TASK 5

I.Newwords
1.access / ‘ækses /(n): sự tiếp cận
acessible (a): có thể tiếp cận
*get access to sth: tiếp cận cái gì
2.adult / ædʌlt /(n): người lớn
3.benefit /’beneəfit/(n : sự có lợi
beneficial(a) : sự có lợi
4.commerce/kə’m3:s /(n): thương mại
commercial(a) : thuộc thương mại
quảng cáo thương mại
5.communicate(v): giao tiếp
communication(n): sự giao tiếp
communicative(a): sự giao tiếp
*means of communication(n): phương tiện giao tiếp
6.control /kən’trəul/(v): kiểm soát
*under control: dưới tầm kiểm soát
7.costly=expensive
8.cry(v): khóc
crier(n): người giao bán
9. deny / di’nai /(v): phủ nhận
(un) deniable /di'naiəbl/(a) có thể từ chối, có thể khước từ

10.document(n): tài liệu

documentary(n): phim tài liệu
documental(a): thuộc về tài liệu
11.force /fɔːs/:(n)sức mạnh, lực lưỡng
(a) ép (làm)
12.gover(n): lãnh đạo
Government(n): chính phủ
13.income(n): thu nhập
14.interact(v): tương tác
 interactive(a): tương tác
interaction(n): sự tương tác
15.limit(v): giới hạn
limited(a): bị giới hạn
limitation(n): sự giới hạn
16.opinion / ə’piniən /(n): quan điểm
17.purpose/ ‘p3:pəs /(n): mục đích
*on purpose: cố ý
18.remote(a): xa xôi
19.respond(v): đáp lại
20.stage / steidʒ /: giai đoạn
21. time_consuming(a): tốn thời gian
22.violent(a) /vaiələnt /: bạo lực
violence(n) : sự bạo lực
23.latest(a): muộn nhất
24.medium(n)(số ít): phương tiện truyền thông
media(n)(số nhiều)
25.vary(v): đa dạng
various(a): đa dạng
variety/ və’raiəti /: sự đa dạng
*a variety of: nhiều
26.Thanks to: nhờ có
27.become part of: trở hành 1 phần
28.educate(v): giáo dục
educated(a): thuộc giáo dục
education(n): sự giáo dục
educator(n): nhà giáo dục
29.suffer(v)(for): chịu đựng
30.source of: nguồn (về)
II. GRAMMAR

A. PRONUNCIATION. /ə / and /ɜː/

*/ə / : Xuất phát của các nguyên âm ( u, e,o,a,i )

Ex. melody / 'melədi / , gardening (n) / 'ɡɑːdənɪŋ /,

appearance /ə'piərəns/

Nếu tận cùng của các từ có đuôi sau.

1. er 2.or 3.ur 4.ure 5.ir

6. our 7.ar 8.oure 9.ear 10.ore

Ex. teacher , doctor , picture , popular , labour

*/ɜː/ Nếu 10 đuôi trên ở vị trí không cuối.

Ex. birthday , pearl , commerce , burn , world

Ngoại lệ . pre’fer /ɜː/ , sur’prise/ ə / , ‘concert /ə / , sir /ɜː/

B, Report Speech
Loại 1: Câu khẳng / phủ

“ Câu khẳng / phủ ” S said

S be/v /kt chia thì said to sb
told sb
=> S said
said to sb ( that ) Câu khẳng / phủ
told sb rằng ( đổi ngôi /lùi thì )

•NOTE:
1, Lùi thì:
HT Đ → QK Đ QKHT
TD TD QKHTTD
HT HT
2, Khuyết thiếu
Can → Could
May → Might
Will → Would
Must → Had to
 3, Now → Then
Here → There
This → That
These → Those
Today → That day
Tonight → That night
4, Yesterday → The day before
previous day
Last week → The week
month month before
year year
… …
previous week
month
year

5, Tomorrow → The
next day
following day
Next week → The next week
month month
year year
… …
following week
month
year
…
6, Ago → Before
7, The day after tomorrow → In two days’ time
Ex: 1.″I have lived here for 10 years″ Mr.Huy said
→ Mr.Huy said……………………………………….
2..″My parents didn’t come with me yesterday″ She said
→ She said……………………………………………
3.″We are having dinner now″The chilren tod me
→ The children told me (that) ……………………….
4 “As soon as I hear from him, I'll let you know," my neighbour said to me.
→ My neighbour...............................................................................................................
5,Mr Brown said to his wife, "I don't feel like going out this evening.”
→ Mr Brown...............................................................................................................
KEY.
1.Mr Huy said that he had lived there for 10 years
2.She said ( that) her parents hadn't come with her that day before
3.The children told me that they were having dinner then
4.My neighbour said to me (that) as soon as he/she heard from him, he would let me know
5. Mr Brown said to his wife that he didn't feel like going out that evening
Loại 2: Câu ra lệnh/ yêu cầu

“Please, BE /V (1) ”
Don’t Be/V (2) S said…
Can/Could you BE/ V? (3)

=> S asked Sb to Be /V (1)

told ( me)
reqested not to Be/V (2)
warn
required to Be/V (3)
Ex:1.“Please open the door” Mr.Huy said
→ Mr.Huy …………………………………………………
2.“Wake me up at 6 tomorrow” I said to the partner
→ I ………………………………………………………..
3.“Don’t make any noise,Nam” The man said
→ The man …………………………………………………
4. "Don't repeat this mistake again!" the instructor warned the sportsman.
→ The instructor........................................................................................................
5. "Leave your address with the secretary," the assistant said to me.
→ The assistant................................................................................................................
KEY

1.Mr Huy asked me to open the door

2. I asked the partner to wake up at 6 the next day

3. The man asked Nam not to make any noise

4. The instuctor warned the sports-man not to repeat that mistake again

5. The assistant asked me to leave my address with the secretary

Loại 3: Yes/No question

″1 câu″ S said…
(Yes/No question)
=> S asked Sb(me) If / Whether Loại 1 ― đổi ngôi
required S (động từ) lùi thì
wondered Sb
wanted to know
ex:₁.″Are you interested in English?″ Mr.Huy asked her
→ Mr.Huy ……………………………………………………….
₂.″Did you eat dog meat ,Bao?″ Tram said
→ Tram …………………………………………………………

₃.″Will you come to the party?″ she asked her friends

→ She …………………………………………………………

4.Fred asked the postman: "Are there any letters for me today?"
→ Fred ……………………………………………………………..

5.James said: "Do you want me to type this letter for you?"
→ James ……………………………………………………………..

KEY
1. Mr huy asked she if she was interested in e
2.. Tram said Bao had eaten shit
3. She asked her friend if her friend come to the party
4. Fred asked the postman there were any letters for her today
5. James asked me if you wanted to … for me
Loại 4: Wh-questions

″Wh-questions…″ S said…

=> S asked Sb(me) Wh-question Loại 1 ― đổi ngôi

required S (động từ) lùi thì
warned
wanted to know

ex: ₁.″What aspect of learning English ///do you find most difficult?″ Lan asked me
→ Lan …………………………………………………………………….
₂.″How many apples are there on the table″ She asked
→ She ………………………………………………………………………….
3.Jane said to Bill, “When do you expect to finish your assignment?"
→ Jane……………………………………………………………………………………
.
4 Henry said to the librarian, "How many books can I borrow at a time?"
→ Henry……………………………………………………………………………………
5 John asked his friend, "How did you manage to know my phone number?"
→John……………………………………………………………………………………

KEY

1.Lan asked me what aspect of learning E I found most difficult.(MC)

2.She asked me how many apples there were on the table (MKN)
3 Jane asked Bill When he expected to finish his assignment ( HN)
4. Henry asked the librarian how many books he could borrow at atime (VN)
5.John asked his friend how he had managed to know his phone number. trình

NÂNG CAO:
 1, Advise sb to V : Khuyên ai làm gì
not to V không làm gì
2, Apologise to sb for (not) V-ing :xin lỗi ai vì đã làm gì
having Ved/P₂ không làm gì
3, Accuse sb of V-ing : buộc tội ai vì đã làm gì
having Ved/P₂
4, Insist on V-ing : năn nỉ nài nỉ làm gì
5, criticise sb for (not) V-ing : chỉ trích ai đã làm gì
(not) having Ved/P₂
6, blame sb for V-ing : buộc tội ai vì đã làm gì
having Ved/P₂
7. invite sb to V : mời ai làm gì
8. offer to V : đề nghị làm gì
9. refuse to V ; từ chối làm gì
10. threaten to V ; đe dọa làm gì

Ex . 1.“ I am sorry . I broke your vase “ He said to Lan

He apologised…………………………………………………………………..
2.“ you are cheating in the exam “ The teacher said to Quang
The teacher accused………………………………………………………………..
C. Mệnh đề chỉ mục đích To - In order to - So as to - So that –in order that

1. In order to/ So as to/ To

Mệnh đề + IN ORDER TO/SO AS TO/TO + be/V.
- Lưu ý: Nếu có NOT thì để NOT trước TO, ( tuy nhiên mẫu TO không áp dụng được trường hợp có NOT.)
Eg:

 I study hard. I want to pass the exam.

-> I study hard in order to / so as to /to pass the exam.
 I study hard. I don’t want to fail the exam.
-> -> I study hard in order not to fail the exam. (đúng)
 -> I study hard so as not to  fail the exam.(đúng)
 -> I study hard not to fail the exam. (sai)

- Lưu ý: Nếu có 2 chủ ngữ khác nhau thì chủ ngữ câu sau biến thành FOR SB
Eg: 

 I gave her his phone number. I wanted her call him

=> I gave her his phone number in order for her to call him.

-Lưu ý ;

Mệnh đề + IN ORDER TO/SO AS TO/TO + be/V.

IN ORDER TO/SO AS TO/TO + be/V, Mệnh đề

Ex. *I study hard in order to / so as to /to pass the exam.

 In order to / So as to /To  pass the exam , I study hard 

*I study hard  so as not to fail the exam

So as not to ,  I study hard 

2. So That/ In order that

Mệnh đề + SO THAT / IN ORDER THAT + S can/could/will/would + V …
1 câu
- Lưu ý: Thông thường nếu không có NOT thì dùng can /could còn có NOT thì dùng
won’t / wouldn’t, trừ những trường hợp có ý ngăn cấm thì mới dùng can’t/couldn’t.
Eg:

 I study hard so that I can pass the exam. (Tôi học tập chăm chỉ để có thể vượt qua kỳ
thi.)
 I study hard so that I won’t fail the exam. (Tôi học chăm chỉ để không bị rớt trong kỳ
thi.)
 I hide the toy so that my mother can’t see it. ( Tôi giấu món đồ chơi để mẹ tôi không
thể thấy nó -> ngăn không cho thấy ) 

3. Cách nối câu

A. So That/In Order That :
- Trong câu thứ hai nếu có các động từ: Want, like, hope... thì phải bỏ đi rồi thêm can/could/will/would vào
- Nếu sau các chữ want, like, hope..có túc từ thì lấy túc từ đó ra làm chủ từ.
Eg:

 I give you the book .I want you to read it.

-> I give you the book so that you can read it.

B. Dùng In Order To/So As To/To :

- Chỉ áp dụng được khi 2 chủ từ 2 câu giống nhau
- Bỏ chủ từ câu sau, bỏ các chữ want, like, hope...giữ lại từ động từ sau nó.
Eg:

 I study hard .I want to pass the exam.

 I study hard .I want to pass the exam.
-> I study hard in order to pass the exam.

3. With a view to V-ing

Ví dụ:
- I must visit many museums in the city to accomplish my report.
(Tôi phải thăm rất nhiều bảo tàng ở thành phố để hoàn thành bài báo cáo của mình).
=> With a view to accomplishing my report, I must visit many museums. 
- I have to practice playing the piano so much to have a good performance tonight. 
=> With a view to having a good performance tonight, I have to practice playing the piano so much.
(Để có buổi trình diễn tốt vào tối nay, tôi phải tập đánh piano rất nhiều)
 
4. With an aim of + V-ing
Ví dụ:
- I find a partner to practice speaking English everyday. 
=> With an aim of practicing speaking English everyday, I find a partner. (Tôi tìm bạn học để luyện
tập nói tiếng Anh mỗi ngày)
D. Cấu trúc: Thích hơn
1. like sth more than sth
V-ing better than V-ing
Thích cái gì hơn cái gì
làm gì làm gì
2. prefer sth to sth
V-ing V-ing
Thích cái gì hơn cái gì
làm gì làm gì
3. would rather V than V
ˈd rather
4. would prefer to V rather than V
ˈd prefer
Ex. C1. She likes staying at home better than going out
C2. She prefers staying at home to going out
C3. She would rather stay at home than go out
C4. She would prefer to stay at home rather than go out
Ex. I prefer soccer to badminton.
 I would rather play soccer than ( play) badminton
She likes Chinese food more than Italian food
 She would rather have Chinese food than Italian food
E.Cấu trúc : Muốn
a. want to V = would like to V= feel like Ving
b. would rather V ( not V): muốn làm gì (ở hiên tại )
* NC : would rather have been Muốn làm gì trong quá khứ
Ved/ p2
Ex : I would rather have eaten chicken yesterday

c. Would prefer toV (not to V)

ex. I would rather not listen to the radio.

I would prefer not to listen to the radio.

F.Muốn ai làm gì:

 a. Would prefer SB to V/ not to V ở hiên tại
O
b. Would rather SB QKĐ
S
c. Would rather SB QKHT ở quá khứ

Ex. I would rather you hadn’t told her the truth yesterday.

Ex : 1.I would prefer you to speak E

 I would rather …………………………….

2.Please , keep silent

-> I would rather ………………………..

3. Would you mind not making noise here ?

-> I’d rather you …………………………………………..

KEY

1.I would rather you spoke E.

2.I would rather you kept silent.

3.I'd rather you didn’t make noise here noise

G. NOTE : HTTD đi với always để nói về những hành động tiêu

cực thường xảy ra hay thói quen xấu.
*S am/is/are always V_ing.
Ex: Peter is always coming home late
 S am/is/are always V_ing.
= S keep(s) V_ing.
Ex: 1. Long is always forgetting his homework.
Long keeps …………………………………………...
2. He keeps making noise in the class.
He is always …………………………………………..