Beam Design Detail Report: Material and Design Data

MATERIAL AND DESIGN DATA
Code of Practice fcu (N/mm²) Ec, (N/mm²) fy (N/mm²) fyv (N/mm²) γc γs

BS8110 : 1997 30 24597 460 460 1.5 1.05
Cover (mm) Side Cover (mm) Conc. Unit Weight (kN/m³) Steel Unit Weight (kg/m³)
25 25 24 7860
Beam Design Detail Report

DETAIL CALCULATION FOR BEAM GB1(225x600/700/750/700)
Beam Located along grid A1/4-3
Number of Span within beam = 5
Number of Section defined by user = 7
Number of Supports = 5
Beam Cantilever End = Left
Section Dimension Data

Length Width Begin Depth End Depth
Span Section
(mm) (mm) (mm) (mm)
1 1 1638 225 600 600
2 3700 225 700 700
2
3 1050 225 750 750
3 4 2250 225 750 750
4 5 2250 225 750 750
6 1050 225 750 750
5
7 3700 225 700 700
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
Maximum Concrete Strain, Ecc = 0.0035
Average Concrete Stress above Neutral Axis, k1 = 12.12 N/mm²
Concrete Lever Arm Factor, k2 = 0.4518
Limiting Effective Depth Factor, cb = 0.50
k2 / k1 Factor, kkk = 0.0373
Limiting Concrete Moment Capacity Factor, kk1 = cb × k1 × (1 - cb * k2) = 0.50 × 12.12 × (1 - 0.50 × 0.4518) = 4.6911 N/mm²
BEAM GB1(225x600/700/750/700) SPAN NO. 1
FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION
LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT

Design Bending Moment = 16.4 kNm Width, b = 225.0 mm Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Mu / bd² = 16.4 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 559.0²) = 0.234 N/mm²
Singly Reinforced Design, limit Mu / bd² < kk1
Mu / bd² = 0.234 <= 4.691
Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

Concrete Neutral Axis, x = 10.887 mm
Concrete Compression Force, Fc = k1 × b × x / 1000 = 12.12 × 225 × 10.887 / 1000 = 29.69 kN
Steel Area Required, AsReq = Fc × 1000 / (fy / γs) = 29.69 × 1000 / (460 / 1.05) = 68 mm²
Moment Capacity = Fc × (d - k2 × x) / 1000 = 29.69 × (559.0 - 0.4518 × 10.887) / 1000 = 16.4 kNm
Maximum Depth of Section = 600.0 mm
Minimum Tension Steel Area Required = 0.13% × 225.0 × 600.0 = 176 mm²
Top Tension Steel Area Required = 176 mm²

Bottom Compression Steel Area Required = 176 mm²
Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

Bottom Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)
LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN

Mu / bd² = 12.1 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 559.0²) = 0.171 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.171 <= 4.691



SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION

LOCATION : SECTION 1 (B:-63 mm E:1575 mm from left grid of span)
Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm

Shear at Location of Maximum Torsion, V = 14.7 kN
Link Horizontal Dimension, h1 = b - 2 × Side Cover - DiaLink = 225 - 2 × 25 - 10 = 165 mm
Link Vertical Dimension, v1 = h - 2 × Cover - DiaLink = 600 - 2 × 25 - 10 = 540 mm
Dimension x1 = Min (h1, v1) = 165 mm, y1 = Max (h1, v1) = 540 mm
Section Dimension: Dmin = 225.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm

Torsion Stress, νst = 2 × T × 106 / (Dmin² × (Dmax - Dmin / 3)) = 0.00 N/mm²
Effective depth, d = 559.0 mm
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 14.7 × 1000 / (225.0 × 559.0) = 0.12 N/mm²
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3

Maximum Combined Stress Allowed, νtu = Min (0.8 × √fcu, 5) = 4.38 N/mm²
Total Stress, νTot = νss + νst = 0.12 + 0.00 = 0.12 N/mm² ≤ νtu (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Combined Stress Allowed Pass
Part 2: Clause 2.4.5

Additional Checking While Small Cross Section (y1 < 550 mm)
Larger Link Dimension, y1 = 540.0 mm < 550 mm
νtu × y1 / 550 = 4.38 × 540.0 / 550 = 4.30 N/mm²
νst = 0.00 N/mm² ≤ 4.30 N/mm²
Checking for Torsion Stress Allowed Pass
Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

Torsion Strength contributed by concrete, νt,min = Min (0.067 × √fcu, 0.4) = 0.37 N/mm²
Torsion Stress, νst = 0.00 N/mm² < νt,min = 0.37 N/mm² -> No Torsion Reinforcement is needed
Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 14.3 kN

Maximum Shear Stress Allowed, νMax = Min (0.8 × √30, 5) = 4.38 N/mm² - Clause 3.4.5.2
Shear Stress, νss = V × 1000 / (b × d) = 14.3 × 1000 / (225.0 × 559.0) = 0.11 N/mm² ≤ νMax (4.38 N/mm²)
Checking for Maximum Shear Stress Allowed Pass
Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²

- Table 3.8: Values of νc, design concrete shear stress
Steel Percentage, 100 × As / (bv × d) = 0.18 % ≤ 3.0 %
Effective Depth Ratio, edr = 400 / d = 400 / 559.0 = 0.716
(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.920 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
Minimum fcu, fcuMin = 25 N/mm², Concrete Grade Ratio, Min(fcu, 40) / fcuMin = 30 / 25 = 1.200
Concrete Shear Capacity, νc = 0.79 {100 As / (bv d)}⅓ (400 / d)¼ (fcu / 25)⅓ / γm
= 0.79 × {0.18}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.38 N/mm²
Minimum Design Shear Stress, νMin = 0.40 N/mm²
νss = 0.114 < νc + 0.4, Provides only minimum link
Design for minimum Shear Stress, νd = νmin = 0.40 N/mm²
Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio, SAsv_Sv = (vd × b) / (fyy × fy) = (0.40 × 225) / (0.95 × 460) = 0.205 mm²/mm
Shear Reinforcement Provided : T10-250 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)

Shear Link Area / Spacing Ratio Provided = 0.628 mm²/mm > 0.205 mm²/mm
DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN

Basic Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Br = 7.0
Span Length, l = 1637.5 mm, Effective Depth, d = 559.0 mm
Actual Span / Effective Depth Ratio, Ar = 2.9
Ultimate Design Moment, Mu = 16.4 kNm
Design Steel Strength, fy = 460.0 N/mm²
Tension Steel Area Required, AsReq = 176 mm²
Tension Steel Area Provided, AsProv = 226 mm²
Compression Steel Area Provided, AsProv (Comp.) = 226 mm²
- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997

- Table 3.9: Basic span / effective depth ratio for rectangular or flange beams
- Table 3.10: Modification factor for tension reinforcement
- Table 3.11: Modification factor for compression reinforcement
Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8

fs = {(2 × fy × AsReq) / (3 × AsProv)} × (1 / ßb)
= {(2 × 460.0 × 176) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 237.9 N/mm²
Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7

MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 237.9) / (120 × (0.9 + (16.4 × 1000000 / (225 × 559.0²)))}
= 2.31 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0
New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9

MFc = 1 + {(100 × AsProv / (b × d)) / (3 + (100 × AsProv / (b × d)))}
= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (225.0 × 559.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (225.0 × 559.0)))}
= 1.06 <= 1.5
New Deflection Ratio = (Br × MFt × MFc) / Ar = (7.0 × 2.00 × 1.06) / 2.9 = 5.05
Ratio >= 1.0 : Deflection Checked PASSED
BEAM GB1(225x600/700/750/700) SPAN NO. 2

LOCATION : SPAN
Mu / bd² = 38.7 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 659.0²) = 0.396 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.396 <= 4.691

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 205 mm²

Bottom Tension Steel Area Required = 205 mm²

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT

Mu / bd² = 15.5 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 659.0²) = 0.158 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.158 <= 4.691




Mu / bd² = 40.6 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 709.0²) = 0.359 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.359 <= 4.691



LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION

Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above
LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION

Use Left Support Design Calculation Above

Mu / bd² = 22.7 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 659.0²) = 0.232 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.232 <= 4.691


Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 LEFT SUPPORT
(B:0 mm E:1188 mm from left grid of span)






(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.883 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.15}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.36 N/mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT ZONE






(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.883 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.15}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.36 N/mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 (B:3700 mm E:4750 mm from left grid of span)






(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.867 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.14}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.35 N/mm²




= {(2 × 460.0 × 205) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 277.6 N/mm²

MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 277.6) / (120 × (0.9 + (38.7 × 1000000 / (225 × 659.0²)))}
= 1.83 <= 2.0

= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (225.0 × 659.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (225.0 × 659.0)))}
= 1.05 <= 1.5
BEAM GB1(225x600/700/750/700) SPAN NO. 3

LOCATION : SPAN
Mu / bd² = 0.4 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 709.0²) = 0.004 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.004 <= 4.691




Mu / bd² = 42.7 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 709.0²) = 0.378 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.378 <= 4.691




Mu / bd² = 12.8 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 709.0²) = 0.114 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.114 <= 4.691


LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT SAGGING MOMENT

Mu / bd² = 0.1 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 709.0²) = 0.001 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.001 <= 4.691



LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN

Mu / bd² = 28.7 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 709.0²) = 0.253 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.253 <= 4.691









(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.867 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.14}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.35 N/mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE







(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.867 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.14}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.35 N/mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 RIGHT SUPPORT







(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.867 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.14}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.35 N/mm²



= {(2 × 460.0 × 220) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 297.4 N/mm²

MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 297.4) / (120 × (0.9 + (0.4 × 1000000 / (225 × 709.0²)))}
= 2.21 > 2.0
MFt taken as 2.0

= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (225.0 × 709.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (225.0 × 709.0)))}
= 1.05 <= 1.5
BEAM GB1(225x600/700/750/700) SPAN NO. 4

Mu / bd² = 13.4 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 709.0²) = 0.119 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.119 <= 4.691




Mu / bd² = 45.1 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 709.0²) = 0.399 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.399 <= 4.691



LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN

Mu / bd² = 30.5 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 709.0²) = 0.270 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.270 <= 4.691










(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.867 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.14}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.35 N/mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 1 MIDDLE ZONE







(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.867 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.14}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.35 N/mm²







(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.867 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.14}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.35 N/mm²


No Sagging Moment on Span, No Deflection Check is Proceeded.
Deflection check is not required for this span due to reverse behaviour which may be caused by uplift effect or short span.
BEAM GB1(225x600/700/750/700) SPAN NO. 5

LOCATION : SPAN
Mu / bd² = 44.0 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 659.0²) = 0.450 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.450 <= 4.691




Mu / bd² = 42.7 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 709.0²) = 0.378 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.378 <= 4.691




Mu / bd² = 0.0 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 659.0²) = 0.000 N/mm²
Design to minimum steel percentage specified by code,


Mu / bd² = 23.9 × 1000000 / (225.0 × 659.0²) = 0.245 N/mm²
Mu / bd² = 0.245 <= 4.691



Use Left Support Design Calculation Above
Use Mid Span Design Calculation Above

Use Right Support Design Calculation Above

LOCATION : SECTION 1 (B:0 mm E:1050 mm from left grid of span)






(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.867 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.14}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.35 N/mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 2 LEFT ZONE






(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.883 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.15}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.36 N/mm²








(400 / d)^ ¼ = 0.883 < 1, (400 / d)^ ¼ taken as 1
= 0.79 × {0.15}⅓ × 1.000 × (1.200)⅓ / 1.25 = 0.36 N/mm²




= {(2 × 460.0 × 205) / (3 × 226)} × (1 / 1.00) = 277.6 N/mm²

MFt = 0.55 + {(477 - fs) / (120 × (0.9 + (M/bd²)))}
= 0.55 + {(477 - 277.6) / (120 × (0.9 + (44.0 × 1000000 / (225 × 659.0²)))}
= 1.78 <= 2.0

= 1 + {(100 × 226 / (225.0 × 659.0)) / (3 + (100 × 226 / (225.0 × 659.0)))}
= 1.05 <= 1.5
BEAM SUPPORT REACTION TABLE

Current Beam Grid Mark: A1/4-3
Beam Support Reactions

Support Reaction, kN
Support No. Grid Mark Support Type
Dead Load Live Load
1 1 Column 39.8 0.0
2 1B Column 75.8 0.0
3 2 Column 5.5 0.0
4 2A Column 80.6 0.0
5 3 Column 27.9 0.0

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MATERIAL AND DESIGN DATA

Code of Practice fcu (N/mm²) Ec, (N/mm²) fy (N/mm²) fyv (N/mm²) γc γs

Beam Design Detail Report

Section Dimension Data

BEAM GB1(225x600/700/750/700) SPAN NO. 1

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 176 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : 1/4 SPAN

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 176 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 225.0 mm, Dmax = 600.0 mm

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3

Part 2: Clause 2.4.5

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 14.3 kN

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²

Shear Reinforcement Provided : T10-250 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)

DEFLECTION CHECKING FOR SPAN

- Checking for deflection is based on BS8110: 1997

Design Service Stress in Tension Reinforcement, Equation 8

Modification Factor for Tension Reinforcement, Equation 7

New Modification Factor for Compression Reinforcement, Equation 9

BEAM GB1(225x600/700/750/700) SPAN NO. 2

FLEXURAL DESIGN CALCULATION

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 205 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : LEFT SUPPORT

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 205 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : RIGHT SUPPORT

Design as Singly Reinforced Rectangular Beam

Top Tension Steel Area Required = 220 mm²

Top Reinforcement Provided = 2T12 (226 mm²)

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - BOTTOM TENSION

LOCATION : SECTION 2 - TOP TENSION

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - BOTTOM TENSION

Top Compression Steel Area Required = 220 mm²

LOCATION : SECTION 3 - TOP TENSION

SHEAR & TORSION DESIGN CALCULATION

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 225.0 mm, Dmax = 700.0 mm

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 43.0 kN

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²

Shear Reinforcement Provided : T10-250 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm

Section Dimension: Dmin = 225.0 mm, Dmax = 700.0 mm

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 and Table 2.3

Part 2 : Clause 2.4.6 Table 2.3

Maximum Shear within Zone, V = 27.8 kN

Tension Steel Area Provided, Ast = 226 mm²

Shear Reinforcement Provided : T10-250 (Link spacing is governed by user setting)

LOCATION : SECTION 2 (B:3700 mm E:4750 mm from left grid of span)

Maximum Torsion within Zone, T = 0.0 kNm