ngsjpftpay;

tpirfspd; tpisAs;
juk; - 12> 13

Nju;r;rp kl;lk; 2.2

tpirfspd; tpisAs; (Resultant of forces)

tpir :- xU nghUspd; epiyia khw;WtJ my;yJ khw;w vj;jdpg;gJ my;yJ Ntfj;ij

khw;WtJ tpir vdg;gLk;. ,J gUkd;> jpir> gpuNahfg;Gs;sp Mfpatw;iwf; nfhz;lJ. ,J
xU fhtpahFk;.

tpisAs; tpir :- ,uz;L my;yJ ,uz;bw;F Nkw;gl;l tpirfshdJ xU clypy;

jhf;Fk; NghJ mit Vw;gLj;Jk; tpisit> mt;Tlypy; xU jdptpir Vw;gLj;Jkhapd;
mj;jdptpir mt;tpirfspd; tpisAs;tpir vdg;gLk;.

,U tpirfspd; tpisAs; (Resultant of Two forces)

tpir ,izfutpjp

xU Gs;spapy; jhf;Fk; ,Utpirfs; gUkdpYk; jpirapYk; Xu; ,izfuj;jpd;

mLj;Js;s gf;fq;fspdhy; Fwpf;fg;gl;lhy;> mg;Gs;spf;$lhfr; nry;Yk; ,izfuj;jpd;
%iytpl;lk; mt;tpirfspd; tpisAis gUkdpYk; jpirapYk; jUk;.

O tpy; njhopw;gLk; P, Q vd;Dk; ,U tpirfs; ,izfuj;jpd; gf;fq;fs; OA,

OB ,dhy; Fwpf;fg;gbd; tpisAs; R MdJ gUkdpYk; jpirapYk; OC apdhy; Fwpf;fg;gLk;.
B C
OC2 = OD2 + DC2
= (OA+AD)2 + DC2
= OA2 + AD2 + 2 OA.AD + DC2
but R Q sinθ
AC = OB, AD = AC cosθ, CD = AC sinθ Q
OC2 = OA2 + 2 OA.OB + OB2(sin2 θ + cos2 θ)
θ
OC2 = OA2 + 2 OA.OB cosθ + OB2 O α θ
2 2 2
/ R = P + Q + 2PQ cosθ A D
P Q cosθ

CD = Q sinθ
tpisAs; R MdJ tpir P Ald; mikf;Fk; AD = Q cosθ
Nfhzk; α vdpy;

Q sin 
tan  
P  Q cos

njhFg;G : jpU. S. fhz;Bguh[h> ngsjPftpay; Mrpupau;> (ah/aho; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up - aho;g;ghzk;)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpU. g. ,sq;fPud;> Mrpupau; - j.njh.njh. (t/ Gspaq;Fsk; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up)
juk; - 12> 13

xU js tpirj;njhFjpapd; tpisAs;tpir
(Resultant of Two forces)

tpirj; Jzpg;GKiw

ABCD vd;w ,izfuj;jpy; AB vd;w gf;fkhdJ P vd;w tpiriaAk; AC vd;w gf;fkhdJ Q

vd;w tpiriaAk; Fwpf;fpd;wJ vdpd; AD ahdJ ,uz;bdJk; tpisAs; R If; Fwpf;Fk;.
B
D

R
P

A
C
Q

vdNt R ,dJ AB jpirapyhd $W P Ak; AC jpirapyhd $W Q Tk; MFk;. Fwpj;j

gf;fj;ij %iy tpl;lkhf nfhz;l vz;zw;w ,izfuq;fs; tiuag;glyhk; Mjyhy; Fwpj;j
tpiria vz;zw;w gy $Wfshfg; gpupf;fyhk;.
Q = F sinα
P
= Q + Ξ α
α
P = F cosα

y jpirapyhd $W Q = F sinα P = F cosα

x jpirapyhd $W

tpirg; gy;NfhzpKiw

10N 10N
7N R

45o 8N
o
30
6N 7N
6N
8N

njhFg;G : jpU. S. fhz;Bguh[h> ngsjPftpay; Mrpupau;> (ah/aho; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up - aho;g;ghzk;)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpU. g. ,sq;fPud;> Mrpupau; - j.njh.njh. (t/ Gspaq;Fsk; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up)
juk; - 12> 13

tpirj;jpUg;gk;

xU Gs;spapy; tpirj;jpUg;gk;

xU nghUspy; Row;rpia Muk;gpg;gjw;F my;yJ Row;rpia epWj;j xU tpirahdJ

gad;gLj;jg;gLkhapd; mq;F tpirj;jpUg;gk; nraw;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

xU Gs;spgw;wpa tpirj;jpUg;gk; vd;gJ tpirapdJk; mg;Gs;spapy; ,Ue;J tpirapd;

jhf;ff; Nfhl;bw;fhd nrq;Fj;J J}uj;jpdJk; ngUf;fj;jpw;F rkdhFk;.
mjhtJ :
τ (tpirj;jpUg;gk;)

F (tpir)

tpirj;jpUg;gk; = tpir X Row;rp mr;rpypUe;jhd nrq;Fj;J J}uk;

τ = F x r myF Nm

F ,q;F
τ=Fxd
θ = F x r sinθ
d θ

Note :

1) nghJthf ,lQ;Ropj;jpUg;gk; Neu; vdTk; tyQ;Ropj;jpUg;gk; kiw vdTk; nfhs;sg;gLk;.

2) tpirj; jpUg;gk; Xu; fhtpf; fzpakhFk;.

3) ,jd; jpir mr;R topNa tyf;if jf;if jpUF tpjpapdhy; jug;gLk;

jpUg;Gj;jpwd; jj;Jtk;

ve;jnthU Gs;sp gw;wpAk; xU jstpirj; njhFjp xd;wpYs;s tpirfspd;

jpUg;gq;fspd; ml;rufzpj $l;Lj;njhif mNj Gs;sp gw;wp mt;tpirfspd; tpisAspd;
jpUg;gj;jpw;F rkdhFk;.
mjhtJ :
tpirfspd; jpUg;gk; = tpisAspd; jpUg;gk;

njhFg;G : jpU. S. fhz;Bguh[h> ngsjPftpay; Mrpupau;> (ah/aho; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up - aho;g;ghzk;)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpU. g. ,sq;fPud;> Mrpupau; - j.njh.njh. (t/ Gspaq;Fsk; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up)
juk; - 12> 13

Note :
tpirj;njhFjp xd;wpdJ tpisAspd; jhf;ff; Nfhl;by; cs;s
ve;jnthU Gs;sp gw;wpAk; mt;tpirj; njhFjpapy; cs;s tpirfspd;
jpUg;Gjpwd;fspd; ml;rufzpj $l;Lj;njhif G+r;rpakhFk;.

tpirapizj; jpUg;gk; (Moment of Couple)

gUkdpy; rkdhfTk;> jpirapy; vjpuhfTk; cs;s ,U tpirfs; xNu jhf;ff; Nfhl;by;

,y;yhj NghJ mt;tpU tpirfSk; Nru;j;J Xu; tpirapizia cUthf;Fk;.

F
tpirapizj;jpUg;gk; = F x d

Note :

 ve;jnthU Gs;sp gw;wpAk; tpirapizapd; jpUg;gk; G+r;rpaky;yhj khwhg;ngWkjp

cs;sjhf ,Uf;Fk;.

 ve;j jpirapYk; tpirapiz xd;wpdJ tpirfspd; Jzpj;j $Wfspd; ml;rufzpj

$l;Lj;njhif G+r;rpakhFk;.

rkhe;ju tpirfspd; tpisAs; tpirAk; jhf;fNfhLk;

(Resultant of Parallel Forces and the Line of Action)

 xU nghUspy; nraw;gLk; tpirfspd; jpirfs; rkhe;jukhf ,Ug;gpd; mit rkhe;ju

tpirfs; vdg;gLk;

 ,U tpirfspd; jpirfs; xj;jdthapd; mit epfu;j;j tpirfs; vdg;gLk;.

A
Q C P B

Q
P R=P+Q

njhFg;G : jpU. S. fhz;Bguh[h> ngsjPftpay; Mrpupau;> (ah/aho; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up - aho;g;ghzk;)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpU. g. ,sq;fPud;> Mrpupau; - j.njh.njh. (t/ Gspaq;Fsk; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up)
juk; - 12> 13

1) R // P // Q

2) tpisAs; R = P + Q

3) tpisAspd; jhf;fg;Gs;sp C vdpd;

P.AC - Q.CB =0
AC Q

CB P

,U tpirfspd; jpirfs; xt;thjdthapd; mit epfuh tpirfs; vdg;gLk;.

Q
1) R // P // Q
C
A B
2) P > Q vdpy;
R
tpisAs; R = P - Q

P 3) C R . 0 = Q.CB - P.AC

P.AC = Q.CB
AC Q

CB P
Note : P = Q Mapd; R = 0MFk;.
Mdhy; nghUs; rkepiyapy; ,Uf;fhJ.

,iz (Couple)

Xu; ,iz ,U rkdhdJk; vjpuhdJk;

F
rkhe;jukhditAk;> xNu Neu; Nfhl;bYk;
,y;yhj ,U tpirfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ. a

A
,iz = tpir x tpirfSf;fpilg;gl;l B
nrq;Fj;J J}uk;
F
‫= ح‬Fxa

,izapd; myF Nm

njhFg;G : jpU. S. fhz;Bguh[h> ngsjPftpay; Mrpupau;> (ah/aho; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up - aho;g;ghzk;)

fzpdp tbtikg;G : jpU. g. ,sq;fPud;> Mrpupau; - j.njh.njh. (t/ Gspaq;Fsk; ,e;Jf; fy;Y}up)