Actividad de aprendizaje 5

Evidencia 5: Workshop: Getting started as a translator

As part of your English Learning Process, it is important to get familiar with

technical vocabulary in order to be able to translate short pieces of texts
containin technical information.

A. Getting familiar with thechnical vocabulary

After revising the vocabulary in the material “Strategic framework: developing
guidelines”, read the given definitions and complete the followig crossword.

Across

1. The act of producing more of something than is needed, or to

produce too much

9. Movement of goods or services along the value stream from raw

materials to the customer without backflow, stoppages, or waste.

12. A party that supplies goods or services. A supplier may be

distinguished from a contractor or subcontractor, who commonly adds
specialized input to deliverables. Also called vendor.

13. Basic substance in its natural, modified, or semi-processed state,

used as an input to a production process for subsequent modification or
transformation into a finished good.

14. An estimate of costs, revenues, and resources over a specified

period, reflecting a reading of future financial conditions and goals.

15. Department, facility, machine, or resource already working at its full

capacity and which, therefore, cannot handle any additional demand
placed on it. Also called critical resource.

Down
2. Study of capabilities and limitations of mental and physical work in
different settings. Ergonomics applies anatomical, physiological, and
psychological knowledge (called human factors) to work and work
environments in order to reduce or eliminate factors that cause pain or
discomfort.

3. A business or person that sells goods to the consumer, as opposed to

a wholesaler or supplier, who normally sell their goods to another
business.

4. Desire for certain good or service supported by the capacity to

purchase it

5. Highest sustainable output rate (maximum number of units per month,

quarter, or year) that can be achieved with current resources,
maintenance strategies, product specifications, etc.

6. An itemized catalog or list of tangible goods or property, or the

intangible attributes or qualities.

7. Estimate of expected demand over a specified future period. Also

called forecast demand.

8. The comparison of what is actually produced or performed with what

can be achieved with the same consumption of resources (money, time,
labor, etc.). It is an important factor in determination of productivity.

9. Work arrangement (or rearrangement) aimed at reducing or

overcoming job dissatisfaction and employee alienation arising from
repetitive and mechanistic tasks. Through job design, organizations try
to raise productivity levels by offering non-monetary rewards such as
greater satisfaction from a sense of personal achievement in meeting
 the increased challenge and responsibility of on1e's work. Job
enlargement, job enrichment, job rotation, and job simplification are the
various techniques used in a job design exercise.

10. Non-productive time (during which an employee is still paid) of employees

or machines, or both, due to work stoppage from any cause. Also called idle
time, allowed time, or downtime.

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O V E R P R O D U C T I O N D

R E E A N E
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E G T M P V M
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F L O W A A A E A

F N I N C N N

I O L D I T D
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C M E T O J F
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I I R W Y R O O

E C A Y B R
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N S U P P L I E R D E

C T E C
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Y R A W M A T E R I A L S A

I I S
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M B U D G E T
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B O T T L E N E C K N

B. Understanding Word categories

Translate the following terms into Spanish and determine their gramatical
category. Check the example:

English Term Spanish Translation Gramatical Category

Supply chain Cadena de abastecimiento Noun phrase
supply chain management Administración de cadena Normalization
1
BusinessDictionary. (s.f.). Diccionario de términos. Consultado el 31 de agosto de 2016, en:
http://www.businessdictionary.com
 de abastecimiento
flow of goods Flujo de bienes Noun phrase
storage of goods Almacenamiento de bienes Normalization
point of origin Punto de origen Noun phrase
point of consumption Lugar de consumo Noun phrase
consumer Consumidor Noun
supplier Proveedor Noun
customer Cliente Noun
provider Proveedor Noun
network Red Noun
procurement Aprovisionamiento Normalization
transformation Transformación Normalization
warehousing and Almacenamiento y
Normalization
distribution distribución
intermediate product Producto en proceso Noun phrase
finished product Producto terminado Noun phrase
to meet customers’ Satisfacer los
Verb
requirements requerimientos del cliente
re-engineering Re-ingeniería Noun phrase
freight and transport costs Costos de flete y transporte Noun phrase
destination market Mercado destino Noun phrase
seasonal trends Tendencias estacionales Noun phrase
import and export Regulaciones de
Noun phrase
regulations importación y exportación
customs duties and taxes Aranceles e impuestos Noun phrase
Administración de
inventory management Normalization
inventario
delivery services Servicios de entrega Noun phrase
order fulfilment Cumplimiento de pedido Normalization

C. Evaluating translations
Read the following translations and identify the possible problems in the result.
You can express the problems you identify in Spanish. Please, provide a
possible solution for each case

English Spanish Your opinion Your correction

Translation
Logistics is one of Logísticas es una -Hace falta el uso La logística es una
the spheres, which de las esferas, que del artículo “La” de las esferas que
still have potential todavía tienen antes de aún tiene potencial
as far as improving potencial en cuanto Logísticas. en cuanto se
performance is a mejorar el -En español, el refiere al
concerned. rendimiento se término logística se mejoramiento del
refiere. debe utilizar en rendimiento.
singular.
-El verbo “tienen”
 se debe utilizar en
singular porque nos
estamos refiriendo
a “la esfera de la
logística”
The global logistics El global mercado -Está traducido en El mercado global
market has grown de logísticas han desorden de la logística ha
radically over the crecido -Es “la logística” crecido
years. radicalmente sobre No es “sobre” los radicalmente en los
los años. años últimos años
The main customer Los principales -“atendidos” en Los principales
groups served by grupos de clientes lugar de “servidos” grupos de clientes
the logistics servidos por la atendidos por la
industry are parcel industria logística industria de la
and documents son los servicios de logística son los
express delivery entrega urgente de servicios de
services, paquetería y entrega urgente de
warehousing and documentos, paquetería y
distribution, etc. almacenamiento y documentos,
distribución, etc. almacenamiento y
distribución, etc.
Efficient logistics Logística eficientes -Eficiente en Una logística
and transportation y el sistema de singular, ya que se eficiente y el
system are transporte son refiere a la logística sistema de
important importantes previos -Requisitos previos, transporte son
prerequisites of the requisitos del no previos requisitos previos
development of any desarrollo de requisitos importantes para el
economy. ninguna economía. -“cualquier” en desarrollo de
lugar de “ninguna” cualquier economía
The art and science El arte y la ciencia -Es “bienes” no El arte y la ciencia
of delivering goods de la entrega de “buenos” de entregar
with speed and buenos con rapidez -Eficientemente o productos con
precision can help y precisión pueden de modo eficiente rapidez y precisión
businesses operate ayudar negocios a -gain = ganar pueden ayudar a
more efficiently, operar más las empresas a
lower costs and eficiente, reducir operar de manera
gain new costos y gain más eficiente,
customers. nuevos clientes. reducir costos y
ganar nuevos
clientes.
Logistics has Las logísticas ha -Logística en La logística ha
evolved throughout evolucionado a lo singular evolucionado a lo
centuries to largo y ancho de -Sólo “largo”, sin largo de los siglos
become an integral las centurias para ancho para convertirse en
part of every convertirse en una -“siglos” en lugar de una parte integral
business. parte integral de “centurias” de todos los
cada negocios. -Negocio en negocios.
singular
D. Identifying tenses
Read the sentences given below and identify the tense form used in each of
them. Translate the sentences into Spanish.

Tense Spanish translation

 Last year, the U.S. Simple past El año pasado, la industria
business logistics de negocios de logística de
industry continued to Estados Unidos continuó
grow at an creciendo a un ritmo nunca
unprecedented rate. antes visto.
 Global competition Simple past La competencia global
began to spread in the comenzó a extenderse en
1970s and accelerated la década de 1970 y se
in the 1990s. aceleró en la de 1990.
 Logistics has evolved Present perfect La logística ha
throughout centuries to evolucionado a lo largo de
become an integral los siglos para convertirse
part of every business. en una parte integral de
todos los negocios.
 Globalization is still Present continuous La globalización todavía
moving forward today. está avanzando hoy.
 Since 2000, the rail Present perfect Desde 2000, la industria
freight industry has del transporte de
undergone a mercancías por ferrocarril
remarkable ha experimentado una
transformation. transformación notable.
 Logistics has been Present perfect continuous La logística ha estado
playing a fundamental jugando un papel
role in global fundamental en el
development for desarrollo global durante
almost 5,000 years. casi 5.000 años.
 Since the construction Present perfect Desde la construcción de
of the pyramids in las pirámides en el antiguo
ancient Egypt, logistics Egipto, la logística ha
has made a logrado un progreso
remarkable progress. notable.
 Recently, innovations Present perfect Recientemente, las
have become vital to innovaciones se han vuelto
meet customer vitales para satisfacer las
expectations. expectativas de los
clientes.
 Now, the company is Present continuous Ahora, la empresa está
working on a new trabajando en un nuevo
project. proyecto.
 Usually, freight Simple present Por lo general, los agentes
forwarders organize de carga organizan el
shipping of various envío de diversos
 goods. productos.
 Now, the ABC Present continuous Ahora, la Compañía ABC
Company is expanding está ampliando sus
its production facilities instalaciones de
to include a new producción para incluir una
product line. nueva línea de productos.

E. Critical Thinking
Answer the following questions.

1. According to your experience, which steps did you follow to complete the
different translations?
Read and understand the context. Look for the meaning of the unknown words.
Write the translation and read it to look if it makes sense.

2. According to your experience, do you consider that translation is a complex

activity? Explain.
It can be very complex if you don’t know the expressions, technical vocabulary,
or context.

3. What do you think is necessary to do a correct translation?

To have a good vocabulary and understand the context

4. According to your experience, what is the most difficult aspect about

translation?
Be precise with the meaning choosing the correct words when there could be
more than one meaning.