L-2one To One and Invesre Function For PDF

General Mathematics:
PRELIM Lesson 6
Lesson Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
a. Define a one – to – one and the inverse of the function
b. Determine the properties of one – to – one and inverse function
c. Solve problem involving one – to – one function
d. Graph a one – to – one function and inverse function
General Mathematics
Bp. Pueblos Senior High School
JMNacar‖jgnacar@urios.edu.ph
The video you just watched talked about the different types of mapping. On this lesson, we are to focus only one
type of mapping which is the ONE – TO ONE.
WHAT IS
One to – One Function
Let’s view the following functions as relations, or correspondences.
Recall that for a function, each input

has exactly one output. In some functions,
different inputs correspond to the same
output.
General Mathematics
By definition:
Real Life Examples Where do you think can we apply One – to – one function in our daily life?
Here are some example:
1. A relation pairing the I.D Number to a student.

Solution:
This is a one – to – one function because no two student has one I.D Number.
2. A relation pairing a place to its area code?

Solution:
this is a one – to – one function since every area/place has a unique area code.
* +63 32 – Cebu City
* + 63 2 – Manila
* + 63 (0)85 – Butuan City
General Mathematics
Graphs of a
one – to – one
function
General Mathematics
Below are the graph of a function. Determine whether the function is one-to-one function.
The graph of every function passes the vertical-line test—that is, different outputs never have the same input
A function is one-to-one if different inputs have different outputs — that is, if no two x-values share the same y-value.
For graph 2 and 3, we cannot find two x-values that have the same y-value, while in graph 1 we can see that 2 and -2 both have a
value of y = 4.
General Mathematics
A function, y = f(x) is one – to – one if a horizontal line drawn through the graph of the function intersects the graph at
exactly one point. If then, the horizontal line intersects more than one (1) point, then it is not one – to – one. This test (horizontal line
test) for a one – to – one function is called a geometric test.
Concept check
A function, y = f(x) is said to be one – to – one if f(x1) = f(x2) A function, y = f(x) is said to be one – to – one if x1 ≠ x2
implies x1 = x2 implies f(x1) ≠ f(x2)
Notes
The graph of a one – to –
one function must pass both
the vertical line test and the
horizontal line test.
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Inverse of a
one – to – one
function
General Mathematics
Countries and Their
Phone Keys
Capitals
Suppose that we reverse the arrows. We obtain what is called the INVERSE RELATION.
Are these inverse relations functions?
For the functions listed above, the inverse of the “Capitals” correspondence is a function, but the inverse of the “Phone
Keys” correspondence is not.
In the Capitals function, each input has its own output, so it is a one-to-one function. In the Phone Keys function, a, b,
and c are all paired with 2. Thus the Phone Keys function is not a one-to-one function.
If a function is one-to-one, its inverse correspondence is also a function.
General Mathematics
Examples: x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Function given by the equation y = 2x - 1
y -9 -7 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5 7
As you can see, that no two values of y has the same values of x, thus this qualifies as a one – to – one function.
What if we will reverse the value of x and y?
x -9 -7 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5 7
Does this represent a function?
y -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
Because each x value is associated with only one y value then it represents a function
Now that both the function and its inverse are associated with only one value of x to its y then the given example is a
ONE – TO – ONE FUNCTION
General Mathematics
By definition:
Let f be a one – to – one function with domain A and range B. Then

the inverse of f, denoted by f -1 is a function with domain B and
range A defined by f- -1(y) = x if and only if f(x) = y for any y in B.
Take note:
- a function has an inverse if inverting the x and y – values of a function results in a function if and only if the original
function is one – to – one. When the inverse of f is also a function, it is denoted f -1 (read “f-inverse”).
Caution! The -1 in f -1 is not an exponent!
General Mathematics
finding the
formulas for
inverses
General Mathematics
For any equation in two variables, if we interchange the variables, we form an equation of the inverse
correspondence. If the inverse correspondence is a function, we proceed as follows to find a formula for f -1.
To find the formula for f -1
First make sure that f is one – to – one. Then:

1. Replace f(x) with y.
2. Interchange x and y. (this gives the inverse function.)
3. Solve for y.
4. Replace y with f-1(x). (this is inverse function notation)
Example
Determine whether each function is one-to-one and if it is, find a formula for f -1 (x).
3
a) f(x) = 2x - 3 b) f(x) = 𝑥
General Mathematics
First make sure that f is one – to – one. Then:
1. Replace f(x) with y.
2. Interchange x and y. (this gives the inverse function.)
3. Solve for y.
Example 4. Replace y with f-1(x). (this is inverse function notation)
Determine whether each function is one-to-one and if it is, find a formula for f -1 (x).
x -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 3
a) f(x) = 2x - 3 b) f(x) = 𝑥
y -11 -9 -7 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5
This function, like any linear function, passes the horizontal-line test. Thus, f is one - to - one and we
can find a formula for f-1(x).
1. Replace f(x) with y y = 2x - 3
The function f doubles all inputs and then
2. Interchange x and y. x = 2y - 3 subtracts 3.
3. Solve for y: x = 2y – 3 -1
Thus, to “undo” f, the function f adds 3
x + 3 =2y
𝑥+3
to each input and then divides by 2.
=y
2
The graph of f(x) = 2x - 3 𝑥+3

4. Replace y with f -1(x). f-1(x) =
2
General Mathematics
3 x -3 -1 0 1 3
b) f(x) =
𝑥 y -1 -3 - 3 1
Since the function passes the horizontal line test. Thus it is one-to-one and
its inverse is a function.
3
1. Replace f(x) with y y=
𝑥
3
2. Interchange x and y. x= Note that this function and its inverse are
𝑦
3. Solve for y: xy = 3 the same function.
y = 3/𝑥
3 3
The graph of f(x) = 4. Replace y with f -1(x). f-1(x) =
𝑥 𝑥
General Mathematics
Graphing the
function and
its inverse
General Mathematics
How do the graphs of a function and its inverse compare?
Relationship
Given the graph ofBetween
a one – to –the
oneGraphs
function,
of acan be obtained by
the graph of its inverse
Function
reflecting and
the graph itsthe
about Inverse
line y = x.
(x + 3)
Example: Graph f(x) = 2x - 3 and f -1(x) = 2 on the same set of axes. Then compare.
Solution:
Note that the graph of f -1 can be drawn by reflecting the graph of f across the line y = x. That is, if we graph
(x + 3)
f(x) = 2x - 3 in wet ink and fold the paper along the line y = x, the graph of f -1(x) = 2 will appear as the
impression made by f.
General Mathematics
(x + 3)
Graph of the function f(x) = 2x - 3 and its inverse f -1(x) =
2
When x and y are interchanged to find a formula for

the inverse, we are, in effect, reflecting or flipping the graph
of f(x) = 2x - 3 across the line y = x.
For example, when (0, -3), the coordinates of the y-

intercept of the graph of f, are reversed, we get (-3, 0), the x-
intercept of the graph of f -1.
General Mathematics
Example Consider f(x) = x3 + 2. a) Determine whether f is one-to-one.
b) If it is one-to-one, find a formula for its inverse.
c) Graph the inverse, if it exists.
Solution
a) The graph of f(x) = x3 + 2 is shown at right. It passes the horizontal-
line test and thus it is one-to-one and has an inverse that is a function.
b. )1. Replace f(x) with y: y = x3 + 2.
2. Interchange x and y: x = y3 + 2.
3. Solve for y: x - 2 = y3
3
𝑥 −2=y
3
4. Replace y with f -1(x): f -1(x)= 𝑥 −2
General Mathematics
Example Consider f(x) = x3 + 2. a) Determine whether f is one-to-one.
b) If it is one-to-one, find a formula for its inverse.
c) Graph the inverse, if it exists.
c. To graph f -1, we can reflect the graph of f(x) = x3 + 2 across the line y = x using the fact that if (a, b) is on the
graph of f, then (b, a) is on the graph of f -1.
For example, (0, 2) and (2, 10) are on the graph of f, and (2, 0) and (10, 2) are on the graph of f -1.
The graph of the function The inverse of the function

(original)
General Mathematics
Scan QR Code to learn more
about Inverse Function
General Mathematics
This ends our topic for
lesson 2: Midterm
Hope that you have understand the lesson!
General Mathematics
End OF LESSON 2
midterm
STUDY IN ADVANCE:
• Exponential Functions and its

Real life application
General Mathematics
General Mathematics

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General Mathematics:

Recall that for a function, each input

Here are some example:

1. A relation pairing the I.D Number to a student.

2. A relation pairing a place to its area code?

Are these inverse relations functions?

What if we will reverse the value of x and y?

Let f be a one – to – one function with domain A and range B. Then

Caution! The -1 in f -1 is not an exponent!

To find the formula for f -1

First make sure that f is one – to – one. Then:

The graph of f(x) = 2x - 3 𝑥+3

When x and y are interchanged to find a formula for

For example, when (0, -3), the coordinates of the y-

b. )1. Replace f(x) with y: y = x3 + 2.

The graph of the function The inverse of the function

Hope that you have understand the lesson!

• Exponential Functions and its

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