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Science
Quarter 2 - Module 1
(PARTS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AND
THEIR FUNCTIONS)
 5
Science
Quarter 2 - Module 1
(Parts of the Reproductive System and
Their Functions)
 Table of Contents

What This Module is About........................................................................................................................i

What I Need to Know...................................................................................................................................ii

How to Learn from this Module................................................................................................................ii

Icons of this Module....................................................................................................................................iii

What I Know.................................................................................................................................................iii

Lesson 1:

Reproductive System and their Functions..............................................................

What’s In .........................................................................................................................1

What I Need to Know......................................................................................................2

What Is New......................................................................................................................2

What Is It ...........................................................................................................................3-6

What Is More ....................................................................................................................7

What I Have Learned......................................................................................................8

What I Can Do..................................................................................................................9-11

Summary

Assessment: (Post-Test)

Key to Answers.............................................................................................................................. 12-14

References.................................................................................................................................................15
Lesson Reproductive System and Their Functions
I 11
 What’s In
Find and encircle the following words in the puzzle below.

Scrotum womb ovary oviduct

Semen Testosterone cervix fallopian tube

Sperm Epididymis vagina vulva

Penis Testes uterus vas deferens

Urethra Prostate egg glans

V A S D E F E R E N S N W K W
E F C G Z C E D S I N E P J O
P E T A T S O R P V W U X S M
I B O E A B G M N Z O T Y C B
D I V B S X V U L V A E A R S
I N I Z U T J K Q C P R N O H
D C D A T W O V A R Y U I T E
Y S U M R E P S R B Q S G U G
M E C Y V H C M T S P M A M G
I T T A S E T V F E I F V F P
S S P U R J H E E J R I K O N
T E O V R Y P G R T K O J E E
E T I F L K G I G U H G N N M
T X Q S N A L G S V W H M E E
F A L L O P I A N T U B E N S

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you are expected to describe the parts of
reproductive system and their functions. (S5LT-IIa-1)

What’s New
 Identify the following weather they belong to male or female
reproductive systems. Write it the column below.

Scrotum womb ovary oviduct

Semen Testosterone cervix fallopian tube

Sperm Epididymis vagina vulva

Penis Testes uterus vas deferens

Urethra Prostate egg glans

Male Reproductive System Female Reproductive System

What Is It
The Male Reproductive System

The male reproductive system is

made up of several organs which include
the testes, ducts, accessory glands, and
penis. It is specifically responsible for
producing sperm cells and hormones. A
 sperm cell is needed to fertilize an egg cell. Hormones are responsible for the
development of male characteristics.

A male can produce numerous sperm cells. An average man can have
approximately 5, 000, 000 in a single drop of his semen. Out of these millions of
sperm cells, only one is needed to fertilize an egg cell. A Sperm has a head, middle
part and a tail.

Parts of the Male Reproductive System

Sperm cells
The illustration below shows the parts of the male reproductive system.

Parts of Male 3 Reproductive system and their

functions

Penis

Penis is the external male organ with a tip called glans. It is covered with
foreskin that may be removed through circumcision.

Scrotum

Scrotum is a pair of pouch like sacs that contains the testes. It also controls
the testes, temperature because they must be slightly cooler than the body to
produce sperm cells.

Testes
 Testes (singular, testis) are the glands that produce the sperm cells and the
male sex hormone called testosterone.

Epididymis

The epididymis is a narrow, coiled tube that stores sperm cells.

Urethra

The urethra in males is the passageway of both urine from the urinary bladder
and semen from the glands.

Seminal Vesicles

Seminal vesicles are saclike pouches attached to the vas deferens. It

contributes to the semen production, a sugar-rich fluid which provides energy for the
sperm cells’ motility.

Vas Deferens

The vas deferens is a long, muscular tube that serves as the passageway of
the sperm cells released from the testes. It also connects the testes to the seminal
vesicle and the urethra.

Cowper’s Gland

Coper’s gland, also called as bulbourethral gland, is one of the two pea-
sized organs found beneath the prostate gland. It is responsible for releasing fluid
that flushes out foreign matters and neutralizes the acidic urine in the urethra.

Prostate gland

Prostate gland is a gland located between the bladder and the penis. It
produces fluid that nourishes and protects the sperm.

The Female Reproductive System 4

The female reproductive system is made of

several organs which include the ovaries, fallopian
tubes, uterus, and vagina. It is specifically responsible
for producing egg cells and supporting a developing
baby inside a mother’s womb.

The egg cell is only one-tenth of a millimetre,

about the size of the diameter of a hair strand. It is the
biggest cell in the female human body.

Egg cell
Parts of the Female Reproductive System

The illustration below shows the parts of the female reproductive system.

Ovary

The ovary produces egg cells as well as the female sex hormones estrogen
and progesterone. Female humans have two ovaries. About 70, 000 potential egg
cells are already present in the ovaries of a female when she is born. However, only
about 500 of these eggs will mature.

The mature eggs are released one by 5 one every month once the female
reaches puberty and until she is about 43 – 55 years old. The
mature egg cell leaves the ovary through the fallopian tube.

Fallopian tube

The fallopian tubes lead the egg from the ovary to the uterus. This is also the
usual site of fertilization of the egg cell and sperm cell. Female humans have two
fallopian tubes, each connecting to an ovary to the side of the uterus.

Uterus
 Also called the womb, The uterus is a hollow muscular organ located at the
lower abdomen. It has a soft, smooth inner lining called the uterine or
endometrium. This lining becomes thicker as it accumulates blood and nutrients to
accommodate the unborn baby as it develops. It is also the site where the fertilized
egg is implanted. If the egg cell is not fertilized it, together with the uterine lining, it
will break down and is discharged during menstruation.

Cervix

The cervix is located at the lower part of the uterus. It is a narrow opening
between the uterus and the vagina. During childbirth, it expands to allow the
passage of the baby.

Vagina

Also called the birth canal, the vagina is a hollow, muscular tube that extends
from the cervix to the vaginal opening called vulva. It expands to let the baby pass
during normal delivery.

6
 What’s More

Match the functions in column A to its respective parts in column B. Write your answer
on the space provided before the number.

A B

_____1. The tube that stores sperm cells a. Scrotum

_____ 2.Secretes fluid which nourishes the b. Vas deferens

sperm
_____ 3. The gland that releases the fluid that c. Seminal vesicle
flushes out foreign matter and neutralizes acidic
urine in urethra
_____ 4. The passage way of urine and semen d. Testes
_____ 5. A pair of pouch like sacs that protects e. Penis
the testes
_____ 6. Produces sugar-rich fluid that provides f. . Epididymis
energy for the sperm cells’ motility
_____ 7. Glands that produce sperm cells and g. Prostate gland
the male sex hormone called testosterone
_____ 8. External male organ with a tip called h. Urethra
glans
_____ 9. The passageway of sperm coming from i. Cowper’s gland
the testes.
_____ 10. A tube that leads the egg cell from the j. Cervix
ovary to the uterus
_____ 11. A hollow muscular tube that leads to k. Endometrium
the vulva
_____ 12. A narrow opening between the uterus l. Ovary
and vagina
_____ 13. Releases the egg cells and hormones m. Fallopian tube of oviduct
like estrogen and progesterone
_____ 14. Shaped like upside-down pear, it is n. uterus
where the fertilized egg cell develops into a fetus
o. vagina

What I Have Learned

7
Complete the concept map below.

Parts of the Reproductive System

Male Female

includes the Includes the

1.

5.

That produce

6.
fertilizes
2. 4.

Released into the

7.
are enclosed
3. fertilizes eggs
in a saclike
structure In the

called

And form

8.

What I Can Do

Answer the following:

 1. Compare and contrast the testes and ovaries. What do they produce? How do
their products differ?
________________________________________________________________
2. What do you think is the importance of circumcision?
________________________________________________________________
3. Why should the testes have lower temperature than the rest of the body?
________________________________________________________________
4. Do you think it is possible for females to be pregnant if one of their ovaries is
removed? Support your answer.
________________________________________________________________

Post-Test
A. Multiple choice. Encircle the letter of your answer.

1. What part of the male reproductive system serves as a passageway for the sperm
from the testes to the seminal vesicle?

a. Prostate gland c. urethra

b. scrotum d. Vas deferens

2. Where does fertilization occur?

a. cervix c. uterus

b. fallopian tube d. Vagina

3. Which of the following is the male hormone produced by the testes?

a. estrogen c. testosterone

b. progesterone d. None of the above

4. What part of the female productive 9 system releases the egg cell?

a. cervix c. oviduct

b. ovary d.vagina

5. Where does a baby (fetus) grow and develop inside the mother?

a. fallopian tube c. stomach

10
 b. ovary d. Uterus

6. What is the function of the male reproductive system in human reproduction?

a. It produces hormones called testosterone.

b. It is responsible for the deepening of male’s voice.

c. It provides hormones to develop male characteristics.

d. It produces sperm cells needed to fertilize egg cells to produce new human

being

7. Why does the scrotum and testes maintain low temperature?

a. to stock sperm cells

b. to protect sperm cells

c. to produce sperm cells

d. to provide sperm cells with sac like pouch for protection

8. Which of the following organs is also known as the birth canal?

a. cervix c. uterus

b. fallopian tube d. Vagina

9. What part of the male reproductive system produces a sugar-rich fluid that provides
energy to sperms’ motility?

a. penis c. testes

b. seminal vesicle d. Urethra

10. What is the only organ that is capable of carrying the baby for 9 months?

a. cervix c. ovary

b. fallopian tube d. uterus

Key to Answers 11

V A S D E F E R E N S N W K W
E F C G Z C E D S I N E P J O
P E T A T S O R P V W U X S M
I B O E A B G M N Z O T Y C B
D I V B S X V U L V A E A R S
I N I Z U T J K Q C P R N O H
D C D A T W O V A R Y U I T E
Y S U M R E P S R B Q S G U G
M E C Y V H C M T S P M A M G
I T T A S E T V F E I F V F P
S S P U R J H E E J R I K O N
T E O V R Y P G R T K O J E E
E T I F L K G I G U H G N N M
T X Q S N A L G S V W H M E E
F A L L O P I A N T U B E N S
What’s In

What’s New

Male Reproductive system Female Reproductive Organ

Vas deferens Womb
Epididymis Ovary
Testes Cervix
Prostate Vagina
Glans Uterus
Sperm Egg
Scrotum Oviduct
Semen Fallopian tube
Testosterone vulva
Urethra
penis
1.f

2.g

3.i
12
4.h What’s More
5.a
What I Have Learned
6.c
1.male
7.d
2. testes
8.e 3.scrotum
4.sperm cells
9.b
5.ovaries
10.m 6.egg cells
7.fallopian tube
11. o 8.fetus/ human being
12. j

13. l
12
14. n
 13

What I Can Do

Answer the following:

1. Compare and contrast the testes and ovaries. What do they produce? How do
their products differ?

Answer: Testes are the organs responsible for producing the sperm cells that
fertilizes the egg cells of the females. Ovaries produce the egg cells and regulate the
hormones of the female. Both are important to ensure reproduction of humans.
 2. What do you think is the importance of circumcision?

Answer: To ensure that there will be no clogging on the glans and to reduce the risk
of accumulating infection on the penis.

3. Why should the testes have lower temperature than the rest of the body?

Answer: This is because the sperm cells need a lower temperature for them to
develop and mature. To maintain temperature best suited for the sperm to survive.

4. Do you think it is possible for females to be pregnant if one of their ovaries is

removed? Support your answer.

Answer: Yes, this is because both of the ovaries are able to produce egg cells. If one
of the ovaries will be removed, the other one left inside the female will still be able to
produce egg cells in the future, therefore, pregnancy is still possible.

Post – Test (Key answer)

1.d 6. d
2. b 7. c
3. c 8. d
4. b 9. b
5. d 10. d

14

References
Vengco, Lilia, Regina Capili, Rodante Flores, Delia Navaza, Ma. Lorraine Zarcal, and
Teresita Regilioso. Science For Active Learning. 2nd ed. Reprint, Quezon City: SIBS
Publishing House, Inc, 2014.

Sarte, Evelyn, Eliza Lopez, Mary Jean Dela cruz, Harold Arradaza, and Ednaliza Garcia.
Science Beyond Boarders. Reprint, Matina Davao City: Vibal Group, Inc, 2016.
15
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