‌
Unit‌‌2:‌‌Developing‌‌a‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
Lesson‌‌  1:‌‌ Identifying‌‌ a ‌‌Quantitative‌‌ Research‌‌ 
Problem‌  ‌ ‌
 ‌
 ‌
Contents‌  ‌
Engage‌ 1‌  ‌
Introduction‌ 1‌  ‌
Objectives‌ 2‌  ‌

Explore‌ 2‌  ‌

Explain‌‌and‌‌Elaborate‌ 4‌  ‌
Identifying‌‌the‌‌Area‌‌of‌‌Inquiry‌ 4‌  ‌
Designing‌‌a‌‌Research‌‌Useful‌‌in‌‌Daily‌‌Life‌ 6‌  ‌

Extend‌ 7‌  ‌
Activity‌‌1‌ 7‌  ‌

Evaluate‌ 8‌  ‌

Wrap‌‌Up‌ 10‌  ‌

Bibliography‌ 10‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌

Engage‌  ‌   ‌
 ‌

Introduction‌  ‌
   ‌

 ‌
Fig.‌‌1.‌‌Hands‌‌holding‌‌pieces‌‌of‌‌a‌‌jigsaw‌‌puzzle‌  ‌
 ‌
Imagine‌  ‌yourself‌  ‌starting‌  ‌a ‌ ‌jigsaw‌  ‌puzzle‌  ‌with‌  ‌a ‌ ‌thousand‌  ‌pieces.‌  ‌You‌  ‌may‌  ‌ask,‌  ‌out‌  ‌of‌  ‌all‌‌
 
these‌  ‌pieces,‌  ‌what‌  ‌is‌  ‌the‌  ‌best‌  ‌one‌  ‌to‌  ‌start‌  ‌with?‌  ‌Or‌  ‌if‌  ‌you‌  ‌get‌  ‌to‌  ‌start‌  ‌with‌  ‌a ‌ ‌piece,‌  ‌what‌‌
 
happens‌‌
  next?‌‌
  In‌‌
  a ‌‌world‌‌
  where‌‌
  so‌‌
  many‌‌
  things‌‌
  are‌‌
  happening,‌‌
  choosing‌‌
  what‌‌
  to‌‌
 research‌‌
 
on‌  ‌can‌  ‌be‌  ‌a ‌ ‌challenging‌  ‌and‌  ‌mind-boggling‌  ‌task,‌  ‌but‌  ‌to‌  ‌select‌  ‌a ‌ ‌worthy‌  ‌topic‌  ‌to‌  ‌research‌‌
 
about‌‌
  out‌‌
  of‌‌
  all‌‌
 the‌‌
 endless‌‌
 possibilities‌‌
 is‌‌
 only‌‌
 the‌‌
 start‌‌
 of‌‌
 the‌‌
 experience.‌‌
 In‌‌
 this‌‌
 lesson,‌‌
 we‌‌
 
are‌‌
  going‌‌
  to‌‌
  follow‌‌
  some‌‌
  manageable‌‌
  steps‌‌
  in‌‌
  starting‌‌
  a ‌‌quantitative‌‌
  study‌‌
  so‌‌
  that‌‌
 you‌‌
 can‌‌
 
select‌‌a‌‌worthy‌‌research‌‌topic‌‌out‌‌of‌‌all‌‌the‌‌endless‌‌possibilities.‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌
 ‌ 1‌ 
 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌

  Objectives‌  ‌ ‌
In‌‌this‌‌lesson,‌‌you‌‌should‌‌be‌‌able‌‌to‌‌do‌‌the‌‌following:‌  ‌
● Identify‌‌the‌‌range‌‌of‌‌topics‌‌in‌‌a‌‌field‌‌of‌‌inquiry.‌  ‌
● Understand‌‌the‌‌process‌‌of‌‌identifying‌‌research‌‌topics.‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
DepEd‌C
‌ ompetency‌  ‌
Design‌‌a‌‌research‌‌useful‌‌in‌‌daily‌‌life.‌(‌ CS_RS12-ld-e-1)‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

Explore‌  ‌
  ‌
  ‌

  ‌   ‌   ‌  15‌‌minutes‌  ‌
 ‌
Do‌‌this‌‌activity‌‌in‌‌a‌‌group‌‌with‌‌three‌‌to‌‌five‌‌members.‌‌Fill‌‌in‌‌the‌‌given‌‌table‌‌below.‌  ‌
 ‌
1. Analyze‌‌the‌‌given‌‌scenario‌‌below.‌  ‌
2. Discuss‌‌and‌‌brainstorm‌‌your‌‌answers‌‌with‌‌the‌‌group.‌  ‌
3. Orally‌‌answer‌‌the‌‌guide‌‌questions‌‌that‌‌follow‌‌as‌‌a‌‌class.‌  ‌
 ‌
Your‌‌
  teacher‌‌
  wants‌‌
  you‌‌
  to‌‌
  research‌‌
  on‌‌
  a ‌‌current‌‌
  issue‌‌
  within‌‌
  your‌‌
  strand.‌‌
  What‌‌
 are‌‌
 
the‌  ‌steps‌  ‌that‌  ‌you‌  ‌need‌  ‌to‌  ‌undergo‌  ‌in‌  ‌order‌  ‌to‌  ‌complete‌  ‌this‌  ‌task?‌  ‌Explain‌  ‌the‌‌
 
reason‌  ‌behind‌  ‌your‌  ‌answers.‌  ‌Justify‌  ‌why‌  ‌these‌  ‌steps‌  ‌are‌  ‌important.‌  ‌Use‌  ‌the‌  ‌table‌‌
 
below‌‌as‌‌your‌‌guide‌‌for‌‌your‌‌output‌‌in‌‌this‌‌activity.‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌
 ‌ 2‌ 
 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌

Steps‌  ‌ Explanation‌  ‌

  ‌  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
  ‌

  ‌ ‌
 ‌
Guide‌Q
‌ uestions‌  ‌
1. How‌‌were‌‌you‌‌able‌‌to‌‌come‌‌up‌‌with‌‌your‌‌steps?‌  ‌

  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
 ‌
2. Why‌‌do‌‌you‌‌think‌‌your‌‌process‌‌is‌‌correct?‌‌
   ‌

  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
 ‌
3.‌‌What‌‌was‌‌the‌‌most‌‌difficult‌‌part‌‌in‌‌identifying‌‌the‌‌steps?‌‌
   ‌

  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌
 ‌ 3‌ 
 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌

Explain‌‌and‌‌Elaborate‌  ‌   ‌
 ‌
Identifying‌‌the‌‌Area‌‌of‌‌Inquiry‌  ‌
Choosing‌‌
  a ‌‌topic‌‌
  is‌‌
  a ‌‌daunting‌‌
  task.‌‌
 Out‌‌
 of‌‌
 many‌‌
 research‌‌
 paper‌‌
 topics‌‌
 and‌‌
 several‌‌
 areas‌‌
 of‌‌
 
interest‌  ‌that‌  ‌might‌  ‌be‌  ‌appealing‌  ‌to‌  ‌you,‌  ‌it‌  ‌is‌  ‌important‌  ‌that‌  ‌you‌  ‌pick‌  ‌out‌  ‌a ‌ ‌relevant‌  ‌and‌‌
 
valuable‌‌
  topic‌‌
  in‌‌
  the‌‌
  field‌‌
 of‌‌
 your‌‌
 choice.‌‌
 The‌‌
 ability‌‌
 to‌‌
 choose‌‌
 a ‌‌topic‌‌
 is‌‌
 an‌essential‌‌
   skill‌‌
 to‌‌
 
start‌‌
  a ‌‌good‌‌
  research‌‌
  paper.‌‌
 You‌‌
 must‌‌
 maximize‌‌
 the‌‌
 resources‌‌
 that‌‌
 you‌‌
 have‌‌
 in‌‌
 starting‌‌
 out‌‌
 
with‌‌choosing‌‌your‌‌topic.‌‌Here‌‌are‌‌some‌‌of‌‌the‌‌steps‌‌that‌‌you‌‌may‌‌follow:‌‌
   ‌
 ‌
Brainstorm‌f‌ or‌i‌ deas‌‌
   ‌
When‌  ‌brainstorming‌  ‌for‌  ‌ideas,‌  ‌it‌  ‌is‌  ‌much‌  ‌more‌  ‌advisable‌  ‌to‌  ‌investigate‌  ‌topics‌  ‌that‌‌
 
interest‌  ‌you‌. ‌ ‌However,‌  ‌it‌  ‌is‌  ‌also‌  ‌helpful‌  ‌that‌  ‌you‌  ‌get‌  ‌to‌  ‌focus‌  ‌on‌  ‌your‌  ‌field‌  ‌at‌  ‌the‌  ‌very‌‌
 
beginning‌‌
  to‌‌
  see‌‌
  the‌‌
  current‌‌
  issues‌‌
  and‌‌
  trends‌‌
 that‌‌
 surround‌‌
 it‌‌
 as‌‌
 well.‌‌
 With‌‌
 brainstorming,‌‌
 
you‌  ‌get‌  ‌to‌  ‌narrow‌  ‌down‌  ‌the‌  ‌topics‌  ‌that‌  ‌you‌  ‌are‌  ‌mostly‌  ‌interested‌  ‌in‌  ‌and‌  ‌look‌  ‌at‌  ‌other‌‌
 
perspectives‌  ‌that‌  ‌might‌  ‌be‌  ‌related‌  ‌to‌  ‌it.‌  ‌Remember‌  ‌that‌  ‌your‌  ‌topic‌  ‌must‌  ‌be‌  ‌specific‌  ‌and‌‌
 
focused.‌‌
   ‌
 ‌

Why‌  ‌is‌‌
  identifying‌‌
  topics‌‌
  crucial‌‌
  at‌‌
  the‌‌
  beginning‌‌ 
  of‌‌research‌‌writing?‌  ‌
 ‌
Read,‌r‌ ead,‌a
‌ nd‌r‌ ead‌  ‌
Once‌‌
  you‌‌
  have‌‌
  narrowed‌‌
 down‌‌
 your‌‌
 topics,‌‌
 you‌‌
 need‌‌
 to‌‌
 make‌‌
 sure‌‌
 that‌‌
 there‌‌
 are‌‌
 resources‌‌
 
about‌  ‌your‌  ‌topic.‌  ‌At‌  ‌this‌  ‌stage,‌  ‌you‌  ‌can‌  ‌have‌  ‌a ‌ ‌preview‌  ‌of‌  ‌the‌  ‌possible‌  ‌availability‌  ‌of‌‌
 
related‌  ‌literature‌  ‌for‌  ‌your‌  ‌topic‌  ‌options‌. ‌ ‌The‌  ‌use‌  ‌of‌  ‌keywords‌  ‌and‌  ‌concepts‌  ‌related‌  ‌to‌‌
 
your‌  ‌brainstormed‌  ‌topics‌  ‌may‌  ‌also‌  ‌help‌  ‌at‌  ‌this‌  ‌point‌  ‌as‌  ‌it‌  ‌is‌  ‌also‌  ‌important‌  ‌to‌  ‌explore‌ 
different‌  ‌sources,‌  ‌such‌  ‌as‌  ‌books,‌  ‌journals,‌  ‌articles,‌  ‌and‌  ‌the‌  ‌internet.‌  ‌These‌‌
  keywords‌‌
  may‌‌
 
also‌‌be‌‌of‌‌use‌‌for‌‌the‌‌latter‌‌part‌‌of‌‌research.‌  ‌
 ‌
Make‌y
‌ our‌m
‌ atrix‌  ‌
Collating‌  ‌your‌  ‌possible‌  ‌literature‌  ‌anchored‌  ‌on‌  ‌your‌  ‌topics‌  ‌may‌  ‌also‌  ‌be‌  ‌helpful‌  ‌during‌‌
  the‌‌
 

 ‌
 ‌ 4‌ 
 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
start‌  ‌of‌  ‌choosing‌  ‌your‌  ‌topic.‌  ‌When‌  ‌reading‌  ‌different‌  ‌resources,‌‌
  such‌‌
  as‌‌
  previous‌‌
  research‌‌
 
studies,‌  ‌you‌  ‌may‌  ‌look‌  ‌into‌  ‌the‌  ‌research‌‌
  gaps‌. ‌‌Research‌‌
  gaps‌‌
  ‌are‌‌
  areas‌‌
  of‌‌
  the‌‌
  study‌‌
  that‌‌
 
remain‌  ‌unanswered,‌  ‌Hence,‌  ‌the‌  ‌possible‌  ‌areas‌  ‌of‌  ‌inquiry‌  ‌that‌  ‌remain‌  ‌unanswered‌  ‌by‌‌
 
previous‌  ‌research‌  ‌may‌  ‌be‌‌
  an‌‌
  avenue‌‌
  for‌‌
  you‌‌
  to‌‌
  research‌‌
  about.‌‌
  It‌‌
  prevents‌‌
  the‌‌
  replication‌‌
 
of‌  ‌the‌  ‌exact‌  ‌topics‌  ‌that‌  ‌were‌  ‌already‌  ‌studied‌  ‌before.‌  ‌Thus,‌  ‌getting‌  ‌over‌  ‌the‌  ‌“so‌  ‌what”‌‌
 
question.‌  ‌
 ‌

‌T‌ ip‌  ‌
Research‌‌
  gaps‌‌
  are‌‌
  helpful‌‌
  in‌‌
  exploring‌‌
 for‌‌
 potential‌‌
 research‌‌
 topics.‌‌
 
For‌  ‌instance,‌  ‌you‌  ‌may‌  ‌look‌  ‌into‌  ‌the‌  ‌recommendations‌  ‌to‌  ‌future‌‌
 
researchers‌‌
  in‌‌
  previous‌‌
  research‌‌
  studies.‌‌
  It‌‌
  is‌‌
  also‌‌
  useful‌‌
  to‌‌
 review‌‌
 
the‌s‌ cope‌‌of‌‌the‌‌study‌‌‌to‌‌help‌‌you‌‌identify‌‌possible‌‌research‌‌gaps.‌  ‌

 ‌
Describe‌y
‌ our‌t‌ opic‌o
‌ f‌i‌ nterest‌b
‌ riefly‌  ‌
Analyze‌‌
  what‌‌
  angle‌‌
  of‌‌
  the‌‌
  topic‌‌
  you‌‌
  are‌‌
  really‌‌
  interested‌‌
  in.‌‌
  Know‌‌
 the‌‌
 value‌‌
 of‌‌
 the‌‌
 research‌‌
 
topic‌  ‌to‌  ‌focus‌  ‌on‌  ‌the‌  ‌perspective‌  ‌why‌  ‌the‌  ‌study‌  ‌is‌  ‌relevant‌  ‌in‌  ‌the‌  ‌field‌  ‌of‌  ‌knowledge‌  ‌you‌‌
 
plan‌‌
  to‌‌
  concentrate‌‌
  in.‌‌
  Describing‌‌
  your‌‌
  topic‌‌
  briefly‌‌
  may‌‌
  give‌‌
  you‌‌
 an‌‌
 overview‌‌
 if‌‌
 the‌‌
 topic‌‌
 is‌‌
 
feasible‌‌to‌‌be‌‌researched‌‌about.‌  ‌
 ‌
Formulate‌y
‌ our‌w
‌ orking‌t‌ itle‌  ‌
Formulating‌‌
  your‌‌
  working‌‌
  title‌‌
  is‌‌
  important‌‌
  at‌‌
  this‌‌
  stage‌‌
 because‌‌
 it‌‌
 focuses‌‌
 on‌‌
 the‌‌
 direction‌‌
 
of‌  ‌your‌  ‌study.‌  ‌Your‌  ‌topics‌  ‌are‌  ‌what‌  ‌you‌  ‌want‌  ‌to‌  ‌study‌  ‌about‌  ‌as‌  ‌well‌  ‌as‌  ‌its‌  ‌meaning‌  ‌and‌‌
 
purpose.‌‌
  By‌‌
 formulating‌‌
 your‌‌
 working‌‌
 title,‌‌
 you‌‌
 may‌‌
 also‌‌
 determine‌‌
 what‌‌
 may‌‌
 cause‌‌
 change‌‌
 
and‌  ‌what‌‌
  may‌‌
  change.‌‌
  You‌‌
  may‌‌
  be‌‌
  able‌‌
  to‌‌
  have‌‌
  a ‌‌preview‌‌
  of‌‌
  the‌‌
  possible‌‌
  dynamics‌‌
  of‌‌
  the‌‌
 
variables‌  ‌within‌  ‌your‌  ‌research.‌  ‌You‌  ‌may‌  ‌also‌  ‌have‌  ‌to‌  ‌be‌  ‌flexible‌  ‌at‌  ‌this‌  ‌point‌  ‌since‌  ‌the‌‌
 
working‌‌title‌‌may‌‌change‌‌as‌‌the‌‌research‌‌writing‌‌also‌‌progresses.‌  ‌
 ‌
Read‌a
‌ gain‌  ‌
Again,‌‌
  it‌‌
  is‌‌
  a ‌‌must‌‌
  to‌‌
  check‌‌
  the‌‌
  availability‌‌
 of‌‌
 the‌‌
 literature‌‌
 on‌‌
 your‌‌
 chosen‌‌
 topic.‌‌
 It‌‌
 is‌‌
 mostly‌‌
 
common‌‌
  to‌‌
  have‌‌
  your‌‌
  topic‌‌
  be‌‌
  modified‌‌
  again‌‌
  and‌‌
  again‌‌
  throughout‌‌
  the‌‌
 research‌‌
 process.‌‌
 
Modification‌  ‌may‌  ‌still‌  ‌include‌‌
  changing‌‌
  the‌‌
  topic‌‌
  itself,‌‌
  the‌‌
  variables‌‌
  and‌‌
  others‌‌
  as‌‌
  there‌‌
  is‌‌
 

 ‌
 ‌ 5‌ 
 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
some‌  ‌information‌  ‌you‌  ‌may‌  ‌find‌  ‌that‌  ‌may‌  ‌be‌  ‌too‌  ‌much‌  ‌or‌  ‌too‌  ‌little‌  ‌when‌  ‌it‌  ‌comes‌  ‌to‌  ‌the‌‌
 
availability‌  ‌of‌  ‌the‌  ‌literature.‌  ‌This‌  ‌emphasizes‌  ‌the‌  ‌importance‌  ‌of‌  ‌reading.‌  ‌As‌  ‌a ‌ ‌researcher,‌‌
 
you‌‌have‌‌to‌‌be‌‌able‌‌to‌‌manage‌‌this‌‌if‌‌the‌‌need‌‌for‌‌any‌‌form‌‌of‌‌modification‌‌arises.‌‌
   ‌
 ‌

How‌  ‌do‌  ‌you‌  ‌think‌  ‌variables‌  ‌are‌  ‌related‌  ‌with‌  ‌the‌‌ 

  range‌‌of‌‌topics‌‌in‌‌the‌‌area‌‌of‌‌inquiry?‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
Designing‌‌a‌‌Research‌‌Useful‌‌in‌‌Daily‌‌Life‌  ‌

There‌  ‌are‌  ‌so‌‌

  many‌‌
  possibilities‌‌
  on‌‌
  what‌‌
  research‌‌
  topics‌‌
  to‌‌
  research‌‌
  on.‌‌
  Writing‌‌
  something‌‌
 
that‌  ‌you‌  ‌are‌‌
  interested‌‌
  in‌‌
  may‌‌
  not‌‌
  always‌‌
  be‌‌
  the‌‌
  easiest‌‌
  topic‌‌
  to‌‌
  write‌‌
  about.‌‌
  There‌‌
  would‌‌
 
also‌  ‌be‌  ‌some‌‌
  topics‌‌
  that‌‌
  may‌‌
  be‌‌
  a ‌‌current‌‌
  issue‌‌
  but‌‌
  there‌‌
  might‌‌
  be‌‌
  very‌‌
  limited‌‌
  resources‌‌
 
that‌‌
  could‌‌
  support‌‌
  your‌‌
  study.‌‌
  Thus,‌‌
  there‌‌
  are‌‌
  many‌‌
  things‌‌
  to‌‌
  keep‌‌
  in‌‌
  mind‌‌
 when‌‌
 writing‌‌
 a ‌‌
research.‌‌
  It‌‌
  is‌‌
  up‌‌
  to‌‌
  you‌‌
  to‌‌
  decide‌‌
  on‌‌
  ‌what‌‌
  interests‌‌
  you‌‌
  and‌‌
  what‌‌
 you‌‌
 view‌‌
 as‌‌
 relevant‌‌
 
and‌‌
  present‌‌
  in‌‌
  your‌‌
  specific‌‌
  field‌‌
  of‌‌
  specialization‌. ‌ ‌The‌‌
  following‌‌
  are‌‌
  topics‌‌
  in‌‌
  different‌‌
 
fields‌‌that‌‌may‌‌be‌‌used‌‌in‌‌research‌‌writing:‌  ‌

Accounting‌  ‌

Accounting‌‌systems,‌‌forensic‌‌accounting,‌‌collusion‌‌in‌‌auditing,‌‌tax‌‌minimization,‌‌accounting‌‌
 
practices‌‌for‌‌online‌‌businesses,‌‌financial‌‌markets‌  ‌

Business‌‌and‌‌Management‌  ‌

Green‌‌marketing,‌‌online‌‌shops,‌‌working‌‌environment,‌‌marketing‌‌strategies,‌‌budgeting‌‌
 
strategies,‌‌leadership‌‌styles‌  ‌

Environmental‌‌and‌‌Earth‌‌Science‌  ‌

Marine‌‌pollution,‌‌genetics,‌‌conservation,‌‌recycling,‌‌sustainability,‌‌soil‌‌contamination,‌‌
 
environmental‌‌ethics‌  ‌

Health‌‌Science‌  ‌

Homeopathy,‌‌tolerance,‌‌vaccination,‌‌stress,‌‌mental‌‌health,‌‌global‌‌health‌‌security‌  ‌

 ‌
 ‌ 6‌ 
 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌

Education‌  ‌

Grit,‌‌inclusive‌‌education,‌‌teaching‌‌strategies,‌‌21st‌‌century‌‌learning,‌‌homeschooling,‌‌
 
motivation‌  ‌

Social‌‌Sciences‌  ‌

Discrimination,‌‌equality‌‌in‌‌the‌‌electorate,‌‌stereotyping,‌‌patriotic‌‌sentiments,‌‌migration,‌‌
 
juvenile‌‌delinquency‌  ‌

Humanities‌  ‌

Taboos,‌‌symbolisms‌‌in‌‌art,‌‌folklore,‌‌film‌‌aesthetics,‌‌indigenous‌‌cultures,‌‌religious‌‌influences‌  ‌
  ‌ ‌
 ‌

Extend‌  ‌   ‌
 ‌
Activity‌‌1 ‌
Identify‌  ‌possible‌  ‌specific‌  ‌topics‌  ‌on‌  ‌the‌  ‌given‌  ‌broad‌  ‌topics.‌  ‌What‌  ‌possible‌  ‌areas‌  ‌could‌  ‌be‌‌
 
explored‌‌in‌‌these‌‌topics?‌‌Give‌‌at‌‌least‌‌three‌‌areas‌‌of‌‌inquiry.‌  ‌
 ‌

Broad‌‌Topics‌  ‌ Specific‌‌Topics‌  ‌

1.‌‌Sports‌‌Science‌  ‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌

2.‌‌Democracy‌‌in‌‌the‌‌Philippines‌  ‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌

3.‌‌Start-Up‌‌Business‌‌
   ‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌

 ‌
 ‌ 7‌ 
 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

‌ uide‌  ‌
G
To‌  ‌guide‌  ‌you‌  ‌in‌  ‌identifying‌  ‌possible‌  ‌specific‌  ‌research‌  ‌topics‌  ‌from‌  ‌a ‌ ‌pool‌  ‌of‌  ‌general‌‌
 
topics‌‌of‌‌inquiry,‌‌you‌‌can‌‌ask‌‌the‌‌following‌‌questions:‌  ‌
● How‌‌could‌‌I‌‌expand‌‌these‌‌topics?‌‌
   ‌
● What‌‌related‌‌areas‌‌could‌‌I‌‌investigate?‌  ‌
● What‌‌keywords‌‌could‌‌I‌‌use‌‌when‌‌searching‌‌for‌‌information‌‌on‌‌these‌‌topics?‌  ‌

 ‌

Evaluate‌  ‌  
 

A. Write‌‌your‌‌answers‌‌in‌‌the‌‌space‌‌provided.‌  ‌  

1. Based‌‌on‌‌your‌‌own‌‌understanding,‌‌how‌‌do‌‌you‌‌define‌‌research‌‌gaps?‌  ‌

 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌
 ‌
2. How‌‌are‌‌variables‌‌and‌‌topics‌‌of‌‌inquiry‌‌related‌‌with‌‌one‌‌another?‌  ‌

 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌
 ‌ 8‌ 
 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
3. What‌‌are‌‌the‌‌advantages‌‌of‌‌writing‌‌a‌‌working‌‌title?‌‌
   ‌

 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌

B.‌  ‌Read‌  ‌the‌  ‌following‌  ‌scenario.‌  ‌Then,‌  ‌answer‌  ‌the‌  ‌question‌‌

 
 
that‌‌follows.‌  ‌

1. Lana‌  ‌wants‌‌
  to‌‌
  explore‌‌
  the‌‌
  discrimination‌‌
  in‌‌
  the‌‌
  workplace‌‌
  in‌‌
  a ‌‌certain‌‌
  company.‌‌
  What‌‌
 
are‌‌the‌‌narrowed‌‌down‌‌topics‌‌appropriate‌‌for‌‌this‌‌case?‌  ‌

 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌
2. Jason‌‌
  wants‌‌
  to‌‌
  know‌‌
  the‌‌
  best‌‌
  marketing‌‌
  strategy‌‌
  for‌‌
  their‌‌
  school.‌‌
  He‌‌
  sees‌‌
  the‌‌
  Internet‌‌
 
and‌  ‌the‌  ‌use‌  ‌of‌  ‌flyers‌  ‌as‌  ‌specific‌  ‌contexts‌  ‌related‌  ‌to‌  ‌marketing‌  ‌strategy.‌  ‌How‌  ‌are‌  ‌the‌‌
 
Internet‌ ‌and‌‌use‌‌of‌‌flyers‌‌related‌‌to‌‌marketing‌‌strategy?‌  ‌

 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌
 ‌ 9‌ 
 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
3. As‌‌
  a ‌‌doctor,‌‌
  Rachel‌‌
  wants‌‌
  to‌‌
  look‌‌
  into‌‌
  music‌‌
 as‌‌
 a ‌‌helpful‌‌
 way‌‌
 to‌‌
 soothe‌‌
 mothers‌‌
 during‌‌
 
labor.‌‌
  She‌‌
 wants‌‌
 to‌‌
 do‌‌
 experimental‌‌
 research‌‌
 with‌‌
 this‌‌
 topic‌‌
 in‌‌
 mind.‌‌
 What‌‌
 do‌‌
 you‌‌
 think‌‌
 
are‌‌the‌‌possible‌‌keywords‌‌that‌‌would‌‌help‌‌her‌‌look‌‌for‌‌possible‌‌related‌‌literature?‌‌
   ‌

 ‌
 ‌
 ‌
 ‌

 ‌
 ‌

‌Wrap‌‌Up‌  ‌
___________________________________________________________________________________________‌  ‌
 ‌
● Areas‌‌of‌‌inquiry‌a
‌ re‌‌explored‌‌in‌‌the‌‌early‌‌phase‌‌of‌‌writing‌‌the‌‌research.‌  ‌
● Identifying‌‌
  the‌‌
  areas‌‌
  of‌‌
  inquiry‌‌
 ‌is‌‌
 a ‌‌vital‌‌
 stage‌‌
 in‌‌
 research‌‌
 writing.‌‌
 It‌‌
 follows‌‌
 certain‌‌
 
steps‌‌
  that‌‌
  will‌‌
  help‌‌
 you‌‌
 get‌‌
 an‌‌
 ‌overview‌‌
 of‌‌
 what‌‌
 the‌‌
 research‌‌
 will‌‌
 be‌‌
 about‌‌
 and‌‌
 
determine‌‌its‌‌purpose‌‌in‌‌a‌‌specific‌‌area‌‌of‌‌knowledge‌.  
‌‌ ‌
● Mastering‌  ‌the‌  ‌skill‌  ‌of‌  ‌finding‌  ‌a ‌ ‌good‌  ‌research‌  ‌topic‌‌
  ‌is‌‌
  very‌‌
  helpful‌‌
  not‌‌
  just‌‌
  in‌‌
 
the‌‌nature‌‌of‌‌quantitative‌‌research‌‌but‌‌also‌‌in‌‌qualitative‌‌research‌‌as‌‌well.‌  ‌
 ‌

 ‌
___________________________________________________________________________________________‌  ‌

  Bibliography‌  ‌
Balnaves,‌‌Mark‌‌and‌‌Peter‌‌Caputi.‌I‌ntroduction‌‌to‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Methods‌‌An‌‌
 
Investigative‌‌Approach.‌L
‌ ondon.‌‌Sage‌‌Publications‌‌Ltd.‌‌2001‌  ‌

Cooper,‌‌Harris,‌‌Larry‌‌Hedges‌‌and‌‌Jeffrey‌‌Valentine.‌T‌ he‌‌Handbook‌‌of‌‌Research‌‌Synthesis‌‌
 
and‌‌Meta-Analysis.‌New‌‌York.‌‌Russell‌‌Sage‌‌Foundation.‌‌2019‌  ‌

Grant,‌‌Maria.‌ ‌“What‌‌Makes‌‌A‌‌Good‌‌Title.”‌H
‌ ealth‌‌Information‌‌and‌‌Libraries‌‌Journal‌3
‌ 0‌‌
 
(2013):‌‌259-260,‌‌doi:‌‌10.1111/hir.12049.‌  ‌

 ‌
 ‌ 10‌ 
 ‌
  ‌
Unit‌‌2.1:‌‌Identifying‌‌a‌‌Quantitative‌‌Research‌‌Problem‌  ‌
 ‌
 ‌
Moeini,‌‌Sini.‌‌“Six‌‌Approaches‌‌to‌‌Identify‌‌Research‌‌Gaps‌‌and‌‌Generate‌‌Research‌‌
 
Questions.”‌‌LinkedIn,‌‌September‌‌12,‌‌2014.‌h
‌ ttps://www.linkedin.com/pulse/201409‌‌
 
12150946-275561203-6-very-useful-approaches-to-identify-research-gaps-and-genera‌
te-research-questions‌. ‌ ‌

Saah,‌‌A.‌‌and‌‌Collins‌‌Osei.‌‌“A‌‌Guideline‌‌for‌‌Choosing‌‌a‌‌Working‌‌Title‌‌for‌‌a‌‌Research‌‌Project‌‌
 
at‌‌the‌‌Tertiary‌‌Education‌‌Level.”‌J‌ournal‌‌Academica‌1
‌ ,‌‌no.‌‌1‌‌(2010):‌‌24-28.‌‌Accessed‌‌
 
March‌‌4,‌‌2020.‌h
‌ ttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/278726868_A_GUIDELINE_‌‌
 
FOR_CHOOSING_A_WORKING_TITLE_FOR_A_RESEARCH_PROJECT_AT_THE_TERTIARY_E‌
DUCATION_LEVEL‌. ‌ ‌

Waters,‌‌Donald.‌‌‌Quantitative‌‌Methods‌‌for‌‌Business‌‌Fourth‌‌Edition.‌E
‌ ngland.‌‌Pearson‌‌
 
Education‌‌Limited.‌‌2008.‌  ‌

Vanderstoep,‌‌Scott‌‌and‌‌Deirdre‌‌D.‌‌Johnston.‌R
‌ esearch‌‌Methods‌‌for‌‌Everyday‌‌Life.‌S
‌ an‌‌
 
Francisco.‌‌John‌‌Wiley‌‌&‌‌Sons,‌‌Inc.‌‌2009.‌  ‌

Walliman,‌‌Nicholas.‌R
‌ esearch‌‌Methods‌‌the‌‌Basics.‌N
‌ ew‌‌York.‌‌Routledge.‌‌2011‌  ‌

Waters,‌‌Donald.‌‌‌Quantitative‌‌Methods‌‌for‌‌Business‌‌Fourth‌‌Edition.‌E
‌ ngland.‌‌Pearson‌‌
 
Education‌‌Limited.‌‌2008.‌  ‌

 ‌
 ‌ 11‌ 
 ‌