sonaturi forma

sonaturi ewodeba formas, romelic dafuZnebulia ori Temis

urTierTdapirispirebaze. pirveli gatarebisas isini kontrastulni arian
Tematuradac da tonaluradac (pirveli Tema mTavar tonalobaSi, meore _ damxmare
tonalobaSi), xoლo, damuSavebis Semdeg, Temebi tonalur erTiandebian, e.i. orive
Tema meordeba mTavar tonalobaSi. amrigad, sonaturi formisTvis damaxasiaTebelia
ori Temisa da maTTaნ dakavSirebuli ori tonaluri centris arseboba,
gameorebisas ki am Temebis tonaluri daaxloeba.
sonaturi forma Seicavs sam ZiriTad nawils: eqspozicia, damuSaveba, repriza.
sonaturi formis adreul nimuSebSi xdeboda nawilebis gameoreba iseve, rogorc
samnawilian formaSi _ eqspozicia meordeboda calke, damuSaveba da repriza _
erTad. xSirad meordeboda mxolod eqspozicia. beThovenis gviani periodis
sonatebidan dawyebuli, gameorebebi aRar gvxvdeba.
sonaturi formis pirvel nawilSi _ eqspoziciaSi mocemulia ZiriTadi
Tematuri masala. misi Semadgeneli nawilebia: mTavari, SemakavSirebeli, damxmare
da daskvniTi partiebi. mTavari partia ufro aqtiuri xasiaTisaa, xSirad igi Tavis
TavSi Seicavs kontrastul elementebs, rac xdeba impulsi Semdgomi
ganviTarebisaTvis. mocemulia ZiriTad tonalobaSi, xSirad periodis formiT
(damaxasiaTebeli araa kvadratuloba), zogjer martivi formiTac.
mTavarsa da damxmare partiebs Soris moTavsebulia SemakavSirebeli partia,
romlis ZiriTad funqcias warmoadgens damxmare Temis tonalobis momzadeba.
SemakavSirebeli partia SeiZleba agebuli iyos mTavar Temaze, SeiZleba masSi ukve
gamoCndes damxmare Temis intonaciebi, an Seicavdes axal Tematur masalas.
damxmare Tema ufro xSirad lirikuli xasiaTisaa. mocemulia axal
tonalobaSi. Tu mTavari tonaloba maJorulia, damxmare partia iwereba
umTavresad dominantur maJorSi, xolo, Tu mTavari tonaloba minorulia _
paralelur maJorSi, an dominantur minorSi.
daskvniTi partia ganamtkicebs damxmare partiis tonalobas. misTvis
damaxasiaTebelia saorRano punqti, xSiri kadansireba tonikaze. daskvniTi partia
ZiriTadad aigeba mTavari, an SemakavSirebeli partiis masalaze, zogjer
mocemulia maTi sinTezic. eqspoziciaSi, SemakavSirebel da damxmare partiebs
Soris zogjer mocemulia gardamavali Tema, romelic, Tavisi xasiaTiT,
uaxlovdeba damxmares. igi harmoniulad SedarebiT meryevia da amitom ver
asrulebs ZiriTadi Temis funqcias.
sonaturi formis meore nawili _ damuSaveba, meryev nagebobas warmoadgens.
masSi xdeba eqspoziciis Tematuri masalis Semdgomi ganviTareba. damuSavebisTvis
damaxasiaTebelia mzardi dinamiuroba, Temebis motivuri da ritmuli danawevreba,
sekvenciuri ganviTareba, tonalobaTa xSiri cvalebadoba, meryevi harmonia,
ganviTarebis polifoniuri xerxebis gamoyeneba. zogjer damuSavebaSi mocemulia
axali epizoduri Tema subdominantur tonalobaSi. igi umTavresad lirikuli
xasiaTisaa da uaxlovdeba damxmare partias.
damuSavebaSi SeiZleba gamoiyos ganviTarebis sami faza:
1. gadasvla eqspoziciidan damuSavebaze;
2. sakuTriv damuSaveba;
3. gadasvla damuSavebidan reprizaze.
reprizaze gadasvlis monakveTi aigeba mTavari tonalobis dominantur
harmoniaze, is amzadebs reprizaSi mTavari tonalobis gamoCenas.am monakveTs
ewodeba dominanturi prediqti. zogjer damuSavebaSi Cndeba mTavari Tema iseTive
faqturiT, rogorc eqspoziciaSi, rac TiTqos reprizis mauwyebelia, magram Tema
tardeba araZiriTad tonalobaSi, Semdeg ki grZeldeba damuSaveba. am SemTxvevaSi
saqme gvaqvs cru reprizasTan.
mesame nawili _ repriza, imeorebs eqspozicias garkveuli cvlilebebiT.
cvlileba, upirveles yovlisa, exeba tonalobas. yvela Tema tardeba ZiriTad
tonalobaSi. aseve SeiZleba Seicvalos Temebis masStabebi (gaizardos, an
Seikvecos), SeiZleba repriza daiwyos damxmare TemiT da mas mosdevdes mTavari
Tema. aseT reprizas ewodeba sarkiseburi. zogjer, reprizis Semdeg, kodis win,
mocemulia meore damuSaveba. sonatur formas SeiZleba hqondes Sesavali da koda.
sonaturi formis gansakuTrebuli saxeebia:
1. sonata damuSavebis gareSe. igi Seicavs mxolod or nawils _ eqspoziciasa
da reprizas, xolo maT Soris mocemulia mcire SemakavSirebeli nageboba, an
sulac _ erTi akordi. es forma damaxasiaTebelia sonatur-simfoniuri ciklis II
neli nawilebisTvis, aseve uvertiurebisTvis. vokalur musikaSi sonaturi forma
ZiriTadad damuSavebis gareSea.
2. sonata ormagi eqspoziciiT. es forma gvxvdeba sakoncerto JanrSi. masSi
mocemulia ori eqspozicia _ saorkestro da solistis. saorkestro eqspoziciaSi
Temebi mocemulia mTavar tonalobaSi, xolo solistis eqspoziciaSi tonalobaTa
damokidebuleba eqvemdebareba sonaturi formis saerTo kanonzomierebebs.