Namma Kalvi 4th Standard Lesson Plan Ganga Term 2 TM 218720

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SRI GANGA PUBLICATIONS

(A UNIT OF SHYAMALA GROUP)
Corporate Office : Registered Office :

No. 1, Sugar Mill Colony, New No. 59, 4th Avenue,
Salai Kumaran illam, Opp. to Govt. Boys Hr. Sec. School,
Madurai Road, Ashok Nagar,
Tirunelveli - 627001. Chennai - 600 083.
Phone : 0462 - 233 8899 / 233 8484 Phone : 044 - 2474 4484
Mobile : 94431 58484 / 95978 39822 Mobile : 94421 58484 / 94425 58484
Email : suryaguides@yahoo.com Email : srigangapublications5@gmail.com
Website : www.suryapublications.in
Price : Rs.100/-
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Published By
B. ARUMUGAM
SRI GANGA PUBLICATIONS
(A unit of Shyamala Group)
OUR BANK DETAILS

TIRUNELVELI ACCOUNT
Account Name : SURYA PUBLICATIONS
Account Number : 446971431
Bank Name : INDIAN BANK
IFSC Code : IDIB000T034
Branch Name : TIRUNELVELI JUNCTION
Account Name : SURYA PUBLICATIONS

Bank Name : CITY UNION BANK
IFSC Code : CIUB0000230
Branch Name : PALAYAMKOTTAI
CHENNAI ACCOUNT
Account Name : SRI GANGA PUBLICATION
Bank Name : INDIAN BANK
IFSC Code : IDIB000A031
Branch Name : ASHOK NAGAR
Account Name : SRI GANGA PUBLICATION

Bank Name : CITY UNION BANK
IFSC Code : CIUB0000230
Branch Name : PALAYAMKOTTAI
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bfhLj;j www.thodakkakalvi.com Team – rhh;e;j jd;dhh;t
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CONTENTS
jkpH;
1. fhty;fhuh; 1
2. vy;yhUk; ,g;gona ,Ue;Jtpl;lhy; 6
3. ahidf;Fk; ghidf;Fk; rhp 12
4. ed;bdwp 18
5. gdpkiy gazk; 23
6. Muha;e;jpl ntz;Lk; 28
7. jpUf;Fws; fijfs; 33
8. gRt[f;Ff; fpilj;j ePjp 39
9. ntiyf;nfw;w Typ 44
ENGLISH
1.1 Prose Appa 51

1.2 Grammar - Punctuation 57
1.3 The Real Wealth 63
1.4 A True Friend 68
2.1 A Lesson to Save 74
2.2 Let us Build 80
2.3 What do Humans Save 86
2.4 Save Wisely 91
MATHEMATICS
1 totpay; 99
2.1 vz;fs; 105
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2.2 vz;fs; 111

3 mikg;g[fs; 117
4.1 msitfs; 123
4.2 msitfs; 129
5 neuk; 135
6.1 gpd;d=;fs; 141
6.2 gpd;d=;fs; 147
7 jfty; brayhf;fk; 153

SCIENCE
1.1 czt[ 161
1.2 czt[ 168
2.1 ePh; 174
2.2 ePh; 180
3.1 jhtu=;fs; 186
3.2 jhtu=;fs; 192
SOCIAL SCIENCE
1.1 r=;ffhy ts;sy;fs; 199
1.2 r=;ffhy ts;sy;fs; 205
2.1 jkpH;ehl;od; ,aw;if mikg;g[ 210
2.2 jkpH;ehl;od; ,aw;if mikg;g[ 216
3.1 nghf;Ftuj;J 222
3.2 nghf;Ftuj;J 228
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ñFŠd´:
¾ Fdpe;J - bghUs; TWf
¾ braw;if cu=;fis gad;gLj;Jtjhy; Vw;gLk; tpist[fis
gw;wpf;TW
¾ cdf;Fj; bjhpe;j bjhHpy;fspd; bgah;fisf; TW.
10
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
¾ «ð£¡ø âOò & C‰î¬ù¬òˆ É‡´‹ Mù£‚èœ Íô‹
ñFŠHìô£‹.
¾ «ñ½‹ ð£ì ¹ˆîèˆF™ àœ÷ ªêò™ð£´è¬÷»‹ ñFŠHìŠ
¾ ¬ñò‚è¼ˆF™ ¹Kî™ °¬øõ£è àœ÷ ñ£íõ˜èÀ‚°
e‡´‹ å¼º¬ø èŸHˆî™.
¾ ñ£íõ˜èO™ è¼ˆ¶ˆ Fø¡ êKõó ¹Kò£î
ñ£íõ˜èÀ‚° Üõ˜èO¡ Hó„C¬ùè¬÷ è‡ìP‰¶
°¿M™ àœ÷ eˆFø¡I‚è ñ£íõ˜èO¡ àîM»ì¡
e‡´‹ å¼ º¬ø èŸHˆî™.
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ ghlk; bjhlh;ghd gl=;fis nrfhpj;jy; (tay; btspfs;

gl=;fs;)
¾ gf;f vz; 15y; cs;s bray;jpl;lk ,aw;if cuk; jahhpj;jy;
ð£ìˆF½œ÷ ¹ˆîè ðJŸCè¬÷ i†´Š ð£ìñ£è«õ£,
ªî£ì˜ŠðE‚è£è«õ£ ñ£íõ˜èÀ‚° ÜO‚èô£‹.
11
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ð£ì‹ 3
ò£¬ù‚°‹ ð£¬ù‚°‹ êK

¾ fijia brhe;j eilapy; TWjy;
¾ fijfis chpa xypg;g[ld; bghUs; tps=;f goj;jy;
¾ fijia cUthf;Fjy;
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ khpahij uhkd; fijg; g[j;jfk;

¾ vGj;J ml;il (gf;f vz; 19y; cs;s nfhol;l ,l=;fis
epug;g[f gFjp)
¾ rpWth; kyh; fijg;g[j;jf=;fs;
¾ gHbkhHpfs; vGjpa ml;il
mjw;Fj; njitahd cgfuz=;fs; (Computer / Tab /
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
12
21 21
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ neh;ik cah;t[ jUk;' vd;w khpahij uhkd; fijia Twp
Mh;t@l;ly;
¾ khpahij uhkd; gw;wpf; TWjy;
õ£Cˆî™:
ÝCKò˜ ð£ìŠð°F¬ò º¿õ¬î»‹ å¼ º¬ø õ£Cˆ¶‚
è£†´î™.
ªê™½î™.
M÷‚°î™.
¾ tprpj;jpukhd - tpj;jpahrkhd
¾ tzpfh; - tpahghuk; bra;gth;
13
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ bjhLj;j - bfhLj;j/ bjhl=;f
¾ jw;bray; - jpObud;W
¾ tUj;jj;Jld; - nrhfj;Jld;
¾ Tf;Fuy; - fj;Jjy;/ ngbuhyp
¾ jpifj;jhh; - gae;jhh;
¾ gHk;ghidfs; - gHikahd ghidfs;
rhpahd ,lj;ij epug;g[f

(mug[/ khpahij uhkd;/ ahid/ ghidfs;)
tzpfh; _____
giHa _____ el;ilr; nrh;e;jth;
fPnH tpGe;J
behW=;fpd
ahidf;Fk;
ghidf;Fk; rhp
jpUkz Ch;tyj;jpd;
cHth;/ tzpfh; nghJ _____ ,we;J
,Uthpd; tHf;if vjph; tpl;lJ
bfhz;lth; _____
14
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
ªî£°ˆî™
¾ khpahij uhkd; kpft[k; g[j;jprhyp
¾ gy EQf;fkhd tpra=;fis tpLtpg;gjy; ty;yth;.
¾ khpahij uhkdpd;/ jPh;g;g[fs; kpft[k; g[fH; bgw;wit.
¾ khpahij uhkdplk; xU ehs; mug[ tzpfh; xUth; cHth;
xUthpd; kPJ tHf;F bjhLj;jhh;.
¾ "tzpfhpd; ahidia cHth; jd; kfdpd; jpUkz
Ch;tyj;jpw;F ,uty; nfl;ljhft[k; Mdhy; Ch;tyj;jpd;
nghJ ahid ,we;J tpl;ljhft[kl; mnj ahid jpUk;g
ntz;Lk; vdt[k; tzpfh;" nfl;lhh;.
¾ khpahij uhkdplk; cHth; ntW ahid th=;fp jUtjhf
Twpdhh; tzpfh; Vw;Wf; bfhs;shky; mnj ahidia nfl;lhh;.
¾ ehis ePjpkd;wk; tUkhW ,Utiua[k; khpahij uhkd;
Twpdhh;.
¾ cHtiu jdpna miHj;J khpahij uhkd; ehis tzpfh;
j=;fis tPl;ow;F te;J miHf;Fk; nghJ ePjpkd;wk; thU=;fs;
c=;fs; tPl;L fjtpw;F gpd; giHa ghidfis mLf;fp
ita[=;fs; vdf;Twpdhh;.
¾ tzpfh; cHtiu miHf;f mth; tPl;Lf;F te;J fjitj; jl;l/
fjt[ ntfkhf bfhs;s fjtpd; gpd;dhy; ,Ue;j ghidfs; fpnH
tpGe;J behW=;fpd.
¾ cHth; clnd Tf;Fuy; ,l;L fj;jp vdf;F ,nj ghidfis
jpUg;gpj; jhU=;fs; vd nfl;lhh;. ,UtUk; ePjpkd;wj;jpw;Fr;
brd;wdh;. cHth; tPl;oy; ele;jij mwpe;j khpahij uhkd;
tzpfh; eP=;fs; cHthpd; cile;j ghidfis jpUg;gp je;J
tpl;lhy; ,we;J nghd cdJ ahidia cHth; je;J tpLthh;
vd jPh;g;g[ mspj;jhh;.
15
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
õöƒ°î™
ªêŒòô£‹.
õ½×†´î™
¾ khpahij uhkdpd; fijfs; Videos fhl;Ljy;.
¾ kpd;dy; ml;ilfisf; bfhz;L gf;f vz; 20 y; cs;s
brhw;fis Kiwg;gLj;jpr; rhpahd bjhluikj;J vGJf
gFjpia bra;ar; bra;jy;.
¾ ,f;fijia ehlfkhf khzth;fis elj;jpf;fhl;lr; bra;jy;.
àîM«ò£´ õ½×†ìô£‹;
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
¾ gf;f vz; 20y; cs;s Fkwpg;g[fisf; bfhz;L fl;lj;jpypUe;J

tpil fhz;nghkh>
gFjpia FGthfg; gphpj;J khzth;fisr; bra;ar; brhy;Yjy;
¾ ¹ˆîè ðJŸCè¬÷ â¿FŠð£˜‚è õ£ŒŠ¹ îóô£‹.
16
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
ñFŠd´:
¾ tzpfh; ve;j ehl;ilr; nrh;e;jth;>

¾ jpUkz Ch;tyj;jpy; vd;d ele;jJ>
¾ cHth; tPl;oy; ele;jJ vd;d>
¾ tzpfh; cHthplk; mnj ahidia jpUg;gpf; nfl;lJ rhpah>
¾ ,f;fijapy; jPh;g;g[ mspj;jth; ahh;>

ñFŠHìô£‹.
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ ahid gw;wpa bra;jpfis rpWth; ,jHpy; ,Ue;J jpul;o vLj;J

tur; bra;jy;.
¾ khpahij uhkd; fijfis E}yfj;jpw;F brd;W gof;fr;
bra;jy;. xU fijia vGjp tur; brhy;Yjy;.
17
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ð£ì‹ 4
ï¡ªùP

¾ ghly;fis chpa xypg;g[ld; bghUs; tps=;fg; goj;jy;
¾ bra;ai
[ s mogpwHhky; vGJjy;
¾ ,d;brhy;yhy; tpisa[k; ed;ikfis g[hpe;J bfhs;sy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ ed;bdwp vGjg;gl;l ml;il
¾ E}y; Fwpg;g[ vGjg;gl;l brhy; ml;ilfs;
¾ gf;f vz; 23y; cs;s brhy; cUthf;Ff gFjpf;fhf
vGj;J ml;ilfs;.
¾ jpUf;Fws; g[j;jfk;/ jpUts;Sth; glk;.
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
18
81 81
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
¾ gpwh; cd;dplk; vt;thW ngr ntz;Lk;> Vd;>
¾ “,dpikahd brhw;fis ngRjy;” gw;wp mwpe;jij TW
¾ ghlk; bjhlh;ghd fij xd;W TWjy;
õ£Cˆî™:
è£†´î™.
ªê™½î™.
M÷‚°î™.
¾ ,d;brhy; - ,dpa brhy;
¾ td;brhy; - fL+;brhy;
¾ mHy;fjph; - fjputdpd; xsp
¾ jz;bzd;fjph; - epytpd; xsp
19
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ ,UePh; tpaDyfk; - flyhy; R{Hg;gl;l gue;j cyfk;
¾ mjph;tis - xypf;fpd;w tisay;
¾ md;wp - ,y;yhJ
¾ bghd; bra; - bghd;dhyhd
ed;bdwp
ehw;gJ nehpir
ePjp E}y;fSs; Mrphpah; Jiwk=;fyk;
btz;ghf;fs;
xd;W rptg;gpufh& Rthkpfs;
,e;E}ypy; cs;sd
ªî£°ˆî™
¾ bghd;dhyhd xypf;Fk; tisay;fis mzpe;j bgz;zpw;F/
ed;bdwpia ,aw;wpa Mrphpah; fly; R{hpadpd; btg;gj;jpidf;
fz;L bgh=;fhJ/ Fsph;r;rpahd epytpd; xypiaf; fz;L
bgh=;Fk;. mJ nghy ,t;t[yfpy; thGk; kf;fs; ,d;gkhd
brhy;iyf; nfl;L kfpH;thh;fs;. fLikahd brhy;iyf; nfl;L
kfpH khl;lhh;fs; vdf; TWfpwhh;.
õöƒ°î™
Ê ñ£íõ˜èœ ªêò™ð£´
ªêŒòô£‹.
20
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
õ½×†´î™
¾ QR Code Video @yk; ghliy jpUk;g jpUk;g xypf;fr; bra;J

khzth;fis ghlr; bra;jy;.
¾ bra;a[s; vGjg;gl;l ml;iliaf; bfhz;L khzth;fis
gof;fr; bra;jy;.
¾ jpUf;Fws; g[j;jfj;jpy; ‘,dpait Twy;’ mjpfhuj;jpy; cs;s
fUj;Jf;fisf; TWjy;.
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
¾ gf;f vz; 23y; brhy; cUthf;Ff gFjpia vGjr; brhy;Yjy;

¾ tpdhf;fSf;F tpil vGJjy;
ñFŠd´:
¾ ,d;brhy; bghUs; TWf>

¾ mjph;fpd;w tis vd;why; vd;d>
¾ ehk; vg;gog;gl;l brhw;fisg; ngr ntz;Lk;> Vd;>
¾ ,e;E}iy ,aw;wpath; ahh;>
¾ ,e;E}ypy; vj;jid nehpir btz;ghf;fs; cs;sd>

ñFŠHìô£‹.
21
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ ,dpait Twy; vd;Dk; mjpfhuj;jpy; cs;s Fwl;ghf;fis

vGjp tUjy;
22
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ð£ì‹ 5
ðQñ¬ô ðòí‹

¾ fijapd; fij khe;jh;fs; Fwpj;J ngRjy;
¾ fijia jdJ brhe;j eilapy; TWjy;.
¾ brhw;fis mfu thpirg;gLj;Jjy;
¾ fijapy; tUk; fij khe;jh;fisg; nghy; eoj;Jf;fhl;ly;
¾ ew;gz;g[fis mwpjy;
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ tpy=;Ffspd; Kf@ofs;
¾ rpWth; ,jHpy; cs;s glf;fijfs;.
¾ fhl;L tpy=;Ffs;/ tPl;L tpy=;Ffs; gl=;fs;
¾ fhfpjg; glF
mjw;Fj; njitahd cgfuz=;fs; ( Computer / Tab /
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
23
23 23
www.nammakalvi.in
îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ ehpapd; Fzk; vd;d>
¾ “ghl;o til Rl;l fij” ia epidt[gLj;Jjy;.
¾ Mgj;J neh;e;jhy; vt;thW (g[j;jprhypj;jdkhf nahrpj;J)
jg;gpg;gha; vd rpy R{H;epiyf;Twp til nfl;ly;.
¾ cdf;Fj; bjhpe;j fhl;L tpy=;Ffspd; bgah;fisf; TW.
¾ Kjiyia gw;wp eP mwpe;jijf;TW
nghd;w tpdhf;fis khzth;fsplk; nfl;L Maj;jg;gLj;Jjy;.
õ£Cˆî™:
ªê™½î™.
¾ õ£˜ˆ¬îè¬÷ è‡ìP‰¶ â¿î ªêŒî™;
M÷‚°î™.
¾ mUfpypUe;j - gf;fj;jpy; ,Ue;j
¾ xw;Wikahf - xd;whf
¾ mtrpak; - fl;lhak;
24
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
¾ cWjp - epr;rak;
¾ tp&k; - e+;R
¾ Kwpt[ - khw;W
¾ je;jpuk; - g[j;jprhypj;jdk;
¾ ghuhl;o - g[fH;e;J
ªð£¼ˆ¶è
¾ (ghJfhj;jy;/ Tr;rypLjy;/ rw;Wk; vjph; ghuhky;/ Vkhw;Wjy;/
ntfkhf)
jpObud;W
tpiuthf je;jpuk;
myWjy; ngQjy;
ªî£°ˆî™
¾ xU fhl;oy; ehp/ khd;/ Xeha;/ thpf;Fjpiu xw;Wika[ld;
thH;e;jd.
¾ gdpkiyf;fhl;oy; rpWj;ij jd; ez;gh;fSld; thH;e;jJ.
¾ gdpkiyf; fhl;oy; eilbgWk; jpUtpHhtpw;F rpWj;ij
ehpiaa[k; mjd; ez;gh;fisa[k; miHf;fnt ehp jd;
ez;gh;fis miHj;Jf; bfhz;L Mw;wpy; glfpy; brd;wJ.
¾ mg;nghJ Mw;wpy; bts;sk; mjpfhpf;fnt tpy=;Ffs; m+;rpd
¾ mjidf; fz;l Kjiy ‘jhd; mf;fiuapy; bfhz;L
tpLtjhft[k; jd; KJfpd; kPJ Vwpf; bfhs;Sk;goa[k;
tpy=;Ffis miHj;jJ.
25
www.nammakalvi.in
îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ ehp je;jpukhf ngrp jd; ez;gh;fis Kjiyaplk; ,Ue;J
ghJfhj;jJ.
¾ ez;gh;fs; ehpia g[fH;e;jthnw re;njh&khf jpUtpHhtpw;F
brd;wdh;.
õöƒ°î™
ªêŒòô£‹.
õ½×†´î™
¾ fijapy; tUk; tpy=;Ffspd; Kf@oia mzpe;J fijia

ehlfkhf eoj;J fijia ehlfkhf eoj;Jf;fhl;lr; bra;J
tYt{l;ly;
¾ ‘mwpt[f;Th;ik’ ahd fUj;Jf;fisf; bfhz;l fijfis
TWjy; @yk; tYt{l;ly;.
¾ rpWth; ,jHpy; cs;s glf; fijfis gof;fr; bra;jy;.
¾ fijapy; tUtJ nghy Mgj;jhd R{Hy; cdf;F neh;e;jhy;
vd;d bra;nthk;>
vd khzth;fsplk; nfl;L fye;JiuahLjy;.
ðìƒèœ «ð£¡ø ªî£NŸ¸†ðƒèO¡ àîM«ò£´ õ½×†ìô£‹.
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
¾ tpdhf;fSf;F tpil vGJjy;.
¾ brhy;tijf; nfl;L vGJjy;
¾ brhw;fis mfu tihpirg;gLj;jp vGJjy; (gf;f vz; 29)
26
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
ñFŠd´:
¾ gdpkiyf;fhl;oy; ve;j tpy=;Ffs; thH;e;jd>
¾ fhl;oy; ez;gh;fsha; thH;e;j tpy=;Ffs; vit>
¾ jpUtpHhtpw;F tpy=;Ffs; vjpy; gazk; bra;jd>
¾ “vd;dthapw;W” ,r;brhy;iyg; gphpj;J vGj fpilg;gJ>
¾ “je;jpuk;” bghUs; TWf.
ñFŠHìô£‹.
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ mwpnt Jiz vd;Dk; ePjpia mwpt[Wj;jf;Toa 2 fijfis

E}yfj;jpw;F brd;W m=;Fs;s g[j;jf=;fis ghh;j;J vGjp tur;
brhy;Yjy;.
27
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ð£ì‹ 6
Ýó£Œ‰Fì «õ‡´‹

¾ vija[k; Muha;e;J KobtLf;f ntz;Lk; vd;gij mwpjy;.
¾ chpa xypg;g[ld; bghUs; tps=;fg;goj;jy;.
¾ fhyk; mwpjy; (,we;j fhyk;/ vjph;fhyk;/ epfH;fhyk;)
¾ mfu Kjypiag; gad;gLj;Jjy;
¾ KobtLf;Fk; jpwd;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ tpy=;Ffs; gl=;fs;
¾ rpWth; ,jH; g[j;jf=;fs;
¾ gy;ntW ntiyfis bra;tJ nghd;W gl=;fs;
(Kf;fhyk; mwpnthkh)
¾ bjhifr; brhw;fs; vGjpa ml;il
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
28
82 82
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ cd; jhj;jh/ ghl;oaplk; fij nfl;oUf;fpwhah>
¾ ,uf;f Fzk; gw;wp eP mwptJ vd;d>
nghd;w nfs;tpfs; @yk; Maj;jg;gLj;Jjy;
“gukrptd; fGj;jpy; ,Ue;J” vd;w ghliyg;gho Maj;jg;gLj;Jjy;.
õ£Cˆî™:
è£†´î™.
ªê™½î™.
M÷‚°î™.
¾ Mtypy; - Mirapy;
¾ gazk; - Xh; ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;J ,d;bdhU ,lj;jpw;F
bry;tJ
¾ mwpe;J - bjhpe;J
29
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ epidj;jJ - vz;zpaJ
¾ rthhp - gazk;
¾ mUfpy; - gf;fj;jpy;
¾ Fokf;fs; - Ch; kf;fs;
¾ khpahij - neh;ikahd xGf;fk;
¾ bghwhik - fhH;g;g[
rhpahd brhy;iyj; bjhpt[ bra;f.
bghUs; mwpf
(Mir/ fhH;g;g[/ xd;iwg;nghy ,Uj;jy;/ gazk;/ neh;ikahd xGf;fk;)
Muha;e;jpl
ntz;Lk;
nghyp rthhp khpahij bghwhik Mty;
ªî£°ˆî™
¾ murh; xUth; jd; Fokf;fspd; epiyia mhpa jd; ,uf;f Fzk;
bfhz;l Fjpiuapd; kPJ gazk; nkw;bfhz;lhh;.
¾ mg;nghJ tHpapy; xU mogl;l eha; behz;of; bfhz;oUe;jJ.
¾ ,uf;f Fzk; bfhz;l Fjpiua[k; muruUk; me;j ehia
j=;fSld; miHj;Jr; brd;wdh;. Ch; kf;fs; midtUk;
muriuf; fz;L tz=;fpdh;. eha; jd;idj; jhd; fz;L
Ch;kf;fs; tz=;Ffpwhh;fs; vd fh;tk; bfhz;L Fiyj;jJ.
Fjpiu vt;tst[ brhy;ypa[k; nfl;fhky; ntfkhf Fiyf;fnt
30
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
murhpd; gpd; te;j fhtyhspfs; ehia fPnH ,wf;fp moj;J
tpul;odh;. eha; jd; jtw;iw czh;e;jJ.
õöƒ°î™
ªêŒòô£‹.
õ½×†´î™
¾ fijia ehlfk; nghy; khzth;fis eoj;Jf;fhl;lr; brhy;yp
tYt{l;Ljy;
¾ rpe;jpf;fhky; xU Kot[ vLj;jhy; vd;bdd;d tpist[fs; neUk;
vd tFg;gpy; fye;JiuahLjy;.
¾ gl ml;ilfis bfhz;L Kf;fhyj;ija[k; tYt{l;ly;.
ð£ìŠð°FJ™, ¹K‰¶ªè£œ÷ Cóñ‹ ãŸð´‹ ð°F¬ò‚
ðìƒèœ «ð£¡ø ªî£NŸ¸†ðƒèO¡ àîM«ò£´ õ½×†ìô£‹;
°¿õ£è HKˆ¶ èô‰¶¬óò£ì„ªêŒòô£‹. Þî¡ Íô‹

î°‰î£Ÿ«ð£™ Üõ˜èÀ‚° è¼ˆ¶è¬÷ õ½×†ì ªêò™ð£´èœ
«ñŸªè£œ÷ô£‹
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
¾ tpdhf;fSf;F tpil vGJjy;
¾ gf;f vz; 37y; s;s ml;ltizia epug;g[jy;
¾ brhy;tij vGJjy;.
31
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
ñFŠd´:
¾ Fjpiu Vd; eha;f;F cjtp bra;a epidj;jJ>
¾ mtd; vGjpdhd; ,J vd;d fhyk;>
¾ Vd; eha; fPnH ,uf;fg;gl;lJ>
¾ jkpHpd; @tpd=;fisf; TW

ñFŠHìô£‹.
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ bjhifr; brhw;fis vGjp tur;brhy;Yjy;.

¾ ew;gz;g[fis vGjptur; brhy;Yjy;.
32
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ð£ì‹ 7
F¼‚°øœ è¬îèœ

¾ jpUf;Fwis mog;gpwHhky; vGJjy;.
¾ goj;J czh;e;jtw;iw j=;fs; mDgt=;fisa[k; bghUj;jp
czh;j;Jjy;.
¾ tpGkpa=;fis czh;e;J gpd;gw;Wjy; jpwd;
¾ thH;tpay; jpwd;fis czh;e;J bray;gLjy;
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ jpUf;Fws; g[j;jfk;
¾ jpUf;Fws; fijfs; g[j;jfk;
¾ ePjpf; fijfs;
¾ rpWth; ,jH;fs;
¾ bghUj;J ml;il
¾ vGj;J ml;ilfs;
Speaker …. )
33
33 33
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ jpUf;Fwis ,aw;wpath; ahh;>
¾ jpUf;Fwspy; vj;jid Fws;fs; cs;sd>
¾ cdf;Fj; bjhpe;j Fws; xd;W TW.
¾ cdf;F bjhpe;j mwptpay; mwp+h;fspd; bgah;fisf; TW.
¾ ekf;Fj; njitahd ew;gz;g[fs; ahit>
nghd;w nfs;tpfs; @yk; mwpKfk; bra;jy;
õ£Cˆî™:
è£†´î™.
ªê™½î™.
M÷‚°î™.
34
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
¾ bghiw - bghWik
¾ bka;g;bghUs; - cz;ikg; bghUs;
¾ fhthf;fhy; - fhf;fhtpl;lhy;
¾ nrhfhg;gh; - Jd;gg;gLth;
¾ brhy;ypGf;F - brhy;Fw;wk;
¾ btFshik - rpdk; bfhs;shik
¾ eht[ - ehf;F
¾ rpdk; - nfhgk;
¾ ahfhthh; - ahuha; ,Ue;jhYk;
¾ gzp - ntiy
¾ bghUs; - mh;j;jk;
jpUf;Fws;
jpUf;Fwis ,aw;wpath; jpUts;Sth;
jpUf;Fwspy; 133 mjpfhu=;fs; cs;sd
1330 Fws;fs; cs;sd
cyfg; bghJkiw – rpwg;g[g;bgah;
gy bkhHpfspy; bkhHp bgah;f;fg;gl;Ls;sJ
35
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
ªî£°ˆî™
¾ thH;tpy; cah;e;j ,lj;ijg; bgw epiw cilatuhf ,Uf;f
bghWik Fzj;ij bfhz;oUf;f ntz;Lk;.
¾ vg;bghUis ahhplk; nfl;lhYk; mjd; cz;ikahd
mh;j;jj;ij czh;e;J bray;gl ntz;Lk;.
¾ ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; jd; ehf;fpid mlf;fp Msj;bjhpa
ntz;Lk;. ,y;iybadpy; brhy; Fw;wj;jpy; mfg;gl;L
Jd;g[Wth;.
¾ xUth; nfhgk; tuhky; ghh;j;Jf; bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.
,y;iybadpy; mtuJ rpdk; mtiuna mHpj;JtpLk;.
õöƒ°î™

¾ ¹K‰¶‚ªè£‡ì ð£ìè¼ˆ¶‚è¬÷ ªî£°ˆF‚Ãø
ªêŒòô£‹.
õ½×†´î™
¾ jpUf;Fwspd; mh;j;j=;fisj; jpUk;gf; Twp tYt{l;Ljy;.

¾ bfhLf;fg;gl;l Fws;fSf;F jFe;j ntW fijfis Twp
tYt{l;ly;.
¾ jpUf;Fws; gw;wpa epiwa bra;jpfis TWjy;.
¾ bghUj;J ml;iliaf; bfhz;L (bghUs; TWf) bghUj;jr;
brhy;yp tYt{l;ly;
36
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
¾ gf;f vz; 44y; cs;s bkhHpnahL tpisahL gFjpia

FGthfg; gphpj;J bra;ar; brhy;Yjy;.
¾ Mù£MŸ° M¬ìòOˆîô & ¹Fò & è®ù
õ£˜ˆ¬îèÀ‚° ªð£¼œ â¿î ªê£™ôô£‹.
ñFŠd´:
¾ bka; bghUs; vd;gjd; bghUs; vd;d>

¾ bghiw vd;why; vd;d>
¾ xUth; vijf; fhf;f ntz;Lk;>
¾ ‘btFshik’ brhy;ypd; bghUs; ahJ>
¾ epiwa[ilik gphpj;J TWf.
¾ jpUf;Fwspy; vj;jid mjpfhu=;fs; cs;sd>
ñFŠHìô£‹.

37
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ khzth;fs; ed;F mwpe;j jpUf;FwSf;F brhe;j eilapy; fij

vGjptur; brhy;Yjy;.
38
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ð£ì‹ 8
ð²¾‚°‚ A¬ìˆî cF

¾ gpwiu mth; epiyapypUe;J g[hpe;J bfhs;Sk; jpwd;.

¾ gpw caph;fsplj;jpy; md;g[ fhl;Ljy;.
g[fH; tha;e;j nrhH murh;fs;/ mth;fspd; rpwe;j gz;g[fs; gw;wp mwpjy;
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ murh;fs; gl=;fs;
¾ thh;j;ijfs; vGjpa ml;ilfs;
¾ gR/ fd;W/ njh;/ kzp tiuag;gl;l ml;ilfs; my;yJ
gl=;fs;.
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
39
39 39
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ gpw caph;fsplk; ehk; vt;thW ele;J bfhs;s ntz;Lk;>
¾ cdf;Fj; bjhpe;j g[fH;g;bgw;w murh;fspd; bgah;fis TWf>
¾ ‘kapYf;F nghh;it je;j ngfd;’ fijia TWjy;.
nghd;wtw;wpd; @yk; Mh;t@l;ly;.
õ£Cˆî™:
è£†´î™.
ªê™½î™.
¾ õ£˜ˆ¬îè¬÷ è‡ìP‰¶ â¿î ªêŒî™;.
¾ Mw;bwhzh - jh=;fKoahj
¾ tpaDyfk; - gue;j cyfk;
¾ brtprha;j;jy; - nfl;f tpUk;g[jy;
¾ bfhonahd; - Jz;g[Wj;Jgtd;
¾ guk;giu - bjhd;Wbjhl;L
¾ ,d;dy; - Jd;gk;
¾ murit - mikr;rh;/ kd;dh; TLk; ,lk;
¾ chpa - rhpahd
40
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
¾ jd;gk; - rpukk;
¾ X=;Fk; - caUk;
¾ thapy; - thrw;go
¾ mwpal;Lk; - bjhpe;J bfhs;sl;Lk;
¾ mUs; Th;e;J - jat[ bra;J
¾ brtp rhf;fh - nfl;fhj
gRt[f;F fpilj;j ePjp kDePjp nrhHd;
Muha;r;rp kzp
gR kzp moj;jy;
gRtpd; fd;W murh; kfdpd;

njh;fhypy; khl;o ,wg;g[
kDePjp nrhHDk; jd;

kfid njh; fhypy; ,Ljy;
ePjp epiy
ehl;lg;gLjy;
ªî£°ˆî™
¾ nrhH kd;dh;fSs; xUth; kDePjp. mth; jd; Fokf;fspd;
Fiwfis jPh;g;gjw;fhf Muha;r;rp kzp xd;iw mikj;jhh;. xU
ehs; mk;kzpia gR xd;W moj;jJ/ tprhhpf;Fk; nghJ kd;dh;
kfdpd; njh;f;fhypy; khl;o mg;gRtpd; fd;W ,we;jJ bjhpa
te;jJ. ePjpia epiy ehl;lt[k;/ jtWf;F rhpahd jz;lid
tH=;Ftjw;fhft[k; kd;dh;jd; kfid njh;f;fhypy; ,l;Lf;
41
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
bfhd;whh; ,jdhy; tuyhw;wpy; mHpahg; g[fH; bgw;whh;.
õöƒ°î™
ªêŒòô£‹.
õ½×†´î™
¾ ehlfj;ij khzth;fis eoj;Jf; fhl;lr; brhy;yp tYt{l;ly;.
¾ ,e;ehlfj;ijg; gw;wp khzth;fspilna fye;JiuahLjy;.
kDePjp nrhHidg; nghy ePjpf;fhf capiu tpl;l ghz;oa
beL+;brHpad; fijiaf; TWjy;.
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
¾ brhy;yf;nfl;L vGJjy;.
¾ tpdhf;fSf;F tpil vGJjy;.
¾ FGthfg; gphpj;J gf;f vz; 52y; cs;s brhy; cUthf;Ff
gFjpia vGjr; brhy;Yjy;.
42
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
ñFŠd´:
¾ bghUs; jUf
,d;dy;
guk;giu
¾ Muha;r;rp kzp vjw;fhf bjh=;ftplg;gl;lJ>
¾ ,e;ehlfj;jpy; tUk; Kf;fpa fjhghj;jpu=;fs; vd;d>
¾ gR vjw;fhf Muha;r;rp kzpia moj;jJ>
ñFŠHìô£‹.

i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ eP thGk; R{Hypy; fhQk; gwitfs;/ tpy=;Ffs; gw;wpa

bra;jpfis jpul;o glj;bjhFg;g[ jahh; bra;J tur; brhy;Yjy;.
43
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ð£ìˆF†ì‚ ¬è«ò´ 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
ð£ì‹ 9
«õ¬ô‚«èŸø ÃL

¾ fijia khzth;fs; jk; brhe;j eilapy; TWjy;.
¾ fij eilbgWk; R{Hy; gw;wp jd; brhe;j fUj;ij TWth;.
¾ gpwhplk; vt;thW ele;J bfhs;s ntz;Lbkd mwpjy;
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ g[jpa brhw;fs; vGjpa ml;il

¾ murit gl=;fs;
¾ bjhHpyhsh;fs; gl=;fs;
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
44
44 44
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ gy;ntW bjhHpy; bra;a[k; bjhHpyhsh;fspd; gl=;fisf; fhl;o
mth;fs; bra;a[k; bjhHpy;fs; gw;wp nfl;ly;.
¾ murit glj;ijf; fhl;o mijg;gw;wp khzth;fis ngr
bra;jy;.
nghd;wtw;wpd; @yk; Mh;t@l;ly;.
õ£Cˆî™:
è£†´î™.
ªê™½î™.
M÷‚°î™.
¾ mz;ilehL - gf;fj;J ehL
¾ tpdtpdhh; - nfl;lhh;
¾ epkpj;jkhf - fhuzkhf
45
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ fl;lis - Miz
¾ tpwF btl;o - tpwF btl;Lgth;
¾ Mty; - Mh;tk;
¾ Iak; - re;njfk;
¾ tpiue;J - ntfkhf
¾ tpag;g[ - Mr;rhpak;
¾ bghwhik - fhH;g;g[
,uj;jpd g[hp
kd;dh; mHfhg[hp
bry;Yjy;
mHfhg[hp kd;dh;
rpwg;ghf Ml;rp
elj;Jjy;
murit
epfH;r;rpia
ntiyf;nfw;g Typ
fhQjy;
cz;ik mwpe;J
bghwhik Fzj;ij
,uj;jdg[hp kd;dh;
iftpLjy; mHfhg[hp kd;dh;
elj;ijf; fz;L
tpag;giljy;
ªî£°ˆî™
¾ mHfhg[hp kd;dh; Ml;rp rpwg;g[ cyfbf=;Fk; gutpaJ
,ijawpe;j ,uj;jd g[hp kd;dd; bghwhik bfhz;L xUehs;
mHfhg[hp kd;dDld; ,Uf;f fpsk;gpdhh;.
¾ mHfhg[hp kd;dhpd; muritapy; tpwF btl;oaplk; kd;dh;
ele;J bfhz;l Kiwia mwpe;J tpag;gile;J jd; bghwhik
46
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
vz;zj;ijf; iftpl;L jd; Fo kf;fsplKk; mt;thnw ele;J
bfhs;s ntz;Lk; vd KobtLj;jhh;.
õöƒ°î™
ªêŒòô£‹.
õ½×†´î™
¾ thH;tpy; Kd;ndw njitahdJ mwpth/ ciHg;gh vd;w

jiyg;gpy; khzth;fSf;F bjhpe;jij ngrr; brhy;Yjy;.
¾ khzth;fis ,f;fijia ehlfkhf eoj;Jf;fhl;lr;
brhy;Yjy;.
¾ cdf;F ,g;go xU R{Hy; neh;e;jhy; vt;thW ele;J bfhs;tha;
vd khzth;fsplk; fye;JiuahLjy; nghd;wtw;wpd; @yk;
tYt{l;Ljy;


â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
¾ gf;f vz; 58 kw;Wk; 59y; cs;s gapw;rpfis khzth;fis
FGthfg; gphpj;J vGj brhy;Yjy;
47
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
ñFŠd´:
¾ tpwF btl;o kd;dhplk; vd;d Twpdhh;>
¾ ahh; rpwe;j kd;dh;>
¾ bghUs; jUf.
i) fl;lis ii) bghwhik iii) Mty;

ñFŠHìô£‹.
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspf;f gFjpiar; bra;J tu brhy;Yjy;.

¾ gy;ntW bjhHpy; bra;a[k; bjhHpyhsh;fspd; glj;bjhFg;g[
jahhpj;J tur; brhy;Yjy;.
48
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 îI›
ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnL
M=;fpyk;
49
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îI› 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
50
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LESSON PLAN
LESSON : 1.1
Prose Appa
Ê Nature of the Lesson : Stand alone
Ê Format : Group study, Pair study
Ê Learning Skill : Listening, Speaking,
Reading,Writing
Learning Outcomes :
¾ To know about the important role of father in a
family.
¾ To know about the concepts of the story.
¾ To learn more vocabulary.
¾ To learn the Synonym and Antonyms in this part.
Teaching & Learning Materials :

¾ Flash Cards
¾ Disaster Pictures
¾ Family Pictures
¾ Pictures
¾ Models
¾ Charts
¾ QR code videos and materials to play the videos
¾ Classroom situation and Students’ Participation
¾ Black board, chalks in different colours
¾ Textbook
Introduction
Ê Motivation
¾ Teacher can motivate the students by asking
51
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ENGLISH 5 in 1  GANGA  CLASS : 4 TERM 2
questions related to the affection of students towards
their parents
¾ Teacher can motivate the students by showing the
pictures of tsunami and checking whether they are
aware of tsunami
¾ Also recall by asking questions or sing any rhymes

related to the topic
Ê Understanding - Guided Reading
¾ Teacher read the whole lesson in sentence wise with
correct proper pronunciation and stress.
Ê Understanding - Individual Reading
¾ The students are asked to read the text content
individually or followed by the the teacher.
52
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CLASS : 4 TERM 2  GANGA  5 in 1 ENGLISH
New Words
¾ Coastal – Located near sea – flnyhu
¾ toiled – hard work – ciHg;g[
¾ receded – move away – tpyf;Fjy;
¾ brace - Clamp - gpog;g[
¾ Gazing – to look steadily and intently - btwpj;J
¾ Screaming – Sound of a
person that screams - myWjy;
¾ Massive – bulky and heavy – bghpa
¾ whirled – to turn around – ntfkhf RHYjy;
¾ Fainted – to lose consciousness – ka=;Fjy;
¾ rehabilitation – to restore to a
condition in past – kPs;Fonaw;wk;
Mind Map
Meena’s mother was

Keeraikuppam was a
washed away by the
small coastal village
wave and her father
near Nagapattinum
was lost somewhere
Meena transferred to
a rehabilitation centre.
Meena’s family was
Appa The incharge of the
living that village
centre and his wife
often carried Meena
After many years

One Sunday morning
Meena’s father who was
on December,
lost in tsunami returned.
Meena’s village was
She was very happy
hit by tsunami waves.
when she saw her father
53
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Consolidation
¾ Keeraikuppam was a small coastal village near

Nagapatinam. It was a pleasant Sunday morning in
December. Meena’s family was at the shore to see off
her father going to sea.
¾ The Village bell was about to strike eight times. All
the children and the villagers started running
towards the sea.
¾ The sea water continued to recede. People saw a wave
far away in the sea. Everyone was getting ready to
brace the big wave that was coming towards them.
¾ It was getting closer to the shore with a roar. Meena’s
mother felt a sudden fear. The sea water entered into
the village and washed out the huts and boats.
¾ Meena’s mother washed away and Meena whirled
through the water.She was fainted.
¾ When she woke up, she was in the Hospital. After
she recovered, they transferred her to a rehabilitation
center.
¾ Meena was the youngest of all and soon was loved
by all. Meena now opened her eyes. Her cheeks were
moist. All this seemed like it happened yesterday and
now was in the twelfth standard.
¾ She then heard a familiar voice calling her, “Meenu”.
She raised her head to see.
¾ She jumped out of her bench and dashed towards
him, calling “Appa”
Presentation
¾ Students are encouraged to present their idea of the
content in groups.
¾ Students are asked to discuss about the theme and
main points of the lesson in the groups.
54
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¾ Students are asked to talk about topic related

content which they know and learn.
Reinforcement
¾ Teacher should make the students to underline the
hardword and pronunciate the word clearly.
¾ Students can read the lesson loudly.
¾ Teacher should explain the true love of Father to
their family.
¾ The teacher explain the content theme once again.
¾ Teach hard word once again.
¾ Use simple activities and simple games related to the
topic to reinforce the students.
¾ Use teaching learning materials to explain the hard
part of the content.
¾ Also use QR code videos and topic related you tube
videos to describe the content.
Writing
¾ Teacher ask the students to write down the book
back exercise.
¾ And also ask to write the New Words with Meanings
and give opportunity to read and Write Consolidate
Points of the Content.
Evaluation
¾ We can evaluate students by these type of simple and
thinkable questions like,
(i) Meena’s father was a ___________ ans: fisher man
(ii) Meena was transferred to a __________
a. School b. Village c. Rehabilitation centre
d. College
55
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(iii) Which disaster had hit the village?
¾ From the above questions we could evaluate the
students.
¾ Ask simple questions related to the content to
evaluate the students.
Remedial teaching
Find out late bloomers and teach the theme of the lesson
once again.
¾ Teacher discuss about the topic content
¾ Those Students Who are found lacking in any of the
above steps, then remedial teaching is given. Find the
content which is hard to understand and teach that
content using technologies like QR code videos,
pictures, songs .
¾ For late bloomers, Use the textbook activities to do
repeatly.
¾ Fromtheindividualoralactivity,wecanfindthe
student who are not understand the topic. For these
students, give activities in peer group.
Home Work
Write the meanings of:

1. Receded
2. Fainted
3. Massive
4. Rehabilitation
¾ Meena was transferred to _____________
¾ Which disaster had hit the village?
¾ Say True or False:
¾ Three waves hit the Village
56
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LESSON PLAN
LESSON : 1.2
Grammar - Punctuation

Reading ,Writing
Learning Outcomes :
¾ To know about the Punctuation.
¾ To learn about the punctuation marks.
¾ To study about the usage of punctuation marks.
¾ To know about the importance of punctuation.

¾ Flash Cards
¾ Picture Chart
¾ Pictures
¾ Models
¾ Charts
¾ Textbook
Introduction
Ê Motivation
¾ Teacher can motivate the students by giving the
cards which will be written with some simple or com-
57
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plex sentences in order to read the cards for the need
of punctuation marks

New Words
¾ 1. Punctuation – System of using certain
conventional marks – epWj;jf; FwpaPL
¾ beginning–thefirstPart–Muk;gk;
¾ abbreviations – a short and form
of a word or phrase – RUf;f=;fs;
¾ dot – a small spot – g[s;sp
58
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¾ comma – a punctuation mark – fhw;g[s;sp

¾ Separate – to keep apart or divide – gphpj;jy;
¾ Crooked – curved – bending – tise;j
¾ interrogation – questioning – nfs;tp
¾ tail – coming from behind – thy;
¾ marks – a badge, brand – FwpaPL
Mind Map
We must use at the end We must use comma to

of a sentence separate words in a list of three
Book is our best or more things
friend. Car, bus and bike are vehicles.
Full stop( . ) Comma( , )
Punctuation
Capital letter Question mark( ? )
We must use capital Grammar We must use question

letter in the beginning mark at the end of
of a sentence interrogative sentence
Preposition
I fly my kite. What are you doing?
IN FRONT OF BEHIND BETWEEN

The dog is in front of The dog is behind the The dog is between the
the house house houses
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Consolidation
Punctuation is the important part to help us

understand the Sentences.
Capital Letter:
¾ It must be used in the beginning of a Sentence.
¾ It comes in the beginning of proper noun and in the
abbreviation.
Ex: We take money from ATM.
Full Stop:
¾ It is used at the end of a sentence.
Ex: The bird is beautiful
Comma:
¾ It is used to separate words in a list of three or more
things
Ex: Car, Bus and Bike are Vehicles
Question Mark:
¾ It comes at the ends of interrogative sentences.
Ex: Who are you?
Presentation
content in groups.
Reinforcement
¾ Teacher should explain the importance of
Punctuation.
¾ To make the students to understand clearly.
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Writing
back exercise.
Evaluation
(i) Full stop looks like a _______ ans: dot
(ii) ______ is known as interrogation mark
a. Full stop b. Comma c. Capital letter
d. Question mark
(iii) Mention some prepositions.
students.
Remedial teaching
¾ Find out late bloomers and teach the theme of the
lesson once again.
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pictures, songs .
repeatly.
¾ Prepare an album of various industries.
Home Work
Punctuate it:
¾ Jain ate an apple
¾ Where is my Cat
¾ He likes shirts pants and shorts
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LESSON PLAN
LESSON : 1.3
The Real Wealth

Reading, Writing
Learning Outcomes :
¾ To know about the real wealth is relatives.
¾ To know about the theme of the poem.
¾ To learn about the Rhyming words.
¾ To study about the preposition words an its usage.

¾ Family Chart
¾ Flash Cards
¾ Videos
¾ Pictures, Models, Charts
¾ Textbook
Introduction
Ê Motivation
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questions about the family members in their house
and their relationship with the students
¾ Teacher can motivate the students by asking in what
way those relations are useful to him/her

New Words
¾ Spoilt – to become bad – bfl;Lg;nghd
¾ daily bread, Daily food – jpdrhp czt[
¾ dare – be bold – Jzpt[
¾ nurture – nutrition, nourishment - rf;jp
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¾ Zest – keen relish, experience – mDgtk;

¾ in front of – the part of
anything that faces forward – Kd;dhy;
¾ behind – toward the rear of - gpd;dhy;
¾ between – in the space separating - ,ilapy;
¾ deeds - an act – bray;
¾ bear–toholdorremainfirmunder–bghWj;jy;
Mind Map
The real wealth
Parents brought
A good friend Relationships
us to this world.
They take care of
is always with are the real
us in all times wealth
our daily needs
Brothers and We must care

sisters are always and protect the
taking care of relationship like
each other our health.
Consolidation
¾ Our relationship are the real wealth

¾ Parents bring soil and the family members take care it.
¾ They worked hard to make it wealth.
¾ Brotherfightsforhissharebutifsomehurtsanyone
he never standalone
¾ Sister’s are the next to parents. We should give
respect to them
¾ Friend’s are the one who is reads to satisfy our needs
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¾ So relationships are the real wealth.
¾ We must protect them like our health.
¾ Let us care and give affection to them.
Presentation
content in groups.
Reinforcement
¾ Teacher should read the poem clearly.
¾ Teacher must tell the importance of our relationship
(Family members)
¾ Students should give respect to their elders.
¾ They show their love and affection to their relations.
¾ Divide the class into some groups, Each Group has to
make the presentation of Topic Content
Evaluation
(i) _______ earn our daily bread. Ans: Parents
(ii) __________ are the real wealth.
a. Golds b. Relationships c. Moneys d. Foods
(iii) How does a friend support us?
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students.
Remedial teaching
lesson once again.
pictures, songs .
repeatly.
Home Work
Match the following:

Share - dare
Bread - rest
Care - needs
Deeds - ahead
Zest - bear
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LESSON PLAN
LESSON : 1.4
A True Friend
Reading ,Writing
Learning Outcomes :
¾ To learn the meanings of hazard, disaster and
catastrophe.
¾ To describe the major types of hazards, their causes
and effects.
¾ To develop awareness regarding hazards and related
prevention measures.
Teaching Learning Materials:

¾ Drawing Charts, Flash Cards.
¾ Rotating Cards
¾ Hazards chart, manmade and natural disaster
¾ Computer, mobile, speaker for Q.R Code videos.
¾ Newspaper, magazine
Introduction
Ê Motivation
questions about their friends and best friend/friends
¾ Teacher can motivate by storytelling about the true
friendship
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¾ The students are asked to read the text content indi-
vidually or followed by the the teacher.
New Words
¾ upset – to disturb mentally or emotionally - tUj;jk;
¾ Shook – a shock of sheaves – FYf;F
¾ grabbed – snatch, clutch – gwpj;jy;
¾ glued – to cover or smear – xl;Ljy;/ tHpjy;
¾ bowed – to bend the knee or body – jiy Fdpjy;
¾ annoyed – irritated – vhpr;ry;
¾ exclaimed – as in surprise – tpag;giljy;
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¾ Pestered – to bother persistently

with petty annoyances – tw;g[Wj;Jjy;
¾ tumbled – to fall helplessly down – tpGjy;
¾ biography – a written account
of another person’s life – Rarhpij
Mind Map
Friends pestered her
Nandhini and why she was upset.
Pandi were good
But she did not
friends.
answer anything
They were always Pandi wanted an idea

together. Both to make her smile.
would walk to
school chatting Pandi threw a
and playing rubber frog on her.
A TRUE
Everyone ran away
FRIEND as they were scared
Nandhini looked
terribly upset one of the frog
day. She did not
Nandhini was
respond to Pandi’s
surprised and she
play
burst into laughter.
In the class Everyone knows the
room she did not reason.
respond to the She lost two of her
attendance front teeth
Consolidation
¾ Nandhini and Pandi were good friends since child-

hood. They lived in the same street, so they were
always together. Every day Pandi would stop at her
home on the way to school. Both would walk to
school chatting and playing. Sometimes, they would
race home from school.
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¾ One day, as usual, Pandi came to Nandhini’s home.
She tooked upset and sad. He grabbed her bag and
said excitedly, “Catch me if you can.”
¾ Nandhini walked into the classroom slowly. She sat
down, with her head bowed down. The teacher en-
tered and take attendance. Nandhini did not answer
when the teacher called her name.
¾ The Teacher went near Nandhini. She touched her
forehead and asked.”Are you feeling okay?” Do you
have a fever? Shall I call your parents? Asked the
teacher.
¾ Pandi ad enough of Nandhini’s silence. He had nev-
er seen her so dull. He wanted an idea to make her
smile.
¾ He took out something from his bag and ran to show
ittoher.ItwasflyingstraighttoNandhini.
¾ She closed her eyes and tried to catch it. Everyone
ran away as they were scared of the frog.
¾ Then she burst into laughter. It was a rubber frog.
Her friends and Teacher knew why she did not smile
or talk to anyone all day. Two of her front teeth were
missing.
Presentation
content in groups.
Reinforcement
¾ Teacher can explain the story again.
¾ Makethestudentstofindwhichpartofthestory
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would they like most?
¾ Teacher must tell about the True Friendship.
¾ Teacher can tell the students to make the
surroundings people happy.
Writing
back exercise.
Evaluation
¾ (i) ________ and ________ are friends.
Ans: Nandhini and Pandi
¾ (ii) Pandi threw a ___________ on Nandhini
a. Rubber frog b. Real frog
c. Rubber ball d. Rubber band
¾ (iii) What was the reason behind Nandhini’s dullness?
students.
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Remedial teaching
Find out late bloomers and teach the theme of the

lesson once again.
pictures, songs .
repeatly.
Home Work
Identify the character:

¾ Do you have fever?
¾ Did someone scold you?
¾ What was the reason behind Nandhini dullness?
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LESSON PLAN
LESSON : 2.1
A Lesson to Save
Ê Learning Skill : Listening, Speaking, Reading,
Writing
Learning Outcomes :
¾ To learn about the saving food habits in various
creatures.
¾ To understand the theme of the lesson.
¾ To know about the vocabulary.

¾ Flash Cards
¾ Save things – Slogans
¾ Videos, Pictures, Models, Charts
¾ Textbook
Introduction
Ê Motivation
¾ Teacher can motivate the students about their habit
of saving
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¾ Teacher can motivate the students by dividing them
in to groups to discuss among themselves about the
things to be saved other than money

¾ Teacher read the whole lesson in sentence wise
with correct proper pronunciation and stress.
New Words
¾ Creature – an animal – capupdk;
¾ glance – to look quickly – fz;nzhl;lk
¾ digging – remove earth, sand – njhz;Ljy;
¾ traps – a device used for catching – bghwpfs;
¾ tunnels – a underground passage – Ru=;fk;
¾ paralyze – to bring to a condition
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ofhelflessstoppage–gf;fthjk;
¾ sap–thevitalfluidofplant– jhtuj;jpd; bkd;gFjp
¾ fungus – micro organisms – g{+;ir
¾ granaries – a store house – fs+;rpak;
¾ interaction – reciprocal action – bjhlh;g[ vjph; bray;
Mind Map
Mole digs burrows

Humans save food
to catch the
in granaries. They
earthworms and
give importance to
save them for
save money.
winter
A lesson to
save
Ants collect
We must save water,
leaves. They drink
food, electricity,
the leaf sap and
forest and fuel to
use the leaves to
make sure that
grow fungus. They
future generations
store the leaves
can use these
for the winter.
Consolidation
¾ Amir saw dirt thrown out of a pit on the ground. He

went near it and saw a small rat-like creature. He
called out, “hey! Who are you? What are you doing in
there.
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¾ The creature came out and took a glance at the boy
and said “ I am digging a burrow to catch the
earthworms and save them for the winter.
¾ The mole replied, “I dig ‘worm traps’ along the
tunnels, when the earthworms cross it they fall into
it.
¾ Just then, near the mole’s burrow, Amir saw a leaf
moving. He went near it and saw a small ant. The ant
was carrying a big leaf.
¾ Ant said, “ I am a ‘leafcutter ant’. I am collecting
leaves for my colony. I can carry leaves that weigh
nearly twenty times my weight. “Amir was surprised”.
¾ The ant asked, By the way, do you, the humans save
the food that you need?” Amir replied.
¾ We also save food in granaries, but we need money to
buy it, so we usually give importance to save money.
¾ Don’t you have anything other than money to save?
Asked the ant.
¾ Amir answered, “My Mom asks me to save water,
food, electricity, forest and fuel.
¾ This interaction with the mole and the ant changed
the way Amir thought about the things around him.
Presentation
content in groups.
Reinforcement
¾ Teacher can explain the lesson clearly, students
should understand the lesson.
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¾ They must want to knew the word savings
¾ Teacher tells them to save everything and don’t waste
anything.
¾ They should realize the importance of savings for the
future generation
Writing
back exercise.
Evaluation
¾ (i) Leaf cutter ants drink the _________ ans: leaf sap
¾ (ii) We save food in _______
a. Shops b. Digs c. Granaries d. Bank
¾ (iii) Why should we save things?
students.
Remedial teaching
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lesson once again.

above steps, then remedial teaching is given. Find
the content which is hard to understand and teach
that content using technologies like QR code videos,
pictures, songs .
repeatly.
Home Work
¾ Discuss which is the most important to save “Food

water, electricity or money”. Why?
¾ List out the things that humans should save.
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LESSON PLAN
LESSON : 2.2
Let us Build
Ê Learning Skill : Listening, Speaking, Reading,
Writing
Learning Outcomes :
¾ Toknowabouttheprefixandsuffixwords.
¾ Toexplainthedefinitionofprefixandsuffix.
¾ Tocreatethenewwordsusingprefixandsuffix.

¾ Flash Card
¾ Chart, Videos, Pictures, Models, Charts
¾ Textbook
Introduction
Ê Motivation
¾ Teacher can divide the students in to groups and
giving cards containing words so that the students
canshufflethegivenwordandrearrangeinorderto
form new words.
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New Words
¾ tricks – an optical illusion – je;jpuk;

¾ prefix–anaffixplacedbeforeaword-,izg;g[ Kd;
¾ Suffix–anaffixplacedafteraword-gpd; ,izg;g[
¾ combination – The state of combined - nrh;f;if
¾ unfortunate unsuccess ful – JujpU&;ltrkhd
¾ rewrite – re work, edit – jpUk;g vGJ
¾ dislike avoid – btWg;g[
¾ prepaid - compensate – Kd;gzk;
¾ dispose – remove – mfw;W
¾ review – analyze – tpkh;rdk;
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Mind Map
Re Dis
When we add re, it When we add dis,
gives the meaning of it gives opposite
again. meaning
Example: rewrite, Example: dislike,
repaint dispose
Un Prefix Pre
When we add un, it When we add pre, it
gives opposite gives the meaning of
meaning Grammar before
Example: unwanted, Example: prepaid,
unfortunate preschool
Tenses
Simple past tense Simple past tense Simple future tense

• Noun+pastverb for be form verbs • Subject+auxillaries
• Iwrote the test • Subject+beverb +presentverb+object
• He/shewentto +object • Weshall meet him
park • Itwas a computer tomorrow
• Theywere • Theywill meet her
students tomorrow
Consolidation
¾ A Prefixisalettercombinationthatisfixedatthe
beginningoftheword.ThePrefixesaddnewmeaning
to the word.
Ex: un re dis pre
Unable, Reopen, discontinue, preview
When we add un, it gives opposite meaning
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Example: unwanted, unfortunate

When we add re, it gives the meaning of again.
Example: rewrite, repaint
When we add dis, it gives opposite meaning
Example: dislike, dispose
When we add pre, it gives the meaning of before
Example: prepaid, preschool
Simple past tense

¾ Noun+pastverb
Simple past tense for be form verbs
¾ Subject+beverb+object
Simple future tense
¾ Subject+auxillaries+presentverb+object
Presentation
content in groups.
Reinforcement
¾ TeachercanexplainthePrefixclearly.
¾ Teacher can ask different words to the students to
attachthePrefixword.
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Writing
back exercise.
Evaluation
¾ (i) The past form of stand is ____________ ans: stood
¾ (ii)Writethecorrectprefixandmakenewword:
_______ school.
a. Pre b. Re c. Un d. Dis
¾ (iii) What is future tense?
students.
Remedial teaching
lesson once again.
pictures, songs.
repeatly.
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Home Work
Match the Following:

Pre - lucky
Dis - Check
Un - view
Re - approve
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LESSON PLAN
LESSON : 2.3
What do Humans Save

Reading, Writing
Learning Outcomes :
¾ To know about the food storing places. (Both animals
and humans)
¾ To know about the Rhyming words.
¾ To understand the theme of the poem.
¾ To know learn more vocabulary.
¾ To study about the present, past, past participle.

¾ Flash Cards
¾ Pictures of animals and their savings
¾ Textbook
Introduction
Ê Motivation
¾ The pictures of animals can be shown to the students
and asking them about the food habit of that animals
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¾ Students can be divided in to groups in order to
discuss among themselves about the saving of food
by animals and human beings

New Words
¾ Pile – load, hill – Ftpay;
¾ anthill – house of ants – vWk;g[g;g[w;W
¾ moles – a type of rat – vyp
¾ pantries – Store room – ruf;F miw
¾ larder – rack for food items – czt[g; bghUs; itf;Fk;
mykhhp
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¾ prey – food - ,iu
¾ granary – a store house – fs+;rpak;
¾ cannery – can (or) tin – ghl;oy; my;yJ jfu lg;gh
¾ deposit – store, invest – itg;g[
¾ Channels – transport, carry - vLj;Jr; bry;Yjy;
Mind Map
Tunnels Pantries
Anthill Larder
Moles Crocodile
What do
Ants humans save? Squirrels
Farmers Leopards
Granary Tree
Consolidation
¾ Ants save food in Ant hill and eat during the winter
¾ Moles dig tunnels and save worms
¾ Crocodile store food in Pantries
¾ Squirrels store food in Larder
¾ Leopards keep the prey on tree and eat them when it
is free.
¾ Farmer’s harvest and store in Granary.
¾ The nature gave everything. So we should save it.
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Presentation
content in groups.
Reinforcement
¾ Teacher tell about the meaning of the poem
¾ Students should learn how to save the nature.
¾ Teacher clearly tells the savings and its uses.
¾ Make the students to read the poem loudly.
Writing
back exercise. And also ask to write the New Words
with Meanings and give opportunity to read and
Write Consolidate Points of the Content.
Evaluation
(i) Crocodiles store there food in ______________
ans: pantries
(ii) __________ keep their prey on a tree
a. Ants b. Leopards c. Squirrels d. Moles
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(iii) Write the meanings of granary, cannery and pantries.
students.
Remedial teaching

lesson once again.
pictures, songs .
repeatly.
Home Work
Meaning:
¾ 1. Pile
¾ 2. Pantries
¾ 3. Granary
Rhyming Word:
¾ 1. Ant hill ____________.
¾ 2. Larder ___________
¾ 3. Tunnel ___________
¾ 4.tree ___________
What do we save? Why?
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LESSON PLAN
LESSON : 2.4
Save Wisely

Reading ,Writing
Learning Outcomes :
¾ To know about the usage of Piggy bank.
¾ To understand the uses of money.
¾ To learn about the new words.
¾ Toknowabouthowtofillthechallan.

¾ Flash Cards, Camera Picture
¾ Flute Picture, Piggy Bank
¾ Black board , chalks in different colours
¾ Textbook
Introduction
Ê Motivation
¾ Teacher can get the different answers from the
students by asking their expenses of their hardly
saved money
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¾ Teacher can form the groups among the students and
get the different answers about the need for saving
the money.

New Words
¾ wisely – intelligently – g[j;jprhypj;jdk;
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¾ cousins – relative – bghpag;gh/ rpj;jg;gh/
khkhtpd; FHe;ijfs;
¾ Spend – give, expend – brytpL
¾ Purposefully – by design – Fwpf;nfhSld;
¾ Siblings – sister or brother – cld;gpwg;g[fs;
¾ determined – rule, complete – jPh;khdpj;jy;
¾ Stationeries – writing materials – vGJ bghUl;fs;
¾ Occasions – moment, chance – tpHh
¾ disappointed – saddened, upset – Vkhw;wk;
¾ meanwhile – at the same time - ,jw;fpilapy;
Mind Map
Their grandfather felt

The family members and that the children should
relatives would give the learn to save money. So
children money to buy he announced that the
sweets and toys children should save the
money
Every year, Kamali Kamali and

and her cousins Senthil were
would visit their determined to
grandparent in save the money
their native village and use it
for the car festival purposefully.
Save wisely
Kamali’s father Senthil saved

gifted her new his money in the
fluteontheir postoffice.At
village festival. the end of saving
She was happy he bought a new
camera
Kamali’s father asked

her savings money for
Kamali also save her
an urgent need. So
money. She wanted to
she gave him. She was
buyanewflute.
disappointed that she
couldnotbuyflute.
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Consolidation
¾ Every year, Kamali and her cousins would visit their

grandparents in their native village for the car festival
that lasted for three days. The entire village will be in
a festive mood.
¾ The family members and relatives would give the
children money to buy sweets and toys. They would
spend all the money, and never saved the money at
all.
¾ He announced that the children should save the
money they get the course of a year, and spend it
purposefully.
¾ The Children were not at all excited by the
announcement. They did not take the grandfather
seriously
¾ The eldest of the kids were Kamali and Senthil. They
were determined to save every rupee they got.
¾ By the end of the festival, they managed to save
around three hundred rupees. Grandfather was so
happy to see their effort.
¾ Senthil, when he went home, took his father to the
nearestpostofficeandopenedasavingsaccount.
¾ Senthil’s dream was to buy a Camera. At the end of
the year, his father checked his savings and bought
him the latest camera with his savings
¾ Kamaliwantedtobuyaflute.Hepromisedto
return the money soon. Kamali gave her savings to
her father.
Presentation
content in groups.
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Reinforcement
¾ Teacher read the hard word and make the students
tofindthemeanings.
¾ Explain the content once again to reinforce.
Writing
back exercise.
¾ And also ask to write the New Words with
Meanings and give opportunity to read and Write
Consolidate Points of the Content.
Evaluation
¾ (i) Senthil saved his money to the ___________
ans: post office
¾ (ii) Kamali wanted to buy a ________
a. Bag b. Toy c. Dress d. Flute
¾ (iii) Who is Kamali?
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students.
Remedial teaching

lesson once again.
pictures, songs .
repeatly.
Home Work
¾ What happens to Jayan?

¾ What did Kamali get as gift?
¾ Draw the piggy Bank and Colour it.
¾ Make a Sentence using,
1. Meet
2. Save
3. Nature
4. Visit
5. Decide
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ghlj;jpl;lf; ifnL
fzf;F
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CLASS : 4 TERM 2
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totpay;
Ê ÜôA¡ î¡¬ñ : è†®ì‚è™ õ¬è / ¬ñC‰¶‹ õ¬è /

ñó‹ A¬÷ õ¬è
¾ tot=;fis gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ ,Ughpkhz Kg;ghpkhz=;fis gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ cUt=;fspd; rkr;rPh; jd;ikia mwpjy;.
¾ fz;zhoapy; gpujpgypf;Fk; gpk;g=;fisg; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ ,Ughpkhzk;/ Kg;ghpkhzk; ? bghUl;fs;.

¾ fhfpjj; Jz;Lfs;
¾ ,iyfs;/ tot=;fs;/ tl;l=;fspd; cUt=;fs;
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs; & fz;zho
¾ tpiut[j; Jy=;fy; FwpaPl;L (QR Code) tPonahf;fs; kw;Wk;
Speaker …. )
¾ tFg;giwr; NHy;/ khzth;fspd; g=;fspg;g[
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ gy;ntW tot=;fspd; gl=;fisf; fhl;o mij vd;d totk;
vd fz;Lgpof;fr; brhy;Yjy;
¾ fz;zho Kd;ghf xU bghUisf; fhl;o bghUSf;Fk;
gpk;gj;jpw;Fk;. ,ilnaahd xw;Wik ntw;Wikfis Twr;
bra;jy;.
G¬ù¾ Ã˜î™
¾ Mrphpah; ‘tot=;fis’ tiue;J mjd; bgah;fis TWjy;.

¾ fUk;gyifapy; ,Ughpkhzk;/ Kg;ghpkhzk; bghUs;fis
tiue;J mjd; ghf=;fisg; gw;wp TWjy;.
¾ bghUs;fspd; cUt=;fs; fz;zhoapy; vt;thW gpujpgypf;Fk;
vd;gij tpsf;Ff.
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
gupkhz=;fs;
,Ugupkhzk; rkr;rPu; cUt=;fs;
ePsk;/ mfyk; ,Urkghf=;fshf gpupf;f
Koe;j cUt=;fs; rkr;rPu;
Kg;gupkhzk;
cUt=;fs; vdg;gLk;
ePsk;/ mfyk;/ cauk;
totpay;
rkr;rPu; totpay; cUt=;fs;

tot=;fs; rkr;rPu; nfhLfs; rkr;rPu; nfhLfs;
¾ rJuk; ? 4 xU totj;ij ,U
¾ brt;tfk; ? 2 rkghf=;fshf gpupf;f
¾ tl;lk; ? vz;zw;wit Toa nfhL rkr;rPu; nfhL
vdg;gLk;
¾ rkgf;fKf;nfhzk; ? 3
ÝCKò˜ ªêò™ð£´
Mrphpah; fPH;f;fz;l tot=;fis rk jd;ika[ilaJ vd

epqgpj;jy;.
101
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ rpy M=;fpy vGj;Jfis rkr;rPh; jd;ik cilaJ vd;gij
gphpj;J fhl;Ljy;.
¾ kw;w ghjpiag; gad;gLj;jpr; rkr;rPh; jd;ikapd; gpujpgypg;ig

tiuf.
1. 2. 3. 4.
ñ£íõ˜èœ ªêò™ð£´
¾ rkr;rPh; jd;ika[s;s tot=;fisf; fz;Lgpoj;J tz;zkpLf.

g.vz;: 3
1. 2. 3. 4.
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¾ ðJŸC èí‚°è¬÷ ñ£íõ˜è¬÷ îQˆ«î£ Ü™ô¶

°¿õ£è«õ£ «ñŸªè£œ÷ªêŒòô£‹.
¾ °¿M™ àœ÷ eˆFø¡I‚è ñ£íõ˜è¬÷ ªè£‡´ ñŸø
ñ£íõ˜èÀ‚° ¹Kî¬ô ãŸð´ˆî ªêŒòô£‹.
¾ ñ£íõ˜è¬÷‚ °¿õ£èŠ HKˆ¶ Mõ£Fˆ¶, èí‚°è¬÷
ªêŒò ¬õ‚èô£‹.
102
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
C‰î¬ù¬ò É‡´‹ ªêò™ð£´
¾ xU rJuj;jpy; ehd;F rkr;rPh; nfhLfs; tiuayhk;.
¾ xU tl;lj;jpy; vz;zw;w rkr;rPh; nfhLfs; tiuayhk;.
¾ ,Ughpkhzj;jpw;F ePsk; (k) mfyk; cz;L. Mdhy;

Kg;ghpkhzj;jpw;F ePsk;/ cauk; (k) mfyk; cz;L.
¾ xU cUtj;ij ,uz;L rkg;gFjpfshfg; gphpf;Fk; nfhL
rkr;rPh;f; nfhL vd miHf;fg;gLk;.
õ½×†´î™
¾ Mrphpah; rpy ,Ughpkhz bghUs;fisa[k;/ Kg;ghpkhz

bghUs;fisa[k; fhz;gpj;J mjd; cUtsitfs; gw;wp
tpsf;Fjy;.
¾ khzth;fsplk; rpy fhfpj cUt=;fis fhz;gpj;J mjid
,U rkghf=;fshf gphpj;J fhz;gpj;J mjd; jd;ikfis
tpsf;Fjy;.
¾ ghlg;gFjpapy; g[hpe;Jbfhs;s rpukk; Vw;gLk; gFjpiaf;
fz;lwpe;J/ mjidj; bjspt[g;gLj;j QR Code fhbzhspfs;/
gl=;fs; nghd;w bjhHpy;El;g=;fspd; cjtpnahL
tYt{l;lyhk;.
ñFŠd´:
i) rkr;rPh; nfhL vd;why; vd;d>

ii) tl;lj;jpw;F __________ rkr;rPh; nfhLfs; tiuayhk;
103
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
vz;zw;w
iii) @d;W rkr;rPh; nfhLfs; bfhz;l totk;
i) rJuk; ii) brt;tfk; iii) tl;lk;
iv) rkgf;f Kf;nfhzk;
ñFŠHìô£‹.
¬ñò‚è¼ˆF™ ¹Kî™ °¬øõ£è àœ÷ ñ£íõ˜èÀ‚°
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ eP trpf;Fk; ,lj;jpy; cs;s bghUs;fisr; nrfhpj;J mtw;wpd;

rkr;rPh; jd;ikia fhz;f.
¾ gf;f vz; 6?y; cs;s gapw;rp 1.3?y; cs;s tpdhf;fSf;F tpil
fhz;f.
¾ eP=;fns rpy rkr;rPh; cUt=;fSf;F Vw;whw;nghy; gl=;fis
tiuf.
¾ ð£ìˆF½œ÷ ¹ˆîè ðJŸC èí‚°è¬÷ i†´Š
ð£ìñ£è«õ£, ªî£ì˜ŠðE‚è£è«õ£ ñ£íõ˜èÀ‚°
ÜO‚èô£‹.
104
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ð£ì‹ 2.1
vz;fs;

¾ bgUf;fy; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ neg;gpah; Kiwg;gw;wp g[hpe;Jf; bfhs;Sjy;.
¾ jug;gLj;jg;gl;l Kiw gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ Jz;L g[jph;btl;Lf; fl;lk; gw;wp mwpjy;;
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ tiug;glk; ? neg;gpah; Kiw
¾ tiug;glk;
¾ ,a=;Fk; khjphp
¾ fzpj fUtpfs; (Maths kit box)
mjw;Fj; njitahd cgfuz=;fs; (Computer / Tab/
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ ml;ilfis rpW fzf;Ffis vGjp xU khztiu miHj;J
105105
501105 501105
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
VjhtbjhU ml;ilia vLf;fr; bra;J mjpy; cs;s fzf;fpw;F
tpil fz;Lgpof;fr; brhy;Yjy;.
G¬ù¾ Ã˜î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fSf;F bgUf;fy; Kiwfisg; gw;wp TWjy;.

¾ vz;fspd; ,lkjpg;g[ gw;wp TWjy;.
¾ bgUf;fy; vd;gJ kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; Tl;lypd; RUf;fpa
totkhFk;.
¾ vz;fspd; thpiria khw;wpdhYk;/ ,U vz;fspd;
bgUf;fw;gyd; khwhJ.
15 + 0 = 13 + 3 =
11 + 5 = 16 + 3 =
17 + 2 = 19 + 1 =
14 + 5 = 12 + 5 =
12 + 4 = 18 + 1 =
3 + = 16 8 + = 16
4 + = 16 9 + = 16
5 + = 16 10 + = 16
6 + = 16 1 + = 16
7 + = 16 2 + = 16
106
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
,uz;L ,yf;fvz;fis
,uz;L ,yf;fvz;fshy; @d;wpyf;f vz;fis Xupyf;f

bgUf;Fjy; vz;zhy; bgUf;Fjy;
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epiyahdtHpKiw mzptHpKiw epiyahdtHpKiw mzptHpKiw
 GANGA 
282 x 9
48 x 36 4 8 2 8 2
1 2 1 7 1
48 x 36 1 6 2 9
5 in 1
2 4 8 2 8
www.nammakalvi.in
288 2 8 2
2 4 5 3 8
144 7 7 × 9
1728 4 8 2 5 3 8
2 8
èí‚°
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ xU gs;spapy; xt;bthU tFg;giwapYk; 24 nkirfs; cs;sd.

mg;gs;spapy; 18 tFg;giwfs; ,Ue;jhy;/ bkhj;j nkirfspd;
vz;zpf;ifiaf; fz;lwpat[k;.
jPh;t[:?
Xt;bthU tFg;giwapYs;s nkirfspd; vz;zpf;if = 24
18 tFg;giwapYs;s nkirfspd; vz;zpf;if = 18 x 24
18 X 24
—————
7 2
3 6
—————
3 3 2
—————
2) @tpyf;f vz;iz Xhpyf;f vz;zhy; bgUf;Fjy;.
neg;gpah; tHpKiw:?
282 x 9
1 7 1
2 8 2 8
6
5 3 8
282 X 9 = 2538
¾ «î¬õªòQ™ ñ£íõ˜èÀ‚° ¹K»‹ õ¬ó e‡´‹

e‡´‹ èEîªêò™ð£´è¬÷ «ñŸªè£‡´ M÷‚è¾‹
ªêŒòô£‹.
¾ ªî£ì˜„Cò£è ñ£íõ˜è¬÷ H¡ªî£ìó„ªêŒî™.
¾ g{h;j;jp bra;f. gf;f vz;: 15?y; cs;s 8?tJ tha;ghL.

¾ gapw;rp 2.1?y; cs;s tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp.
108
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
¾ ñ£íõ˜è¬÷‚ °¿õ£èŠ HKˆ¶ Mõ£Fˆ¶ ,
èí‚°è¬÷ ªêŒò ¬õ‚èô£‹.
¾ xU bgl;oapy; 6 kpl;lha;fs; cs;sd vdpy; 10 bgl;ofspy;

cs;s kpl;lha;fspd; vz;zpf;if ahJ>
¾ xU miwf;F 6 kpd;tprpwpfs; njitg;gLfpwJ vdpy; 9
miwf;F vj;jid kpd;tprpwpfs; njitg;gLk;>
õ½×†´î™
¾ Mrphpah; fzpj fUtpg; bgl;oiag; gad;gLj;jp tha;ghLfis

tpsf;fpdhh;.
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fis g[jph;btl;Lf;fl;lk; tiua brhy;yp
mjd; @yk; bgUf;fy; vd;gJ bjhlh; Tl;lypd; btspghL
vd;gij mwpar; bra;jy;.
¾ neg;gpah; ml;ilia gad;gLj;jp rpy tpdhf;fSf;F
tpilfhz cjt[jy;.
tYt{l;lyhk;.
ñFŠd´:
1. 24 x 18 __________ 432
ii) 124 x 0 bgUf;f fpilg;gJ ______________
m) 0 M) 124 ,) 1240
iii) mzp Kiwiag; gad;gLj;jp tpil fhz;f. 24 x 12 = ?
109
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ gf;fk; 14?y; cs;s ml;ltizia g{h;j;jpbra;f.

¾ gapw;rp 2.1?y; cs;s tpdh 1 (k) 2f;F tpilf; fhz;f.
110
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ð£ì‹ 2.2
vz;fs;

¾ Jz;L g[jph;btl;Lf; fl;lj;ij gad;gLj;Jk; Kiwia
mwpjy;.
¾ g{r;rpaj;jpd; kjpg;ig mwpjy;.
¾ xU vz;zpw;F ,uz;Lf;F nkw;gl;l bgUf;fy; gyd; cz;L
vd;gij mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ g[jph;btl;Lf; fl;lk; khjphp fzpj fUtpg; bgl;o

¾ tiug;gl=;fs;/ RHyl;ilfs; bgUf;fy;/ tiug;glk;
Speaker …. )
¾ fUk;gyif/ tz;zr; Rz;zf;fl;ofs;/ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ gf;f vz; 14/ 15?y; cs;sJ nghd;W 2 Kjy; 5 tiu cs;s
bgUf;fy; tha;ghl;ow;F ml;ltiz jahh; bra;J/ khzth;fis
FGf;fshfg; gphpj;J mth;fsplk; ml;ltiziaf; bfhLj;J
epug;g brhy;Yjy;.
111
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
G¬ù¾ Ã˜î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fis g[j;Jzh;t[ Vw;gLj;Jk; tifapy; rpy

nfs;tpfis nfl;lhh;.
¾ 10/ 100/ 1000/ 10000 ............ ,tw;wpy; vj;jid g{$;$pak;
cs;sJ.
¾ bgUf;fy; tha;ghLfis TWkhW khzth;fisj; J}z;Ljy;.
1) 9 x = 45 16) x 8 = 40
2) 6 x = 36 17) 9 x 54 =
3) x 3 = 27 18) 8 x = 64
4) x 6 = 42 19) x 7 = 63
5) 8 x 6 = 20) 4 x 9 =
6) 9 x 7 = 21) 6 x 8 =
7) x 7 = 49 22) 9 x = 81
8) 4 x = 36 23) x 8 = 56
9) x 8 = 48 24) 9 x = 63
10) 10 X = 90 25) x 6 = 48
11) 7 x = 35 26) 7 x = 56
12) 9 x = 27 27) x 5 = 45
13) X 10 = 70 28) 8 x = 80
14) 8 x = 32 29) x 4 = 32
15) 3 x = 24 30) 9 x 8 =
112
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
bgUf;fy;
bjhlu; Tl;lypd; Fwpg;g[fs;

RU=;fpatotk;
1?My; bgUf;Fy;
ve;j vz;iz xd;why; bgUf;fpdhYk;
mnj vz; tpilahf tUk;
vLj;Jf;fhl;L;:
10 x 1 = 10
vLj;Jf;fhl;L; 3x1=3
6 x 4
6=6x1=6 0 ?My; bgUf;Fy;
6 + 6 = 6 x 2 = 12 ve;j vz;iz 0 My; bgUf;fpdhYk;
6 + 6 + 6 = 6 x 3 = 18 0 tpilahf tUk;
6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 6 x 4 = 24 vLj;Jf;fhl;L;:
tpil : 6 x 4 = 24 276 x 0 = 0
5x0=0
bgUf;Fy; tupir:
vz;fspd; tupiriakhw;Wtjhy;
mjd; bgUf;fy; gyd; khwhJ
vLj;Jf;fhl;L;:
8 x 9 = 72 = 9 x 8
¾ xU tpisahl;L mzpapy; 9 Ml;fs; cs;sd. vdpy; 9

mzpapy; bkhj;jk; vj;jid Ml;fs; ,ug;ghh;fs;>
jPh;t[:?
xU mzpapd; bkhj;jk; Ml;fs; = 9
9 mzpapd; bkhj;j Ml;fs; =9x9
113
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
2) 36?I ,U vz;fis bgUf;fw;gydhf vGjt[k;.
2 X 18 3 X 12
36
9X4 6X6
1) 16?d; ,U vz;fspd; bgUf;fw;gydhf vGjt[k;.
? ?
16
? ?
2) 100 x 96 =
ªêŒòô£‹.
10 x 1 = 10 10 x 1 = 10
10 x 2 = 20 10 x 1 = 20
10 x 3 = 30 10 x 1 = 30
10 x 4 = 40 10 x 1 = 40
10 x 5 = 50
10 x 6 = 60
10 x 7 = 70
10 x 8 = 80
10 x 9 = 90 10 x 9 = 90
10 x 10 = 100
9 = 9 x 1 =
9 + 9 = 9 x 2 = 18
9 + 9 + 9 = 9 x 3 = 27
9 + 9 + 9 + 9 = 9 x 4 = 36
114
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
9 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 = 9 x 5 = 45
9 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 = 9 x 6 =
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
¾ xd;W kw;Wk; ve;j vz;zpd; bgUf;fw;gyd; mnj vz;zhFk;.

¾ g{r;rpak; kw;Wk; ve;j vz;zpd; bgUf;fw;gyd; g{$;$pak; MFk;.
¾ vz;fspd; thpiria khw;wpdhYk;/ ,U vz;fspd;
bgUf;fw;gyd; khwhJ.
õ½×†´î™
¾ xU vz;iz 10/ 100/ 1000 My; bgUf;Fk; bghGJ Kiwna/

xU g{r;rpak;/ ,uz;L g{r;rpa=;fs; @d;W g{r;rpa=;fs; vd vGj
fw;Wf; bfhLj;jy;.
¾ khzth;fsplnk neg;gpah; ml;ilia bfhLj;J bgUf;fy;
tha;ghL vspa Kiwapy; fz;lwpa brhy;Yjy;.
115
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
tYt{l;lyhk;.
ñFŠd´:
1. xU miwf;F 6 kpd;tprpwpfs; njitg;gl;lhy;/ 3 miwfSf;F

vj;jid kpd;rpwpfs; njitg;gLk;>
2. 8 x 8 = _____
m) 8x2 M) 8x8 ,) 8x0 <) 8x1
3. 1000 x 9 = ______ 9000
ñFŠHìô£‹.
°¬øˆb˜ èŸHˆî™
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ gapw;rp vz;fs; 2.7 kw;Wk; 2.6?y; cs;s tpdhf;fSf;F tpil

fhz;f.
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ð£ì‹ 3
mikg;g[fs;
Ê ÜôA¡ î¡¬ñ : è†®ì‚è™ õ¬è / ¬ñC‰¶‹ õ¬è/

¾ mikg;g[fs; gw;wp mwpjy;.

¾ totpay; mikg;g[fspy; cs;s rkr;rPh; jd;ikia mwpjy;.
¾ gj;jpd; kl=;Ffis gw;wp mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ fz;zho
¾ rpy tot=;fs;
¾ rkr;rPh; tot=;fs;
¾ mikg;g[fs; ? ,a=;Fk; khjphp
¾ M=;fpy vGj;Jfs; ? tiug;glk;.
mjw;Fj; njitahd cgfuz=;fs; (Computer / Tab / Speaker…)
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
117
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ 1?9 tiu cs;s vz;fisg; gad;gLj;j Xh; vspa
khar;rJuj;ij tiuar; brhy;Yjy;.
¾ ifjl;ly;/ eldk; MLjy; nghd;w mirt[fis khzth;fis
bra;a itj;J mikg;g[ Kiwia tpsf;f Muk;gpj;jy;.
G¬ù¾ Ã˜î™
¾ Mrphpah; tot=;fis rk gf;f=;fshfg; gphpf;Fk; Kiwg; gw;wp

TWjy;.
¾ mLj;J tUtijg; gw;wp a{fpf;fr; bra;jy;.
2 7 6 15
7
9 5 1 15
4 3 8 15 9
8
15 15 15 15 15
Patterns
118
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
tottpaypy; mikg;g[fs;
tot=;fspd; mikg;g[fis g[upe;Jbfhs;Sjy;
mikg;g[fs;
rkr;rPu; cUt=;fs; mikg;g[fis epiwt[ bra;jy;
xU cUtj;ij ,U rk mst[s;s ¾tot=;fs;
cUt=;fshf gpsf;f Koe;jhy; me;j ¾vz;fs;
cUtk; rkr;rPu; cUtk; vdg;gLk; ¾totikg;g[fs;
totpay; mikg;g[fspd; rkr;rPu; jd;ik
1) gj;jpd; kl=;Ffshd 10/ 20/ 30/ 40/ 50/ 60/ 70/ 80 (k) 90?Ig;
gad;gLjjp khar; rJu=;fis cUthf;Ff.
20 90 40
70 50 30 50
60 10 80
150
2) mLj;j vz;iz fz;lwpf.
12/ 5/ 11/ 6/ 10/ 7/ 9/ _______ , ________
3) mikg;ig g{h;j;jp bra;f.

e‡´‹ èEî ªêò™ð£´è¬÷ «ñŸªè£‡´ M÷‚è¾‹
ªêŒòô£‹.
119
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¾ gapw;rp 3.1?y; cs;s tpdhf;fis jPh;f;f.

¾ M=;fpy vGj;Jf;fis vGjp mtw;iw rkr;rPh; nfhLfshy; gphpf;f.
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
ªêŒò ¬õ‚èô£‹
¾ xU cUtkhdJ totk; kw;Wk; mstpy; ,U rkgFjpfshfg;
gphpf;fg;gLkhapd;. ,t;t[Ut=;fs; rkr;rPh; jd;ik cUt=;fs;
vdg;gLk;.
¾ xG=;fw;w tot=;fis rkr;rPh; nfhLfshy; gphpf;f Koa[kh>
õ½×†´î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fspy; xU tiu njh;e;bjLj;J ,lJ gf;fk; ePy

epw cila[k; tyJ gf;fk; rptg;g[ epw cila[k; mzpe;J epw;f
bra;J rkr;rPh; nfhLfisg; gw;wp tpsf;Fjy;.
¾ khzth;fsplk; rpy fhfpj cUt=;fis bfhLj;J mjpy;
rkr;rPh; cUt=;fis fz;lwpa bra;J vt;thW rkr;rPh; totk;/
rkr;rPuw;w totk; vd mwpe;jha;> vd;gij tpsf;fr; bra;jy;.
ñFŠd´:
1. M=;fpy vGj;J ‘B’ f;F _______ rkr;rPh; nfhLfs; tiuayhk;. 1
2. 5,10,15, _____,______,_______
m) 16/17/18 M) 20/25/30 ,) 30/40/50 <) 10/20/30
3. gpd;tUtdtw;iw g{h;j;jp bra;f.
120
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
ñFŠHìô£‹.
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ fPH;f;fz;l cUt=;fspd; mikg;g[fis epug;g[.
1) , , ________ , _________
2) 5, 10, 15, 20, _______, _______, ________.
3) , , , ________, _________.
¾ fPH;f;fz;l tot=;fSf;F rkr;rPh;f; nfhLfs; tiuat[k;.
1) 2) 3)
ð£ìˆF½œ÷ ¹ˆîè ðJŸC èí‚°è¬÷ i†´Š ð£ìñ£è«õ£,

121
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ð£ì‹ 4.1
msitfs;
Ê ÜôA¡ î¡¬ñ : è†®ì‚è™ õ¬è / ¬ñC‰¶‹ õ¬è / ñó‹

A¬÷ õ¬è
¾ vilfs; kw;Wk; vilf; fw;fs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ vilf; fUtpfs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ msitapy; Tl;ly; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ juhR (k) vilf; fw;fs;

¾ tiug;glk;
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;
¾ gy;ntW tif vil nghLk; ,ae;jpu=;fspd; gl=;fs;.
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
122
221 221
www.nammakalvi.in
4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ filf;Fr; brd;W bghUl;fis th=;Fk; nghJ njitahd
mst[fis vg;go nfl;L th=;FtPh;fs; vd khzth;fis Twr;
bra;jy;.
¾ khzth;fs; j=;fs; cauj;ija[k;/ viliaa[k; vijg;
gad;gLj;jp bjhpe;Jbfhs;syhk; vd nfl;ly;.
G¬ù¾ Ã˜î™
¾ Mrphpah; fPH;f;fz;l bray;ghL @yk; msitfis

khzth;fSf;F epidt[f; TWjy;.
glk; fpuhk; fpnyhfpuhk;

nfhHp √
ngdh √
g{f;fs; √
eha; √
123
mstPLfs;
èí‚°
vilfw;fs;
¾ btt;ntW
vil cgfuz=;fs; vilf;fw;fisg;
gad;gLj;jp
5 in 1
¾ bghJjuhR
1000fp tUtpj;jy;
¾ oIpl;ly; juhR
vilapd; myFfs;
¾ RUs; juhR
124
¾ vilfUtp
 GANGA 
1fpnyhfpuhk; = 1000 fpuhk;

www.nammakalvi.in
fpuhk;(fp); fpnyhfpuhk;(fp.fp)
j=;fk;/ kpsF/ fha;fwpfs;/ gH=;fs;/
bts;sp nghd;wit muprp nghd;wit
msf;ffpuhk; msf;f fpnyhfpuhk;
gad;gLfpwJ gad;gLfpwJ
4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
www.nammakalvi.in
4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
¾ fHpf;f:? 23 fp.fp 245 fp?I 55 fp.fp 207 fp?ypUe;J fHpf;f.

fp.fp fp
55 207
23 245
31 962
tpil: 31 fp.fp 962 fp
¾ ftpjh 2 fp.fp 435 fp Mg;gps;fisa[k;/ 1 fp.fp 350 fp
Mu+;Rfisa[k;/ 2 fp.fp 355fp khk;gH=;fisa[k; th=;fpdhs;.
mts; th=;fpa bkhj;jg; gH=;fspd; vil vt;tsa[>
Mg;gps;fspd; vil = 2 fp.fp 435 fp
Mu+;Rfspd; vil = 1 fp.fp 350 fp
khk;gH=;fspd; vil = 2 fp.fp 355 fp
bkhj;j gH=;fspd; vil = 6 fp.fp 140 fp
«î¬õªòQ™ ñ£íõ˜èÀ‚° ¹K»‹ õ¬ó e‡´‹ e‡´‹
èEîªêò™ð£´è¬÷ «ñŸªè£‡´ M÷‚è¾‹ ªêŒòô£‹.
ªî£ì˜„Cò£è ñ£íõ˜è¬÷ H¡ªî£ìó„ªêŒî™.
¾ gapw;rp 4.1?y; cs;s tpdh 1/ 2f;F jPh;t[ fhz;f.
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´

125
www.nammakalvi.in
èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ j=;fk;/ kpsF/ njePh;j;J}s;/ bts;sp/ Fsk;gpj;J}s; nghd;wit

fpuhkhy; mstplg;gLfpd;wd.
¾ mhprp/ fha;fwpfs;/ gH=;fs; nghd;wit fpnyhfpuhkpy;
mstplg;gLfpd;wd.
õ½×†´î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fsplk; rpy bghUl;fis bfhLj;J mtw;iw

juhrpy; vil itf;f brhy;Yjy;.
¾ Mrphpah; rpy bghUs;fis fhz;gpj;J mtw;wpd; njhuha
kjpg;g[fis Tw brhy;Yjy; nkYk; rhpahd vilia mse;J
tpsf;Fjy;.
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fis fha;fwp re;ijf;F miHj;J brd;W
tpsf;Fjy;.
ñFŠd´:
¾ 1 fpnyhfpuhk; = ________ fp 1000 fpuhk;

¾ TLjy; fhz;f
3fp.fp 215 fp + 4fp.fp163 fp 7 fp.fp 378 fp
¾ tpj;jhark; fhz;f
54fp.fp 115 fp ? 36 fp.fp 18 fp.fp115 fp
ñFŠHìô£‹.
126
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ vilf; fUtpfis tiue;J tUkhWf; TWjy;.

¾ gapw;rp 4.1?y; cs;s tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspj;jy;.
¾ gf;fk; 26?y; cs;s bray;ghl;il bra;J tUjy;.
ÜO‚èô£‹.
127
www.nammakalvi.in
ð£ì‹ 4.2
msitfs;

A¬÷ õ¬è
¾ msitfspy; Tl;ly; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ msitfspy; fHpj;jy; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ njhuha kjpg;g[ kw;Wk; rhpahd kjpg;g[ gw;wp mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ vilf; fw;fs;
¾ fha;fwpfs;/ gH=;fs;
¾ tiug;glk;/ kpd;dl;ilfs;
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ filfspy; bghUl;fspy; mse;J bfhLf;f ve;j khjphpahd
msitfis gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh; vd Twr; brhy;Yjy;.
128
821 821
www.nammakalvi.in
4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
¾ gy;ntW bghUl;fis fhl;o mjd; vil njhuhakhf vt;tst[
,Uf;Fk; vd khzth;fis Twr; brhy;yp mth;fs; brhy;tJ
rhpah vd juhR gad;gLj;jp fz;Lgpoj;jy;
G¬ù¾ Ã˜î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fSf;F msitfis kPl;Lf; bfhzh;jy;

1 fpnyhfpuhk; = 1000 fpuhk;
¾ rpy gl=;fis fUk;gyifapy; tiue;J mtw;wpd; mst[
fpuhkpyh my;yJ fpnyhfpuhkpyh vd tpsf;Fjy;
â¬ìåŠd´
640 A 75 A
1000A = 1 A.A
Ã†ì™ å¼ ªð£¼O¡
2A.A 32A + 5A.A Ü÷¬õèœ â¬ì¬ò îó£C™
125A Ü÷M´î™
èNˆî™
7A.A 900A ฀ 2A.A
950A
129
www.nammakalvi.in
èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ @d;W FHe;ijfspd; vilfs; Kiwna 3 fp.fp 650fp/ 5 fp.fp

420fp kw;Wk; 4 fp.fp 750fp Mf cs;sd. mth;fspd; bkhj;j
viliaf; fhz;f.
jPh;t[:?
Kjy; FHe;ijapd; vil = 3 fp.fp 650 fp
,uz;lhk; FHe;ijapd; vil = 5 fp.fp 420 fp
@d;whk; FHe;ijapd; vil = 4 fp.fp 750 fp
bkhj;j FHe;ijfspd; vil = 13 fp.fp 820 fp
¾ nkhfdh 2 fp.fp 600fp jpuhl;irfSk;/ 1 fp.fp 450fp bfha;ahg;

gH=;fSk; th=;fpdhs;. bfha;ahg; gH=;fis tpl nkhfdh
jpuhl;irfspd; vilapy; vt;tst[ mjpfk; th=;fpdhs;>
jPh;t[:?
jpuhl;irapd; vil = 2 fp.fp 600 fp
bfha;ahg; gHj;jpd; vil = 1 fp.fp 450 fp
bfha;ahit tpl jpuhl;ir = 1 fp.fp 150 fp
?apd; vil 1 fp.fp 150 fpuhk; mjpfk;.
¾ gapw;rp vz; 4.2?y; cs;s tpdh 2 w;F tpilaspf;f.
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
130
www.nammakalvi.in
4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
¾ njhuha kjpg;g[ vd;gJ bghUspd; msitf; bfhz;L

fw;gidahf fzpj;jy; MFk;.
¾ njhuha kjpg;g[ kw;Wk; rhpahd kjpg;g[ ,uz;ow;Fk; ,ilapy;
ntWghLfs; njhd;Wk;.
õ½×†´î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fsplk; rpy bghUl;fis fhz;gpj;J
mjd; njhuha kjpg;ig Twr; brhy;Yjy; gpd; msitapy;
mse;J mjd; rhpahd msit rhpghh;j;jy;.
¾ rpy neu=;fspy; njhuha kjpg;g[ rhpahf mike;Jtpl
tha;g;g[fs; cs;sd vd;gija[k; tpsf;Fjy;
¾ khzth;fsplk; fha;fwpfisf; bfhLj;J mtw;wpd; rhpahd
msitf; fzf;fpl brhy;Yjy;.
ñFŠd´:
a. rhpahd FwpaPL (>, <, =)

i) 1000 fp 1 fp.fp
ii) 640fp 800fp
a. Mde;j; 3fp.fp 500fp jpuhl;ir kw;Wk; 1fp.fp Mg;gps;
th=;fpdhh; vdpy; Mg;gpis tpl jpuhl;ir vt;tst[ mjpfkhf
th=;fpa[s;shh;>
131
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
ñFŠHìô£‹.
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ gapw;rp 4.2?y; cs;s tpdhf;fs; 3 kw;Wk; 4 tpilaspf;f.

¾ gf;f vz; 30?y; cs;s bray;ghl;il bra;J tUf.
132
www.nammakalvi.in
ð£ì‹ 5
neuk;

¾ kzp Ks;/ epkpl Ks;/ tpdho Ks; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ 12 kzp neuj;ij gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ 24 kzp neuk; fzf;fpLk; Kiwg; gw;wp mwpjy;
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ 24 kzp neu fofhu tiug;glk;.
¾ fofhuk; khjphp
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ gfy; kw;Wk; ,ut[ neuj;jpw;F ,ilnaahd ntWghLfisf;
nfl;ly; gfy; kw;Wk; ,ut[ neu=;fspy; ve;j khjphpahd
133
133 133
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
bray;fis khzth;fs; bra;thh;fs; vdt[k; nfl;ly;.
¾ ,uapy;nt fofhuj;ija[k;/ rhjhuz fofhuj;ija[k; fhl;o
,uz;ow;Fkhd tpj;jpahrk; fhzr; bra;jy;.
0:00 = 12:00 AM 12·00 = 12:00 PM
1·00 = 1 :00 AM 13·00 = 1:00 PM
2:00 = 2:00 AM 14:00 = 2:00 PM
3:00 = 3:00 AM 15:00 = 3:00 PM
4:00 = 4:00 AM 16:00 = 4:00 PM
5:00 = 5:00 AM 17:00 = 5:00 PM
6:oo = 6:00 AM 18:00 = 6:00 PM
7:00 = 7:00 AM 19:00 = 7:00 PM
8:oo = 8:00 AM 20:00 = 8:00 PM
9:00 = 9:00 AM 21 :00 = 9:00 PM
10:00 = 10:00 AM 22:00 = 10:00 PM
11 :00 = 11 :00 AM 23:00 = 11 :00 PM
G¬ù¾ Ã˜î™
¾ Mrphpah; ‘tot=;fis’ tiue;J mjd; bgah;fis TWjy;.

¾ fUk;gyifapy; ,Ughpkhzk;/ Kg;ghpkhzk; bghUs;fis
tiue;J mjd; ghf=;fisg; gw;wp TWjy;.
¾ bghUs;fspd; cUt=;fs; fz;zhoapy; vt;thW gpujpgypf;Fk;
vd;gij tpsf;Ff.
134
«ïó‹
ºŸðè™, HŸðè¬ôŠ
4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
ðò¡ð´ˆF «ïóˆ¬î‚
è®è£óƒèœ
°PŠH´î™
24 ñE«ïó‚è®è£ó‹ 12 ñE «ïó‚
· ïœOó¾ ºî™ è®è£ó‹
ñFò‹ õ¬ó · ïœOó¾ ºî™
00:00 - 11:59 ñFò‹ 12:00 - 11:59
135
a.m. - ºŸðè™ · ñFò‹ ºî™
 GANGA 
p.m. - HŸðè™ · ñFò‹ ºî™

· ïœOó¾ 12 ñE ïœOó¾ õ¬ó ïœOó¾ 12:00 -
· ñFò‹ 12 ñE
ºî™ ñFò‹ 12 ºî™ ïœOó¾ 12 12:00 - 23:59 11:59
ñE õ¬ó a.m. ñE õ¬ó · 24 ñE «ïó‚ · 12 ñE «ïó‚
5 in 1
è®è£óˆF™ º.ð è®è£óˆF™ º.ð,

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,H. ð Þ™¬ô H. ð àœ÷¶.

· «ïóˆ¬î 24 · «ïóˆ¬î 12 ñE
ñE «ïóñ£è «ïóñ£è ñ£Ÿø 12
ñ£Ÿø 12 ä Ã†ì ä èN‚è «õ‡´‹
«õ‡´‹
èí‚°
www.nammakalvi.in
èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ 12 kzp neuf; fofhuj;ij 24 kzp neuk; fofhukhf khw;Wf.

¾ 1.00 pm =24 kzp neuj;jpy; 13.00 vd khWk;.
= 1 + 12
= 13.00
¾ 20 : 27 = __________y; 12 kzp neu fofhuk;
= 20:27
(-) 1 2 : 0 0
08:27
¾ 12 kzp neuf; fofhuj;jpy; neuk; gpw;gfy; 8:27 MFk;
ªêŒòô£‹.
-ñ£íõ˜èœ ªêò™ð£´
¾ gf;fk; 35?y; cs;s bray;ghl;il bra;f.
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´

¾ kzp g{r;rpaj;jpy; bjhl=;fp 23 tHpahfr; bry;fpwJ.

¾ Kw;gfy; a.m vd;Wk; gpw;gfy; p.m vd;Wk; vGjyhk;.
136
www.nammakalvi.in
4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
õ½×†´î™
¾ khzth;fsplk; fhyk; rhh;e;j gl=;fis fhz;gpj;J mJ i)

fhiy ii) khiy iii) kjpak; iv) ,ut[ vd fz;lwpa brhy;Yjy;.
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fsplk; fofhuj;ij fhz;gpj;J me;neuk; a.m,
p.m ?kh vd vijf; Fwpf;Fk; vdf; nfl;ly;.
¾ neuj;ij 12 kzp neukhf khw;w/ 24 kzp neuj;jpypUe;J 12?If;
fHpf;f ntz;Lk; vd;gij tpsf;Fjy;.
è‡ìP‰¶ , Üî¬ùˆ ªîO¾Šð´ˆî QR Code è£ªí£Oèœ,
õ½×†ìô£‹.
ñFŠd´:
a) fhiy 10 kzp vd;gJ _______

m) K.g.10 M) gp.g.10 ,) 23 <) 12
b) xU neuj;ij 24 kzp neuj;jpw;F khw;w me;j neuj;Jld; _____ ia
Tl;l ntz;Lk;
12
c) gpd;tUk; neu=;fis 12 kzp neuKiwf;F khw;Wf.
i) 11 ii) 12:25 iii) 24

ñFŠHìô£‹.
137
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ khw;Wf:? 1.00 pm 24 kzp neukhf khw;Wf

¾ 12:00 kzpia 12 kzp neukhf khw;Wf.
¾ 13:00 kzpia 24 kzp neukhf khw;Wf.
138
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ð£ì‹ 6.1
gpd;d=;fs;

¾ gpd;d=;fs; gw;wp mwpjy;.

¾ gpd;dj;jpy; bjhFjp kw;Wk; gFjpfisg; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ gpd;d=;fs; ? tiug;glk;
¾ rpy cz;ik bghUs;fs;.
¾ ,a=;Fk; khjphp ? gpd;d=;fs;
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
139
139 139
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ gy;ntW tz;z bgd;rpy;fisf; bfhLj;J jdpj;jdp
epw=;fshfg; gphpf;fr; brhy;Yjy;. bkhj;j bgd;rpy;fspd;
vz;zpf;ifapy; xt;bthU tz;z bgd;rpYk; vt;tst[ g=;F
cs;sJ vd fhzr; bra;jy;.
G¬ù¾ Ã˜î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fis gpd;d=;fspd; mog;gil jfty;fis
kPl;Lzh;jy;.
? ,jw;fhd gpd;dj;ij vGJf.
= ¼ 1 vd;gJ bjhFjp
4 vd;gJ gFjp
140
www.nammakalvi.in
4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
H¡ùƒèœ
ÞòŸ õ®õƒèœ ñŸÁ‹ å¼ ªî£°ŠH¡

H¡ùƒèO¡ ªð£¼†è¬÷ H¡ù ð°F¬ò‚
ÜPºè‹ êññ£èŠ HKˆî™ è‡ìPî™
¾ rJuk;/ tl;lk; tiue;J mtw;iw rkkhd ehd;F gFjpfshf gphpf;f.
¾ gphpah ½ fpnyh gPl;ql; th=;fpdhs;. mtw;Ws; 5 gPl;ql;fs;

,Ue;jd. Mit fPnH bfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. tl;lkplg;gl;l /
tl;lkplg;glhj gPl;ql;fspd; gpd;dg; gFjpiaf; fhz;f.
tl;lkpl;l gPl;ql;fspd; vz;zpf;if = 3'5

tl;lkplg;glhj gPl;ql;fspd; vz;zpf;if = 2'5
141
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
¾ gapw;rp 6.2?y; cs;s tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspf;f.
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´

Mrphpah; khzth;fsplk; Mg;gps; xd;iwf; bfhLj;J mjid 12

khzth;fSf;F gphpj;jhy; mjd; gpd;dk; vd;d>;.
Kjy; khztd; 1'12
,uz;lhk; khztd; 2'12
¾ khzth;fsplk; rpy gpd;d=;fis fhz;gpj;J mjpy;
tz;zkpl;l gFjpf;F gpd;dk; fhzr; brhy;Yjy
õ½×†´î™
è‡ìP‰¶ , Üî¬ùˆ ªîO¾Šð´ˆî QR Code
¾ åšªõ£¼ ñ£íõ¬ù»‹ Ü¬öˆ¶ , âOò èí‚°è¬÷
W›ñ†ì‚ è¼‹ðô¬èJ™ â¿î ¬õ‚èô£‹.
¾ Þî¡ Íô‹ ñ£íõ˜èO¡ ¹Kî¬ô ÜP‰¶ªè£œ÷ô£‹ ,
ÜîŸ° î°‰î£Ÿ«ð£™ Üõ˜èÀ‚° è¼ˆ¶è¬÷ õ½×†ì
ªêò™ð£´èœ «ñŸªè£œ÷ô£‹..
142
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
ñFŠd´:
i) rJuk; kw;Wk; tl;lj;jpd; gl=;fis tiue;J mij 4 rk

ghf=;fshf gphpj;Jf; fhl;Lf.
ii) bfhLf;fg;gl;l gl=;fSf;F gpd;d=;fs; vGJf.
(g.vz;. 39)
iii) bfhLf;fg;gl;l gpd;d=;fis bfhLf;fg;gl;l glj;jpy;
epHypl;Lf; fhl;Lf
(g.vz;.39)
ñFŠHìô£‹.
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ fPH;f;fz;l bghUs;fSf;F gpd;d=;fisf; fhz;f.

¾ bfho/ vz; ml;il/ kpl;lha;fs;/ gid Xiy
143
www.nammakalvi.in
èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
t. vz; glj;jpd; bgah; rkkhd ghf=;fs; vj;jid>
¾ brt;tfj;ij tiue;J mtw;iw 8 rkkhfg; gphpf;f.

ÜO‚èô£‹.
144
www.nammakalvi.in
ð£ì‹ 6.2
gpd;d=;fs;

¾ rkr;rPh; nfhLfis gw;wp kPl;Lzh;jy;.
¾ fz;zho gpk;g=;fs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ xj;j gpd;d=;fs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ ,a=;Fk; khjphp ? gpd;d=;fs;

¾ vil fw;fs;
¾ gpd;d=;fspd; tiug;gl=;fs;
¾ cz;ikg; bghUs;fs; (fha;fs;/ gH=;fs;)
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
145
145 145
www.nammakalvi.in
èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ fhfpjj;ij gyKiw koj;J rpwpa msthFk;go bra;J kPz;Lk;
gpoj;J mjd; @yk; gy;ntW gpd;d=;fisg; gw;wpf; TWjy;.
¾ Mg;gps; gHj;ij gy;ntW Jz;Lfshf btl;o mjd; @yk;
gpd;d=;fisf; Twr; bra;jy;.
gpd;d=;fs;
G¬ù¾ Ã˜î™
¾ Mrphpah; kPz;Lk; xU Kiw rkkhd gFjpfs; gw;wp tpsf;Fjy;.
¾ rkr;rPh; nfhLfs; gw;wp epidt[f; TWjy;.
gpd;d=;fs;
¼ ⅛
146
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¾ rk mst[ss; 10 bfha;ahg; gH=;fs; xU Tilapy; cs;sd. ,=;F

10 bfha;ahg;gH=;fs; xU KGikia cUthf;Ffpd;wd.
¾ mjpypUe;J 4 bfha;ahg;gH=;fs; vLf;fg;gl;lhy; ............
¾ tz;zkpl;l gFjpia gpd;dj;jhy; vGJf.
= ¼
¾ vJ bgupaJ (m) rpwpaJ vd;gij milahsk; fhl;Lf.
¾ gl=;fis cw;Wnehf;fpdhy; mit rkkhf gpupf;fg;gl;Ls;sij

mwpe;J bfhs;syhk;
¾ Kjypy; glj;jpy; xU gFjp epHyplg;gl;Ls;sJ
vdnt mjDila gpd;dk; = 1/4
¾ ,uz;lhtJ glj;jpy; epHyplg;gl;l gFjpahdJ Kjy;
glj;ij tpl mjpfkhFk;.
glk; 2 MdJ glk; 1 tpl mjpfk;.
B 2/4 >1/4
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¾ gapw;rp vz; 6.2?y; cs;s tpdhf;fSf;F tpilf; fhz;f.

¾ gapw;rp vz; 6.3?y; cs;s tpdhf;fs; midj;jpw;Fk; tpilf; fhz;f.
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
¾ xU KGikia cUthf;Fk; bkhj;jg; gFjpfspd;

vz;zpf;ifna gFjp MFk;.
¾ xU KGikapy; rk gFjpfspd; vz;zpf;ifia Fwpg;gpLtJ
bjhFjp MFk;.
¾ gpd;dk; = bjhFjp = nrfhpf;fg;gl;l gFjp
———— ——————————
gFjp gphpf;fg;gl;l gFjp
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brhy;Yjy; tpsf;fj;Jld;.
¾ khzth;fis ,U FGthfg; gphpj;J xU FGtplk; gpd;dk;
vGjg;gl;l fhfpj=;fis bfhLj;jy; kW FGtplk; gpd;d
tot=;fs; ml=;fpa gl=;fisf; bfhLj;J xU khztd;
vd;w gpd;dj;ij Twpdhy; kW FG khztd mjw;F
Vw;w gpd;dg;glj;ij fhz;gpf;f ntz;Lk;.
ñFŠd´:
¾ a) gpd;tUk; gpd;d=;fSf;F gFjp/ bjhFjpfis fz;Lgpoj;J

vGJf.
3'4/ 4'8/ 8'10/ 10'20
149
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èí‚° 5 in 1  GANGA  4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2
b) _________ vd;gJ xU KGg; bghUspd; Fwpg;gpl;l gFjpia
Fwpg;gJ MFk;
gpd;dk;
c) bghpa gpd;dj;ij tl;lkpLf. 2'3/ 4'5
d) rpwpa gpd;dj;ij tl;lkpLf. 3'4/ 3'10
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¾ gapw;rp vz; 6.6?y; cs;s tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp.
¾ fhfpj gpd;d tiug;gl=;fis cUthf;Ff. cd; tPl;oy; cs;s
egh;fSf;F/ Mz;/ bgz;/ FHe;ijfs; vd gphpj;J.
¾ gf;f vz; 44?y; cs;s bray;ghl;il tz;z=;fSld; epiwt[
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¾ ,l=;fSf;F ,ilnaahd bjhlh;g[fisf; mwpjy;.
¾ J}a;ik bray;fspd; goepiyfis mwpjy;.
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¾ ghij tiuglk;
¾ J}a;ikg;gLj;Jk; gl=;fs;
¾ tiugl=;fs;
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
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Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ khzth;fs; jh=;fs; tPl;oypUe;J gs;spf;f tUk; tHp gw;wpa[k;.
me;j tHp jtpu ntW tHpfs;/ kw;Wk; FWf;F tHpfs; gw;wpa[k;
Twr; brhyYjy;.
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tpsf;Fjy;.
btspna
cs;ns
24
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3 6 9 12 15
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go 2 : 5 fp.fp tpijfisj] jahh; bra]jy;.
go 3 : 30br.kP ,ilbtspapy; tpijj;jy;.
go 4 : 22kP Rw]wst[ld] ntyp mikj]jy].
go 5 : 5 ehl]fSf]F xU Kiw jz;zPh; gha]r]Rjy;.
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FG I : khzth]fis thpirapy] epw]fr] bra]jy].
FG II : khzth]fspd] cauj]ij mstpLjy;.
FG III: Fwpg]g[fs] vLj]jy].
bgah] cauk] (br. kP. ,y])
FU 120
bry]tp 124
Fkhh] 110
mk]K 108
FG IV: cauj]jpd] mog]gilapy] khzth]fis ,lk] khw]Wjy].
FG V: khzth]fis] mtu]fSila ,lj]jpy] mkUkhW TWjy;.
ªêŒòô£‹.
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–7 –4
–5
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4 Ý‹ õ°Š¹- ð¼õ‹ 2  GANGA  5 in 1 èí‚°
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¾ i) Xhplj;jpw;F bry;tjw;fhd FWf;F kw;Wk; ePz;l tHpfisf;

fhl;Lk; glk; _____ vdg;gLk;.
¾ ii) gs;spapy; tpisahl;L tpHh epfH;r;rpia elj;Jtjw;fhd
gofis vGJf.
ñFŠHìô£‹.
155
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¾ gs;spapy; xU njhl;lk; mikg;gjw;fhd xU jpl;lj;ij
cUthf;Ff.
ÜO‚èô£‹.
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mwptpay;
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¾ cztpd; tiffis mwpjy;.
¾ czit vt;thW rikf;f ntz;Lk;/ rikf;Fk; Kiwfis
mwpjy;.
¾ kz;ghz;l=;fspd; gaid mwpjy;
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ rikj;j czt[g;bghUs;fs;.
¾ fha;fwpfs;/ gH=;fs; (Real Object)
¾ rikay; ghj;jpu=;fs; gl=;fs;
¾ Rfhjhukhd czt[ ? (czt[ nfhg[uk; ? glk;)
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;
¾ RHyl;ilfs;
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¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
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Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ khzth;fSf;F gpoj;jkhd czt[ gw;wpf; nfl;ly;.
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czt[fs; gw;wpf; nfl;ly;.
¾ tPl;oy; ve;bje;j Kiwfspy; czt[ rikg;ghh;fs; vd Twr;
bra;jy;.
¾ rikg;gjw;F ve;j khjphpahd bghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;Jth;
vdf; nfl;ly;.
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¾ Jhpj ? ntfkhf
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¾ brhpf;Fk ? cz;l bghUs; tapw;wpDs; THhjy;
¾ kpUJthFk; ? ,nyrhjy;
¾ @H;f ? mkpH;jy;
¾ vGk;gp ? nky; vGjy;
¾ rikaw;fyd; ? rikay; bra;ag;gad;gLk; ghj;jpuk;
¾ cyh; ? fha;e;j
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m) bfhjpf;f itj;jy;
M) tWj;jy;
,) bghhpj;jy;
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¾ kz;ghizapy; rikg;gjhy; cz;lhFk; ed;ikfs; 3 TWf.
ñFŠHìô£‹.

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¾ kPjKs;s czit grpa[ld; ,uf;Fk; kdpjh;fSf;F
bfhLf;fyhk;.
¾ czt[g; bghUs;fis ghJfhf;Fk; rpy Kiwfs;.
¾ cg;gpy; Cw itj;jy;
¾ Fspql;Ljy;
¾ cyuitj;jy;
¾ g[l;oapy; milj;jy;.
¾ czit ghJfhg;gjhy; mt;t[zt[ bghUs; Mz;L KGtJk;
fpilf;Fk; tha;g;ig mspf;fpwJ.
¾ cyfg; gl;odpahy; thLnthh; jpdk; nk?28.
168
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¾ Mrphpah; rpW fhfpjj; Jz;Lfspy; czt[ tPzhjy;/
rikf;Fk; ghj;jpu=;fs;/ czit guhkhpf;Fk; Kiwfs;
nghd;w jiyg;g[fis fhfpjj;jpy; vGjp RUshfr; RUl;lt[k;.
tFg;giwapd; Kd; @d;W tl;l=;fis tiue;J khzth;fis
fhfpjj;ij vLj;J ghh;j;J tpl;L rhpahd tl;lj;jpy; epd;W
mij gw;wp tpsf;fp TWjy;. nkYk; mth;fs; Twhky; tpl;l
jftiy Mrphpah; tpsf;Fjy;.
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¾ rhg;gplhky; itf;fg;gLk; czt[fs; _______ vdg;gLk;.
m) rikj;j czt[fs; M) kPjpahd czt[fs;
,) VJkpy;iy
¾ czit gjg;gLj;Jk; Kiwfs; ahit>
169
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ñFŠHìô£‹.

i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ ckJ gs;spapYk; tPl;oYk; czt[ tPzhtijf; Fiwf;f/ rpy

tHpfis vGjp tUf.
¾ bghUj;jkhd xd;iw (√)FwpaPL bra;at[k;. nkYk; mit Vd;
bghUj;jk; vd vGjt[k;.
czt[ Rfhjhukhd czt[ Jhpj czt[
¾ g[jpa gH=;fs;
¾ rnkhrh
¾ bfhl;ilfs;
¾ ghdp g{hp
¾ fha;fwpf; fyit
¾ g[nuhl;lh
ð£ìˆF½œ÷ ¹ˆîè ðJŸCè¬÷ i†´Š ð£ìñ£è«õ£ ,
170
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¾ ePh; Mjhu=;fs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ bghUs;fspd; @d;W epiyfs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ ePhpd; @d;W epiyfs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ bghUspd; ciw jd;ikiag; g[hpe;J bfhs;Sjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ tiug;glk;
¾ ePh;/ gdpfl;o/ Mtpahjy; epiyapy; btg;g khf;fg;gl;l ePh;
¾ ePh; RHw;rp tiug;glk;
¾ kiH ePh; nrfhpg;g[ ? khjphp
¾ bghUj;jl;ilfs;
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
171
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Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ ePh; Mjhu=;fs; kw;Wk; ePhpd; gad;ghLfisg; gw;wp
khzth;fSf;F bjhpe;jtw;iw Twr; bra;jy;
¾ ePh; Mjhu=;fspd; gl=;fisf; fhl;o mitfis milahsk;
fhzr; bra;jy;.
¾ ePiu ciutpg;ghdpy; (Freezer) itj;jhy; mJ vd;d MFk; vd
Twr; bra;jy;.
ePh; Mjhu=;fs;
õ£Cˆî™:

ªê™½î™.
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¾ kpFjpahd ? mjpfkhd
¾ tpiykjpg;g[s;s ? mjpf tpiy cs;s
¾ tsk ? bry;tk;
¾ jpz;kk; ? jplg;bghUs;
¾ cUFjy; ? btg;gj;jhy; jplg;bghUs; jputkhjy;
¾ ciwjy; ? Fiwthd btg;gepiyahy; jputk;
jplg;bghUshjy;
¾ njhw;Wtpf;fpwJ ? g[jpjhf cz;lhf;FfpwJ
¾ ePh;kk; ? jputg;bghUs;
¾ ciwaitg;ghd; ? bghUs;fis Fsph;tpf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk;
¾ bfhjpfyd; ? bfhjpf;Fk; ghj;jpuk;
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¾ ehk; thGk; g{kpapy; kpFjpahd kw;Wk; caph;fSf;F
,d;wpaikahj xd;W ePh;.
¾ ePuhdJ bgU=;fly;fs;/ fly;fs;/ MWfs;/ ePnuhilfs;/ Vhpfs;/
Fs=;fs; kw;Wk; g{kpf;F moapYk; cs;sJ. ,tw;iw ePh;
Mjhu=;fs; vd;wiHg;gh;.
¾ bghJthf bghUs;fis @d;W epiyahf gphpg;gh;. mit
jpz;kk;/ jputk; kw;Wk; tha[ epiy.
¾ ePh; kl;Lk; rpwg;g[ jd;ika[ilaJ Vbddpy; jpz;kkhft[k;
(gdpf;fl;o) jputkhft[k; (FoePh;) kw;Wk; tha[thft[k; (ePuhtp)
fhzg;gLfpwJ.
¾ gdpf;fl;o jplepiy. ,jd; btg;gepiy 00c?f;F fPnH Fiwa[k;
nghJ ePuhdJ gdpf;fl;oahf khWfpwJ. ,ij ciwjy; vd;gh;.
ePh; Fsph;jy; gdpf;fl;o
00c?f;F fPH;
¾ tha[epiy
¾ btg;gepiy mjpfhpg;gjhy; ePh; ePuhtpahfpwJ.
ePh; btg;gg;gLj;Jjy; gdpf;fl;o
1000c
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ªêŒòô£‹.
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õ½×†´î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fsplk; gdpfl;oiaf; bfhLj;J rpy

kzpj;Jspfs; fle;j gpd; vd;d epfH;fpwJ vd;gij tpsf;f
brhy;Yjy;.
¾ Mrphpah; bfhz;Lte;j bghUs;fis khzth;fsplk; bfhLj;J
bghUspd; mog;gilapy; khzth;fs; FGthf mjhtJ jpl
FG/ jputf; FG/ tha[f; FG vdg;gphpe;J mjd; gz;g[fis
bghUSld; tpsf;Fjy;.
¾ (tha[ FGt[f;F ? Nlhd ePh;/ Mf;!p$d; ml;il)
è‡ìP‰¶, Üî¬ùˆ ªîO¾Šð´ˆî QR Code è£ªí£Oèœ ,
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´

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¾ ___________ vd;gJ ePhpd; jpz;k epiy (gdpf;fl;o)
¾ ePh; ePuhtpahf khWk; btg;gepiy _______
m) 1000C M) 100C ,) 00C <) 200C
¾ VnjDk; @d;W ePh; Mjhu=;fisf; TWf.
ñFŠHìô£‹.
175
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i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ cd; tPl;oy; cs;s bghUs;fis jpl/ jput/ tha[ bghUs;

vdg; gphpj;J tUjy;.
¾ fPH;f;fz;ltw;Ws; vJ ePh;kepiyapy; cs;sJ>
kiH / gdpf;fl;o / gdpj;Jsp
¾ ciwjy; vd;why; vd;d>
¾ ð£ìˆF½œ÷ ¹ˆîè ðJŸCè¬÷ i†´Š ð£ìñ£è«õ£,

176
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A¬÷ õ¬è
¾ ePh; RHw;rp gw;wp mwpe;Jf; bfhs;Sjy;.
¾ kiH ePh; nrfhhpg;g[ gw;wp g[hpe;J bfhs;Sjy;.
¾ ePhpd; gad;ghl;oid mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ ePh;RHw;rp ? tiug;glk;
¾ kiH ePh; nrfhpg;g[ bjhl;o ? khjphp
¾ ePh; Mtpahjy; (neuo mDgtk;)
¾ bghUj;jl;il
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs; & fhbzhspf; fhl;rpfs;
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
177
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Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ kiH vjdhy; bga;fpwJ vd khzth;fsplk; nfl;ly;.
¾ gUtj;jy; kiH bga;atpy;iy my;yJ vg;nghJnk kiH
bga;atpy;iy vd;why; vd elf;Fk; vd khzth;fs;
fye;Jiuaho Twr; brhy;Yjy;.
¾ kiH ePiu vt;thbwy;yhk; nrkpf;fyhk; vdf; nfl;ly;.
õ£Cˆî™:

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¾ epfH;jy ? elj;jy;
¾ Mtpahjy; ? jputg;bghUs; tha[thf khWk; epfH;t[
¾ ePh;j;jptiyfs; ? ePh;j; Jspfs;
178
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¾ tPH;gothjy; ? moapy; gojy;
¾ My=;fl;o ? kiHj;Jsp Fsph;e;J gdpf;fl;oahf khwpaJ
¾ ed;dPh; ? ey;y ePh;
¾ bgUkzy; ? Mw;W kzy;
¾ mRj;j=;fs; ? khRf;fs;
¾ @yf;TW ? mQj;bjhFg;g[
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· «õ÷£‡¬ñ‚° ðò¡ðÁø¶
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¾ ePuhdJ Nhpadpd; btg;gj;jpdhy; ePuhtpahf khWtJ
Mtpahjy; vdg;gLfpwJ.
¾ ,e;ePuhtpapd; kPJ Fsph;r;rpahd fhw;WgLk; nghJ mJ
ePh;j;jptiyfshf khWfpd;wJ. ,e;epfH;t[ RU=;Fjy;
vdg;gLfpwJ. ePh;j;jptiyfs; xd;WTo nkf=;fis
cUthf;Ffpd;wd. ePh;j;jptiyfs; fPnH kiHahfg;
bghHpfpd;wd. ,J tPH;gothjy; vdg;gLfpwJ.
179
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¾ Fsph;g;gpunjr=;fspy; ePh;j;jptiyfs; xd;W nrh;e;J
gdpj;Jspahfnth (m) My=;fl;o kiHahfnth bghHpfpd;wd.
¾ vjph;fhyg; gad;ghl;ow;fhf kiHePiur; nrfhpj;J/ nrkpj;J
itf;Fk; Kiwf;F kiHePh; nrfhpg;g[ vd;W bgah;.
¾ ePhpd; @yf;TW tha;ghL H2O MFk;.
¾ kiHePh; nrfhpg;g[ xd;nw kiH ePiug; ghJfhf;Fk; KiwahFk;.
¾ kiH ePh; nrfhpg;igf; fl;lhakhf;fpa Kjy; ,e;jpa khepyk;
jkpH;ehL MFk;.
õöƒ°î™
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¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fis mUfhikapy; cs;s ePh; epiyf;F
miHj;J brd;W ePh;r; RHw;rp gw;wp tpsf;fpf; Twpdhh;.
¾ khzth;fsplk; kiH ePh; nrfhpg;g[ bjhl;oia fhz;gpj;J
fye;Jiuahlr; bra;Jg; gpd; fUj;Jf;fis midtupd;
Kd;dpiyapYk; TWjy;.
àîM«ò£´ õ½×†ìô£‹
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
180
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ñFŠd´:
¾ ePuhdJ ePh;j; Jspfshf khwp kiHahf bga;a[k; epfH;t[
________ vdg;gLk;. (kiHg;bghHpt[)
¾ ______________ d; ntjp tha;ghL H2O
m) vz;bza; M) ePh; ,) fhh;gd; <) Mf;!p$d;
¾ kiH ePh; nrfhpg;gpd; 2 gad;fisf; TWf.
ñFŠHìô£‹.

i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ kiHePh; nrfhpg;gpd; ,ju gad;fisf; TWf.

¾ ePh; RHw;rpapy; cs;s Kiwfis tpsf;Ff.
¾ kiHePh; nrfhpg;g[ bjhl;oapd; khjphp xw;iw cUthf;fp tUjy;.
181
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ð£ì‹ 3.1
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A¬÷ õ¬è
¾ jhtu=;fspd; gaid mwpjy;.
¾ jhtuj;jpd; ghf=;fis mwpjy;.
¾ ,iyapd; ghf=;fis mwpjy;.
¾ “xspr; nrh;f;if” vd;w epfH;tpid g[hpe;J bfhs;Sjy;.
¾ jhtu=;fspd; tiffis mwpjy;.
¾ kyhpd; ghfj;ij mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ ,iyfs; (cz;ik khjphp)
¾ xspr;nrh;f;if tiug;glk; / fhbzhsp
¾ xU KGr; bro (cz;ik khjphp)
¾ kyh; (cz;ik khjphp / tiug;glk;)
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
182
281 281
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Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ xU jhtuj;ijnah my;yJ jhtuj;jpd; glj;ijnah fhl;o
mjd; ghf=;fis. gw;wpf; nfl;ly;.
¾ khzth;fs; j=;fs; tPLfSf;F mUfpy; ve;j tpjkhd
jhtu=;fs; cs;sJ vd Twr; brhy;Yjy;
¾ gytifahd jhtu=;fspd; gl=;fisf; fhl;o mit ve;j tif
jhtu=;fs; vdf; nfl;ly;.
¾ (v.fh) ku=;fs;/ brofs;/ bfhofs;/ FWku=;fs;.
õ£Cˆî™:

ªê™½î™.
183
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¾ gr;irak; ? ,iyfSf;Fg; gr;ir epwk; jUk;
,aw;if bghUs;
¾ cw;gj;jp ? jahhpj;jy;
¾ epwkp ? epwk; jUk; bghUs;
¾ ,iyj;jhs; ? gue;J ,Uf;Fk; ,iyapd; gFjp
¾ jhJf;fs; ? rj;Jf;fs;
¾ btw;Wf;FHha;fs; ? fhypahd FHha;fs;
¾ tha[g;ghpkhw;wk; ? fhw;W cs;ns brd;W btspna tUjy;
¾ xspr;nrh;f;if ? jhtu=;fs; czt[ jahhpf;Fk; epfH;r;rp
¾ Jis ? Xl;il
¾ tifg;ghL ? gphpj;jy;
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184
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ªî£°ˆî™
¾ cyfpy; cs;s midj;J caphpd=;fSf;Fk; njitahd

czit jhtu=;fs; jhd; tH=;fpwJ.
¾ jhtuj;jpy; nth;/ jz;L/ ,iy/ fha;/ fdp/ bkhl;L/ fpis vd
gy cWg;g[fs; cs;sd.
¾ ,iyapy; cs;s (Fnshnuhgpy;) gr;irak; vDk; epwkpapd;
cjtpa[ld; jhtu=;fs; jk; czitj; jhnk cw;gj;jp
bra;fpd;wd.
¾ ,iyapd; ghf=;fs;.
¾ ,iyfspy; fhzg;gLk; rpW Jisfs; ,iyj; Jisfs;

vdg;gLk;. ,it jhtu=;fspd; Rthrpj;jYf;Fk;/
tha[g;ghpkhw;wj;jpw;Fk; cjt[fpd;wd.
¾ jhtu=;fs; jdf;F njitahd czit jahhpf;Fk; Kiwia
xspr; nrh;f;if (Photosynthesis) vd;fpnwhk;.
¾ ,e;epfH;tpw;F Nhpa xsp/ gr;irak;/ ePh;/ fhh;gd;?il? Mf;irL
njitg;gLfpwJ.
Nhpa xsp
¾ ePh; & fhh;gd;?il?Mf;irL czt[ + Mf;rp$d;.
gr;irak;
185
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¾ jhtu=;fspd; tifg;ghL.
jhtu=;fs;
kyh; epwk;
gr;irak; gr;irak;
g{f;Fk; g{thj; cs;s mw;w
jhtu=;fs; jhtu=;fs; jhtu=;fs; jhtu=;fs;
ghrpfs;/
g[y;/ bey;/
ntk;g[/ kh g{+;ir/ g{+;irfs;
ghrpfs;
bguzp
¾ g{f;Fk; jhtu=;fs; kyh;fisf; bfhz;Ls;s jhtu=;fs;. ,it

ghypd bry;fshy; tpijfis cUthf;fp ,dg;bgUf;fk;
bra;fpwJ. (v.fh) kh/ ntk;g[/ bey;
¾ g{thj;jhtu=;fs; kyh; ,d;wp ,dg;bgUf;fk; bra;a[k; jpwd;
bgw;w jhtu=;fs;. (v.fh) ghrpfs;/ g{+;irfs;/ bguzp
¾ jhtu=;fs; gr;ir epwkpfisf; bfhz;Ls;sd. mit gr;irak;
cs;s jhtu=;fs; MFk;. ,it jw;rhh;g[ caphp=;fs; MFk;.
¾ gr;ir epwj;jpy; njhw;wkspf;fhj jhtu=;fs; gr;irak; ,y;yhj
jhtu=;fs; vd miHf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,it bghJthf gpwrhh;g[
caphpd=;fs; MFk;.
¾ kyhpd; ghf=;fs;.
186
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õöƒ°î™
ªêŒòô£‹.
õ½×†´î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fsplk; jhtuj;ij bfhLj;J mjd; ghf=;fis

tpsf;f brhd;dhh;. Fwpg;ghf ,iy/ g{?f;fspd; ghf=;fis
neuoahf fhz;gpj;J tpsf;Fjy;.
¾ khzth;fis mUrpy; cs;s ikjhdj;jpw;F miHj;J brd;W
jhtu=;fspd; tiffis tpsf;fpdhh;. g{f;Fk;/ g{thj; jhut=;fs;
vdr; gphpj;J fhl;odhh;.
¾ gs;spapy; cs;s EiHthapypy; gyr; brofs; cs;sd. mtw;iw
fhz neuoahf miHj;J brd;W gr;irak; cs;sit/
gr;irakw;wit gw;wp tpsf;Fjy; rpwg;g[.

â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´

187
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ñFŠd´:
¾ ,iyapd; Edpg;gFjp ______ Edp (m) Apex
¾ gpd;tUtdtw;wpd; vJ g{thj;jhtuk; _____
m) khkuk; M) ntg;gkuk; ,) Bbgh;d; <) jf;fhsp
¾ xl;Lz;zpfs; vd;why; vd;d>
ñFŠHìô£‹.

è®ùñ£ù èŸø™ ð°Fèœ âO¬ñò£è
ªê¡ø¬ì»‹.°¬øˆb˜ èŸHˆî™
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ gr;irakw;w jhtu=;fs; fhzg;gLk; ,l=;fis vGJf.

¾ cd; gFjpapy; fpilf;Fk; gr;iraKs;s jhtu=;fis gl;oaypLf.
kyiu cyh;j;jp nehl;oy; xl;o mjd; ghf=;fis vGjp tUf.
188
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ð£ì‹ 3.2
î£õóƒèœ

A¬÷ õ¬è
¾ gUtfhy=;fs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ gUtfhy kyh;fs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ mHFrhjd jhtu=;fs; gw;wp bjhpe;Jf; bfhs;Sjy;.
¾ jhtuj;jpy; czthFk; ghf=;fs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ gH=;fs;/ gUg;g[ tiffs; kw;Wk; jhdpa=;fisa[k; ,tw;wpy;
ml=;fpa[s;s itl;lkpd;fs; gw;wpa[k; mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ fhbzhspf; fhl;rpfs;
¾ tiug;glk; ? g{f;fs;
¾ g{thj;jhtu=;fs; ? (cz;ik khjphp)
¾ mHF jhtu=;fs; ? (cz;ik khjphp)
¾ fha;fs;/ ,iyfs;/ g{f;fs; czthf gad;gLk; bghUs;fs;
(k+;rs;/ Kl;ilf;nfh!;/ fPiu)
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;
Speaker …. )
189
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dìÌIèœ êñªõOèœ
· ð£ó£ñý£™
· «è£ò‹¹ˆÉ˜
· ñ¶¬ó
ÝŸÁ„êñªõO èìŸè¬ó„êñªõO
· ð£ô£Á · ªñKù£
· ªêŒò£Á · Þó£«ñvõó‹
· ªð‡¬í · è¡Qò£°ñK
· ªõœ÷£Á
· è£MK
· ¬õ¬è
· î£IóðóE
ªî£°ˆî™
¾ jkpH;ehL ,e;jpahtpd; bjd;gFjpapy; cs;s gjpndhuhtJ
kpfg;bghpa khepyk;.
jkpH; ehl;od; vy;iyfs;
212
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tlf;fpy; Me;jpug;gpunjrk;
tlnkw;fpy; fh;ehlf khepyk;
bjw;fpy; ,e;jpag; bgU=;fly;
nkw;fpy; nfush
fpHf;fpy; t=;fhs tphpFlh
¾ fd;dpahFkhp/ t=;fhs tphpFlh/ mugpf;fly;/ ,e;jpag;
bgU=;fly; vd @d;W fly;fs; r=;fkpf;Fk; ,lkhFk;.
¾ jkpH;ehl;oy; bkhj;jk; 35 khtl;l=;fs; cs;sd.
¾ jkpH;ehl;od; ,aw;if mikg;g[ ehd;F gphpt[fshfg;
gphpf;fg;gLfpwJ. Mit
· kiyfs;
· gPlg{kpfs;
· rkbtspfs;
· flw;fiu
¾ nkw;Fj; bjhlh;r;rp kiyfs; kw;Wk; fpHf;Fj; bjhlh;r;rp
kiyfisf; bfhz;l xnu ,e;jpa khepyk; jkpH;ehL MFk;.
¾ ePyfphp kiyj; bjhlhpy;kpfg; bghpa rpfuk; bjhl;lbgl;lh
MFk;.
¾ ghuhk\hy; gPlg{kp/ nfhak;g[j;J}h; gPlg{kp kw;Wk; kJiu
gPlg{kp vdj; jkpH;ehl;oy ;@d;W gPlg{kpfs; cs;sd.
¾ jkpH;ehl;oy; rkbtspfis Mw;Wr; rkbtspfs; kw;Wk;
flw;fiur; rkbtspfs; vd;W gphpf;fyhk;.
¾ ,e;jpahtpnyna @d;whtJ ePskhd flw;fiug; gFjpia
jkpHfk; bfhz;Ls;sJ.
õöƒ°î™
ªêŒòô£‹.
213
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õ½×†´î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fsplk; jkpH;ehL tiug;glj;ij fhz;gpj;J
mjpYs;s gPlg{kpfs;/ rkbtspg;gFjpfs;/ flw;fiu gFjpfis
fhz;gpj;J tpsf;Fjy;. nkYk; khzth;fis Kf;fpa gFjpfis
Fwpg;gpl;L fhz;gpf;f bra;jy;.
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fsplk; ePyfphp kiyiag; gw;wp TWf/ Cl;o/
bfhilf;fhdy; nghd;w ,l=;fspd; rpwg;g[fisf; Twr;
brhy;Yjy;.

â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´

ªî£°ˆ¶ â¿î„ ªêŒòô£‹.
ñFŠd´:
i) jkpH;ehL ,e;jpahtpd; ___________ gFjpapy; cs;sJ.

bjd; (m) bjw;F
ii) cyfpd; ,uz;lhtJ bghpa flw;fiu _________
m) bkhpdh M) ,uhnk!;tuk; ,) fd;dpahFkhp
iii) VnjDk; ,uz;L tdtpy=;F ruzhya=;fspd; bgah;fisf;
TWf.
ñFŠHìô£‹.
214
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i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ eP trpf;Fk; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s gPlg{kp/ flw;fiu/ rkbtsp

gFjpfis Fwpj;J tUf.
¾ jkpH;ehL tiug;glj;jpy; fPH;f;fz;l khtl;l=;fis Fwpf;f.
· j+;rht{h;
· kJiu
· nfhak;g[j;J}h;
· ehif
215
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ð£ì‹ 2.2
îI›ï£†®¡ ÞòŸ¬èÜ¬ñŠ¹

/ ñó‹ A¬÷ õ¬è
¾ jkpH;ehl;od; g[fH;bgw;w mUtpfs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ jkpH;ehl;od; fhy epiyg; gw;wp mwpe;J bfhs;Sjy;.
¾ jkpH;ehl;od; gUt fhy=;fs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ jkpH;ehl;oy; cs;s gy;ntW tifahd fhLfs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ jkpH;ehL Rw;Wyh tiug;glk; (map)
¾ fhLfs; tiug;glk; (chart)
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;
¾ bra;jpjhs; ? fhyepiy (thdpiy mwpf;if)
¾ bghUj;jl;ilfs;
¾ fhbzhsp fhl;rpfs;
¾ M¬ó¾ˆ ¶ôƒè™ °Pf†´ (QR Code) i®«ò£‚èœ
ñŸÁ‹ ÜîŸ°ˆ «î¬õò£ù àðèóíƒèœ (Computer /
Tab / Speaker)
216
612 612
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Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ jkpH;ehl;od; tiuglj;ijf; fhl;o mjpy; gPlg{kpfs;/
rkbtspfs;/ kiyfs;/ MWfs; nghd;witfis fz;Lgpof;fr;
brhy;Yjy;.
¾ gy;ntW fhyepiyfspd; gl=;fisf; fhl;o mg;nghJ epyt[k;
R{H;epiyfs; gw;wpf; nfl;ly; (nfhil/ Fsph;/ kiH)
217
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õ£Cˆî™:

è£†´î™.
ªê™½î™.
M÷‚°î™.
¾ bjhlh;r;rp ? bjhlh;it/ cwt[Kiw/ el;g[/ Kaw;rp/ thpir/
guk;giuj; bjhlh;g[
¾ njapiy ? njapiyr; bro/ njapiyj;J}s;/ njePh; jahhpf;fg;
gad;gLk; gjg;gLj;jg;gl;l ,iy
¾ g{=;fh ? ee;jtdk;/ g{+;nrhiy/ g{+;brofs;
¾ fpis ? ,lk;/ jsph;/ Rw;wk;/ ,dk;/ cwtpdh;/ g{=;bfhj;J/
gFg;g[
¾ kiwt[ ? kiwif/ xspg;gplk;/ ,ufrpak;
¾ glF ? rpw;nwhlk;/ njhzp
¾ Rw;Wyh ? ,d;gr;bryt[/ bghGJnghf;fhf my;yJ
Xa;t[f;fhf nkw;bfhs;Sk; gazk;
¾ twl;rp ? twz;l/ ePuw;Wg;nghjy;
¾ ikak; ? nts;tp/ eL/ eLj;jukhdJ/ IakhdJ
¾ r=;fpyp ? bjhlh;/ Mguzk;/ xU epy mst[
¾ gRik ? gr;irepwk;/ Fsph;r;rp/ g[Jik/ mHF
218
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îI›ï£†®¡
ÞòŸ¬è Ü¬ñŠ¹
Ü¼Mèœ îIöè è£ôG¬ô

· å«èù‚è™ - î¼ñ¹K · °O˜è£ô‹
· °Ÿø£ô‹ - ªî¡è£C · «è£¬ì‚è£ô‹
· ²¼O - -«îQ · ªî¡«ñŸ°Š ð¼õ‚è£ŸÁ
· õ†ìŠð£¬ø - è¡Qò£°ñK · õìAö‚°Š ð¼õ‚è£ŸÁ
· Iè¾‹ Üì˜ˆFò£ù
è£´èœ è£´èœ
· ð²¬ññ£ø£‚ è£´èœ · Iîñ£ù Üì˜ˆF ªè£‡ì
· Þ¬ô»F˜ è£´èœ è£´èœ
· Ü¬ôò£ˆF‚ è£´èœ · Fø‰îªõO‚ è£´èœ
ªî£°ˆî™
¾ kiyapypUe;J Mw;WePh; br=;Fj;jhff; fPnH tpGtij ‘mUtp'
vd;gh;.
¾ jkpH;ehl;oy; g[fH;bgw;w mUtpfs; xnfdf;fy; mUtp/ Fw;whyk;
mUtp/ RUsp mUtp/ tl;lg;ghiw mUtp nghd;wit cs;sd.
¾ jkpH;ehL btg;g kz;lyf; fhyepiyiaf; bfhz;lJ.
¾ jkpH;ehl;od; gUtfhy=;fs;
i) Fsph;fhyk; ($dthp ? gpg;uthp)
ii) nfhilfhyk; (khh;r; ? nk)
iii) bjd; nkw;F gUtf;fhw;W ($%d; ? brg;lk;gh;)
iv) tlfpHf;F gUtf;fhw;W (mf;nlhgh; ? ork;gh;)
219
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¾ jkpH;ehL KGtJk; gytifahd fhLfs; cs;sd. mtw;wpy;
kpf Kf;fpakhdf; fhLfs;.
i) gRik khwhf; fhLfs; (Evergreen forests)
ii) ,iya[jph; fhLfs; (Deciduous forests)
iii) miyahj;jpf; fhLfs; (Tidal forests)
õöƒ°î™
ªêŒòô£‹.
õ½×†´î™
õ½×†ìô£‹.
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fsplk; fhLfspd; gl=;fis fhl;o mjd;
tiffis tpsf;Fjy;.
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fis ,U FGf;fshfg; gphpj;J jkpH;ehl;od;
Rw;Wyh js=;fspy; Kjd;ik tfpg;git mUtpfs;/ tuyhw;Wr;
rpd;d=;fs; nghd;w jiyg;g[fspy; fye;Jiuahl bra;jy;.
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´

ñFŠd´:
i) jkpH;ehL ___________ kiHiar; rhh;e;Js;sJ. gUt

ii) jkpH;ehl;oy; ______________ epyt[fpwJ.
220
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m) mjpf Fsph; M) mjpf kiH
,) btg;gkz;ly fhyepiy
iii) ,iya[jph;f; fhLfs; gw;wpf; TWf.

ñFŠHìô£‹.
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ mUtpfs;/ kiyfs;/ rkbtsp gFjpfs; rhh;e;j gl=;;fis

nrfhpj;J glj; bjhFg;g[ jahhpf;f brhy;Yjy;.
¾ cd; tPl;od; mUfpy; (m) eP trpf;Fk; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s
g[fH;bgw;w ,l=;fspd; bgah;fis vGjp tUf.
¾ jkpH; ehl;od; rpwg;g[fis mwpe;J tUf.
221
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ð£ì‹ 3.1
«ð£‚°õóˆ¶

¾ gH=;fhy nghf;Ftuj;J Kiwfs; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ nghf;Ftuj;jpd; tiffs; gw;wp mwpe;J bfhs;Sjy;.
¾ rhiytHp nghf;Ftuj;J gw;wp g[hpe;J bfhs;Sjy;.
¾ j=;f ehw;fur; rhiyg; nghf;Ftuj;J gw;wp mwpe;J bfhs;Sjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ thfd=;fspd; gl=;fs;.
¾ ngUe;J epWj;jj;jpd; glk;
¾ ,uapy; epiyaj;jpd; glk;
¾ ,uapy; tz;oapd; glk;
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;
¾ jkpH;ehL tiug;glk; (map)
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
222
222 222
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Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ vd;bdd;d tpjkhd thfd=;fs; c=;fs; tPLfspy; cs;sJ
vdf; nfl;ly;.
¾ gy tifahd thfd=;fspd; gl=;fisf; fhl;o mjd;
bgah;fis khzth;fs; fz;Lgpof;fr; brhy;Yjy;.
õ£Cˆî™:

ªê™½î™.
M÷‚°î™.
¾ ,lk;bgah; ? beL=;fhykhf trpj;J te;j ,lj;ij tpl;Lg;
g[jpa ,lj;Jf;Fr; bry;Yjy;/ g[yk; bgah;jy;
223
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¾ tpiut[ ? (eil Kjypatw;wpy;) ntfk;/ btk;ik/
nghw;Wif/ ntz;Ljy;
¾ g[wefh; ? efhpd; btspg;gFjp
¾ tz;o ? rflk;/ tz;og;ghuk;/ tapW/ mokz;o
¾ gazk; ? ahj;jpiu/ ,wg;g[/ ,Uf;Fk; Ch;
¾ @iy KLf;F ? vy;yh ,lKk;
¾ ngUe;J ? ce;Jtz;o/ thpirahd ,Uf;iffSld;
Toa/ ,ae;jpu tpirahy; ,af;fg;gLk;
thfdk;
¾ mikg;g[ ? njhw;wk;/ epakpg;g[/ epWtdk;/ totk;
¾ trjp ? tha;g;g[/ mDTyk;/ ey;yplk;/ Rfk;
¾ fg;gy; ? kuf;fyk;
¾ uapy; ? g[iftz;o
¾ tpkhdk; ? thD}h;jp/ re;jpud; Ch;jp/ Ch;jp
«ð£‚°õóˆ¶
· æKìˆFL¼‰¶ ñŸ«ø£˜ ÞìˆFŸ° õ¬èèœ

Þì‹ªðòó àî¾Aø¶
· IFõ‡® ²ŸÁÅö½‚° bƒ°
M¬÷M‚è£¶
ê£¬ôõN ÞóJ™
· «îCò ªï´…ê£¬ôèœ · Þ‰Fò£M¡ ðô
· ñ£Gô ªï´…ê£¬ôèœ ñ£Gôƒè¬÷ Þ¬í‚Aø¶
· ñ£õ†ì„ ê£¬ôèœ · ºî™ Þ¼Š¹Šð£¬î 1853
· Aó£ñ„ ê£¬ôèœ Ý‹ Ý‡´ ¶õƒèŠð†ì¶
«ð¼‰¶
· Þ‰Fò ñ‚èO¡ Iè º‚Aò ê£¬ôŠ
«ð£‚°õóˆ¶ ê£îù‹
· ªê¡¬ù ¹øïè˜ «ð¼‰¶G¬ôò‹
ÝCò£M¡ IèŠªðKò «ð¼‰¶ G¬ôò‹
224
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ªî£°ˆî™
¾ nghf;Ftuj;J vd;gJ kdpjh;fs;/ tpy=;Ffs; kw;Wk; bghUs;fs;
Kjypad Xhplj;jpypUe;J kw;nwhhplj;jpw;F ,lk; bgah;jy;
MFk;.
,uapy; tHp rhiy tHp
nghf;Ftuj;jpd;
tiffs;
ePh; tHp thd; tHp
¾ rhiytHp nghf;Ftuj;J ehl;od; @iy KLf;Ffis vy;yhk;

,izf;fpwJ.
¾ njrpa beL+;rhiyfs; ehl;oYs;s Kf;fpa efu=;fis
,izf;Fk;. v.fh:? nj. be. 44
¾ j=;f ehw;fur; rhiyahdJ ,e;jpahtpd; Kf;fpa efu=;fshd
brd;id/ Kk;ig/ bly;yp kw;Wk; bfhy;fj;jhit
,izf;fpwJ.
¾ khepy beL+;rhiyfs; khepyj;jpw;Fs; cs;s Kf;fpa
efu=;fis ,izf;fpwJ.
¾ khtl;lr; rhiyfs; ,uz;L tifg;gLk;. mit Kf;fpa
khtl;l rhiyfs; (k) gpw khtl;lr; rhiyfs;.
¾ fpuhkr; rhiyfs; fpuhk=;fis xd;nwhL xd;whf ,izf;fpwJ.
õöƒ°î™
225
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ªêŒòô£‹.
õ½×†´î™

ðìƒèœ «ð£¡ø ªî£NŸ¸†ðƒèO¡ àîM«ò£´ õ½×†ìô£‹
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fsplk; thfd=;fspd; gl=;fis fhz;gpj;J
mtw;wpd; gad;ghl;il tpsf;Fjy;. nkYk; kpjptz;o/ khl;L
tz;o/ ,Urf;fu thfdk;/ Fjpiu tz;o nghd;wtw;iw
fhz;gpj;J khzth;fis fye;Jiuahl bra;jy;.
¾ khzth;fsplk; fPH;f;fz;ljpy; vit ed;ik gaf;Fk; vd
tpdt[jy;.
kpjptz;o ngUe;J
khl;L tz;o kfpGe;J
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
ñFŠd´:
i) ,e;jpa kf;fspd; kpf Kf;fpakhd rhiyg; nghf;Ftuj;J

rhjdkhFk;. ngUe;J
ii) Kjy; ,Ug;g[g;ghij ,e;jpahtpy; mikf;fg;gl;l Mz;L
_____
m) 1835 M) 1827 ,) 1853 <) 1858
iii) ,e;jpahtpy; gad;Lj;jg;gLk; gytif nghf;Ftuj;Jf;fisf;
TWf.
226
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ñFŠHìô£‹.
i†´Šð£ì‹
¾ cd; gFjpapy; fhzg;gLk; nghf;Ftuj;J thfd=;fspd;

bgah;fis vGJf.
¾ bgl;nuhy;/ Ory; nghd;w vhpbghUs;fspd; gaid mwpe;J tUf.
¾ jpdKk; eP gs;spf;F tu gad;gLj;Jk; nghf;Ftuj;J rhjdk;
vJ>
227
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ð£ì‹ 3.2
«ð£‚°õóˆ¶

¾ ,uapy;tHp nghf;Ftuj;Jg; gw;wp mwpjy;.
¾ ePh;tHp nghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; thd;tHp nghf;Ftuj;J gw;wp
mwpjy;.
¾ nghf;Ftuj;jpd; ed;ikfs; gw;wp g[hpe;Jf; bfhs;Sjy;.
¶¬í‚è¼Mèœ:
¾ g[iftz;oapd; glk;
¾ thD}h;jpapd; glk;
¾ kpd;dl;ilfs;
¾ fg;gy;/ glF/ njhzp/ xlk; nghd;w gl=;fs;
¾ fhbzhspf; fhl;rpfs;
Speaker …. )
¾ ghlg;g[j;jfk;
228
822 822
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Ê Ý˜õÍ†ì™
¾ ePh; tHpg; nghf;Ftuj;jpw;F gad;gLk; thfd=;fs; gw;wpf; nfl;ly;.
¾ gy tif thfd=;fspd; gl=;fisf; fhl;o mjpy; ePh; tHpg;
nghf;Ftuj;jpw;F gad;gLk; thfd=;fis milahsk; fhzr;
brhy;Yjy;.
õ£Cˆî™:
è£†´î™.
ªê™½î™.
M÷‚°î™.
¾ Muk;gk; ? bjhlf;fk;/ Kaw;rp/ bgUkpjk;
¾ gHik ? bjhd;ik/ rhukpd;ik/ KJbkhHp
¾ mjpntf ? kpFfjp
¾ tsh;r;rp ? xU goapypUe;J mLj;j gof;F bry;Yjy;/
cah;t[/ tsh;jy;
¾ ,ae;jpuk; ? Miy/ njh;/ kjpYWg;g[/ rf;fuk;
¾ ,af;fk; ? ,a=;Fif/ Fwpg;g[/ tljpiw/ RUjp
¾ th;j;jfk; ? tzpfk;/ bgUf;FtJ/ bkhj;j mstpy;
eilbgWk; bghus; tpw;gid Kjypait
¾ m+;ry; ? fojk;/ jghy;/ njhy;tp/ fy=;fy;
¾ g=;F ? ghfk;/ ghjp/ gf;fk;/ (KGikapy;) Fwpg;gpl;l
mst[s;s gFjp
¾ tptrhak; ? ntshz;ik/ thzpfk;/ bjhHpy;/ Kaw;rp[
229
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nghf;Ftuj;J
nghf;Ftuj;jpd; tiffs; ï¡¬ñèœ

· «õ÷£¡ ñŸÁ‹ ªî£N™¶¬ø àŸðˆF
· õ˜ˆîè õ÷˜„C
· ²ŸÁô£¬õ «ñ‹ð´ˆ¶î™
c˜ õN
õ£¡ õN
· Þ‰Fò£ Iè c‡ì
· àôA¡ ðô ð°FèÀ‚°‹
èìŸè¬ó¬ò‚ ªè£‡´œ÷¶
M¬óõ£è ðòí‹ ªêŒò àî¾‹
· 13 ªðKò ¶¬øºèƒèœ
· Þ‰Fò£M¡ ºî™ Mñ£ù «ê¬õ
Þ‰Fò£M™ àœ÷¶
1914™ ªî£ìƒèŠð†ì¶
· â‡È˜, ªê¡¬ù,
· 4 ê˜õ«îê Mñ£ù G¬ôòƒèœ
Éˆ¶‚°® «ð£¡ø¬õ
îIöèˆF™ àœ÷¶
îIöèˆ ¶¬øºèƒèœ
· ðì°
· ÜF«õèŠðì°
· èŠð™
ªî£°ˆî™
¾ ,uapy; nghf;Ftuj;J 1853?y; Kk;ig kw;Wk; jhnd ,ilna
Kjd; Kjypy; mikf;fg;gl;lJ.
¾ `ly;b\srp~ ? ,Ug;g[ ghijapd; je;ij vd miHf;fg;gLfpwhh;.
¾ 1856?y; ,uhag[uj;jpy; fl;lg;gl;l ,uapy; epiyak; jhd;
jkpH;ehl;od; kpfg; gHikahdJ.
¾ brd;id bkl;nuh ,uapy; mikg;g[ 2015?y; bjhl=;fg;gl;lJ.
¾ ,e;jpah kpf ePz;l flw;fiuiaf; bfhz;Ls;sjhy;
JiwKf=;fs; mjpfk; cs;sd. ,it th;j;jfj;jpw;fhd Kf;fpa
ikakhFk;.
¾ ,e;jpahtpy; 13? bghpa JiwKf=;fs; cs;sd. mjpy; vz;Q}h;/
brd;id (k) J}j;Jf;Fo Kf;fpakhdit.
¾ fly; gazk; bra;a glF/ fg;gy; (k) mjpntf glFfis
gad;gLj;Jth;.
230
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¾ thd;tHpg; nghf;Ftuj;ij mjp tpiut[ nghf;Ftuj;J vd;Wk;
miHg;gh;.
¾ Mrpahtpd; Kjy; tpkhd nrit ,e;jpahtpd; m+;ry; kw;Wk;
je;jpj; Jiwahy; 1914?y; bjhl=;fg;gl;lJ.
¾ b\ypfhg;lh;fs; FWfpa J}uj;jpw;Fg; gazk; bra;ag;
gad;glf; Toait.
õöƒ°î™
ªêŒòô£‹.
õ½×†´î™
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fis ehd;F FGthfg;gphpj;J mth;fsplk;
ngUe;J/ tpkhdk;/ ,uapy;/ fg;gy; bghk;ikfisf; bfhLj;J
tpsf;f brhy;Yjy;.
¾ Mrphpah; khzth;fis mUfpy; cs;s JiwKfk;/ ngUe;J
epWj;jk;/ ,uapy; epiyak; tpkhd epiyaj;jpw;F fy;tp
Rw;Wyhthf miHj;Jr; brhd;W tpsf;Fjy; TLjy; rpwg;g[.
â¿¶î™-°¿„ªêò™ð£´
ªî£°ˆ¶ â¿î„ ªêŒòô£‹.
231
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232

Namma Kalvi 4th Standard Lesson Plan Ganga Term 2 TM 218720

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Namma Kalvi 4th Standard Lesson Plan Ganga Term 2 TM 218720

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