Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dhoixùis foaikmdfms
Rfmhs dôs`mdhs
Dhoixùis Foaikmdfms
\hlh
\hlh qu
qui
qufkmtfvhs, i siti
i` í Dr
Drms
msth
th,, `f
fspidths`fom
omei
eist
lfs stfo
folh
lh-s
-sii prmodmpfms
qufkmlflis i` sisiti
ti li
fs
fspi
pidt
dths
hs
Lius.
ioiramf
`fotir
`fo f `hvir-si
tir-ohs-æ ou` dh`h
-ohs-æ is
istfl
tflhhu`lirmhfut
liçodh
Kuzdh
futço ftrfvís
çxtfsiilhsis
çxtfs dnfdrfs,
ispmr
pmrmtufk, ikf
mtufk, li
fkiarmf i sf÷li pireimtfs. Khah li `fonä fh fdhrlfr piáf` pfrf
qui f vhotfli li Lius sigf eimtf i` thlfs fs lidmsùis qui
th`fri` lurfoti h lmf. Ziáf` f Lius qui riviki f suf vhotfli
of vhssf vmlf. Liviräh lmzir fhs Frdfoghs holi í qui quiri` f
fgulf, `fs sigf` ispidàdhs ofs vhssfs hrfáùis i fr`fáùis
shbri hs vhsshs hbgivhs lmærmhs i tir`moi` lmziolh qui sigf
eimth sh`ioti li fdhrlh dh` f vhotfli li Lius. Zfrf dflf lmf
lf si`fof, ixmsti` u` IKHNM@, u` FRDFOGH i u` DNHNFO
qui si lilmdf` fh sirvmáh li mrrflmfáäh lf Kuz li u` lhs Titi
Rfmhs, fquikf Kuz qui, tf`bí`, ehr`f h dhrph dfusfk li dflf
pisshf.
Dnhnfo7 @istri
Frdfogh7 @MAYIKFsdiosmhoflh IK @HR]F
(Tiu Dh`pki`ioth Lmvmoh7 EÍ)
Lmvmoh7
Ikhnm`7 NÍRDYKIT (Tiu Dh`pki`ioth Lmvmoh7 F@FWHOF)
Afolnm
@iosfai`7
@iosfai`7 Livhti sius `iknhr
`iknhris
is sio`
sio`ioths
ioths f issi rfmh,
f e` listi
hráf li quirfmh
oähfzuk
si trfzi-kh
pirdf, `fms, si lisvmfr
li vhktf lh df`monh,
fh df`monh piáf
li kuz. I` f
sufs
`ilm
`ilmtf
tfáù
áùiis, fp
fpiiki pf
pfrf
rf h rfrfmh
mh fz
fzuk
uk i h Frdrdfo
foggh @m
@mau
auiik i
fprhvimti pfrf fprm`hrfr siu dfrætir, siu ti`pirf`ioth i ridrmi
suf futh`iknhrf.
Lhos isp
Lhos ispmrm
mrmtuf
tufms7
ms7 Lmriáäh i prhtiáäh lmvmof3 kmbirtfáäh lh
`ilh i lf l÷vmlf3 hrtfkidm`ioth lf í3 fpirimáhf`ioth lf
fk`f
fk`f .
Tirvmá
Tirvmáh
h `u
`uol
olmf
mfk7
k7 Mos
Mospmr
pmrfáä
fáäh
h li kàl
kàliri
iris3
s3 fpi
fpiri
rimáh
máhf`i
f`ioth
oth
lhs ahvirohs. Hs Nh`ios li istflh, kàliris i hrafomzflhris,
phli` pilmr fgulf fhs Frdfoghs @mauik i Eí, i fh f`flh Ik
@hryf, pfrf `iknhr du`prmri` f suf tfrif.
Ti h oh
ohss
ssh
h tr
trfb
fbfk
fknh
nh eh
ehrr `umt
`umth
h ix
ixma
maio
ioti
ti i v
vir
ir`h
`hss li
du`prmr prfzhs.
Ti lisigfr`hs
h Frdfogh ukmzfr
@mauik i sius hs drmstfms
foghs pfrf istfr
li prhtiáäh, i` dhotfth
phli`hs dh`
siaumr fs
siaumotis7
siaumotis7 suaistùis7
qui
pfrfkfkidhoixäh
pfrf dhqui`
kh fh dhrp h, efz
rph, `i
`io ítf
o f kmz
suf
tfkm zfomotioáäh
fol `ipi
lh f kmkm` liphms
zf i dhrrir
piz f qu
quibdh`
rf ikf
ibrf lf
oiafvmlfli.
Ufki
`fot
`f f m`phrtfoti
otir
ir k÷dml
k÷dmlhs ‛lmdf‐
hs i dh
dhos
osdm oistis
dmiotiss lilmfs
ioti i`
ohssh qui
ohssh pfpikpridmsf`hs
pfpi k li
liot
otrh
rh liohs
list
stii
m`phrtfoti `h`ioth ispmrmtufk, holi f bhf motioáäh i h dhrfáäh
vhktflh fh ‛Bi` @fmhr‐ næ li privfkidir! Fuxmkmf i` tirfpmfs li
riarissäh f vmlfs pfssflfs. Í usflf i` `ilmtfáäh pfrf efdmkmtfr
dfofkmzfáäh.
Hknh li \mari
Dhr7 f`frikh-isdurh
Dhr7 f`frikh-isdurh dh` rmsdfs dfstfonfs
Euoáùis
Euoáùis77 prhtiáäh li mouçodmfs oiafvfs, fu`iotf f futh
is`f, fgulf f dh`bftir lipiolçodmfs.
Æauf-@frmonf
Dhr7 fzuk-isvirliflh
Dhr7
Kæpms-kfz÷km
Dhr7 fzuk-brmknfoti
Dhr7 fzuk-brmknfoti
@iosfai`7 Vu
@iosfai`7 Vuii f lmvlmvmof
mof sfb
fbiilh
lhrm
rmff i mku
ku`m
`mo
ofá
fáäh
äh si
`fom
`f omei
eist
sti`
i` ri riqu
qufk
fkm
mdf
dfol
olh
h f io ioir
iram
amff lh si siuu dh
dhrp
rph
h s
smd
mdh,
h,
purmdfolh-h li thlfs fs m`pireimáùis. Iovmfolh pfrf thlhs hs
dnfd
dnfdrf
rfss th
thlf
lf f io
ioiriram
amff vmtf
vmtfk.
k. @i
@ilm
lmti
ti si
si`p
`pri ri i mo
movh
vhqu
quii hs
`istris, guotf`ioti dh` h frdfogh Ghik, pfrf qui fs sufs
qufkmlflis lmvmofs si `fomeisti`.
Fgul
Fgulff præ
ræ
df
df77 Fg
Fgul
ulff of fs
fssm
sm`m
`mkf
kfáä
áäh
h li mo
moeh
ehr`
r`fá
fáùi
ùiss fh
istulfr pfrf hs ixf`is3 lmsshkuáäh lf maohrâodmf, lh hrauknh i
lfs km`mtfáùis lf `ioti i of kmbirtfáäh li vàdmhs.
Tirvmá
Tirvmáh
h `u
`uololmf
mfk7
k7 Rivikfáäh li irrhs oh ahviroh i ofs
i`prisfs, fgulf of kutf dhotrf f phkumáäh i km`pizf lh pkfoitf.
Hs Zrheisshris, kôshehs i iludflhris, phli` pilmr fgulf fhs
Frdfoghs Ghpnmik i Drmsof, fhs Foghs lf Mku`mofáäh i fh f`flh
Tionhr Kfoth, pfrf `iknhr du`prmri` f suf tfrief.
Fr`fáäh7
Fr`fáäh7 I` I` oh`i lf `monf Zrisioáf lh Iu Thu, iu
pir`mth qui h `iu Iu Tupirmhr `i aumi i` thlfs fs `monfs
lidmsùis listi lmf. @umtfs lfs ohssfs mlimfs vç`-ohs lh Frdfogh
Ghpnmik i lhs Foghs lf mku`mofáäh, qui ohs pusirf` i` dhotfth
dh` f `ioti li Lius, f ehoti li thlf f drmfvmlfli… Fgulf`-
ohs f dhotftfr h ohssh Iu Tupirmhr i f fbshrvir moehr`fáùis i
lisiovhkvir ohvfs dfpfdmlflis. H hbgivh prm`ærmhli Ghpnmik í
kmbi
kmbirt
rtfr
fr-o
-ohs
hs lf maoh
maohrâo
râodm
dmf,
f, i` ririkf
kfáäh
áäh ê oh
ohss
ssff uo
uoml
mlfl
flii dh
dh`
`
Lius. H Frdfogh Ghpnmik i fs sufs kiamùis li Foghs, phli`
iosmofr i fgulfr f rivisr-ohs lf @ioti Dràsdf i B÷lmdf, i f
Lius .
flqumrmr f motikmaçodmf motirmhr li Lius.
Foghs brmknfotis
i f `monf `ioti!lfs fkturfs istikfris, sfturi` li kuz h `iu sir,
`ioti!
H Frdfogh Ghik
Dmtrmoh
Dhr7
Dhr7 f`frikf P
Euoáùis7
Euoáùis7 iqumkmbrf h pkixh shkfr iodhrfgf f fkiarmf, fl`mrfáäh,
iodfoth i iotusmfs`h i ffstf h oiafvh.
Zilrf lh shk
Dhr7
Dhr7 f`frikf
Lho
hoss is
ispm
pmrm
rmtu
tufm
fms7
s7 Lisiovhkvm`ioth lh F`hr, dh`pfmxäh,
`msirmdôrlmf, Drmfvmlfli i pirläh, lmsshkuáäh li sio`ioths
li lisf`hr phr sm prôprmh, Futh- dholiofáäh i efktf li futh
is`f3 pripfrfáäh pfrf ridibir h Ispàrmth Tfoth.
dh`h ‛fs ehráfs lh fo- f`hr‐. Fh Foghs lhs F`hr säh tf`bí`
ispi
ispidm
dmfk
fkms
mstf
tfss i` th
thro
rofr
fr f oh
ohss
ssff vm
vmlf
lf `f
`fms
ms eædm
eædmk.
k. H Fr
Frdf
dfog
ogh
h
Dnf`uik lismaofræ Foghs pfrf ohs fgulfri` of ohssf vmlf lmærmf
dh`h si zissi` pfrti lh ohssh stf pisshfk. Ikis säh pirmths
i` `iknhrfr f dh`uomdfáäh iotri fs pisshfs. H F`hr, fpiofs h
FRDFOGH DNF@YIK
H oh
ohss
ssh
h dhdhrf
rfáä
áäh
h isv
vir
ir ioluluri
ridm
dmlh
lh i dndniimh li i`h`háù
áùiis
oiaf
oiafv
vfs
fs,, tf
tfms
ms dh`
dh`h7
h7 mo
movi
vigf
gf,, f`
f`fr
frau
aurf
rf hu momodfp
dfpfdm
fdmlf
lfli
li li
pirläh3
\mvir`hs h dhrfáäh bkhquiflh pikf liprissäh i lisâom`h3
Zilm`hss hrm
Zilm`h hrmiot
iotfáä
fáäh
h ohs rik
rikfdm
fdmhof
hof`io
`ioths
ths i ilu
iludfáä
dfáäh
h si`
si`pri
pri
qui3
Vufrtzh Rhsf
h dhrph i`hdmhofk.
Dfkdmtf Rhsf pækmlh
Dnf`f \rmof
F ph
phlilirh
rhsf
sf Dn
Dnf`
f`ff \r
\rmo
moff i u` ‛d
‛dffkmdi
k mdi sf
sfar
arfl
flh‐
h‐ qu
quii
ti`hs oh dhrfáfh, h qufk dhoti` u` fth`h dugf istruturf i
lmeirioti lh risth lh ohssh dhrph. Issi fth`h lmeiriodmflh
`fti
`f tirm
rmfk
fkmmzf
zf-s
-sii oh `h
`h`i
`iooth lf dh dho
odi
dipá
páffh , hu sigf
sigf,, oh
`h`ioth lf eiduolfáfh lh hvukh. Oissi `h`ioth ehr`f-si f
di
Oissi
Ois kukf
si momdmfk
prh
prhdis qui
dissh, mrf `uktmpkmdfr-si
sh, qufo
qufolhlh h i`b
i`brmf rmf hlfolh
istf vmlf
istf i` ehrf u`
ehr`fáf
`fáfohvh sir.i
hh,, issi
iss
f tth`h
h`h ph phrt
rtfl
flhrhr lf Dn Dnf`
f`ff \r \rmmof i fodhfodhrrflflhh lio
liotr trhh lf
istruturf dikukfr qui vmrf f sir h dhrfáf h. h.
F Dnf`Dnf`ff \r\rmmof i h ohshssh
sh ph
pho oth li dh dhototft
fthh dh`
dh` f Ehot Ehotii
Yomvirsfk qui \ulh II (h Drmflhr Yomvirsfk, Lius). Ikf pir`mti
dhoi
dh oidt
dtfr
fr`h
`hss ohohss
ssfs
fs vm
vmlf
lfss eàssmdfs,
mdfs, trm trmlm`
lm`ios
iosmho
mhofms
fms,, dh` hs
pkfohs `fms sutms li ixmstiodmf, fki` li ieitufr`hs h dhotrhki
ioiraitmdh lhs ohsshs dnfdrfs. Zhr siu motir`ilmh phli`hs
afrfotmr i `fotir ohssf sfuli eàsmdf smdf i ispmrmtufk. Fki` lmssh, f
Dnf`f
bi `\rmof
tf`bi
tf` failfs
i u`f dh`h
`fmssuphrti
`fm s phl
phlirhlf
sfsvmlf
irhsfs eir oh pkfoh
eirrf`
rf`iot fs `ftirmfk,
iotfs pfrf
pfrf ohssf
ohssfi
fsdiosfh.
Hs aruphs kmafl
kmaflhs
hs f Erftir
Erftiromlfl
omlflii Brfodf ti
ti ` trfbfknflh dh`
istf Dnf`f i` prhk lh lispirtfr lhs siris nu`fohs, ftrfvis
li ixirdàdmhs
dmhs i lf ridmtfáfh li @fotrfs. Mssh vi` prhluzmolh
ixdikiotis risuktflhs,
fdissh f issfs moehr`f phri
moehr`fáh is,`fs`umths
áh siris nu`fohs
qufms livirmf` ofaflfs
sir lmvukh ti`
lmvukaflfs
i` thlhs hs oàvvims
ims lf `àllmf
mf `uolmfk. @fs issi trfbfknh li
lmvukafr h qui hs phlirhshs lf `àl lmf
mf ofh ti` pir`mtmlh i h
ohssh sirvmáh i` efvhr lf nu`fomlfli.
*Hs trçs prm`imrhs rfmhs qui ehr`f` f ohssf Dnf`f \rmof qui
istæ i` ohssh dhrfáäh i ti` `mkà`itrhs li tf`fonh. Vufolh
Gisus fsdiosmhohu, suf dnf`f trmof irf lh tf`fonh lh siu
dhrph fstrfk. Zfrf fsdiosmhofr, pridmsf`hs ixpfolmr f ohssf
dnf`f trmof.
Lmf7 Vufrtf-imrf/Tmaoh
Lmf7 Vufrtf-imrf/Tmaoh \hurh.
@iosfai`7 pr
prhd
hdur
urii fkdf
fkdfoá
oáfr
fr su
suff li
livm
vmlf
lf li
liti
tir`
r`mo
mofá
fáäh
äh
ftrfvís lf sfbilhrmf lf Kim Lmvmof i istfræ kmbirfolh suf ehráf
motirmhr. Lissf ehr`f, iotrfræ i` nfr`homf dhosmah `is`h i
dh` h siu `imh f`bmioti. @iotfkmzi f lmsshkuáäh áäh lfs
lm
lmvvir
iraç
açod
odmf
mfss i trf
rfo
oseh
sehr`
r`ii tu
tulh
lh i` f`h `hrr i iodh
dhot
otrrfr
frææ f
pkiomtuli. Ftui dh` hs `istris listi rfmh guotf`ioti dh` h
Frdfogh Afbrmik i fs fkiarmfs
f kiarmfs siräh fouodmflfs.
Lhos
Lhos isispm
pmrm
rmtu
tufm
fms7
s7 Lm
Lmri
ritr
trmz
mzis
is pf
pfrf
rf f susuff vm
vmlf
lf is
ispm
pmrm
rmtu
tufk
fk33
rivikfáäh lh pkfoh i lh prhpôsmth lf suf vmlf3 lmssmpfáäh lh
lisi
sioodh
dhrf
rfgf
gf`i
`iooth
th33 fgul
fgulfr
fr f tr trfz
fzir
ir eikmkmdm
dmlf
lfl
li, fkiar
kiarmf
mf i
rifkmzfáäh.
Tirvmáh
Tirvmáh `uolm
`uolmfk7
fk7 Fgulf of hrafomzfáäh li hpirfáùis pfrf
f `foutioáäh lf pfz, lmstrmbumáäh li fkm`ioths i fuxàkmh `ílmdh,
kivfolh dhoshkh ês và`fs li lisfstris ofturfms.
Zrhssùis7 Fr
Zrhssùis7 Frs
stf
tfs,
s, `÷
`÷sm
smdh
dhs,
s, is
isdu
dukt
kthr
hris
is,, frq
frqum
umti
tith
ths,
s,
pkfo
pkfom
mdfl
dflhr
hris
is,, pr
prhg
hgi
ist
stfs
fs,, ph
phli
li`
` pipilm
lmrr fgul
fgulff fh
fhss Fr
Frdf
dfog
oghs
hs
Afbrmik i Ispirfoáf, i fh f`flh Tiræpnms Biy i hs Tirfos li
Lius, pfrf `iknhr du`prmri` f suf tfrief.
Fr`fáäh7 I`
Fr`fáäh7 I` oh`i lf `monf Zrisioáf lh Iu Thu, iu
fpikh fhs Frdfoghs Afbrmik i Ispirfoáf, pfrf famri` dh`mah i
ftrfvís li `m`, pfrf `i fgulfri` f ridhonidir i f du`prmr h
`iu phtiodmfk `fms fkth oisti lmf i of `monf vmlf.
Y`f lf
Y`f lfss `i
`ikn
knhr
hris
is tí
tído
domd
mdfs
fs pf
pfrf
rf hb
hbti
tirr hr
hrmi
miot
otfá
fáäh
äh lh
Frdfogh Afbrmik i lhs Foghs lf hrmiotfáäh, í pilmr qui trfosrf`
moehr`fáùis pfrf f ohssf `ioti ioqufoth isvir`hs f lhr`mr.
H Frdfogh Afbrmik i fs sufs kiamùis phli` trfbfknfr tf`bí`
guotf`ioti dh` hs Tirfos, pfrf ohs fgulfr f purmdfr f ohssf
dhosdmçodmf, hs ohsshs dnfdrfs i f ohssf furf.
FRDFOGH AFBRMIK
Frdfogh
Frdfogh Afbrmik i Ispirfoáf. H Frdfogh Afbrmik smaomdf ‛H
Lmvmoh í f `monf ehráf‐, f suf dhr vfm li àolmah f brfodh i ti`
- Ti
Tio
or`
r`hs
hs oi
oiaf
afv
vml
mlfl
flii oh qu
quii ri
risp
spim
imtf
tf f tr
trfb
fbfk
fknh
nh/d
/dfs
fsff
/f`bmioti H Frdfogh Afbrmik mku`mof h df`monh qui ohs kivf ê
virlfli qui ixmsti oh ohssh dhrfáäh, fgulfolh-ohs f vir qufk í
h df`monh dirth qui ti`hs li siaumr dh` vmstf ê hbtioáäh lh
bi` `fmhr i fkiarmf supri`f.
\FOWFOM\F
MHKM\F
DFKDM\I FWYK
Fs squm
pisq
pi pisflh
sslhri
umsf hfris,
s s, p`í
irtlmdh
iodhs,
`ílm dis,otiio
s eir`
ioei f imrh
irhs,
r`im sts,
i mr`ä
mrr`ähs
fmhhs sli
äh df
drmlf
milfli
dfrm oli
stfsi,
durflhris.
Lho
hoss ispm
pmrm
rmtu
tufm
fms7
s7 Mot
Motiar
iarmlf
mlfli,
li, vm
vmsäh
säh,, vms
vmsäh
äh isp
ispmrm
mrmtuf
tufk,k,
mospmrfáäh lf virlfli.
Tirvm
Tirvmáh
áh `uo
`uolmf
lmfk7
k7 Ripfrfáäh lfs lmvmsùis iotri ofáùis,
trftf`ioth lhs eirmlhs oh df`ph li bftfknf, mospmrfáäh pfrf
ohvfs tirfpmfs oh trftf`ioth li lhioáfs.
Fr`fáäh7
Fr`fáäh7 I`
I` oh`i lf `monf Zrisioáf lh Iu Thu, iu
shu durflf pikh f`hr li Lius. \hlhs hs qui fpikf` ê @äi
@frmf, oäh sô istäh f lfr rivirçodmf ê pisshf li @frmf, `äi li
Gisus, `fs tf`bí` f tir fdissh ê ioiramf i fh phlir li Lius
dh`h @äi. Fs sufs `iosfaios trfzi` ispirfoáf, lmriáäh i u`
fvmsh sírmh pfrf f nu`fomlfli — f prhdurf li pfz oh ohssh
dhrfáäh, qui ohs iovhkvi qufolh pirlhf`hs uos fhs hutrhs i f
oôs — h df`monh pfrf istf pfz í ftrfvís lh F`hr Lmvmoh. - Fh
ioeriotfr`hs u` prhbki`f li sf÷li smdf hu `iotfk, livi`hs
FRDFOGH T. RFEFIK
fuxàkmh.
euoá
eu äh Ehrf`
oáäh pf
pfr drmflhs
rduk
dukfr
fr pfrfpfrf
pfrf li
lisiohs
si`p sirvmr
`pio
ionf r,i ph
nfr, dflf
phr
r msFrdfogh
mssh
sh í oiti`
oidi u`f
diss
ssær
ærmh
mh
IT@IRFKLF
Euoá
Euoáùi
ùis7
s7 Tfrf thlhs hs prhbki`fs, ispidmfk`ioti fs lh
dhrfáäh3 prh`hvi nfr`homf i f thtfkmlfli.
FUIO\YRMOF
Euo
uoááùis7 dur
ùis7 durflh
flhrfs
rfs i rid
ridhoe
hoehrt
hrtfot
fotis3
is3 io
iosmo
smoff f `hs
`hstrf
trfrr
f`hr i dh`pfmxäh3 fgulf f fbrmr h diotrh lh dhrfáäh.
DRMTHZRÆTMH
Umrtulis7
Umrtulis7 Zfz,
Zfz, Livháäh, rftiromlfli, @msirmdôrlmf i bholfli.
Fs lhtflfs
pisshfs pisshfs li
pirtiodiotis f isti rfmh
`umtf rikmamhsmlfli, quisäh sfdirlhtis,
si lilmdf` säh
f sirvmr
f nu`fomlfli, `umtfs vizis si` hbtir ridhonidm`ioth pikhs
sirvmáhs pristflhs. Isti rfmh istæ kmaflh fh dnfdrf lf bæsmdh suf
dhr7 vir`iknh/ rubm.
Lhos
lmsshkuáäh s isp
Lholi ispmrm
oôsmrmtuf
tufms7
li ms7 Zfzi motirmhr,
rfmvf `ilh oftrfoqumkmlfli
ohssf psmqui,li ispàrmth,
riohvfáäh
lf ispirfoáf.
Tirvmáh `uolm
Tirvmáh `uolmfk7
fk7 Zrh`háäh lf pfz, lf erftiromlfli i lh
iotiolm`ioth, gusáf ohs trmbuofms i iotri fs ofáù áùiis.
Zrhssùis7 Tfdirlhtis, ioeir`imrhs i thlhs hs qui fgulf` f
su
supr
prmr
mr fs Yrmik
Frdfoghs oi
oidi
diss
ssml
i mlfl
flis
is lh
Furhrf, pr
prôx
ôxm`
m`h,
ê @istrf h, ph
phli
Oflf,li`
f` pi
pilm
Gisus lmr
ir ffgul
fgCutnu`m,
ulff fh
fhss
pfrf `iknhr du`prmri` f suf tfrief.
FRDFOGH YRMIK
Dhris7 hurh/p÷rpurf/rubm
F`itrmof
F@I\RMOF
F@I\RMOF (ti` dhris li f`istf i lf dmtrmoh)
Euoáùis7
Euoáùis7 fkmvmf liprissùis i oiafvms`hs3
Lmf7 sæbflh/Fquærmh.
Fg
Fgul
ulff pr
præ
ædf
df77 Lmsshkuáäh lh cfr`f oiafvh3 lmsshkuáäh
lfs `i`ôrmfs lhkhrhsfs i lhs trfáhs oiafvhs lf
pirs
rsho
hofk
fkml
mlfl
fli3
i3 momosspmrf
pmrfáä
áäh
h pf
pfrf
rf dm
dmiio
osstfs
fs,, ioa
oaio
ion
nimrh
imrhss,
frqumtiths, fthris. F Dnf`f Umhkitf ehm afonf pfrf oôs phr Täh
Air`
r`fo
foh
h pfrfrff qu
quii ph
phsssf
sf`h
`hss limxf
imxfrr f \i \irr
rrff i fsd sdiiol
olir
ir..
Vufkml
Vufk mlfl
flis
is ququii phl hlii` sir f` f`ppkm
mdf
dfl
lfs pik ikff mo
movvhd
hdffáä
áähh7
Kmbirl
Kmbirlfli
fli33 gus
gusáf
áf33 thk
thkirâ
irâodm
odmf3
f3 `ms
`msirm
irmdôr
dôrlmf
lmf33 pi
pirläh
rläh33 fki
fkiarm
armf3
f3
trfos
trfos`ut
`utfáäh
fáäh33 trf
trfosd
osdiol
iolçod
çodmf3
mf3 lmp
lmpkh`
kh`fdm
fdmf3
f3 rmt
rmtufk
ufk33 lisigh
lisigh li
efzir thlfs fs dhmsfs ohvfs pikf fpkmdfáäh lfs kims lf Fkqum`mf.
Iu sh
shu
prisioti. u kmvr
kmvrii lh pf
pfsssf
sflh
lh fa
fahr
hrf.
f. Iu vm
vmvh
vh thtf
thtfk`
k`io
ioti
ti oh
FRDFOGH WFLVYMIK
H Frdfogh Wflqumik
í dhonidmlh dh`h h smaomdf
Fogh lh‛Gusáf Lmvmof‐,
pirläh, f suf dhrthkirâodmf
`msirmdôrlmf, í vmhkitf ii
Vuf
Vufolh
olh Zhr
ftuli. rid
ridus
usf`h
f`hss pir
ixi`pkh7pirlhf
iulhfr,
r, pi
isthupir`f
r`foid
oidi`h
i`hs
molmaoflf s ou`
ou`f
phrqui f prm
prmsäh
tionh säh li
rfzäh!
@fms lh qui mssh, fh oäh pirlhfr`hs dhostruà`hs u` `urh qui
pfssf f bkhquifr `umtf lf fgulf qui hs Foghs ohs trfzi` i fssm`
df`hs prishs fh pfssflh, phms oäh istf`hs f dhosiaumr vmvir h
`h`ioth prisioti, oi` farflidir fqumkh qui ti`hs li bh` i
qui ohs í heiridmlh i` dflf f`fonidir.
Lisigfr`
Lisig fr`hs
hs trf
trfos`
os`ut
utfr
fr ioi
ioiram
ramfs
fs lio
liosfs
sfs i oia
oiafv
fvfs
fs i`
ioiramf phsmvf lisigfr`hs ri`hvir hs hbstædukhs qui istigf`
ohssf vmlf si qumsir`hs trfos`utfr h ohssh cfr`f oiafvh si
lisigfr`hs lmsshkvir cfr`fs pkfoitærmhs qui lirmvf` li auirrfs
i hutrhs ivioths oiafvhs.
F`istf
Euoáùis7 durf
durfv
vff tr
trfo
fose
sehr
hr`f
`f/t
/trrfo
fos`
s`u
utf ioir
iram
amfs
fs
bkhquiflfs, iodhrfgf h drisdm`ioth ispmrmtufk.
Dnfrhàti
Euo
uoáù
áùis
is77 trf
trfos
oshr`
hr`flh
flhrr isp
ispmrm
mrmtuf
tufkk lis
lisbkh
bkhqui
quimf
mf h dnf
dnfcrf
crf
dhrhoærmh trfos`utf oiafvh.
Frdfogh
Frdfogh Wfl
Wflqum
qumik
ik,, fgu
fgulf-
lf-`i
`i f pi
pirlh
rlhfr
fr Frdf
Frdfogh
ogh Wfl
Wflqum
qumik,
ik,
fgulf-`i f pirlhfr-`i Frdfogh Wflqumik, fgulf-`i f
lisiovhkvir thkirâodmf
thkirâodmf pfrf dh`mah i pfrf dh` hs hutrhs.
H FRDFOGH @I\F\RHO
Istæ isdrmth qui iki ‛df`monfvf dh` Lius‐ i qui ehm kivflh
pfrf h Zfrfàsh holi ehm eimth frdfogh. \i` f risphosfbmkmlfli li
sir h sustiotædukh lf vmlf nu`fof, famolh dh`h ikh li kmafáäh
iotri h Lmvmoh i f ispídmi nu`fof. Zhli`hs prhdurfr dhosiknh
guoth liki, pilmolh-kni qui ohs fguli f iodhotrfr f `ilmlf
dirtf pfrf thlhs hs fths lf ohssf vmlf. F u` litir`moflh oàvik,
ixms
mstç
tçod
odmmf sfu
siriomlfli. fulæ
lævvik iti`iq
\f`bí` iqum
umkmkmbr
phlir brfl
flf,
f, pohs
pfrf kio
kioffgulfr
li nqufolh
fr`
fr`ho
homf
mfohsi
isehráf`hs pfrf qui u`f litir`moflf dhmsf euodmhoi, sigf h
qui ehr7 lisli tiotfr efzir qui u`f rikfáäh smaf i` erioti,
pirlir pish hu fbfolhofr u` næbmth hu vàdmh qui ohs istigf f
prigul
prigulmdf
mdfr,
r, hu fmolf
fmolf quf
qufolh
olh qui quiri`
ri`hs
hs i`p
i`pion
ionfr`
fr`h-o
h-ohs
hs li
fk`f
fk`f i dh dhrf
rfáä
áäh
h ouou`
` tr
trfb
fbfk
fknh
nh li iq iqum
umpf
pf.. Zhli
Zhli`h
`hss hrhrfr
fr fh
Frdf
Frdfog
ogh
h @i
@itftftr
trho
ho,, pi
pilm
lmol
olh-k
h-kni
ni qu quii oh
ohss fgul
fgulii f io
iodh
dhot
otrf
rfrr f
`ilmlf dirtf i` thlfs fs ohssfs fvmlflis i fáùis.
Hs siarilhs lh @ircfbfn
Í u`f trflmáäh `àstmdf lf dfbfkf
dfbfkf qui
qui ritrftf h @ircfbfn hu \rhoh hu Dfrrh li Lius, qui
phlmf submr hu lisdir ftrfvís li lmeiriotis dâ`frfs hu pfkædmhs dikistmfms dhonidmlhs
dh`h Nicnfkht - h ÷ktm`h likis rivikfvf f lmvmof Akôrmf li Lius. Lurfoti h piràhlh lh
Tiauolh \i`pkh, f Umsäh li Iziqumik
Iziqumik ehm
ehm motirpritflf dh` u` vüh `àstmdh pfrf h díu, i
hs `àstmdhs dfbfkmstfs lisiovhkvirf` u`f tídomdf pfrf usfr h sà`bhkh lh @ircfbfn dh`h
photh ehdfk lf `ilmtfáäh. H `àstmdh efrmf u`f vmfai` motirmhr pfrf hs siti pfkædmhs i
usfrmf hs oh`is `æamdhs sidriths pfrf afrfotmr u`f pfssfai` siaurf phr dflf u`
liki
li kis.
s. Ftí bi
bi`
` riridio
dioti`
ti`io
ioti,
ti, is
issis
sis prh
prhdil
dilm`i
m`ioth
othss i eô
eôr`u
r`ukf
kfss `às
`àstmd
tmdfs
fs sô ir
irf`
f`
dhonidmlhs pikhs istulmhshs lf Dfbfkf.
virlfl
virlflii qu
quib
ibrfrfol
olh
h mku
mkusù
sùis
is..
.... ft
ftrf
rfví
víss lh
lhss sh
shon
onhs
hs vh
vhdç
dç ri
ridi
dibi
birf
rf fs
virlflis, iki mræ ixpfolmr f suf dhosdmçodmf i f`pkmfr f suf motumáäh.
Fahrf,
Fahr f, si fp
fprh
rhxm
xm`f
`f li vh
vhdç
dç `f
`fms
ms lh
lhms
ms si
siri
ris,
s, qu
quii is
istä
tähh kn
knii mo
motu
tumr
mr i
hrmiotfr, istäh dh` u` drmstfk i` `ähs, isti drmstfk trfz h iqumkàbrmh iotri
fs ioiramfs istrikfris i fs ioiramfs lf tirrf, trfziolh f siosfáäh li
ftirrf`ioth i tf`bí` li ixpfosäh, kmafáäh dh` h pkfoh ispmrmtufk i dh`
h pkfoh istikfr, ikis guotf` isti drmstfk i iotriaf` pfrf u` fkqum`mstf
qui istæ fkm, isti fkqum`mstf `msturf dh` f issçodmf lf tirrf i oôs
ehr`f`hs h ikmxmr lh hrfk. Issi hrfk trfræ h iqumkàbrmh lh ymoa i lh yfoa,
iotri h díu i f tirrf i mræ kni trfzir u`f siosfáäh molisdrmvik li
iqumkàbrmh, í u`f siosfáäh prheuolf i fdimtfáäh lh thlh, qui oäh næ
pfkfvrfs pfrf lisdrivir h tf`fonh lh iqumkàbrmh qui issi hrfk phli
trfz
trfzir
ir,, vh
vhdç
dç si
siræ
ræ df
dfpf
pfzz li si
sio
orr u`
u`ff pm
pmtf
tflf
lf li
liss
ssii iq
iqum
umkàkàbr
brmh
mh oi
oiss
ssii
`h`ioth. I fahrf issi arfoli fkqum`mstf istrikfr dhkhdf ofs sufs `ähs
vhktflfs pfrf f tirrf i lh diotrh lf tirrf iki puxf u`f ehrti ioiramf, i
dhkhdfolh f hutrf `äh oh diotrh lh uomvirsh iki puxf u`f hutrf ioiramf,
ehr`folh u` ehrti drmstfk dh` rfmhs, ikitrmdmlfli, i liotrh lissi drmstfk
ti` u` ikmxmr í `umth ispidmfk, issi hrfk iki trfbfknf h smsti`f lmaisvh
fgulfolh vhdç f lmairmr ohvfs mlimfs, ohvhs dhodimths, h lmairmr i fdimtfr
hutrfs ehr`fs hutrhs dhonidm`ioths, fquikfs pisshfs qui rikutf` i`
ixpfolmr sufs dhosdmçodmfs, hu ti` lmduklfli i` fssm`mkfr litir`moflhs
dhonidm`ioths fbstrfths, dhonidm`ioths qui ehai` lf rfzäh, `fs qui
istäh kmaflhs fh sior, issi hrfk í pfrf vhdç, issi hrfk ftufræ oh siu
lisiovhkvir lh sior, fkí` lf suf futh dhofoáf ofqumkh qui sioti.
Fahrf `is`h isti fkqum`mstf kfoáf fs `ähs shbri vhdç i puxf u` phudh
li ioiramf vmtfk (idthpkfs`f), `fs dfk`f iki vfm ti livhkvir, iki `fompukf
issf ioiramf vmtfk i likf brhtf u` drmstfk u` bkhdh li oivi, issi drmstfk
lirriti ehr`folh u` ikmxmr, issi prôxm`h ikmxmr iki í eimth ispidmfk`ioti
pfrf vhdç, qui istæ efziolh h dursh fahrf, h hrfk lh siu rfmh dôs`mdh,
issi hrfk vhdç livi th`fr iki thlhs hs lmfs, si phssàvik thlf f suf vmlf,
iki kni trfræ dkfrizf, lh qui vi` f sir f suf issçodmf, lh qui vi` f sir
suf virlfli, lh qui vi` f sir issiodmfk pfrf vhdç, iki `hstrfræ f suf
`mssäh li vmlf h qui vhdç istæ efziolh of tirrf oissi piràhlh i tf`bí`
`hstrfrf h qui vhdç livi efzir pfrf si iodhotrfr, pfrf iodhotrfr h siu
df`monh. Uhktfr pfrf dfsf, du`prmr suf `mssäh, iotritfoth issi vhktfr
pfrf dfsf du`prmr suf `mssäh ispmrmtufk, dflf u` ti` u`f issçodmf i u`f
`mssäh ispidàdf. Ridibf iotäh issi ikmxmr, issi hrfk...
ARF\MLÄH (4^)