Learning Competencies:
The learners’ should be able to…

4. trace the development of the periodic table from observations based on

similarities in properties of elements (S8MT-IIIg-h-11); and
5. use the periodic table to predict the chemical behaviour of an element (S8MT-
IIIi-j-12).

II. KEY UNDERSTANDING / CONTENT

3. Periodic Table (PT) of Elements
3.1 Development of the PT
3.2 Arrangement of elements
3.3 Reactive and nonreactive metals
III. REFERENCES
Text References Development of the PT
Arrangement of the Elements

1. EASE Science II. Module 11. Lesson 1.

2. Chemistry III Textbook. Mapa, Amelia P., Ph.D., et al. 2001. pp. 86-88. *
3. Science and Technology III. NISMED. 1997. pp. 237-245.
4. Science and Technology I: Integrated Science Textbook for First Year. Villamil, Aurora M., Ed.D. 1998. pp.
52-53. *
5. Science 8 Learner’s Module. Campo, Pia C., et al. 2013. pp. 211-212.

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 Reactive and Nonreactive Metals

1. EASE Science II. Module 11. Lesson 2.

2. Chemistry III Textbook. Mapa, Amelia P., Ph.D., et al. 2001. pp. 90-91.
3. Science and Technology III. NISMED. 1997. pp. 253-259.
4. Science and Technology I: Integrated Science Textbook. NISMED. 2012. pp. 60-61.
5. Science 8 Learner’s Module. Campo, Pia C., et al. 2013. pp. 212-217.

Online References http://raka1.fortidyndns.com:8082/mod/resource/view.php?id=4667

https://www.csun.edu/science/chemistry/periodic_table/periodic_table1.ppt

https://education.jlab.org/jsat/powerpoint/periodic_table.ppt

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5H1SeepnaU

Others UP NISMED Prerequisites for Grade 8 Periodic Table Powerpoint Presentation

Batusan, E.L.; Delos Santos, G.M. Teaching Resource Package. S&T – Chemistry.
UP-ISMED, DECS.

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IV. SESSION GUIDE
OBJECTIVE KEY LEARNING POINTS METHODOLOGIES / ACTIVITY MATERIALS TIME /
The / SLIDE NO. DURATION
participants
should be able
to:
4. trace the • A mixture is made Say: Slides 1-10 15 mins
development when two or more Good morning / afternoon, everyone.
of the substances are Today, we will be discussing Critical Content
periodic table combined, but they for the Periodic Table of Elements.
are not combined
from
chemically. But before we go into the critical contents,
observations
• General properties of let us go into how the lessons regarding the
based on a mixture: Periodic Table were spiraled and developed
similarities in – The from Grade 5 to the current Grade 8.
properties of components of
elements a mixture can Do:
(S8MT-IIIg-h- be easily Discuss the learning competencies
11); separated presented and the prerequisites to the study
– The of the Periodic Table.
components
each keep their Emphasize (slide 3-4):
original Relate oxygen in Grade 5 to the Periodic
properties table.
– The proportion Relate application of heat (when oxygen
of the burns) to the properties of elements.
components is
variable Discuss:
Substances vs Mixtures (slide 7)
• Categories of Mixtures
– Uniform Emphasize:
appearance In Grade 6, mixtures are classified as uniform
(homogeneous or non-uniform in appearance (slide 5) and
mixtures)

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 examples salt, relate in Grade 7 that mixture are classified
seawater, air, as substances and mixtures (slide 6).
blood
– Non-uniform
appearance
(heterogeneous
mixtures)
examples
chocolate chip
cookies, pizza,
rocks)

4. trace the Needed background to Say: Slides 11-15

development understand ELEMENTS:
of the  Product labels – most
periodic table familiar to the students
 Commonly used
from
products at home are
observations
mixtures of different
based on substances.
similarities in  Mixtures are usually
properties of composed of more
elements than one compound.
(S8MT-IIIg-h-  Compounds are
11); made up of more
than one element.
Elements have properties that can be used 30 mins
to arrange the elements in the Periodic
Table. In order for students to appreciate
this, product labels can be used, Let us
have an activity regarding this.
Do:
Discuss Slides 11-12
Activity 1: Product Labels and Its
Components

Do: Slides16-24 30 mins

Discuss Slide 16-24
Say: Slide 25 5 mins
To summarize, in Grade 5, learners have
learned the element oxygen and is
combustible property that leads to
production of heat.

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 In Grade 6, product labels were used to
discuss how elements can be found in
compounds, which can be found as
mixtures in different products.

In Grade 7, students learned the different

properties of matter like physical and
chemical properties.
4. trace the Say: Slides 26-34 25 mins
development After knowing how the lessons in Grade 5 to
of the Grade 7 are related in the lessons in Grade
periodic table 8, let us move on to the learning
competencies in Grade 8 Periodic table.
from
observations
Do:
based on Discuss Slide 26-27
similarities in
properties of Activity 2: Build Me Up!
elements
(S8MT-IIIg-h- Say:
11); Just like in the activity, chemists were
searching for bases to arrange the elements
into groups.

What do you think is the basis for arranging

the elements in the Modern Periodic Table?
4. trace the Dobereiner – triads Say: Slide 35-39 30 mins
development Demerit In order to know better our Critical Content
of the Area on the Historical Development of the
periodic table Newlands – Octaves Periodic Table, a video will be presented.
Please take note of the guide questions that
from
Mendeleev – periodic table you will answer during the video.
observations
based on increasing atomic

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based on mass and group according Show:
similarities in to same reactivity Slide 35
properties of
elements Moseley – periodic table Show:
based on increasing atomic Video on the Historical Development of the
(S8MT-IIIg-h-
numer Periodic Table.
11);
Stop on Time 0:47
1:40
2:43
5:37
6:04

Note:
Please change the link in Slide 36 to the
address of the video.

Do:
Discuss the video (Slides 37-39)

• Atomic number is also Say: Slides 40-45 30 mins

the number of protons The Periodic Table was developed for
in an atom. elements to have an arrangement based
on their properties. The modern periodic
• The number of protons table is arranged in increasing atomic
identifies the element. number as described in the Periodic Law.
Before we go on how elements are
• Mass Number. An arranged in the periodic table, let us first
integer number of have some prerequisites about the atom.
atomic mass units;
however, the atomic Show:
mass on the periodic Slide 40
table is stated as a

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 decimal number Do:
because it is an Activity 2: Count Me In
average of the various
isotopes of an Ask:
element. How do we determine the number of
• The average number neutrons in a neutral atom?
of neutrons for an
element can be found Show:
by subtracting the Slides 41-45 and discuss.
number of protons
(atomic number) from
the atomic mass.

Say: Slide 46 5 min

Another key information in the periodic
table is the mass number. It can be
computed by adding the number of
protons and the number of electrons.

Emphasize:
That the atomic number is based on the
number of protons because the number of
protons are very hard to change in the
nucleus.
Say: Slide 47-48 5 mins
Elements are represented by using the
standard notation.

Show:
Slide 47-48
Show: Slide 49 5 mins
Slide 49 and discuss.

Say:

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5. use the 1. Cations and anions
periodic table are both ions.
to predict the 2. Positive ions are called
chemical cations while negative
ions are called anions
behaviour of
3. An element that that
an element
gain an electron forms
(S8MT-IIIi-j-12) anions.
4. An element that loses
an electron forms a
cation.
Since we are dealing with loss or gain of
electrons, let us go into ions.
Show: Slide 50-53 5 mins
Slide 50-53 and discuss
Say;
We are now done with the historical
development of the periodic table, on how
elements are represented.
We will now move on how elements are
arranged in the periodic table.

Say; Slide 54 5 mins

Before we go into the arrangement of
elements in the periodic table, let us have
an activity.
5. use the Do: Slide 55-59 60 mins
periodic table Activity 4: TRENDY
to predict the
chemical Note: Let the groups present their work.
Show the answer afterwards.
behaviour of
an element
(S8MT-IIIi-j-12)
Valence electrons – Say: Slide 60-63 10 mins
outermost electrons Based on the TRENDY activity, elements can
be arranged based on atomic number and
Octet Rule – states that properties can be deduced.
elements gain or lose
electrons to attain an
electron configuration of the

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 nearest noble gas, to Another prerequisite to the Periodic Table is
become stable. valence. Let us discuss valence and octet
rule.

Show:
Slide 60-63

5. use the Period – rows Say: Slide 64-78 15 mins

periodic table Groups / Families – columns While we are discussing Slide 64-78, please
to predict the answer Worksheet 2.
chemical
Do:
behaviour of
Worksheet 2
an element
(S8MT-IIIi-j-12)
Show: Slide 79 1 min
Discuss Slide 79
5. use the Show: Slide 80-84 14 mins
periodic table Slide 80-84
to predict the
chemical Do:
Q&A on Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids (Slide
behaviour of
83-84)
an element
(S8MT-IIIi-j-12)
5. use the Reactivity of Metals Say: Slide 85-89 20 mins
periodic table Across a period – decreasing To have better knowledge on another trend
to predict the Down a group – increasing in the periodic table, in this case, reactivity,
chemical let us have an activity.
behaviour of
Do:
an element
Worksheet 3: React
(S8MT-IIIi-j-12) Discuss guide questions

Show:

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 Slide 88 and discuss
Slide 89 and answer
5. use the Say: Slide 90-91 5 mins
periodic table Metallic property Another trend in the periodic table is
to predict the Across a period – decreasing metallic property. Metallic property
chemical Down a group - increasing decreases across a period and increases
down a group.
behaviour of
an element
(S8MT-IIIi-j-12)
5. use the Atomic Size Say: Slide 92-96 15 mins
periodic table Across a period – decreasing Atomic radius or atomic size describes how
to predict the Down a group - increasing large an atom is. Let us deduce its trend in
chemical the periodic table.
behaviour of
Show:
an element
Slide 93
(S8MT-IIIi-j-12)
Do:
Discuss slide 94-95 .

Do:
Worksheet 4
Do: Slide 97- 10 mins
Summarize the lessons 100

Say:
Those are the critical content area for the
Periodic Table in Grade 8. How the lesson
were spiraled and connections to the
current Grade8 lessons were also shown. As
trainers/teachers, we must have the
necessary prerequisite knowledge and skills

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 to make our students appreciate and better
learn the periodic table.

Thank you and good day!

TOTAL NUMBER OF HOURS 6 hours

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