WORKING AT HEIGHTS - SS - ENGG-03 Version 8 23.08.19

WORKING AT HEIGHTS AND CONTINUOUS
FALL PROTECTION
Safety Standard
Document no: SS/ENGG-03
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Version: 8.0, Issue Date: 23 Aug 2019
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Name & Ajay Pratap, Devdutt Mawal, Kalyan Prasad
Designation Vikram Pratap Tripathy , Chief, Field-Maint
Ajay Saini Mech.
Ajay Kumar Singh,
Varun Kumar Singh,
Manoj Kumar, Pankaj Kumar
Singh, Manoj K Sahoo ,Dhiraj
Pandey
Manoj Kumar, Atanu Mandal Sharat Chandra Kumar
Prepared by Authorised by
CONFIDENTIALITY
The information contained in this document is confidential to Tata Steel. Accordingly, copyright of this
document is retained with Tata Steel and no copying in any format of this document is permitted
without the written permission from the approver of this document.
SAFETY STANDARD – WORKING AT HEIGHTS Page 2 of 101
AND CONTINUOUS FALL PROTECTION
SS/ENGG-03, Version-08 23 Aug 2019
Change Authorization
Document Number SS/ENGG-03
Apex Safety Management System & Audit
Overall Process Owner
Sub-committee, Tata Steel.
Process Change Authorization Standard Owner - TSL
To be Reviewed By Standard Owner – TSL
Periodicity of Review of this Document Three years
Version Control History

Ver. Date Version Details Prepared by Authorised by
Detailing of rope access Pankaj Kumar
system added as section Singh/ Mr.D
9.0 Mawal/A Pratap/V
Correction in definition P Tripathy/Varun
Singh/Ajay Kalyan Prasad
and specification of
8.0 23 Aug, 2019
Life Line installation
7.2.5.5
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/Ajay Kumar Singh
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Approach requirements
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for new and existing
chimneys/ stacks/ flare
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Manoj Kumar,
Atanu Mandal
Sharat Chandra
Kumar
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Rope Access System
part revised. Few
visuals & clauses added
for roof work safety &
fall protection Manoj Kumar / S N Baidyanath Saha /
7.0 16th July, 2018
requirements, Upadhyay Kalyan Prasad
Drawings of ladders,
stairs revised. Support
requirements at heights
for scaffold added
6.0 10th Mar, 2016 6th Revision Manoj Kumar Baidyanath Saha
A.R.Majumdar
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5.0 28 Sept, 2011 5 Revision /Manoj Kumar/ S B K S N Ghatak
Sinha/ Alok K Jha
Table of Contents
1.0 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................. .......5
2.0 Reference……………………………………………………………………………………………….5
3.0 Applicability ............................................................................................................................................................5
4.0 Responsibility……………………………….…………………………………………………………..5
5.0 Associated Hazards..................................................................................................................................................5
6.0 Definitions …………………………………………………………………………………………..5-6
6.1 Types of personal anchorages...........................................................................................................7
6.1.1 Good Anchorages................................................................................................................... ....7
6.1.2 Poor Anchorages.....................................................................................................................,,,.7
6.2 Horizontal rope system ( static line)...............................................................................................7-8
6.3 Safe use practices for horizontal lines...............................................................................................8
6.4 Permanenet horizontal line system ...............................................................................................8-9
6.5 Temporary static line system ........................................................................................................9-10
6.6 Free fall clearance ( Static lines……………………………………………………………………….10-11
6.7 Further reading & tool box meeting reference..................................................................................11
7.0 Procedure ............................................................................................................................. .................11
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7.1 Steps to take before working at height.........................................................................................11-13
7.2 Continuous Fall protection.................................................................................................................13
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7.2.0 General...................................................................................................................................13-14
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7.2.1 Systematic approach to continuous fall protection.....................................................................14
7.2.1.1 Eliminate fall hazards..........................................................................................................14
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7.2.1.2 Prevent falls.........................................................................................................................14
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7.2.1.3 Use the people fall arrest equipment...................................................................................14
7.2.2 Preparing written fall protection plans .......................................................................................14
7.2.3 Training Employees.....................................................................................................................14
7.2.4 Eliminating fall hazards & protecting falls .................................................................................................. 15
7.2.5 Controlling falls…………………………………... .................................................................................... 15
7.2.5.1 Personal fall arrest system ……………………………………….………………… ..15-16
7.2.5.2 Retractable Lifelines ……………………………………………………… ......16
7.2.5.3 Ladder safety system……………………………………………………………………...16
7.2.5.4 Safety net system… ……………………………………………………………… ....16-17
7.2.5.5 Lifeline Installation. ..…………………………........................................................... 17-18
7.2.5.6 Ancharage .…………………………………………………………….............................18
7.2.6 Most common and most dangerous fall hazards. …………………………………………… ..18
7.2.6.1 Erecting & Dismantling scaffolds...…………………………………………………… ..18
7.2.6.2 Pile Driving ………………………………………… ......................................................18
7.2.6.3 Erecting cooling towers …………………..……………………………….......................18
7.2.6.4 Working in confined spaces.…………………………………………………...................19

7.2.7 Recommended Manufactures and Models of Fall Protection Equipment…………… .19
7.2.7.1 Standard Harnesses…........................................................................................................ 19
7.2.7.2 Standard Lanyards…......................................................................................................19-20
7.3 Safe approaches for working at heights.............................................................................................20
7.3.1 Portable scaffold..................................................................................................................... ....20
7.3.1.1 Important points.............................................................................................................20-21
7.3.1.2 Stability...............................................................................................................................21
7.3.1.3 General principle to improve stability................................................................................21
7.3.1.4 Specific recommendation to improve stability...............................................................21-22
7.3.2 Non adjustable casters ........................................................... ........................................22
7.3.3 Adjustable casters....................................................................................................................22-23
7.3.4 Pictorials of portable scaffolds, approach ladders ............................. ..............23-25
7.4 Approach ladders & staircase...................................................................................................25-30
7.5. Safe working platform.....................................................................................................................31
7.6 Mobile and suspended access equipment.................................................................................31-33
7.7 Mobile elevating work platform ( MEWPs)…......................................................................... ..33-34
7.8 Mast climbing work platform….......................................................................................................34
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7.9 Temporarily suspended access cradlers and platforms...........................................................35-38
7.10 Boatswain's chairs / seats.…...........................................................................................................39
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7.11 Photographs, pictures, diagrams for types of support system..................................................40--42
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7.12 Roof work ............................................................................................................................. .. 42-49
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7.13 Side sheeting of high rise structures /buildings during / after construction..................................49
7. 13.1 Working cage .......................................................................................................................49
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7.13.1.1 & 7.13.1.2 Working lift cage.--- sheeting procedure.....................................................50-60
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7.14 Painting work at Height.......Anchorage support system...........................................................60-72
7.15 Inspection, maintenance and Painting work for Structures at height, Chimneys /Stacks. .... 72-73
7.16 Staircase.....................................................................................................................................73-74
7.17 Protection against falling material............................................................................................. 74
8 Civil , structural, mechanical & electrical etc. maintenence work after construction........................ 74
9 Rope Access System………………………………………………………………………………75-96
10. Checking, corrective & preventive action ................................................................................ 97
11 Training .................................................................................................................... ....................... ..97
12 Records...................................................................................................................................................97
13 Monitoring & Reviewing…........................................................................................................... .........98
14. ATTACHMENT -I Check List .................................................................................................. ....98-100
15 Checks & guidelines for working below 2 M height .....................................................................101
1.0 Purpose: To ensure safety while working at height (more than 2 meter height) and protection
from fall.
2.0 Reference:
3.0 Applicability: This standard is applicable to all locations of TATA STEEL LTD in India
4.0 Responsibility: Responsibility for implementation of this standard lies with all executing departments
like Engg.&Projects, Engg.Services, Maintenance Departments etc. and Contractors, Consultants.
5.0 Associated Hazards: Falling from height.
6.0 Definitions:
Anchorage – A secure point of attachment, may or may not part of the work structure, to which
lifelines, drop lines, or lanyards are affixed. An anchorage must be capable of supporting a
minimum dead weight of 2000 kilograms for every person attached to it. An anchorage not
meeting the 2000 kilograms requirement must be part of a complete personal fall arrest system
which maintains a safety factor of at least two and is ascertained and used under the supervision
of a qualified person. An anchorage is often a beam, girder, column, or floor.
Travel restraints - Travel restraint systems physically prevent a person from approaching an
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unprotected edge. The user is totally restrained from reaching a position where a fall is possible.
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Anchorage Connector – A component or device that is installed on an anchorage and is
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specifically intended for attaching a fall-arrest system to the anchorage. Anchorage connection
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straps, carabineers, and girder grips rated to support minimum dead weight of 2000 kilograms
can be purchased from fall-protection equipment manufacturers.
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Carabineer – A trapezoid or oval-shaped connector component with a gate or similar
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arrangement that remains closed until it is intentionally opened for connection or disconnection.
Deceleration Device – Any mechanism, such as a rope grab, rip-stitch lanyard, specially-
woven lanyard, tearing or deforming lanyards, automatic self-retracting lifelines/lanyards, etc.,
which serves to dissipate a substantial amount of energy during a fall arrest, or otherwise limit
the energy imposed on an employee during fall arrest.
Descent Device – A device or piece of equipment used to escape from an elevated structure
such as a work platform, tower, column, or an overhead crane cab.
Personal Fall-Arrest System – A system used to arrest a fall from a working level. A personal
fall arrest system consists of an anchorage, connectors, a body harness, and may include a
lanyard with a locking snap hook, deceleration device, lifeline or suitable combination of these.
Fall Hazard – A condition or situation that could result in a fall.
Fallout – An unintentional separation of a person from a body-support component during or
after fall arrest.
Fall Prevention – Eliminating fall hazards during all phases of work at heights, including
access and egress. Examples of fall prevention measures include using complete scaffolds,
aerial lifts, and secured ladders.
Free Fall – An un-arrested fall.
Harness (Full-Body) – A device with straps that can be attached to a personal fall-arrest
system. The straps are fastened around a person's body to contain the torso and distribute fall-
arrest forces over at least the upper thighs, pelvis, chest, and shoulders.
Leading Edge – The edge of a floor, deck, or grating that changes location as additional floor
or deck sections are placed.
Lifeline – A flexible vertical or horizontal line, secured to an anchorage or between two
anchorages, to which a lanyard or harness may be attached. A catenary lifeline is a lifeline
used in a horizontal position that is secured between two anchorages. A lanyard can be attached
to a catenary lifeline by using a sliding connection or by tying off.
Positioning Device System – Equipment that allows a person to work with both hands free
while standing in such a way (for example, leaning backwards) that a fall could result.
Positioning device systems are often used on framework construction and concrete rebar
placement.
Retractable Lifeline – A fall-arrest device that allows free travel without slack rope, but locks
instantly when a fall begins. Retractable lifelines may be used when vertical movement is
required but must be limited, such as in tanks, manholes, and pressure vessels, or on roofs.
Rollout – A process by which a snap hook or carabineer unintentionally disengages from
another connector or object.
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Rope Grabs (Fall-Arrester) – Automatic lifeline devices that act by inertia to grab the lifeline
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if a fall occurs. Rope grabs are used when vertical movement is required, such as work from
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boatswain chairs or suspended scaffolds.
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Self-Locking Snap Hook – A hook-shaped connector with a gate or similar arrangement that
remains closed and locked until it is intentionally opened for connection or disconnection.
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When the gate is released, it automatically closes.
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Shock-Absorbing Lanyard – A flexible line that secures a person wearing a harness to an
anchorage, anchorage connector, lifeline, or drop line, with an integral energy shock absorber
that limits shock load forces on the body. Most energy shock absorbers are made of a webbing
material with tear-away stitching designed to gradually absorb the fall-arrest load. A lanyard
must have a nominal breaking strength of 2000 kilograms and may be nylon or Dacron® rope,
flexible aircraft steel cable, or webbing.
Competent person – A person/ engineer of the executing department performing the job ,
executing contractor ,& consultant if any, who is capable of identifying existing and predictable
hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous or
dangerous to employees, plant and who can take prompt, corrective measures to eliminate
them.
Qualified person – A person / engineer of the executing department performing the job,
executing contractor & consultant if any, who by possession of a recognized degree certificate
or professional standing or who by extensive knowledge, training , and experience , has
successfully demonstrated his or her ability to solve or resolve problems related to the subject
matter, the work or the project.
6.1 Types of personal anchorages

When selecting a suitable anchorage you should consider the forces it will be required to
resist if the worst happens and a fall occurs.
1. Good Anchorages
2. Poor Anchorages
6.1.1 Good Anchorages
• Large column or pipe to which a sling can be passed around or a lug welded to a column
or wall.
• Handrails do not make good anchorages. However if solidly constructed and in good
condition the base of the handrail post can be used as an anchor point.
• A welded or bolted steel lug with a capacity of 2000 kg or greater per person. ‘Rod’ lug,
proprietary lifting lug that can be welded onto a secure base to provide a firm anchor
point are recommended. Install as per manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Slings or tie straps passed around a column or pipe to which the lanyard or safety line
can be attached. Ensure correct size of strap or sling is used.
• Fixed beam anchorages. A device that is clamped over the bottom flange of beam and
locked in position. The lanyard can then be attached to the lifting eye on the clamp
6.1.2 Poor Anchorages
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• Avoid sharp edges, always provide protection to prevent pinching or cutting of the
sling
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• Light metal cable racking
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• Top or mid rails of handrails
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• Small diameter pipes,
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• House timber roof battens, gutters, aerial masts, window frames etc,
• Portable ladders, fixed ladder rungs or stiles
• Make shift devices such as weld tacked angles, rods or bars
Where unsure of the strength of the proposed anchorage, have the anchor checked by a
suitably competent & qualified engineer.
In special circumstances a scaffold structural member may be used by qualified scaffolders
erecting or dismantling a scaffold
All designed anchorages installed for repetitive tasks should have an identifying label
attached or located adjacent to the anchorage.
6.2 Horizontal rope system (static line)
Horizontal rope systems (static lines) should be used along exposed edges where hand rails
are not practical and there is a possibility of a free fall
Any horizontal rope systems and components must
• Have a tag on permanent systems,
• Inspected before each use to ensure serviceable condition,
• Independently inspected every 12 months,

• Re-certification by the supplier or suppliers agent after 10 years from initial
installation and then at 5 year intervals,
• Replaced if worn or damaged, and Meet an appropriate national standard where
available.
Fig: Horizontal Rope System

6.3 Safe use practices for Horizontal Lines
• Where possible use short restraint lanyard designed to prevent person getting near the
exposed edge and hence a fall
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• Always use lanyards equipped with personal shock absorbers and double action hooks,
• Walk through’ type systems are preferred which allow the user to connect to a special
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carriage that will pass over the intermediate anchorage points along the safety line.
• If the line is not the ‘walk through’ type, then the use a twin tail or dual lanyard system
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with the harness. This arrangement will ensure the wearer is always connected to the
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safety line,
• Never use a waist type safety harness when attached to a safety line. These belts are not
designed for fall arrest, and
• Include all safety lines on the site in a register, this will allow the maintenance and
inspections on the lines to be tracked.
Note: All safety lines have a pre-determined amount of sag as part of the design. The amount
of line sag may allow the user of the line to get close to or over an unprotected edge (Sagging
not allowed in the life line).
6.4 Permanent horizontal static line systems
There are different types available, such as a steel cable, metal rail, or steel beam trolley
system.
• These must be installed by qualified installers in a fixed location to engineered

specifications and designed for a maximum number of people to be attached at any one
time.
• Horizontal static lines should be positioned high, above head height if possible, to
minimise the distance of free fall and the effects of swing back should there be a fall of
one or more persons.
• After a safety line has been inspected, an ‘OK to Use’ tag should be placed on the line
by the Line supervisor.
• If this system is used on a particular site, and the tag is missing or out of date, the safety
line should not be used.
• Always report any problems or defects to the supervisor in the area so that the line can
be inspected and repaired as required.
• Each line must carry a permanent static line identification plate at both ends of the line
where persons may connect onto the line
6.5 Temporary static line systems

Temporary lines are installed for “one off” height jobs or for areas that won’t allow the
permanent installation of a static line due to the movement of equipment or other production
processes in the area.
• These lines are supplied by the manufacturer in a bag, complete with rope, slings, pulleys,
and tensioning device and instructions eliminating the problems of mismatching and
confusion as to the correct load rating that is allowed.
• The line must be installed by a person whom has been trained in the correct installation
and use of the particular line
• Always remove the line after use, so as to reduce risk of accidental damage or
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deterioration from plant operation or the environment.
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• Only attach the maximum number of persons designated in the manufacturer’s operating
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instructions to a temporary safety line.
for arrest.
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• Only install after checking that there is sufficient clearance below if the line is to be used
• Temporary lines may be attached to designed anchorage points such as Rud lugs or to
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slings around a structural column. Kits generally provide suitable sling anchors
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• Note, don’t pass slings over sharp edges, and always provide protection when passing
over sharp corners
• You must wear a fall arrest harness and attach your double lanyard directly to the
temporary static line by double action hooks. As with all static lines you should use a
short restraint lanyard with shock absorber wherever possible to minimise the risk of free
fall.
• At all times you must be aware of the Pendulum effect should a free fall occur. See in
attached fig.
6.6 Free Fall clearance (static lines)

The fall clearance needs to be calculated to ensure that the system being installed will in fact
stop a person from striking the ground or surrounding objects should a fall occur. See in
attached figure
The deflection of the static line is depended on the span length and its design.
Always check for obstacle or obstruction, such as fixed items of plant, within the area a fall
may occur.
Minimising the potential fall distance
When a fall arrest system is being used, the potential free-fall distance should be less than
two metres. Energy-absorbing lanyards should not be used in conjunction with inertia reels
as this can result in an excessive distance of fall prior to the fall being arrested.
There should be sufficient distance between the work surface and any surface below to
enable the system, including the action of any shock absorber, to deploy fully
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Note : For height at shown above, the falling impact on the static line will be much high.
But for lesser height impact will be less. Even in that case also harness is required above 2
m height.
Maintain minimum of slack in fall arrest line
There should not be excessive slack in the fall arrest line between the user and the
attachment. The anchorage point should be as high as the equipment allows. Never work
above the anchor point, as this will increase the free-fall distance in the event of a fall,
resulting in higher forces on the body and greater likelihood of the arrest line snagging on
obstruction.
6.7 Further reading and Toolbox meeting references
Standards and Code of Practices:
• ISI:3521:1999 Industrial Safety Harnesses Selection, Use and Maintenance

• EN 354/365:2002 Industrial Safety Harness lanyards and Specification
• EN 355/365:200 Industrial Safety Harness energy absorbers and Specification and
maximum allowed length of absorber + lanyard
• EN 353-1:2002 Industrial Safety fall arresters on a rigid anchorage line
• EN 341/365:1993 Descended devices, plus A, B, C or D - device class, according to
descent energy. (A is highest, D is lowest)
1. Maximum descent height
2. Maximum descent load.
3. Short version of instruction for use
• EN 360:2002 Retractable type fall arresters intended orientation for use
(vertical, horizontal, inclined)
Note: EN 365: For marking requirement

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Procedure: The system, devices, tools & tackles as defined above , other measures like
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scaffolds, mechanized climbers, hoist system, Rope access system, Winch system, rope ladders,
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Man lifters, Scissors lifters, hanging scaffolds, SWMPs, and cranes etc. are intended to provide
safe working at heights. Therefore all adequate tools tackles, system related to height work shall
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be designed, erected, accessed and used to ensure safety of the people working for height work
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as well as workforce around. As the system are erected and dismantled by manual means ,
safety of the workmen engaged for erection and dismantling shall also to be ensured.
7.1 Steps to take before working at height
• Check there is a safe method of getting to and from the work area.
• Decide what particular equipment will be suitable for the job and the conditions on site.
• Make sure work platforms and any edges from which people are likely to fall have guard
rails and toe boards or other barriers.
• Due considerations to be given for scaffolding and ladder standards. For this refer safety
standard SS/ENGG-08 and SS/ENGG-09 for scaffolding. However as per site requirements
and based on height & type of building/ structures proper sketch / scheme to be made. It is
to be approved by a competent / qualified Engineer of the execution department performing
the job. Make sure that the equipment needed is delivered to site in good time and that the
site has been prepared for it.
• Check that the equipment and Body Harness is in good condition and make sure that
whoever puts the equipment together is trained and knows what they are doing.
• Make sure those who use the equipment are supervised so that they use it properly. The
more specialized the equipment (for example, boatswain's chairs and rope access equipment
or system), the greater the degree of training and supervision required to ensure safety.
• Check any equipment provided by another company is safe on site before using it.
• Find out whom to tell if any defects need to be remedied or modifications need to be made
and keep them informed.
• Make sure that tested equipment, systems etc. are used.
When selecting a means of access, remember:
• only when it is not practicable to provide a work platform with guard rails should other safe
means of access (for example, boatswain's chairs or rope access techniques) be used;
• only when no other method is practicable, or risk assessment shows other methods are safer
when work platforms cannot comply with all requirements for safe work (e.g. a guard rail
has to be removed to land materials), should a way of arresting falls (for example, a harness
and lines or nets) be relied upon;
• if no other means of providing a safe place of work at height is available, then appropriately
anchored harness should be worn. However, whenever harnesses are used a method must be
available to enable people to be rescued from fall and be left suspended in their harness.
• nets may also be needed to protect those working to put guard rails or other protection in
place. For overhead hot work fire proof nets are to be used in case nets are to be used.
• Ladders should always be secured if possible both laterally & longitudinally at the ends.
They should be primarily used for access and only be used as workplaces to do light work
of short duration, and only if it is safe to do so. It is generally safer to use a stable tower
scaffold or MEWP, Man lifter even for short-term work. Heavy work activity such as
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drilling or carrying heavy loads should never be carried out from a ladder. When using a
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ladder ensure that the ladder is as per standard drawings and the person on the ladder always
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has three points of contact, i.e. two legs and a hand. People should never have to lean
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sideways when up a ladder.
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When selecting a safe system of work at heights, all the risks have to be considered before
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one method is selected. For example, if nets are selected, is there adequate clearance under
the nets to prevent injury to those who may fall into them? If harnesses are used, is there
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sufficient clearance from the ground to allow the shock absorbing lanyard or inertia reel to
fully extend?
• Before any work at height, check that there is adequate clearance for equipment. For
example, overhead power lines can be a risk when erecting scaffolds or using MEWPs; there
can be a risk of crushing against nearby structures when mobile access platforms are
maneuvered.
• Work permit for working at height shall be issued in Form No.
EHSMSM/WORKS/446/4007 or its revision, before start of the job by the authorized person
of the department in duplicate. The original shall be issued to working agency while the
copy shall be kept by the issuing authority. Following checks shall be carried out before
issuing permit.
(1) Personnel skill
(i) Whether the Person is a certified rigger.
(ii) Whether Person is fit for working at height (ask for certificate from Doctor whether
the person has vertigo-height phobia, for working at height more than 2 meter).
(iii) Person is trained on working at height.
(2) Suitability of approach.
(i) Physical condition and suitability of steps, rung ladders.
ii) Scaffolding ,ramps, stairs with respect to load
(3) Suitability of platform
(i) Whether handrails provided at 1.0 meter height with top rail middle rail and toe
guard.
(ii) Whether extended support roof/working platform fabricated or available.
(iii) Whether secondary support provided while working at fragile or hazardous roof.
(4) Availability of PPE and tools.
(i) Helmet with chin strips, in working condition.
(ii) Safety belt with double lanyard with arrangement for life line support.
(iii) Fall arrester.
(iv) A lifeline must be wire rope of at least ½ inch (12mm) diameter, not more than two
persons shall be permitted to attach their lanyards to a single horizontal life line, at
one time. The lifeline shall be anchored between two posts/supports not more than
six meter apart. If intermediate post required to be put at spacing more than 6 m ,
proper anchoring, post/support and life line arrangement to be made as per sketches
with approval of competent & qualified Engineer of the executing department
performing & supervising the job.
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(5) Communication.
(i) Tools , tackles, figures, fasteners, cages, rope ladders , plant & machinery , cranes
etc. to be used must be tested prior to use.
(ii) Appropriate anchorage points identified / connected.
(iii) Hazard of nearby work vicinity has been identified like, power line, power mobile
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equipment, gas line, etc. and proper care has been taken and same communicated
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to persons expected to work at height.
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(iv) Operator of mobile equipment in the close vicinity informed about job being done.
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(v) Area on ground beneath the height where job is being executed has been properly
barricaded/fenced indicating danger.
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(vi) Concerned departmental personnel whose work may get affected by the job have
been identified and communicated.
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(vii) Loose material not to be kept at heights
(viii) Damaged, torn, bend scrap sheets not to be used on platforms.
(ix) Material at heights are kept in arranged manner to avoid slip/trip/fall hazards.
(x) Tools, tackles, consumables, holders etc are kept tied to avoid their fall.
• Any work at height shall be carried out only in presence of skilled supervisor.
• Only trained persons shall be allowed to work at height.
• Permit shall be issued only if the findings of the above checks satisfy the issuing authority.
• If working at height includes gas cutting and welding, working in gaseous hazardous area,
near electrical installation, work permit should be obtained from authorized agencies
separately for each hazard.
• Work permit shall be returned daily after completion of job. The work permit issuing
authority of owning department, after completion of the job, shall complete the form by
filling part (E) in the original along with the white copy.
7.2 Continuous Fall Protection

7.2.0 General
Fall protection can be achieved through eliminating fall hazards, preventing falls, and
controlling falls. Eliminating fall hazards is the most desirable of these three, but it is also
difficult. If fall hazards cannot be entirely eliminated, potential falls must be controlled by
using fall-arrest systems. Consult the site safety specialist before purchasing fall-arrest
systems. All components of fall-arrest systems must meet the appropriate governmental
regulations and consensus standards.
7.2.1 Systematic Approach to Continuous Fall Protection
Every site must take a three-step, systematic approach to protecting people from falls.
7.2.1.1 Eliminate Fall Hazards – The first step in this approach is to assess carefully the
workplace and the work itself in the earliest design/engineering stages of project work and
during the planning stages of all work. The objective is to eliminate all fall hazards. Ask
“who, what, when, where, why, how, and how much” questions about each possible
exposure to a fall. This assessment of the site and the work not only helps eliminate hazards,
but also identifies alternative approaches to the work that can measurably enhance
productivity. Addressing fall protection in the early phases of a project means that safety
can be designed into the work process, not added as an afterthought to an inherently unsafe
work procedure. For example, the project can be designed so that structural steel can be
assembled at grade and then raised as a “module,” thus eliminating a significant amount of
work at heights.
7.2.1.2 Prevent Falls – The second step in continuous fall protection also requires assessing the
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workplace and work processes. If fall hazards cannot be completely eliminated during the
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first step, try to prevent falls by improving the workplace. Avoid relying on a worker's
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behavior or fall-arrest equipment to prevent injuries. Early installation of stairs, guardrails,
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barriers, and travel restriction systems can ensure a safe work environment.
7.2.1.3 Use the Proper Fall-Arrest Equipment – The third step, the last line of defense against
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falls, is to use fall-arrest equipment. Use fall-arrest equipment, however, only after
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determining that potential falls cannot be eliminated by changing work procedures or the
workplace. Equipment such as harnesses, lanyards, shock absorbers, fall arresters, lifelines,
anchorages, and safety nets can reduce the risk of injury if a fall occurs. Carefully assess the
workplace and work processes to select the most appropriate equipment and to install and
use it correctly. Refer Attachment-1 for fall arrest system check list.
7.2.2 Preparing Written Fall-Protection Plans
Prepare fall-protection plans for elevated work if fall hazards exist. Where fall hazards are
significant, the plans should be in writing. Site management/ supervision are responsible for
determining which jobs require written plans. The requirement for written plans should be
included in all applicable contracts.
7.2.3 Training Employees
Provide a training program for all employees who will be exposed to fall hazards. Explain
that while slipping or tripping at ground level occurs more frequently than falls from heights,
the injuries are generally not as severe. Workers must be trained to recognize the hazards of
falling from heights and to avoid falls to lower levels through holes or openings in walking
or working surfaces and walls. Training programs should include prevention, control, and
fall-arrest systems. Make sure that appropriate fall arrest systems are installed and that
employees know how to use them before beginning any work that requires fall control.
7.2.4 Eliminating Fall Hazards and Preventing Falls

Engineers and designers may require special training to recognize fall hazards, to understand
fall prevention techniques, and to become familiar with fall-arrest equipment and
procedures. It is critical that they consider fall protection design for the safety of construction
and maintenance workers who must work at heights, including workers’ safety during access
and egress from elevated work sites. Use the following guidelines when planning work at
heights:
• Safety specialists may be involved early in the project planning so they can recommend
appropriate fall-protection measures and equipment.
• Use the expertise of fall-protection equipment manufacturers and distributors.
• Be specific in dealing with fall hazards when developing contracts. Require contractors
to prepare written fall-protection plans, especially with roofing work, construction of
cooling towers, erection of steel structures, and fabrication and erection of tanks and
boilers.
• Specify and insist that fabricators supply permanent stairs and guardrails before steel is
erected. In this way, the stairs and steel can be erected simultaneously, improving not
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only safety but also efficiency. The ironworkers will have safe access and egress and the
necessity of climbing temporary ladders will be reduced or eliminated.
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• Make sure temporary perimeter protection is effective. For example, when cable
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guardrails are used, weld the cable support brackets or drill holes in the columns while
the steel is at the fabrication shop or on the ground at the work site. Avoid welding cable
columns.)
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supports after the steel has been erected. (Check the design before drilling holes in
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• Design and build permanent guardrail systems to meet the requirement of Tata Steel
Standard.
• Attach lifelines to steel columns while the steel is on the ground to provide tie-offs for
ironworkers unless other methods of fall protection are provided.
• Provide work platforms for electricians who install cable trays and pull wires into
elevated cable trays.
• Use complete scaffolds and aerial lifts to provide safe work platforms.
• Construct and install covers immediately after creating the holes.
7.2.5 Controlling Falls

When fall hazards cannot be eliminated through design and engineering or through the
techniques discussed in Section 7.2.4, the fall-arrest systems discussed in this section must be
used to control falls. An automatically controlled descent device that limits descent speed to
6 feet (1.8 meters) per second for a 300-pound (136-kilogram) person should be used in all
situations that require emergency egress.
7.2.5.1 Personal Fall-Arrest System – A personal fall arrest system consists of an anchorage,
connectors, a full-body harness, and may include a lanyard with locking snap hook,
deceleration device, lifeline or suitable combination of these. The use of a body belt for
fall protection is prohibited. Before using a personal fall arrest system, the supervisor
and/or the user must address the following questions:
• Has the user been trained to recognize fall hazards and to use a personal fall-arrest system
properly?
• Are all components of the system compatible according to the manufacturer's instructions?
• Have appropriate anchorage points and attachment techniques been reviewed?
• Has the free-fall distance been considered so that a worker will not strike a lower surface
or object before the fall is arrested?
• Have pendulum-swing fall hazards been eliminated?
• Have safe methods to retrieve fallen workers been planned?
• Have the full-body harness and all of its components been inspected both before each use
and on a quarterly basis?
• Is any of the equipment, including lanyards, connectors, and lifelines, subject to such
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problems as welding damage, chemical corrosion, or sandblasts?
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Refer Attachment-1 for detail check list for fall arrest systems.
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7.2.5.2 Retractable Lifelines – A retractable lifeline is a fall-arrest device used in conjunction with
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other components of a fall-arrest system. A retractable lifeline should be used by only one
person at a time. The retractable lifeline must be connected directly to the back D-ring of
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the safety harness and never used in conjunction with or connected to a shock absorbing
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lanyard. A properly inspected and maintained retractable lifeline, when correctly installed
and used within the fall-arrest system, automatically stops a person’s descent in a short
distance after the onset of a fall. Consider using retractable lifelines when working in or on
areas such as roofs, scaffolds, tanks, towers, vessels, and manholes. Also, consider using
retractable lifelines when climbing such equipment as vertical fixed and portable ladders
and telescoping derricks. The retractable lifeline must not be used again after it has worked
as fall arrester once. Before using a retractable lifeline, the supervisor and/or the user must
address the following questions:
• Has the user been trained to use a retractable lifeline correctly?
• Is the retractable lifeline being used in conjunction with a correctly configured fall arrest
system?
Is the equipment under a regular maintenance program?
7.2.5.3 Ladder Safety Systems – A ladder safety system can be attached to a permanently installed
ladder or to a rigidly installed portable ladder. The system provides continuous protection
while a person ascends or descends the ladder by automatically locking and arresting a fall.
7.2.5.4 Safety Net Systems – A safety net system is the least desirable fall-arrest system. If used
below a work area where no gas cutting & welding jobs involved, the system must be
installed as close as practical under the walking or working surface. For over head gas
cutting & welding, fire proof tested nets are to be used, otherwise all other means of fall
arrest systems are to be used strictly. A safety net system must never be more than 30 feet
(9.1 m) below the working surface (except for bridge / gallery / structural frame
construction). Safety nets shall be capable of absorbing an impact force equal to that
produced by a drop test. The test if practicable & safe to drop bag of sand as specified,
shall be conducted by dropping a 400-pound (180 kg) bag of sand 30 ± 2 inches (76 ± 5
cm) in diameter into the net from the highest walking or working surface at which
employees are exposed to fall hazards. The drop distance shall never be less than 42 inches
(1.1 m) above the net level. A drop test must be conducted after initial installation and
before use, whenever relocated, after major repair, and at six-month intervals if left in one
place. Safety nets shall be inspected at least once a week for wear, damage, and other
deterioration. Materials, scrap pieces, and equipment and tools, which have fallen into the
safety net, shall be removed as soon as possible but at least before the next work shift.
Before using a safety net, the supervisor and/or the user must address the following
questions:
• Are workers protected from fall hazards while they install and dismantle the safety net
system?
• Is the safety net installed as close as practical under the working surface? Except for bridge
/ gallery / structural frames at height.
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• Is there sufficient clearance under the net to prevent contact with surfaces or objects below
if the net is subjected to an impact equal to that imposed under the required drop test?
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• Does the safety net extend beyond the outermost projection of the work surface? For vertical
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distances of up to 5 feet (1.5 meters) between the net and the work surface, the minimum
required horizontal distance from the net's outer edge to the working surface edge is 8 feet
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(2.4 meters). For vertical distances between 5 and 10 feet (1.5 meters and 3 meters), the
horizontal requirement is 10 feet (3 meters). For vertical distances greater than 10 feet (3
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meters), the horizontal requirement is at least 13 feet (4 meters).
• Are the safety net supports designed so that a fall victim will not land on them?
• Has the manufacturer or supplier of the net been consulted for assistance and
recommendations concerning the proper type of net and proper installation and testing?
In case of site requirement of non-placement of the safety net and non-feasibility of adequate
fastening and fixing the net , all other means of fall arrest system and fall hazards controlling
measures are to be taken strictly.
7.2.5.5 Lifeline Installation – Horizontal and vertical lifelines shall be designed, installed, and used
under the supervision of a qualified person as part of a complete personal fall arrest system.
Horizontal lifelines allow horizontal movement while providing protection against falls
provided the equipment is properly installed and used. A horizontal lifeline may serve as a
mobile fixture point for the attachment of lanyards, lifelines, or retractable lifelines. A
lifeline must be wire rope of at least ½ inch (12 mm) diameter and not more than two persons
shall be permitted to attach their lanyards to a single horizontal life line, at one time. The
lifeline shall be anchored between two posts/supports not more than six meter apart. If
intermediate post required to be put at spacing more than 6 m , proper anchoring,
post/support and life line arrangement to be made as per sketches with approval of
competent & qualified Engineer of the executing department performing & supervising the
job.
Vertical lifelines extend from an overhead independent anchorage and should be maintained
in a vertical position while in use. A lanyard is attached to a vertical lifeline using a rope
grab device. No more than one person may tie-off to a vertical lifeline.
7.2.5.6 Anchorage – Anchorages used for attachment of personal fall arrest equipment shall be
independent of any anchorage being used to support or suspend platforms. Anchorages must
be capable of supporting at least 2000 kilograms per employee attached, or shall be designed,
installed, and used as follows:
• Part of a complete personal fall arrest system that maintains a safety factor of at least two.
• Under the supervision of a competent & qualified person.
• The anchorage points are to be certified by a competent & qualified Engineer of the
department executing & supervising the job.
7.2.6 Most Common and Most Dangerous Fall Hazards
The tasks and situations listed in this section present inherent fall hazards. Give special
attention to providing fall prevention and fall control, remembering that this attention is
necessary in the design, engineering, planning, and execution stages of work.
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• Installing, painting, and insulating pipe systems such as overhead cranes, presses,
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furnaces, conveyors, and monorails.
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• Doing other work that involves fall hazards, including tank erection, form work, masonry
work, and work above ceilings. For many of the above examples, elimination of the fall
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hazard will be difficult. The use of completed scaffolds, aerial lifts, etc. can minimize the
hazard but may not eliminate it totally. In these cases, the use of personal fall arrest
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equipment is required. In cases where employees are required to move in unprotected areas,
the use of double lanyards is required to achieve 100 percent fall protection. This allows
workers to move from one location to another but also keeps them secured at all times. This
is achieved by the employee connecting one lanyard to a suitable anchorage point before
disconnecting the other lanyard. Examples of where use of double lanyards would be
appropriate are scaffold erection, steel erection (for that work not done from protected
areas), and moving in a pipe bridge or cable tray.
7.2.6.1 Erecting and Dismantling Scaffolds – Give special consideration to fall protection for
workers who assemble and disassemble scaffolds. Make sure workers, who install,
dismantle, inspect, maintain, and use scaffolds receive appropriate instructions, including
relevant requirements.
7.2.6.2 Pile Driving - Pile-driving work at Tata Steel is always done by specialized contractors.
These contractors are required to provide written fall-protection plans. For further detail
refer safety standard SS/ENGG-12 on Pilling operation. Pile driving tripod structure must
be stable and each leg must have access provision. The drawing of the Tripod structure
must be approved by the competent & qualified engineer of the executing department
( department which engaged their engineers to carry out and supervise the job)
7.2.6.3 Erecting Cooling Towers – Contractors working on Tata Steel facilities must provide
adequate access and egress, lifelines, temporary perimeter protection, and other fall
protection for those who are erecting a cooling tower. Contracts must provide a written fall-
protection plan.
7.2.6.4 Working in Confined Spaces – Before assigning or performing work in confined spaces,
the supervisor and/or the worker must ensure safety by addressing questions, in addition to
requirements of safety standard SS/PRO-01, such as the following:
• Can the fall hazard be eliminated by providing entry at ground level rather than at the top
of the confined space?
• Can a rescue worker with a self-contained breathing apparatus fit through the entry
opening?
• Have emergency situation fall hazards been anticipated? For example, if steam is
inadvertently introduced, will it strike the ladder? Will it strike the path of egress?
• Has the use of a tripod-mounted personnel hoist instead of a manual lift been considered
for retrieving workers from confined spaces?
7.2.7 Recommended Manufacturers and Models of Fall-Protection Equipment
Numerous vendors supply full lines of fall-arrest equipment, including anchorage

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connectors, retracting lifelines, rope grabs, controlled descent devices, safety nets, full-body
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harness systems, and boatswain chairs. For additional information concerning fall protection
equipment, contact the manufacturers who can provide catalogs and training assistance.
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7.2.7.1 Standard Harnesses: Harnesses for general purpose work should be constructed with back
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D-ring, integral hip D-rings for work positioning capability, and tongue-buckle thigh straps.
Standard harnesses are suitable for continuous fall protection while climbing, riding, or
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working on elevated platforms. They are suitable for positioning, fall arrest, and the rescue
and evacuation of people who are working at heights.
7.2.7.2 Standard Lanyards: Lanyards should not be less than 10 mm in dia. adjustable up to 6 feet
(1.8 meters). They should also have shock-absorbing capability and self-locking snap hooks.
Only double lanyard safety belt is permitted. Only nylon or polyester or synthetic fibre
lanyards shall be used. It shall not break under a minimum tensile load of 2200 Kg.
The lanyard shall meet the requirement of IS 3521 / EN 361, EN 354, EN 362
The anchorage & lanyard system for safe working shown in the below pictorial:
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7.3 Safe Approaches for working at heights
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7.3.1 Portable scaffold
A mobile scaffold is a type of free standing scaffold supported on wheels, castors or other
devices for ease of movement on a firm level supporting structure. Mobile scaffolds can be
erected from a variety of components or systems, including:
▪ Aluminium prefabricated systems.

▪ Fibreglass prefabricated systems (nonconductive).
▪Steel frame scaffolds (H frame).
▪ System or modular steel scaffolds.
▪ Tube and fitting scaffolds, etc.
7.3.1.1 Important points
Some important points to remember when dealing with mobile scaffolds include:
▪ They should be erected, maintained, altered and dismantled by a certificated scaffolder of

the correct class if they are more than five metres in height.
▪ They should be erected, maintained, altered and dismantled by a competent person if less
than five metres in height.
▪ They should be erected to the manufacturer's instructions.
▪ They should be used on a sound, clear and level surface.
▪ Ensure working platforms are decked to the full width and adequately restrained against
displacement.
▪ Ensure top and mid guardrails are erected on platforms.
▪ Erect platform toe boards to prevent items on the platform falling on people below.
▪ Provide safe means of access to work platforms.
▪ Where the platform incorporates a hatch door, ensure the hatch is closed except during
access or egress.
7.3.1.2 Stability
All freestanding scaffolds, whether mobile or static, need to be stabilised against overturning
forces. Mobile scaffolds in particular are prone to tip over during use for a variety of reasons,
including:
▪
being moved.
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Sudden stops while being moved. This is a key reason why they must not be ridden while
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▪ Height to the top most platform is greater than three times the minimum base dimension.
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▪
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People standing at or near the edge of the platform in conjunction with a sudden movement
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or action. This creates a temporary high point loading.
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▪ Capacity being based on a distributed load, not a point load at the edge. This means
overturning can occur even when the design load capacity of the platform is not exceeded.
▪ The narrower and lighter the scaffold, the more likely that it will tip over.
7.3.1.3 General principles to improve stability
1. The height of the top working platform must be no more than three times the minimum base
dimension of the structure for scaffolds over 1.8 metres in height.
2. The height of the top working platform must be no more than two times the minimum base
dimension of the structure for scaffolds under 1.8 metres in height.
These base to height ratios are only acceptable under normal weather conditions. Additional
precautions must be taken if adverse weather conditions are expected. Further, it is accepted
practice to use rakers, outriggers, or larger base frames to increase the minimum base
dimension.
Mobile scaffolds generally need to be braced on all sides. All mobiles must also be plan
braced to prevent the tower from deforming in shape (parallelogram), except in the case of
a mobile aluminium framed scaffold where the lowest fully decked platform is below 3
metres high.
7.3.1.4 Specific recommendations to improve stability
▪ Position the scaffold as close as possible to the area being worked on.
▪ Apply the castor brakes while the scaffold is in use.
▪ Don't ride the scaffold while it is being moved.
▪ Maintain the height to width ratio.
▪ Use outrigger bracing.
▪ Add weight to the scaffold base to improve stability.
▪ Establish with the manufacturer exactly what the established safe working load relates to.
▪ Where possible use alternative more stable equipment, such as a scissor hoist.
7.3.2 Nonadjustable castors
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Castors allow a scaffold to be moved or be mobile. Castors must:
▪
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Be able to support the dead and live loads imposed upon the scaffold.
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▪
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Be a minimum of 125mm in diameter and be secured to the standard. This can be done by
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using an expanding internal spigot that fits into the standard or by using a locking device on
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a sleeve type external fitting over the standard. This is to prevent a castor from falling out
of the standard when wheeled over uneven surfaces.
▪
▪
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Have the SWL (Safe Working Load) clearly shown on them.
Have some kind of braking or locking system. This can come in a range of types such as
screw and compression devices on the actual castor itself.
▪ Have a minimum 150mm spigot or pintle length (internal spigot length or external socket
length) in or over the standard.
7.3.3 Adjustable castors
Adjustable castors have the same requi rements as a normal castor but can be adjusted
vertically by way of a threaded spigot or stem with a positioning nut. The threaded extension,
while maintaining a minimum of 150mm spigot or pintle length in or over the standard, must
not exceed 600mm adjustment. Castors can also be used horizontally as a running device to
keep a mobile scaffold off a surface.
It is recommended that the threaded extension, while maintaining a minimum 150mm spigot
or pintle length in or over the standard, should have a maximum extension that does not
exceed half of the total extension. For example a castor with 500mm extension should
preferably be kept to a maximum of 250mm extension, but can be used out to 350mm
extension. Adjustable castors do not need to be secured to the standard if the spigot or pintle
length is greater than 300mm.
7.3.4 Pictorials of portable Scaffolds
As stated earlier, in the following diagrams kickboards are omitted for clarity.
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Double deck width mobile scaffold Five deck wide mobile scaffold
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Five deck wide mobile scaffold Double deck width mobile scaffold with base extended rackers
Two double deck mobiles with proprietary bridge (span deck)
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Frame mobile tower System mobile tower
Note: Only the top lift is a working platform

A type of Approach for working for Light fitting etc. Similar other types of stable approach may also be with
middle rail at handrailing.
7.4 Approach Ladders & Staircase:
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Inclined step ladder for approaches to reach a height are to be in line with the Standard Tata
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drawing No : STD/020121/B as shown below. Similar type of other ladders may also be used
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including ladders made of tubular sections with appropriate sizes. Spacing of stringer / ladder
posts will not be less than 400mm. For use of Rods as rungs, clear spacing between stringer /
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ladder posts will not be more than 450mm and Dia of rods not to be less than 20mm.
Appropriate tubular Square / rectangular sections can also be used as rungs
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The Rises & Treads of step ladders are to be as per standard Tata Drawing No:-020122/0 as
shown below.
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The Rung ladders without cage is to be as per Standard Tata Drawing No: 020123/0 & with cage
as per Standard Tata Drawing No. STD/O10032 as shown below . Similar other type may also
be adopted at site as per site feasibility and adequacy & strength of the vertical ladder.
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Typical Geometrical parameters for steps for staircases are to be as per Standard Drawing No:
020120/B shown below. As per site feasibility similar other staircases may be used for
construction.
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Right way of Climbing on a ladder:

7.5 Safe working platforms
Working platforms are the parts of structures, Mobile Elevating Work Platforms (MEWPs),
cradles/cages etc upon which people stand while working. As well as being adequately
supported and provided with guard rails or barriers, working platforms should be:
• wide enough to allow people to move back and forth safely and to use any equipment or
material necessary for their work at that place and in any case, at least 600 mm wide;
• free of openings and traps through which people's feet could pass, causing them to trip, fall
or be injured in any other way;
• Constructed to prevent materials from falling. There shall be toe boards or similar protection
at the edge of the platform, The platform itself should be constructed to prevent any object
which may be used on the platform from falling through gaps or holes, causing injury to
people working below. For scaffolds, a platform without any gap shall be provided. If
MEWPs or cradles are used and they have meshed platform floors, the mesh should be fine
enough to prevent materials, especially nails and bolts, from slipping through; and
• kept free of tripping and slipping hazards. Where necessary, provide handholds and
footholds. Keep platforms clean and tidy. Do not allow mud to build up on platforms.
For details about the safe working platform, refer latest version of safety standard
SS/ENGG-08 for scaffolds.
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7.6 Mobile and suspended access equipment
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A wide range of appropriate capacity & stable mobile access equipment like man lifters, scissor
lifts, Mechanized climbers, including mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs), suspended
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cradles, mast climbing work platforms (MCWPs), appropriate rope access technique /system
are to be used for carrying persons with tools & tackles for height work. In case of man lifters
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with operator on the cage, other operator may also be there on the base equipment to take care
of emergency and controlling requirements.
In case of non-availability / justified non suitability of above, it is to be made possible to work

from the existing structure and to use a scaffold & working platform.
In case of justified non suitability of above, boatswain's chairs or seats, rope ladders and rope
access equipment can be used.
Those using mobile and suspended access equipment should be trained and competent to
operate it. They should learn emergency and evacuation procedures so that they know what to
do, for example, if the power to the platform fails, or fire breaks out in the building being
worked on. With many pieces of equipment, more than one person will be needed to ensure
safe operation.
Before work starts check that:
• A handover certificate is provided by the installer. The certificate should cover how to deal
with emergencies, operate, check and maintain the equipment, and state its safe working
load;
• Equipment is installed, modified and dismantled / removed only by competent specialists;

• There is a current report of thorough examination for the equipment;
• Area of the site where people may be struck by the platform or falling materials have been
barricaded;
• Systems are in place to prevent people within the building being struck by the platform as
it rises or descends and prevent the platform coming into contact with open windows or
similar obstructions which could cause it to tip;
• Supports are protected from damage (for example, by being struck by passing vehicles or
by interference from vandals);
• The equipment can be protected from adverse weather. High winds can tilt platforms and
make them unstable. Establish a maximum safe wind speed for operation and do not work
when there is lightening. Storms and snow falls can also damage platforms, so they should
be inspected before use after severe weather.
At the end of each day check that:
The platform is cleared of tools and equipment;
• All power has been switched off and, where appropriate, power cables have been secured
and made dead;
• The equipment is secured where it will not be accessible to vandals or trespassers;
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Notices are attached to the equipment warning that it is out of service and must not be used.
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Check the shift report for warnings of malfunction etc.
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7.7 Mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs)
Mobile elevating work platforms (MEWPs) can provide excellent safe access to high level
work. When using a MEWP make sure that:
• Whoever is operating it is fully trained and competent;

• The work platform is provided with guard rails and toe boards or other suitable barriers;
• It is used on firm and level ground. The ground may have to be prepared in advance;
• Its wheels are properly inflated;
• The working platform is sufficiently away from electric lines.
• Any outriggers are extended and chocked as necessary before raising the platform; and
• Everyone knows what to do if the machine fails with the platform in the raised position.
Do not:
• Operate MEWPs close to overhead cables or other dangerous machinery;

• Allow a knuckle, or elbow, of the arm to protrude into a traffic route when working near
vehicles;
Move the equipment with the platform in the raised position unless the equipment is designed
to allow this to be done safely (check the Some MEWPs are described as suitable for 'rough
terrain'. This usually means that they are safe to use on some uneven or undulating ground -
but check their limitations in the manufacturer's handbook before taking them onto unprepared
or sloping ground.
Wearing a harness with a fall restraint lanyard attached to the platform can provide extra
protection against falls, especially while the platform is in motion.
7.8 Mast climbing work platforms
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This equipment is often used when carrying out repairs to or refurbishment of high rise
buildings. MCWPs are designed to provide access to working positions - they are not designed
to act as material hoists.
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Only specialists should erect, alter or dismantle mast platforms. It is particularly important that
the correct sequence is followed. Serious accidents have occurred when ties have been removed
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or outriggers have not been properly extended during alterations.
A great advantage of using mast platforms is that those using them can be protected from
adverse weather as many types can be provided with screens and a roof to the platform.
Enclosures to platforms can increase wind loads. The supplier must always be consulted before
fixing them.
When mast platforms are used, make sure:
• Masts are rigidly connected to the structures against which they are operating and
outriggers are used when necessary;
• working platforms are provided with suitable guard rails and toe boards;
• The controls only operate from the working platform; and
• The area below the platform is barricaded to protect people from objects that may fall from
the platform.
• Minimum clear head room above the working platform is to be 2.2 m or the underside of the
over structure/ object whichever is Maximum.
7.9 Temporarily suspended access cradles and platforms
Accidents happen during installation, use and dismantling of temporary cradles. Most accidents
happen because of:
• Unsafe access to and from the cradle;

• Insufficient or poorly secured counterweights and holding down systems;
• Failure of the cradle platform or components such as drop nose pins and bolts;
• Failure of winches, climbing devices, safety gear and ropes usually as a result of poor
maintenance; and
• Failure to follow the manufacturer's instructions on erection and dismantling.
Equipment should be selected, installed, thoroughly examined and tested to ensure that it is
suitable for its intended purpose. Cradles should only be used by suitably trained and
competent workers.
When using cradles check that:
• The cradle has adequate guard rails and toe boards and material cannot fall from or through
the cradle's base;
• The equipment is capable of fitting closely to the building and where buffers or rollers are
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fitted, they will run against suitable features on the building;
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The building is capable of carrying the loads placed upon it, particularly under the
counterweights and under the fulcrum (or pivot point) of the outrigger. The advice of a
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structural engineer may be needed;
Jib spacing matches the cradle length and, when the cradle can move, adequate stops are
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provided to prevent the cradle running off the end of the track;
Jib length and counterweights are specified to give a factor of safety against overturning of
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no less than three;
• A secondary safety rope fitted with a fall arrest device is provided and used;
• Adequate operating instructions and technical support is available. If the equipment is hired,
the supplier should be able to advise;
• The cradle is not overloaded and loads are placed on the platform as uniformly as possible;
• There is safe access into the cradle. Access at ground level is safest. If access is from the
roof, the cradle should be secured to prevent it swinging away from the building. Access
must be possible without the need to climb up or down the suspension ropes. Also, if access
is from the roof, or other raised platform, suitable means to prevent falls from roof edges
will be required (for example, guard rails and toe boards); and
• There is a plan for rescuing the operator if the crane fails while at a high level.
Even where these precautions have been taken, accidents are still possible. For example, if
a motor of a powered cradle fails, it can make the cradle tip or people may overbalance and
fall while reaching out of the cradle. Safety harnesses can save lives in these circumstances.
Harnesses should be attached to suitable anchorage points within the cradle or platform
(such as the motor mounting points) or attached to running lines rigged in the cradle. The
harness lanyards should be kept as short as possible, while allowing operators to reach their
place of work. For further advice, see section on harnesses.
It is important that a thorough visual pre-use check for obvious faults is carried out before
each use. In addition, a weekly inspection should be carried out by a competent person and
a record made of that inspection. See also the general advice about mobile and suspended
access equipment. Before taking a temporary scaffold access platform into use, the
following should be checked daily:
• The platform should be structurally sound: lift it off the ground, say
1 m, and inspect for excessive deflections;
• While it is off the ground, carry out a tactile (sense of touch) inspection of critical
connectors;
• Make sure that it runs freely up and down - try it out; and
• Check that lines of communication work properly.
At the end of the day/shift, the following at least should be done:
• The platform cleared of tools and equipment;

• All power switched off and, where appropriate, power cables secured and made dead;
• The equipment secured where it will not be accessible to vandals or trespassers;
• Notices attached to the equipment, warning that it is out of service and must not be used;
and
• Shift report checked for warnings of malfunction etc.
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The above type of system / setup may also be used with proper OEM of the manufacturer and
installer.
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A climbing / elevating platform system for access of Chimney for inspection, repair & painting
7.10 Boatswain's chairs/seats

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Boatswain's chairs and seats can be used for light, short-term work. They should only be used
where it is not practicable to provide a working platform. In general, use a chair which consists
of a seat with a back, a central suspension point and a carrying point for tools.
Whether a chair or seat is used, the user should be attached to the suspension system by a
harness and lanyard to protect against falls. See also the general advice about mobile and
suspended access equipment.
The Boatswain Chairs shall be operated as per the manufactures and its competent installer’s
guidelines.
7.11 Photographs, pictures & diagrams for types of support system, fixing arrangement and
facilities as guidelines for various works at height like, repair, construction, welding, gas
cutting, fixing, connections , cleaning and painting etc. These may be taken for reference
and can be used in line with the below as per site requirements and as per availability &
site feasibility.
Cantilever support with slinging system Structural support at top of a building/structure
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Supporting arrangement for stability The post where counterweights applied
Manufacturer supplied cradles/cages Support system of the cradles/cages

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A sample Manufactures guidelines with the cradle/cages Slings supporting attachment

with the Cradle / cage
Cantilever structural Supports from top of building/structure for lifting & lowering the
cradles /cages. Similar type of arrangement may be used for repairing, inspection, welding,
cleaning, painting work etc. at heights. The support system to be approved by a competent &
qualified Engineer of the executing department performing & supervising the job..
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Types of manufacturer supplied cradle/cage with slinging arrangement on both sides for
lifting & lowering the cradle /cage for height work as per site requirements. Skilled installer
and OEM required for its use.
7.12 Roof work:
Structural roof work is the most hazardous activity of construction operations. The most
common accidents to the roof workers are fall from the edge of roofs, fall through openings
in roofs, falls through fragile roof materials. Most accidents happen to roof workers while
carrying out maintenance and cleaning job on roofs. To undertake roof work safely, worker
and site supervisor must require knowledge and experience along with proper engineering and
appropriate approach.
Before the job begins, a safe system of work must be planned. Precautions must be adopted
to reduce the risk of a worker falling or, if it occurs, to prevent the fall being the cause of
serious injury. The precautions to be taken will depend on the type of roof and the nature of
the work to be undertaken.
Crawling boards or cat ladders shall be used over existing roof to distribute the load over many
purlins of structural roof. Crawling boards or cat ladders shall be properly designed and
constructed. It must be checked and certified by competent site supervisor before it is secured
in position.
Rope access and ladder used for multi-tier areas: This technique can be used for inspection
and some short-term light-duration construction work. It should only be used where access
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from a working platform is not practicable. Following arrangement needs to be checked and
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The equipment is made and erected under the supervision of a competent person of the
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contractor, Consultants if any & executing department.
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Anyone using the technique has been expertly trained
All the components of Rope / Multi-tier ladder shall be checked carefully before each use
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and maintained to a high standard;
• Any tools which are needed for the work are attached to the operator with suitable ropes
or chains, so that they cannot be dropped from height.
Scope of work & Key Consideration for safe roof work
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BASIC SAFETY PRINCIPLES THAT SHOULD BE ADOPTED WHEN WORKING ON A
ROOF
Ensure the following :
 Work is undertaken from the ground or a solid platform wherever possible.
 The roof is structurally sound and can hold the weight of employees and required equipment.
 All employees and contractors required to access or work on roofs are suitably trained in the
risks associated with working at height, the use of fall prevention equipment and emergency
procedures.
 Where a ladder is used to access or egress from a roof, it is of a suitable type and set up in a
safe manner, secured at top and bottom.
 Anyone working on a roof has suitable non-slip footwear.
 Emergency rescue procedures are in place if there is a risk of a fall and someone needs to be
rescued.
 No access is permitted to fragile roofs and that such roofs are covered off and warning
signs are placed where persons can gain access.
 Where work is required on a steep roof where the slope exceeds 35 degrees, do not stand on the
roof. A steep pitched roof is an inappropriate surface to stand on due to the likelihood of
sliding. Perimeter guard rails and catch platforms are also insufficient measures to protect
workers on such roofs. In these circumstances, roof workers need a systems to prevent sliding
and to prevent falls from the perimeter.
Use one or more of the following systems in such circumstances :
• Aerial access equipment, such as a cherry picker;
• A work positioning system, such as a travel restraint or industrial rope access

system; and
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A scaffold platform, located at the roof edge and a roof ladder.
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 Where proprietary systems are required for fall prevention these should be configured, installed,
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used and dismantled in keeping with the manufacturer’s instructions.
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 Where work needs to be done on a fragile roof, temporary or permanent walkways the
incorporate a guard rail should be provided. Where the slope of the roof exceeds one to six,
cleats should be fixed to the top side of the walkway planks and walkway should be adequately
secured. Where safety mesh is present access across a fragile roof may be provided by crawl
boards or planks laid across the pitch of the roof and in the box gutters to provided lengthwise
access.
 Any skylights, vents, parapets or roof sheets that are fragile (i.e. are breakable or do not have
safety mesh installed underneath) are clearly identified and visible and have either access
barriers or edge protection such as guard railing installed around them.
 Any openings or holes in roofs are clearly identified and have edge protection such as guard
railing placed around them.
 If the roof work is a major task, a stair or ladder access tower should be provided for access.
 Where roof work is going to take longer than a few hours, ensure edge protection is installed
such as perimeter guard railing and/or scaffolding where this is feasible.
 For minor roof tasks that are of short duration (less than a couple of hours) that are required in
good weather conditions on a relatively standard single roof where the roof itself is flat or
almost flat, structurally stable all over and non-slippery, administrative measures such as safe
work practices may be sufficient to minimize the risk of a fall, providing the task can be
undertaken safely. However, where equipment, rubble or impaling hazards are present in the
surrounding are below and a two meter clear zone cannot be maintained, physical fall protection
measures should always be used to undertake the task rather than reliance solely on
administrative measures.
 Where minor roof tasks of short duration (less than a couple of hours) are to be undertaken and
there is an increased risk of a fall due to either weather conditions, a sloping roof or access is
required near a potentially fragile section – then higher order safety measures need to be
considered and used where reasonably practicable. In such a situation, apply one or more of
the measures below where feasible until the risk of a fall is minimised:
1. If weather is the only factor increasing the risk of a fall, where possible wait until
conditions improve before commencing or finishing a job.
2. Where feasible, undertake the work from an elevating work platform such as a cherry
picker or scissor lift. Where possible, consider scheduling jobs requiring such a device
together to reduce any hire costs.
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If work is required near a fragile section install either edge protection around it (e.g.
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barriers or guard railing ) or install safety mesh underneath it before commencing work.
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If an elevating work platform cannot be used or is not reasonably practicable in the
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circumstance, use a travel restraint system if one can be used safely. (Note: a person using
a travel restraint device must not be able to approach an edge where a fall is possible.
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These systems are not designed for the impact loads that occur in the event of a fall.)
5. If a non-fragile sloping roof is stable and other measures cannot be used, use a specially
designed roof ladder in combination with a fall arrest system to do the task.
6. If the risk of a fall is still significant using other safety measures consider installing a catch
platform or safety net to catch anyone who may fall.
7. Scaffolding is not usually considered reasonably practicable for many small jobs,
however, if none of the measures or in combination, then the task may require the
installation of some kind of scaffolding. It for some reason scaffolding is not able to be
installed, then the task is probably too dangerous to undertake. Contact Work Safe Victoria
or a consultant for advice in this instance.
 Administrative measures such as no go zones and safe work instructions in combination with
other measures should always be used where all other measures have been considered and
applied as far as reasonably practicable and the likelihood of a fall still exists.
Keeping up to date with fall prevention

Serious injuries and fatalities of people working on roofs or inside roofs with insufficient safeguards
continue to occur. Ensure to keep up to date with the latest fall hazards and fall prevention measures
available by checking with equipment manufacturers and suppliers, your industry or professional
association from time to time.
Following visuals are self explanatory:
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Working inside a roof
Working from inside a roof is often a safer way to access the roof surface, but the risk of falling
through a ceiling may be high. Tasks that require work inside a roof can be just as hazardous as
tasks on the outside of a roof.
Any risk assessment or Job Safety Analysis should include consideration of the risks of falling
through framework or fragile surfaces or through openings in the ceiling such as a manhole.
Ways of minimizing risks when working inside a roof are :
 Use a step or elevating work platform set up on the ground or a solid platform to do the work
from where possible.
 If a step or elevating work platform cannot be used to do the work, where possible use a ladder
set up securely on the ground or on a solid platform.
If work in the ceiling space is required and cannot be done from a ladder, step or elevating work
platform :
 Ensure joists and purlins are capable of bearing the required weight (i.e. weight of person(s)m
materials and equipment).
 Test the integrity of intended locations for footing and equipment before placing a load on the
area.
 Do not stand on plasterboard or similar fragile material that makes up the ceiling at any time.
 Where possible use planks or specially designed crawl boards that cab be placed across purlins
or ceiling joists so kneeling, sitting or walking is possible.
 Be mindful of beams and roof trusses when moving or walking in the ceiling space.
All of the above safeguards can help in reducing the risk of losing balance and falling through the
ceiling.
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7.13 SIDE SHEETING OF HIGH -RISE STRUCTURES / BUILDINGS DURING/AFTER
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For sheeting at height, high rise man lifter may be used. Side sheeting at height may also be
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performed as per following procedures/precautions and requirements. The general standards
as outlined in this standard are to be followed as applicable.
Sheeting work are to be done with cordless gun depending upon availability & site
requirements. MEWP /man lifters are to be used for access.
In case of non-availability of one or both of the above following procedure to be followed.
7.13.1 Working Cage
7.13.1.1Working lift cage shall be as per standard drawing no : STD/020124 & STD/020125
and of good structural construction, sound material and adequate strength. Large size drg will
be obtained as per note specified below.
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Note : Large size drawings/soft copy of the all the standard drawings shown in this document
may be collected from the archive of RECORD & DOCUMENTATION CENTRE OF
ENGINEERING, ENGINEERING & PROJECTS, TATA STEEL LTD., JAMSHEDPUR, by
Indenting through the existing ITS SYSTEM of drawing indenting.
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For fixing self-taping screws cordless self-taping screw machine, rivet guns are to be used etc.
In case of non-availability of Cordless self-taping screw machine, screw / rivet guns following
procedures / measures / precautions / requirements are to be followed. This is a guidelines.
Similar / Other safe methods may also be used as per site feasibility.
DETAILED GUIDELINES – 1
SAFE METHOD FOR ANCHORING THE SCREW MACHINE, RIVET GUN, SHEET
CUTTER ETC. WHILE WORKING AT HEIGHT
1. Fix a Jubilee Clamp of a reputed make on the machine. Tighten the clamp to the extent
the clamp holds on the machine firmly.(Refer sketch-02)
2. Another arrangement is to be made with a GI wire tied around the machine as

additional anchoring support.( Refer sketch-02)
3. A 10/12 mm dia PP Rope(s) is to be anchored firmly to this clamp by means of Self

Locking Hook with item no (1) and (2). (Refer Sketch-02)
4. In case of Rivet Gun, Sheet Cutter, A 8/10 mm dia PP rope attached with self locking
hook is to be fastened with the Nut/Ring welded to the Rivet Gun, Sheet Cutter. (
Refer Sketch-03)
5. The other side of this PP Rope(s) will be anchored to the firm structure by using Self
Locking Hook tied firmly to it. ( Refer sketches-02 & 03 )
6. The electrical extension fitted with 3 No, 5 Amp socket arrangement with electrical
safety devices (like on/off switch, indicator lamp, fuses, appropriate length, size and
type of wire etc.). The extension box should be box type with lid to prevent water
ingress during rain. All machines should be connected to this board hanging with the
scaffolding by Plastic top (plug).- (Refer Sketch-04).
DETAILED GUIDELINES - 2
SAFE METHOD FOR LIFTING THE SCREW MACHINE AND OTHER TOOLS ETC. TO
WORKING HEIGHT
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Each machine such as Screw Machine, Rivet Gun, Sheet Cutter etc. each to be placed
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in Separate appropriate bags. The small portion of the open end of the PP rope,
fixing to structure.
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provided with the machine, is to be hung outside the bag to facilitate holding while
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2. These bags to be lifted to the required height by means of Rope and Pulley system used
for lifting of machine.
3. When this bags reach the required height, the open end of the PP rope tied to the
machine is to be anchored first to the structure above by means of self-locking hook.
4. After anchoring the machine to the structure the machine is taken out from the bag
for use.
5. The same system has to be followed for lifting machines by all the people working at
different levels of the portable scaffolding.
6. When the machine is not in use, it is to be hung with the full body harness of the person
with the 3rd latch provided with the machine or else it is to be kept in the covered box
provided in the portable scaffolding.
7. While lowering the Screw Machine, Rivet Gun, Sheet Cutter etc. the machines are to
be placed in the bag first and then only the two safety hooks are to be untied from the
structure.
8. Now the bags are to be lowered sequentially to all levels of the portable scaffolding for
collecting the machines and materials and finally lowering down to ground by rope
and pulley system.
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Sheet lifting arrangement -Standard Drawing No- STD/020126. Similar other safe lifting
arrangement may be used.
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7.13.1.2 Detailed guidelines for side & Louvre sheeting work

DETAILED GUIDELINES - 1
PROCEDURE FOR SIDE & LOUVRE SHEETING WORK-SPECIALLY AT CORNER

PORTION
1. Vertical Sheeting work

The procedure has been prepared considering that the staircase is complete.
The sheeting work is to start from bottom to top and from left to right corner. In case, the
building has louvre, the sheeting area below the louvre is to be completed first and then it is
to be done in the next upper level. For the right corner position of the sheeting , a new cage
is to be fabricated similar to the existing cage but with hook / anchorage arrangement at left
side so that the right side area of the cage is available for sheeting work.
In the process of sheeting at the right corner of the building, two suitable notches are to be
cut at top most location ( with 10 mm clearance wrt hook section) in the sheet above the
side runner, for fixing cage with left side hook / anchorage arrangement.
All tools and tackles must be inspected thoroughly inspected on daily basis before use such
PP rope, pulley block, latches of pulley blocks, hanging scaffolds, man lifter / Genie for
welding and any damage, sheet cutter, rivet gun etc., Any violation is not acceptable.
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Fixing of rope pulley arrangement for cage lifting / anchorage
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All workmen is to use staircase only for going to the desired floor where the sheeting is
louvre.
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to be done. If the building has louvre, the people has to go to the floor just below the
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Fix a suitable length of standard ladder with handrail and anchoring hook. After
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positioning of the ladder, tie ladder with ¾ inch rope to avoid slippage on either direction
at two places.
iii. Provide life line for fixing fall arrestor system..
iv. For fixing rope pulley arrangement for lifting the cage, the workmen must use safety belt
and fall arrestor system as protection to fall from height.
v. The rope pulley arrangement for lifting the cage is to be fixed in the firm structure of the
building just above the cage anchorage point. Check that the side runners are properly
bolted or erected before fixing the rope pulley block.
vi. Use 10 mm dia. (minimum) sling with D-shackle (cap 2T) for fixing the hook of rope
pulley block.
vii. ½” dia. wire rope in the rope pulley for lifting cage.
Cage with Right Handed Hook

(for normal sheeting work)
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(For right hand corner sheeting work)
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b. Lifting of the cage
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i. Provide guy rope of 3/4” dia. PP rope in the cage.
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ii. Lift the cage with above arrangement to the point i.e. side runner where it is to be hung.
In case of building with louvres, fix the cage to the side runner just below the louvre.
iii. Lock both the hooks / hanger arms of the cage by tying with ¾” dia. PP rope with the
side runner to avoid slippage in any direction.
iv. Tie the cage at two intermediate locations with firm structure with ¾”dia PP rope.
v. Keep rope pulley arrangements intact till the sheeting work is completed for one vertical
line.
c. Approach from ladder to cage.
i. Workmen going into cage must use all PPE with safety belt. While going into the cage,
it is to be ensured that he anchors both the lanyards onto a firm structure.
d. Fixing rope pulley arrangement for sheet lifting

The rope pulley arrangement for lifting the sheet is to be provided in the centre sheet
lifting area provided in the cage and is to be fixed with the firm structure by the side of
the cage lifting arrangement. Check that the side runners are properly bolted or erected
before fixing the rope pulley block.
i. Another rope pulley arrangement is to be provided for sheet lifting. It will be similar to
cage lifting arrangement with a firm structure of the building just above the cage
anchorage point in line with the area provided in the cage for sheet lifting through it.
Check that the side runners are properly bolted or erected before fixing the rope pulley
block.
ii. Use 10 mm dia. (minimum) sling with D-shackle (cap 2T) for fixing the hook of rope
pulley block.
iii. ½” dia. wire rope in the rope pulley for lifting cage.
e. Lifting of the sheet
i. The sheet lifting device must be fool proof.

ii. The sheet is to be lifted from inside the cage through the sheet lifting area.
iii. All people must be alert.
iv. 1 ” dia. PP rope is to be to be used for sheet lifting
v. The PP rope and all other tools and tackles must be inspected thoroughly before use.
vi. Provide guy rope of 3/4” dia. PP rope must be used to control the movement.
vii. Sheet lifting must be stopped before the start of rain of storm.
f. Sheeting work
i. When one vertical line of sheeting work is completed line, all the rope pulley
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arrangements cage and sheets are to be lowered down for fixing next new location side
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wide. Repeat the above set of process for the new location sheeting.
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Repeat the above process for cage / sheet fixing and lifting methods for corner sheeting
also.
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ii. Right corner of the building, Cut two suitable notches (as required for fixing the arms /
hook of the cage + 10 mm clearance, depth up to the side runner) are to be cut at top most
location ( with 10 mm clearance wrt hook section) in the sheet above the side runner,
for fixing cage with left side hook / anchorage arrangement.
iii. Continue sheeting and flushing work accordingly.
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h. Inclined / louvre sheeting
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Repeat the above process for cage / sheet fixing and lifting methods for corner sheeting
also.
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ii. Right corner of the building, Cut two suitable notches (as required for fixing the arms /
hook of the cage + 10 mm clearance, depth up to the side runner) are to be cut at top most
location ( with 10 mm clearance wrt hook dimension of section used.) in the sheet above
the side runner, for fixing cage with left side hook / anchorage arrangement.
iii. Continue sheeting and flushing work accordingly.
7.14 Painting work / Repair / modification / strengthening work at Height :

For painting / Repair /modification/ strengthening work at height, various methods or
system may be adopted based on site requirements and availability. These methods or
systems are as specified below.
(i) Scaffolding General Specification as per safety standard No- SS/ENGG-08 Version:4.0.
Scaffolding to be erected from firm ground level. In case of non-feasibility from ground
/ very high structures scaffolding may be installed from intermediate levels at height
from existing structures based on adequacy assessment of existing structures and by
strengthening the existing structures and providing temporary adequate structures as per
design requirements for supporting the scaffold. Approval of the existing support
system and for the strengthening/temporary support system to be taken from a

competent and qualified person as defined in this standard.
(ii) Portable scaffoldings as per above standard and clause 7.8 of this document
(iii) Use of construction staircases & platforms during fabrication & erection as specified
in this document and the drawing sketches enclosed.
(iv) Use of existing staircases & plat-forms of existing buildings after inspection.&
ascertain their suitability and their strengthening or replacement as required.
(v) Use of appropriate & adequate man lifters (Genie or other equivalent man lifters)
(vi) Use of appropriate & adequate MEWP like scissors type MEWP etc.
(vii) Use of appropriate and adequate Electrical Winches with dog lock or safe break system
(viii) Use of hanging scaffolds / cradles / cages in line with drawings / sketches as enclosed.
(ix) Use of rope access system with specialized workforce.
(x) Use of appropriate & adequate Rope ladders with fall arrestor
(xi) Use of mechanized climber system supplied by authentic manufactures & its
Installation & operation as per OEM ( Operational equipment manual ). Schematic
Pictorials and photographs enclosed. Any other such climber may be used after
clearance from Tata Steel competent persons.
(xii) Other methods based on study, preparation of schemes for the adopted method & thier
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Note : For safe execution fall arrest system is to be followed. Fall arrestor, rescue cages, rope
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ladders , availability of man lifter/ Genie etc, are to be available as per site condition
and site requirements. A picture of life saving trick shown below for application.
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Peson has fallen and Rescue rope is dropped Person can safely wait for
has no means of rescue to person to allow them for rescue without cutting
and relieve pressure off circulation to legs
7.14.1 Winch Support System - If a job is not accessible either due to excessive height or approach
due to site constraints, painting at height may be performed as per below sketches as
applicable , Photographs & sketches shown in clause No-7.55.3 and considering general
standard of working at height as specified in this standard as well as following additional

precautions.
Schematic arrangement of Winch pulley system for painting at height
The bracket &

support for
pully system as
per Sketches 2
&3 are to be
followed
Adequate number of
persons to be
deployed for guide
rope
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7.14.2 Points to be considered during fixing of winch system arrangement
For painting between columns tested electrical winch of adequate capacity ( Min 5000
Kg ) shall be used for lifting the cage. Equal capacity D-Shackle to be used. For
horizontal movement, the D-Shackle to be tied with direction ropes on both sides for
controlling the horizontal movement. For shifting cage horizontally, cage shall be
brought to ground level and then shifting can be done. The sketches 1 & 2 to be followed
or the support system are to be in line with sketches 1 & 2 and approved by a competent
Engineer of the department executing & supervising the job.
• For existing building with side sheeting, painting of the hidden outside surfaces shall be
done while sheet changing. If sheet changing is not required, the hidden side to be
painted from inside of the building with use of appropriate scaffolding or MEWP or
rope ladder with fall arrestor.
• For inside building, painting shall be done using scaffolding from respective floors /
rope ladder with fall arrestor / MEWP.
• Pipeline supports, walkway outside the building can be painted using genie/scaffold.
• Pulley shall have derailing arrestor.
• Dog lock system / positive lock arrangement to be used for winch machine.
• 3-4 persons may be required for guiding cage movement from obstacle by means of
rope.
7.14.3 Working Cage for welding, gas cutting, painting etc.
Working lift cage for one person shall be as per the below standard drawing No :
STD/020119. Other type which are safe and adequate in strength may also be used
but approval of competent person to be taken.
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Working lift cage for two person shall be as per the Tata standard drawing No:
STD/020127. Other safe type cage as per availability & feasibility may also be
used but to be tested,
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7.14.4 For Hoist rope & Lifting equipment, refer latest version of safety standard on rigging
vide SS/ENGG-06
7.14.4.1 Anchorage support system:
• The Anchored support for cages for one or two persons must be strong enough to resist
Minimum 5000 Kg of loads. For more persons different cage with changed anchoring
capacity & support to be used and the system to be approved by a competent and
qualified person/Engineer of the Executing department performing & supervising a job..
• The anchorage support for cages is to be checked and approved by a competent and
qualified Engineer of the Executing department performing & supervising a job..
• Pulley supporting arrangement may be in line with sketches SUPPORT TYPE-1,
SUPPORT TYPE -2 & SUPPORT TYPE-3 and to be approved by a Competent &
qualified Engineer of the executing department performing & supervising a job ,
depending on the site condition before start of work. For other type approval to be taken
from the competent & qualified Engineer as per definition of his standard.
SUPPORT TYPE-1 ( I-beam connected to flange of a column)
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SUPPORT TYPE-2 ( Two channels connected to flange of a column )
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SUPPORT TYPE -3 ( Two channels connected at the edges of flanges of a Column)
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SUPPORT TYPE-4 ( Between Column spacings ≤ 8 Meter )
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STRUCTURAL SUPPORT MAY BE MOUNTED AS PER FEASIBILITY, AT TOP OF

CHIMNEY FOR PAINTING OF CHIMNEY HEIGHT GREATER THAN THE REACH OF
LONGEST AVAILABLE MANLIFTER- OPTION-1 ( For guideline purpose, The support system
/ or a part of it may be similar or in line with the below)
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STRUCTURAL SUPPORT MAY BE MOUNTED AS PER FEASIBILITY AT TOP OF

CHIMNEY FOR PAINTING OF CHIMNEY HEIGHT GREATER THAN THE REACH OF
LONGEST AVAILABLE MANLIFTER- OPTION-II ( For guideline purpose, The support system
/or a part of it may be similar or in line with the below)
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1. General guidelines:
• Before commencing job, Pully set up & D-Shackle of minimum 5000 Kg Capacity,
electrical winches or any other mechanized system must be tested.
• Any alternative arrangement adopted depending on site condition shall be validated with
Minimum 5000 Kg anchoring / lifting load as part of load test.
• Working area shall be barricaded at least 4 m from the high rise structures face. Additional
barrication may be provided suit to site condition to prevent any injury from falling object.
• Lifting / hoisting mechanism/ plan shall be jointly approved by the competent Engineers
of the executing department and safety officer of respective area.
• For hanging of working cage, sling of steel wire rope of min 12mm shall be used at four
lifting lugs locations.
2. Fall Arrestor:
Separate vertical lifeline with 19 mm ( ¾”) steel rope/sling for anchoring of fall arrestor
attached with cage and with human full body harness shall be used. The lifeline rope shall be
suitable for matching fall arrestor.
This mechanism shall be load tested at 4000 Kg load for max two persons lift
3. Electrical Winch ( Minimum 5000 Kg capacity) for one or two pesron with with Lift cage
/cradle : Man-riding Hoists & Winches-
Winch machines shall be of ISI marked or as approved by core competency team (CCT) of
Tata Steel Ltd / authorized Government certified firm/agency.
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Winch machines shall be certified for lifting persons.
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Dog lock system / positive lock arrangement shall be used for winch machine.
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a. Precaution for winch:
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1. Site used for this purpose shall have minimum six meter clear all around area. In case
six meter clear all around area not available, protection measures to be taken for the
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operational set up/system, Precautionary displays/visuals and alert /guiding persons to
be there at that locations
2. Winch and pulley base used for this purpose shall be properly grouted/ welded to rigid
base or rigid structures.
3. Use diverter pulley for changing rope direction. If area not accessible, more than one
winch shall be used to cover entire area.
b. Lifting of personnel:
Lifting of personnel shall be avoided unless the risk has been demonstrated as being as low
as is reasonably practicable. Lifting of personnel shall be according to a specific personnel
lift plan for that lift. Lifted personnel shall be properly secured with lanyards
General requirements
i. The equipment used for lifting personnel for work and for personnel transfer shall be
specifically designed, approved/certified and clearly marked as suitable for personnel lifting.
The factor of safety required for lifting people shall be higher than for lifting normal loads,
typically this is double for personnel lifting activities.
ii. Environmental and other limits for personnel lifts shall be set out in the lift plan with clarity
on where they differ from limits for other lifting. In case of any changes in job scope or
conditions, the job shall be made safe and stopped, risks re-assessed and a pre-job meeting
executed before the job is restarted. Examples of such changes include operating/weather
conditions, day or night operations, deck congestion or changes in personnel or equipment
involved.
iii. Equipment for lifting people shall be fitted with two distinct mechanisms for preventing the
load from falling, one of which shall be self-acting/fail safe. Any free-fall capability shall
be positively locked out.
iv. Personnel lifts shall only be conducted where there is line of sight (full visibility) between
the equipment operator and signaler, and between the signaler and the person being lifted.
v. A rescue plan shall be prepared for all personnel lifts as part of the lift plan. All equipment
required to implement the rescue plan shall be readily available prior to and during the lift.
Rescue plans shall be practiced at regular intervals. Note that rescue operations can
introduce their own hazards; therefore the planning and execution of rescue exercises
requires particular care and attention including additional risk assessments.
vi. All personnel involved including those being lifted shall have received the necessary
specific training.
vii. A test lift without personnel shall be carried out where there is confined access, potential for
snagging or other hazard.
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viii. Personnel transfer by lifting
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Personnel transfer by lifting shall not be permitted in hours of darkness unless specifically
approved by the Site Manager and supported by thorough risk assessment and assessment
of alternatives.
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Pick up/set down areas shall be of an adequate size and free from hazards affecting access
and egress from the carrier.
7.14.4.2 Entire hoist system shall be properly maintained, thoroughly examined by a competent
person/ engineer & qualified person engineer of the executing department at least once in
every period of six months and register shall be kept containing the prescribed particulars
of every such examination.
7.14.4.3 Arrangement to be made so as to prevent any person or thing being trapped

between any part of lift cage with any fixed structures or moving part.
7.15 Approach requirements for Chimneys / Stacks / Flare Stacks :
7.15.1 Approach for New Chimneys / Stacks / Flare Stacks:

i. All new chimneys / Stacks / Flare Stacks are to be designed considering spiral staircases /
Staircases and to be provided with the same up to sampling ports (for dust & CEMS system
as per CPCB standard ) locations / igniting system / thermocouple system / aviation
lighting system mounted on such structures, etc. along with adequate landings / Platforms
at each landing level / intermediate levels and hand railings. Minimum width of steps of
spiral staircase shall not be less than 600mm. For any approach between landings /
Platforms if there is flight constraint due to adjacent structures / ductings/ utilities, step
ladders / short cage ladders / rung ladders as per Tata Steel Standard Drawings may be
provided between pl-forms with height gap of max. 3.0 M.
ii. In case of small dia chimneys / stacks / Exhaust duct system with approach requirement,
peripheral steel structural system surrounding such chimneys/ stacks / ducts etc. to be
designed and provided with staircase approach and intermediate platforms.
7.15.2 Approach for Existing Chimneys / Stacks / Flare Stacks:
i) In case of all existing Chimneys / Stacks / Flare Stacks the existing approach system
is to be used with all relevant safety precautions. Following guidelines to be followed
for approaches:
a. The existing approaches to be inspected and maintained at regular intervals

b. To be ensured that the ladders. Stairs, platforms , landings, hand railings are
adequately & rigidly connected to the supporting structures.
c. If required strengthening or replacement to be done.
d. Permanent metallic Fall arrestor to be anchored at top after inspection &
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repair of existing staircase / rung Ladders / cage ladders / step ladders and
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pl-forms / landings etc.
All relevant other safety measures to be taken as applicable including use of
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PPEs while using the existing approaches and job taken up.
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ii. Other mode of approach like appropriate & adequate man lifters
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iii. Use of rope access system with specialized workforce
iv. Use of appropriate and adequate MEWP like scissors type MEWP etc.
v. Use of appropriate and adequate Electrical Winches with dog lock or safe break system
vi. Use of hanging scaffolds / cradles / cages in line with drawing / sketches shown in this
standard
vii. Use of appropriate & adequate Rope ladders with fall arrestor
viii. Use of mechanized climber system supplied by authentic manufacturers & its Installations
& operation as per OEM ( Operational equipment manual ). Schematic Pictorials and
Photographs as shown in this safety standard. Any other such climber may be used after
clearance from competent persons of Tata Steel Ltd.
ix. Use of scaffolding / portable scaffolding as per safety standard on “Scaffolding”
7.16 Staircase
All the staircases in the plant should be provided with hand-railing on both sides, made of
tubular structures as per standard. The steps and the stairs must be properly maintained and
kept free from obstructions and substances likely to cause persons to slip. All are required to
use railing while climbing up and getting down through stairs.
The staircases and ladders must be as per the Tata Standard Drawing Nos :-STD/020120/B,
STD/020121/B, STD/020122/0, STD/020123 and STD/010032/A
7.17 Protection against falling materials
7.17.1 The risk of falling materials causing injury should be minimized by keeping platforms clear
of loose materials. In addition, provide a way of preventing materials or other objects rolling,
or being kicked, off the edges of platforms. This may be done with toe boards, solid barriers,
brick guards, or similar at open edges. If the scaffold is erected in a public place, nets, fans
or covered walkways may be needed to give extra protection for people who may be passing
below. High-visibility barrier netting is not suitable for use as a fall prevention device.
7.17.2 For Hoist rope & Lifting equipment, refer latest version of safety standard on rigging
vide SS/ENGG-06
7.17.3 Strength of the holding structures / bracket and load carrying capacity of holding structures
shall be inspected and certified by competent Engineer of the department executing &
supervising the job.
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7.17.4 Cage shall be pulled upward up to desired location as per rigging standard and secured as at
site with bracket and chain hook arrangement as shown in drawing. Appropriate steel wire
rope may also be used.
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secured with fixed structures.
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7.17.5 Fabricated bracket shall be attached with fixed structures and chain with hook shall be
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8. Civil , structural, mechanical & electrical etc. Maintenance work after construction
8.1 All above mentioned clauses are applicable
8.2 Hoist rope & Lifting equipment, refer latest version of safety standard on rigging vide
SS/ENGG- 06.
8.3 Site specific SOP, after assessing the surrounding risks, hazards, shall be made and vetted by
competent person/engineer of the executing department and responsible safety person of that
specific area.
8.4 Cage and hoisting system shall be in line with the sketches , drawings, photographs, pictures,
pictorials and the relevant safety standards and are to be approved by the competent
person/engineer and qualified person / engineer .
9 Rope Access System (source websites: www.IRATA.com, www.PETZL.com, www.web-

access.co.uk)
9.1 Rope access system is applicable to:
Only those places where use of scaffolding & power access tools are not economical and
height access not possible with scaffolding.
General applicable areas for use of rope access are painting, marking, inspection and repair
of chimney, roof truss, roof structural, service bunkers , high rise structures etc. for repair ,
inspection and maintenance jobs.
9.2 Responsibility:
a. Executing agency & Owner agency:
- Explaining the job in totality & Putting energy source isolation input in the SOP
and approving the SOP
- All process related & proximity hazards associated during the job are identified
and all necessary precautions are implemented including isolation of process.
- Participating in pre-work analysis
- In case of any emergency, communicating in the affected area.
b. Working agency (Rope access vendor):
- All precautions related to job execution including the proper tools and equipment,
competency of the person involved, right PPEs to the working people and SOP
compliance
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- Risk assessment and Risk mitigation plan for rope access system in that particular
job & developing SOP . a
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9.3 Procedure
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9.3.1 Introduction of rope access system:
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Rope access system is a safe method of working at height, where ropes and associated equipment
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are used to gain access to and egress from the workplace, and to be supported at it.
The advantage of using rope access methods lies mainly in the safety and speed with which workers
can get to or from difficult locations and then carry out their work, often with minimal impact on
other operations. Another major benefit is that the combination of the total man-hours and the level
of risk for a particular task (man-at-risk hours) is often reduced when compared with other means
of access and their associated risks and cost.
The primary objective when using rope access methods is to plan, manage and carry out the work
with a goal of no accidents, incidents or dangerous occurrences, i.e. to ensure a safe system of work
is maintained at all times, and with no damage to property or harm to the environment.
Like any other method of working at height, the application of rope access should be regarded as a
complete system, in which planning, management, competence and suitable equipment should be
treated with equal importance, as each is dependent on the others to ensure a safe system of work.
(a) Adjusting the length of the anchor line used as an adjustable work positioning lanyard
(b) Worker supported by the anchor line being used as an adjustable work positioning lanyard
1- Anchor 2- Anchor line for work positioning and support (adjustable work positioning lanyard)
3 -Adjustment device 4- Anchor line for safety back-up system 5- Fall arrest device 6- Spare length
of anchor line with stopper knot or stopper device fitted
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9.4 Principle
Typical method& of
Control
working in the descent Typical method of ascending in a rope
mode in a rope access system (with access system
descending device locked) 1 Working line 5 Back-up device
2 Safety line 6 Harness
1 Working line 5 Descending device 3 Ascending device
2 Safety line 6 Harness (with foot loop) 7 Ascending
3 Device lanyards 7 Tool tether device (chest)
4 Back-up device 4 Device lanyard
9.4.1 Planning & Management

The primary objective behind the planning and management of rope access system is to create a
work environment that maximizes safety and minimizes the risk of error, possible incidents and
injury, i.e. to provide a safe system of work.
Before any rope access work commences the following steps to be followed:
a) pre-work analysis: A pre-work analysis should be carried out before rope access work is
undertaken on the work to confirm that rope access is a suitable method and to ensure control
systems are in place to allow the work to be carried out safely. This should cover:
✓ How the work area can be accessed and exited safely
✓ Suitable anchorage points:
o Strength of both anchorage points must be validated by the level 3
certified rope access supervisor
o Hazards (Sharp edge, heat, entanglement etc)of the anchor line path
✓ whether there might be a risk of loose materials or equipment falling onto people
below;
✓ whether the duration of the work in a location might put the rope
access technician at risk, e.g. prolonged exposure to extremes of
heat or cold;
✓ whether rope access technicians could be rescued quickly from any
potential position
b) Hazard identification & Risk management: The hazard identification and
risk assessment should be site specific. They should be documented and should cover all
aspects of the work to be undertaken including the detailed consideration of foreseeable emergency
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scenarios as per the format of TSL (through HSE risk matrix of TSL). This should be completed
before the job.
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c) Safety method statement : Safety method statements are an effective way of producing an
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action plan for a safe system of work and are useful in bringing together the assessments of the
various hazards that may arise on a job. The safety method statement should set out Standard
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Operating procedure to be followed for each particular job. All safety method statements should
include a specific rescue plan also. All the applicable TSL Safety Standard to be referred for
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developing the standard operating procedure.
*Before work begins, there should be at least the following personnel in place to enable a rope
access team to carry out a task safely:
- a rope access manager with overall responsibility for the rope access site and rope access plan
- an appropriate number of trained, assessed and suitably equipped rope access technicians, with a
minimum of two, one of which is a Level 3 rope access safety supervisor
- Working agency (Rope access vendor) to prepare the plan for accessing and installing the rope
access system
9.4.2 Training and competence

The rope access vendor must have only IRATA (Industrial Rope Access Trade Association)
International certified L1, L2, L3 working personnel on rope. For every working site one L3 is
mandatory as supervisor to be deployed in addition to L1, L2
Rope access technicians are grouped into three technical grades, depending upon their experience
and level of assessment as
a) Level 1 : This is a rope access technician who is able to perform a specified range of rope access
tasks under the supervision of a Level 3 rope access safety supervisor.
b) Level 2 : This is an experienced rope access technician who has Level 1 skills plus more complex
rigging, rescue and rope access skills, under the supervision of a Level 3 rope access safety
supervisor.
c) Level 3 This is a rope access technician who is able to demonstrate the skills and knowledge
required of Levels 1 and 2; is conversant with relevant work techniques and legislation; has an
extensive knowledge of advanced rigging and rescue techniques; holds an appropriate and current
first aid certificate and has knowledge of the IRATA International training, assessment and
certification scheme. Subject to a Level 3 having the necessary supervisory skills, he/she can
become a rope access safety supervisor with responsibility for rope access safety in work projects
Rope access technicians should be:
a) trained and competent to carry out any access tasks that they are to undertake, including workmate
rescue/retrieval and should only be allocated tasks appropriate to their level of training;
b) sufficiently physically fit and free from any disability that might prevent them from working
safely at height;
c) competent in the pre-use inspection of their equipment, including an understanding of when
equipment should be withdrawn from service.
d) Fitness certificate of Rope access Technicians and their IRATA log book is mandatory to be
kept with them during execution.
To be considered competent, a rope access technician needs to have sufficient professional or
technical training, knowledge, actual experience and authority to enable them to:
a) carry out their assigned duties at the level of responsibility allocated to them;
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b) understand potential hazards related to the work under consideration and be able to carry out
appropriate workmate rescue procedures;
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c) detect technical defects or omissions in their work and equipment, recognize implications for
mitigate those implications.

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health and safety caused by such defects or omissions, and be able to specify a remedial action to
9.4.3 Supervision
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There should be proper management and supervision of the rope access worksite.
- Managers responsible for the rope access site should be:
a) competent in management skills;
b) have adequate knowledge of rope access technical procedures to enable them to manage the rope
access work site competently.
- Worksites using rope access require the supervision of rope access safety and of the work project
itself. These two types of supervision may be the responsibility of different people or the same
person. This code of practice covers only the supervision of rope access safety.
- Only Level 3 rope access technicians are permitted to be rope access safety supervisors. Rope
access safety supervisors should be:
a) competent in supervisory skills;
b) competent in rope access techniques appropriate to the particular worksite and should understand
the limitation of those techniques;
c) responsible for hazard identification and risk assessment for rope access related tasks;
d) competent in workmate rescue/retrieval techniques appropriate to each worksite and be able to
organize and put into effect a workmate rescue/retrieval appropriate to that worksite.
9.4.4 Selection of equipments

All the Tools & tackles required for Rope access of PETZL ® make are approved by TSL . Vendor
should have inspection, testing , calibration & certification records of all requisite tools & tackles.
• Ropes made from polyamide or polyester are suitable for anchor lines for rope access.
• Equipment used in any rope access system should be compatible and should be appropriate
to its application.
• Equipment should can withstand any foreseeable loads without catastrophic
damage to any component of the system.
• Equipment should be selected which, wherever possible, fails to safe.
• Use the specific slings wire (EN 13414-1)/Stitched (CE EN 795 B)– should be in
accordance with the international standard
9.4.5 Inspection and maintenance of equipment

• The manufacturer should always provide information on the inspection, care and
maintenance of equipment and this should be strictly followed. This section details good
practice for rope access purposes.
• Load-bearing rope access equipment should carry sufficient marking:
a) to enable identification of the manufacturer and, where appropriate, the model/type/class
of equipment;
b) so that it can be easily associated with its respective documentation, e.g. certificates of
conformity, examination and inspection records;
c) to allow further traceability, e.g. to enable the isolation of a rogue batch of components;
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d) to meet any requirements of legislation, e.g. national regulations.
There are three types of inspection to which all rope access equipment should be subjected,
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to decide if the equipment can continue to be used or if it should be removed from use and
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destroyed. These are the pre-use check, the detailed inspection and, in certain
circumstances, the interim inspection.
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Pre-use check : The pre-use check consists of a visual and tactile inspection, which should
be carried out before first use each day.
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Detailed Inspection: There should be a formal inspection procedure to ensure that
equipment is thoroughly inspected by a competent person (A competent person may exist
within a rope access company, or could be a specialist supplier, manufacturer or a specialist
repair organization) before equipment is used for the first time and then at intervals not
exceeding six months, or in accordance with a written inspection scheme. This should be
carried out in accordance with any manufacturer’s guidance. The results of detailed
inspections should be recorded.
Interim Inspection: Where equipment is used in arduous conditions or exceptional events
liable to jeopardize safety have occurred, further inspections (called interim inspections)
should be carried out. These are inspections in addition to the detailed inspection and the
normal pre-use check. They should be carried out by a competent person at intervals
determined by the risk assessment. Suitable times for interim inspections can be decided by
taking into account factors such as whether items are subject to high levels of wear and tear
(e.g. unusual loadings or a gritty environment) or contamination (e.g. in a chemical
atmosphere). Interim inspections should be recorded
• Equipment should be correctly stored and maintained, and should be traceable back to the
manufacturer or his authorized representative. After any necessary cleaning and drying,
equipment should be stored unpacked in a cool, dry, dark place in a chemically neutral
environment away from excessive heat or heat sources, high humidity, sharp edges,
corrosives, unauthorized access, rodents, ants (which emit formic acid) or other possible
causes of damage. Equipment should not be stored wet because of the possibility of fungal
attack or corrosion.
9.4.6 Working methods
Rope access system is the principle of double protection. It is essential to include the
provision of at least one additional means of protection to prevent a rope access technician
falling, for example, a safety line in conjunction with the working line. This means that,
should any one item fail within the suspension system, there is an adequate safety back-up
to protect the user. Therefore, when a rope access technician is to be in tension or suspension,
there should be at least two independently anchored lines, one primarily as a means of
access, egress and support (the working line) and the other as additional back-up security
(the safety line).
• The connection of a rope access technician to the rope access system or other personal fall
protection system and disconnection from it should be made in an area where there is no
risk of a fall from a height.
• The rope access technician should be connected to both the working line and the safety line
via a harness, which may be an appropriate sit harness or an appropriate full-body harness.
The same point on the harness may be used to connect the working line and the safety line
to it.
• The primary connection to the rope access technician of both the working line and the safety
line should always be via the harness, even if a work seat is being used.
• Steps should be taken to ensure a rope access technician is unable to descend inadvertently
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off the end of the working line or safety line and that, if the intention is to exit from them at
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the bottom, the anchor lines are long enough to do so.
• An efficient communication system should be established between all rope access
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technicians in the team and, where necessary, third parties, e.g. the control room, if offshore.
• Rope access systems should be planned to avoid falls. In the unlikely event of a fall, the
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impact load on a rope access technician should never be greater than 6 kN.
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• The distance and consequences of any potential fall should always be minimized. No
potential fall should allow the rope access technician to impact with the ground. All
practicable steps should be taken to avoid the possibility of impacting with the structure,
natural feature or obstructions in a way likely to cause injury.
• Rope access technicians should work in teams of no fewer than two, one of whom should
be a Level 3 rope access safety supervisor.
9.5 Special points of consideration:

9.5.1 There should be suitable arrangements in place at every worksite to provide rapid
workmate rescue/retrieval. These should include an appropriate site-specific plan, together with
equipment, rigging and anchors of adequate strength for workmate retrieval.
9.5.2 A rope access technician should endeavour always to be in a position such that, in the event
of an incident, he/she would be able to rescue him/herself, or to be rescued quickly and
efficiently by the work team or by a dedicated on-site rescue team.
9.5.3 As part of on-going training, rescue procedures should be practised at regular intervals
and before the start of any work in situations that are unfamiliar to any of the work team.
9.5.4 Rope access managers, rope access safety supervisors & technicians should have the work
experience and competency as mentioned in the IRATA guideline.
9.5.6 Manufacturers’ specifications for the permissible loading of equipment should be taken as
the starting point for the selection of equipment. Some equipment, e.g. descending devices;
backup devices, may be supplied with maximum and/or minimum rated loads (RLMAX and
RLMIN). Other equipment may be supplied with different types of load ratings, e.g. a safe
working load (SWL); working load limit (WLL).
9.5.7 For rope access, the use of rope with a nominal diameter of 11 mm is recommended.
9.5.8 When used in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions, the combination of backup
device, device lanyard, connectors and harness should be able to limit the force on the user to a
maximum of 6.0 kN in the event of a working line failure.
9.5.9 Wire rope used in the manufacture of lanyards and slings should have a minimum static
strength of 15 kN.
9.5.10 Anchor slings made from wire rope should have a minimum static strength of 15 kN.
9.5.11 When selecting, fitting and using anchors, the principle of double protection
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applies and, therefore, at least two anchors should always be used.
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9.5.12 Load-bearing rope access equipment should carry sufficient marking & Equipment
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that does not have adequate marking made by the manufacturer should be indelibly marked in a
manner that does not affect its integrity
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9.5.13 Records should be kept to track the use of individual pieces of equipment, its inspection
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and its maintenance.
9.5.14 The information supplied by the manufacturer for the equipment should be referred to
when deciding on the lifespan. It is also important that a history is kept of the use of equipment,
which should ideally log the conditions in which it was used, as this could be useful in any review
of the lifespan set for the equipment.
9.5.15 Equipment should not be altered without the prior approval of the manufacturer or supplier
because its performance might be affected.
9.5.16 Rope access technicians with a mass should not exceed from 100 kg . Any exemption in
this should be done through taking appropriate steps to ensure that their anchors are of sufficient
strength, e.g. by ensuring that there is sufficient energy absorption in the anchor system to keep
the impact load on them and the anchors down to 6 kN or less in the case of any fall, and/or by
increasing the strength of the anchors above the recommended minimum of 15 kN.
9.5.17 Wherever feasible, the two independent anchors – one for the working line and one for
the safety line, and each with a static strength of 15 kN or more – should be linked together
for added security. This link can be achieved, for example, by the use of a double figure-of-eight
knot on the bight (also known as a bunny knot) or a combination of a figure-of-eight knot on the
bight and an alpine butterfly knot, see Figure
Example of a Y hang arrangement where the Strength of each individual anchor is 15 kN or

greater
Device lanyards and anchor lanyards made from dynamic rope with knotted terminations should
have a minimum static strength of 15 kN. The strength of the combination of chosen rope and
knots should be confirmed, e.g. by testing the lanyard or by reference to information supplied by
the manufacturer.
9.5.18 Anchor slings, which typically are used where there are no suitable anchors to which the
ropes can be attached directly, should have a minimum breaking strength of 22 kN if they are
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made from man-made fibres and a minimum breaking strength of 15 kN if they are made from
steel wire or chain.
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9.5.19 The contained angle formed by the ropes linking the anchors in a Y hang (the Y angle)
should be as low as possible and should generally not exceed 90 degree.
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9.5.20 Rope access technicians should not ascend or descend any anchor lines without
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confirmation from the rope access safety supervisor that it is safe to do so, following pre-
descent/pre-ascent checks
9.5.21 Slack in the safety line should always be avoided to minimize the length of any potential
fall.
9.5.22 Before any anchor lines are de-rigged, it is essential that all members of the team confirm
that they are safe and aware that de-rigging is about to take place.
9.5.23 The tails of all knots should be at least 100 mm long, once the knot has been set. Knots
should never be tied in anchor lines made from wire rope.
9.5.24 One member of the work team has to be qualified as an IRATA International Level 3 rope
access technician and be competent to supervise rope access safety
9.5.25. This equipment should be sufficient to carry out a rescue from any situation on the site.
This could be the rope access technician’s normal rope access equipment, preferably rigged for
rescue, e.g. the working line and safety line established with releasable anchors to allow rapid
implementation of lowering or hauling in an emergency.
9.5.26 The vendor will maintain the norms of IRATA & record as per the standard, but the
vendor certification through IRATA is optional.
9.5.27 The vendor will be audited by a 3rd party who will be authorized by TSL every year
to check their systems and process adherence to IRATA certification.
9.5.28 As per the IRATA norms, all the rope access kits should comply with the EN standard.
All rope access items should be numbered & vendor should maintain record of all the rope access
kit which can be produced as & when audited. Checklists for maintaining quality of these items
need to be certified by L3 level persons. All such items need to be verified before use and once
in a quarter.
9.5.29 Fitness certification for all working person as per the working at height guideline should
be furnished to TSL contract owner before starting the job.
9.5.30 The acceptable limit of Working environment temperature is 45 degree or less during rope
access job execution
9.5.31 Winds in excess of 37 km/h are likely to affect a person’s balance and above that no work
is allowed
r d
9.6 Annexure: (source : Web Rigging Services Ltd Checklist used for TSL)
a
d
Any inspection checklist to be signed by concerned L3 supervisor of the rope access vendor
n
S ta
li d
Va
9.6.1 : Rope access system : Daily work record : Form no. SS/ENGG-03/RA/checklist/01
Daily Works Record (Rope access vendor)

Date: ………………… Work Order no Department/sectio
n/ subsection
Tool box talk No Yes

Anchorage suitability No Yes
Work Tasks Changes (after No Yes If ‘Yes’ complete details incl. ‘authorized by’ in daily log
finalization)
Risk Assessment Changes (after No Yes If ‘Yes’ complete details incl. times and changes in daily log
finalization)
Method Statement Changes (after No Yes If ‘Yes’ complete details incl. times and changes in daily log
finalization)
Site Briefing (content) Include all changes noted above and other topics requested by project manager, client or others relevant to the
days works.
Daily Checks
Personal Rigged Un- 1st Aid & Buddy Rigging Six Tools and plant
Supervisor Equipment
Equipment
rigged Rescue check Equipmen directi
Name Equipm Equipment t onal
hazard
ent
a r d
Comments/Changes:
n d
S ta
li d
All appropriate qualifications of all personnel named below
checked and found to be valid and in date
Yes No If ‘No’ complete details and action taken in daily log
Va
Lifting Plan acceptable and discussed Yes No If ‘No’ complete details and action taken in daily log
Rescue and Emergency Plan acceptable and discussed Yes No If ‘No’ complete details and action taken in daily log
All equipment acceptable Yes No If ‘No’ complete details incl. ID Numbers, fault, cause and
action in daily log
Communication established Yes No If ‘No’ complete details and action taken in daily log
Working over water Yes No
Working agency
Comments/Changes: Supervisor Signature
Timesheet
Personal Read and Understood Attended Travel Time R Do Total Hours Signature
Team Equipment Briefing Worked
YES or NO o wn
Names & Task
Checked - YES p tim
Details
or NO e e
Explaine
d H
o
YES or
ur
NO
s
Supervisor
a r d
Name:
n d Date: Signature:
S ta
DAILY LOG
li d Job nr: Date:
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Others observations during the job :
9.6.2 : Rope access system : Equipment level checklist

Form no. SS/ENGG-03/RA/checklist/02
Equipment inspection checklist
Type of equipment: All equipment manufactured from man-made fibres
Date of inspection: ________________________________________

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Equipment detail: _________________________________________
Equipment unique id: ______________________________________
Last inspected on: ________________________________________
Due date of inspection: ____________________________________
Description Remarks
I have read the information supplied by the manufacturer
The equipment is within the manufacturer's recommended lifespan
The equipment has not been subjected to loads in excess of the manufacturer’s limitations
The equipment has not been reported as having arrested a fall
Carry out a visual and/or tactile check for:
Excessive wear to any part
Abrasion, particularly to load-bearing parts
Any abrasion protection intended to be fitted is in place
Furry webbing or rope (This usually indicates abrasion)
Stitching: abraded, broken or cut
Cuts, particularly to load-bearing parts
a r d
d
Dirty webbing or rope (Dirt accelerates abrasion, both externally and internally)
n
ta
Legibility of marking for identification
Evidence of unauthorized modification
chemical contamination
d S
Damage by chemicals, e.g. a powdery surface, discolouration, hardened areas all of which can signify
Damage by heat, e.g. glazed areas

li
Actions:
•
•
•
Va
Equipment is beyond recommended lifespan: remove from service
Equipment has been subjected to loads in excess of manufacturer’s limitations: remove from service
Equipment has been reported as having arrested a fall: remove from service
• Excessive wear to any part: remove from service
• Abrasion: if excessive, remove from service. A small amount of abrasion is permissible
• Intended abrasion protection is not in place: remove from service
• Stitching cut, broken or abraded: remove from service
• Cuts: remove from service
• Dirty: clean according to the manufacturer's instructions
• Marking for identification is not legible: ensure legibility before allowing the product into service
• Evidence of unauthorized modification: remove from service
• Chemical contamination: remove from service
• Heat damage: remove from service
If in doubt on any point, remove from service
Inspected By:
Name Signature

Type of equipment: Working lines and safety lines

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Description Remarks
Carry out all the appropriate general checks listed under the heading
All equipment manufactured from man-made fibres
Additionally:
Carry out a visual check on:
Ends of anchor lines for excessive wear
Inside and outside of any terminations, e.g. attachment-point loops, for wear
For contamination by grit, externally and internally, if possible
For external and internal damage. On cable-laid ropes used as anchor lines (unusual), open up the lay
d
and inspect as above. On kernmantel ropes, feel for unusually soft or hard areas, both on the sheath
r
and the core. (This signifies damage.) Check particularly the ends of ropes
That all knots are secure
a
That knot overlaps are sufficient
n d
Actions:
•
• S ta
Excessive wear to any part of the anchor line: remove from service
Excessive external and/or internal grit: clean in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. If it is not possible to
•
li d
remove the grit, inspect the rope for damage by abrasion more frequently than normal
Unusually soft or hard areas: remove from service. (Sometimes, the damage is only local, so damaged areas can be cut
Va
out.)
• Knots: if in doubt, remove from service. Knots may be retied by a competent person. Tension knots with body weight and
ensure that there is sufficient overlap (minimum 100 mm). If the knots in an anchor line appear to be very tight, either retie
the knots or replace the anchor line
Inspected By:
Name Signature

Type of equipment: Harnesses

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Description Remarks
Additionally:
Inside and outside any terminations, e.g. textile attachment-point loops, for all the points listed under the
general checking procedure
on fastening and adjustment buckles for:
Correct assembly
Correct functioning
Excessive wear
Corrosion
Cracks
a r d
Other damage
n d
Actions:
•
S ta
Textile terminations: treat in accordance with the general checking procedure
•
•
•
li d
Fastening and adjustment buckles, other safety critical metal or plastics components:
Incorrect assembly: correct assembly
Va
Incorrect functioning: remove from service
• Excessive wear: remove from service
• Corrosion: remove from service
• Cracks: remove from service
• Other damage: remove from service
Inspected By:
Name Signature

Type of equipment: Lanyards and slings

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Description Remarks
Additionally:
All knots for security
That knot overlaps are sufficient
That knots in anchor lanyards and device lanyards are not too tight (i.e. that they would still provide some
energy absorption)
Actions:
a r d
•
•
n d
Textile terminations: treat in accordance with the general checking procedure
Knots: if in doubt, remove from service. Knots may be retied by a competent person. Tension knots with body weight and
ta
ensure that there is sufficient overlap (minimum 100 mm). If the knots in an anchor lanyard or device lanyard appear to be
very tight, either retie the knots or replace the lanyard.
d S
li
Va
Inspected By:
Name Signature

Type of equipment: Energy absorbers

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Description Remarks
Additionally:
That there are no signs of any deployment (i.e. partial activation) of the energy absorber
Actions:
• Textile terminations: treat in accordance with the general checking procedure
• Any sign of deployment: remove from service
a r d
n d
Inspected By:
S ta
Name
li d Signature
Va

Type of equipment: All metallic equipment

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Description Remarks
I have read the information supplied by the manufacturer.
The equipment is within the manufacturer's recommended lifespan.
The equipment has not been subjected to loads in excess of the manufacturer’s limitations
The equipment has not been reported as having arrested a fall
Build up of foreign matter, e.g. grit; grease; sealant; paint
Wear, particularly to friction-inducing surfaces, e.g. bobbins, and wear indicators, where present
Cuts
Heavy marking or scoring and crazing of surface finish (crazing often indicates distortion)
Burring
Cracks
a r d
Contamination by chemicals
n d
Corrosion, e.g. rusting; stress corrosion cracking; galvanic corrosion
Deformation, e.g. twisted

S ta
Actions:
li d
Va
• Equipment is beyond recommended lifespan: remove from service
• Equipment has been subjected to loads in excess of manufacturer’s limitations: remove from service
• Equipment has been reported as having arrested a fall: remove from service
• Remove any foreign matter
• Excessive wear: remove from service. Some wear is permissible: refer to manufacturer's information
• Cuts, heavy burring, marking or scoring, crazing of surface finish: remove from service
• Cracks: remove from service
• Bad corrosion: remove from service
• Contamination by chemicals: remove from service
• Deformation: remove from service
Inspected By:
Name Signature

Type of equipment: Descending devices

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Description Remarks
All metallic equipment
Additionally:
Moving parts function correctly, e.g. handles; locking devices; cams; springs; locking catches
Hinge pins are in good condition
Threaded assemblies are fully tightened and correctly secured
Actions:
•
•
•
Hinge pins not in good condition: remove from service
a d
Incorrect functioning: remove from service. If any moving parts do not function correctly, remove from service
r
Threaded assemblies not properly tightened or are unable to be tightened if it is the intention that the user may do so:
remove from service and correct the problem
n d
S
If in doubt on any point, remove from service ta
Inspected By:
li d
Name
Va Signature

Type of equipment: Ascending devices/Backup devices

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Description Remarks
Additionally:
Moving parts function correctly, e.g. cam; springs; locking catch
There is no damage to cams, e.g. broken teeth
Hinge pin is in good condition
Threaded assemblies are fully tightened and correctly secured
Actions:
•
• r d
Incorrect functioning: remove from service. If any moving parts do not function correctly, remove from service
Hinge pin not in good condition: remove from service
a
•
d
Threaded assemblies not properly tightened or are unable to be tightened if it is the intention that the user may do so:
remove from service and correct the problem
n
S
If in doubt on any point, remove from service ta
Inspected By:
li d
Name
Va Signature

Type of equipment: Connectors

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Description Remarks
Additionally:
Moving parts function correctly, e.g. keeper locates in body correctly; spring returns the keeper correctly;
keeper locking mechanism operates correctly (screw gate, twist-lock); any threaded parts run correctly
Hinge pin is in good condition
Catch pin is not bent
Actions:
•
•
r d
Incorrect functioning: if any moving parts do not function correctly, remove from service
Hinge pin not in good condition: remove from service
a
• Catch pin bent: remove from service
n d
S ta
Inspected By:
li d
Va
Name Signature

Type of equipment: Lanyards and slings made from metal, e.g. wire strops

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Description Remarks
Additionally:
Carry out a visual check for:
Wear or damage to wire strands inside and outside the attachment point loops and that the attachment-
point loop terminations are undamaged and secure
Excessive wear to any other part, especially load-bearing parts, e.g. broken wire strands
Any abrasion protection intended to be fitted is in place
Any moving parts function correctly
Actions:
a r d
•
•
n d
Wear or damage to wire strands inside and outside the attachment point loops: remove from service
Excessive wear or damage to any other part: remove from service. Some wear is permissible: refer to manufacturer's
•
•
information
S ta
Any abrasion protection intended to be fitted is not in place or is damaged: remove from service
Incorrect functioning: if any moving parts do not function correctly, remove from service
li d
Inspected By:
Name
Va Signature

Type of equipment: Helmets

Vendor Name: ___________________________________________
Description Remarks
I have read the information supplied by the manufacturer.
The helmet is within the manufacturer's recommended lifespan.
The helmet has not been subjected to loads in excess of the manufacturer’s limitations
Cracks, deformation or other damage to the shell
Damage to the cradle/chinstrap assembly
Excessive wear to any part
Check that:
The chin strap adjusts fully and easily to achieve a correct fit
The headband adjusts fully and easily to achieve a correct fit
a r d
accordance with the helmet manufacturer’s instructions
n d
Labels, e.g. self-adhesive labels (‘stickers’), placed on helmets not by the manufacturer are in
Actions:
•
S ta
Helmet beyond recommended lifespan: remove from service
•
•
li d
Helmet has been subjected to loads in excess of manufacturer’s limitations: remove from service
Any cracks, deformation or other damage, including scoring or cuts to the shell: remove from service
Va
• Damage to the cradle/chinstrap assembly: remove from service
• Excessive wear to any part: remove from service
• No chin strap, or chin strap does not adjust fully and easily: remove from service
• Headband does not adjust fully and easily: remove from service
• Headband adjustment does not stay in position: remove from service
• Labels placed on helmets that are not in accordance with the helmet manufacturer’s instructions: remove from service
Inspected By:
Name Signature
10 Checking, Corrective & Preventive Action.
• Concerned Head of Department and Sectional in charge of the department, including the
consultants and contractors, shall ensure implementation of above procedure through
periodic interaction with working agency and site visit.
• Any incident/accident occurring during such working shall be communicated to Safety

Officer and persons affected should be given First Aid at nearest First Aid Station and
medical support as required.
11 Training:
Employees involved in the erection, dismantling, moving, repairing, maintenance etc., shall
receive training from a competent person & qualified person. The purpose of the training is to
recognize any hazards associated with the work in question. Training shall consist of:
• the nature of height work hazards
• the correct procedures for erecting, dismantling, moving, operating, repair, inspection, and
maintenance type of work.
• the design criteria, maximum intended load carrying capacity, and intended use of the work
platform, lifting tackles, access system, climbing system, winch system, lifting system,
a r d
man lifter system, various anchorages, lifelines, procedures for height work etc.
n d
Employees who perform work while at height shall be trained by a qualified person so they can
recognize hazards associated with the type of scaffolding, access , lift system etc. being used
as necessary:
S ta
and understand the procedures to control those hazards. Training will cover the following topics
• li d
Va
The nature of any electrical hazards, fall hazards, and falling object hazards in the work
area.
• The correct procedures for dealing with electrical hazards and for erecting, maintaining,
and disassembling the fall protection systems and falling object protection systems used
• The proper use of the height facilities and the proper handling of materials on the system
being used.
The maximum intended load and the load carrying capacities of the supports system, work
platform, cages, cradles, access system, ropes, man lifters, winches, life lines , anchorages etc.
NOTE : For use of ladders , stairs, pl-forms etc in plants, departments Safety Standard SS/ENGG-
21 version -0.0 also to be read.
12 Records:
• Concerned Sectional In-charge shall maintain record of work permit for working at height
for at least one year.
• Records for incident/accident are to be maintained at the department and also made
available to Safety Department for monitoring the same at least for five years.
• Records of tests for the equipment, slings, cage, rope ladders etc. being used for working
at height
13 Monitoring & Reviewing

Frequency Mechanism Record Responsibility
Daily Inspection of Record of work Permit All Contractors, Consultants
work permit issue & Executing Department
14. Attachment-1
FALL ARREST SYSTEM CHECKLIST

Sl.
Question Y/N
No.
Anchorage Points
Do workers know appropriate anchorage points for each task that requires a fall-
1
arrest or restraint system?
Are all anchorage points capable of supporting at least 2000 kilograms per person
2
attached and supervised by a qualified person?
Are all anchorage points for body harnesses located at shoulder height and are
3
anchorage points for self-retracting lifeline systems located overhead?
4 Are anchorage points independent of the working surface?
5
exposure to a fall?
a d
Can a worker move from one station to another or climb up and down without
r
6
n d
If the lifeline, lanyard, or self-retracting lifeline is not permanently attached to an
anchorage point at the elevated work area, is the first worker up or the last worker
ta
down protected while climbing and traversing?
S
Vertical Lifelines
li d
Va
1 Does the lifeline have a minimum breaking strength of 2000 kilograms)?
2 Is the lifeline protected from abrasive or cutting edges?
Does the system provide fall protection as the worker connects to and releases
3
from the lifeline?
Is the lifeline arranged so workers never have to hold it for balance? (A lifeline
4
should never be used for balance.)
Is the vertical segment integrated with the horizontal segment to provide
5
continuous fall protection?
Horizontal Lifelines
Has the entire horizontal lifeline system been designed and approved by a
1
qualified person?
Have the anchorages to which the lifeline is attached been designed and evaluated
2
specifically for a horizontal lifeline?
Has the designer of the system approved the number of workers who will be using
3
it?
4 Is the rope or cable free from signs of wear or abrasion?
5 Does the rope or cable have the required initial sag?
6 Have the workers been warned about potential falls?

Sl.
Question Y/N
No.
7 Have the clearances been checked?
Is the hardware riding on the horizontal lifeline made of steel? (Aluminum is not
8
permitted because it wears excessively.)
Fall Arresters (Rope Grabs)
Is the fall arrester compatible with the lifeline on which it is to be installed or
1
operated?
2 Is the fall arrester in operational condition?
Is the fall arrester equipped with a changeover lever that allows it to become a
3
stationary anchor on the lifeline?
Is the fall arrester equipped with a locking mechanism that prevents unintentional
4
opening of the device and subsequent disengagement from the lifeline?
Is the fall arrester's “up” direction marked properly so the equipment can be
5
attached to the line correctly?
6 Is the fall arrester included in a regular maintenance program?
Lanyards
Is the lanyard length as short as necessary and in no cases greater than 6 feet (1.8
1
meters)?
2 r d
Are manually adjustable lanyards used when it is desirable to be able to take slack
a
out of the lanyard?
n d
Have you prohibited tying of knots from the lanyard to the lifeline? (Mechanical
3
4
S
Are double lanyards provided ?ta
rope grabs or fall arresters must be used.)
li
Retractable Lifeline (RL)
d
Va
1 Are workers properly trained to use an RL?
2 Is the RL under a regular maintenance and inspection program?
Is the end of the cable properly spliced? (thimble eye, Flemish eye-spliced, and
3
swaged fitting/ferrule?)
Body Harnesses
Are full-body harnesses selected for a particular job equipped with all necessary
1 attachment points (for fall arresting, work positioning, descent control, rescue, or
ladder fall-protection systems)?
Are body harnesses inspected regularly for wear, abrasion, broken stitching, and
2
missing hardware?
3 Have workers been instructed in the use and care of body harnesses/body belts?
Other Considerations
Has the free-fall distance been considered so that a worker will not strike a lower
1
surface or object before the fall is arrested?
2 Have pendulum-swing fall hazards been eliminated?
3 Have safe methods to retrieve fallen workers been planned?
Is all of the fall-arrest equipment free of potential damage from welding, chemical
4
corrosion, or sandblasts?
Are all components of the system compatible according to the manufacturer's
5
instructions?

Sl.
Question Y/N
No.
Have employees been properly trained in the following issues?
– Manufacturer's recommendations, restrictions, instructions, and warnings
6
– Location of appropriate anchorage points and attachment techniques
– Problems associated with elongation, method of use, inspection, and storage
7 Are all regular inspections performed by trained inspectors?
8 Are written reports maintained?
Is adequate method of rescue of persons working at height worked out depending
9 on the situation before starting of job?
Is it documented?
10 Are person trained at carryout identified method of rescue?
11 Are names of rescuers are displayed at site and communicated to all concerned?
SUPPORTS SYSTEM & PROCEDURE CHECKLIST

Sl.
Question Y/N
No.
Anchorage / support fixing Points
Do location of the anchoring / support fixing points inspected for proper location
1
of the support system?
a r d
Do the new support system for access/lifting system like winch , pully, climber
2
n d
system, rope access system, cradles/cages etc. as per manufactures EOM?
3
S ta
In case of other support system, whether sketches are in line with Standard
Drawings / method / procedure defined in the safety standards ?
4
li d
Whether the life line post are adequately & rigidly connected to the supports?
Va
Sheeting work
1 Whether the scheme for roof sheeting work access system ready?
Whether sheet lifting system in line with the sketches shown in the safety
2
standard?
3 Whether the sheeting cages are as per the Standard Drawings?
Whether the lifting system for tools , tackles, & screw machines is in line with
4
the sketch shown in this standard?
Whether the sheet fixing process is in line with the procedure defined in the this
5
standard?
6 Whether the sheet lifting is in line with the standard drawings?
Painting Work
1 Whether the existing ladders /staircases are adequate and inspected for wellness?
2 Suitability of a option of various methods or system studied ?
Sl.
Question Y/N
No.
Anchorage / support fixing Points
Structural support for winch, pulleys system, lifeline support for fall arrestor etc.
1
are in line with the sketches shown in this standard?
Do capacity of winches, pulleys, d-shackles & slings /steel wire rope ascertained
2
for not less than 5000 Kg?
Do steel wire rope / sling as life line for fall arrestor, suspended parallel to
3
hanging cages/cradles?
Do all sketches, drawings, photographs, pictorials, etc. of this standard have been
4
studied for their applicability as per site needs?
Approach requirements for Chimneys / Stacks / Flare Stacks
1 Approach requirement for Chimneys / Stacks / Flare Stacks as per clause 7.15
Rope Access system
1 Rope Access System as per clause 9 of this standard
NOTE:- All the Tata Steel Standard Drawings as appearing in this safety standard are to be
followed. In case of supply items of an Industrial manufacturer, this must be approved from
a competent & qualified person / engineer of the executing department. performing &
supervising a job.
a r d
All other drawing sketches/ pictures/ details as shown in this standard are the guidelines.
Proper sketches/ drawings must be prepared as per the guidelines based on site requirements
d
and to be approved by a competent &qualified Engineer of the Executing department
n
ta
performing & supervising a job.
S
14. Check & guidelines for working below 2 M height :
d
li
1. Platform made for working at height below 2m shall be stable and placed on firm ground.
Va
2. Proper hand railing of 1m height shall be provided around the working platform above
500mm which will include top rail, middle rail and toe guards on three sides. On one side
where the person will work a removable chain shall be provided.
3. Steps with hand railing shall be provided for persons to climb the platform for above
300mm
4. Working while standing on the ladder shall not be allowed except for light work of very
small duration.
5. There shall not be any gap between the working platform and the job area.
6. No person shall stand on a truck/trailer bed while loading/unloading of material is going

on.
7. A drum shall not be used as platform for working at low height.

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WORKING AT HEIGHTS AND CONTINUOUS

Manoj Kumar, Atanu Mandal Sharat Chandra Kumar

Periodicity of Review of this Document Three years

Version Control History

7.2.6.4 Working in confined spaces.…………………………………………………...................19

5.0 Associated Hazards: Falling from height.

6.1 Types of personal anchorages

• Independently inspected every 12 months,

Fig: Horizontal Rope System

• These must be installed by qualified installers in a fixed location to engineered

6.5 Temporary static line systems

6.6 Free Fall clearance (static lines)

• ISI:3521:1999 Industrial Safety Harnesses Selection, Use and Maintenance

Note: EN 365: For marking requirement

7.1 Steps to take before working at height

When selecting a means of access, remember:

7.2 Continuous Fall Protection

7.2.1 Systematic Approach to Continuous Fall Protection

7.2.4 Eliminating Fall Hazards and Preventing Falls

7.2.5 Controlling Falls

Numerous vendors supply full lines of fall-arrest equipment, including anchorage

▪ Aluminium prefabricated systems.

▪ They should be erected, maintained, altered and dismantled by a certificated scaffolder of

7.3.1.3 General principles to improve stability

7.3.1.4 Specific recommendations to improve stability

7.3.4 Pictorials of portable Scaffolds

Two double deck mobiles with proprietary bridge (span deck)

Frame mobile tower System mobile tower

Note: Only the top lift is a working platform

middle rail at handrailing.

7.4 Approach Ladders & Staircase:

Right way of Climbing on a ladder:

7.5 Safe working platforms

In case of non-availability / justified non suitability of above, it is to be made possible to work

Before work starts check that:

• Equipment is installed, modified and dismantled / removed only by competent specialists;

At the end of each day check that:

The platform is cleared of tools and equipment;

• Whoever is operating it is fully trained and competent;

• Operate MEWPs close to overhead cables or other dangerous machinery;

7.8 Mast climbing work platforms

When mast platforms are used, make sure:

7.9 Temporarily suspended access cradles and platforms

• Unsafe access to and from the cradle;

When using cradles check that:

At the end of the day/shift, the following at least should be done:

• The platform cleared of tools and equipment;

7.10 Boatswain's chairs/seats

Cantilever support with slinging system Structural support at top of a building/structure

Manufacturer supplied cradles/cages Support system of the cradles/cages

A sample Manufactures guidelines with the cradle/cages Slings supporting attachment

7.12 Roof work:

Scope of work & Key Consideration for safe roof work

Ensure the following :

 Work is undertaken from the ground or a solid platform wherever possible.

 Anyone working on a roof has suitable non-slip footwear.

• Aerial access equipment, such as a cherry picker;

• A work positioning system, such as a travel restraint or industrial rope access

Keeping up to date with fall prevention

Working inside a roof

7.13.1 Working Cage

2. Another arrangement is to be made with a GI wire tied around the machine as

3. A 10/12 mm dia PP Rope(s) is to be anchored firmly to this clamp by means of Self