23/11/20

From DNA to Protein 1

Workshop

Maria O’Connell

Compare and contrast DNA and RNA

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Which of the following sequences is complementary to

the leading strand shown below?

5’ –CGCATGTAGCGA-3’

•  A) 5’-AGCGATGTACGC-3’
•  B) 3’-AGCGATGTACGC-5’
•  C) 5’-GCGTACATCGCT-3’
•  D) 3’-GCGTACATCGCT-5’

Describe the role of DNA polymerase

in replication

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DNA replication B
D

A
E

C
•  Which labeled ends, A-F, represent 5’ ends of the DNA?

•  Which labeled points, if any, represent 3’ends of the DNA?

•  Which labeled points, if any, are most likely to contain an RNA

molecule ? Why?

What do the letters represent in the

DNA replication diagram below?

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Label as many things as you can in the

diagram of the gene below

What amino acids are encoded by the

following codons?
•  ATG

•  TAG

•  TTA

•  CAG

•  TGG

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5’-CGG GAG TGT TCA GTT TTA GCG TTT TAA TTT-3’
Using the DNA sequence above as the original template, state
which type of mutation has occurred for each of the following:


•  5’-CGGGAGTGTTCAGTTTTAGCGTTAATTT-3’

•  5’-CGGGAGTGTTCAGTTTTAGAGAGAGAGAGCGTTTTAATTT-3’

•  5’-CGGGAGTGTTCAGTTTAAGCGTTTTAATTT-3’

•  5’-CGGGAGTGTTCAGTGTTAGCGTTTTAATTT-3’

•  5’-CGGGAGTGTTCAGTTTTAGAGTTTTAATTT-3’

•  5’-CGGGAGTGTTCAGTTTTTAATTTTGCGATT-3’

DNA damage can occur spontaneously or as a result of exposure

to the environment. State four exogenous and four endogenous
sources of DNA damage.

•  Exogenous

•  Endogenous

•  Which more commonly causes mutations?

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State which type of DNA repair mechanism the cell

would use for the following types of damage:

•  Mutation caused by ionising radiation that occurred in the G2

phase of the cell cycle

•  UV radiation causing a thymine dimer

•  Deamination with a resulting hypoxanthine

•  Mutation caused by ionising radiation that occurred in the G1

phase of the cell cycle