Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Affirmative/Negative/Questi
Tense Uses Signal Words
on
Present A: S + is/am/are + Ving ▪ - hµnh ®éng x¶y ra ngay t¹i thêi ®iÓm nãi -at the moment, at
Progressive N: S + is /am/are not Ving the present , just, just
Q: Is / am/are + S + Ving ? ▪ - hµnh ®éng x¶y ra trong thêi gian ng¾n, kh«ng now, right now ..
(hiÖn t¹i æn ®Þnh . Listen!, Look!, now,
tiÕp diÔn) ▪ - ý ®Þnh s¾p ®-îc thùc hiÖn trong t-¬ng lai gÇn right now
(s¾p söa)
Present A: S + has / have + V2 - hµnh ®éng b¾t ®Çu trong qu¸ khø ®ang tiÕp - for , since , so far ,
Perfect N: S + has/have not +V2 up to now , up to the
diÔn ë hiÖn t¹i vµ cßn cã thÓ tiÕp tôc x¶y ra
Simple Q: Have/ has + S + V2 ? present , till now (
trong t-¬ng lai . until now)
- hµnh ®éng ®· x¶y ra trong qu¸ khø nh-ng
kh«ng râ thêi gian x¶y ra hµnh ®éng; hµnh ®éng - just , already ,
võa míi x¶y ra , kÕt qu¶ cßn l-u l¹i ë hiÖn t¹i .( recently,
(hiÖnt¹i nhÊn m¹nh ®Õn kÕt qu¶, sự hòan thành cña hµnh yet , lately
hoµn ®éng )
thµnh)
- hµnh ®éng lÆp ®i lÆp l¹i nhiÒu lÇn trong qu¸ - several
khø - never , ever ,
- kinh nghiÖm c¸ nh©n.
Present A: S + has/ have been + Ving . - hµnh ®éng b¾t ®Çu trong qu¸ khø vµ kÐo dµi all day , for ( 10
Perfect N: S + has/have not been + Ving years) , since (
liªn tôc ®Õn hiÖn t¹i hoÆc võa míi chÊm døt .
Progressive Q: Have / has + S + been + Ving ? 1998) ,
- thay cho HiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh khi muèn nhÊn the whole day (
(hiÖn t¹i m¹nh ®Õn qu¸ tr×nh ( duration) cña hµnh ®éng ( week)
hoµn thµnh th-êng dïng víi c¸c ®éng tõ mang tÝnh kÐo dµi : how long?
tiÕp diÔn) live , work , play , wait , run , sleep , cry ,
learn…..)
Simple Past A: S + V1 - hµnh ®éng ®· x¶y ra va chÊm døt t¹i 1 thêi - yesterday , ago,
N: S + didn’t + Vo in (2003 ….) , last
®iÓm x¸c ®Þnh trong qu¸ khø .
(qu¸ khø Q : Did + S + Vo ? ( week , month …..)
®¬n) - hµnh ®éng x¶y ra nèi tiÕp nhau trong 1 c©u - if sentence type II
chuyÖn trong qu¸ khø . (If I talked, …)
- hµnh ®éng x¶y ra xen kÏ vµo gi÷a 1 hµnh ®éng
kh¸c trong qu¸ khø .
Past A: S + were/ was + Ving . - hµnh ®éng ®ang x¶y ra t¹i 1 thêi ®iÓm x¸c ®Þnh
Progressive N : S + were/ was not + Ving
trong qu¸ khø .
Q : were /was + S + Ving ? when, while,
(qu¸ khø - 2 hµnh ®éng x¶y ra song song cïng 1 lóc trong
tiÕp diÔn ) qu¸ khø.
- 1 hµnh ®éng ®ang diÔn ra trong qu¸ khø thi cã
1 hµnh ®«ng kh¸c xen vµo.
Future A: S + will /shall be + Ving - hµnh ®éng sÏ ®ang x¶y ra t¹i 1 thêi ®iÓm x¸c -at( 6p.m) , when ,
Progressive N: S + will / shall not be + Ving ,tomorrow , at this
®Þnh trong t-¬ng lai (incomplete actions in the
(t-¬ng lai Q: Will / shall + S be + Ving ? time .
future )
tiÕp diÔn)
Future A: S + will have + V2 - 1 hµnh ®éng sÏ hoµn thµnh tr-íc 1 mèc thêi - before , by (
perfect N: S + will not have + V2 tomorrow , next
gian hoÆc 1 hµnh ®éng cho tr-íc nµo ®ã ë
(t-¬ng lai Q: Will + S + have + V2 ? month ,moon , 7
t-¬ng lai o’clock ) , till / until ,
hoµn thµnh
) by the time ,by this
time, by then
Future A: S + will have been + Ving . - nhÊn m¹nh ®Õn sù kÐo dµi liªn tôc cña mét - before , by the time
perfect N: S + will not have been + Ving ,
hµnh ®éng tr-íc mét mèc thêi gian hoÆc 1 hµnh
Progressive Q: Will + S + have been + Ving ? till , until , by then
(t-¬ng lai ®éng cho tr-íc nµo ®ã ë t-¬ng lai . ,by this time .
hoµn thµnh -by + mèc thêi gian: (
tiÕp diÔn ) by tomorrow , moon )
Phương pháp kết hợp thì trong mệnh đẽ trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian
QUÁ KHỨ
WHEN + s + V (quá khứ đơn), s + V (quá khứ đơn)
Eg: When he saw me, he smiled, at me.
Diễn tả hành động xảy ra nổi tiếp nhau
TƯƠNG LAI
WHEN + s + V (hiện tại đơn), s + V (tương lai đơn)
Eg: When 1 see him, I will remind him to call you.
-Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra thì có hành động khác xen vào
QUÁ KHỨ
WHEN + s + V (quá khứ đơn), s + V (quá khứ tiếp diễn)
Exercise 1: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete
sentences below.
1. They___________ for 3 hours when the storm suddenly broke.
A. had been running B. have been running C. are running D. will be running
2. I___________ come to the conclusion that nowadays nobody cares about anything.
A. will B. had C. do D. have
3. I assumed you ___________ paying for the repairs until the end of last year.
A. have been B. was been C. are being D. had been
4. ___________ get tired of answering the same questions every day?
A. Have you ever B. Had you ever C. Do you ever D. Are you ever
5. She___________ working on that manuscript for 2 years now.
A. will be B. has been C. had been D. is
6. I___________ there once a long time ago and___________ back since.
A. went/ have not been B. go/ am not C. have gone/ was D. was going/ had not been
7. The students___________ by Mrs. Linda. However, this week they___________ by Mr. Mike.
A. are usually taught/ are being taught
B. usually teach/ are teaching
C. have usually been taught/ have been teaching
D. were usually teaching/ are teaching
8. In the past the trip___________ very rough and often dangerous, but things___________ a great
deal in the last hundred and fifty years.
A. was/ have changed B. is/ change C. had been/ will change D. has been/ changed
9. Now you___________ from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours.
A. are flying B. would fly C. will fly D. can fly
10. When Carol___________ last night, I__________ my favorite show on television.
A. was calling/ watched B. called/ have watched
C. called/ was watching D. had called/ watched
11. By this time next summer, you ___________ your studies.
A. completes B. will complete C. are completing D. will have completed
12. Right now, Jim___________ the newspaper and Kathy___________ dinner.
A. reads/ has cooked B. is reading/ is cooking
C. has read/ was cooking D. read/ will be cooking
13. Last night at this time, they __________ the same thing. She_________ and he the newspaper.
A. are doing/ is cooking/ is reading B. were doing/ was cooking/ was reading
C. was doing/ has cooked/ is reading D. had done/ was cooking/read
14. When I_________ home last night, I_________ that Jane________ a beautiful candlelight dinner.
A. had arrived/ discovered/ prepared B. was arriving/ had discovered/ was preparing
C. have arrived/ was discovering/ had prepared D. arrived/ discovered/ was preparing
15. Sam___________ to change a light bulb when he___________ and___________.
A. was trying/ slipped/ fell B. tried/ was slipping/ falling
C. had been trying / slipped D. has tried/ slips/ falls
16. Yesterday, I___________ for work late because I___________ to set my alarm.
A. had left/ forgot B. was leaving/ was forgetting
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of the incomplete
sentences below.
1. The lights___________ out because we___________ the electricity bill.
A. have gone/ did not pay B. will go/ did not paid
C. go/ would not pay D. went/ had not paid
2. ___________ Tom Cruise's last movie? Yes, I___________ it three days ago
A. Have you ever seen/ saw B. Did you ever see/ have seen
C. Had you ever seen/ would see D. Will you ever see/ saw
3. I___________ a terrible accident while I___________ on the beach.
A. see/ am walking B. saw/ was walking C. was seeing/ walked D. have seen/ were walking
4. After all, she___________ him since her childhood.
A. knows B. knew C. was knowing D. had known
5. We___________ touch since we___________ school three years ago.
A. lost/ have left B. have lost/ leave C. have lost/ left D. were losing/ had left
6. ___________ in Rome than he___________.
A. No sooner he had arrived/ was being kidnapped
B. No sooner had he arrived/ was kidnapped
C. Had he no sooner arrived/ kidnapped
D. No sooner was he arriving/ had been kidnapped
7. I___________ there once a long time ago and___________ back since.
A. was/ have not been B. had been/ was not
C. would be/ had not been D. have been/ will not be
8. As many as ten-million children___________ with the virus by the end of this decade.
A. have been infected B. will be infecting C. had been infected D. will have been infected
9. What___________ when the fire alarm___________ off?
A. are you doing/ will go B. have you done/ would go
C. were you doing/ went D. will you do/ are going
10. He__________ email before, so I__________ him how to use it.
A. did not use/ had shown B. had not used/ showed
C. has not used/ showed D. was not using/ will show
11. Doctor Pike______ the hospital after he______ an uneventful evening on duty. He_______ of his
day of rest.
A. was leaving/ has had/ thought B. left/ had had/ was thinking
C. will leave/ had/ will think D. is leaving/ will have/ thinks
12. She __________ me anything about that problem so far.
A. is not telling B. does not tell C. will not tell D. has not told
13. I think that everything________ ready for the project procedure by the end of next month.
A. will have been B. has been C. had been D. is
14. Be quiet! Someone__________ at the front door. I__________ it.
A. is knocking/ will answer B. knocks/ am answering
C. has knocked/ am going to answer D. will knock/ have answered
15. Kelvin and Martha __________ married in June.
A. are getting B. has got C. was getting D. will have got
16. Two lions __________ from the National Zoo, and the police __________ to catch them.
A. will escape/ try B. escaped/ had tried
C. have escaped/ are trying D. escape/ were trying
17. Oranges__________ rich in vitamin C, which__________ good for our health.
A. have been/ is B. are/ is C. are/ will be D. were/ has been
18. Let's go to Fuji for our summer holiday! - OK. It__________ good.