Step 2 - to recognize the electrodynamic and waves applications

Individual work

Student name
Yuheidy Barrios Fragozo
Group 203058_30
Identification number
1082887259
Tutor
Omar Leonardo leyton

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA UNAD

Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Tecnología e Ingeniería
Teoría Electromagnética y Ondas
2019 16-04
 Introduction

The following work will address different topics, given in the activity guide to answer
different questions; also adapt topics such as the propagation of waves in different
media, such as determining the impedance, the tangent of losses, minimum parameters
to determine the behavior of the propagation media.
applying the concepts of physics and electromagnetism to determine the behavioral
parameters of electromagnetic waves when propagating in open media, using
mathematical methods to solve application exercises.
 Questions: (write with your own words)

1. What do you mean propagation medium open for electromagnetic

waves?

R \ are those that do not need a material means to propagate, including among
others visible light and radio, telephone and television waves all propagate in a
vacuum at a speed of 3000000Km / s

2. Within the propagation mediums, what is mean by the tangent of losses?

R / The tangent of loss allows the analysis of conduction and polarization losses.
Therefore, it is the loss of power in the middle.
It refers to the parameter that depends on the characteristics of the medium and
the frequency of the signal and determines the relationship between the
conduction current and the displacement.
The type of medium can be determined by means of the loss tangent because it
is a measure of the quality of an insulation, the lower the conduction current
compared to the displacement current, the better the quality of the electrical
insulation

3. Of what physical variables does the value of the tangent of losses

depend?
R / The value of the loss tangent is a measure of the quality of an insulation,
between
the lower the conduction current compared to the displacement current the better
it is
The quality of electrical insulation.
And the value depends on the propagation constant and the attenuation constant

4. How are the propagation medium classified from the tangent of losses?
R / According to the loss tangent, we can classify the media as follows:
-tan⁡ (δ) ≥10 → Good driver
 -tan⁡ (δ) <0.01 → Good insulator
-0.01 <Tan (δ) <10 → Dissipative dielectric
-Tan (δ) = 0 → Dielectricoperfecto
-Tan (δ) → ∞ → Perfect conductor.

5. What are the propagation parameters of the waves through a medium?

R / The amplitude: It is the maximum elongation or what is the same the
maximum distance of any point of the measured wave with respect to its
equilibrium position its joined A, is expressed in units of length (m).
-The wavelength: It is the distance between two successive points that are
in the same state of vibration (same elongation, speed and acceleration)
It is symbolized by the Greek letter λ (lambda) expressed in units of (m).

• FREQUENCY: is the amount of vibrations that the wave makes in a given

time
SPEED: it can be done in two ways knowing the distance traveled and the time
or if not multiplying the wavelength by the frequency
 Application exercises:

1. Calculate the tangent of losses Tan (δ) and the angle of losses δ of the medium
chosen in Table 1, if through it travel an electromagnetic wave E of frequency
𝑓 = 𝐶𝐶𝐶 𝑀𝐻𝑧. Note that 𝐶𝐶𝐶 are the first 3 digits of your identification number:

𝜎 𝜎
𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝛿) = = =
𝜔𝜀 2𝜋𝑓εr ε𝑜
𝑓 = 108 𝑀𝐻𝑧
𝜎 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑑𝑢𝑙𝑐𝑒 = 1 ∗ 10−3
∈𝑟 = 80

𝜎 1 ∗ 10−3
𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝛿) = = =
𝜔𝜀 1 −9
2𝜋108 ∗ 80 36𝜋 ∗ 10

𝛿 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛−1 8.841920 = 1.458°

2. According to the result obtained in point 1, classify the behavior of the chosen
medium according to one of the 5 options in Table 2:
 Media Tan(δ) δ [°]
1. Perfect dielectrics (Not dissipative) Tan(δ) = 0 δ = 0°
2. Good insulators (Lost low dielectric) 0 < Tan(δ) <= 0,1 0° < δ <= 6°
3. Dissipative dielectrics (Dielectrics with losses) 0,1 < Tan(δ) <= 10 6° < δ <= 84°
4. Good conductors (Good conductors) Tan(δ) > 10 84°< δ < 90°
5. Perfect conductors (Perfect conductors) Tan(δ) >>> 10 δ = 90°
Table 2: Classification of propagation media.

3. According to the classification obtained in point 2 and using Table 3 shown below,
calculate the following propagation parameters of the wave in the chosen
medium:
a. Propagation constant  (gamma).
b. Attenuation constant  (Alpha).
c. Phase constant  (Beta).
d. Intrinsic impedance  (Eta).

Table 3: Propagation parameters in open media.

Not Lost low Dielectrics with Good

Parameter
dissipative dielectric losses conductors
 𝑗𝜔√𝜇𝜀 𝑗𝜔√𝜇𝜀 √𝑗𝜔𝜇(𝜎 + 𝑗𝜔𝜀) √𝑗𝜔𝜎𝜇𝑜

 0 𝜎𝜂⁄2 𝑅𝑒() √𝜋𝑓𝜎𝜇𝑜

 𝜔√𝜇𝜀 𝜔√𝜇𝜀 𝐼𝑚() 𝑗√𝜋𝑓𝜎𝜇𝑜

 √𝜇⁄𝜀 √𝜇⁄𝜀 √𝑗𝜔𝜇⁄(𝜎 + 𝑗𝜔𝜀) √𝑗𝜔𝜇𝑜 ⁄𝜎

 Dielectrics with losses

√𝑗𝜔𝜇(𝜎 + 𝑗𝜔𝜀)

𝑅𝑒()

𝐼𝑚()

√𝑗𝜔𝜇⁄(𝜎 + 𝑗𝜔𝜀)

4. According to the results obtained in point 3 and using the following equations,
calculate the propagation characteristics of the wave in the chosen medium:
a. Propagation speed 𝒗𝒑 .
b. Wavelength 𝝀.
c. Speed factor 𝒇𝒗 .
d. Refractive index 𝒏.

5. According to the parameters obtained in the previous points and knowing that the
maximum value of the E wave is 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝑽/𝒎, calculate:
e. The penetration depth of the 𝜹𝒑 wave in the medium.
f. The power 𝑷𝒐 transmitted by the wave in the medium.
g. The %𝒍𝒐𝒔𝒔𝒆𝒔 of wave amplitude per unit length.
 Conclusions

• Conclusion 1: It is possible to identify the behavior of the electromagnetic waves of

propagation in various media and the characteristics of the medium in which the waves
are found and affect them are known.

• Conclusion 2:
The different components that are applied in this activity are understood, such as the
magnetic field, electric field, attenuation constant, angular frequency, intrinsic
impedance, permeability, penetration depth, permittivity.
 Bibliography

Greetings, dear students, I share the alternate bibliography in Spanish for the
thematic exploration of unit 1.
Paz, A. (2013). Electrodinámica y ondas. Capítulo 6. Electromagnetismo para
Ingeniería electrónica. pp.196-247. Recovered
from https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/19YZ4Qqz2kgcANazq6ZPLhvVH7_Yolvmi?
usp=sharing

Chen, W. (2005). The Electrical Engineering Handbook. Boston: Academic Press. (pp.
513-519). Recovered
from http://bibliotecavirtual.unad.edu.co/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login
.aspx?direct=true&db=nlebk&AN=117152&lang=es&site=ehost-
live&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_513