Module 5

Venn Diagram

1. Introduction on Venn
Diagram
2. Problems involving sets
using Venn Diagram
 Venn diagram
 TheVenn diagram of sets make use of
rectangle representing the universal set
and circle are subset which may be
shaded under consideration.
Basic Operation on Sets
using Venn Diagram
 Union of sets A and B
 A ∪ B = set of all
elements found in A or
B or Both.
 = {x | x ∈ A or x ∈ B}
(Fig. 1.3.1)
 Example: { a, b, d, e} ∪
{b, e, f, g} = {a, b ,d, e, f
,g}
In General, A ∪ U = U, A
∪ ∅ = A, A ∪ A = A
Basic Operation on Sets
using Venn Diagram
 Intersection of sets A
and B
 A ∩ B = set of all
elements common to A
and B
 = {x | x ∈ A or x ∈ B}
(Fig. 1.3.2)
 Example : {1, 2, 3, 4} ∩
{0, 2, 3, 4, 9} = {2, 3, 4}
 In General, A ∩ U = A, A
∩ ∅ = Ȼ, A ∩ A = A
Basic Operation on Sets
using Venn Diagram
 Complement of A
 A’ = set of all
elements in the
universal set but not
found in A
 = {x | x ∈ U and x ∉
E} (Fig. 1.3.3)
 In General, A’ ∪ U =
U, A’ ∪ A = ∅
Basic Operation on Sets
using Venn Diagram
 Difference of Sets A and B
 A – B = set of all elements
found in A but not in B
 = { x | x ∈ A and x ∉ B}
 B – A = { x | x ∈ B and x ∉
A}
 Example: A = {4, 5, 6, 7}, B
= {1, 6, 7, 8, 9}
 A-B = {4, 5} B-A = { 1, 8, 9}
 In General, A – B = B’ ∩ A;
B – A = A’
Basic Operation on Sets
using Venn Diagram
 Difference of Sets A and B
 A – B = set of all elements
found in A but not in B
 = { x | x ∈ A and x ∉ B}
 B – A = { x | x ∈ B and x ∉
A}
 Example: A = {4, 5, 6, 7}, B
= {1, 6, 7, 8, 9}
 A-B = {4, 5} B-A = { 1, 8, 9}
 In General, A – B = B’ ∩ A;
B – A = A’
Basic Operation on Sets
using Venn Diagram
 Symmetric Difference
of Sets A and B
 A + B = set that are
both contained in A
and B but not their
common.
Basic Operation on Sets
using Venn Diagram
 Applications on Venn
Diagram
In a survey involving 150 different
factories, it was Found out that
 70 purchased brand A
 75 purchased brand B
 95 purchased brand C
 30 purchased brand A and B
 45 purchased brand A and C
 40 purchased brand B and C
 10 purchased brand A, B & C
 Applications on Venn
Diagram
 In an excursion at Pagsanjan Falls,
200 students brought sandwiches,
drinks, and cans as follows:
 80 students brought sandwiches
 75 students brought drinks
 70 students brought cans
 25 students brought cans and
drinks
 35 students brought sandwiches
and cans
 15 students brought sandwiches
and drinks
 45 students brought none of the 3