Department of Education

Region III – Central Luzon

Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac
 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Chapter I
The Problem and Its Background

Introduction
Have you ever wished to have beautiful face or to just

have an acne free face? Many have been asking why can’t I

have that radiant skin, skin that is brighter than my

future? The world is indeed unfair, isn’t it? Why do we need

to suffer having this acne that breaks out all over your

face? Is it about your genes? Do my surroundings cause my

acne to breakout? Those are the questions we usually ask.

Who doesn’t want to remove those tiny red spots that give

you a hard time? Having those tiny red spots usually causes

people to lose their self-confidence. Some are having a hard

time to find their partners. Some are being criticized.

Frankly speaking, people tend to judge someone by their

physical look. It is not easy to find a solution to get rid

of your pimples especially if you have a sensitive skin.

People who suffer from this tend to find solutions that will

fit them, and it’s not easy. It’s either it doesn’t your

skin or it irritates you. That’s why bunch of beauty

products are made to suffice people’s acne problem. Some are

good and some just worsen it even more. There’s facial foam

takes place. Facial foam, creates a foamy lather and are

ideal for removing oil layers, makeup. This type of cleanser

is ideal for those who have oily skin according to in style.

Facial forms are highly recommended for those who suffer

from oily skin and acnes. It contains zinc pidolate that

removes dirt and excess sebum from your skin. This leads us
 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

to research and make our own facial foam which can help

people to cure their acne problems. After researching

different studies about this we come up to a new product. It

is a facial foam cleanser made up of coffee and calamansi

extract. Coffees are good for the skin because it doesn’t

cause acne breakouts. Coffee grounds work as an exfoliating

agent to help remove the dead cells and dirt. Coffee is high

in antioxidants. Antioxidants help you from free radical

damage. Some studies say that coffee is good for your skin.

Coffee makes your skin firmer and brighter. It can protect

your skin from Ultraviolet rays and also reduce puffy eyes.

While calamansi extract makes your skin fairer. It is also a

powerful antioxidant and has vitamin C. It will make your

skin smoother and softer.

Hypotheses

The concept of cleansing is based on the acidity of the

calamansi and detox capabilities of the coffee, due to this

the study has the following assumptions:

Ho: The facial cleansing foam made by coffee bean and

calamansi extract is not effective.

Ha: The facial cleansing foam made by coffee bean and

calamansi extract is effective.

Ha2: The facial cleansing foam made by coffee bean and

calamansi extract is effective but not in skin whitening.

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Significance of the Study

The anti-acne properties of the composition of the

products would pose great potential and can be used by the

following benefactors:

The Students. The students are able to use an accessible and

convenient anti-acne product that can be added to their

routine.

The Teachers. Like the students, the teachers would gain

access to the product and poses great potential significance

due to the acne causing factor in the school vicinity.

The Institution. The institution will have a product

synthesized in its scope that can also be used for

distribution and for merit.

Future Researchers. Future researchers will be able to use

this study as a related literature and as a reference

regarding future studies with coffee and calamansi as their

main ingredients while also providing them a reference when

it comes to anti-acne studies.

Scope and Delimitation

The study will be conducted at San Roque National High

School located at Dela Cruz Bamban, Tarlac. The actual

product synthesis will be done at the home of the

researchers while the product will be obtained from local

markets located in the vicinity. The respondents would be

selected judgmentally depending on the amount of acne the

individual would have and at least five respondents would be

taken.
 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Definition of Terms

Acne. Facial skin Problem.

Antioxidants. Helps you from free radical damage.

Calamansi. A powerful antioxidant and has Vitamin C.

Cleanser. Removes dirt and moisturize skin

Coffee. Makes your skin firmer and brighter

Exfoliate. Changing your skin into a new one

Facial Foam. It contains zinc pidolate that cures acne

problems.

Ultraviolet Rays. It can irittate skin when too much

exposure.

Vitamin C. Anti-aging and boost immune System.

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Chapter 2

Review Related Literature

Foreign

According to C Sousa, C Gabriel et al. (2010) Coffee is

one of the most popular and consumed beverages in the world,

which leads to a high content of solid residue known as

spent coffee grounds (SCG). As is known, coffee beans

contain several classes of healthrelated chemicals,

including phenolic compounds, melanoidins, diterpenes,

xanthine and carotenoids which are associated with

therapeutic and pharmaceutical effects, due to

antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-infectious and antitumor

activities. Considering that this coffee industrial waste

has no commercial value and are currently disposed as a

solid waste or employed as fertilizers, we intend to

highlight the use of SCG as a raw material wit hypotential

interest to the food and pharmaceutical industries.

Moreover, this work seems to be valuable to promote the use

According to (Obagi 2016) In cleaning the face you must

avoid harsh soaps such as bar soaps, which have an alkalinity

level between 9 and 10 because it removes allnatural oils from

your skin making the pH level too alkaline which can cause the

skin becomes dry, flaky, and prone to inflammation. This can

cause the sebaceous glands to overproduce oil to compensate for

the dryness causing clogged pores and breakouts. When skin is

overly dry and flaky, it can also lead to premature fine lines

and wrinkles. So, instead of using soap use facial cleansers,

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

which have a lower pH level and are specifically designed to

cleanse the face because they are gentler on your skin. Facial

cleansing is an important factor in maintaining the proper level

of hydration in your skin. When your skin is dehydrated, it looks

rough, dry, wrinkled, and aged. Regular facial cleansing will

help manage the PH levels of your skin, enabling proper water

retention. Regular cleansing keeps your skin looking radiant and

healthy. It allows your other skin care products to work more

effectively. It helps maintain proper pore size and supports

proper skin hydration and prevents the production of excess oil

(RMO, 2019). Not washing your face regularly may cause you skin

dry, dull, and everything else that comes along with skipping the

cleanse. In order to prevent it, choose a facial foam cleanser

that matches your skin type, always make time to rinse away the

day's makeup, dirt, and impurities. (N. Rebecca, 2018) of SCG as

natural and an inexpensive food supplements or

pharmaceutical additive.

As stated by Pixi (2018) Calamansi can prevent more

breakouts and also has a natural whitening effect which was good

for those acne scars and it is effective in removing set dirt and

left the skin squeaky clean. Coffee beans is an antioxidant

that help your skin to protect from free damage. According

to some studies, coffee beans shown similar effects on the

skin as the anti-aging ingredient. It can also increase the

collagen and elastin which make the skin look and feel

firmer. (A. Palmer & C. Gallagher, 2019)

As stated by (S. Zaidan, 2018) The high caffeine content in

coffee beans stimulates the blood circulation in the skin and

scalp, which can be very effective for infections like acne. She

recommends as using coffee grounds themselves as a gentle

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

exfoliator, or applying them under the eyes as part of a serum,

as the caffeine reduces blood flow to the area and reduces

puffiness.

As stated by Xiumin Chen (2018), Coffee leaves have a

long history for use as ethnomedicine and tea beverage by

locals from countries where coffee plants grow. Recently,

attentions have been paid to their health benefits to human

beings because of abundant bioactive components in coffee

leaves. However, the researches related to the

bioactivities, applications, and the impacts of processing

methods on the phytochemical composition and activities of

coffee leaves are scarce. The reviews specific to coffee

leaves in these aspects are rare too. Due to the growing

interests to coffee leaves, in this review, the chemical

compositions in coffee leaves and the influence of

environmental conditions and processing methods on them were

summarized. Furthermore, various applications of coffee

leaves, including ethnomedicine, coffee leaf tea,

therapeutic agent, packaging material, tobacco substitute,

organic fungicide, personal hygienic products, and animal

feed et al. were presented. The future prospects of coffee

leaves are also discussed. In conclusion, coffee leaf is a

very promising resource in the areas of food and industry,

especially, in the beverage industry. The researches in

understanding impacts of the processing methods on the

phytochemicals, enzymes, bioactivities, and flavor of coffee

leaves are highly needed.

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

As stated by James Reidy et al.(2015) A body scrub brush

with an integrated liquid soap dispenser that eliminates the need

to maintain a bottle or bar of soap in the bathing area is

disclosed. View at patents.google.com Cited by 5 Related articles

All 2 versions repository.au.edu Extraction of antioxidant

phenolic compounds from spent coffee ground by oil infusion

method and production of scrub coffee oil glycerin soap bar

Vaivit Kositarat Bangkok: Assumption University The spent coffee

grounds (SCG) contain large amount of phenolic compounds which

are investigated as a potential source of antioxidant.

Melanoidins is one of phenolic compounds formed during a roasting

process of coffee bean and it is brown-colored compound. To

increase the sustainability of SCG, Coj] ea arahica was extracted

by oil infusion method. Five oils which were canola oil, com oil,

coconut oil, sunflower oil and mineral oil were used as the oil

carrier for extracting antioxidant compounds from SCG, the 10%,

20% and 30% w/w. of SCG were infused in each oil carriers at room

temperature for 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hrs. The result showed

that, the increasing of concentration of infusion ratio and the

time period of infusion effected the increasing of the amount of

total phenolic compounds (TPC) in all oil carriers. The TPC of

30%(w/w) SCG at 120 hrs of canola oil, com oil, coconut oil,

sunflower oil and mineral oil were 31.99±0.06, 35.54±0.87,

29.05±0.74, 30.37±0.5 and 22.04±0.72.. mg/ml, respectively. The

highest TPC was found in 30% w/w SCG infused in canola oil at 72

hrs. which presented 36.10±0.93 mg/ml however 30% w/w SCG infused

in com oil at 120 hrs. showed the highest percentage increase of

TPC comparing with carrier coconut oil (59.4%±3.89). All five SCG

infused oils contain scavenging activity to DPPH; canola oil, com

oil, coconut oil, sunflower oil and mineral oil contains 92.31%

±1.1, 91.25%±1.9, 48.94 o/o±0.4, 94.71 o/o±0.3 and 10.51

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

o/o±0.4, respectively. The 30% w/w infused in sunflower oil at

120 hrs. exhibited the highest antioxidant activity of 94.71%±0.3

and IC50 was 29.07 mg/ml whereas coconut oil showed the

percentage increasing of antioxidant activity comparing with oil

carrier was 265.23%±5.8. For the brown-colored development, the

infusion ratio and period of infusion influenced the increasing

of color in all oil carriers significantly. Peroxide value were

increased when SCG was infused in canola oil, com oil, and

sunflower oil, the value were 16 meg/kg, 8 meq/kg and 36 meq/kg,

respectively. however peroxide value was unchanged in coconut oil

and no peroxide value found in. mineral oil. For antioxidant soap

bar with SCG scrubber made with 5 types of SCG infused oil and

with oil carrier, samples were tested for preference test, 20

panelists graded liking score range from 1 to 9 followed by these

attributes, color, fragrance, lather moistening, scrubbing, skin

feel and over all liking. Data from the test was statistically

proved by Duncan multiple range test.

As stated by Ernest H. Brumbaugh, et al(2017), A method

useful for inhibiting moisture loss from skin comprises the step

of administering a composition to a subject's skin. The

composition comprises a first humectant and a second humectant

different from the first humectant. The humectants are useful for

increasing moisture content of the subject's skin, specifically

the subject's epidermis. The method wherein the honey comprises

orange blossom honey and a majority of the honey is derived from

blossoms of the genus Citrus, optionally from blossoms of the

species Citrus sinensis.

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Local

As stated by Kidd Cholo A Alfante, et al, (2019). The

researchers devolved on the study of Synergistic Activity of

Calamansi (Citrofortunella microcarpa), Riped Guava (Psidium

guajava) and Gumamela Flower (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) as

Body Scrub. This study search for the phytochemical

presence, what treatment and level of concentrations (10ml,

15ml, 20ml) shows the lowest and highest effectiveness and

if there any significant difference between researcher’s

product to the commercial body scrub (Glam Works).

According to Emmanuel Joseph O. et al.(2016) POE

Enterprises offered a facial wash made from orange peel and

ground coffee to help skin conscious people maintain healthy

skin. The product was packed with Vitamin C, calcium, and

anti-oxidant from the orange peel and ground coffee and

promised to give the consumers twice the benefits they get

from other brands of facial wash. This study aimed to

determine the feasibility of producing facial wash for

potential consumers from Cabuyao, Calamba, and Los Banos.

Results showed that there is an assurance that the product

would be profitable.

According to Aina Fathiat Z. et al. (2019) A body scrub

is a popular treatment that is basically a facial for the

body. It is also an exfoliating cosmetic preparation and

applied to the body to cleanse the skin. It exfoliates and

hydrates your skin, leaving it smooth and soft. A body scrub

is done with an abrasive material, usually coffee or

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

sugar mixed with some kind of massage oil and an aromatic

like essential oils. In this study, a preliminary on the

formulation of cinnamon coffee body scrub have been

conducted. In this work, the active ingredient from the

coffee and cinnamon are used and formulated into scrub base

and cream base. The coffee and cinnamon is added into the

base with two different percentages which is coffee (18% w/w

and 12.5% w/w), cinnamon (7% w/w and 12.5% w/w) and stored

at two different storage temperatures (27 C and 45 C). To

evaluate the stability of the cinnamon coffee body

scrub formulated the physical analysis were conducted in

terms of stability, colour, and spread ability. Sensory

analysis also had been conducted to identify the, texture,

odour, and colour more preferable.

According to (K. Agnes, 2018) A foaming cleanser is a

cleanser that foams and isn’t of a milky or creamy texture.

You add water to the cleanser which helps it to work into

lather, and wash away your impurities and makeup, leaving

you with clean and refreshed skin. There are many foaming

cleansers designed to target specific areas of concern, but

they aren’t for every skin type. Foaming cleansers are a

great product to cleanse and clean your face. In essence,

they are similar to washing your face with soap but a lot

gentler on your skin. Plus they pack a whole bunch of good

for your skin too, unlike traditional soap. A lot of these

styles of cleansers now include natural ingredients that

target a particular skin concern, as well as having

hydrating, soothing, balancing and invigorating properties.

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Its purpose is to thoroughly clean your face of all makeup and

dirt that naturally builds up throughout the day and night. It is

also designed to clean deep into the pores, making sure all dirt

is reached and washed away, leaving you with refreshed soft,

supple and squeaky-clean skin. Foaming cleansers are a great

alternative to using cream or milk cleansers, and for those of

you, that prefer to wash their face with the use of water. The

light fluffiness of a foaming cleanser, truly makes you feel as

though your face is having a good old-fashioned clean.

As stated by wittywandere42 (2018), Citrofortunella

microcarpa, the Calamondin or Calamansi, is a fruit tree in

the family Rutaceae native to the Philippine Islands and has

been dubbed the calamondin, golden lime, panama orange,

chinese orange, acid orange, calamonding, or calamandarin in

English. It is believed to have originated from China and

has spread throughout Southeast Asia, India, Hawaii, the

West Indies, Central and North America. The plant is

characterized by wing-like appendages on the leaf stalks and

white or purplish flowers. Its fruit has either a spongy or

leathery rind with a juicy pulp that is divided into

sections. It resembles a small, round lime. (Sorry, forgot

the source.) Calamansi has vitamin C which enhances your

beauty, by rejuvenating skin from within and thus bringing a

glow on your face. That's because vitamin C, also known as

ascorbic acid, is key to the production of collagen, a

protein that aids in the growth of cells and blood vessels

and gives skin its firmness and strength. It is an

antioxidant that slows the rate of free-radical

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Damage free radicals are unstable molecules that damage

collagen and cause skin dryness, fine lines and wrinkles so

it helps skin to recover, prevent premature ageing and can

protect it from future damage. New research shows that

ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, a derivative of vitamin C, not

only neutralizes free radicals, but also reverses DNA

damage. Research suggests that vitamin C may also reduce

sunburn caused by exposure to ultraviolet B radiation and

prevent the consequences of long-term sun exposure, which

can lead to skin cancer. One of the natural benefits of

calamansi juice is it acts as a natural skin bleaching

agent. It is good for treating dark spots or discoloration

of the skin, it helps erase scars and other blemishes for a

more even tone. In fact some skin whitening soap

manufacturers use it as their main ingredient for soap. It

is also a popular main ingredient for facial cleansers and

toners nowadays. The extract reduces oiliness in skin, thus

clearing up skin problems such as pimples, acne, blackheads

and freckles. It also moisturizes and increases skin

hydration. The Vitamin C in the juice penetrates the skin so

it is more effective than commercial products which can be

rubbed off or removed when washing or taking a bath.

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Conceptual Framework

The researchers will use the input-process-output model

for this particular study in which the information pre-

emptively found by the researchers will be used as the

input, the execution as the process and the yield as the

output.

Process
Input
-Data Output
-The Gathering
cleansing -A fully
-Data synthesized
properties
Analysis facial
of
calamansi -Data cleanser
and coffee Interpretat made of
beans. ion coffee and
calamansi.
-Product
Synthesis

Figure 1: Paradigm of the Study

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

The process begins with the pre-emptively thought of

notion that calamansi and coffee beans contains cleansing

properties and a product will be based on this notion, it

will be tested and synthesized in order to produce a fully

functional and efficient cleanser.

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Chapter 3

Procedure, Ingredients and Equipment

Ingredients Quantity Unit Use/Purpose

For skin
Coffee Ground 10 tbsp
whitening
For acne
Calamansi 5 tbsp
removal
Moisturize
Honey 8 tbsp
skin
For
Liquid Soap 3 tbsp
effervescence

Procedure

1. Prepare all the ingredients.

2. In a bowl put the 200-tbsp. of ground coffee, 5 tbsp of

calamansi extract and 8-tbsp of honey.

3. Mix it for about 5 minutes.

4. Mix it well and put the 3-tbsp. liquid soap.

5. Le it cool and place it on a packaging.

Chapter 4

Presentation and Interpretation of Data

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Initial Testing

The facial cleansing foam made by coffee bean and

calamansi extract was applied to two (2) respondents and the

respondents reported the problem of the product in terms of

its texture, the product was highly viscous due to the high

concentration of honey in its content which is viscous in

nature. There was also an observable dominance of coffee-

scent that overpowered the calamansi scent which was

supposed to be apparent at an equal significance. There was

no observable foaming of the product due to the low

concentration of the foaming agent (liquid soap). A specific

respondent reported itchiness upon using the product, he

possesses a sensitive skin type in which it is an indication

that the components were too overpowering for the skin.

Skin Type Lightness Softness Freshness

Normal 5 4 4
Dry 4 4 4
Oily 3 4 4
Sensitive 3 3 3
Table 1: Summary of Findings

Final Testing

The product was resynthesized in terms of the

concentration of its components, the product was balanced

around the properties of each other. The findings of the

testing are shown at the table below:

Skin Type Lightness Softness Freshness

Normal 5 5 5
Dry 4 5 4
 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

Oily 5 5 5
Sensitive 4 5 3
Table 2: Summary of Findings

It is observable that the product is efficiency in

terms of its cleansing properties due to the observable

effects of the product in terms of different skin types.

These different skin types showed significant improvement in

terms of their skin’s lightness, softness and freshness

which is an indication of successful cleansing. Though the

sensitive skin type showed less efficient results than

usual, it may be due to the skin type but there is still a

significant difference between its preemptive state before

the testing. The scent of the coffee was still dominant but

it is significantly weaker than the initial testing and does

not overpower the other ingredients to a great extent. The

respondents reported no itching or side-effects the

following day, meaning the product does not yield any side-

effects.

Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

Conclusion/s

The data gathered has proven that the facial cleansing

foam does cleanse in one way or another. The adversity faced

by the product is its inability to cleanse specific skin

types (oily and dry), and thus it fails at cleansing other

skin types, due to the lack of neutrality in the components,

this may be due to the imbalance in the pH levels of the

ingredients or their chemical structure. The facial

cleansing foam does fulfill their physical qualities in

 Department of Education
Region III – Central Luzon
Schools Division of Tarlac Province
SAN ROQUE NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Bamban, Tarlac

terms of effervescence and application smoothness, this is

an indication that the product base’s concentration was on

par with the other components due to the lack of

nullification.

Recommendation/s

Due to the findings precedingly stated, the facial

cleansing foam is recommended for use to individuals with

normal and sensitive skin types due to its observed

efficiency. The components of the cleansing foam allow it to

be used if any alternative is needed in immediateness. Due

to the specificness of the skin type, if the product is

needed by the stated specific skin types, the study

recommends the application of other ingredients for pH

neutralization.