AH\FZHE \KEBHO[A[HE BHE HP[OHE

DK\KZHWHRHE NFAH OCBHRCBFPH

FAKO

DKAFN\FD ?=

8. Bkshd Eyfnhe Zcsdh Drcsnhyhetc (830::088<)

:. Ec Dhbkd N cth Pkavchec (830::0802)
0. Ec Auo \utu Hrc \uspcthrcec (830::0828)

2. Ec N hbk B wc @ hoyhec (830::0820)

;. Ec \utu Efpcbrhwhtc (830::0823)
9. Ec Whyhe Pceth Hprcaach (830::08;0)

PRCDKP WCZH NKBCDH JHAC

RHO[E :<83
8
 DHRH \KEGHERHZ 

\umh bhe pumc syudur dhnc phemhtdhe dkohbcrht Ruohe Sheg Nhoh Ksh,
dhrkeh jkrdht rhonht bhe dhruech-Eyh dhnc bhpht nkeyusue bhe nkeykakshcdhe
nhdhaho cec bkeghe jhcd bhe tkpht whdtu. Dhnc sheght jkrohrhp nhdhaho cec bhpht
 jkrgueh bhahn rhegdh nkehnjho whwhshe skrth pkegkthouhe pknjh`h nkegkehc
-Ahpfrhe Hsuohe Dkpkrhwhthe Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh„. Whwhshe tkrskjut jcsh
bcbhphtdhe nkahauc pkebhouauhe, pknjhohshe nhshaho bhe pkehrcdhe dkscnpuahe.
Nhdhaho cec bcsusue bkeghe dfeskp bhe jhohsh yheg skbkroheh skoceggh bhpht
nknjhetu pknjh`h uetud akjco nubho nknhohnc csc bhrc nhdhaho cec.

Dhnc nkegu`hpdhe tkrcnhdhsco dkphbh sknuh pcohd yheg tkaho

nknjhetu bhahn pkeyusuehe nhdhaho cec bhe dkphbh bfske yheg

tkaho nknjkrcdhe dksknphthe bhe dkpkr`hyhhe dkphbh dkafnpfd dhnc uetud
nknjuht
tughs nhdhaho cec. Dhnc nkeyhbhrc skpkeuoeyh jhowh bc bhahn nhdhaho cec
tkrbhpht jheyhd dkdurheghe bhe mhuo bhrc dhth sknpureh. Fako dhrkeh ctu, dhnc
 jkrohrhp hbheyh drctcd, shrhe bhe usuahe yheg nknjhegue bknc
pkrjhcdhe nhdhaho yheg tkaho dhnc juht.

Bkephshr, 83 Fdtfjkr :<83

  \keuacs

:
 BHIRHZ CPC
JHJ 8 \KEBHO[A[HE
H. Ahthr Jkahdheg ..........................................................................................2
J. Zunushe Nhshho ......................................................................................;
@. Rumuhe ......................................................................................................... ;

B B . N he ih ht. . ... ... ... ... . .. ... .. ... ... ... 9

J H J : R CE M H [ H E \ [ P R H D H .......
H. Dfeskp Bhshr \keyhdct
8. Bkicecsc ........................................................................................................7
:. Dahscicdhsc ...................................................................................................7
0. Ktcfafgc ....................................................................................................... 3
2. \htowhy.............................................................................................88
;. Nheciksthsc dacecs ......................................................................................8:
9. \knkrcdshhe \keuemheg ...........................................................................82
7. \kehthahdshehhe .........................................................................................8;
?. Dfnpacdhsc .................................................................................................89
J. Dfeskp Bhshr Hsuohe Dkpkrhwhthe
8. \kegdhmche .................................................................................................. 8?
:. Bchgefsh Dkpkrhwhthe ...............................................................................0
0. Cetkrvkesc...........................................................................................
@. @fetfo Hsuohe Dkpkrhwhthe........................................................
JHJ CCC \KE[R[\
8. Dkscnpuahe........................................................................................
:. Phrhe..................................................................................................

0
 JHJ C

\KEBHO[A[HE

H. Ahthr Jkahdheg
Hegdh dknhtche cju nkruphdhe shaho shtu cebcdhsc yheg nkeketudhe
bkrhmht dkskohthe suhtu jhegsh. Bhth frghecshsc dkskohthe buech (WOF)
phbh thoue :<<7, nknpkrdcrhdhe jhowh sktchp thoue skmunaho ;<< frheg
pkrknpuhe nkeceggha buech hdcjht dfnpacdhsc dkohncahe, pkrshache bhe
ecihs. Ihdth cec nkebkdhtc tkrmhbceyh 8 dknhtche sktchp nkect bhe
bcpkrdcrhdhe 33% dknhtche tkrskjut tkrmhbc bc ekghrh-ekghrh jkrdknjheg yheg
tkrtceggc bkeghe 2;< dknhtche cju pkr 8<<.<<< dkahocrhe jhyc ocbup mcdh
bcjhebcegdhe bkeghe rhscf dknhtche cju bc Pknjcahe Ekghrh nhmu bhe ;
8 ekghrh pkrsknhdnurhe. \rkvhakesc

nfahocbhtcbfsh akjco jheyhd bctknudhe Ekghrh Hsch, Hircdh, bhe Hnkrcdh Ahtce.
(@ueceegohn. I.G. bdd, :<<9, Nhrthhbcsfkjrhth. B, & Punhprhmh, :<<:). Hegdh
dkmhbche bc Hnkrcdh Pkrcdht hbhaho 8 dkmhbche bhrc 8.<<< ‐ 8.;<< dkohncahe, bc
Hsch tkrmhbc : bhrc 8<<< dkohncahe. Nfahocbhtcbfsh bhpht tkrmhbc phbh whecth
ohnca yheg jkrusch durheg bhrc :< thoue bhe jkrusch hethrh 2< ‐ ;<
thoue. (Hnkrc`he @he`kr Pf`ckty, Jktka @, kt ha.,:<<9, Jugtc XH, kt ha., :<<;).

Bc Cebfeksch nhshaho cju bhe hehd nkruphdhe prcfrcths bhahn uphyh

 pkecegdhthe sthtus dkskohthe nhsyhrhdht, sksuhc bkeghe thrgkt NBG–s
:<8; (Ncaakecun Bkvkafpnket Gfab), Hegdh Dknhtche Cju nkemhbc 8<: pkr
8<<.<<< dkahocrhe ocbup. [phyh dkskohthe rkprfbudsc shaho shtueyh hbhaho
nkeuruedhe hegdh dkshdcthe bhe dknhtche cju ohnca bhe jkrshace. Hbhpue
pkeykjhj ahegsueg bhrc dknhtche cju bc Cebfeksch hbhaho trchs dahscd yhctu
pkrbhrhohe, ceikdsc, tfdsknch grhvcbhrun. Phaho shtu bhrc dktcgh dktcgh
ihdtfr tkrskjut hbhaho
 pkrbhrhohe, pkrbhrhohe bhpht tkrmhbc phbh shht dkohncahe, pkrshacehe bhe
nhsh ecihs. \krbhrhohe yheg tkrmhbc phbh dkohncahe, jcsh tkrmhbc phbh hwha
dkohncahe nhupue dkohncahe ahemut, bkeghe jkshr hegdh dkmhbcheeyh 0% phbh
dkohncahe ahemut bhe ;% phbh hwha dkohncahe. \krbhrhohe yheg tkrmhbc phbh hwha

2
dkohncahe nkacputc hjfrtus, nfah ocbhtcbfsh bhe dkohncahe kdtfpcd. \hbh
dkohncahe ahemut hethrh ahce nkacputc Pfautcf \ahsketh bhe \ahsketh \rkvch. Bhrc
dhsus pkrbhrhohe

2
bchths tkreyhth bcbhphtdhe jkshr dhsus phaceg tceggc hbhaho pkrbhrhohe phbh hwha
dkohncahe yheg bhrc shaho shtu pkrbhrhohe hwha dkohncahe tkrskjut
tkrbhpht dkohncahe nfah ocbhtcbfsh.

Nfahocbhtcbfsh hbhaho tunfr mcehd bhrc trfifjahst bhe nkruphdhe

dkohncahe hjefrnha, bkeghe `crc-`crc stfnh vcaaus dfrchacs ahegdh, vhsduahrcshsc

bhe kbknhtfus, mhece jchsheyh nkeceggha hdhe tkthpc vcaaus-vcaaus yheg nknjkshr 
bhe kbknhtfus ctu ocbup bhe tunjuo tkrus nkekrus, skoceggh ghnjhrhe yheg
bcjkrcdhe hbhaho skjhghc skgugus juho heggur.

J. Zunushe Nhshaho
Hbhpue runushe nhshaho bhahn nhdhaho cec bchethrheyh=
8. Hph bkicecsc nfah ocbhtcbfsh6
:. Jhghcnheh kpcbkncfafgc bhrc nfah ocbhtcbfsh6
0. Hph shmh dahscicdhsc nfah ocbhtcbfsh6
2. Hph shmh pkeykjhj bhrc nfah ocbhtcbfsh6
;. Hph shmh gkmhah dacecs bhrc nfah ocbhtcbfsh6
9. Hph shmh pknkrcdshhe pkeuemheg yheg bcahdudhe phbh cju bkeghe
nfah ocbhtcbfsh6
7. Jhghcnheh pkehthahdshehhe nkbcs cju bkeghe nfah ocbhtcbfsh6
?. Dfnpacdhsc hph shmh yheg tkrmhbc phbh cju pkebkrcth nfah ocbhtcbfsh6

@. Rumuhe \keuacshe
8. Rumuhe [nun

[etud nknkeuoc shaho shtu tughs nhth duacho Dkpkrhwhthe Nhtkrecths

tkethegHsuohe Dkpkrhwhthe Cju Ohnca Bkeghe Dfnpacdhsc Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh.

:. Rumuhe Dousus

Hghr bhpht nkegkthouc bhe nknhohnc tketheg=

h. Nknhohnc tketheg pkegkrtche nfah ocbhtcbfsh.

 j. Nknhohnc tketheg pkeykjhj nfah ocbhtcbfsh.
`. Nknhohnc tketheg dahscicdhsc-dahscicdhsc phbh nfah ocbhtcbfsh.
b. Nknhohnc tketheg gkmhah dacecs yheg nue`ua phbh cju pkebkrcth
nfah ocbhtcbfsh.

;
k. Nknhohnc tketheg pknkrcdshhe pkeuemheg yheg bcjkrcdhe phbh cju
bkeghe nfah ocbhtcbfsh.
i. Nknhohnc tketheg pkehthahdshehhe nkbcs phbh pkebkrcth nfah ocbhtcbfsh.
g. Nknhohnc tketheg dfnpacdhsc yheg tkrmhbc phbh cju yheg nkebkrcth
nfah ocbhtcbfsh.
o. Nknhohnc tketheg pknjkrche hsuohe dkpkrhwhthe dkphbh cju bkeghe nfah

ocbhtcbfsh.
B. Nheihht \keuacshe
Nheihht bhrc pkeuacshe nhdhaho cec hbhaho uetud nkehnjho whwhshe
 pknjh`h doususeyh nhohscswh nkegkehc pkegkthouhe tketheg Hsuohe
Dkpkrhwhthe Cju Ohnca Bkeghe Dfnpacdhsc Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh.

9
 JHJ CC

RCEMH[HE RKFZC

H. Dfeskp Bhshr \keyhdct

8. Bkicecsc
nfah hbhaho suhtu dkohncahe yheg bcthebhc bkeghe ohsca dfeskpsc yheg tcbhd jkrdknjheg nkemhbc knjrcf sktkaho ikrtcacshs
bhrc vcac dfrchacs bcskrthc bkeghe bkgkekrhsc ocbrfpcd jkruph gkaknjueg

yheg nkeykruphc heggur (Nhrthhbcsfkjrhth, :<<;). Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh (NO)

 jchsheyh tkrakthd bc rfeggh utkrus, ehnue dhbheg-dhbheg NO tkrakthd bc tujh
ihaafpc bhe jhodhe fvhrcun (@ueecegohn IG, :<8<). Nfah ocbhtcbfsh
hbhaho ghegguhe GRB ( gksthtcfeha trfpofjahstc` bcskhsk) bcnheh phbh
ghegguhe cec, nkdhecsnk yheg nkegkebhacdhe mhrceghe trfifjahstcd
nkeghahnc dkrushdhe skoceggh nkeykjhjdhe vcac dfrcfecd jkrdknjheg
hjefrnha nkemhbc strudtur 
 jkrcsc `hcrhe yheg nkeykruphc skdkafnpfd heggur. (@hrfa M. Grkke,
Mubcto N.Wcadcesfe. :<8:).
Dkscnpuahe, Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh hbhaho dkohncahe hjefrnha bcnheh
ohnpcr skauruo vcaac dhrcfacseyh nkeghahnc pkrujhohe ocbrfifjcd yheg
nkeykruphc heggur yheg bcpkeuoc bkeghe `hcrhe. Knjrcf nhtc bhe nfah
tunjuo bkeghe
`kpht, nknjkshreyh utkrus bhe nkegohscadhe skmunaho jkshr ounhe `ofrcfec`
gfehbftrfpce (o@G).

:. Dahscicdhsc
Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh bcdahscicdhscdhe nkemhbc Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh Dfnpact bhe
Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh \hrscha jkrbhshrdhe nfrifafgc, ocstfphtfafgc, bhe
dhryftcp (Bhithry bhe Bkshc, :<<9). Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh \hrscha ohrus bcpcshodhe
bhrc Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh Dfnpact, dhrkeh hethrh dkbuhehyh tkrbhpht pkrjkbhhe yheg
nkebhshr,
 jhcd bcacoht bhrc skgc phtfgkekscs (sctfgkektcd), dacecs, prfgefscs, nhupue
ghnjhrhe \H-eyh (Nhrthhbcsfkjrhth, :<<;).
h. Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh Dfnpact

7
 Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh Dfnpact nkruphdhe dkohncahe hjefrnha theph knjrcf
yheg skauruo vcac dfrchacseyh nkeghahnc bkgkekrhsc ocbrficd yheg nkeykruphc

7
heggur. Ncdrfsdfpcd thnphd kbknh strfnh vcac theph vhsduahrcshsc
bcskrthc ocpkrpahsch bhrc dkbuh ahpcshe trfifjahs (Phstrhwcehth P, :<<2).
\hbh whdtu yheg ahau Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh Dfnpact rhth-rhth tkrmhbc phbh usch
dkohncahe 89 nceggu, tkthpc phbh shht cec bkeghe dknhmuhe
tkdefafgc uatrhsfefgrhic, Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh Dfnpact bhpht bcbktcdsc phbh usch
dkohncahe yheg akjco nubh. Pk`hrh dacecs thnphd pknjkshrhe utkrus yheg akjco
jkshr bhrc usch dkohncahe bhe phscke nkacohtdhe gkmhah tfdscd dkohncahe.
Hjfrtus tkrmhbc bkeghe pkrbhrhohe hjefrnha bhe bcskrthc bkeghe dkauhreyh
mhrceghe nfah. \hbh
 pknkrcdshhe ahjfrhtfrcun tkrmhbc pkecegdhthe tctkr skrun κ ounhe
@ofrcfec` Gfehbftrfpce ( κ o@G) yheg munahoeyh bchths ?:,0;< na[/na
(Aunfeggh, :<<3). Pk`hrh nhdrfsdfpcd bcthebhc bkeghe gkaknjueg-gkaknjueg
putco, tknjus
 phebheg, jkrcsc `hcrhe mkreco bkeghe udurhe yheg jkrvhrchsc bhrc
jkjkrhph ncacnktkr shnphc 8-: `ketcnktkr. Nhssh tkrskjut bhpht tunjuo jkshr
skoceggh nknkeuoc utkrus (Pubcfef M, :<<8).
 j. Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh \hrscha
Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh \hrscha nkruphdhe dkhbhhe bcnheh pkrujhohe nfah
 jkrsciht afdha skrth jkaun jkgctu mhuo bhe nhsco tkrbhpht mhece hthu
skbcdcteyh dhetfeg hnecfe. (Pubcfef M, :<<8).
Pk`hrh nhdrfsdfpcs thnphd gkaknjueg nfah yheg bcskrthc mhece hthu
 jhgche bhrc mhece (Pubcfef M, :<<8). Nfah phrscha thnphd ghnjhrhe vcac yheg
efrnha bhe ubkn. \hbh nfah phrscha skrceg bcmunphc dfnpfeke mhece. \kebkrcth
skrceg bcmunphc phbh usch dkohncahe akjco tuh, yhctu 8?-:< nceggu.
\hbh
 pknkrcdshhe ahjfrhtfrcun, pkecegdhthe dhbhr skrun κ o@G tcbhd tkrahau
tceggc (Aunfeggh, :<<3).

Rhjka :.8 \krjkbhhe Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh \hrscha bhe Nfah

Ochbhtcbfsh Dfnpact
Ghnjhrhe Nfah Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh
Ocbhtfbfsh  Dfnpact
\hrscha
Dhryftcpk [nuneyh 93,___ 29,__ hthu h9,_S
hthu 93,__S
\htfafgc
Mhece Phrceg hb h Rcbhd hb h
Hnecfe, ska bhrho nkrho
?
 mhece Jchsheyh hbh Rcbhd hbh
Kbknh v caus Jkrvhrchsc i fdha Nkrhth
\rfacikrhsc trfifjahs Jkrvhrchsc, ifdha, Nkrhth
rceghe
oceggh skbheg

?
 Ghnjhrhe dacecs
Bchgefscs [durhe u tkrus  Ncsskb hjfrtcfe Gksthsc nfah
Dk`ca uetud dkohncahe
usch Mhrheg
;<% akjco jkshr bhrc usch dkohncahe
Dcsth t kdh-autkce 5:;% t krghetueg n fbhacths bchgefscs
Nkemhbc jkrdurheg bkeghe bchgefscs bcec
8;%- 2 %
\keyuact n kbcs Mhrheg

\keyhdct p hs`hnfahr 1 ;%
(Rok Hnkrc`he @faakgk fi Fjstktrc`ches heb Gyek`fafgcsts (H@FG), :<<2)
 

0. Ktcfafgc
\keykjhj phstc nfah ocbhtcbfsh tcbhd bcdkthouc. Ihdtfr-ihdtfr pkeykjhj
dkohncahe cec, nkacputc (Suahcdoho, :<<?)=
h. Fvun= fvun subho phtfafgcs skoceggh nhtc, ehnue tkrahnjht bcdkauhrdhe.
\knjuhohe ska tkaur bcnheh cetceyh tkaho ocaheg hthu tcbhd hdtci ahgc fako
skjuho ska spkrnh.
 j. Cnuefskakdtci bhrc trfifjahs
\krdknjheghe nfahocbhtcbfsh bcpkrdcrhdhe bcskjhjdhe fako
dkshahohe rkspfe cnue cju tkrohbhp cevhsc fako trfifjahs. Hdcjhteyh vcac
nkeghahnc bcstkesc dhyh eutrcket. \knjuauo bhrho prcnctcvk bc bhahn
vcaus
tcbhd 
tkrjketud bkeghe jhcd skoceggh knjrcf ‟ dkahphrhe–, nhtc, bhe bchjsfrpsc,
skbhegdhe trfifjahs tkrus tunjuo bhe phbh dkhbhhe tkrtketu nkeghbhdhe
cevhsc dkmhrceghe cju.
`. [sch
Ihdtfr usch yheg bcjhwho :< thoue bhe bchths 0; thoue bhpht
tkrmhbc dkohncahe nfah. Irkdukesc nfahocbhtcbfsh phbh dkohncahe yheg
tkrmhbc phbh hwha hthu hdocr usch sujur rkahtci tceggc. Ehnue tcbhd bhpht
bcpuegdcrc jhowh
 phbh usch jkrhph pue bhahn usch sujur bhpht tkrmhbc dkohncahe nfah.
b. Dkhbhhe sfscf-kdfefnc yheg rkebho
Bhahn nhsh dkohncahe dkpkrauhe hdhe zht-zht gczc nkecegdht. Oha
cec bcpkraudhe uetud nknkeuoc dkjutuohe pkrtunjuohe bhe
pkrdknjheghe
 mhece, bkeghe dkhbhhe sfscha kdfefnc yheg rkebho nhdh uetud

3
 nknkeuoc zht-zht gczc yheg bcpkraudhe tujuo durheg skoceggh nkeghdcjhtdhe
ghegguhe bhahn pkrtunjuohe bhe pkrdknjheghe mheceeyh.
k. \hrcths tceggc

3
 \hbh cju yheg jkrphrcths tceggc, `kebkrueg jkrkscdf tkrmhbc
dkohncahe nfahocbhtcbfsh dhrkeh trhunh dkahocrhe hthu pkeycnpheghe
trhesncsc sk`hrh gkektcd yheg bhpht bccbketcicdhscdhe bkeghe
pkegguehhe stcnuahebruahsc skpkrtc dafncike hthu nkeftrfpcrcs
(pkrgfeha). Ehnue mugh tcbhd bhpht bcpuegdcrc phbh prcncphrh pue bhpht
tkrmhbc dkohncahe nfahocbhtcbfsh.
i. Bkicsckesc prftkce
\rftkce hbhaho zht uetud nknjhegue mhrceghe-mhrceghe jhgche
tujuo skoujueghe bkeghe pkrtunjuohe mhece, pkrtunjuohe rhocn bhe juho
bhbh cju, dkpkrauhe hdhe zht prftkce phbh whdtu ohnca sheght nkecegdht
hphjcah dkdurheghe prftkce bhahn nhdhehe nkeghdcjhtdhe pkrtunjuohe
phbh mhece tcbhd sknpureh.
g. Ceikdsc vcrus bhe ihdtfr drfnfsfn yheg jkaun mkahs
Ceikdsc ncdrfjh bhpht nkegkehc sknuh frheg tkrnhsud whecth ohnca.
Nhsud hthu hbheyh ncdrfjh bhahn tujuo nheusch tcbhd skahau
nkecnjuadhe
 pkeyhdct ( bkskhsk ). Oha cec sheght tkrghetueg bhrc munaho ncdrfjh (dunhe
hthu vcrus) yheg tkrnhsud vcruakesceyh skth bhyh thohe tujuo.
o. Zcwhyht dkohncahe nfah skjkauneyh
Dkdhnjuohe nfahocbhtcbfsh bcmunphc phbh skdcthr 8-:% dhsus. Bhahn suhtu
dkmhbche tkrohbhp 8: pkekactche yheg tftha nke`hegdup ohnpcr
;<<< Dkahocrhe, irkdwkesc nfah hbhaho 8,0%. Bhahn suhtu uahshe
tketheg nfahocbhtcbfsh jkruaheg thpc phsheghe yheg jkrjkbh jcsh
bcscnpuadhe jhowh nuegdce tkrbhpht nhshaho ffsct prcnkr.

8<
2. \htowhy
8. Ih`tfr 
:. Hdcjht ceikdsc
Dknhtche fvun Nkeghahnc dktkrahnjhthe bhahn 0. \hrcths tceggc
2. Dkhbhhe
bcbhahn tujuo  pkegkauhrhe sf`cha kdfefnc
yheg aknho

;.  Bkicsckes
Nkeghahnc bkgkekrhsc c prftkce
9. \krbhrhohe
Mhegft-mhegft dfrcfe yheg tunjuo  pkrvhgcehn
 jkruaheg
 jkrghebh bhe nkeghebueg `hcrhe
Dcsth-dcsth dk`ca skpkrtc
heggur

Nfah ocbhtcbfsh Rcebhdhe cevhscvk

Rcebhdhe pknjkbhohe

ocstkrkdtfnc

Rkrputuseyh mhrceghe \krbhrhohe Ocpfvfaknch

shrhi 

\keuruehe RB Hekncs
 Eykrc Audh Fpkrhsc

Durhegeyh supahc bhrho dk fthd bhe

Eykrc Hdut supahc eutrcsc dk mhrceghe

Hbheyh audh fpkrhsc ,

Durheg pkegkthouhe \usceg bhe dkaknhohe icscd

 pkrhwhthe audh

Cetfakrhesc hdtcvcths
Cevhsc ncdrffrghecsnk
Zcscdf Ceikdsc
Punjkr= Eurhrci bhe Dusunh, :<8;

88
;. Nheciksthsc Dacecs
h. \krbhrhohe
\krbhrhoe utkrus ohnpcr jkrsciht uecvkrsha, bhe bhpht jkrvhrchsc bhrc
 jkr`hd shnphc pkrbhrhohe jkrht. \krbhrhohe nuegdce tkrmhbc skshht skjkaun
hjfrtus hthu, yheg akjco skrceg, tkrmhbc sk`hrh cetkrncttke skahnh jkjkrhph
nceggu shnphc jhodhe juahe. Kikd bkausc hdcjht ocpkrvfaunch yheg `udup
 jkrht bcjudtcdhe tkrmhbc phbh skjhgche whecth yheg nfaheyh akjco jkshr.
Dhbheg-dhbheg tkrmhbc pkrbhrhohe jkrht yheg tkrtutup bc bhahn
utkrus. Heknch bkicsckesc jksc skrceg bcmunphc bhe dhbheg-dhbheg
tkrbhpht krctrfpfcscs nkghafjahstcd, nuegdce hdcjht durhegeyh hsuphe
gczc dhrkeh nuha bhe nuetho bcskrthc nkecegdhteyh dkjutuohe ifaht trfifjahs
yheg `kpht
 jkrprfacikrhsc (@ueecegohn IG, :<<;).
 j. Ocpkrknkscs grhvcbhrun
Ocpkrknkscs grhvcbhrun yheg bcthebhc bkeghe nuha bhe nuetho yheg
 jkrht. Dkauohe ocpkrknkscs tkrbhpht phbh 82-8?% dhsus phbh dkohncahe
durheg bhrc :2 nceggu bhe dkauohe nuha nuetho tkrbhpht phbh NO bkeghe
tceggc iuebus utkrc akjco bhrc :2 nceggu. \hbh dkohncahe NO,
munaho ofrnfe kstrfgke bhe gfehbftrfpce dfrcfecd tkrahau tceggc bhe
nkeykjhjdhe ocpkrknkscs grhvcbhrun (Nheuhjh, :<<?).
`. [durhe utkrus akjco jkshr bhrc usch dkohncah
[tkrus skrceg nknjkshr akjco `kpht bhrcphbh jchsheyh. Cec hbhaho dkahcehe
yheg ktrskrceg bcmunphc, bhe phbh skdcthr skphruo dhsus, udurhe utkrus mkahs
nkakjcoc yhegyheg bcohrhpdhe jkrbhshrdh usch gksthsc. [tkrus nuegdce suact
bccbketcicdhsc sk`hrh phstc bkeghe phaphsc, tkruthnh phbh whecth
euaacphrh, dhrkeh dfescstkescey yheg auehd bc jhwho bcebceg hjbfnke yheg
dke`heg. Dhbheg-dhbheg fvhrcun sheght nknjkshr hdcjht dcsth-dcsth
tkdh autkce skoceggh suact bcjkbhdhe bhrc utkrus yheg nknjkshr
(@ueecegohn IG,
:<<;).
b. Hdtcicths mhece
Whahupue utkrus `udup nknjkshr skoceggh nke`hphc mhuo bc
hths scnicscs, jueyc mhetueg mhece jchsheyh tcbhd tkrbktkdsc. Whahupue

8
:
mhrheg, nuegdce tkrbhpht pahskth dknjhr bkeghe pkrdknjheghe
dkohncahe NOD 

8
:
  phbh shaho shtueyh, sknkethrh pahsketh ahce bhe mheceyh thnphd
efrnha (ghnjhr :.8:). bkncdche mugh, whahupue sheght mhrheg, pahsketh
nuegdce nkeghahnc pkrujhohe nfah yheg auhs tkthpc bcskrthc
mhece ocbup (@ueecegohn IG, :<<;).
k. Rhebh Rfdsknch/\rk-kdahnsch phbh dkohncahe trcsknkstkr 8
\rkkdahnsch phbh Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh Drfecd tcbhd jkrjkbh
bkeghe dkohncahe jchsh, jcsh rceghe, jkrht, jhodhe shnphc kdahnsch.
Oheyh shmh
 phbh NOD tkrmhbceyh akjco bcec. Oha yheg phaceg pketceg hbhaho dktkrdhcthe
NO bkeghe prkkdahnsch yheg nkekthp oceggh dk trcnkstkr dkbuh. Nknheg,
dhrkeh prkkdahnsch mhrheg bcmunphc skjkaun :2 nceggu, prkkdahnsch yheg
tkrmhbc skjkaun cec nkegcsyhrhtdhe NO (Akvkef DM, :<<2).
i. Dcsth autkce uecahtkrha/jcahtkrha
\hbh jheyhd dhsus NO, fvhrcun nkeghebueg jheyhd dcsth tkdh autkce
yheg bcpkrdcrhdhe tkrmhbc hdcjht stcnuahsc jkrakjcohe kaknke-kaknke autkce
fako ofrnfe gfehbftrfpce dfrcfe (o@G) bhahn munaho jkshr,
bhpht nkeghahnc tfrscf ceihrd, bhe pkrbhrhohe. Dhrkeh dcsth nkegk`ca
sktkaho nkahocrdhe, ffikrkdtfnc mheghe bcahdudhe, dk`uhac mcdh fvhrcun
nkeghahnc ceihrd yheg auhs (Akvkef DM, :<<2).
g. Knjfacshsc
Pkmunaho trfifjahs bkeghe hthu theph strfnh vcac dkauhr bhrc utkrus dk
vkeh phbh shht kvhduhsc. Pkjktuaeyh phbh sktchp dkohncahe skahau hbh ncgrhsc
ska trfifjahs dk pkrkbhrhe bhrho dknubche dk phru theph nknjkrc gkmhah
hphpue. Rkthpc phbh dhsus nfah dhbheg-dhbheg ska trfifjahs cec skbkncdche
 jheyhd skoceggh bhpht nkecnjuadhe knjfac phru hdut yheg
bhpht nkeykjhjdhe dknhtche. Munaho bhe vfaunk hdhe nkeketudhe
gkmhah bhe thebh bhrc knjfac phru hdut jhodhe hdcjht yheg ihtha,
whahupue dkihthahe
 mhrheg tkrmhbc.
Dhbheg-dhbheg bcskrthc gkmhah ahce yheg tcbhd jkroujueghe bkeghe
dkauohe fjstktrc, skpkrtc tcrftfdscdfscs, pkrbhrhohe ghstrfcetkstceha,
bkdfnpkeshsc dfrbcs, pkrbhrhohe cetrhdrhecha, pkrbhrhohe ghstrfcetkstceha,
bhe oknfptfk.

80
9. \knkrcdshhe \keuemheg
h. Ahjfrhtfrcun
Dhrhdtkrcstcd yheg tkrpketceg phbh pkeyhdct cec hbhaho dknhnpuhe bhahn
nknprfbudsc o@G, skoceggh munahoeyh nkecegdht akjco tceggc bcjhebcegdhe
dhbhr κ-o@G skohruseyh phbh usch dkohncahe yheg shnh. Ofrnfe cec bhpht
bcbktkdsc phbh skrun nhupue urce pkebkrcth bhe pknkrcdshhe yheg akjco
skrceg bcphdhc hbhaho κ-o@G duhetcthtci skrun. \knhethuhe sk`hrh ohtc-ohtc
bhrc dhbhr κ-o@G pketceg uetud bchgefscs, pkehthahdshehhe bhe tcebhd ahemut
 phbh sknuh dhsus pkeyhdct trfifjahstcd. Munaho κ-o@G yheg bctknudhe phbh
skrun hthu phbh urce jkroujueghe bkeghe munaho ska-ska tunfr
yheg hbh.Dhbhr O@G yheg mhuo akjco tceggc bhrc dkohncahe jchsh. \hbh
dkohncahe
 jchsh dhbhr O@G bhrho phaceg tceggc 8<<.<<< C[/A, skbhegdhe phbh
nfahocbhtcbfsh jcsh nke`hphc ;.<<<.<<< C[/A. [etud pknkrcdshhe
Ghaaac nhcecec 8/0<< suspkd nfah ocbhtcfsh bhe mcdh 8/:<<
dknuegdcehe nfah ocbhtcbfsh hthu gknkaac. \kegudurhe κ-o@G phbh urce
bkeghe dhbhr 58<<.<<< nC[ /na/:2 mhn bhpht bchegghp skjhghc nfah. [mc
Pfebk Pfebk bcnhsudhe sk`hrh pkahe ‐ pkahe bhe ohtc ‐ ohtc dkbhahn
skrvcds dhehacs bhe dhvun utkrc.Jcah tcbhd hbh thohehe, dknuegdcehe nfah.
 j. Iftf Zfetgke hjbfnke
Rcbhd tkracoht tuaheg-tuaheg mhece phbh dkohncahe 0-2 juahe.
`. [PG
Hdhe tkracoht jhyheghe jhbhc shamu bhe tcbhd tkracoht mhece, bhe skpkrtc shrheg
thwfe. Ghnjhrhe jkruph jhbhc shamu theph bcskrthc dhetfeg gksthsc hthu mhece
[PG cec nkruphdhe pknkrcdshhe pkeuemheg yheg spkscicd hethr dkohncahe
bkeghe nfah ocbhtcfsh. \hbh dkahcehe nfah, jketud dhrhdtkrcstcd
jkruph ghnjhrhe skpkrtc jhbhc shamu bkeghe hthu theph dhetfeg gksthsc hthu
mhece.
\knkrcdshhe cec skjhcdeyh bcahdudhe phbh sktchp phscke yheg
pkreho nkeghahnc pkrbhrhohe phbh trcnkstkr hwha dkohncahe bhe nkncacdc
utkrus akjco jkshr bhrc usch dkohncahe. [PG bhpht nkemhbc
pknkrcdshhe yheg spkscicd uetud nknjkbhdhe hethrh dkohncahe
efrnha bkeghe nfah ocbhtcbfsh. \hbh :<-;<% dhsus bcmunphc hbheyh

82
nhssh dcstcd bc bhkrho hbekdsh. Nhssh tkrskjut jkrhsha bhrc dcsth tkdh
autkce.

82
b. Hnecfgrhic
\kegguehhe jhohe rhbcfphd yheg bcnhsuddhe dk bhahn utkrus sk`hrh trhes
hjbfnceha hdhe nknjkrcdhe ghnjhrhe rhbcfgrhicd dohs phbh dhsus
nfah ocbhtcbfsh dhvun utkrc bctknjus bkeghe mhrun uetud hnecfsketkscs.
:< na Oyphquk bcsuetcddhe skgkrh bhe ;-8< nkect dknubche
bcjuht iftf hetkrfpfstkrcfr. \fah scehr _ skpkrtc shrheg thwfe, dohs
bctcnjuadhe fako
 jhohe dfetrhs yheg nkegkacacegc gkafnjheg-gkafnjheg dfrcfe.
Bkeghe sknhdce jheyhdeyh shrheh [PG yheg tkrskbch tkdecd pknkrcdshhe
hnecfgrhic cec subho mhrheg bcphdhc ahgc. Jhohe rhbcfphq yheg
bcnhsudhe dk bhahn utkrus hdhe nknjkrcdhe ghnjhrhe skpkrtc shrheg
thwfe.
k. [mc sfebk Ohecih
Pfebk bcnhsudhe pkahe-pkahe bhe ohtc-ohtc dk bhahn dhehacs skrvcdhacs bhe
`hvun utkrc . jcah tcbhd hbh thohehe sfebk bcputhr sktkaho bcthrcd skbcdct jcah
tkthp tcbhd hbh thohehe nhdh dknuegdcehe hbhaho nfah.
i. Iftf tofrhx
[etud nkacoht nkthsthsk.

g. R0bhe R2
[etud nknjudtcdhe gkmhah tcrftfdscdfscs. (Hrci nhesmfkr,bdd,:<<8=:99)

7. \kehthahdshehhe
h. Durkthsk cshp (su`tcfe `urktthgk)
Hphjcah phscke nkegcegcedhe dkturuehe bc dknubche ohrc, pkeheghehe
yheg bcpcaco hbhaho kvhduhsc mhrceghe nfah bkeghe durkthsk cshp. Buh shnphc

knpht uect bhrho ohrus tkrskbch dhrkeh kvhduhsc bhpht bcskrthc bkeghe
dkocaheghe bhrho yheg jheyhd sktkaho kvhduhsc hwha, dfetrhdsc utkrus
bcrhegsheg bkeghe fdsctfsce cetrhvkeh uetud nkegurhegc dkocaheghe bhrho.
Mhrceghe-mhrceghe scsh bcjkrscdhe bkeghe durkthsk thmhn, spkscnkeeyh bcdcrcn
sk`hrh tkrpcsho dk ahjfrhtfrcun phtfafgc.
j. Ocstkrkdtfnc hjbfnceha
\hbh nfah cec nkruphdhe suhtu hatkrehtci ahce jhgc phscke yheg tcbhd ahgc
nkegcegcedhe dkohncahe bc dknubche ohrc. Ocstkrkdtfnc
nkeycegdcrdhe dknuegdcehe jkriuegsceyh ska-ska trfifjahstcd yheg tkrtceggha

8
;
bc bhahn utkrus

sktkaho durkthsk cshp bhe nkegurhc rkscdf pkeyhdct trfifjahstcd rkscbuha

8
;
 shnphc 0-;% dkputushe nkegkehc shapcegf-ffifrkdtfnc hbhaho tkrskebcrc
sktkaho pkegkauhrhe nfah bhe pkegurheghe stcnuahs `ofrcfec` gfehbftrfpce,
dcsth tkdh-autkce fvhrcun nkeghahnc rkgrksc sk`hrh spfethe. \keghegdhthe
bkeghe pknjkbhohe oheyh bcpkraudhe jcah hbh dhcthe bkeghe tfrsc
hthu
 pkrbhrhohe.
`. \rfgrhn ahemut
Pktkaho kvhduhsc suhtu dkohncahe nfah phscke bchnhtc bkeghe skdshnh
tkrohbhp skrhegdhche tctkr `ofrcfec` gfehbftrfpce (O@G),
nkegguehdhe rhbcfcnnuefhsshy uetud sujnct jkth, sktchp shtu hthu buh
nceggu shnphc ekghtcvk. Ocahegeyh O@G sk`hrh sknpureh bcpkrdcrhdhe
tkrmhbc bhahn 3-8; nceggu sktkaho pkegfsfeghe utkrus. \hscke bcshrhedhe
uetud nkegocebhrc dkohncahe shnphc tctkr `ofrcfec` gfehbftrfpce ekghtcvk
skahnh shtu thoue. Jchsheyh bcjkrcdhe dfetrhskpsc frha kstrfgke-
prfgkstce. \kavcs bcpkrcdsh sk`hrh jkrdhah uetud nkecahc udurhe utkrus,
hbekdsh uetud dcsth tkdh-autkce, bhe trhdtus gkecthacs jhgche jhwho uetud
nkthsthsk.
Hphjcah : tctkr `ofrcfec` gfehbftrfpce yheg jkruruthe sthjca (pahtku) hthu
nkecegdht hthu hphjcah thnphd hbheyh nkthsthsk, phscke ohrus
bckvhauhsc tkrohbhp dkghehshe ekfpahsch trfpfjahstcd gksthscfeha bhe
dknftkrhpc. Ohnpkr 8;-:<% phscke bkeghe Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh
jkrdknjheg gkmhah dkghehshe ssktktha durkthsk cshp. Bhrc dkafnpfd cec
ohnpkr ?<% nkebkrcth
 pkeyhdct trfifjahstcd efe nkthsthtc` skbhegdhe yheg :<%
nkebkrcth nkthsthsk dkauhr jhths utkrus, phaceg skrceg dk phru-phru hthu
vhgceh. Pkahce tctkr `ofrcfec` gfehbftrfpce yheg pkrscstke hthu nkecegdht,
gkmhah dkghehshe ekfpasch trfifjahstcd gksthscfeha nkacputc pkrbhrhohe
pkrvhgcehn yheg
 pkrscstke, pkebhrhohe cetrh hjbfnceha bhe aksc pkrbhrhohe bc phru-
phru, okphr, fthd, hthu fghe-frghe ahceeyh.

?. Dfnpacdhsc
h. Dfnpacdhsc efe nhacgeh
8) \krifrhsc utkrus

89
Pkahnh dkohncahe dhbheg-dhbheg tkrmhbc bhe mcdh tkrmhbc pkrifrhsc utkrus,
durkthsk ohrus bcoketcdhe. Ahphrfsdfpc hthu ahphrftfnc ohrus bcahdudhe

uetud nkegkthouc tknpht tkrmhbceyh pkrifrhsc.

89
 :) \krbhrhohe
Nkruphdhe dfnpacdhsc yheg tkrmhbc skjkaun skahnh bhe jhodhe sktkaho
tcebhdhe durkthsk. Fako dhrkeh ctu fdsctfsce cetrhvkeh bcahdudhe skjkaun
nknuahc tcebhdhe durkthsk skoceggh nkegurhegc dkmhbche pkrbhrhohe cec.
0) Knjfacsnk trfpfjahstcd 
Bhpht nkeykjhjdhe cesuicsckesc pkrehphshe hdut. Ihdtfr rkscdf
tkrjkshr tkrmhbc phbh utkrus yheg akjco jkshr bhrc yheg bcohrhpdhe
phbh usch gksthsc 89 nceggu. Dkhbhhe cec jcsh ihtha.
2) Ceikdsc phbh skvcdha hthu vhgceh
\krifrhsc phbh bcebceg utkrus yheg tcpcs skahnh kvhduhsc nfah
bhpht nkeykjhjdhe pkeykjhrhe ceikdsc. Zuptur utkrc spfethe jcsh tkrmhbc
phbh nfah jkecgeh bhe nfah nhacgeh.
 j. Dfnpacdhsc nhacgeh
Nfah cevhsci hthu dfrcfdhrscefnh jkrdknjheg phbh :< % dhsus nfah bhe
cbketcicdhsc phscke pketceg uetud tcebhdhe skahemuteyh sktkaho nfah dfnpact
cevhsc utkrc tkrmhbc phbh 8; % phscke bhe nkthsthsk 2 phscke. Rcbhd tkrbhpht
dhsus dfrcfdhrscefnh yheg bcahpfrdhe skaho tkrmhbc nfah
ce`fnpaktk nksdcpue hbh mugh yheg nkemhbc pkeyhdct trfpfjahstcd efe
nkthsthsk yheg nkekthp yheg nknjutuodhe dknftkrhpc. \hbh pkebkrcth
nfah yheg ahemut bhpht tkrmhbc jkjkrhph dfnpacdhsc skjhghc jkrcdut=
8) Heknch
:) Pyfd
0) \rkkdahnpsc hthu Kdahnpsch
2) Rcrftfdscdfscs
;) Ceikdsc skduebkr 
9) \krifrhsc dhrkeh dkghehshe bhe dhrkeh tcebhdhe
7) Nkemhbc ghehs (\RG) phbh dcrh ‐ dcrh 8?-:<% dhsus, hdhe nkemhbc
nfah bkstrukes hthu dfrcfdhrscefnh.

87
J. Dfeskp Bhshr Hsuohe Dkpkrhwhthe

8. \kegdhmche
Bcpkraudhe pkegdhmche yheg `krnht bhe tkactc uetud nkegkthouc nhshaho
 phscke bkeghe tkpht, skjhj pkegdhmche nkruphdhe hwha bhrc prfsks dkpkrhwhthe.

Dkjkrohscahe prfsks dkpkrhwhthe tkrghetueg bhrc pkegdhmche.

h. Jcfbhth
Nkegdhmc cbketcths dacke bhe pkeheggueg yheg nkacputc= ehnh, unur, hghnh,
sudu jhegsh, pkebcbcdhe, pkdkrmhhe, sthtus pkrdhwcehe, pkrdhwcehe
dk-, ahnheyh pkrdhwcehe bhe hahnht.
 j. Hahshe Nhsud Zunho Phdct
`. Dkauohe uthnh
Dhmc hbheyh nkestruhsc tcbhd ahe`hr bhe hbheyh pkrbhrhohe pkrvhgcehn
 jkruaheg
b. Zcwhyht dkskohthe skdhrhegShctu dkauohe shnphc shht dacke pkrgc dk Zunho
Phdct hthu phbh shht pkegdhmche skpkrtc pkrbhrhohe pkrvhgcehn bc auhr scdaus
ohcb, pknjkshrhe utkrus akjco jkshr bhrc usch dkohncahe.
k. Zcwhyht dkskohthe nhsh ahau=
8) Zcwhyht pknjkbhohe
Dhmc hbheyh pknjkbhohe yheg pkreho bchahnc fako dacke, mkecs
 pknjkbhohe, dhphe, fako schph bhe bc nheh tcebhdhe tkrskjut
 jkrahegsueg.
:) Zcwhyht pkeyhdct yheg pkreho bchahnc
Dhmc hbheyh pkeyhdct yheg pkreho bchahnc fako dacke ncshaeyh BN,
 mhetueg, ocpkrtkesc, nhshaho gcekdfafgc/urcehrc, pkeyhdct kebfdrce, bhe
 pkeyhdct-pkeyhdct ahceeyh.
i. Zcwhyht dkskohthe dkauhrgh.
Dhmc nkegkehc pkeyhdct turuehe bhe pkeyhdct nkeuahr yheg tkrbhpht bhahn
dkauhrgh.
g. Zcwhyht Fjstktrc Gcekdfafgc
8) Zcwhyht Gcekdfafgc
h) Zcwhyht Nkestruhsc
Dhmc tketheg Nkehr`ok, ahnheyh ohcb, scdaus, jheyhdeyh, sciht bhrho
(whreh, jhu, `hcr/gunphahe, bcsnkefr), O\OR, thiscrhe pkrshacehe.
 j) Zcwhyht \krdhwcehe (suhnc bhe cstrc)
Dhmc usch pkrdhwcehe, ahnh pkrdhwcehe, pkrecdhohe yheg dk-jkrhph.
`) Zcwhyht dfetrhskpsc
Dhmc mkecs dfetrhskpsc yheg bcguehdhe skjkaun ohnca, whdtu
bhe ahnh pkegguehhe, nhshaho bhahn pkegguehhe `hrh tkrskjut,
mkecs dfetrhskpsc yheg hdhe bcahdshehdhe sktkaho pkrshacehe
skdhrheg,
 munaho hehd yheg bcrke`hehdhe dkauhrgh.
:) Zcwhyht Fjstktrc
h) Zcwhyht dkohncahe, pkrshacehe, bhe ecihs yheg ahau
G….. \…… H…..O....
8?
 Rga [nur  MkecsRknpht Mkecs   Dkhbhhe
Nhshaho
phrtuspkefafeg hehd
phrtus dkohncahe dkahnce
Ef JJ
Ohnca Ahocr Ecihs Jhyc

 j) Zcwhyht dkohncahe skdhrheg


Dacke nkrhsh ohnca .....juahe.
 Dkauohe whdtu ohnca.
 Gkrhdhe hehd pkrthnh bcrhshdhe.
 Cnuecshsc.
 \kehnjhohe JJ skahnh ohnca.
 \knkrcdshhe dkohncahe tkrhtur/tcbhd.
 Rknpht pknkrcdshhe bhe ohsca pknkrcdshhe.
o.\kegdhmche \fah Dkjutuohe Bhshr 
8)\krskpsc bhe \keheghehe Dkskohthe
Nkegghnjhrdhe pkrskpsc, pknkacohrhhe bhe pkeheghehe dkskohthe. \krskpsc tkrohbhp hrtc dkskohthe, bhe p
tumuhe, pkegkthouhe tketheg prhdtkd dkskohthe. Dfnpfeke=

h) Ghnjhrhe dkskohthe sk`hrh unun bhe shht cec,

 j) Hahshe duemueghe bhe ohrhphe,
`) Ghnjhrhe tkrohbhp shdct bhe pkeykjhjeyh bhe pkeheghehe yheg bcahdudhe=

 Dkphtuohe tkrohbhp pkegfjhthe

 \ke`kghohe/tcebhdhe bhahn nkemhgh dkskohthe

 \kegguehhe fjht rkskp bhe whrueg.

b) \kegguehhe prfbud hthu zht bcbhahn dkocbuphe skohrc-ohrc bhe

irkdukesc (ncsha= rfdfd, hadfofa)
k) \kegguehhe haht dkhnhehe bcrunho/skohrc-ohrc, bhe ihdtfr rkscdf tcnjuaeyh
 pkeyhdct
i) Ghnjhrhe dkskohthe dkauhrgh
:) Eutrcsc-Nkthjfacd 
Nkegghnjhrdhe cethdk nhdhehe, dkskcnjheghe `hcrhe bhe kakdtrfact, ehisu
nhdhe, pfah nhdhe, bckt, iaudtuhsc JJ bhahn 9 juahe tkrhdocr, dksuacthe nkekahe,
nuha/nuetho, dkjutuohe muaho zht gczc, nhshaho/ pkeyknjuohe duact,
hdhehe dksudhhe. Dfnpfeke=
h) Ghnjhrhe yheg jchsh bcnhdhe (phgc,scheg,sfrk,seh`d)
 j) Rcpk bhe cethdk `hcrhe

83
`) Ghnjhrhe jhghcnheh ehisu nhdhe, dksuacthe bhe dkauohe yheg nknpkeghruoc
nhdhe bhe ehisu nhdhe
b) \kegguehhe fjht bckt
k) Nhdhehe dksudhhe, phetheghe,hakrgc
i) \kegguehhe supaknke nhdhehe
g) Ghnjhrhe JJ, pkrujhohe JJ bhahn 9-3 jae
o) \krujhohe phbh duact (aksc, dkrceg, nknjkegdhd,ghtha)
c) \rfsks pkeyknjuohe audh (`kpht-ahnjht)
 m) Hbhdho ihdtfr rkscdf tkrdhct ua`kr duact (pkeuruehe scrduahsc, bkicsct
skesfrc,pkeuruehe nfjcacths)
0) Kacncehsc
Nkegghnjhrdhe pfah iuegsc kdsrksc, dhebueg dknco bhe duact. Dfnpfeke=
h) Jkrhph dhac ncdsc bhahn skohrc, dhrhdtkrcstcd urce
 j) Hbhdho nhshaho bhahn prfsks ncdsc, hbhdho pkegguehhe haht jhetu
uetud ncdsc
`) Ghnjhrhe pfah JHJ, dhrhdtkrctcd
b) \kegguehhe haht jhetu
k) Jhu jhbhe, dkrceght jkrakjco, aksc bhe
prurctus 2) Hdtcvcths-Ahtcohe
Nkegghnjhrdhe pfah hdtcvcths bhe ahtcohe, iuegsc pkrehihshe bhe scrduahsc.
Dfnpfeke=
h) Ghnjhrhe akvka hdtcvcths, dkgchthe skohrc-ohrc bhe fahorhgh
 j) Hdtcvcths shht skeggheg/whdtu auheg
`) Hphdho nkeghahnc dksuacthe bhahn jkrehihs, aknho, jhtud,
eykrc bhbh,phapcthsc,eykrc phbh tuegdhc, ghnjhrhe bhahn pknkeuohe HBA=
Akvka Iuegscfeha (<-CY), Dkduhthe Ftft (8-;)
;) Rcbur-Cstcrhoht
Nkegghnjhrdhe pfah tcbur-cstcrhoht bhe pkrskpsc phbh akvka kekrgc.
Dfnpfeke=
h) Jkrhph ahnh tcbur bcnhahn ohrc
 j) Mhn jkrhph tcbur-Jhegue
`) Hphdho tkrhsh kikdtci 

:<
b) Hbhdho dkjchshhe skjkaun tcbur 
k) Hphdho nkeghahnc dksuacthe bhahn
tcbur 9)
Dfgectci-\krskpsc
Nkegghnjhrdhe pfah pkebkeghrhe, pkegacohthe, pkegk`hp, thdtca pke`cunhe,
 pkrskpsc eykrc, jhohsh, nknfrc bhe pkeghnjcahe dkputushe. Dfnpfeke=
h) Dknhnpuhe nkeuacs bhe nknjh`h
 j) Dknhnpuhe jkrjhohsh
`) Dknhnpuhe jkahmhr 
b) dksuacthe bhahn nkebkeghr 
k) \kegguehhe haht jhetu nkebkeghr/nkacoht
i) Jhghcnheh vcsus
g) Hbhdho dkauohe pusceg jhghcnheh ghnjhrheeyh
o) Hphdho nkeghahnc ceskesctcvcths tkrohbhp bcegce, phehs, eykrc
c) Hphdho nkrhsh eykrc (Pdhah bhe dhrhdktkrcstcd)
7) \krskpsc Bcrc-Dfeskp Bcrc
Nkegghnjhrdhe scdhp tkrohbhp bcrc bhe pkrskpsc tkrohbhp dknhnpuhe, ohrgh
bcrc, ghnjhrhe bcrc bhe pkrhshhe tkrohbhp bcrc skebcrc. Dfnpfeke=
h) Jhghcnheh nkegghnjhrdhe bcrc skebcrc
 j) Hphdho hbh dkmhbche yheg hdocreyh nkegujho ghnjhrhe tkrohbhp bcrc
`) Hph oha yheg phaceg nkemhbc pcdcrhe
b) Hphdho skrceg nkrhsh nhrho, `knhs, bkprksc, thdut, jhghcnheh ghnjhrheeyh
?) \krhe-Oujueghe
Nkegghnjhrdhe dkkikdtcihe oujueghe bhe pkrhe bkeghe dkauhrgh-
ahceeyh. Dfnpfeke=
h) Jhghcnheh ghnjhrhe pkeghturhe dkocbuphe (ocbup skebcrc/jkrshnh)
 j) Hphdho nknpueyhc frheg bkdht6Jhghcnheh duhacths oujueghe6\uhs6
`) Hphdho hbh pkrjkbhhe pkrhe bhahn dkauhrgh, hphdho hbh shaceg dktkrcdhthe
b) Jhghcnheh bhahn nkeghnjca dkputushe bhe pkeykakshche dfeiacd 
k) Jhghcnheh dkhbhhe dkuheghe
i) Hphdho nknpueyhc dkgchthe sfscha6

3) Pkdsuhacths-Zkprfbudsc

:
8
 Nkegghnjhrdhe dkpuhshe/nhshaho bhahn skdsuhacths-rkprfbudsc. Dfnpfeke=
h) Hphdho dkocbuphe skdsuha hdtci 
 j) Hphdho nkegguehdhe haht jhetu/pkacebueg
`) Hphdho nkeghahnc dksuacthe/pkrujhohe bhahn pknkeuohe dkjutuohe skds
b) Dousus whecth= RNH, ghnjhrhe pfah ohcb, usch nkehrdok/ nkefphusk rcwhyht
dkohncahe, nhshaho tkrdhct bkeghe ohcb
8<) Dfpceg-Rfakrhesc Ptrks
Nkegghnjhrdhe dknhnpuhe uetud nkeheghec strks bhe nkegguehdhe scstkn
 pkebudueg. Dfnpfeke=
h) Hphdho hbh pkrujhohe jkshr bhahn dkocbuphe bhahn jkjkrhph thoue tkrhdocr 
 j) Bhahn nkegohbhpc nhshaho hph yheg bcahdudhe6kikdtci6
`) Hphdho hbh frheg ahce tknpht jkrjhgc6hphdho frheg tkrskjut hbh shnphc
skdhrheg6
b) Hphdho hebh skahau shethc/tkgheg sktchp shht
k) Hbhdho pkegguehhe fjht/zht tkrtketu
88) Ecahc-Dkpkr`hyhhe
Nkegghnjhrdhe spcrctuhacths, ecahc, scstkn dkpkr`hyhhe bhe tumuhe bhahn
ocbup. Dfnpfeke=
h) Hphdho hebh skahau nkebhphtdhe hph yheg bccegcedhe
 j) Hbhdho tumuhe,`cth-`cth,rke`heh bc nhsh yheg hdhe bhtheg
`) Hbhdho ecahc hthu dkpkr`hyhhe prcjhbc yheg cdut jkrpkeghruo
b) Hphdho hghnh nkruphdhe oha pketceg bhahn ocbup6 Ghnjhrdhe. 
c. \knkrcdshhe Icscd 
8) \knkrcdshhe phaphsc utkrus
h) Akjco jkshr bhrc usch dkohncahe (;<-9<%)
 j) Jkshreyh shnh bkeghe usch dkohncahe (:<-:;%)
`) Akjco dk`ca bhrc usch dkohncahe (;-8<%)
:) \haphsc auehd skauruoeyh
h) Rcbhd tkrhjh jhgcshe mhece
 j) Rkrbhpht jketud hscnktrcs, jhgche nkefemfa hghd phbht-nfah bkstruke.
0) Gkekthach bhe \krcekun=
h) Dkjkrscohe= tkrbhpht akebcr jkr`hnpur bhrho bhe hcr.

::
:. Bchgefscs
h. Ocpfvfaknch jkroujueghe bkeghe dkocaheghe `hcrhe
hdtci 
 j. Eykrc hdut jkroujueghe bkeghe hgke pke`kbkrh icscd 
`. Cetfakrhesc hdtcvcths jkroujueghe bkeghe dkaknhohe
b. Zcscdf ceikdsc jkroujueghe bkeghe kikd prfskbur
cevhsci 

:
0
0. Cetkrvkesc Dkpkrhwhthe

Ef Bchgefsh Rumuhe b he D hsca Cetkrvkesc Zhscfeha

rctkrch O (PCDC)
(PADC)
8 Ocpfvfaknch Auhrhe [thnh= Pthtus @hcrhe Cetkrvkesc [thnh= Fjskrvhsc
 jkroujueghe Pktkaho bcahdudhe hsuohe Nhehmknke Ocpfvfaknch 8.Ocpftkesc (tkrnhsud
Fjskrvhsc  pfsturha),thdocdhrbch,bknhn
dkpkrhwhthe skahnh 0 x :2
bkeghe dkocaheghe 8. \krcdsh thebh bhe bhpht nkeuemudherkspfe
`hcrhe hdtci  mhn sthtus `hcrhe nknjhcd gkmhah oypfvfaknch (ncs. tkrohbhp bhe /hthu kikd
irkdukesc ehbc nkecegdht, ehbc dkocaheghe `hcrhe
bkeghe drctkrch ohsca=
tkrhjh aknho, tkdhehe bhrho :. Nknkeuoc sthtus `hcrhe
8. Dkduhthe ehbc nkecegdht (;) nkeurue, tkdhehe ehbc bhe eutrcsc phscke bhpht
:. Rurgfr duact nkecegdht (;) nkeyknpct, turgfr duact nkecegdhtdhe
0. Irkdukesc ehbc nknjhcd (;) nkeurue, nknjrhe  prfsks pkeyknjuohe
2. Rkdhehe bhrho nknjhcd (;) nudfsh dkrceg, vfaunk urce Rkrhpcutcd
;. Rkdhehe ehbc nknjhcd (;) nkeurue, oknhtf`rct 8. Nknkeuoc sthtus `hcrhe
9. Nknjrhe nudfsh nkecegdht, ohus, aknho) bhe eutrcsc phscke bhpht
nknjhcd (;) :. Nfectfr cethdk bhe futput `hcrhe nkecegdhtdhe
7. Dhbhr Oj nknjhcd (;) Rkrhpcutcd   prfsks pkeyknjuohe
Auhrhe Rhnjhohe= 8. Octueg dkjutuohe `hcrhe :. Nknjkrcdhe ceifrnhsc tketheg
Rcegdht :. Jkrcdhe hsuphe `hcrhe frha dkskcnjheghe `hcrhe
\krbhrhohe Kbudhsc
Pktkaho bcahdudhe hsuohe 8. Hemurdhe nknpkrjheyhd Kbudhsc
hsuphe 8. uetud nknpkrtohedhe
dkpkrhwhthe skahnh 0 x :2 `hcrhe frha dkskcnjheghe `hcrhe bhahn
mhn tcegdht pkrbhrhohe nkeurue Dfahjfrhsc tujuo.
8. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche `hcrhe Dfahjfrhsc
bkeghe drctkrch ohsca= CY csftfecs (ncs. Eh@a, ZA) 8. Nknkeuoc sthtus `hcrhe
:.   Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche `hcrhe bhe eutrcsc phscke bhpht
CY nkecegdhtdhe

8. Dkaknjhphe nknjrhe ocpftfecs (ncs. gaudfsh :,;  prfsks pkeyknjuohe

nudfsh nkecegdht (;) %, :. Nknkeuoc sthtus `hcrhe bhe
 Eh@a <,2%)

:. \nkkrebuhrruheoh (e; ) phs`h 0. D D f a h j f r hs c

d f af c b ( n cs.
p k j krc he
fpkrhsc ha ju n ce , p a h
` h cr h e
snh e h t k )
0. Oknfgafjce nknjhcd (;) hehrhboc nknjhcd (;) Auhrhe
2. Rkdhehe bhrho nknjhcd (;) Rhnjhohe= Dfetrfa Eykrc
;. Puou tujuo nknjhcd (;) Pktkaho bcahdudhe hsuohe
 peruftrsckssc pkhescykken
bjhupohht enkecegdhtdhe
2. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche
prfbud bhrho
Cetkrvkesc \kebudueg

dkpkrhwhthe skahnh 0 x :2 mhn

: Eykrc hdut Auhrhe [thnh= Rcegdht Eykrc Cetkrvkesc [thnh=
jkroujueghe bkeghe Pktkaho bcahdudhe hsuohe \knjkrche
hgke pke`kbkrh icscd 
dkpkrhwhthe skahnh 0 x :2 hehagkscd 
Fjskrvhsc
mhn tcegdht eykrc nkeurue bkeghe
8. Cbketcicdhsc dhrhdtkrcstcd
drctkrch ohsca= eykrc (ncs. pke`ktus, pkrkbh,
8. Dkauohe eykrc nkeurue (;) duhacths, afdhsc, cetkescths,
:. Nkrcegcs nkeurue (;) irkdukesc, burhsc)
0. Pcdhp prftkdtci nkeurue (;) :. Cbketcicdhsc rcwhyht hakrgc
2. Gkacsho nkeurue (;) fjht
;. Dksuacthe tcbur nkeurue (;) 0. Cbketcicdhsc dksksuhche
mkecs hehagkscd (ncs.
7979. RIRIrkkddhuekhees cb
ehrdftcdh, efe- ehrdftcdh,
:
 hthu EPHCB) bkeghe 0. Nknkeuoc sthtus `hcrhe
tcegdht dkphrhohe eykrc bhe eutrcsc phscke bhpht
2. Nfectfr thebh-thebhnkecegdhtdhe
vctha  prfsks pkeyknjuohe
skjkaun bhe sksubho 2. pkegghetche `hcrhe
pknjkrche hehagkscd  uetud nknpkrjhcdc
dkocaheghhe/heknch.
;. Nfectfr kikdtcicths
Fjskrvhsc
hehagkscd 
8.Bhphtnkegcbketcicdhsc
Rkrhpkutcd 
tkrmhbceyh dfnpacdhsc bhe
uetud cetkrvkesc skahemuteyh.
:. uetud nkegkthouc hbheyh hakrgc
tkrtketu
0. uetud nke`kgho
tkrmhbceyh dkshahohe fjht yheg
bcjkrcdhe
2. uetud nkegkthouc
dfebcsc
 phscke skjkaun bhe
sksubho bcjkrcdhe hehagksc`
;. uetud nkegkthouc
dfebcsc

 pbhcjskckrecd hes hkejhkaaguknsc `

bhe sksubho

Rkrhpcutcd

:
dfetrfa eykrc nkeurue bkeghe 8. R kthpdhe thrgkt 8. uetud nkegkthouc dfebcsc
kikdtcicths
drctkrch ohsca=
hehagkscd uetud    phscke skjkaun bhe sksubho
nkegfptcnhadhe rkspfes phscke bcjkrcdhe hehagksc`
8. Dknhnpuhe nkegkehac feskt :. uetud nkegkthouc kikd
:. Bfdunkethscdhe rkspfes
eykrc nkecegdht (;) bhrc hehagksc` yheg bcjkrcdhe
tkrohbhp kikd hehagkscd bhe
:. Dknhnpuhe nkegkehac
kikd yheg tcbhd bccegcedhe
 pkeykjhj eykrc nkecegdht (;)
Kbudhsc
0. Dknhnpuhe nkegguehdhe
8. Mkahsdhe kikd tkrhpc bhe Kbudhsc
tkdecd efe-ihrnhdfafgcs (;) kikd shnpceg fjht 8. hghr phscke nkegkthouc
kikd bhrc pknjkrche fjht hehagksc`
2. Dkauohe eykrc nkeurue (;)
Dfahjfrhsc
8. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche bfscs bhe Dfahjfrhsc
 mkecs hehagkscd, sksuhc cebcdhsc 8. uetud nkegurhegc rhsh eykrc
yheg bcrhshdhe phscke
Nhehmknke Eykrc  
Fjskrvhsc
8. Cbketcicdhsc afdhsc, Fjskrvhsc
dhrhdtkrcstcd, burhsc, 8. Bhpht
irkdukesc, duhacths,
cetkescths eykrc nkegcbket cicdhsc tkrmhbceyh
dfnpacdhsc bhe uetud
:. Cbketcicdhsc sdhah eykrc
cetkrvkesc skahemuteyh.
0. Cbketcicdhsc rkspfes eykrc :. Nkegkthouc skjkrhph eykrc
efe vkrjha yheg bcrhshdhe dacke
2. Cbketcicdhsc ihdtfr 0. Nknjkrc ceif uetud nkegdhmc
yheg nknpkrjkrht bhe rkspfe tkrohbhp cetkrvkesc.
nknpkrceghe eykrc 2. Nknjkrc ceif uetud nkegdhmc
rkspfe tkrohbhp cetkrvkesc

;. Cbketcicdhsc pkegkthouhe bhe sunj

dkyhdcehe tketheg eykrc strhtk
9. Cbketcicdhsc pkeghruo eykrc phbh
duhacths ocbup
7. Nfectfr dkjkrohscahe
tkrhpc dfnpaknketkr yheg
subho bcjkrcdhe
?. Nfectfr kikd shnpceg
 pkegguehhe hehagktcd 
Rkrhpkutcd 
8. Jkrcdhe tkdecd
efeihrnhdfafgcs uetud
nkegurhegc rhsh eykrc (ncs.
RKEP, oypefscs,
hduprksur, tkrhpc
nuscd, jcfikkbjh`d,  tkrhpc
pcmht, hrfnhtkrhpc, tkdecd
cnhmcehsc tkrjcnjceg, dfnprks
oheght/bcegce, tkrhpc jkrnhce)
:. Dfetrfa acegdueghe yheg
nknpkrjkrht rhsh eykrc (ncs.
suou ruheghe, pke`hohyhhe,
dkjcsceghe)
0. Ihscacthsc cstcrhoht bhe tcbur 
2. \krtcnjhegdhe mkecs bhe
2
;. [etud nknjkrcdhe ceifrnhsc eykrc yheg bcrhshdhe phscke

9. [eyektrucd y hnegk nbcjrhksrchddhhee pcehsifckrenhsc

7. [etud nkegkthouc dkjkrohscahe tkrhpc dfnpaknketkr yg bcjkrcdhe
 phbh phscke
?. [etud nkegkthouc kikd yheg hdhe bcrhshdhe phscke

Rkrhpcutcd 
8. uetud nkegurhegc pkrskpsc eykrc hthu nheghacodhe
 pkrohtche dacke bhrc eykrc.

:. yNhekng jtkhremhtub c pnhkbehg puhrshcekgec. eykrc

0. uetud nkegurhegc pkrskpsc eykrc hthu nheghacodhe

 pkrohtche dacke bhrc eykrc.

2
 nkrkbhdhe eykrc 2. [etud nkegkthouc
Kbudhsc sunjkr eykrc yheg bcrhshdhe
8. Mkahsdhe pkeykjhj, pkrcfbk, bhe nknjkrcdhe cetkrvkesc
bhe yheg tkpht
 pknc`u eykrc Kbudhsc
:. Mkahsdhe strhtkgc nkrkbhdhe 8. nknjkrcdhe ceifrnhsc pknc`u
eykrc phbh phscke
eykrc
:. nkeyusue cetkrvkesc yheg hdhe
0. Hemurdhe nknfectfr
bcjkrcdhe
eykrc sk`hrh 0. nkegkthouc eykrc
nhebcrc yheg bcrhshdhe phscke
2. Hemurdhe 2. uetud nkegurhegc rhsh eykrc
;.bcstrhdsc rkahdshsc
nkegguehdhe hehagktcd sk`hrh bhpht nkegurhegc
eykrc
tkpht
Dfahjfrhsc
;. efeihrnhdfafgcs
Hmhrdhe tkdecd uetud
nkegurhegc rhsh eykrc 8. uetud nkegurhegc rhsh eykrc

Dfahjfrhsc
8. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche
hehagktcd 

0 Cetfakrhesc hdtcvcths Auhrhe [thnh= Rfakrhesc Cetkrvkesc [thnh= Nhehmknke Fjskrvhsc

 jkroujueghe bkeghe Hdtcvcths Kekrgc 8. n keuemuddhe pkrujhohe
dkaknhohe Pktkaho bcahdudhe hsuohe Fjskrvhsc ekurfafgy dhrkeh
8. Cbketcicdhsc ghegguhe iuegsc bkicsckesc vcthnce J8:
dkpkrhwhthe skahnh 0 x :2
tujuo yheg nkeghdcjhtdhe nknpkeghruoc dkhnhehe
mhn tfakrhesc hdtcvcths dkakahohe phscke/ rkscdf
:. Nfectfr dkakahohe icscd `cbkrh.
nkecegdht bkeghe drctkrch ohsca=
bhe knfscfeha :. nkeuemuddhe
8. Irkdukesc ehbc nkecegdht (;) 0. Nfectfr pfah bhe mhn tcbur 
2. Nfectfr afdhsc pkrujhohe ekurfafgy dhrkeh
:. Dkauohe akaho nkeurue (;)
bhe bkicsckesc vcthnce J8:
nknpkeghruoc dkhnhehe
phscke/ rkscdf

0. Rkdhehe bhrho nknjhcd (;) dktcbhdeyhnhehe `cbkrh.

skahnh 0. nkecegdhtdhe cstcrhoht uetud 
nkahdudhe hdtcvcths

R k rh p k u t cd   nn k e u dkjutuohe
8 . A h d u d h e ahtcohe fd s cg k
rketheg gkrhd  ru e d h e
e t u j u
o
 phsci bhe/hthu hdtci  hsup
:. Jkrcdhe hdtcvcths bcstrhdsc
yheg nkekehegdhe
Kbudhsc
8. Hemurdhe tcrho jhrceg
:. Hemurdhe nkahdudhe
hdtcvcths sk`hrh jkrthohp
0. Hemurdhe nkegoujuegc
pkrhwht
 mcdh thebh bhe gkmhah dkakahohe
tcbhd jkrdurheg
2. Hmhrdhe strhtkgc dfpceg
uetud nkegurhegc dkakahohe
Dfahjfrhsc
8. Dfahjfrhsc bkeghe hoac gczc
tketheg `hrh nkecegdhtdhe

9
2. uetud nkncecnhadhe dkakahohe yheg bcrhshdhe 0. uetud nke`kgho
Rkrhpcutcd  tkrmhbceyh dfbcsc yheg jurud 
8. nknjkrcdhe rkgheghe phbh ftft-ftft 2. nkecegdhtdhe hdtcvcths sk`hrh
:. uetud nkncecnhadhe dkakahohe yheg bcrhshdhe  jkrthohp shnphc efrnha bhe
Kbudhsc
8. nkecegdhtdhe cstcrhoht uetud nkeuruedhe dkjutuohe fdscgke tujuo nDfknahpjkfrrjhhsccdc tfeus ftft.
:. uetud nkncecnhadhe dkakahohe yheg bcrhshdhe 8. uetud nkegghetc eutrcsc
yheg hbkduht bhahn tujuo

2 Zcscdf ceikdsc Auhrhe [thnh= Rcegdht Ceikdsc Cetkrvkesc [thnh= \ke`kghohe Fjskrvhsc

9
 jkroujueghe Pktkaho bcahdudhe hsuohe Ceikdsc
dkpkrhwhthe skahnh 0 x :2
bkeghe kikd prfskbur
cevhsci  mhn tcegdht ceikdsc nkeurue
bkeghe drctkrch ohsca=
8. Bknhn nkeurue (;)
:. Dknkrhohe nkeurue (;)
0. Eykrc nkeurue (;)
2. Jkegdhd nkeurue (;)
;. Dhbhr ska bhrho putco
nknjhcd (;)
8. [etud nkegkthouc dkhbhhehhe audh
udh
Fjskrvhsc bhe pkrdknjhegheeyh
8. Nfectfr thebh bhe gkmhah Rkrhpcutcd 
ceikdsc af`ha bhe scstkncd  8. hghr nkegurhegc
Rkrhpkutcd  tkrmhbceyh rkscdf ceikdsc
8. Jhthsc munaho pkeguemueg :. Hghr tcbhd tkrmhbc ceikdsc
:. Jkrcdhe pkrhwhthe duact phbh bhe tkrphphr fako dunhe hthu
hrkh kbknh jhdtkrc 0. Nkncecnhadhe rcscdf
0. @u`c theghe skjkaun bhe ceikdsc
sksubho dfethd bkeghe phscke 2. nkegurhegc ncdrfjh jhdtkrc
bhe acegdueghe phscke yheg bhpht nkeykjhjdhe ceikdsc
2. \krthohedhe tkdecd hskptc`
Kbudhsc
phbh
 phscke jkrcscdf tceggc 8.Hghr
nkegkthoucdkauhrgh
thebh bhe phscke
Kbudhsc gkmhah
8. Mkahsdhe thebh bhe gkmhah
bhrc ceikdsc
ceikdsc
:. Hmhrdhe `hrh nke`u`c :.nkncecnhadhe
theghe bkeghe jkehr 
0. Hmhrdhe ktcdh jhtud  tkrmhbceyh ceikdsc
2. Hmhrdhe `hrh nknkrcdsh 0.nkncecnhadhe
dfebcsc audh hthu audh fpkrhsc
;. Hemurdhe nkecegdhtdhe tkrmhbceyh ceikdsc
hsuphe eutrcsc
2.Nknhebcrcdhe phscke
9. Hemurdhe nkecegdhtdhe
hsuphe bhe dkauhrgh
`hcrhe ;. uetud nknpkr`kpht
Dfahjfrhsc  pkeykjuohe audh
8. Dfahjfrhsc 9. nknkeuoc `hcrhe kakdtrfact
yheg hbkduht
pknjkrche cnuecshsc, mcdh pkrau Dfahjfrhsc
8. [etud nke`kgho tkrmhbceyh
ceikdsc
?
 @. @fetfo Hsuohe Dkpkrhwhthe
 Ey. H 0? thoue, skfrheg cju runho theggh, G0\:H<O: , nhsud runho shdct
theggha 83 Pkptknjkr :<83 bkeghe dkauohe nkrhsh ohnca bcskrthc nuha nuetho

bhe pkrbhrhohe pkrvhgcehn skmhd 9 ohrc yheg ahau. Jkrbhshrdhe ohsca pkegdhmche
bcbhphtdhe ohsca= utkrus skjkshr 89 nceggu, pfrscf tkrtutup, iauxus (+).

8. \KEGDHMCHE
h. Jcfbhth
8) Cbketcths \hscke
 Ehnh = Ey. H
[nur = 0? t o
Mkecs d kahnce = \ krknpuhe
Hahnht = Ma . N hwhr  
Pthtus p krdhwcehe = N kecdho
Hghnh = Csah n
Pudu = Ce bfeksch
\kebcbcdhe = PN H
\kdkrmhhe = P whsth
 Ef. Zkgcstkr = 8:02xxxx
Bchgefsh kbcs = fah cbhtcbfsh
n N O
Rheggha n hsud = 8 3 P kptknjkr : <83
Rheggha pkegdhmche = 83 Pkptknjkr :<83
:) Cbketcths \keheggueg Mhwhj
 Ehnh = Re. J
[nur = 2< R o
Mkecs d kahnce = A hdc-ahdc
\kebcbcdhe = PN H
\kdkrmhhe = P whsth
Oujueghe bkeghe phscke = Puhnc
\hscke
Hahnht = Ma . N hwhr  

8
 j. Hahshe nhsud Zunho Phdct
\hscke nkeghthdhe nkrhsh ohnca bcskrthc nuha nuetho bhe pkebhrhohe
 pkrvhgcehn
`. Dkauohe uthnh shht bcdhmc

\hscke nkeghthdhe nkrhsh eykrc phbh jhgche pkrut bcskrthc bkeghe

 pkrbhrhohe vhgcheh. Eykrc bcrhshdhe skpkrtc bcrknhs-rknhs. Pdhah eykrc ?,
eykrc bcrhshdhe ocaheg tcnjua. \hscke nkeghthdhe nkeghahnc pkrbhrhohe
skmhd 0 ohrc yheg ahau.

b. Zcwhyht dkskohthe skdhrheg

\hscke bhtheg dk ruheg pfekx Zunho Phdct Pkmhotkrh phbh theggha :0 fdtfjkr 
:<83 pudua :<.<< wcth bkeghe dkauohe eykrc phbh jhgche pkrut bcskrthc
pkrbhohe pkrvhgcehn skmhd 9 ohrc, shht bcpkrcdsh dkhbhhe vuavh thnphd dftfr bhe aknjhj skrth hbheyh thebh ceikdsc

dknkrhohe bc pkrcekun, bhe dkauhr `hcrhe putco dkdueceghe skrth

 jkrjhu, dacke thnphd aknho,nknjrhe nudfsh dkrceg, turgfr duact tcbhd 
kahstcs bhe `ujcthe duact dknjhac bhahn : bktcd,nuha bhe nuetho :-2x/ohrc
skahnh 9 ohrc. dacke mugh nkegkauo eykrc pkrut jhgche jhwho bkeghe sdhah
eykrc ? bhe jkrthnjho shht nkahdudhe gkrhdhe sk`hrh tcjh-tcjh, dacke thnphd 

nkrcegcs nkehohe eykrc, whmho dacke thnphd pu`ht, pkrbhrhohe ;<<

``, RB 80</?< nnOg, ZZ ::_/nkect, E= 88<_/nkect.

k. Zcwhyht dkskohthe bhouau

\hscke nkeghthdhe tcbhd pkreho nkeghahnc rcwhyht pknjkbhohe

skjkauneyh.
i. Zcwhyht dkskohthe dkauhrgh
\hscke nkeghthdhe tcbhd nkncacdc rcwhyht pkeyhdct dkturuehe skpkrtc
ocpkrtkesc

:
g. Zcwhyht fjstktrc gcekdfafgc
8) Zcwhyht Gcekdfafgc

h. Zcwhyht nkestruhsc

8) Nkehr`ok = unur 8: thoue

:) Ahnheyh ohcb = ; ohrc
0) Pcdaus = (:?-0< ohrc)
2) Jheyhdeyh ¸ 0<< ``
;) Pciht bhrho (whreh, jhu, `hcr/gunphahe, bcsnkefr).
9) O\OR = phscke nkeghthdhe auph
7) Rhdscrhe pkrshacehe = :0Hprca :<83 ([PG)
 j. Zcwhyht pkrdhwcehe (suhnc bhecstrc)

8) [sch pkrdhwcehe = ; thoue

:) \krecdhohe yheg dk = 8
`. Zcwhyht dfetrhskpsc
8) Mkecs dfetrhskpsc yheg bcguehdhe skjkaun ohnca = \hscke tcbhd
nknhdhc dfetrhskpsc
:) Whdtu bhe ahnh pkegguehhe = tcbhd nkeguehdhe dfetrhskpsc
0) Nhshaho bhahn pkegguehhe `hrh tkrskjut = tcbhd hbh nhshaho
2) Mkecs dfetrhskpsc yheg hdhe bcahdshehdhe sktkaho pkrshacehe skdhrheg = C[B
;) Munaho hehd yheg bcrke`hehdhe dkauhrgh = 0
:) Zcwhyht Fjstktrc

h. Zcwhyht dkohncahe, pkrshacehe, & ecihs yheg ahau

G0\:H<O:

Hehd dk Dkohncahe \krshacehe \keyuact ecihs Hehd Dkt

 Ef Roe [nur  \keyu Mkecs \kef \key Ahskr  Ceik \krb Md JJ \m
dkohn act afeg uact hsc dsc hrho
cahe he

8 :<82 Htrk - \E Jcb - - - - A 0.: ;0

n he dg `n

: :<89 Htkr   \E Jcb - - - - \ 0.? ;:

he dg `n
-n

0
 j. Zcwhyht dkohncahe skdhrheg
8) \hscke nkrhsh ohnca= 2 juahe.
:) Dkauohe whdtu ohnca= nuha-nuetho

0) Gkrhdhe hehd pkrthnh bcrhshdhe= jkaun tkrhsh gkrhdhe

2) Cnuecshsc = -
;) \kehnjhohe JJ skahnh ohnca= 8 dg
9) \knkrcdshhe dkohncahe tkrhtur/tcbhd= tcbhd 
7) Rknpht pknkrcdshhe bhe ohsca pknkrcdshhe= jkaun

2
o. \fah iuegscfeha dkskohthe
8) \knkacohrhhe bhe pkrskpsc tkrohbhp dkskohthe
\hscke nkeghthdhe nkegkrtc tketheg pknkacohrhhe dkskohthe jhcd
acegdueghe nhupue icscd.
:) Eutrcsc/nkthjfacd 

-  Eutrcsc = phscke nkeghthdhe Rcbhd ehisu nhdhe dhreh nkrhsh nuha bhe
cegce nuetho

- Nkthjfacd = phscke nkeghthdhe nceun tkrhdocr pudua <9.<< wcth skjheyhd 8 gkahs
hcr dknhshe ¸ ;<<``
0) \fah kacncehsc

- JHD = phscke nkeghthdhe tkrhdocr juheg hcr dk`ca phbh pudua 8<.<< wcth
  Whreh dueceg, skjheyhd ¸8:<``

- JHJ = \hscke nkeghthdhe tkrhdocr juheg hcr jkshr bcrunho pudua <9.<< wcth,

dfescstkesc dkrhs, jhu dohs iksks, whreh dueceg dk`fdahthe bhe shht cec jkaun
JHJ
Ceput = Dacke bhahn skohrc bhpht nkegohjcsdhe ;<< na hcr, hcr bhahn nhdhehe 0<<
na, ceius ;<< na, trhesiusc bhrho 8 dfai (8:;
na). Futput= [rce 8<<< na, iksks :;< na, CWA 888< na, pkrbhrhohe ;<< na, nuetho
0<<
``.
J@
> Ceput-Futput.

 > 82:; na ‐ :99< na

 > - 8:0; na.

2) \fah hdtcvcths bhe ahtcohe

Dknhnpuhepkrhwhthe < 8 : 0 2
bcrc
  
Nhdhehe/nceun
  
Nhebc
  
Rfcaktceg
  
Jkrphdhche

;
 Nfjcacshsc bc tknpht tcbur  
  
Jkrpcebho
  
Hnjuahsc ZFN

<= nhbcrc, 8= haht jhetu, := bcjhetu frheg ahce, 0 = bcjhetu frheg ahce bhe haht,
2=tkrghetueg tftha

Fdscgkehsc=
\hscke nkeghthdhe tcbhd hbh dkauohe shht jkrehihs bhe tcbhd nkrhsh skshd, ZZ 
::x/nkect.
;) \fah tcbur bhe cstcrhoht
\hscke nkeghthdhe nkeghahnc ghegguhe pfah tcbur bcnheh phscke dhbheg-dhbheg
tkrjhegue dhrkeh nkrhsh eykrc phbh jhgche pkrut.
9) \fah pkr`kptuha
\hscke nkeghthdhe tcbhd nknpueyhc nhshaho bkeghe pkegcebkrhhe yhctu
 pkegacohthe, pke`cunhe, pkebkeghrhe, bhe pkrhjhhe. \hscke oheyh nkegkauo eykrc
 phbh pkrut.
\= Eykrc phbh pkrut tcjh-tcjh shht hdhe jkrhdtcvcths
X= Eykrc bcrhshdhe skpkrtc bcrknhs-rknhs
Z= Eykrc bcjhgche pkrut
P= Pdhah eykrc ? bhrc (<-8<)
R= Eykrc bcrhshdhe ocaheg tcnjua
7) \fah \krskpsc bcrc
\hscke nkeghthdhe nkeyudhc sknuh jhgche tujuoeyh bhe phscke nkeghthdhe thdut
hbh nhshaho phbh dkohncahheeyh yheg skdhrheg.
?) \fah skdsuha bhe rkprfbudsc
\hscke nkeghthdhe tcbhd hbh nhshaho bkeghe rkprfbudsceyh. \hscke
nkeghthdhe bcjkrc pkrohtche bhe sketuohe fako suhnceyh.
3) \fah pkrhe-oujueghe
\hscke nkeghthdhe Oujueghe phscke bkeghe dkauhrgheyh ohrnfecs, dfnuecdhsc
 phscke bkeghe nhsyhrhdht skdcthr runho jkrmhahe ahe`hr.

9
8<) \fah nhehmknke dfpceg strkss
\hscke nkeghthdhe `hrh nkeghthsc nhshaho bkeghe jkrbcsdusc jkrshnh suhnceyh.
88) Pcstkn ecahc bhe dkyhdcehe
\hscke nkeghthdhe jkrhghnh csahn bhe jchsheyh phscke nkahdshehdhe sohaht ; whdtu
bcrunho bhe shht bc runho shdct phscke oheyh jcsh jkrbf bctknpht tcbur.

c. \knkrcdshhe icscd
Dkhbhhe u nun = J hcd  
8) G@P = 8 ; (K 2Y;N9)
:) Rcegdht dkshbhrhe = @fnpfsnketcs
0) Rhebh-thebh vctha = RB = 80</?< nnOg E = 88<x/nkect Z = ::x/nkect
P= 0?,;⁼@
2) JJ o hnca =; 7D g RJ = 89< ` n ACAH = : 0 ` n

\knkrcdshhe Okhb tf tfk

Dkphah Whmho
- Cespkdsc = Jketud efrnha`okpha, rhnjut bhe duact dkphah jkrsco, rhnjut
 jkrwhreh octhn, whmho phscke pu`ht bhe nkrcegcs.
- \haphsc = Rcbhd hbh eykrc
tkdhe Nhth
- Cespkdsc = \krgkrhdhe nhth efrnha, dfemuegtcvh hekncs, pupca csfdfr 
- \haphsc = Rcbhd hbh eykrc
tkdhe Akokr 
- Cespkdsc = Jketud scnktrcs
-
\haphsc = Rcbhd hbh jkebueghe vkeh muguahrcs, tcbhd hbh pknjkshrhe dkakemhr 
tcrfcb.
Bhbh
- Cespkdsc = Jketud bhbh scnktrcs, pkrgkrhdhe bhbh scnktrcs, jketud
phyubhrh scnktrcs, hkrfah nkegocthn, puttceg susu tcbhd nkefemfa.

- \haphsc = Rcbhd hbh eykrc tkdhe

- \krdusc = Rkrbkeghr suhrh sfefr phbh phru-phru bhe suhrh pkdhd phbh mhetueg.
- Husduathsc = Mhetueg P8P: tueggha rkguakr, suhrh ehihs
vkscduakr. Hjbfnke
- Cespkdsc = Jketud pkrut `knjueg, hscnktrcs, jhgche hghd nkefemfa Audh
  jkdhs fpkrhsc = Rcbhd hbh
- \haphsc = Rcbhd tkrhjh jhgche mhece
- Husduathsc = tcbhd tkrbkeghr
BMM Gkekthach bhe \krcekun
- Dkjkrscohe = tkrbhpht akebcr jkr`hnpur bhrho bhe
hcr. Heus
- Oknfrfcb = Rcbhd hbh
oknfrfcb Kdstrkncths
Hths = turgfr duact tcbhd kahstcs, duact
dkrceg Fkbknh = tcbhd hbh fkbknh
Yhrcsks = t cbhd h bh v hrcsks
@ZR = ZR 1 ktcd  
@ : B
Jhwho
Fkbknh = tcbhd hbh fkbknh
Yhrcsks = t cbhd h bh v
hrcsks
@ZR = @ZR 1: Bktcd, rkiakd phtkah
(+) Dkduhthe ftft ;;; ;;;
  ;;; ;;;

 m. Bhth pkeuemheg

PGFR 222,0 [/A.

OJ= 2 ng/ba
R0 8,;?
eg/na,
 R2 5 :2,?9 ug/ba,
RPO <,<<; nA[/A,
 jkth o@G 77:,<30 C[/na

Iuegsc gcemha jhcd 

Hehacsh Bhth

BHRH KRCFAFGC NHPHAHO

BP = phscke nkeghthdhe nkeghahnc Nfah ocbhtcbfsh Ocpfvfaknch

 pkrbhrhohe skmhd 9 ohrc yheg ahau
BF = - \hscke thnphd aknho bhe pu`ht
- Nudfsh nuaut dkrceg
\krbhrhohe pkrvhgcehn

Ocpfvfaknch
 - Dfemuegtcvh hekncs
- Rurgfr duact tcbhd kahstcs, duact dkrceg
-  E = 88<x/net
- OJ= 2 ng/ba

Ceput= Dacke bhahn skohrc

bhpht nkegohjcsdhe ;<< na hcr, hcr
bhahn nhdhehe 0<< na, ceius ;<< na,
trhesiusc bhrho 8 dfai (8:;
na). Futput= [rce 8<<< na, iksks :;< na,
CWA 888< na, pkrbhrhohe ;<< na, nuetho
0<< ``. J@ > Ceput-Futput.

  > - 8:08;2 :n;a. na ‐ :99< na

BP =
Nfah Ocbhtcbfsh
- \hscke nkegkauo eykrc phbh jhgche
 pkrut  Eykrc Hdut
\krdknjheghe
- \ = phscke nkeghthdhe eykrc sk`hrh hjefrnha vcaac
tcjh-tcjh shht hdhe jkrhdtcvcths dfrcecd bhe bcahthsc
- X = eykrc skpkrtc bcrknhs-rknhs skrvcd 
- Z = eykrc bc jhgche pkrut
- P = sdhah eykrc ? bhrc <-8<  pkekdhehe ftft-ftft
- R = eykrc bcrhshdhe ocaheg rhocn
tcnjua BF =
- \hscke thnphd nkrcegcs
- Whmho thnphd pu`ht Zkhdsc skesfrc
- RB = 80</?< nnOg
-  E = 88<x/nkect

-ZZ= ::x/nkect
-P4 0?,;ᴱ@  Eykrc hdut

:. BCHGEFPH DK\KZHWHRHE
h. Ocpfvfaknch jkroujueghe bkeghe pkrbhrhohe pkrvhgcehn bcthebhc bkeghe
 phscke nkeghthdhe nkeghahnc pkrbhrhohe skmhd 9 ohrc yheg ahau, phscke
thnphd aknho bhe pu`ht, nudfsh nuaut dkrceg, dfemuegtcvh hekncs, turgfr
duact tcbhd kahstcs, duact dkrceg, E = 88<x/net, J@ > - 8:0; na.

 j. Eykrc hdut jkroujueghe bkeghe pkrdknjheghe hjefrnha vcaac drfecd

bcthebhc bkeghe phscke nkegkauo eykrc phbh jhgche pkrut, phscke nkeghthd
eykrc sk`hrh
tcjh-tcjh shht hdhe jkrhdtcvcths, eykrc skpkrtc bcrknhs-rknhs, eykrc bc jhgche
 pkrut, sdhah eykrc ? bhrc <-8<, eykrc bcrhshdhe ocaheg tcnjua, thnphd nkrcegcs,
 whmho thnphd pu`ht, RB = 80</?< nnOg, E = 88<x/nkect.

8<

0. CERKZYKEPC DK\KZHWHRHE

Ef Bchgefsh Dkpkrhwhthe Rumuhe bhe Drctkrch

Cetkrvkesc
Ohsca PCDC
. PADC
8 Ocpfvfaknch Auhrhe [thnh= Pthtus @hcrhe Cetkrvkesc [thnh= Nhehmknke Ocpfvfaknch
Pktkaho bcahdudhe hsuohe Fjskrvhsc
8. \krcdsh thebh bhe gkmhah oypfvfaknch (ncs.
dkpkrhwhthe skahnh 0 x :2 mhn
irkdukesc ehbc nkecegdht, ehbc tkrhjh
sthtus `hcrhe nknjhcd bkeghe aknho, tkdhehe bhrho nkeurue, tkdhehe ehbc
nkeyknpct, turgfr duact nkeurue,
drctkrch ohsca=
nknjrhe nudfsh dkrceg, vfaunk urce nkeurue,
8. Dkduhthe ehbc nkecegdht (;) oknhtf`rct nkecegdht, ohus, aknho)
:. Rurgfr duact nkecegdht (;) :. Nfectfr cethdk bhe futput `hcrhe
0. Irkdukesc ehbc nknjhcd (;) Rkrhpcutcd 
2. Rkdhehe bhrho nknjhcd (;) 0. Octueg dkjutuohe `hcrhe
;. Rkdhehe ehbc nknjhcd (;) 2. Jkrcdhe hsuphe `hcrhe frha
9. Nknjrhe nudfsh nknjhcd (;) Kbudhsc
7. Dhbhr Oj nknjhcd (;) ;. Hemurdhe nknpkrjheyhd hsuphe `hcrhe frha
Auhrhe Rhnjhohe= 9. Hemurdhe nkegocebhrc pkrujhohe
Rcegdht pfscsc nkebhbhd 
\krbhrhohe
Pktkaho bcahdudhe hsuohe Dfahjfrhsc
7. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche `hcrhe CY csftfecs (ncs.
dkpkrhwhthe skahnh 0 x :2  Eh@a, ZA)
mhn tcegdht pkrbhrhohe nkeurue ?. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche `hcrhe CY ocpftfecs (ncs.
gaudfsh :,;%, Eh@a <,2%)
bkeghe drctkrch ohsca=

8. Dkaknjhphe nknjrhe
nudfsh nkecegdht (;)
:. \krbhrhohe phs`h
fpkrhsc nkeurue
(;)
0. Oknfgafjce nknjhcd (;)
2. Rkdhehe bhrho nknjhcd (;)
;. Puou tujuo nknjhcd (;)
:. Eykrc hdut Auhrhe [thnh= Rcegdht Eykrc
Pktkaho bcahdudhe hsuohe
dkpkrhwhthe skahnh 0 x :2
mhn tcegdht eykrc nkeurue
bkeghe
drctkrch ohsca=
8. Dkauohe eykrc nkeurue (;)
:. Nkrcegcs nkeurue (;)
0. Pcdhp prftkdtci nkeurue (;)
2. Gkacsho nkeurue (;)
;. Dksuacthe tcbur nkeurue (;)
9. Irkdukesc ehbc nknjhcd (;)
7. Rkdhehe bhrho nknjhcd (;)
Auhrhe Rhnjhohe=
Dfetrfa Eykrc
Pktkaho bcahdudhe hsuohe
dkpkrhwhthe skahnh 0 x :2mhn Kbudhsc
?. Mkahsdhe kikd tkrhpc bhe kikd shnpceg fjht
dfetrfa eykrc nkeurue bkeghe
drctkrch ohsca=
8. Dknhnpuhe nkegkehac
feskt eykrc nkecegdht (;)
:. Dknhnpuhe nkegkehac
 pkeykjhj eykrc nkecegdht (;)
0. Dknhnpuhe nkegguehdhe
tkdecd efe-ihrnhdfafgcs (;)
2. Dkauohe eykrc nkeurue (;)
88
3. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche `hcrhe dfafcb
(ncs. hajunce, pahsnhehtk)
8<. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche prfbud bhrho
Cetkrvkesc [thnh= \knjkrche
hehagkscd Fjskrvhsc
8. Cbketcicdhsc dhrhdtkrcstcd eykrc (ncs. pke`ktus,
 pkrkbh, duhacths, afdhsc, cetkescths, irkdukesc,
burhsc)
:. Cbketcicdhsc rcwhyht hakrgc fjht
0. Cbketcicdhsc dksksuhche mkecs hehagkscd
(ncs. ehrdftcdh, efe-ehrdftcdh, hthu EPHCB)
bkeghe tcegdht dkphrhohe eykrc
2. Nfectfr thebh-thebh vctha skjkaun bhe sksubho
 pknjkrche hehagkscd 
;. Nfectfr kikdtcicths hehagkscd 
Rkrhpkutcd 
9. \krtcnjhegdhe pkegguhehhe ceius dfetceu, hthu
 jfaus fpafcb uetud nknpkrthohedhe dhbhr bhahn
skrun
7. Bfdunkethscdhe rkspfes tkrohbhp kikd
hehagkscd bhe kikd yheg tcbhd bccegcedhe
8:
Dfahjfrhsc
3. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche bfscs bhe mkecs hehagkscd,
sksuhc cebcdhsc
Nhehmknke
Eykrc Fjskrvhsc
3. Cbketcicdhsc afdhsc, dhrhdtkrcstcd,
burhsc, irkdukesc, duhacths,
cetkescths eykrc
8<. Cbketcicdhsc sdhah eykrc
88. Cbketcicdhsc rkspfes eykrc efe vkrjha
8:. Cbketcicdhsc ihdtfr yheg nknpkrjkrht
bhe nknpkrceghe eykrc
80. Cbketcicdhsc pkegkthouhe bhe dkyhdcehe tketheg
eykrc
82. Cbketcicdhsc pkeghruo eykrc phbh duhacths ocbup
8;. Nfectfr dkjkrohscahe tkrhpc dfnpaknketkr yheg
subho bcjkrcdhe
89. Nfectfr kikd shnpceg pkegguehhe hehagktcd 
Rkrhpkutcd 
87. Jkrcdhe tkdecd efeihrnhdfafgcs
uetud nkegurhegc rhsh eykrc (ncs.
RKEP, oypefscs,
hduprksur, tkrhpc nuscd, jcfikkbjh`d , tkrhpc
  pcmht, hrfnhtkrhpc, tkdecd cnhmcehsc tkrjcnjceg,
dfnprks oheght/bcegce, tkrhpc jkrnhce)
8?. Dfetrfa acegdueghe yheg nknpkrjkrht rhsh eykrc (ncs. suou ruheghe, pke`hohyhhe,
dkjcsceghe)

80

83. Ihscacthsc cstcrhoht bhe tcbur 

:<. \krtcnjhegdhe mkecs bhe sunjkr eykrc bhahn
 pkncacohe strhtkgc nkrkbhdhe eykrc
Kbudhsc
:8. Mkahsdhe pkeykjhj, pkrcfbk, bhe pknc`u eykrc
::. Mkahsdhe strhtkgc nkrkbhdhe eykrc
:0. Hemurdhe nknfectfr eykrc sk`hrh nhebcrc
:2. Hemurdhe nkegguehdhe hehagktcd sk`hrh tkpht
:;. Hmhrdhe tkdecd efeihrnhdfafgcs uetud 
nkegurhegc rhsh eykrc
Dfahjfrhsc
:9. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche hehagktcd 

82

Ef.Ohrc b he R heggha Cnpaknkethsc

B_
Nkahdudhe pknkrcdshhe8:0 thebh
fdtfjkrbhe gkmhah
:<83 8. oypfvfaknch (ncs. irkdukesc
ehbc nkecegdht, ehbc tkrhjh aknho, tkdhehe bhrho nkeurue, tkdhehe ehbc nkeyknpct, turgfr duact nkeurue, nknjrhe nudfsh dkrceg, vfaunk urce nkeurue, oknhtf`rct n
nknfectfrceg cethdk bhe futput `hcrhe

:.

nkegoctueg dkjutuohe `hcrhe 0.

nknjkrcdhe hsuphe `hcrhe frha2.
Hemurdhe nknpkrjheyhd hsuphe ;. 9.`hcrhe frha Hemurdhe nkegocebhrc pkrujhohe pfscsc nkebhbhd 
Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche `hcrhe CY7.ocpftfecs (ncs. gaudfsh :,;%, Eh@a <,2%) Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche prfbud bhrho
8. Nkahdudhe pknkrcdshhe thebh?. bhe gkmhah oypfvfaknch (ncs. irkdukesc ehbc nkecegdht, ehbc tkrhjh aknho, tkdhehe bhrho nkeurue, tkdh

:2fdtfjkr :<83
 ehbc nkeyknpct, turgfr duact nkeurue, nknjrhe nudfsh dkrceg,
vfaunk urce nkeurue, oknhtf`rct nkecegdht, ohus, aknho)
:. nknfectfrceg cethdk bhe futput `hcrhe

nkegoctueg dkjutuohe `hcrhe 0.

nknjkrcdhe hsuphe `hcrhe frha 2.
;. 9. frha Hemurdhe nkegocebhrc pkrujhohe pfscsc nkebhbhd 
Hemurdhe nknpkrjheyhd hsuphe `hcrhe
Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche `hcrhe CY ocpftfecs
7. (ncs. gaudfsh :,;%, Eh@a
<,2%)
?. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche prfbud bhrho
8. Nkahdudhe pknkrcdshhe thebh bhe gkmhah oypfvfaknch (ncs. irkdukesc ehbc nkecegdht, ehbc tkrhjh aknho, tkdhehe bhrho nkeurue, tk
:; fdtfjkr :<83

8;

ehbc nkeyknpct, turgfr duact nkeurue, nknjrhe nudfsh dkrceg, vfaunk urce nkeurue, oknhtf`rct nkecegdht, ohus, aknho)
:. nknfectfrceg cethdk bhe futput `hcrhe

0. nkegoctueg dkjutuohe `hcrhe

2. nknjkrcdhe hsuphe `hcrhe frha

9;. Hemurdhe nknegpokcrejbhheryc hpdk rhusjuhpohhee ` phfcrshcesc fnrkhaebhbhd 

7. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche `hcrhe CY ocpftfecs (ncs. gaudfsh :,;%, Eh@a
<,2%)
?. Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche prfbud bhrho

Ef. Ohrc/ th eggha Cnpaknkethsc

bx
: :0 fdtfjkr :<83 8. Cbketcicdhsc dhrhdtkrcstcd eykrc (ncs. pke`ktus, pkrkbh, duhacths, afdhsc,
cetkescths, irkdukesc, burhsc)
:. Cbketcicdhsc afdhsc, dhrhdtkrcstcd, burhsc, irkdukesc, duhacths, cetkescths eykrc
0. Cbketcicdhsc sdhah eykrc
2. Cbketcicdhsc rkspfes eykrc efe vkrjha
;. Nfectfr thebh-thebh vctha skjkaun bhe sksubho pknjkrche hehagkscd 

9. Nfectfr kikdtcicths hehagkscd 

7. Bfdunkethscdhe rkspfes tkrohbhp kikd hehagkscd bhe kikd yheg tcbhd 
bccegcedhe
?. Mkahsdhe kikd tkrhpc bhe kikd shnpceg fjht
3. Jkrcdhe tkdecd efeihrnhdfafgcs uetud nkegurhegc rhsh eykrc (ncs. RKEP,

89

oypefscs, hduprksur, tkrhpc nuscd, jcfikkbjh`d , tkrhpc pcmht, hrfnhtkrhpc,

tkdecd cnhmcehsc tkrjcnjceg, dfnprks oheght/bcegce, tkrhpc jkrnhce) 8<.Dfetrfa acegdueghe yheg nknpkrjkrht rhsh eykrc (ncs. suou ruheghe
 pke`hohyhhe, dkjcsceghe) 88.Ihscacthsc cstcrhoht bhe tcbur 
8:.Dfahjfrhsc pknjkrche bfscs bhe mkecs hehagkscd, sksuhc cebcdhsc

:2 fdtfjkr :<83 8. Cbketcicdhsc dhrhdtkrcstcd eykrc (ncs. pke`ktus, pkrkbh, duhacths, afdhsc,