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VESICULAR TRANSPORT
VESICULAR TRANSPORT
isthe predominant mechanism for exchange of
proteins and lipids between membrane-bound
organelles in eukaryotic cells
Transport of macromolecules across plasma
membrane (macromolecules-carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, and nucleic acids)
The selectivity of such transport is therefore key to
maintaining the functional organization of the cell.
TWO TYPES OF
VESICULAR TRANSPORT
1. ENDOCYTOSIS
ØMovement of
substances
into the cell
2. EXOCYTOSIS
ØMovement of
materials out
of the cell
1. ENDOCYTOSIS
is the process by which cells take in substances
from outside of the cell by engulfing them in a
vesicle
• It involves the pinching in
of a portion of the cell
membrane to form a
vesicle inside the
cytoplasm which the
travels to the needed
location within the cell
Endocytosis serves many purposes,
including:
•Taking in nutrients for cellular growth, function and
repair: Cells need materials like proteins and lipids to
function.
•Capturing pathogens or other unknown substances that
may endanger the organism: When pathogens like bacteria are
identified by the immune system, they are engulfed by immune
cells to be destroyed.
•Disposing of old or damaged cells: Cells must be safely
disposed of when they stop functioning properly to prevent
damage to other cells. These cells are eliminated through
endocytosis.
TWO TYPES OF ENDOCYTOSIS
1) PHAGOCYTOSIS
also known as cell
eating, is the process
by which cells
internalize large
particles or cells, like
damaged cells and
bacteria.
PHAGOCYTOSIS
Within the human body,
and in other mammals,
phagocytosis is how
immune cells engulf
and destroy dangerous
microorganisms or
toxic compounds.
PHAGOCYTOSIS
two primary phagocytes: Macrophages and
neutrophils- types of white blood cells. These
white blood cells are responsible for clearing out
aged and damaged cells, as well as disposing of
infectious microorganisms.
Phagocytes (neutrophils and monocytes)
are immune cells that play a critical role in both
the early and late stages of immune responses.
2. PINOCYTOSIS
Ø The term pinocytosis
is derived from the
Greek word “pino”-to
drink, and “cyto”-cell.
Therefore, the process
of pinocytosis can be
thought of as cell
drinking.
PINOCYTOSIS
Ø Pinocytosis refers
to the uptake of
extracellular fluids
in the cell forming
a pinocytic vesicle
RECEPTOR-MEDIATED
ENDOCYTOSIS
Receptor-mediated
endocytosis is a form of
endocytosis in which
receptor proteins on the
cell surface are used to
capture a specific target
molecule
RECEPTOR-MEDIATED
ENDOCYTOSIS
Upon binding their ligands,
the receptor aggregate in
differentiated regions of cell
membrane called coated pits.
(Ligand is a molecule that
binds to another molecule
called a receptor to send
signals within or between
cells.)
RECEPTOR-MEDIATED
ENDOCYTOSIS
The coated pits then
invaginate and pinch off,
forming a coated vesicle,
thereby bringing their
extracellular contents into
the cell.
2. EXOCYTOSIS
Exocytosis occurs to
move large amounts
of a material out of
the cell in a process
which is the reverse of
endocytosis
Some cells produce
substances for export
like proteins
EXOCYTOSIS
Vesicles form around
proteins produce in
the endoplasmic
reticulum
Vesicles merge with
the golgi apparatus
where the protein is
modified and
packaged for export
EXOCYTOSIS
New vesicles are
formed by the golgi
body which move to
and fuse with the
plasma membrane,
expelling the protein
from the cell
QUIZ!
DIRECTION:
READ CAREFULLY
1) WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES
OF VESICULAR TRANSPORT?
a) ENDOCYTOSIS, EXOCYTOSIS
b)PHAGOCYTOSIS, EXOCYTOSIS
c) PHAGOCYTOSIS, PINOCYTOSIS
d)PINOCYTOSIS, ENDOCYTOSIS
2) WHAT IS THE PROCESS BY
WHICH CELLS TAKE IN
SUBTANCES FROM OUTSIDE OF
THE CELL?
a) PINOCYTOSIS
b)EXOCYTOSIS
c) PHAGOCYTOSIS
d)ENDOCYTOSIS
3) IT REFERS TO THE UPTAKE
OF EXTRACELLULAR FLUIDS
IN THE CELL FORMING A
VESICLE
a) PINOCYTOSIS
b)EXOCYTOSIS
c) ENDOCYTOSIS
d)PHAGOCYTOSIS
4) WHAT ARE THE TWO
PRIMARY PHAGOCYTES IN
PHAGOCYTOSIS?
a) MACROPHAGES AND NUETROPHILS
b)MONOCYTES AND NEUTROPHILS
c) MACROPHAGES AND NEUTROPHILS
d)MONOCITES AND NUEROPHILS
5) IT OCCURS TO MOVE
LARGE AMOUNTS OF A
MATERIAL OUT OF THE
CELL IN A PROCESS.
6) THIS IS ALSO KNOWN
AS CELL EATING AND
FOOD VACUOLE
7) WHAT IS THE FORM OF
ENDOCYTOSIS IN WHICH
RECEPTOR PROTEINS ON THE
CELL SURFACE ARE USED TO
CAPTURE A SPECIFIC TARGET
MOLECULE.
(8-9) WHAT ARE THE TWO
TYPES OF ENDOCYTOSIS
10) GIVE ONE PURPOSE
OF ENDOCYTOSIS
THE END