LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

GROUP NAMES: YEAR/SECTION: SBECE-3A DATE: 9/9/2022

1. Emmanuel J. Generale

2. Jade B. Bermas

3. Earl Alistair Junio

4. Karl Andrei Paduit

I. Instruction:
➢ Solve the following problems.
➢ Write your solutions in a clean paper with screen shots of circuit simulations. Label the waveforms on the
oscilloscope (input/outut.)
➢ Simulate the circuits in Multisim with transistor parameters edited based on the given
values (, ro), use 2N3904 NPN Transistor
Forward Early Voltage (VAF)= ro * ICQ - VCEQ

II. Multisim Instrument Setup

Input signal: Vi = 5 mVp at 10 Khz Sinewave

 LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

III. Activity no. 1A.

VOLTAGE-DIVIDER CONFIGURATION, BIAS CE AMPLIFIER

a) Determine re
b) Calculate Zi and Zo
c) Find Av
d) Repeat part (b) and (c) with ro = 25K
 LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

IV. Activity no. 1B.

EMITTER-BIAS CONFIGURATION, CE AMPLIFIER

a) Determine re
b) Calculate Zi and Zo
c) Find Av
d) Repeat part (b) and (c) with ro = 20K
 LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

V. Activity no. 1C.

FIXED-BIAS CONFIGURATION, CE AMPLIFIER

a) Calculate Zi and Zo
b) Find Av
c) Repeat part (b) and (c) with ro = 20K
 LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

I. Activity no. 1A.

(Write the theoretical solutions HERE)

Computing first the 𝐕𝐀𝐅 , Vth, Rth, 𝐈𝐁 and 𝐈𝑬 :

𝐕𝐀𝐅 = 𝐑𝐨 × 𝐈𝐂𝐐 - 𝐕𝐂𝐄𝐐 = (50 𝐤 Ω)(0.813 mA) – 8 volts = 70.5 volts

𝐕𝐜𝐜 ×𝐑𝟐 𝟏𝟔 𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐬 ×𝟒.𝟕 𝐤 Ω

Vth = = = 1.72 volts
𝐑𝟏+𝐑𝟐 𝟑𝟗 𝐤 Ω+ 𝟒.𝟕 𝐤 Ω

𝐑𝟏×𝐑𝟐 𝟑𝟗 𝐤 Ω ×𝟒.𝟕 𝐤 Ω
Rth = = = 4.19 kΩ
𝐑𝟏+𝐑𝟐 𝟑𝟗 𝐤 Ω + 𝟒.𝟕 𝐤 Ω

𝐕𝐭𝐡−𝐕𝐛𝐞 𝟏.𝟕𝟐 𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐬−𝟎.𝟕 𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐬

𝐈𝐁 = = = 8.13 µA
𝐑𝐭𝐡+(𝛃 +𝟏)𝐑𝐄 𝟒.𝟏𝟗𝐤 Ω+(𝟏𝟎𝟎 +𝟏)(𝟏.𝟐𝐤 Ω)

𝐈𝐄 = (𝛃 + 𝟏)𝐈𝐁 = (𝟏𝟎𝟎 + 𝟏)(𝟖. 𝟏𝟑 µ𝐀) = 0.821 mA

a.) Determine re
𝟐𝟔 𝐦𝐯 𝟐𝟔 𝐦𝐯
re = = = 31.7 Ω = re = 31.71 Ω
𝐈𝐄 𝟎.𝟖𝟐𝟏 𝐦𝐀

b.) Calculate Zi and Zo

𝟒.𝟏𝟗𝐤 Ω ×𝟑.𝟏𝟕𝐤 Ω
Zi = 𝐑𝐭𝐡 || 𝛃𝐫𝐞 = = 1.82 kΩ = Zi = 1.82 kΩ
𝟒.𝟏𝟗𝐤 Ω +𝟑.𝟏𝟕𝐤 Ω

𝟑.𝟗 𝐤 Ω ×𝟓𝟎 𝐤 Ω
Zo = 𝐑𝐜 || 𝐑𝐨 = = 3.62 kΩ = Zo = 3.62 kΩ
𝟑.𝟗 𝐤 Ω +𝟓𝟎𝐤 Ω

c.) Find Av
𝐑𝐜 || 𝐑𝐨 𝐙𝐨 𝟑.𝟔𝟐 𝐤Ω
Av = − = − =− = 114 Av = -114.2
𝐫𝐞 𝐫𝐞 𝟎.𝟎𝟑𝟏𝟕𝟏

d.) Repeat part (b) and (c) with ro = 25K

𝐕𝐀𝐅 = 𝐑𝐨 × 𝐈𝐂𝐐 - 𝐕𝐂𝐄𝐐 = (25 𝐤 Ω)(0.813 mA) – 8 volts = 12.325 volts

Zi = 1.82 kΩ same as when Ro = 50 kΩ

𝟑.𝟗 𝐤 Ω ×𝟐𝟓 𝐤 Ω
Zo = 𝐑𝐜 || 𝐑𝐨 = = 3.37 kΩ = Zo = 3.37 kΩ
𝟑.𝟗 𝐤 Ω +𝟐𝟓 𝐤 Ω

𝟑.𝟗 𝐤 Ω || 𝟐𝟓 𝐤 Ω 𝐙𝐨 𝟑.𝟓 𝐤Ω
Av = − =− =− = Av = -110.4
𝟎.𝟎𝟑𝟏𝟕𝟏 𝐫𝐞 𝟎.𝟎𝟑𝟏𝟕𝟏
 LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

II. Activity no. 1B.

(Write the theoretical solutions HERE)

Computing first the 𝐕𝐀𝐅 , 𝐈𝐁 and 𝐈𝑬 :

𝐕𝐀𝐅 = 𝐑𝐨 × 𝐈𝐂𝐐 - 𝐕𝐂𝐄𝐐 = (100 𝐤 Ω)(4.83 mA) – 10 volts = 473 volts

𝐕𝐜𝐜−𝐕𝐛𝐞 𝟐𝟎 𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐬−𝟎.𝟕 𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐬

𝐈𝐁 = = = 34.51 µA
𝐑𝐁+(𝛃 +𝟏)𝐑𝐄 𝟑𝟗𝟎 𝐤 Ω+(𝟏𝟒𝟎 +𝟏)(𝟏.𝟐𝐤 Ω)

𝐈𝐄 = (𝛃 + 𝟏)𝐈𝐁 = (𝟏𝟒𝟎 + 𝟏)(𝟑𝟒. 𝟓𝟏 µ𝐀) = 4.866 mA

a.) Determine re
𝟐𝟔 𝐦𝐯 𝟐𝟔 𝐦𝐯
re = = = 5.34 Ω = re = 5.34 Ω
𝐈𝐄 𝟒.𝟖𝟔𝟔 𝐦𝐀

b.) Calculate Zi and Zo

Testing the condition Ro ≥ 10(𝐑 𝐂 + 𝐑 𝐄 )

100 kΩ ≥ 10(3.4 kΩ) = 34 kΩ (satisfied)
Therefore,

𝟑𝟗𝟎 𝐤 Ω ×𝟏𝟕𝟎 𝐤 Ω
Zi = 𝐑 𝐁 || 𝛃(𝐫𝐞 + 𝐑 𝐄 ) = = 118.39 kΩ = Zi = 118.39 kΩ
𝟑𝟗𝟎 𝐤 Ω +𝟏𝟕𝟎𝐤 Ω

Zo ≅ 𝐑𝐜 = 2.2 kΩ = Zo = 2.2 kΩ

c.) Find Av
𝐑𝐜 𝟐.𝟐 𝐤Ω
Av = − = − = -1.83 Av = -1.8
𝐫𝐞 + 𝑹𝐄 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟑𝟒 𝐤 Ω +𝟏.𝟐 𝐤 Ω

d.) Repeat part (b) and (c) with ro = 20K

Testing the condition Ro ≥ 10(𝐑 𝐂 + 𝐑 𝐄 )
20 kΩ ≥ 10(3.4 kΩ) = 34 kΩ (Un-satisfied)

𝐕𝐀𝐅 = 𝐑𝐨 × 𝐈𝐂𝐐 - 𝐕𝐂𝐄𝐐 = (20 𝐤 Ω)(4.83 mA) – 10 volts = 86.6 volts

Zi = 118.39 kΩ same as when Ro = 100 kΩ

Zo ≅ 𝐑𝐜 = 2.2 kΩ = Zo = 2.2 kΩ same as when Ro = 100 kΩ

𝐑𝐜 𝟐.𝟐 𝐤Ω
Av = − =− = Av = -1.8 same as when Ro = 20 kΩ
𝐫𝐞 + 𝑹𝐄 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟑𝟒 𝐤 Ω +𝟏.𝟐 𝐤 Ω
 LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

III. Activity no. 1C.

(Write the theoretical solutions HERE)

Computing first the 𝐕𝐀𝐅 , 𝐈𝐁 and 𝐈𝑬 :

𝐕𝐀𝐅 = 𝐑𝐨 × 𝐈𝐂𝐐 - 𝐕𝐂𝐄𝐐 = (40 𝐤 Ω)(3.1 mA) – 6 volts = 118 volts

𝐕𝐭𝐡−𝐕𝐛𝐞 𝟏𝟐 𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐬−𝟎.𝟕 𝐯𝐨𝐥𝐭𝐬

𝐈𝐁 = = = 51.36 µA
𝐑𝐛 𝟐𝟐𝟎 𝐤 Ω

𝐈𝐄 = (𝛃 + 𝟏)𝐈𝐁 = (𝟔𝟎 + 𝟏)(𝟓𝟏. 𝟑𝟔 µ𝐀) = 3.13 mA

𝟐𝟔 𝐦𝐯 𝟐𝟔 𝐦𝐯
re = = = 8.31 Ω
𝐈𝐄 𝟑.𝟏𝟑 𝐦𝐀

a.) Calculate Zi and Zo

𝟐𝟐𝟎 𝐤 Ω ×𝟎.𝟒𝟗𝟖𝟔 𝐤 Ω
Zi = 𝐑 𝐁 || 𝛃𝐫𝐞 = 𝟐𝟐𝟎 𝐤 Ω + 𝟎.𝟒𝟗𝟖𝟔 𝐤 Ω = 497.47 Ω = Zi = 497.47 Ω

Zo = 𝐑𝐜 || 𝐑𝐨= 2.085 kΩ = Zo = 2.085 kΩ

b.) Find Av
𝐑𝐜 || 𝐑𝐨 𝟐.𝟎𝟖𝟓 𝐤 Ω
Av = − =− = -251 Av = -251
𝐫𝐞 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟑𝟏 𝐤 Ω

c.) Repeat part (b) and (c) with ro = 20K

𝐕𝐀𝐅 = 𝐑𝐨 × 𝐈𝐂𝐐 - 𝐕𝐂𝐄𝐐 = (20 𝐤 Ω)(3.1 mA) – 6 volts = 56 volts

Zi = 497.47Ω same as when Ro = 40 kΩ

Zo = 𝐑𝐜 || 𝐑𝐨 = Zo = 1.98 kΩ

𝐳𝐨 𝟏.𝟗𝟖 𝐤Ω
Av = − =− = Av = -238.51
𝐫𝐞 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟖𝟑𝟏 𝐤 Ω
LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Activity # 1A: Simulation results

With 𝒓𝒐 = 𝟓𝟎 𝐤Ω , With 𝒓𝒐 = 𝟐𝟓 𝐤Ω ,

VAF = 70.5 volts , VAF = 12.33 volts ,

1.180 volts 1.180 volts
Av =− = -118 Av =− = -111.1
0.010 volts 0.010 volts
LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Activity # 1B: Simulation results

With 𝒓𝒐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝐤Ω , With 𝒓𝒐 = 𝟐𝟎 𝐤Ω ,

VAF = 473 volts , VAF = 86.66 volts ,

17.973 milli−volts 17.959 milli−volts
Av =− = -1.8 Av =− = -1.8
10 milli−volts 10 milli−volts
LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Activity # 1C: Simulation results

With 𝒓𝒐 = 𝟒𝟎 𝐤Ω , With 𝒓𝒐 = 𝟐𝟎 𝐤Ω ,

VAF = 118 volts , VAF = 56 volts ,

1.916 volts 17.973 milli−volts
Av =− = -191.6 Av =− = -0.236
10 milli−volts 10 milli−volts
LABORATORY ACTIVITY 1 : BJT AC MODELS AND CIRCUIT ANALYSIS