Mathematics

Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

LESSON 2.1

Divisibility Rules for 2, 5, and 10 to Find the Common

Factors of Numbers

Table of Contents

Introduction 1

Test Your Prerequisite Skills 2

DepEd Competencies 3

Objectives 3

Warm-Up! 3

Learn about It! 4

Divisibility Rule for 2 5

Divisibility Rule for 5 5

Divisibility Rule for 10 5

Let’s Practice 6

Check Your Understanding 8

Key Points 9

Photo Credit 9

Bibliography 10
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Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

Lesson 2.1
Divisibility Rules for 2, 5, and 10
to Find the Common Factors of Numbers

Fig. 1. Repacked relief goods

Introduction
In repacking large quantities of relief goods into smaller packs, you have to make sure that
each pack should have the same quantity. Your skill in dividing numbers will be helpful in
doing this. But sometimes, you have to perform division quickly. To help you do this, a set of
rules called divisibility rules was developed. These rules allow you to determine if a number is
divisible by a certain divisor, no matter how big the number may seem.

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Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

In this lesson, we will learn the divisibility rules for 2, 5, and 10.

Test Your Prerequisite Skills

Before you get started, answer the following items on a separate sheet of paper. This will help
you assess your prior knowledge and practice some skills that you will need in studying this
lesson. Show your complete solution.

A. Find the product.

1. 6 × 9
2. 8 × 8
3. 7 × 11

B. Find the quotient.

1. 54 ÷ 9
2. 100 ÷ 5
3. 122 ÷ 2

C. Find all the factors of the given whole number.

1. 17
2. 48
3. 54

D. List the first 10 multiples of each whole number.

1. 3
2. 7
3. 12

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Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

DepEd Competencies
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to do the following:

● Use divisibility rules for 2, 5, and 10 to find the common factors of numbers
(M5NS-Ib-58.1).

● Solves routine and non-routine problems involving factors, multiples, and

divisibility rules for 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 (M5NS-Ic-59).

Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to do the following:

● State the divisibility rules for 2, 5, and 10.

● Determine if given numbers are divisible by 2, 5, and 10 using the

divisibility rules.

● Find the common factors of whole numbers using the divisibility rules for
2, 5, and 10.

Warm-Up!

Countless Skip Counting

Materials
● strips of paper
● fishbowl

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Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

Instructions
1. Form groups with five members each.
2. On the strips of paper, write the following numbers: 4, 6, 7, 8, 9.
3. Roll the strips of paper and place them in the fishbowl.
4. Each group will be asked to pick a strip of paper from the fishbowl and show the
number they have picked.
5. Starting from the number picked, the leader of the group will lead the skip counting,
and each member of their group will follow one by one.
6. The game will be over once a member says an incorrect number. The last number they
say correctly will be the corresponding points of the group.
7. The group who obtains the highest points will be declared the winner.

Learn about It!

When a number is divided by a divisor and the result is a whole number with no remainder,
then the number is divisible by that divisor.

For example, the number 1 280 is divisible by 2 because 1 280 ÷ 2 = 640.

Divisibility rules help in determining if one number is divisible by another number without
having to do actual division. Let us study the divisibility rules for 2, 5, and 10!

Essential Question
How will you determine which numbers are divisible by 2, 5, and 10 without
dividing?

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Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

Divisibility Rule for 2

A number that ends in 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 are called even numbers. All numbers that end with
even numbers are divisible by 2.

For example, 22 ends in 2 which is an even number. Therefore, 22 is divisible by 2, and 2 is a

factor of 22.

11
⏟ × 2 = 22
factors of 22

Divisibility Rule for 5

All numbers that end in 0 or 5 are divisible by 5.

For example, 10 and 15 are both divisible by 5, and one of their factors is 5.

5×2
⏟ = 10
factors of 10

5×3
⏟ = 15
factors of 15

Divisibility Rule for 10

Numbers that end in 0 are divisible by 10. Thus, 10 is one of their factors.

10
⏟ × 2 = 20
factors of 20

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Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

Let’s Practice

Example 1
Tell whether 525 is divisible by 5.

Solution
All numbers that end in 5 are divisible by 5. The number 525 ends in 5, so it is divisible by 5.

Try It Yourself!
Is 256 divisible by 2?

Example 2
Tell whether 650 is divisible by 2, 5, and 10.

Solution
By 2: The number 650 ends in 0 which is an even number. Hence, it is divisible by 2.
By 5 and 10: The number 650 ends in 0; thus, it is divisible by 5 and 10.

Try It Yourself!
Is 865 divisible by 2, 5, or 10?

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Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

Example 3
Determine which among 2, 5, and 10 is a common factor of 12 and 40.

Solution
The number 12 is an even number so it divisible by 2. However, 12 does not end with 5 or 0;
thus, it is not divisible by 5 and 10.

The number 40 is an even number that ends with 0, so it is divisible by 2, 5, and 10.

Therefore, 2 is the only common factor of 12 and 40.

Try It Yourself!
Tell whether which among 2, 5, and 10 is a common factor of 25 and 60.

Real-World Problems
Example 4
Consider a collection of 200 stamps. Can the stamps be grouped into 2, 5, or 10 groups such
that each group will have the same number of stamps?

Solution
You can solve the problem by testing the number 200 for divisibility by 2, 5, or 10. The
number 200 is an even number that ends in 0. Thus, it is divisible by 2, 5, and 10.

Therefore, it is possible to group the stamps in 2, 5, or 10 groups with each group having
the same number of stamps.

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Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

Try It Yourself!
Joana will celebrate her 18th birthday soon. She has 75 guests who plan to attend.
She plans to sit equal number of guests in each table without any excess guests.
How many guests should be seated in each table?

Check Your Understanding

A. Determine if the following numbers are divisible by 5 and 10.

1. 360
2. 172
3. 1 925

B. Tell whether the following numbers are divisible by 2, 5, or 10.

1. 370
2. 825
3. 1 926

C. Chris will arrange 415 books on a shelf. He wants to place the same number of books
in each level of the shelf that has either 5 or 10 levels. How many books could Chris
place in each level?

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Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

Key Points

● Divisibility is the “ability” of a number to be divided by another number without a

remainder.

If a number is divided by a divisor and the result is a whole number with no remainder,
then the number is divisible by that divisor.

● Divisibility rules are helpful ways in determining if one number is divisible by another
number without having to do actual division.

● Divisibility rule for 2: Numbers that end with even numbers are divisible by 2.

● Divisibility rule for 5: Numbers that end in 0 or 5 are divisible by 5.

● Divisibility rule for 10: Numbers that end in 0 are divisible by 10.

Photo Credit

Fig. 1. Donated Items Loaded by NAVFAC is licensed under CC BY 2.0 via Flickr.

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Grade 5 • Unit 2: Divisibility Rules

Bibliography

“Divisibility by 2, 5 and 10.” Maths with Mum, February 26, 2021.

https://www.mathswithmum.com/divisibility-by-two-five-and-ten/.

“Divisibility Rules for 2, 5, and 10.” Class Ace. Accessed October 19, 2021.
https://www.classace.io/learn/math/3rdgrade/divisibility-rules-for-2-5-10.

SmartickContent Creation Team. “Divisibility Guidelines for 2, 5, and 10.” Smartick, April 17,
2017. https://www.smartick.com/blog/math/operations-and-algebraic-
thinking/divisibility/divisibility-guidelines-2-5-10/.

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