Vocabulary: States of Matter

Atoms- indivisible
Molecules- composed of two or more atoms STATES OF MATTER
combined
Ions- Particles with charged

Protons- Positive charged

Neutron- Neutral
Electron- Negative charged

Bosons- a whole energy spins

Fermions- half energy spins

Higgs Boson- The Higgs field

Gluon- Strong force
Photon- Electromagnetic force Solid- closely packed, restricted motion
Z & W-Boson- Weak force Liquid- far apart with free movement (flow)
Gas- very far apart, free movement
Quarks- in every quark an equivalent of the (chaotic)
anti-particle Plasma- highly charged particles with
extremely high kinetic energy
Mesons- 2 quarks Bose Einstein Condensate- superfluid,
Pentaquarks- 5 quarks flowing without friction, simulate conditions
Dibaryon- 6 quarks same in black holes

Monatomic- composed of just one atom Properties of Matter

Diatomic- composed of only two atoms of According to change involved during

the same or different chemical elements
(O2, CO)
Homonuclear Diatomic- consists of two
atoms of same element combined (H2, N2,
O2, and all halogens)
Heteronuclear Diatomic- consists of two
atoms of different elements chemically
combined (HCl, HF)
measurement of the property
Physical Properties- no change in
composition takes place
Chemical Properties- change in
composition occurs
According to dependence on amount of
matter

Cations- Positive charges Extensive Property- depend on the

Anions- Negative charges amount of material like mass, length and
volume

Intensive Property- depend on the quality

of material like odor, color, density,
solubility, boiling point, melting point,
electrical conductivity

CHEM 225- Lesson 1: Matter & Its Properties Page 1

Based on the number of components Separation Methods
present
Filtration
Pure Substance- a single substance either
an element or compound with definite Separate a solid from liquid in a
composition and properties heterogeneous mixture using a filtering
membrane
Mixtures- made of blend of elements and
compounds.

Based on the number of kinds of atoms

present

Elements- pure substances that are made

up of only one kind of atom Distillation

Compounds- pure substances that are Separate a liquid in a homogeneous mixture

made up of two or more kinds of atoms

Based on the uniformity of composition and

properties

Homogeneous mixtures- has a uniform

composition and exhibits same properties in
different parts of mixtures
Magnetic separation
Heterogeneous mixtures- non uniform
composition and its properties vary in Separate a magnetic solid from a
different parts of mixtures heterogeneous mixture

Decantation

Separate a solid from a liquid in a

heterogeneous mixture based on gravity

CHEM 225- Lesson 1: Matter & Its Properties Page 2

Sublimation

Separate a volatile solid from a non-volatile

solid

CHEM 225- Lesson 1: Matter & Its Properties Page 3