martivi formebi

martivi ewodeba formebs, romelTa Semadgeneli nawilebic, aRnagobis

sirTuliT, ar aRemateba periods. martivi formebi Seicaven erTi musikaluri
azris gadmocemas, mis Semdgom ganviTarebasa da dasrulebas. martiv formas
xSirad “sasimRero formas” uwodeben. nawilebis raodenobis mixedviT, martivi
formebi aris or da samnawiliani, Tematuri TvalsazrisiT _ erTgvarovani da
kontrastuli, dasrulebis mixedviT _ reprizuli da ureprizo.
martivi ornawiliani ewodeba formas, romlis TiToeuli nawili
aRnagobiT periodze rTuli ar aris. misTvis damaxasiaTebelia SedarebiT mcire
moculoba, xSirad kvadratulia. martivi ornawiliani forma aris reprizuli
da ureprizo.
reprizul formaSi I nawili warmoadgens periods. II nawilis I monakveTi
(Suaguli) aviTarebs I nawilis melodiur masalas, an agebulia axal Tematur
elementebze. meore monakveTi warmoadgens reprizas, oRond repriza pirvel
nawils (periods) imeorebs ara mTlianad, aramed mis erT winadadebas (ufro
xSirad meores), SesaZloa gameordes cvlilebebiT. martivi ornawiliani
reprizuli formis zogadi sqemaa aa1 ba1, aa1 ba2 da a.S. martivi ornawiliani
formis Sua nawilebs, romlebic I nawilis melodiur masalazea agebuli,
ganmaviTarebeli Sua nawilebi ewodeba, xolo axali Tematuri masalis gaCenis
SemTxvevaSi _ kontrastuli Sua nawili.
ureprizo martivi ornawiliani forma ar Seicavs Tematur reprizas. meore
nawili SeiZleba aviTarebdes I nawilis musikalur masalas (ganmaviTarebeli), an
agebuli iyos axal Tematur masalaze (kontrastuli). kontrastuli saxis
martivi ornawiliani formebi damaxasiaTebelia sasmRero da sacekvao
JanrebisaTvis. vokalur musikaSi kontrastuli ornawiliani formis gamoyeneba
xSirad ganpirobebulia sityvieri teqstiT, romelsac ar esadageba repriza,
radgan ar Seicavs teqstis gameorebas da nawilebs Soris kontrastul
dapirispirebas iTxovs (sqema: aa1 bb1, aa1 bc ...). xSirad am formiT warmodgenilia
kupleti misamReriT.
martivi samnawiliani ewodeba formas, romlis nawilebi aRnagobiT
periodze rTuli ar aris. ornawilianis msgavsad, samnawiliani formac aris
reprizuli da ureprizo. gansxvavebiT ornawiliani formisagan, reprizul
samnawilian formaSi reprizaSi sruli saxiT meordeba pirveli nawili

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(periodis forma). Sua nawilebis musikaluri masalis Sesabamisad, gvxvdeba
martivi samnawiliani formis Semdegi saxeebi:
1. ganmaviTarebeli Sua nawiliT, sadac mocemulia I nawilis Temis Semdgomi
ganviTareba. am tipis Sua nawilebidamuSavebiTi xasiaTisa. maTTvis
damaxasiaTebelia ZiriTadi melodiuri masalis calkeuli intonaciebis
gamoyofa da maTi damuSaveba.
2. erTTemiani, sadac Sua nawilSi ucvlelad meordeba I nawili,mxolod sxva
tonalobaSi
3. kontrastuli Sua nawiliT, romelic agebulia axal Tematur masalaze.
aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac gaerTianebulia ganmaviTarebeli da kontrastuli
Sua nawilebi, anu mocemulia I nawilis Tematuri ganviTarebac da axali
masalac.
martivi samnawiliani formis repriza SeiZleba iyos zusti (a b a) da
saxeSecvlili (a b a1). iSviaTad gvxvdeba ureprizo samnawiliani forma. igi ufro
damaxasiaTebelia vokaluri musikisTvis, sadac formis es Tavisebureba
dakavSirebulia sityvier teqstTan.
martivi formebi tonalurad dasrulebuli da Caketili nagebobebia. Sua
nawilebisTvis damaxasiaTebelia harmoniuli meryeoba. mTavrdeba Sua nawilebi
mTavari tonalobis dominantur harmoniaze, reprizaSi ki brundeba mTavari
tonaloba. tonalobis aRdgenas didi mniSvneloba aqvs ureprizo formebSi,
sadac, Tematuri reprizis uqonlobis gamo, tonaluri repriza formis
gamTlianebis aucilebeli pirobaa.
martiv formebSi xSiria nawilebis gameoreba. samnawilian formaSi
pirveli nawili meordeba calke, meore da mesame _ erTad: (||:a:||:b a1:||). zogjer
meordeba marto meore da mesame nawili. am dros viRebT sqemas: (a b a1 b a1). aseT
formas uwodeben martiv sam-xuTnawilian formas. mas aqvs rondoseburi
aRnagobis niSnebic. nawilebis saxeSecvlili gameorebis SemTxvevaSi iqmneba
ormagi samnawiliani forma: (a b a1 b1 a2).
martivi formebi xSirad gvxvdeba damoukidebeli saxiT vokalur da
instrumentul piesebSi. igi aseve SeiZleba iyos rTuli formis Semadgeneli
nawili.

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 Zveleburi ornawiliani forma

XVII-XVIII saukuneebSi gavrcelebuli iyo e. w. Zveleburi ornawiliani

forma, romelic gvxvdeba Zveleburi suitis calkeul nawilebSi, preludiebSi,
saopero ariebSi.
Zveleburi ornawiliani forma erTafeqturi formaa – II nawili agebulia I
nawilis Temis gaSla-ganviTarebaze. axasiaTebs simetriuli tonaluri gegma. I
nawili mTavrdeba dominantur tonalobaSi, an mTavari tonalobis dominanturi
harmoniiT, meore nawili ki iwyeba dominantur tonlobaSi, an dominanturi
harmoniiT da bolos aRwevs mTavar tonalobas. amrigad myardeba tonaluri
simetria _ T-D, D-T. xSirad nawilebi cal-calke zustad meordeba.
Zveleburi ornawiliani forma ZiriTadad ureprizoa, magram zogjer, II
nawilis bolos, mTavar tonalobaSi meordeba I nawilis bolo taqtebi, rac,
Tavdapirvelad, dominantur tonalobaSi iyo warmodgenili. am TvalsazrisiT,
Zveleburi ornawiliani forma ganixileba, rogorc Zveleburi sonaturi formis
winapiroba.
xSirad, Zveleburi ornawiliani formis II nawilis masStabebi
gafarToebulia da mniSvnelovnad aRemateba I nawils, amasTan, II nawlSi
gvxvdeba sakadanso brunvebi, romlebic calkeul monakveTebad yofen mas. es ki
ornawilian formas Zveleburi samnawiliani formis Tvisebebs aniWebs.
amrigad, Zveleburi samnawiliani forma Zveleburi ornawiliani
formidanaa amozrdili. zogjer rTuli xdeba formis erTmniSvnelovnad
gansazRvra, am SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba forma ganisazRvros, rogorc Zveleburi
or-samnawiliani forma.