NIVELACIÓN DE MATEMÁTICA - GESTIÓN

S13.S1 ECUACIONES E INECUACIONES LINEALES

TAREA DOMICILIARIA

Docente: Yojan Vladimir Alcántara Ramírez

2021
ECUACIONES LINEALES
1.𝐸𝑛 𝑢𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 4 𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑛 180. 𝐸𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎
𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎 3 𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑜𝑠,
𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑟𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑟𝑎𝑛 8 𝑦 𝑎𝑙 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑜 𝑙𝑒𝑔𝑎 𝑢𝑛 𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑜, 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒
𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑜𝑠. ¿ 𝐶𝑢á𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑛í𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎 𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑎𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑜?

1° 𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑎: 𝑎 + 3
2° 𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑎: 𝑏
3° 𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑎: 𝑐 − 8
4° 𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑎: 𝑑 + 1

𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑑 = 80
𝑎 + 𝑎 + 3 + 𝑎 + 11 + 𝑎 + 2 = 180
4𝑎 + 16 = 180
4𝑎 = 164
𝑎 = 41

𝑎+3=𝑏 =𝑐−8=𝑑+1

𝑎+3=𝑏

𝑎+3=𝑐−8
𝑎 + 11 = 𝑐

𝑏= 𝑎+3
41 + 3 = 44
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: 44

2. 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑟:
𝑥−3 2𝑥 5𝑥 − 3
2 − [−2(𝑥 − 1) − ]= − + 3𝑥
2 3 12

−4(𝑥 + 1) − (𝑥 − 3)
2−[ ] = 8𝑥 − (5𝑥 − 3) + 36𝑥
2 12

−4𝑥 − 4 − 𝑥 + 3 8𝑥 − 5𝑥 + 3 + 36𝑥
2−[ ]=
2 12

−5𝑥 − 1 39𝑥 + 3
2−[ ]=
2 12

4 − (−5𝑥 − 1)
= 13𝑥 + 1
2 4

13𝑥 + 1
5𝑥 + 5 − =0
2

10𝑥 + 10 − (13𝑥 + 1)
=0
2

9 − 3𝑥 = 0
 9 = 3𝑥
3=𝑥

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: 3

3. 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑟:
3𝑥 1 3𝑥 𝑥
+ +2= −
2 4 4 3

6𝑥 + 1 + 8 9𝑥 − 4
=
4 12

5𝑥
6𝑥 + 9 − =0
3

18𝑥 + 27 − 5𝑥 = 0
13𝑥 = −27
𝑥 = −27⁄13

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: −27⁄13

4. 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑑𝑖𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑒 𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑, 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑙𝑙𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑢 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜
𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑟𝑎𝑝𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑧 𝑑𝑒 40 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ 𝑦 𝑙𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑢 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑜 𝑣𝑎 𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑 𝑑𝑒
2 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ 𝑑𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 15 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑜𝑠. 𝑆𝑖 𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑎 1 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑢 𝑐𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑑.
¿ 𝑄𝑢é 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 ℎ𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑜?

1° 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒 → 40 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ 𝑡 = 45 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑜𝑠 (0,75 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑠)

2° 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒 → 2 𝑘𝑚⁄ℎ 𝑡 = 15 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑜𝑠 (0,15 ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑠)

𝑑1 = 𝑣. 𝑡
𝑑1 = 40(0,75)
𝑑1 = 30 𝑘𝑚

𝑑2 = 𝑣. 𝑡
𝑑2 = 2(0,15)
𝑑2 = 0,5 𝑘𝑚

𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑1 + 𝑑2
𝑑𝑡 = 30 + 0,5
𝑑𝑡 = 30,5 𝑘𝑚

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: 30,5 𝑘𝑚

5. 𝑃𝑒𝑑𝑟𝑜 𝑒𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑎 𝑦 𝑠𝑒 𝑙𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑔𝑎 𝑢𝑛 𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑆⁄1600 𝑎𝑙 𝑚𝑒𝑠, 𝑚á𝑠 𝑢𝑛 10% 𝑑𝑒
𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑆⁄10000 (𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 𝑠𝑒𝑟á 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑥𝑐𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑎 𝑆⁄10000).
¿ 𝐶𝑢á𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑏𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑔𝑎𝑛𝑎𝑟 𝑆⁄1920 ?

𝑥 − 10000
1600 + = 1920
10

𝑥 − 10000
10 = 320
 𝑥 − 10000 = 3200
𝑥 = 13200

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: 13200

6. 𝐷𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑝ó𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑛 2587 𝑦 1850 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑛 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑏𝑜𝑚𝑏𝑎 𝑠𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜
𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎 𝑟𝑎𝑧ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 4 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑠𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑜. ¿ 𝐷𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢é𝑠 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑢á𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑜 𝑢𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑝ó𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑟á
𝑒𝑙 𝑑𝑜𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑟𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑜𝑡𝑟𝑜?
4 L/5

𝐷1 = 2587 𝐿
𝐷2 = 1850 𝐿

2(2587𝐿 − 4𝑥) = 1850 + 4𝑥

10348 − 8𝑥 = 1850 + 4𝑥
8498 = 12𝑥
708 𝑠𝑒𝑔 = 𝑥
2587 L 1850 L

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: 708 𝑠𝑒𝑔

INECUACIONES LINEALES

7. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑒 𝑡𝑜𝑚𝑎𝑟 x 𝑒𝑛:

𝑥 < 2𝑥 − 2 < 𝑥 + 1

𝑥 + 2 < 2𝑥 < 𝑥 + 3

𝑥 + 2 < 2𝑥 𝖠 2𝑥 < 𝑥 + 3
2<𝑥 𝑥<3

∴ 𝑥 = {2; 3}

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: 2

8. 𝑆𝑖: 4 − 𝑥 < 𝑥 + 2 < 18 − 𝑥, ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑚𝑎𝑦𝑜𝑟 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 x

2 − 𝑥 < 𝑥 < 16 − 𝑥

2−𝑥 <𝑥 𝖠 𝑥 < 16 − 𝑥

1<𝑥 𝑥<8

∴1<𝑥<8
𝑥 = {2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 𝟕}

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: 7
9. 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑣𝑎:
𝑥 2𝑥
+ >2
2 3

3𝑥 + 4𝑥
>2
6

7𝑥 > 12
𝑥 > 12/7

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: < 12⁄7; +∞ >

10. 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑣𝑎:
𝑥+3
+4< 𝑥+5+2
2 3

𝑥+3+8
<𝑥+5+6
2 3

3𝑥 + 33 < 2𝑥 + 22
𝑥 < −11

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: 𝑥 ∈ < −∞; −11 >

11. 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑛ú𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛

4𝑥 + 1
3< <6
3

9 < 4𝑥 + 1 < 18
8 < 4𝑥 < 17

∴ 𝑥 = {3; 4}

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎: 2